Combined houses made of stone and wood (51 photos): projects, advantages, construction features. Projects of houses combined from stone and wood: traditions and new technologies

Ideas combined construction have existed for a very long time: centuries ago, chalet houses were built in Switzerland: wood was combined with processed natural stone, fastened together with mortar. This made it possible to combine positive sides two traditional materials and minimize their shortcomings. Modern technologies significantly expanded the possibilities of builders, and today the combined house "brick - log" can be a very profitable solution.

What are the advantages of combined buildings

Before any future owner of a house, the question is once raised: log or brick house build, which will be cheaper and more profitable? The tree has many shortcomings that are hard to deny: it burns, quickly collapses in high humidity, and rodents and insects will gradually destroy it. At the same time, it is the most eco-friendly material and living in a wooden house is always comfortable.

Brick is very expensive, and not everyone can build a two-story brick cottage. In addition, it requires additional finishing and cladding, a complete interior renovation with laborious drafting work. Houses made of bricks and logs allow you to compensate for all the shortcomings and combine the advantages:

• The lower part of the brick building makes it much more secure: on the ground floor there is a boiler room, a kitchen, a fireplace room and other rooms that can pose an increased risk of fire. Unlike wooden house, a brick building is much less afraid of fire, so the risk will be lower, and the safety requirements will be less stringent.
• The house "bottom - brick, top - log" will be more economically profitable: the tree is much cheaper, so you can save a lot on the construction of the second floor. In addition, interior and exterior decoration is optional for it, since wooden log walls look so beautiful. The upper floor is less demanding on insulation, the log holds heat well.
• On the top wooden floor can accommodate bedrooms and other living rooms. It will always be beautiful in them, and a lot of people like the pleasant atmosphere with the smell of wood. At the same time, the layout can be very different, log walls can be supplemented with timber or other partitions.
• The combination of materials will give the structure interesting view, such designs open up wide scope for design. For example, on the ground floor you can make panoramic large windows, the brick goes well with the most different types finishing materials.

Design features of the combined house

Houses made of bricks and logs have a number of special features: it is necessary to combine materials correctly so that the house becomes a single whole, and not a set of disparate elements. A brick building requires a strong foundation, the thickness of the walls depends on the use of the house and climatic conditions region. The lower floor is most often insulated and finished using the technology of a ventilated facade: a multi-layer structure does not violate the environmental friendliness of the house, while it will allow you to save heat well.

At the junction of a brick and a log, the walls must be laid with a waterproofing layer, usually roofing material is used for this, which is laid in several layers. To unite the structure into one whole, reinforcing pins are used: they are laid in the masonry, and then fixed on them wooden material walls of the second floor. This design ensures the strength of the structure, the building will not begin to crumble, even if it will be seriously affected by the forces of nature.

A few more requirements for the construction of a combined building:

There are a lot of projects of combined buildings in the network, although today no more than 10% of the total number of buildings are being built of such houses. You can pick up a ready-made project on the network, or you can order an author's development, taking into account individual requirements for a country house.

The combination of materials is a favorite pastime of designers; in capital construction it is used to solve important practical problems. A competent combination of the physical qualities of stone and wood in the load-bearing walls of the building gives the developer a tangible gain in cost and comfort.

It is these two factors that have made houses made of combined materials popular and widespread in modern suburban construction.

What combinations are reasonable and permissible in the construction of such a structure?

Most often, stone is chosen for the walls of the first floor (brick, monolithic concrete, aerated concrete or expanded clay blocks). The second floor is built from round logs or glued beams.

It should be noted that combinations of different wall materials can also affect the exterior finish. The combined house allows you to use any options for facade decor: brick walls the first floor can be finished with a blockhouse, insulated using the “ventilated facade” technology.

The second frame floor can be ennobled decorative plaster or stone tiles. As an example, we suggest you consider the photo below.

Looking at such a house, you will not be able to unequivocally answer the question of what its load-bearing walls are built from. Although here also used combined technology wall construction. The first floor of this building is brick, lined with siding. The second is a wooden frame finished with ceramic tiles.

