Stages of work on the insulation of the loggia balcony. How to insulate a balcony with your own hands: from a refrigerator to a warm island

20.06.2020

Loggia insulation can be due to several reasons: insulation of the entire room or conversion into a functional workroom.

To keep the heat in the apartment, many factors are taken into account, such as the side on which the loggia faces, what building materials the house was made of, whether the neighbors' loggias are glazed.

To insulate the loggia, a variety of heaters are used: from the simplest to high-tech foamed insulation. Due to the fact that the loggias have a small area, in order to save space, it is better to give preference to thinner, compact and lightweight materials. A heater with a width of at least 3 cm is used. If the loggia is combined with a room or kitchen, then the thickness of the insulation increases to 5 cm.

Materials for warming the loggia

The following materials can be used as a heater:

To insulate the loggia, we need

insulation;
facing material;
mounting foam;
glue;
floor leveling compound
waterproofing materials or mixtures;
wooden slats;
metallized tape;
dowels;
nails;
wide head screws.

Other additional materials may be used depending on the finish.

We will need the following tools:

electric drill;
perforator with a drill;
hammer;
construction knife;
building level;
brush or roller;
spatulas.

When insulating, it is important to choose the right insulation so that there is a feeling of dryness and there is no problem emerging condensate in a sheltered loggia. The insulation must have a low thermal conductivity, which affects the determination of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer. Must have breathability and moisture resistance.

The sequence of work when warming the loggia

It is necessary to clean the walls, floor and ceiling of the loggia from old facing materials. Large gaps in concrete loggias should be covered with concrete mix.

Glazing

Installation of double-glazed windows, preferably two-chamber. It can be aluminum profiles, PVC profiles, windows from natural wood. Requires special attention window sill installation, since the front wall is the coldest place. The width of the window sill must be calculated before ordering it. To do this, you need to know the thickness of the insulation and the thickness of the facing material, also add 10 mm to the bumps.

Loggia preparation

If required, then dismantle the old balcony door and windows, in case of combining a loggia with a room. For a wider opening, part of the wall is knocked out. It must be remembered that the association of the loggia is redevelopment, therefore, all actions must be coordinated with BTI.

Check the walls and floor again. All holes must be filled mounting foam. After the foam has dried, a lubricating waterproofing must be applied to the lower part of the walls.
Floor leveling. Use cement-sand mixtures.
Waterproofing to protect against moisture.

Floors, walls and ceiling are sheathed waterproofing material, such as roofing felt or expanded polyethylene film. This is necessary so that condensation does not accumulate on the heat-insulating material. The roofing material is overlapped, glued to the base, gluing the joints with gas burner. Instead of roofing felt and film, penetrating waterproofing is used, which is a thick mixture. It is applied with a roller or brush. You can also use polyurethane, painting mastics.

Floor insulation

The floor should be warm, durable and light. There are several options for insulation:

the floor surface can be covered with expanded clay and make a screed;
instead of expanded clay, heat-insulating material (pressed foam, extruded polystyrene foam) can be glued to the floor, a gypsum fiber sheet can be glued on top;
set wooden logs, place the selected insulation in the empty space, then nail the tongue-and-groove boards onto the logs;

Wall and ceiling insulation

The choice of the method of laying the thermal insulation material depends on the subsequent finishing. If the front finish is in the form plasters and paints, then either gluing is used, or plastic fasteners are used when installing the insulation. If the front finish will be used drywall or lining, then the installation takes place with the help of fasteners. The foam slab is applied to the wall from the corner, a hole is drilled with an electric drill. Plastic fasteners are hammered into these holes, then the anchors are driven into the center of the caps. Foam boards are better put in a run so that the plates are staggered. This avoids displacement and improves the insulation properties around the perimeter of the ceiling and walls.

sheathing finishing material. For sheathing, you can use moisture-resistant drywall, rack or wooden lining, Wall panels. Between facing material and leave a layer of insulation air in 1.5cm with the help of an attached wooden crate, which is attached to concrete wall self-tapping screws. Attached to this frame chosen veneer: drywall, lining. When facing with drywall, the joints between the plates are sealed with putty. They also use a glass mesh with small cells. The ceiling can be made suspended, under which hide wiring.

Lays on the floor flooring. It can be a euroboard up to 4 mm thick. Many people prefer to install linoleum or carpet after installation. wood flooring. When the option of floor insulation using a concrete screed is used, then the system is installed electric floor heating. No central heating allowed building codes. Or use heaters and electric fireplaces for heating. At individual heating can be installed indoors radiator under the window sill on the loggia.

Installation of skirting boards, sockets and switches.

Thus, the insulation of the loggia will depend on the goal pursued and on available budget.

Video instruction for warming the loggia

We warm the balcony from the inside correctly. 6 stages of work

Creating a favorable microclimate on the loggia involves not only wall insulation, the entire space must be airtight. The floor and ceiling surfaces are also sheathed with a material with a low degree of thermal conductivity. In our article, you will learn how to properly insulate a balcony from the inside.

The choice of heat insulator

Advantages and disadvantages are inherent in each type of thermal insulation. In order to choose the most suitable insulation, you should compare the main characteristics of heat insulators.

The most common options for heat insulators:

Extruded polystyrene foam (penoplex);
Foamed polyethylene (penofol);
Polyurethane foam (PPU);
Styrofoam;
Mineral wool.

Mineral wool

The thickness of the sheets varies from 2 to 20 cm. Mineral wool is divided into three types, depending on the components of the raw materials:

Device example mineral wool on the loggia. The material is placed in the prepared structure. The frame for mounting can be made of metal profiles or wooden bars.

