The beam from which it is assembled is also used for the construction of load-bearing structures or fences. In fact, this is a log after edging from 2, 3 or 4 sides. Three-sided processing gives a bar with front side imitating a log surface.
Types of timber
Beam and bar are different concepts. The thickness of the diameter is less than 100 mm - a bar. To assemble the house, the beam must be made of pine (for better breathability) and have a section of 150x150 or 190x150 mm.
For low-rise housing construction use:
- solid timber (cheap, but burdened in the long term with long-term shrinkage);
- glued (high-tech, with specified useful properties, and therefore an expensive material);
- profiled (with a tongue-and-groove joint laid during processing - this removes internal pressure leading to wood cracking).
Profiled timber is made from solid wood or glued from lamella boards. Last option- devoid of flaws and refers to premium building materials. This type of lumber differs and by surface treatment:
- profiled timber (German) - "comb";
- profiled timber (Finnish) - with two spikes for connection;
- profiled timber with cups - rifling for corner joints;
- timber with a flat front surface;
- beam with a convex front surface.
What makes timber the preferred material in private housing construction
- Blessed for design appearance, the ability to play with color and texture.
- Simplicity and waste-free construction.
- Factory surface treatment suitable for application finishing materials(linseed oil, paints).
- Environmental friendliness of the building while maintaining a healthy microclimate.
- Excellence in operational properties over round logs.
- Comparative economy.
All appearing later limitations houses made of timber are a consequence of violations of the technology for the production of this material.
No matter how carefully the walls are assembled from profiled timber, it is impossible to avoid looseness and cracks. They make the house windy and permeable to low temperatures.
Therefore, an important stage of construction is the correct insulation of a house made of timber - internal and external.
Insulation of a house from profiled timber
Traditional tow has received in our days effective competitors: jute, linen, ecowool, mineral wool, fiberglass, expanded polystyrene, thermal basalt. To evenly distribute the insulation between the crowns, tapes made of fibrous materials are used in the form nonwoven fabric, which are attached to wood with a stapler or glue.
Choosing a heater should be guided not only its heat-saving properties, but also susceptibility to open fire, fungal and mold lesions.
What is meant by "insulation of a wooden house"
Warming a house from a bar can mean just protection against blowing, or protection against the ingress of cold air. And you can consider this process as a set of conservation measures internal heat in winter conditions. Each of the target installations will require different insulation materials, different technologies for the implementation of this stage of construction, varying degrees of complexity of the measures taken.
The most unpretentious warming is caulking of interventional cracks. It is carried out in 2 stages: at the first (during the assembly period), pieces of tow are laid between a pair of beams, at the second (after shrinkage of the house) - the tow is tucked into the slot with a special spatula using a hammer. The process is simple, but time-consuming and time-consuming.
Insulation of the house from the inside
Whatever insulation is used in this case, its primary task of preserving heat is certainly combined with sound insulation from the external environment. Wall insulation inside should not significantly reduce the size of the premises, so the insulation boards are chosen no thicker than 3 cm. Their environmental safety and resistance to destruction by rodents are provided. On top of the insulation, usually, the walls are lined with plasterboard.
The technology of proper insulation of a house from a bar outside
Insulation works log house outside, they begin with checking the quality of the joints after reaching the natural moisture content of the timber, choosing a heat insulator and calculating its required thickness (up to 7 cm). Now there is a convenient opportunity to calculate with an online calculator on the Internet.
Worth considering that insulation work will not greatly affect the dimensions, but can unrecognizably change the appearance of the building, so you need to immediately decide on the type of future cladding (plaster, siding, false timber) and the proposed finishing work.
External insulation can be done in the following way:
- arrange a hinged ventilated facade;
- insulate the outside with polyurethane coating;
- insulate with foam.
Required insulation tools.
- Roulette and level with a plumb line.
- Hacksaw.
- Self-tapping screws.
- Staircase or scaffolding.
- Lumber for framing.
The sequence of works on the installation of a hinged ventilated facade
If the timber used in construction was dry, then hinged facade you can start doing immediately after the construction of the log house.
- First of all, it is necessary to close up the interventional gaps (see "caulking").
- The crate begins to be assembled from a frame of bars (50x70 along the height of the insulation). They are fixed to the wall vertically with nails, in increments along the width of the insulation.
- According to the technology of a ventilated facade, the crate is made two-level to obtain a gap of 3 cm between the insulation and the finish coating.
- Insulation plates are laid end-to-end between the structures of the crate.
- A special material (diffuse membrane) is stretched, fastening construction stapler to the crate.
- Strengthen the finishing material of the facade.