Constructive options for combined houses

Despite the variety of facade decor, the construction of combined houses must comply with the main principle: 1st floor stone 2nd floor wood. It provides the building with the necessary strength and creates conditions for comfortable living on the second floor. Another problem solved by the combination of materials is to reduce the labor intensity and cost of construction.

Those who do not want to spend extra money on exterior decoration act wisely. The combination of stone and wood is optimal not only from constructive considerations, but also from the standpoint of aesthetics. Therefore, do not hide behind the finish what looks perfect in itself.

An example is a mansion built in a deliberately rough combination natural stone and logs. It fully complies with the canons of country style.

From the harsh mountainous terrain, it leads its pedigree, invented by alpine shepherds. It also used the idea of ​​combining durable stone and warm wood.

Life in the mountains requires maximum reliability and functionality. Therefore, the first level of the chalet is always built from solid rock, which is not afraid of snow blockages, rockfalls and water. The second floor is designed to create comfort and coziness. For these purposes, do not find the best material than natural wood.

The "generic sign" of all buildings built in the chalet style is wide roof overhangs that protect the walls from heavy rains and melting snowdrifts.

Modern combined houses made of stone and wood are extremely diverse, since the choice of wall materials is very wide. If you are not satisfied with a torn stone or a flat limestone "flagstone", then build the first floor from. They are strong enough and at the same time as warm as natural wood.

When preparing for construction, do not forget that houses made of foam blocks and wood require a reliable connection between the first and second floors. Cellular concrete is a rather fragile material. Therefore, it will not hold the steel anchors that fix the second level support beam.

A competent solution for such a design is pouring a monolithic reinforced concrete belt along the foam block walls. It increases the spatial rigidity of the building and allows you to securely fix the anchor bolts.

The appearance of the foam block wall is not very expressive. Therefore, it is better to sew it up with a blockhouse or siding, laying a vapor barrier and a layer of mineral wool insulation behind the facade cladding.

For the combined construction of a cottage, you can use. They are stronger than foam concrete, not so fragile and very warm. Finishing wood concrete walls is not laborious, since any decorative plaster adheres perfectly to them.

The second floor can be built from planed timber. This material retains heat well in a residential floor and does not require finishing cladding.

If you need a three-level combined house of brick and timber, then build it according to this scheme: the basement technical floor is monolithic reinforced concrete, the first level is a brick, the second is a frame or log house.

Speaking about the frame version of the walls of the second floor, we note that it will not only save you money, but also allow you to flexibly change interior layout adapting it to family needs.

You can hide the frame of the second floor behind the finish. Another interesting option- specifically highlight it, turning it into an element of facade decor. Fachwerk is best suited for this - an old frame system in which posts, beams and cross braces open onto the facade.

A serious problem of all cottages is dampness on the first floor. The combined house solves it simply and functionally. The lower floor is reserved for utility rooms. Here you can equip a boiler room, a bathhouse, a workshop and a garage. Bedrooms, bathrooms, dressing rooms, playrooms and a kitchen are located on the second, drier floor.

A combined house and a combined facade are not the same thing!

As we have already said, a combination of different wall materials is the main feature of a combined building. In contrast, the combined facade of the house can be used on any residential building.

For example, having built a cottage from insulated sandwich panels, you can easily “disguise” it as a stone one. For this you can use ceramic tiles, sandstone, porcelain stoneware or rustic plaster. If ordinary, rather than face bricks are used for laying walls, then a “combi-facade” will also be appropriate.

The photo shows a house built of brick and timber. Obviously opaque brickwork additional finishing required. It does not have to be decorated "under the stone." It is enough to fill the blockhouse along the guides and your house will be completely “wooden”. Another option is a combination of semicircular false logs on the first floor and glued beams on the second.

Pros and cons of the combination idea

Having noted the main advantages of combined buildings: efficiency, layout flexibility, aesthetics and functionality, we will point out the disadvantages of such buildings.

Chief among them - different time"life" of stone and wood. In rocks, it reaches 150 years. The tree, at best, will last half a century. For a light frame and shield walls, this period will be even less. Therefore, the moment will inevitably come when the first stone floor is still quite strong and reliable, and the walls of the second are already in need of repair.

