How to fix a plastic window? Installing plastic windows in a brick house - step-by-step installation technology Fixing a pvc window in the opening.

Today, the owners of houses and apartments are massively replacing old wooden windows with practical and durable PVC structures. And this choice is justified for a number of reasons:

1. Due to the increased thermal insulation, material costs for heating are significantly reduced.
2. High functionality and modern materials make it possible to refuse additional work on window maintenance: tinting frames to give them an aesthetic appearance; caulking cracks for window insulation for the winter; release of the window from the insulation in the spring; pulling gauze on the sashes to protect against mosquitoes and other midges and other work that is implied during the operation of wooden window structures.
3. The sealed double-glazed window well isolates the room from noise, allowing you to maintain home comfort and protecting the peace of the owners.
4. Designs have a long service life while maintaining impeccable functionality and aesthetic appearance.
5. The cost of a plastic window is lower than a similar wood product. For example, the price of an unpainted double wooden frame without glass measuring 120x90 cm is 3,600 rubles, and a plastic window is 5,500 rubles. However, wooden window you still need to glaze and paint, and this is an additional cost of time and materials. Whereas the plastic window is already ready for installation.

For those who are going to install plastic windows with their own hands, often there is not enough elementary knowledge of how to do it correctly. Therefore, we present this article here in the form of instructions to help owners who want to do the installation themselves.

Installing plastic windows has a number of nuances. For example, PVC windows are not such universal designs. And their use has a number of limitations. So, it is not recommended to use plastic windows in cold rooms without heating (verandas, canopies, attics, garages, baths, etc.). Incidentally, window manufacturing and installation companies prefer not to talk about this. In addition, there may be problems during installation. window profiles PVC in multi-storey buildings above 4 floors.

When choosing a contractor to replace windows in a house, you may encounter the fact that the masters simply will not delve into the intricacies of this issue. Those who are in control of the situation and can cover it comprehensively are few.

To begin with, let's try to deal with the question, does it even make sense to install PVC windows with your own hands? Contrary to popular belief, installing windows is not that difficult. For its implementation, you do not need to stock up on professional equipment and gain special experience for a long time. The installation procedure itself consists of two stages:

• dismantling of the old structure;
• installation of a new plastic window.

Usually, dismantling takes from 0.5 to 1.5 hours. Direct installation of the window (we take an average window measuring 2x2 m) will take another couple of hours. It turns out that to replace one window, it will take a maximum of three and a half hours. Therefore, for Saturday-Sunday, you can freely change at least 2 windows without resorting to the help of specialists. Considering that installers charge $40-60 for each window installation, we get quite good savings. Some companies set the cost of installation as a percentage of the cost of windows. For different specialists, this amount varies and is about 10-40% of the price that is proposed to be paid for windows. Also, specialized companies, when ordering windows from them, can deliver free of charge. new design to your home and dismantling.

Trusting the installation of windows to specialists, you can demand the following guarantees:

1. when buying windows from a third-party company, installers provide a guarantee only for installation seams and their filling, correct geometry individual elements and the functionality of the window structure within 1 year after the work performed. Because the self-assembly practically deprives you of the guarantee for window structures, you need to more carefully approach the choice of products. It is better to prefer windows made at the factory, in compliance with all technical requirements and conditions. Handicraft products are a “pig in a poke”, the quality and functionality of which can bring an unpleasant surprise. In this regard, to purchase window structures, it is advisable to contact directly a manufacturing company operating in the market. long time and having good feedback from numerous clients. By the way, if you order windows in winter or spring (i.e. out of season), you can get a significant discount;
2. when purchasing windows from a company that carries out installation work, the customer receives a guarantee for fittings - from one to 5 years (the more expensive the windows, the longer the warranty period, as a rule);
3. if the windows are installed with your own hands, then the guarantee for fittings must be requested at the place of purchase of the structures. You will have to take full responsibility for the quality of the seams.