This type of insulation makes the façade stable to any kind of atmospheric phenomena, prevents rotting and mold, preserves the ability of wooden walls to "breathe".
Insulation by spraying polyurethane foam
polyurethane foam- Polymer #1 adheres well to a clean, oil-free surface. Applied in several passes with special equipment under pressure with a layer of 50 mm on a wall made of timber, it forms a moisture-proof film without seams and cracks and closes the pores of wood. This coating is removed under the hinged facade of the finishing material.
The method is very simple and economical, carried out without lifting mechanisms and scaffolding. A significant advantage is resistance to open fire, the duration of the preservation of heat-shielding qualities, resistance to rotting processes and exposure to bacteria.
But, should be provided when designing a house, a ventilation system, effectively problem solving vapor barrier polyurethane film.
Foam insulation
Insulation of a timber house with polystyrene foam (expanded polystyrene) can be done both from the inside and outside. It is an inexpensive and effective material in use. For insulation work take plates 5 cm thick and special glue.
- Starting profiles are attached horizontally to clean, dry walls at the bottom to prevent slipping of the cladding.
- Glue is applied both to the foam and to the place of gluing, lubricating the joints.
- Work is carried out from the bottom up.
- Glue drying time - 3 days.
- After drying, the foam is additionally strengthened with special dowels.
- Subsequent work is carried out after the primer layer.
- Shrinkage of profile timber up to 3-4% occurs in the first six months - a year.
- When working with insulation, it is important to observe safety measures: protection eye-glasses, protection of hands - gloves, protection of respiratory organs - respirator.
- The heater must not be stored under open sky: getting wet will reduce its heat-shielding properties.
- Insulation plates can be installed at a distance without additional fasteners, if the distance between the elements of the crate is reduced by 1.5 cm.
- Spray insulation can be done at a temperature of at least 10 degrees.
- Organic heaters are subject to destruction by rodents.
Unfortunately, the price of energy resources rises almost every year, which is most directly related to the considerable costs of heating a country house. In any way, to correct this situation without harming your own health, the contents of your wallet and warming work can help. If you are the owner of a wooden country house from profiled timber, and have not yet decided on the issue of thermal insulation of the walls, then our today's article will be most welcome.
Carrying out insulation work for a house made of profiled timber
How to competently insulate the outside and is it necessary to invite third-party specialists for these purposes? To be honest, you can do everything yourself, and the work itself consists of a small number of fairly simple steps:
- calculation of the required thickness of insulation and right choice material for thermal insulation;
- caulking cracks in the walls of a house made of profiled timber;
- installation of crates for fixing thermal insulation;
- installation of material for thermal insulation;
- fastening the windproof sheet and installing an additional crate in order to create a ventilation gap;
- exterior decoration of the house from profiled timber and, if necessary, applying a protective composition to this finish.
Internal insulation of the house from profiled timber
Despite the increased interest in the internal insulation of a one-story house made of profiled timber, experts strongly advise choosing the right way - to insulate the house from a profiled timber from the outside. Why? Here are some important reasons:
- with this approach, the dew point is shifted into the space between the timber and the thermal insulation. Therefore, increased humidity appears in the walls, rotting of the profiled timber occurs, as well as the development of mold and the like;
- materials for thermal insulation and home decoration practically eat up the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe house from profiled timber;
- in general, there are simply no necessary reasons why you needed to insulate a house from a profiled beam, just inside.
External insulation of the house from profiled timber
Let's get to work on the preparation of the walls. If you use a profiled beam of natural moisture, then you should wait a little, that is, until the beam dries to the equilibrium moisture value. With profiled dry timber, the situation is different; it is to work with it almost immediately after assembling the log house from profiled timber. And the very first thing to do is to close up all the openings between the crowns, using tow, linen rope or jute. The caulking of profiled timber has only one simple goal - to reduce the blowing of the walls of the house.
After that, you should choose a certain type of material for thermal insulation. Usually for warmth country houses from profiled timber, heaters are used, which are made on the basis of mineral wool. An extensive range of building products is produced under the brands Insulation, KNAUF, ISOVER, ROCKWOOL and many others - you just need to choose the option you need, based on your budget. The required thickness is quite easy to calculate using a special online calculator so we will not delve further into this issue now. It is only worth noting that quite often this value is taken either by 50 or 100 mm.
Having decided on the thickness type thermal insulation material, you can start installing the crate. It looks like a frame made of bars that are attached to the wall with a step that is equal to the width of the insulation, but not less than 600 millimeters. Fastening is carried out using self-tapping screws, nails, screws and the like. The material for the crate can be an ordinary beam of 50x70 millimeters or lumber, which will have a larger width - it should be the same as the thickness of the heat-insulating material.