Since the combined country houses in Russia are still quite young, there is no negative experience of different aging rates of wall materials. Therefore, the reviews of their owners are mostly positive.

Summing up summary, we advise everyone who has decided to build a combined cottage, do not forget about different period operation of the first and second floors. To extend the life of the walls, buy well-dried and antiseptic wood, and trust the assembly of the frame to experienced professionals, not shabashniki.

For wooden frame a well-assembled drainage system is required to prevent moisture from entering the tree. In addition, at the construction stage, constant quality control of sealing of all cross sections of wooden posts and beams is required.

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The abundance of technological building materials and varied design solutions allow you to create combined houses made of stone and wood, the projects of which combine the environmental friendliness of the natural massif and the strength of the brick. The customer of such buildings receives an aesthetic and affordable building.

Classic combined house: a combination of a plastered ground floor and a wooden superstructure

Combined houses at the current stage of market development are one of the options for the rapid construction of a modern country house at limited budget. Visual and functional characteristics not inferior to more expensive projects.

History of combined houses

The first mention of the use of combined materials in the construction of houses dates back to the 15th century, when houses made of stone and wood first appeared in the northern and mountainous regions.

European tradition in construction combined houses- These are half-timbered dwellings that were built in Eastern Europe and Scandinavia.

Distinctive feature of such buildings consists in the construction of a massive wooden frame, which is then filled with natural stone.

The combination of a solid stone foundation (or plinth) and bright natural wood elements not only looks aesthetically pleasing, but also allows you to create a durable home that endures harsh weather conditions. In medieval Austria and Germany half-timbered houses often used for urban buildings.

A modern interpretation of a classic half-timbered house

Chalet - a variant of combined houses, common in the mountainous suburbs of Europe. It is believed that the Alps became the birthplace of the chalet, and the first houses of this style were built by shepherds. In the period of the 16th-17th centuries, solid and spacious buildings that easily accommodated several generations of families were created from stone and wood, the exterior decoration was made of limestone. Unlike half-timbered houses, the roof of the chalet was quite low and sloping, thanks to which the interior spaces were reliably protected from bad weather. The upper floors of the house were built from massive pine timber, which darkened over time, giving the appearance of the dwelling an even more majestic look.

Swiss chalet - one of the ways of original styling of the house

The modern construction of combined houses made of timber and brick, with all the variety of technologies, has not undergone significant changes. At the heart of the foundation and basement - still stone structures, the frame is also made of durable wooden beams, and the exterior finish often imitates traditional plaster.

Video description

Features of combined chalet houses on video:

Features of the combination of materials in the construction of combined houses

Modern combined houses are made of various modifications of stone or concrete on the ground floor, and wood on the second.

Traditionally, the basement is made of natural or artificial stone, foam or gas blocks, monolithic reinforced concrete structure, brick and even frame-panel construction. Last option belongs to the economy class category, and has a reduced strength, due to which the construction of buildings above 3 floors is unacceptable. The ground floor of the combined houses of the middle price category is used to accommodate utility rooms: a kitchen, a boiler room, a garage. If the owners are planning a fireplace design, then it is also recommended to place it on the ground floor.

Technical arrangement of the basement floor of a combined house

Living rooms are traditionally located on the second and third floors, made of natural wood. Popular materials for fire-prevention and anti-corrosion treatment of wood keep a pleasant appearance and functionality of the material. So Finishing work most often limited to covering the walls with transparent varnish, as well as installing additional decorative elements.

Common material combinations for similar houses

A combination of a reinforced concrete structure, finished with stone, at the base of the house, in which a basement is arranged, and a superstructure made of logs. Such a combination not only looks respectable, but also ensures the durability and environmental friendliness of the entire building. Houses made of timber and stone are the most durable and expensive construction option.

A house made of timber and stone is a reliable building for a harsh winter

A more aesthetic and expensive option is a combination of a smooth beam and a brick plinth, located on a strip or slab foundation. Big weight the final design involves serious investments in the device of the plate or tape construction foundation. Such houses are suitable for construction on heaving soils, and when creating a slab base, housing will withstand construction near water bodies.