Manufacturers produce cotton wool in the form of mats and soft rolls. In some cases, one side is covered with foil. Aluminum foil improves the level of thermal insulation.

The main disadvantage is that moisture acts destructively, a vapor barrier device is necessary.

Polymer-based insulation

Penoplex, polyurethane foam, polystyrene, foamed polyethylene are polymers treated with foamed compounds.

Advantages:

The presence of gas bubbles provides not only good level thermal insulation, but light weight plates;
High degree of moisture resistance;
The materials are durable;
Antifungal resistance;
Simplicity and convenience when laying plates or sheets, as well as rolls (polyethylene foam);
An economical repair option, subject to the choice of foam as a heater.

Main disadvantage: support the spread of flame in a fire, emit harmful substances in the process of combustion.

When choosing foam and other materials based on polymers, it is necessary to correctly select the thickness of the plates and determine the density

1. Styrofoam sheets

Insulator plates (expanded polystyrene) in the process of laying.

Styrofoam refers to budget methods loggia insulation, however, it is considered a rather fragile material, so a crate is required for installation. A worthy replacement is extruded polystyrene foam; its installation does not require the creation of a special frame.

2. Penoplex

Extruded polystyrene foam boards (thickness 50 mm) are used as insulation. The seams between the elements are sealed with mounting foam. Penoplex is attached with the help of special dish-shaped dowels ("fungi").

3. Penofol

The material is used as a separate heat insulator, and with the help of penofol it is possible to provide a vapor barrier of expanded polystyrene. Due to the foil side, warm air is reflected and retained in the room.

In order to speed up the insulation of the structure, you can use alternative method thermal insulation - spraying polyurethane foam (PPU).

4. Polyurethane foam

PPU is one of the most modern heat insulators. The cost of application services is considered high compared to other analogues, but many have managed to evaluate the performance properties of polyurethane foam. This heater is characterized high performance thermal insulation, due to the finely porous structure.

The main stages of work on the insulation of the loggia space

In order to increase the usable area in your home and operate the premises all year round necessary:

1. Close the gaps, if any. Carefully study the room to eliminate all design flaws. As a rule, the gaps are filled with mounting foam, even if they are of a significant size.

After complete drying, it is necessary to trim the excess.

2. Glazing with reliable double-glazed windows.

3. Arrange a waterproofing layer. To protect against moisture, waterproofing with penetrating properties is used - Penetron, Aquaton, etc. The composition is applied with a roller, brush, or sprayed. Such impregnation penetrates into the thickness, so the walls become maximally resistant to adverse weather, and strength characteristics are improved.

5. Installation of a vapor barrier layer. In order to make a vapor barrier, special polymer membranes (“breathing”) should be used, as well as films “Rockwool”, “Izospan”, penofol.

Balcony decoration

Purposes of creation interior decoration:

External masking of the heat insulator;
Organization of a favorable internal environment in the room.

To create an interior balcony, you can choose various options finishes. Plaster, plastic panels, MDF, lining, plywood, plasterboard sheets and even a block house are perfect for the finishing layer.

The lining panels are environmentally friendly and reliable. One of the main advantages of the finishing material is rigidity. The lining is fixed on a wooden frame crate.

The walls of the loggia are lined with clapboard, the flooring is laminate.

Facing the balcony with a block house.

The plastic panels have grooves for connecting elements. Plastic variant lining has less rigidity and strength than wood.

Installation of GKLV sheets on metal profiles. Plasterboard slabs can be decorated with wallpaper, painted, or lined with decorative plaster.

Wall decoration with wallpaper over GKLV sheets.

Bamboo wallpaper. The base for finishing is drywall.

Video

1. The result of warming the loggia.

Glazed balcony. Demonstration electrical outlets. Testing the strength of extruded polystyrene foam. The use of foam plastic with a thickness of 30 and 50 mm, wall finishing with putty. Concrete screed floor over insulation boards.

2. Stages repair work on the balcony.

Sequential process of arranging the premises. Scheme of thermal insulation of walls with polystyrene foam and foamed polyethylene, finishing - plastic panels. Floor: leveling, thermal insulation, sheathing OSB board, installation of laminate lamellas.

How to insulate a balcony with your own hands: from a refrigerator to a warm island

To begin with, it is worth saying that there are two ways to insulate a balcony - from the inside and outside. External insulation, of course, is more convenient - precious centimeters of the area are not “eaten up”, and the cladding of the balcony facade becomes more pleasant. But this is a laborious process that requires the involvement of a construction team and industrial climbers. Therefore, in the article we will focus on how to properly insulate a balcony in an apartment from the inside - this can be done independently.

For insulation inside the balcony, first of all, it is necessary to carry out preparatory work. They include several important steps:

How to start warming a loggia or balcony? Free up space from all unnecessary. It is best if the balcony is completely empty: it is much easier to work this way. Also, get rid of the old finish in advance.
Seal all the cracks - a lot of heat escapes through them. For small gaps, a weather-resistant sealant is suitable, fill larger gaps with mounting foam - it will not only fill the voids, but also serve as an additional heat insulator.
To make it easier for you to carry out work on insulation, it is important to even out cracks and irregularities on the walls and ceiling with cement mortar.
If you plan to place light bulbs or lighting fixtures on the balcony, you should take care of the wiring in advance. To hide unpresentable cables, place them in plastic boxes.
Before starting work, cover the opening between the balcony and the adjacent room with a film so that building dust and other pollutants do not get into the apartment.

Is it possible to insulate a balcony in winter? Yes, you can. Only when working in winter, it is necessary to choose frost-resistant materials, in particular mounting foam.