After that, the insulation plates are placed between the details of the crate by surprise. They cover the thermal insulation with a special superdiffusion membrane, and then attach it to the crate using construction stapler. In order to get a ventilation gap, which has a width of 30 millimeters, bars of the required thickness are attached to the crate. And then it is already possible to mount some kind of finishing material on them, for example, an imitation of a bar.
Conclusion
Here we tried to give answers to questions of interest on this topic: how to independently insulate a house from a profiled beam. Now it has become clear that this work does not require special skills and can be performed by almost anyone who knows how to use a screwdriver and hammer. Let's hope everything works out for you!
Recently, more and more private country houses are being built from timber with a cross section of 150x150 mm. From ordinary wooden houses they differ only in that the logs for their construction, due to preliminary special processing, have flat surface. Timber houses have an excellent appearance, durability and a fairly low cost. However, along with the listed advantages, they also have a significant drawback - poor thermal insulation. Therefore, quite often the question arises - is it necessary to insulate a house from a bar and how to do it?
The reason for the large heat loss of timber houses is design feature erected building and the thickness of its overlap. They began to build such houses using technology brought from countries with temperate climate. Therefore, in order to be comfortable inside the building in the conditions of a harsh domestic winter, it must be insulated.
Benefits obtained after insulation:
- The house will become warm, therefore, in order to achieve a comfortable climate in its premises, minimal costs will be required for heating them.
- Increase the life of the building.
- With the help of a ventilated facade, the environmental friendliness of the building will increase. The heat insulator will be outside, so the walls will be able to "breathe".
- All rooms will be heated evenly.
- If the building is revetted after insulation, its aesthetics will increase.
- protected by thermal insulation and facing material the timber will not experience negative effects from solar ultraviolet radiation, temperature changes, and moisture.
Insulation with a hinged facade
A hinged ventilated facade is considered one of the best views insulation. It has many advantages:
Such warming is carried out in several stages:
- Choice of heater.
- Calculation of the amount of materials.
- Installation of a heat-insulating layer.
- Finishing the facade of the building.
The choice of insulation
To insulate your home with high quality, it is best to stop your choice on mineral wool. Sometimes foam sheets are used as a heater, however, they conduct more heat than cotton wool, so they lose to it. At the same time, mineral wool is able to pass air and does not burn at all.
After being insulated with foam plastic, the walls made of wood after a while begin to rot, become covered with mold, fungus and collapse. In addition, polystyrene foam does not "breathe" at all. So best material to insulate the house outside, mineral wool remains.
After the material is selected, it is necessary to calculate how much it will be required for external work on the insulation of the building. To do this is not difficult at all.
Material calculation
Mineral wool Sold in special rolls or slabs. It is most convenient to install plates on the walls, besides, they hold better on vertical surfaces and are more economical. Mineral wool in rolls is most often used for uneven surfaces.
Calculation of the number of layers for walls 20 centimeters thick:
- one layer of cotton wool is used if the minimum temperature in winter is -20C;
- two, and sometimes three layers will be needed for winters with temperatures below -22-25C.
Together with mineral wool, you will need to purchase wooden slats:
- 5x5 centimeters in size for single-layer insulation;
- 5x10 centimeters - for multilayer.
In addition, you will need to buy and prepare:
- stapler with staples;
- antifungal agent;
- self-tapping screws;
- anchors;
- waterproofing polyethylene film.
Independent installation of thermal insulation
Before starting work on insulation, it is necessary to treat the timber with special antifungal agents. This is best done during the warm season.
Waterproofing.
A waterproofing film is mounted on the treated and dried surface. Its rough moisture-conducting surface should be directed towards the wall. Otherwise, condensation will collect on the beam, which will lead to its destruction.
The film is first attached to the surfaces with a stapler. After that, the seams are glued with adhesive tape.
To protect the insulation layer from steam that penetrates through the walls of the timber, you can additionally apply a vapor barrier.
A ventilation space must be left on top of the waterproofing film. It is created with the help of a crate of slats.
Lathing installation.
It is necessary to mount the crate on which mineral wool will be attached in increments equal to the width of the wool slab minus two centimeters. This will hold the plates well and ensure their spring-loaded state.
The first rail is fastened end-to-end to the corner of the building and then subsequent rails are installed at an equal distance from each other. Fastening is done with self-tapping screws. The verticality of the rails is recommended to be checked with a level.
Cotton wool installation.
Mineral wool boards are very easy to cut and can be shaped into any shape. For their installation, special plastic or metal anchors with a wide hat are used.
Mounting method:
- First of all, a series of through holes should be drilled.
- Insert into the anchor holes, into which, in turn, hammer hearts with hats.