The budget option for building a combined house is a combination of foam blocks and natural wood. Such materials require a thorough finishing of the first floor, taking into account the additional waterproofing necessary for the use of blocks.

Projects of such combined houses are most in demand in the modern market due to their affordable price and durability.

Design and construction of combined houses

A distinctive feature of such projects is the combination of solid stone walls on the first floor and an attic made of lighter materials. Therefore, although a full-fledged foundation is needed here, the loads on it will be lower than during the construction of a two-story stone house. Considering that the foundation is almost a third of the budget, the savings can be tangible. In addition, the tree often does not require additional finishing, so facing materials for the second floor may not be needed.

One of the options for a combined house: a low foundation gives the structure a more elegant and at the same time finished look

Combined technology significantly reduces the time for shrinkage of the finished dwelling: completely wooden house it is recommended to "seat" up to 2 years to avoid deformation of finishing materials. Houses with a stone plinth can be moved in after graduation. construction works, having finished only the first floor for living.

Additional savings in the construction of combined houses is a small expenditure on thermal insulation. Unlike brick house, combined requires less thermal insulation materials. Unlike a completely wooden dwelling, a house that combines both materials does not require careful treatment with moisture-repellent compounds.

natural wood not only looks aesthetically pleasing, but also serves for a long time, if you remove it from the ground using the basement

As a result, in addition to an affordable price and a pleasant appearance, the owner of a combined house receives a building that is optimal from a technological point of view, in which materials are used “in their place”. Moisture-sensitive wood is removed from the ground, and refractory stone, which is uncomfortable for living (without proper finishing), is used to build "technical" premises.

The visual characteristics of the finished building are an additional “bonus” when choosing a combined house. Natural wood looks solid and aesthetically pleasing, and the plastered plinth gives the whole building a respectable look. Modern finishing materials make it possible to decorate the facade part both in the same style and preserving the "unity of opposites" in the combination of stone and wood.

Video description

Clearly about the design and construction of a combined house in the video:

Advantages and disadvantages of combined house technology

The main advantage of choosing a combined house made of stone and wood is its durability, resistance to external influences. Thanks to the stone ground floor, the building is less destroyed by moisture, and the wooden superstructure retains heat better.

The aesthetic qualities of the finished building will delight lovers of stylized buildings, extensive panoramic windows and simply original architectural solutions.

The stylization of the combined building is limited only by the imagination of the customer

The final cost of such housing is often lower than the cost of building a simple wooden or stone house due to the most efficient use of materials, which reduces the cost of their processing.

A separate floor, built of stone, allows you to separate utility rooms from residential ones. Thus, the house is divided into common and private areas, which increases the comfort of living.

The main feature of the construction of such houses, often referred to as disadvantages, is the need for strict adherence to construction technologies. For example, for a combination of wood and stone, it is necessary to install strong steel dowels into the masonry and provide a high level of waterproofing.

It should also be borne in mind that chalet houses can be built both on budget and VIP projects. In the latter case, the first floor will be massive and its construction will require specialized equipment and highly qualified teams of builders. The upper bar of the cost of such a house will be limited only by the imagination and capabilities of the customer.

The construction of a comfortable combined house is a serious financial investment.

Budget options for combined houses

Options to save cash, using the technology of building combined houses, there are two.

Reducing the area of ​​the final building will reduce the cost of construction and finishing materials. For example, the weight of the house itself will be small, so a complex foundation will not be required. Miniature houses do not need a powerful heating system, careful preparation of the site and the design of a large-scale foundation.

A more risky option is saving on building materials. It is strongly recommended to consult with specialists, architects-designers, before choosing a more affordable housing project. In general, the choice of cheaper materials for the first floor of the house will help reduce construction costs: for example, gas blocks or frame structures save owners a lot of money.

Small size - a guarantee of decent savings on building materials

Stages of construction and prices of turnkey combined houses

Ordering a turnkey house consists of several main stages.

The initial stage is the preparation of a design project for future housing, taking into account all the wishes of the client. As a rule, ready-made projects adapted to the requirements of a particular customer are used.