How to insulate a balcony: what materials are better to choose

To understand how to insulate a loggia or balcony, let's first figure out what properties the materials should have:

high strength;
fire safety;
water resistance;
environmental friendliness;
relatively low cost;
ease of installation (if we want to do all the work with our own hands).

Most often, mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polystyrene, etc. are used for insulation. Sometimes several of these materials are combined. We have reflected the pros and cons of each heat insulator in the table:

What is the best insulation for a balcony? The answer to this question depends on your preferences and financial capabilities. You can read more about the characteristics of heaters, as well as about the insulation of an apartment as a whole, in our blog.

How to properly insulate a balcony inside: the choice of insulation

Having completed the insulation of the balcony, you can achieve 2 goals at once: expand the living space and improve the degree of thermal insulation of the apartment. It is most correct to produce external insulation, but here you can not do without the services of industrial climbers and the corresponding costs. Warming the balcony from the inside will be much cheaper, especially if you do it yourself.

How to insulate the balcony inside

The positive result of the work performed is considered equally comfortable temperature inside the room and the adjacent balcony. It makes no sense to invest effort and money in insulation that does not protect against the penetration of cold onto the balcony and forces you to tightly close the doors leading to the loggia in winter.

Here, the type of insulation used and its thickness, as well as compliance with the technology of work, play an important role.

As a rule, for internal insulation of balconies is used:

foamed polystyrene with a density of 25-35 kg / m 3, otherwise - foam;
mineral wool based on basalt fiber 80-110 kg / m 3 density;
extruded polystyrene foam (one of its varieties is penoplex).

Note! For additional thermal insulation, thin foil insulation made of polyethylene foam - Izolon or Penofol - is often laid on the main layer.

In addition to the above insulators, there is another insulating material - ecowool, made from cellulose waste. In other words, waste paper. The rules for handling it and the installation technology are used the same as with basalt wool. Ecowool is not very popular due to its high cost.

Brief description of heaters

Styrofoam is the cheapest material for insulation, produced in the form of plates of various thicknesses.

Like all foamed polymers, it repels moisture well and has sufficient strength (at the specified density). It is characterized by high resistance to heat transfer and flammability, which requires protection from accidental sparks.

The thickness of the foam for insulation of the balcony in the northern regions should be at least 100 mm, in the southern regions 50 mm may be enough.

Unlike polystyrene, mineral wool does not burn at all, but it is able to absorb moisture, after which its thermal conductivity rises sharply. The problem is solved with the help of protective layers of special films, which will be discussed later.

The heat transfer resistance of mineral wool is not too high, so it makes no sense to use a material with a thickness of less than 80 mm. Insulation is offered in rolls and plates, and at a price it will cost more than polystyrene.

Advice! Do not insulate the balcony with fiberglass-based wool (glass wool) intended for outdoor or roofing work. The use of such materials inside residential premises is unacceptable.

The best option for internal insulation of a balcony is extruded polystyrene foam, sold in slabs.

Expanded polystyrene is durable, lightweight and has the best thermal insulation properties.

Where it is necessary to lay mineral wool 100 mm thick, 50 mm of foam plastic will suffice.

In addition, the polymer absolutely does not allow moisture to pass through and is so strong that the plate can be screwed on with self-tapping screws if necessary. There is only one drawback - the high price of the material, which is offset by the long service life of the material - up to 50 years.

Balcony insulation technology from the inside

To carry out thermal insulation on the balcony, you must carefully prepare. This includes not only the purchase of materials and the preparation of tools, but also the implementation of a number of preliminary works:

The device of a reliable parapet. 2 types of structures are practiced: a welded metal frame with fastening to the wall or masonry from foam blocks. How to strengthen the parapet - read here.
Installation of metal-plastic or wooden windows. Sometimes the balcony is made panoramic by installing metal-plastic blocks to the full height, without a parapet. Then it remains to insulate only the floors and ceiling.
Elimination of all cracks and leaks leading to the street, removal of excess mounting foam.
Laying electrical wiring for lighting, as well as drainage and lines with freon to the outdoor unit of the air conditioner (if any).

Before insulating the balcony inside, you need to level all surfaces, removing obvious influxes or filling up cavities and cracks with mortar.

Interior wall decoration

The technology of do-it-yourself balcony wall insulation depends on the design of the parapet and the heat-insulating material used. It is better to sheathe a metal frame, finished on the outside with plastic or corrugated board, with 2 layers of thermal insulation so that the second row of insulation covers all metal racks that are cold bridges. Moreover, from the outside, between the cladding and the insulation, a windproof film should be laid.

When insulating a balcony with mineral wool, it is necessary to use not an ordinary film, but a diffusion membrane as a windscreen. It will let the moisture that occurs in the thickness of the cotton wool out, but will not let it get wet from precipitation or fog on the street. For polystyrene and expanded polystyrene, the use of a membrane is not necessary; a regular film is also suitable.

To fix the mineral wool, you will need to assemble with your own hands an additional wooden frame made of bars, whose width is equal to the thickness of the insulation. The step between the bars is selected according to the width of the material, the latter is inserted between them by surprise. At the last stage, the heat-insulating layer is covered with a vapor barrier film, after which the frame is sewn up with clapboard or drywall.

ceiling lining

A foam block parapet and a balcony ceiling can be insulated in 3 ways:

If you plan to paint or wallpaper at the end, then the method of gluing the slab insulation with a building mixture is suitable. Warming, accompanied by "wet" processes, is carried out only in the warm season at positive temperatures.
For plasterboard sheathing or similar finishing, you will have to attach wooden blocks to the walls and ceiling, and roll or board material put between them.
When insulated with polystyrene foam, the plates can be fixed directly to the walls and ceiling with dowels. After that, the surfaces are leveled with putty and painted, or a crate is placed by fixing the bars to the foam blocks or concrete through the insulation. Lining, plastic, drywall and other finishes of your choice are calmly attached to the crate.