- The anchors must wedged and provide a rigid hold to the insulation.
To prevent condensate from settling in the heat insulator, air must be left under the roof overhang and at the basement. With their help, air will circulate in the left space, and at the same time remove excess steam.
Finishing
For finishing a building from a bar, you can use a variety of materials:
- siding;
- boards;
- lining;
- planken.
Before installing finishing materials on the surface of the house, it will be necessary to attach the base in the form of a crate.
Insulation by spraying polyurethane foam
This method of insulation is produced using special installations and is used for walls, foundations and plinths.
Advantages of PPU (polyurethane foam insulation):
Thermal insulation by spraying is not particularly difficult. However, the surface to be insulated must first be prepared.
To do this, remove everything from the walls that will interfere with spraying and treat them with a layer of adhesive material. The surface temperature must be at least +10 and not more than +15C. Also keep it clean and dry. high humidity lead to peeling, blistering and other defects.
When preparing the material for insulating the walls of a house from a bar, it is necessary to ensure that all components that will be mixed in the foam concentrate are in the temperature range from +17 to +23С.
Spray work
Warming the house from the outside with polyurethane foam takes place in several stages. Each time, 10 to 15 millimeters of material is applied to the surface. To obtain a higher density, the layer thickness and temperature can be increased.
Features of working with polyurethane:
- the material does not burn, so it can be used near heat sources;
- arising mechanical damage must be removed as soon as possible;
- if the material will be exposed to sunlight, then it will need to be coated with a protective paint.
By doing the work correctly and observing all the requirements, with the help of PPU spraying, you can protect your home from the cold for many years.
If the external insulation of the house from the timber is not enough, then the room will also need to be insulated from the inside.
Internal work on the insulation of a house from a bar
If internal surfaces not treated with an antiseptic or antipyrine, then this will need to be done before starting work. Before assembling the frame, all cracks and crevices will need to be repaired with jute.
Frame assembly.
Start assembling racks from the corners:
- Two beams are cut along the height of the room, with a section of 50x100 mm and 50x50 mm.
- The second beam is located along the edge of the first, the result should be a stand in the form of the letter "G".
- Such structures should be placed in every corner of the room.
- Bars with a section of 50x50 mm and a step of 60 cm are attached between the racks.
All bars should be fixed with self-tapping screws.
Installation of thermal insulation.
For thermal insulation, it is best to choose the best in terms of characteristics and price mineral wool. The width of the strips of material should be 10-20 centimeters larger than the gaps between the installed bars.
Insulation sheets will need to be placed in the cells of the frame, and attached to the surface using anchors with large caps.
After all the thermal insulation material has been installed, a vapor barrier film is attached to it.
Floor insulation
To heat loss reduce by another 20%, you can insulate the floors in the house from a bar. To do this, you can choose mineral wool or penoplex.
When insulating floors with foam work you should start by creating a "pillow":
- Scatter a layer of gravel 30 centimeters thick, level it and compact it.
- Scatter sand in a layer of 10 centimeters and also compact.
- From concrete mix pour the screed.
- Four weeks later, when the screed dries well, waterproofing is placed on the subfloor in the form of a thick plastic film.
After all preparatory work you can start installing polystyrene foam.
How to insulate the ceiling
In buildings made of timber, the thermal insulation of the ceiling is no less important than the insulation of walls and floors. You can apply for this:
- polyethylene foam;
- all types of foam;
- mineral wool;
- medium fraction expanded clay.
Quite often, sawdust is used to insulate ceilings. This is due to the fact that they are environmentally friendly, have low thermal conductivity and are very cheap.
In order for the sawdust to last for a long time, they will need to be impregnated with an antiseptic and antipyrine before use. The material is then dried and add lime at the rate of 1:9, where 1 is the proportion of lime, and 9 is sawdust. Such actions are necessary so that rodents do not start in the sawdust.
The insulation is poured between the joists of the attic floor with a layer of 20 centimeters or more and compacted.
After the thermal insulation and cladding on the surfaces of the house are installed, the humidity in the building will increase. To create a healthy microclimate, it is recommended to install forced ventilation.
Properly selected materials and work carried out to insulate a house from a bar from the outside and from the inside will increase the life of the building, save money when paying utility bills and help maintain a comfortable temperature in the house.
Insulation of a wooden building
Most often, wooden houses are built from timber material, the size of which is 150 × 150 mm. Before choosing such a thickness, some are wondering if it is necessary / will it be necessary to insulate a house from a 150 × 150 timber?
As a rule, such buildings are erected using imported technologies, from where the climate is much warmer and milder than ours. Therefore, if you are going to live in a house made of timber 150 × 150 in winter, then it must be insulated from the outside.