Installation of pvc windows with your own hands should be done if available:

• a couple of free days (as an option - days off);
• diligence and desire to learn something new;
• desire to save.

If all of the above is present, then the recommendations outlined in this article will allow you to successfully replace the windows in the house, making it no worse than a professional installation team. Actually, a whole team is not required to install the window; two people will be enough, one of whom will perform the installation, and the other will hold the structure and serve the right tools. Despite the apparent complexity, self-installation of PVC windows is a fairly simple process, which is a combination of several simple operations performed in a given sequence. Before proceeding with the installation, you need to order a window, and for this you need to correctly perform preliminary measurements. So…

Window measurements: everything you need to know

First, we determine the type of window opening.

It can be of two types: either with a quarter or without a quarter.

We take measurements of the window without a quarter

A clean window opening is the easiest to measure. Such an opening is found only in a new house. We measure the opening itself in a vertical plane and subtract 5 centimeters from the resulting figure. We have height. Of these 5 centimeters, 1.5 centimeters will be filled mounting foam at the top of the window, and 3.5 centimeters are laid to install the window sill. Similarly, we measure the opening in the horizontal plane, subtract 3 centimeters for the gaps (1.5 cm each on the right and left) and get the width of the window.

Next, we measure the length and width of the ebb and the window sill. To the obtained dimensions, you need to add from 5 to 20 centimeters in order to “embed” the window sill a little into the wall on both sides. If you get down to business for the first time, then lay down the dimensions of the window sill more - during installation, all unnecessary will be cut off. As a rule, window sills and ebbs have a uniform width (10-60 cm) and length (up to six meters). With minimal dimensions, installers will be able to select and bring the most suitable parts.

We make measurements of a window with a quarter

Width: we measure the opening in the horizontal plane between the quarters and add three centimeters to the resulting figure (one and a half centimeters from each side). Height: measure the distance from the bottom edge of the opening to the edge of the top quarter. Nothing needs to be added or subtracted from the resulting figure.

The window sill and low tide are measured, as in the first version.

As a result, after all the measurements made, we should have recorded:

• window height and width;
• length and width of the tide;
• length and width of the window sill.

When replacing old windows, the previous structure is located in the opening, which means that it is impossible to measure the opening itself. Therefore, it is necessary to take measurements from the window frame, which will subsequently be dismantled.

When ordering a window, try to find out what comes with the windows. The following elements are usually included:

• windowsill;
• end caps. In order to choose the right plugs, it is necessary to indicate the width of the window sill (the protruding part from the wall);
• installation profile;
• anchor plates - structural fasteners.

If these parts are not included in the kit, you will have to purchase them additionally.

In addition to dimensions, other data may be required:

• profile type (number of cameras);
• double-glazed window option (number of glasses and air chambers);
• window opening type. The most common: swing, swing-out with ventilation, combined. In addition, in some cases blind windows are installed without the possibility of opening. The type of opening is determined by the fittings installed in the structure. The ease of use, functionality and durability of the window depend on the type and quality of the fittings. There are several types of window opening. For convenient ventilation, the window should be equipped with tilt-and-turn fittings. Deaf versions of the sashes are unsuitable for ventilation, ordinary folding ones without turning are inconvenient.

Thermal conductivity and sound insulation of the window: so that noise and cold do not get into the house

Thermal conductivity of plastic windows

In addition to the manufacturer, when choosing a window, it is also necessary to take into account such a quality as the thermal conductivity of the structure. According to SNiPs and territorial building codes, the heat transfer resistance coefficient of a window varies depending on climatic conditions region of residence. Structures that are installed in residential premises should not have a heat transfer resistance lower than indicated for a particular region of residence.

Thermal conductivity directly depends on the design and type of glass used in double-glazed windows. If you order windows with energy-saving glass, the thermal insulation of structures increases by 10-15%. The cost of energy-saving glasses is about 250 rubles. for 1 sq. m.