Note! For fastening the crate to concrete ceiling through polystyrene foam must be used special screws on concrete - frame dowels.

When insulating a balcony with mineral wool without wooden frame not enough. Cotton wool can also be glued, but it is quite difficult to plaster it with your own hands. The best way- insert it between the beams attached to the wall and ceiling, protect it with a vapor barrier and line it with a suitable material.

The gluing method is convenient when working with foam plastic, but after 2 days it must be additionally fixed with dowel umbrellas and a plaster layer applied over the fiberglass mesh.

Video:

Floor insulation

The technology of thermal insulation of balcony floors differs from walls and ceilings, since the “pie” of insulation must bear certain dynamic loads and have a flat surface. Alignment is carried out by laying wooden lag, between which a heater is laid, and a finishing coating is laid on top. The sequence of actions is as follows:

cut wooden beam on the crossbars along the width of the balcony and fix them to the floor with anchors or self-tapping screws and dowels using steel corners.
Fasten 3 longitudinal logs to the crossbars on self-tapping screws. In the process, they must be aligned horizontally, starting from the highest point. Using the building level, the beams at the intersection with the crossbars should be raised and plastic or wooden wedges should be placed.
Between the crossbars and the log, lay the insulation tightly. In the case of mineral wool, a vapor barrier must be laid on top of it.
Lay a floor covering with fastening to the logs.

Note! Some craftsmen practice insulation of the balcony floor with polystyrene foam without installing a log. The method is unsuccessful, since it will be difficult to bring the surface of the floors to one level. See floor leveling instructions here.

It is characteristic that the length of the crossbars and the log does not need to be adjusted to the dimensions of the balcony. It would be more correct to make them shorter by 10-20 mm so that the ends do not rest against the walls. Wood has the ability to "breathe" and deform a little; with a tight fit, the floor surface may later arch.

Moreover, walking on such floors will be accompanied by an annoying creak. The resulting gaps near the walls will hide under flooring and become invisible.

Using plate heaters it is worth choosing the step of the crossbars correctly so that you do not have to cut the plates once again. The standard width is 600 mm, and you need to focus on it. After laying foam or expanded polystyrene, all joints and cracks must be filled with mounting foam.

Useful instructional video:

Mineral wool is protected with a vapor barrier as tightly as possible so that moisture from inside the room cannot seep into it. Here, too, you can use foamed polyethylene such as Penofol, but pay special attention to gluing the joints.

If you seriously and scrupulously approach the procedure for internal insulation of a balcony, then it is not at all necessary to hire craftsmen and pay them money, which is never superfluous. You will spend twice as much time to complete the work, but you will do everything with high quality and in accordance with personal wishes. In addition, save money for the family budget.

Each homeowner in a standard high-rise building It is well known that there is no extra space in an apartment. Therefore, the opportunity to get an extra room due to the existing loggia attracts many.

There are many options for such a reconstruction, but the most popular is the insulation of the loggia. After such a reconstruction, the owners of the apartment have the opportunity to use it at any time of the year.

Insulation of the loggia allows you to make the most efficient use of living space your apartment.

The technology of warming the loggia and its finishing is not too complicated, so many of those who liked this idea start to implement it with their own hands, without resorting to the help of professional builders.

Preparing to insulate the loggia, first of all, you should decide for what purpose its area will be used. It should only be borne in mind that if the reconstruction is planned in order to combine the loggia with the premises adjacent to it, then this will already be considered a redevelopment of the apartment. Therefore, this option requires mandatory approval by the BTI authorities. If the goal of warming the loggia is to get a small cozy room without violating the standard layout of the premises, then all the work necessary to preserve heat can be performed without obtaining accompanying documents. Having minimal construction skills, step by step performing all the necessary work, home master quite capable of insulating the loggia with his own hands. Balcony insulation technologies do not have any special differences.

You should first purchase tools, without which it is impossible to install the loggia insulation:

plumb;
roulette;
electric drill;
screwdriver;
scissors for metal (when used as a drywall finish);
pliers and side cutters.

The first step towards achieving the goal is usually considered the glazing of the loggia. To do this, use plastic or wooden structures. However, before you start installing them, you will have to do some preparatory work. Most loggias, even if the design of the house provides for the presence of side walls, have only a metal fence in the front. This means that before insulating the loggia, it is necessary to lay the parapet, and if there are no side walls, then they will also have to be erected. This work must be done with great precision. If you do not have the skills to lay bricks or blocks with your own hands, then it is better to use the services of professionals. When erecting a parapet and side walls, you can use materials such as foam blocks, or you can make masonry from ceramic brick lightweight brand.

Another important nuance should be taken into account during preparatory work: if there are leaks on the walls and ceiling of the loggia, then they must be eliminated before installing the insulation. As a rule, leaks appear in the area of \u200b\u200binterpanel seams, so it is necessary to seal them. This work needs to be done not only inside seam, but also outside, sealing the floor surface of the upper loggia or visor adjacent to the roof. Only after the completion of work on sealing the seams, you can proceed to the next stages of turning the loggia into a do-it-yourself additional room apartments.