Important detail: It is worth noting that it is pointless to insulate houses from a 150 × 150 timber only from the inside, this will not give a special effect.
How to insulate a house from a bar 150 × 150 from the outside?
Stages of thermal insulation:
- Choice of heater.
- Calculation of the selected material.
- Creation of a layer of thermal insulation.
- External finishing.
Material selection
First of all, it is worth noting that the material used to insulate a building can be of two types:
- natural;
- artificial.
Insulation can also be both in rolls and in blocks. You can insulate a house from a bar 150 × 150 from the outside with basalt and polystyrene foam.
However, most prefer basalt over foam. Advantages of mineral wool (basalt):
- such material passes steam;
- not amenable to combustion;
- safe for human health;
- the thermal conductivity is low.
Mineral wool in rolls and slabs
Mineral wool can be purchased both in slabs and in rolls. For warming a wooden building, the first option is more suitable. Tiles are good because they are more economical, stick well on a vertical surface and install them without much difficulty. However, if the wall is not even, then in this case it is better to prefer rolled material.
There are several formulas for calculating the required thickness of insulation. It is worth noting that slabs with a thickness of 5 cm are most often sold. Consider the simplest way to calculate the required slab layer.
Advice: If in winter the temperature does not drop to -20 degrees, and the thickness of the wall is 20 cm, then in this case it will be enough to lay one layer of mineral wool.
But if the temperature drops to -25 degrees, then in this case two layers of mineral wool are laid.
Tools
To complete the installation you will need:
- boards (if one layer, then 5 × 5 cm, if two layers, then 5 × 10 cm);
- mineral wool or other material;
- film for waterproofing;
- self-tapping screws, anchors and stapler;
- means for protecting wood from fire, fungus and rodents.
thermal insulation
Mineral wool laying
- Wall preparation.
- Laying the first waterproofing layer.
- Creating a framework.
- Laying foam / mineral wool (or other material).
- Creation of the 2nd waterproofing layer.
To create warm house, built using timber 150 150, it is necessary to insulate it correctly, taking into account all the main points. You cannot start the process of thermal insulation if the wall is not treated.
Preparatory work
The wall must be cleaned of all existing contaminants. Next, the surface is treated with agents that prevent the formation of mold, fungus and protect against rodents.
vapor barrier
The log must be protected from moisture, otherwise it will rot. This will require roofing material, foil and plastic wrap. Put all these materials on top of each other, that is, in layers. The joints are glued with tape, it is best to use self-adhesive.
Wireframe creation
The crate is created using boards that are attached to a log. The step from the beam to the board must be no less than the width of the insulation. This is necessary so that all holes and cracks are securely protected.
Warming and windproofing
Insulation is laid between the boards of the frame.
On a note: To create windproofing, a polyethylene film is used, which is attached to the frame.
How can you insulate a wooden house?
Many when choosing wooden house wondered if it was warm in a house made of 150 × 150 timber? If the building is properly insulated, then it will be possible to be in such a dwelling even in the most severe winters.
To date, there are several methods of warming a wooden dwelling. Let's consider them.
Warming by creating a hinged ventilated facade
Hinged facade from siding
Perhaps this method is considered the most popular.
The process of creating a ventilated facade:
- After the construction is completed, they begin to create a hinged side.
- All holes and gaps are caulked.
- Close up all corners.
- Since the frame consists of two levels, a space is formed between the thermal insulation layer and the finish.
- Mineral wool is laid between the rivers of the crate.
- Membrane attachment.
- The front side is strengthened and trimmed.
Foam application
First of all, it is worth noting that this method of insulation is considered the most economical and it is suitable not only for the outside, but also for the inside.
To attach the plates to the surface you will need glue. Styrofoam is laid from the bottom up, after applying glue to it.
Use of polyurethane foam
Under high pressure, a layer of polyurethane foam is applied to the wall. As a result, a film is formed that perfectly protects the home from cold and moisture.
Video about a hinged facade on a wooden building
Any wooden house is environmentally friendly and has an excellent microclimate. But with the level of thermal insulation, buildings made of logs or timber sometimes have problems. It is worth considering the issues of warming a timber dwelling from the inside.
There are many aspects that determine how pleasant a stay will be. Internal insulation must be carried out taking into account certain requirements and using materials suitable for this. We read about the insulation of a house from a bar from the outside here.
Do I need to insulate a house from a bar from the inside?
The cold inside the house from a bar appears mainly due to the presence of poorly insulated areas. Often the presence of gaps in the thermal insulation of the building leads to drafts. The owners may feel discomfort due to the presence of gaps between the bars, due to the incorrect location of the insulation, and also as a result of the drying of the wood. The result of all this is a decrease in the thermal insulation capabilities of the building as a whole.