The thermal conductivity of the window may decrease due to poor-quality installation, less often - factory defects. Very often, in the process of illiterate installation, a chip or crack occurs on a double-glazed window, and the design loses one of its main qualities - tightness. Visually, this manifests itself as fogging inner surface glasses. As a result, the room will become colder in winter, and the house will have to be heated more.

To improve the thermal conductivity parameters of the window, it is possible to prepare a support profile. From the point of view of thermal conductivity, the stand profile is the weakest point in the window structure. To fix the drain, it will have to be drilled, which will further worsen the thermal conductivity parameters. To normalize the heat-shielding qualities of the window, the internal volume of the stand profile can be filled with mounting foam. This should be done a day before installing the window so that the foam is completely frozen. Foaming of the stand profile by GOST is not provided, window companies also do not practice this operation.

Soundproofing properties of plastic windows

This parameter is essential if there is a busy highway or railway near the house. However, it is always more pleasant if external noises from the street do not penetrate inside the house. And this is impossible to achieve without high-quality soundproofing of the window.

How to install PVC windows: to unpack or not to unpack - that is the question!

When installing windows, you need to choose the type of installation - with unpacking (unpacking) or without unpacking. Do you want to understand how these two methods differ from each other? Take a look at the scheme of the plastic window.

• Frame- one of the main elements of the window. The frame is formed from a reinforced PVC profile and several sealed chambers. The number of cameras can vary from two or more.
• double glazing- the largest element of the window, occupies about 80% of its area. It is a hermetic structure consisting of glass. Depending on the number of glasses and air gaps between them, it can be single-chamber, double-chamber, etc. The double-glazed window fits snugly to the frame due to the seal.
• Glazing beads- parts that allow you to mechanically fix the double-glazed window to the frame.
• Impost- a separator, thanks to which the window is divided into several shutters. There are single-leaf, double-leaf, three-leaf, etc. designs.
• blind sash- sash without opening mechanism.
• Transom- opening sash.
• Podokonny(other names - bottom, mounting, stand) profile- load-bearing element of the window structure. It is necessary for correct installation and fixtures indoors plastic window sill and external drain.
• accessories- all moving parts of the structure designed to open, close, fix the transom when ventilating the room.

Window installation method with unpacking

(in some regions the term "unpacking" is used, the essence is the same). This method is based on a preliminary disassembly of the structure: glazing beads and double-glazed windows. After the through fixing of the frame to the wall, all removed elements are installed again.

To quickly and correctly unpack the structure, you need a strong knife or chisel. We insert a knife blade or a chisel between the glazing bead and the frame, gently knock the glazing bead out of the groove with gentle blows on the handle until a gap appears. Then we bend the knife (chisel) and push the elements apart with the wide side. We consistently do this with all the glazing beads that hold the double-glazed window in the sash. It is not recommended to do this procedure with the sharp end of the knife, as the risk of damaging the window or glazing bead increases. To remove the double-glazed window, be sure to wear gloves, otherwise you will injure your hands on the sharp corners of the structure. If the window is not deaf and there are sashes, remove them. If there is a transom in one of the wings, it is easier to remove it as an assembly without removing the double-glazed window. Everything, the design is ready for installation.

Disadvantages of the method: more time consuming, lasts longer than installation without unpacking (on average, 30-60 minutes are added for each window). Often, in a window installed in this way, fogging of a double-glazed window occurs. In addition, it may be corrupted appearance glazing beads (scratches, chips) when they are inaccurately removed / installed. It is important to perform all actions clearly and carefully. After removing the packages, you need to put them in safe place where there is no chance of accidentally hitting and breaking them.

Advantages and scope of the method: installation of windows with unpacking is more reliable and gives a strong fixation of the frame to the wall. This method should be chosen in the following cases:

- it is planned to fix windows in multi-storey buildings (from the 15th floor). When installing windows on the lower floors, where there is no windage and gusts of wind, they can not be unpacked;

- Significant structures are to be installed. However, in this case, combined installation is allowed (the balcony block is attached without unpacking).