Installation of double-glazed windows on the loggia

The glazing of the loggia is the first step from which the work begins, which is necessary to obtain the possibility of using its area, regardless of the outside temperature, that is, all year round. Modern wooden windows with double-glazed windows will perfectly fulfill their assigned role. However, the cost of high-quality eurowindows with frames made of wood significantly exceeds the price of their counterparts made of plastic. This is the main reason for choosing for glazing. plastic structures based on double-glazed windows. For better conservation heat, you can use double-glazed windows, consisting of three chambers. The order of plastic structures, as well as their subsequent installation, should be approached responsibly. It is better to order them in a company that has own production operating on modern technologies.

Such companies receive components for the manufacture of plastic structures from manufacturers well known in the construction market for the quality of their products. It is not worth saving on the installation of double-glazed windows. With their own hands, only those who have experience in such work will be able to qualitatively perform this step of warming the loggia. It is better to use the services of a company where double-glazed windows were ordered. Usually they offer the services of a measurer and experienced installers of plastic structures. If the loggia is located on the side of the house that is constantly lit by the sun, then direct sunlight becomes an annoying factor.

To protect from the sun, as well as from prying eyes, the installation of tinted double-glazed windows is used, which makes it possible to do without the use of blinds or curtains. Finished work on the installation of glazing can be considered after processing all the seams with mounting foam. The cured foam is protected from the harmful rays of the sun with the help of sealants. The protection looks great with special components - flashings, which not only protect the foam from the sun, but also give the structure an aesthetic look.

https://youtu.be/WsKJtm2Oee0

Insulation of the ceiling and walls

Installation of glazing will not be able to make the loggia warm, double-glazed windows will only increase the temperature inside it by several degrees, relative to the air temperature outside the window. To obtain the desired effect, it is necessary to insulate all elements of the loggia that come into contact with the outside air. There is a technology for insulating a loggia, proven in practice, so the room should be insulated, strictly following every step recommended by the manufacturers of materials that are heaters. To obtain high-quality thermal insulation of walls and ceilings, made by hand, there are several types of insulation.

However, with the advent of such a high-quality and affordable insulation as penoplex, home craftsmen prefer this particular material, which allows the creation of a high-quality thermal insulation system with their own hands. It is very convenient to work with penoplex, since the shape of the panels in the form of which it is produced ensures their tight fit to each other. Even under conditions cold winter it is quite enough to use a heater 50 mm thick.

The procedure for installing insulation

The first step in the installation of thermal insulation will be the treatment of all insulated surfaces of the loggia with waterproofing mastic. This process ensures that moisture does not reach the surface, which can cause fungus and mold. The next step is the installation of foam panels attached directly to the wall. To ensure the best fit of the panels to the wall, it is recommended to glue them with a special adhesive. The use of glue will facilitate the further fastening of the panels with your own hands using plastic fasteners.

Plastic fasteners for foam plastic consist of two parts: a dowel and a plastic cap that provides pressure to the panel. The length of the fasteners must be at least 80 mm. All seams are carefully filled with mounting foam. The surface of the ceiling is insulated in the same way. Another mandatory step in creating excellent quality thermal insulation is the laying of the next layer of material on the surface of the panels, which is both an additional insulation and a vapor barrier.

Such material is penofol, produced by manufacturers in the form of a sheet consisting of a layer of foamed polyethylene, on one side covered with foil. Thanks to the foil coating, penofol reflects heat, preventing it from leaving the room, and the closed pores of the material prevent moisture from penetrating to the first layer of insulation. Install penofol with foil in inner part loggia premises. This material is very easy to install with your own hands. You can purchase a self-adhesive version that has a higher cost, or you can install it using double-sided tape. Penofol is mounted end-to-end, and then all joints are glued with aluminum tape. This material should not be overlapped.

Exterior wall and ceiling finishes

Since, after insulation, the loggia is actually the usual room of the apartment, the most diverse ways of finishing it are possible. The most popular way of finishing with your own hands is to cover the walls and ceiling of the loggia with plastic panels, as they are not affected by ultraviolet radiation, unlike lining made of vinyl. Plastic panels are available in various colors, so choosing a color that matches the taste of the homeowner is not difficult. Do-it-yourself installation of plastic panels is carried out in a standard way.

The first step is the installation of the frame, for which a dry wooden beam is used. The beam is attached to the wall over the insulation layer using dowels and self-tapping screws. An intermediate step in this process is laying the wiring and preparing the site for installing fixtures and switches. Then, carefully, step by step, the panels themselves are mounted on the frame. This process is simple, since the panels are easily connected to each other, thanks to their design provided by the manufacturers. The resulting air gap between the insulation and plastic panels becomes a factor that improves thermal insulation. Some masters prefer the option of finishing with drywall. The work process is similar to the installation of panels, only the first step is the manufacture of a frame from metal profile and the drywall used is moisture resistant. For finishing drywall, paint is most often used to cover it.

Floor insulation in the loggia

The technology of floor insulation when finishing a loggia has its own characteristics. The first step in the process of insulation is the implementation of a leveling screed. Its purpose is to receive flat surface necessary for a better fit of the insulation. After the screed is ready and it dries completely, the next step is to install the insulation. It is mounted in the same way as the walls and ceiling were insulated. Also, step by step, layers of insulation are installed and fixed. All joints are foamed, and then another screed is made, at least 5 cm thick.

This step in the manufacture of an insulated floor is best done using a reinforcing mesh. Since it is forbidden to install heating batteries in the loggia room, it is possible to install an electric floor heating before completing work. by the most in a simple way, which is at the same time the final step in warming the loggia, is the installation of a heating cable in a parquet board specially made for this purpose.