The agreed project is transferred to the work of a team of builders. First of all, a foundation is being built for the future home, taking into account all the features of the soil. Common options are tape and slab foundations suitable for most soils.

Walls of brick, blocks or stone are erected on the finished foundation, forming the basement of the building. At the end of this stage, floors are installed on which the floor of the second floor will be laid.

The walls of residential premises, which are traditionally located above the stone plinth, are built from logs or glued beams. In this case, it is necessary to install metal pins so that the wood fits tightly and securely to the stone base.

Lacquered wooden walls in a combined house

Having completed the construction of the walls, they proceed to the installation of the roof, as well as supplying the house with insulating materials. The final stage of the actual construction work is the installation of the roof roof.

The finished building is equipped with engineering communications, as well as external and internal finishing work.

Before ordering the construction of a turnkey house, it is necessary to choose a reliable company that can not only quickly, but also efficiently perform work in compliance with all technological features the buildings.

Video description

Also, about the construction of a combined house on the video:

Depending on the area, materials and reputation of the developer, the cost of turnkey construction can start from 2 million rubles (combined houses made of foam blocks and wood, building dimensions 10x8 meters, housing area - 140 square meters). Comfort or luxury dwellings equipped with attic rooms, extensive verandas, garages and spacious staircases can cost up to 4 million rubles. In general, the upper limit of the cost of housing depends only on the imagination of customers and the selected materials.

Small combined house of foam blocks and wood

Typical projects of combined houses

Most modern owners of suburban real estate prefer to build houses on the basis of already agreed standard projects. The necessary changes are made at the stage of coordination of the architectural project with the company's specialists.

On our site you can find the most popular combined house projects from construction companies represented at the exhibition of houses Low-Rise Country.

Combined houses chalets

A classic combined house made of stone and wood, a chalet in the modern sense - with a sloping roof, a second floor made of wood, and light-colored plaster of a stone plinth.

Turnkey Swiss chalet with low pitched roofs, traditional stone and stucco finishes

Panoramic windows - a universal decoration for such houses

The combination of ribbon balconies, stone and wood create the authenticity of the building

Combined houses made of stone and wood

A traditional, durable and outwardly very respectable option is dwellings made of wood and stone, delighting the owners with a combination of strength, pleasant microclimate and natural materials.

A strict architectural project with a hint of chalet style looks perfect in Russian latitudes

A large-scale house combining wood, stone and stucco is a concise and bright option

Modern architecture in houses made of stone and wood

Combined brick and wood houses

The brick basement looks more visually interesting, in addition, such dwellings do not require exterior finish which saves owners time and financial resources.

Facing bricks, plaster and wooden elements create a successful stylization in a modern house

Wood and brick house with siding under construction

Laconic a budget option the buildings

Cost-effective housing projects from foam blocks and wood

Demanded construction option Russian market- durable and economical projects made of foam blocks and wood. A wide variety of finishing materials allows you to create almost any appearance similar building.

A small combined house made of wood and foam blocks

Coating the foam blocks with stucco and styling with dark wood frames adds elegance to a simple project.

Panoramic window and small decorative elements give the most modest home its zest

Conclusion

Combined houses are an original and durable option for creating a country dwelling. A non-trivial appearance, the use of wood and stone, which is optimal in terms of technology, as well as low cost, contribute to the widespread use of this execution technology.

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Austrian chalet style in Russian cottage villages

The construction technology of combined houses consists in laying the walls of the first floor of stone and using wood to assemble the second floor. The common name of the buildings is chalets. The word came from Austria: such buildings were often erected in the mountains.

GOOD WOOD builds combined houses from glued beams own production and porous ceramic blocks Porotherm. It is safe and durable materials which can be used without additional insulation.

Why Combination Homes Are So Popular

Chalet is a hit of cottage settlements. Over the past 3-5 years, the popularity of combined projects has been steadily growing: several hundred families already live in a typical KD-225, which has become a real bestseller among GOOD WOOD offers.