Window installation method without unpacking

This method does not require disassembly of the structure. That is, it is not required to remove double-glazed windows and glazing beads. The frame is attached to the wall not with dowels, but with fasteners pre-installed outside the wall.

Advantages and scope of the method: installation of windows without unpacking saves time, reducing the process as much as possible. This method is recommended to be used where there is no need for increased fastening strength: when replacing standard windows in private houses, as well as, as mentioned earlier, in multi-storey buildings below the 15th floor.

Installation of windows with and without unpacking: sequence, features, professional advice

The installation of plastic windows is specific, therefore, to perform this work, a special set of tools and materials is required, without which it is practically impossible to install windows correctly and accurately. If it is not possible to buy the necessary things in a specialized store, you can contact a window company - professionals will definitely find what they need.

• building plumb line and level
• screwdriver and perforator
• drill with a set of drills
• gun and mounting foam;
• hacksaw or jigsaw
• small crowbar or pry bar
• gun for silicone
• chisel or wide-bladed knife
• mounting wedges
• tape measure and pencil
• roll waterproofing material
• iron sheets (galvanized) and metal shears (required for self-manufacturing plums)

The main stages of installing PVC windows:

• dismantling of the previous structure and window sill;
• preparing a new window for installation;
• frame marking for subsequent fastening;
• fixing fasteners to the frame;
• making holes for fasteners;
• leveling the plastic structure;
• fixing the structure in the opening;
• installation of the ebb (can be performed at the end of the process);
• intermediate adjustment of fittings;
• foaming of cavities between the window opening and the frame;
• window sill installation;
• final adjustment of fittings.

Each of the stages of installing a plastic window should be considered separately.

Dismantling of old window structures

Preliminary stage: preparing the window for installation

Windows with movable sashes are mounted closed. When installing a window in open form there is a risk of deformation of the structure (the foam that will fill the gap between the opening and the frame can bend the frame). After foaming, the window is left for 12 hours, during which it must not be opened. And to avoid accidental opening of the sash, you can postpone the installation of the handle until the window is installed.

It is not recommended to remove the tape with which the window surface is sealed to protect it from damage until the installation of the structure and finishing of the slopes is completed.

PVC window installation sequence

Mark on the frame of fasteners

We retreat from the corner of the frame 5-15 centimeters and outline a place for the extreme fixing element. You need to fasten the frame from 4 sides, the fasteners are located after 70-100 cm. If a stand profile is used, then the frame is not attached from below.

Fixing fasteners on the frame

Fasteners include self-tapping screws, anchor plates, U-shaped hangers for drywall.

Anchor plates and suspensions have the same cost - $ 0.05 (wholesale), $ 0.15 (retail). However, anchor plates are thicker than hangers. When buying, give preference to products made of thicker metal.

The fastener must be firmly fixed in metal frame frames. In order for the element to be well fixed, self-tapping screws must be taken for metal. Such products have a drill at the end and a diameter of 4 mm. You can also use simple self-tapping screws, only in this case you must first mark the holes in the frame with a drill.

Making recesses for fasteners

We place the frame with fasteners attached to it in the window opening, then we knock out recesses in the opening in the appropriate places (depth 2 - 4 cm, width similar to the size of the fasteners). Fasteners will be drowned in these recesses later. By following this procedure, we will make it easier for ourselves to finish the slopes.

Tip: when installing a window without a mounting plate, place blocks of wood or other dense material under it so that it rises to the height of the window sill. Then it will be possible to fasten the window sill not to the window frame, but under it. If there is a mounting plate, the frame will automatically rise to the desired height. Usually the mounting plate is already fixed on the frame and does not need additional fixing.

Alignment to the level of the window structure

This stage is the longest in the entire window installation procedure. However, by aligning the window in the vertical and horizontal plane, we automatically give it the correct rectangular shape. To level the structure, you need wooden wedges or bars that are placed under the frame. A pair of lower wedges is set first, and you can immediately fix the window on top with an anchor plate. Next we put two wedges at the top, then left and right at the bottom and top of the window. If there is an impost, a wedge must also be placed under it. During these actions, it is important to ensure that the vertical racks do not deviate into another plane. It is convenient to align the window with two people, when one supports the structure, the second inserts the wedges.