In order for the loggia to turn into a functional room for work or leisure, a number of activities are required that transform the extension into a room. Since many balconies are originally just technical rooms, work can take a long time. Ultimately, they all come down to thermal insulation. Let's take a closer look at the insulation of the loggia.

The problem of choosing materials

Loggia insulation involves the use of high-quality insulators, both rolled and extruded. These include penofol, polystyrene, penoplex. Quite often, several materials are used simultaneously. In this case, disputes often arise, which is better, ordinary foam or foam?

By by and large, the materials are almost identical to each other. The difference lies in the technology of work. Let's say ordinary polystyrene is characterized by greater vapor permeability. The difference also lies in the thickness: for foam plastic, it may be smaller, which in some way saves the usable space of the room.

With regard to the service life, the foam retains performance for 80 years and longer, and the foam plastic is able to function up to 160 years. Finally, loggias insulated with penoplex have a great property of self-extinguishing in case of fire.

Main stages

We will write detailed instructions for warming the loggia with our own hands. First, glazing. It is best suited for this design, made of plastic.

Double-glazed windows must be used as windows.

This stage also includes the installation of extension type additional profiles. Before the installation of double-glazed windows, the parapet is laid, as well as the construction of side walls - foam blocks or light bricks (silicate, ceramics).

Before insulating the loggia, it is necessary to carefully check the mounting seams located along the perimeter of the window block. Inside, they should be treated with special foam. Outside - close with "flashings" made of plastic or "facade sealant". All this is necessary to prevent the destruction of the foam surface and negative influence moisture from the street. Secondly - directly thermal insulation.

Laying the insulator

Installation of insulating materials is carried out after full glazing with all preparatory activities. The installation process itself is not too complicated. Styrofoam or foam boards are glued to the wall, covered with different protective compounds, are doweled. Then comes the turn of finishing the walls of the loggia.

For finishing in the case of foam, materials such as aquapanels, VGKL and GVL are suitable. After their installation, the wall can be covered with wallpaper or perform other work focused on comfortable and aesthetic living.

Bilateral insulation

Sometimes it is necessary to insulate the loggia on both sides, for example, on the parapets. The problem is that it is not always possible to make a normal insulation layer from the outside - too laborious work. Basically, double insulation for a loggia is used when they want to create a layer of the desired thickness without losing the usable space of the room.

It is not so important whether the insulating layer is inseparable or interrupted in thickness. The main thing is that a vapor barrier layer is located on the inside. The loggia area savings can be calculated based on the fact that the insulation of the partition and concrete slab equal to 5 cm, and the outer part - 10 cm.

Loggia insulation technology as an insulator provides for both foam plastic and plates made of stone wool. The thickness of such products is 5 cm. Products are mounted in the extension frame, which, in turn, is stuffed along the parapet. Further, the insulation is protected by a vapor barrier and sheathed with a finishing material.

Thermal protection of concrete floor

To properly insulate the concrete floor, you can use the laying on the logs. At the beginning of the process, waterproofing is installed, and the logs are placed directly on it. An insulator is laid between the frame elements, and a vapor barrier is laid on top of it. At the very end, cladding is done.

So, the instructions for insulating the loggia include the following processes: installing a window block, preparing, installing heat insulators and finishing. The last step is to introduce a heating source and lighting fixtures.

The simplest insulation of balconies and loggias turned into living rooms is the installation of a heater powered by the mains. But it is not economical. It is much more expedient to use, for example, a floor heating system.

When implementing the "warm floors" system, thermal insulation will definitely be required.

In the presence of insulation, the solution covering the products has every chance of cracking.

warm wall

By analogy with gender, there are. It's really possible to make them. To do this, the previously mentioned heating mats are taken and attached to the wall surface. When laying products, it is necessary to ensure that there are no kinks in the corners that can harm the electrical cable.

Bending at a right angle is not allowed. In addition, uneven laying of tile mixture with voids is not allowed. Subsequently, such a careless attitude to installation causes overheating - this method does not make the space safe to live in.

In some cases, additional work is required, which is performed in advance. Among them, it is worth highlighting the laying of the parapet and the creation of side wall structures. For this, materials from ceramic bricks or foam blocks are used.

Professional Option

A professional scheme represents how to insulate a loggia using extruded foam at least 3 cm thick. In colder regions, the indicator fluctuates between 4-5 cm. It is the foam that is the first layer of the thermal insulation system. It is mounted to the wall with plastic dowels.

After installation of extruded boards, seams and junction areas are treated with mounting foam. A foam gun is well suited for these purposes - its use eliminates the appearance of hidden cavities. This is important because empty mounting joints pose a risk to the entire system.

Second layer

Penofol is laid on top of the penoplex with foil inside. As a result, the material solves two important tasks - additional thermal insulation and vapor protection. If the penofol is not installed correctly, air will begin to penetrate into the area where the insulator connects to the wall.

It is important to remember one nuance, how to properly insulate the loggia - the installation of penofol should not be overlapped. The best option is end-to-end installation, and the joints are well glued with aluminum adhesive tape.

To prevent "cold bridges" from appearing, the material cannot be attached in areas where the wall is connected to the floor or ceiling, the corners of the loggia.

Preparation for glazing

Proper insulation of balconies and loggias involves the removal of all cracks and gaps in the parapet, floor and ceiling. It is problematic to cope with this with your own hands, so it is better to work "with four hands". The step by step instructions are:

a galvanized sheet of suitable dimensions is selected;
The "patch" is located outside the parapet and is fixed with self-tapping screws.

This should be done with all gaps. The smallest cracks can be filled with mounting foam. After that, a frame should be welded from a metal corner with a cross section of 5 mm, on which window frames will be fixed. This frame is attached to the railing of an existing metal fence with self-tapping screws or dowels. When erecting a new parapet, one brickwork is built at a horizontal level.