Internal insulation of dwellings made of timber is not carried out as often as external insulation. The reasons for this can be called the loss of a certain usable area of the house, the risk of increasing humidity in the premises. But sometimes the owners cannot perform external thermal insulation. Then they should turn to the method, which will be discussed further. All processes assumed in this case are carried out in a certain order.
Work sequence:
1. Elimination of cracks in the walls and preparation of the working surface.
2. Arrangement of a vapor barrier layer.3. Installation of the frame under the facing coating.4. Laying heat-insulating materials and sealing gaps.5. Creation of finishing facing taking into account the requirements for ventilation.
The owner of a house made of timber must understand that thermal insulation must be approached comprehensively. In addition to wall insulation, it is also necessary to pay attention to eliminating gaps between window blocks and opening. Sometimes additional thermal insulation of slopes and window sills is required. If you solve all these problems competently and with the help of a suitable insulation, a wonderful microclimate will be established in a house made of timber.
Stages of warming a house from a bar from the inside
It is necessary to carry out work on the thermal insulation of a timber dwelling in order. Previously, the main stages were presented. Now consider each of them should be given more time.
1. Preparation and caulking of the walls
First of all, you should assess the condition of the walls. Checking the quality of the caulk is quite simple. To do this, you need to see if there are any gaps between the individual bars and at the locations of the corners of the building. If damage is found, it is required to remove dirt, clean dust. Further, the beam is covered antiseptic composition. The next task is caulking cracks.
A house made of timber must be caulked a year after it is built. Shrinkage of wood in any case leads to the formation of cracks. The sealing of defects is carried out with tow or jute. They are placed in places of gaps until they completely rest against an obstacle.
2. Vapor barrier device
With internal insulation of a log building, thermal insulation is located between materials that provide vapor barrier. But then there will be a need to provide additional ventilation so that the walls do not rot. To create a vapor barrier, a vapor barrier film is used. It must be placed with the smooth side against a wooden wall. Then the heat-insulating material will be well protected from damage, since the beam emits a certain amount of moisture. As a result of wetting, the insulation may rot. This is especially true for mineral wool.
3. The device of the lathing of the timber on the walls
In order to create the crate, materials of a different nature are used. For this, a bar or a metal profile is suitable. But in any case, corner posts are installed so that later it will be possible to mount the cladding as evenly as possible. Racks are placed strictly vertically, which is checked by level. It is necessary to install these elements at a distance that is 1.5 cm less than the width of the heat-insulating material used. If bars are used for battens, they must be coated with antiseptics and fire retardants.
4. Selection and installation of insulation in the structure
To determine good option heat insulator, you should first calculate your financial capabilities. The use of polystyrene foam or foam plastic will be cheaper. But internal thermal insulation with the help of such heaters can be unsafe. Therefore, it is much better if the owner stops at environmentally friendly materials. It can be, for example, ecowool or mineral wool.
Sheets of mineral wool are laid between the elements of the crate. To cut off the required piece from the roll, you first need to determine the height of the walls. You also need to remember that the width of the sheets should be 1.5 cm more than the distance between the racks of the crate. Otherwise, it will not be possible to tightly lay the mineral wool slabs.
If the owner is used modern materials for thermal insulation, additional attachment may not be required. A vapor barrier film is laid on the heat-insulating layer after its laying. You can fasten it with a stapler. It is important to ensure that the vapor barrier strips have an overlap of 15 cm. The joints between the sheets of material are glued with adhesive tape. It must be ensured that the vapor barrier is laid with the rough side towards the living space, and not vice versa.
5. Ventilation and wall decoration with drywall
Since the location of mineral or ecowool leads to an increase in air humidity in the room, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation. To do this, plasterboard panels or lining are fixed on the crate in such a way that they move away from the vapor barrier layer by 2-3 cm. This can be done if, after laying the mineral wool, additionally install bars with a section of 30 × 40 mm. They become the basis for the further installation of a false wall. To create even more good ventilation indoors, it is desirable to make an intensive exhaust with a blower fan. Then the humidity will not rise, and the risk of fungus will disappear.
Proper implementation of internal thermal insulation in a house made of timber will save the owners from many problems. Therefore, they need to approach the implementation of such an event as carefully as possible.
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How to choose the right section of the beam. To insulate or not a house from a bar?
Very often, before starting construction, you can hear the question: what section of the profiled timber to choose for the house? Here we can immediately say that it is quite difficult to unambiguously answer this question. For example, if it’s not particularly important for you personally how much to pay for heating, the cross section of the beam can be anything.