Fastening a window to an opening

Having achieved a perfectly even position of the window, i.e. having set it correctly in level, we can proceed to fixing the structure. To do this, use dowels (diameter 6-8 mm, length 75-80 mm) or anchors (diameter 6-8 mm). The latter have a higher cost, but provide a more secure fixation. They are recommended to be used if the wall consists of shell rock, brick or foam concrete. mount on anchor plates max is used if the unit design contains a thermal insert and the frame in the mounting plane cannot be mechanically fixed. The dowel, driven into concrete, is able to withstand a load of up to 60 kg, which is quite enough to fix the window. For wooden walls you can use self-tapping screws with a diameter of eight millimeters.

Tip: do not immediately tighten the screws on the sides of the frame completely, leave 1 cm to the stop. It is not necessary to screw in the construction screws in the upper part of the structure at all. The frame will not go anywhere, and you will have the opportunity to check the uniformity of the gaps on the sides and, if necessary, move the frame in one direction or another. After the final fastening, it will be more difficult to do this. If the uniformity of the gaps is satisfactory, the horizontal / vertical structure is maintained, you can completely fix the frame by screwing in the screws from above and tightening the remaining screws on the sides. After that, it is worth checking the horizontal and vertical structure again.

Fixing the ebb of the plastic window

Installation of ebbs can be done at the very end. Ebb can be bought ready-made, or do it yourself. It is best to fix this element under the window - this will prevent the penetration of water where it connects to the frame. Upon completion of the installation of the drain, the space between it and the profile is filled with foam. In the absence of the possibility of fixing the ebb under the frame, it is fixed directly to it, for which 9 mm metal screws are used.

Intermediate hardware adjustment

It is necessary to tighten or loosen the window hinges so that the sash moves silently and freely when opening and closing. The open sash must not close on its own. Properly adjusted hinges will allow it to stay in the right position.

When moving, does the sash “stripe” where the locking hardware is installed? Slightly move this element a little lower or higher.

Foaming the gaps between the opening and the frame

It is important to fill the gaps so that there are no voids left. Large gaps (more than two centimeters) are foamed in several stages, the interval between which is two hours. With this approach, there is no danger that the foam will deform the window when it expands. In addition, the consumption of mounting foam is saved, there is no excess that has to be cut off, and the quality of the mounting seam improves.

Since the foam hardens under the influence of atmospheric moisture, a lack of humidity in the room can lead to poor-quality polymerization. To avoid this, you need to lightly sprinkle water on the area between the window opening and the frame before foaming, and after filling the cavity, spray the surface of the foam itself with water. If the air temperature during installation does not exceed five degrees, then winter or all-weather foam is used. In warmer weather, summer polyurethane foam can be applied.

After the polymerization of the foam, it is necessary to protect it from exposure to ultraviolet radiation. This stage can be combined with slope finishing. But if you don’t want to make slopes yet, or plan to do it later, then the foam must be closed immediately, because it quickly collapses due to exposure to direct sunlight. In this case, we prepare a cement-sand mortar at the rate of 1 part of cement and 2 parts of sand, or dilute the tile adhesive and cover the foam with any of these materials. In addition, you can purchase PSUL tape (vapor-permeable self-expanding sealing tape) at a hardware store and close the mounting foam with it. However, the cost of the tape is quite high (from $ 3 for running meter), so the first options are used more often.

Window sill installation

1. Cropping. Window sills have a standard length and width and have a good margin, both in length and width. Before installation, the window sill is cut with a jigsaw, grinder or saw with small teeth.

2. Alignment by level. We move the window sill to the stand profile and set it on a level using wooden blocks or other improvised materials.