Many residents of apartment buildings face the problem of lack of square meters. An excellent solution to this problem could be self-insulation loggias. This is a painstaking task, requiring certain construction skills and time from the performer. However, the end result is worth it. A warm balcony expands the possibilities of using the space, “ennobles” the living space and can become the pride of the home master.

The need for insulation of the loggia

Each apartment owner decides for himself how to use the additional square meters of the loggia. Some equip a pantry or workshop on the balcony, others operate the premises more rationally - they create " winter Garden or a private room. The insulated loggia can be converted into a cozy place to relax, work, a compact gym or an area for children's creativity.

In addition, the insulated balcony solves a number of problems:

the heat loss of the room and the cost of heating the apartment are reduced;
reduces the risk of mold on the walls of the balcony.

You can perform external or internal insulation. Obvious advantages of the external method:

the usable area is not “eaten up”;
simplification of interior wall decoration.

A significant advantage of internal insulation is the ability to perform work independently without hiring workers.

The choice of thermal insulation material

As a heater, various thermal insulation materials are used, ranging from traditional, inexpensive, to modern high-tech ones. To insulate the loggia from the inside, it is better to use thin, lightweight materials. Thanks to their small width, it will save usable space.

Consider the characteristics of the main heat-insulating materials for warming the loggia / balcony.

Foil polyethylene foam - a layer of foil is applied on one side of the polyethylene, which reflects the IF radiation and “throws” heat flows back. Insulation characteristics:

roll width - 1 m, thickness - 2-5 cm;
ease of installation - the polyethylene foam sheet is easily cut with a knife;
laying method - end-to-end or overlap;
the efficiency of thermal insulation is almost doubled;
the material is used to insulate the ceiling and walls.

Loggia insulation: step-by-step instruction. The use of penofol

Mineral wool has good thermal insulation qualities and affordable cost. However, experts do not recommend using this material for warming the loggia for a number of reasons:

poor moisture resistance - mineral wool absorbs liquid, so you will have to further strengthen the waterproofing;
when using mineral wool, arrangement is required natural ventilation- a gap must be left above the insulation, which “hides” the area of \u200b\u200ba balcony a little;
for facing the loggia, it will be necessary to reinforce the wall and carry out additional measures.

Styrofoam - foamed plastic of various densities. The bulk of the material is gas. Polyfoam has the following characteristics:

plate size - 1 * 1 m;
insulation thickness 2-10 cm;
foam density - 15 or 25 kg / sq. cm;
durability.

Extruded polystyrene foam (penoplex) is a modern heat insulator that resembles polystyrene, but has a stronger structure and functionality. Expanded polystyrene properties:

plates rectangular shape 1200*600mm;
thickness - 2-10 cm;
foam density - 35-45 kg / sq. cm;
vapor tightness;
frost resistance;
plates have a chamfer for more dense laying;
light weight and easy installation;
flammability class - G-1;
material is not used in open places where UV rays penetrate.

Do-it-yourself loggia insulation: step by step instructions. Photo of installation of penoplex

Methods for fixing insulation

The choice of insulation method, first of all, depends on the heat-insulating material used and the further wall decoration.

Insulation under putty and plaster is suitable when using foam or polystyrene foam. Thermal insulation panels are glued to the base with tile adhesive. Plates are additionally fixed with dowel fungi. You can start plastering / puttying the walls or ceiling one day after the installation of the insulation.

Foiled polyethylene foam is laid under the base of the frame. It does not matter how the profiles are attached - to the wall or by means of U-shaped fasteners. Penofol sheets are applied to the ceiling / wall of the loggia and fixed with rails. In this case, overlapping is acceptable, and the connecting strip can be glued with adhesive tape.

Insulation under the base of the frame is possible only when using a thin insulation up to 20 mm thick. Pressing a thicker heat insulator will affect the stiffness of the rails and fasteners

If it is planned to decorate the balcony with plasterboard or PVC panels, MDF, then it is advisable to lay the heat-insulating material in the cells of the frame. 15th density foam or mineral wool is used as a heater. The disadvantage of this technology is an increase in the thickness of the heat-insulating "pie".

Options for arranging a "warm" floor

The technology of floor insulation on the loggia is somewhat different from the thermal insulation of hay and the ceiling. Excessive requirements are imposed on this element of the balcony.

There are several basic options for arranging a "warm floor":

Do-it-yourself loggia insulation: step by step instructions

Below is a step-by-step instruction for warming the loggia with penoplex.

Tools and materials

For work you will need:

foam boards;
building level, clerical knife, marker;
PVC pipes for cable laying;
capacity for mixing glue;
construction mixer;
trowel;
polyurethane foam;
mounting gun;
grater for grinding heat-insulating sheets;
plastic smooth grater for grouting the floor;
metal grid;
sand concrete M300 coarse-grained;
polyurethane adhesive.

Loggia insulation: step by step instructions. Photo - diagram of the heat-insulating "pie".

Preparatory work

First of all, on the loggia it is necessary to install energy-saving plastic windows. It is not worth saving on glazing - it is better to choose double-glazed windows and fittings from firms that have proven themselves in the "window" market.

If high-quality windows are already installed on the balcony, then you can proceed to the insulation of the balcony.