In addition, the thickness depends on the type of wood, since larch, spruce, cedar and other species differ significantly from each other in terms of thermal conductivity.
If you take glued laminated timber, it will be much warmer in structure than solid wood. New construction technologies are also emerging, which also provide their own answers to this question, so here each case needs to be analyzed separately.
What is the section of the beam, and in what buildings is it used?
Ric .1 common cross-sections of profiled timber
The minimum section of profiled timber used in construction is 100x100 mm, 100x150 mm. Material with such parameters is used for the construction of outbuildings various types, not intended for permanent residence, it is also suitable for building a bathhouse, a veranda, a gazebo and a summer house on suburban area.
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Ric .2 bath of profiled timber 100x150 mm
A bar with parameters of 150x150 mm is mainly used for the construction of seasonal houses and baths. This is the best option in terms of price and quality. In such a house it will be as comfortable as possible in the summer, and after additional insulation and year-round use.
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Ric .3 dacha of profiled timber 150x150 mm
As for winter houses and houses for permanent residence, in this case it is necessary to use a beam with a section from 150x150 mm to 200x200 mm. This is the thickest material, but it also costs a little more than the rest. But with such a bar you can save on insulation.
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Ric .4 winter house made of profiled timber 200x150 mm
What timber can be used for a winter house?
There are two main options here, depending on the wishes and financial capabilities of the Customer.
- If you do not plan to conduct any Finishing work from the outside of the house (siding with siding, a beam simulator, etc.), then it would be best to use a profiled beam with a section of 150x200 mm (or 200x200 mm).
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Ric .5 profiled timber wall 200x150 mm
If you are planning any future exterior finish, then it is quite possible to use a profiled beam with a section of 150x150 mm and subsequently compensate for the missing heat with the help of various kinds of heaters.
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Ric .6 house made of timber 150x150 mm before and after finishing
To insulate or not a house made of profiled timber?
The answer to this question depends on many factors: the climatic region of residence, the purpose of using the building, the specific section of the timber, as well as other nuances.
If you, for example, put summer house or a bath in a summer cottage and plan only seasonal use (from late spring to early autumn), then you can limit yourself to the minimum thickness of insulation or not use it at all.
But by insulating the house (in this case we are talking about the insulation of the house from the outside), you get a number of undeniable advantages that may compensate for all your costs for warming and finishing the house:
- significant increase in thermal insulation properties(insulation covers all possible cracks, cracks);
- protection of wood from the adverse effects of precipitation, temperature fluctuations, condensation(the material does not rot or mold);
- providing comfort and a favorable microclimate indoors(in the summer the house will be cool, and in the winter it will be warm);
- prevention of timber freezing and cracking(additional layers of insulation do not allow the timber to freeze completely);
- increase the life of a house or bath(it is much easier to change the facade decoration than to completely rebuild the house);
- reduction of heating and space heating costs(Insulated house cools down much more slowly).
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Ric .7 diagram of installation of insulation and finishing of a house from a bar
Warming the house from the inside is used quite rarely, as it has a number of disadvantages:
- reduced usable floor space;
- the beam remains unprotected from the adverse effects of precipitation;
- the outer walls of the house remain cold;
- possible formation of condensate at the junction of the wall with insulation.
As for the insulation technique, it will directly depend on each individual construction project, except that special attention should be paid to ventilation in the space between the insulation and the wall (for this, a certain indentation of the insulation from the wall is made). This solution will help to avoid excess moisture on wall structures.
Insulation plays an important role in home insulation. It must be strong, reliable and quality material which does not pass moisture and keeps heat well. It must be resistant to temperature extremes, humidity, fireproof. Also, it is very important that it is environmentally friendly and safe for health.
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Ric .8 main types of insulation used for home decoration
If you want to get a house that is perfect in every respect and not worry about whether it will be warm and comfortable for you in it, contact SvoyTeplyDom. Here, highly qualified specialists will help you decide, as well as advise what is best to use for the most comfortable stay.
How to insulate a wooden house from the inside?
Timber-framed houses have been gaining momentum lately. They are chosen not only for their low cost and environmental friendliness, but also for the fact that they can be built in a short time and at any time. convenient time(both winter and summer).
However, such buildings need additional thermal insulation, especially in our country, where the climate in winter is very severe in places.
Many, faced with such a problem, wondered if it was possible to insulate a house from a bar from the inside and how to do it correctly?
Before answering this question, it is necessary to understand the reasons for the penetration of cold air into the room. There may be several of them:
- Incorrect installation and selection of the thickness of the insulation contribute to the penetration of cold air into the room.
- Between the timber there are holes and cracks that formed during shrinkage or improper installation.