Advantages of combined houses:

1. Non-standard appearance. Agree, against the background of completely brick and wooden buildings, the chalets look very advantageous.
2. There are ready-made projects and many built objects according to individual drawings. It is easier for the customer to choose suitable house and immediately determine the cost of construction.
3. Reliable stable construction. It will suit anyone who doubts the strength of wooden housing construction.

1. The combination of two materials for families who have not come to a consensus on what to build a house from. The solution will suit both brick (ceramic blocks) supporters and wood lovers.
2. Separation into residential and common areas. The first (stone) floor is reserved for the living room, kitchen, boiler room, storerooms. On the second (wooden) bedrooms and children's rooms are equipped.

Ready-made projects of combined houses

The catalog contains 3 finished projects: KD-225, KD-202 and a new development of our partners (architectural bureau "Carlson and K") - cottage K-1. For all typical cottages, detailed equipment is provided - with materials, a description of construction technology and other details. For KD-225 and KD-202, you can even calculate the monthly cost of heating in advance.

In recent years, the construction of residential cottages using the technology known in the regions has been gaining popularity. These are combined houses made of stone and wood. Projects with a garage and utility rooms, foundation options and diversity modern materials make it possible to build a full-fledged two-story house.

Benefits of ancient building technology

Initially, from stone and wood (projects and incarnations) appeared in the Alpine mountains. Firstly, exclusively for practical purposes, the lower one was laid out from cobblestone, which is always plentiful in mountainous areas. Secondly, only stone walls in contact with winter snows are not threatened by excessive moisture and destruction. Traditionally, the first floor was reserved for household needs, and living quarters were located on the second. The upper tier was built of wood, which retains heat well. There were bedrooms, guest rooms and other living quarters.

Similar methods of construction, projects of houses, combined of stone and wood, were widely used by merchants in the cities of pre-revolutionary Russia. A warehouse with goods and a store were located on the lower floor, while the family lived on the upper, more convenient floor. This provided not only comfortable living, but also the safety of valuable property in case of fire.

How to make a new, spacious and modern house out of an old house

It is possible to reconstruct and increase the area of ​​an old but solid cottage not only by adding outbuildings. Projects of houses, combined of stone and wood, give a chance to modernize the dwelling by increasing the number of storeys of the building and preserving the lower walls. It is important to follow a certain sequence in the use of materials: upper structures should be lighter than the lower ones. It is recommended to use the following pairs:

• stone or brick + solid log or timber;
• tree + frame floor;
• monolith + SIP panels.

One of the most important requirements that must be met by projects of houses combined from stone and wood is the correct joining of the lower and upper tiers. The location of the load-bearing walls of both floors must necessarily match. Otherwise, during the operation of the building, unpleasant consequences cannot be avoided. When joining external walls from different materials it is important to ensure reliability, vapor barrier and insulation of transitions.

How to replace traditional materials

Combined houses made of stone and wood, the projects of which are offered by construction companies, are now being built in different climatic zones. Given the characteristics of the soil, the type of foundation is selected: tape or pile. Instead of stone, brick, foam concrete, wood concrete or blocks of porous ceramics are now used.

A solid log, for reasons of budget savings, is replaced with glued laminated timber or SIP panels.

When arranging a garage, a boiler room or a kitchen in the basement, bedrooms, bathrooms, children's rooms and other living quarters are traditionally placed above them: it is more convenient, and warmer, and more comfortable.

What are the additional benefits of alpine technology

Building a two-story cottage is a costly business. Almost all combined houses made of stone and wood (projects, photos, real buildings) are an example of how you can cut costs. In addition to saving money, this technology has several other advantages:

1. Wooden walls raised to a height, roof overhangs are protected from the moisture of natural precipitation.
2. An increase in the usable area of ​​the building is possible with a real cost reduction.
3. Projects of houses, combined of stone and wood, enable their inhabitants to live cool in summer and warm in winter.
4. The first, heavier, floor provides the building with fire safety and stability, the second - an abundance of light, fresh air and ecology.
5. The original and beautiful appearance of the building.

The use of combinations of modern building materials and the described rules for the construction of an alpine chalet make it possible to build a beautiful, comfortable and beautiful residential building using an old, time-tested technology.