Preparatory activities:

Ceiling insulation

Installation of heat insulator on walls and parapet

Insulation of the loggia floor with penoplex: step by step instructions

Consider the stages of creating a "warm floor" using foam and cement-sand screed:

If it is necessary to install a supporting frame, it is better to use a galvanized metal profile. Unlike wood, it does not rot and is not heavy.
Thermal insulation work should be carried out in dry weather. Many adhesive mixtures and primers have features of application in conditions of high humidity.
Slots on the loggia are treated with foam that is resistant to low temperatures.
The wood used must be dried, and then treated with means against fire and decay.

Do-it-yourself loggia insulation: step by step instructions. Video.

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If there is a need to expand the area of \u200b\u200bthe room due to the structure on the front side of the building, then the insulation of balconies and loggias is a paramount task. If you insulate this part of the apartment from the inside, you can achieve the best results, avoid heat loss in winter.

Differences between a balcony and a loggia

Although these structures have the same purpose, they differ in structure, and their insulation scheme will be different because of this. The balcony has a parapet, it protrudes beyond the facade. This element can be sheathed with plastic panels, have a lattice fence, concrete, wood. The loggia does not protrude outside the building. It is fenced with a brick or concrete parapet, looks like a recess in the facade structure, has adjacent walls with apartments or other loggias. Regarding the balcony, the loggia is more convenient for glazing, able to withstand a lot of weight.

Insulated loggia

Features of the work

Warming and – quite a complicated process. Problems arise due to the lack of walls connected to a warm room. If you want to get high-quality thermal insulation of a balcony, you need to start with its glazing. It is recommended to use triple glazing. keep heat worse, especially if the frames are old. Using them, you will waste your time and money in vain. After the glazing is completed, you can proceed to the insulation of the remaining parts of the structure: this is the floor, walls, parapet.

Installation of a structure for glazing a loggia

Use of aluminum

Closed seam and installed crate

Starts without insulation . The goal is to close all gaps from which cold air. When it comes to double-glazed windows, mounting foam or sealant is used.

If the gap is large, you can close it with plywood, use foam, then close it with foam. Excess foam is cut off with a knife. After that, you need to take care of waterproofing. Both rolled and liquid materials are suitable. If you use roofing material, it must be laid with an overlap. It is desirable to solder the seams with a special burner. If the materials are liquid, use a roller or brush, cover them consistently with the entire area of the floor and walls.

Warming and decoration of the balcony, loggia occurs after the manipulations with waterproofing are completed. To do this, you need to use a heater. Most often, foam or mineral wool is used. The insulation must be covered with a layer that does not allow air to pass through. You can use ordinary polyethylene film, special vapor barrier in rolls or. Last option is the most reliable. You need to use a material that has a metallized side. It is necessary to lay penofol butt-to-butt.

The seams must be glued with aluminum tape. This will keep the heat inside the room. Penofol is placed with foil relative to the room. This is done so that the heat is reflected and does not go beyond the balcony. Finishing and insulation of balconies and loggias with this material occurs according to the same principle.

Ways to insulate the loggia

There are different options for warming the loggia. You need to choose a method regarding your plans for using this room. If stocks of vegetables, rolls, products are stored on the loggia, a thick layer of insulation is not needed. If you plan to turn the loggia into a small office, greenhouse, living room, you will need a double layer of insulation, high-quality closure of all cracks.

You can save a little by insulating the parapet from the side of the ceiling, walls and floor in one layer.

There are also universal ways loggia insulation: for example, you can use. It is extruded polystyrene foam. The material does not absorb liquid, has high wear resistance, is able to retain heat inside the room with high quality. It is convenient to mount it, as the material is produced in the form of plates with spikes and grooves that are attached to each other.

Plate thickness may vary. They produce products from 2 to 10 cm. Plates can have a variety of sizes, be smooth, have recesses and protrusions. If you live in an area where winters are cold, it is recommended to use a plate with a thickness of at least 5 cm. For a milder climate, products with a thickness of up to 4 cm are suitable.

How to fix?

Warming balconies and loggias with your own hands requires knowledge of the sequence of actions. it is not difficult to mount, but the method of installation depends on how the finishing will be done. If you plan to use plastic, the plates can be fixed with dowels. It is best to use fasteners with a length of at least 8 cm. If you plan to plaster the slab, you can glue and fix it with a dowel.

It is worth remembering that insulation is first performed and then the loggia is finished. After you have made waterproofing, you can proceed to the installation of insulation. If you use penoplex, you don’t need it: the plates will hold well without it, and the presence of wood will not only increase the mass of the structure, but also make it colder, since wood has the ability to freeze through. If finishing If you plan to do it with drywall, then the crate must be installed on top of the foam.

The material can be replaced with polystyrene foam if you do not have enough funds for repairs, however, it is not an analogue and is inferior to foam plastic in terms of thermal insulation quality.

What to sheathe?

Sheathing and insulation of the balcony can occur different materials. For example, you can use lining. It will not only give the balcony or loggia an attractive appearance, but will also act as an additional layer of thermal insulation. It is recommended to place polystyrene under the lining; you can use other types of insulation.

To install the material, a crate is required: it will need to be installed after applying a layer of waterproofing. The size of the cells of the crate should match the size of the foam sheets. They will need to be inserted inside and fixed, after which you can fill the gaps with mounting foam, insulate the floor, put logs. You can start installing the lining. After finishing work, it is recommended to varnish the boards. Finishing and insulating the balcony with your own hands using these materials is the easiest and most inexpensive way to make the loggia warm.

For tight fixation, you can use dowels. Before using them, you must wait for the glue to dry completely; it usually takes about a day. A layer of vapor barrier must be laid on top of the mineral wool. After that, you can carry out the crate and proceed to the finish.

Balcony insulation options can be very diverse. They depend on how you plan to use the balcony, your financial capabilities, and fantasies.