Stages of warming a house from a bar inside
The internal insulation of a house made of timber includes several stages:
- Room preparation.
- Alignment of all irregularities and holes.
- Vapor barrier.
- Frame.
- Insulation of a house from a bar from the inside with the help of materials.
- Ventilation.
- Decorating the rooms from the inside.
Preparing the room for insulation
Before you start insulating a house from a bar inside, you need to perform a number of preparatory work:
- cleaning all surfaces from dust and dirt (wallpaper, if any, should be removed);
- treat the surface with a special antiseptic solution (this must be done so that insects and mold do not appear);
- it is necessary to treat the surface with a solution that protects the tree from burning;
- all wiring that runs along the wall should be separated from the surface.
Wall processing
Crack sealing
At this stage, it is necessary to close all existing gaps, even the smallest ones, with jute fiber. The void is filled using a chisel. For large holes, tape tow is used.
On a note: If the house was just built, and no one lives in it, then it is necessary to close all the holes again in a year. If they live in the building, then this procedure can be carried out in a couple of years, since shrinkage is slower than in a non-residential building.
vapor barrier
The accumulation of moisture between the timber can lead to rotting of the wood. To avoid this, they create a barrier - a vapor barrier and waterproofing film, which is placed on the bar with a rough side. This must be done before you begin to insulate inside walls.
Thanks to the properly positioned vapor barrier / waterproofing film, moisture does not get on the wood.
Frame / crate
Racks are made in advance so that the corners get the desired shape. The length of the beam will be equal to the height of the room (section 5 × 10 cm).
Cut off another rail with the same length, but with a different section (5 × 5 cm). It is attached with self-tapping screws to the edge of the beam. The result is a design that resembles the letter "G".
It is worth noting that there should be exactly as many such racks as there are corners in the room. To keep the racks in the right position, use the level. Then, observing the distance between the rails of half a meter, install bars with a cross section of 5 × 5 cm vertically.
Insulation laying
Installation of insulation material
Mineral wool is used for thermal insulation. It is worth noting that the width of the insulation by a couple of centimeters should be greater than the gap between the bars.
With the help of anchors, during the laying process, the insulation is fixed to the wall.
Advice: For additional thermal insulation (that is, its improvement) put another layer of film.
Finishing work
A stapler is used to attach polyethylene to the bar. As soon as the film is fixed, they proceed to the decoration of the room.
Ventilation system
After thermal insulation, the humidity in the house will increase, so you should create a ventilation system: with its help, the microclimate will improve.
For this purpose, an attic is perfect, where you can place the entire ventilation system. In order for the air to begin to circulate, you can use a fan with a low power level.
In winter, it is necessary to turn on the fan daily for half an hour.
Insulation of the floor in a house from a bar from the inside
To reduce heat loss in wooden house floors need to be insulated. For this, mineral wool / polystyrene is used. If the floor is already covered, then it must be dismantled.
Important detail: After dismantling the floor, a rough coating is made from the base of the structure, on which polyethylene is placed. The gaps between the lags are sealed with insulating material.
If you are going to insulate with foam, then you first need to fill the gravel into the floor structure by forty centimeters, and then level it.
It will take about two weeks for the concrete to dry completely. After two weeks, a film is laid on the rough coating, and then foam.
ceilings
Foam plastic / mineral wool / expanded clay is used to insulate the ceiling.
However, despite the wide choice of thermal insulation material, most owners use sawdust. Such a heater is good because it has high environmental friendliness and low cost.
But before insulating the ceiling with it, it must be treated with an antiseptic solution. This way you can prevent the appearance of fungus. Also, this material is treated with antipyrine so that in case of fire, it does not catch fire.
To avoid the appearance of rodents, the sawdust should be dried well and lime should be added to them. This insulation is tightly laid in voids.
What should be considered when choosing a heater?
Range of insulation materials
To choose a heater that is as safe as possible for health, you need to pay attention to the combination of material with wood. The insulation must not only be well ventilated, but it must also be in harmony with the properties and vapor permeability of wood.
Attention: Many prefer foam. But, it is worth noting that such material does not pass moisture well, therefore, it is not worth using it for internal as well as external thermal insulation of the room (condensate will drip onto the tree, which will lead to rotting of the timber).
Despite the fact that basalt and fiberglass are non-natural materials, they have excellent vapor-permeable properties. In the presence of ventilation system moisture will not accumulate.
But it should be noted that such materials emit harmful substances which enter the room during ventilation. As a result, a person breathes them. Of course, if you install a film, then no harmful particles will enter the room, but the beneficial microclimate of the tree will also disappear.
As for flax fiber and fiberboard, they are best combined with the properties of wood.
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