We close the side sections of the window sill with end caps. It is better to glue the plugs on the ends with super glue.

By pressing lightly on the window sill with your hand, we make sure that it does not sag. In some cases, the window sill is not installed evenly, but at a slight angle (no more than 3 degrees) “from the window”. Thanks to this slope, possible condensate does not flow under the window.

We foam the cavity under the windowsill.

After foaming, we put something heavy on the surface of the window sill (you can use plastic water bottles, books for this purpose) and leave it in this form for 0.5 days.

If you do not press down the window sill with a load, then it will bend upwards under the influence of foam.

3. One day is enough for the foam to completely harden. After that, its remains, ugly sticking out of the gap under the windowsill, must be cut off with a clerical knife.

4. If the window sill initially had irregularities, then during installation a gap may remain between its upper part and the frame. It is carefully filled with silicone. It should be borne in mind that this material has low biostability and may turn black from fungus. The gap will not appear if, in advance (before installation), galvanized iron plates in the shape of the letter “Z” are fixed on the window sill profile. In addition to the fact that these plates will allow you to tightly grind the window sill, they will simplify the task of leveling it.

Final adjustment of the window

At this stage, you can remove the protective tape from the window structure and finally screw the handle. If finishing slopes is delayed, then do not remove the tape until all finishing work is completed.

Possible errors when installing windows

We list here the mistakes that are often made when installing windows and can adversely affect the usability and service life of the structure:

1. Installation is carried out with glazing beads outwards. This reduces the burglary resistance of the window, since in this case the glazing beads can be easily removed from the outside and the double-glazed window can be pulled out.
2. The window is poorly aligned, making it difficult to open and close.
3. Mounting foam is not protected from the rays of the sun, as a result of which it collapses.
4. Due to incorrect measurements or too low fastening of the window structure, the window sill cannot be placed under the frame and must be attached directly to it.
5. The window structure is not fixed by any fasteners and is held only by mounting foam. Then cracks may appear on the slopes, since foaming is not a full-fledged fastener. Over time, it loses strength and the window becomes so mobile that it can fall out.

We hope that after reading the article you will be able to successfully cope with the installation of PVC windows. And even if you decide to contact the installation company, you will be able to understand and control this process at all stages.

Most owners of their own homes choose plastic windows for installation, not only because of their excellent performance, but also because of the ease of installation. This process is simple due to the fact that the design provides for very easy-to-install fasteners and additional parts that are included in the window package. Many are interested in how professional installers install windows. With the most minimal tool skills, any homeowner is able to install such windows.

Of course, as with the installation of any structural element, when installing PVC windows, you will need to observe a number of features and certain actions. It is advisable to perform this kind of work with an assistant, even if they do not have any building skills, some difficulties may arise when leveling the window if you do this work alone. The correct execution of all the nuances of installation will help you to accurately complete the work and save on the labor of employees.

Performing measurements and calculations

Before purchasing windows, you should measure the openings - based on these data, you will make an order to the workshop. When taking measurements, it is necessary to take into account whether they are a quarter or not. For buildings made of foam concrete, openings with a quarter are characteristic, which greatly reduces heat loss. For an opening without a quarter, when ordering fiberglass windows, the length will be 5 cm less than the same parameter for the opening. 3 cm is subtracted from the value determined as the width of the opening. Gaps of 1.5 cm should be provided along the contour - they are necessary in order to carry out foaming. At the bottom, an additional 3.5 cm should be left for mounting the window sill. According to GOST, it is supposed to leave 2 cm around the perimeter.

To make the correct measurements for an opening with a quarter, measurements must be taken at the narrowest point. When ordering windows, 3 cm must be added to the measured width, the length does not change the value.

More often, PVC window structures are not arranged in the middle of the opening, but retreating in depth from the outer plane by approximately 1/3. But if you are going to install the design yourself, the window can be slightly shifted at your discretion. To order ebbs and window sills, these parameters must be taken into account. Add 5 cm to the width indicators that are calculated for the intended location of the windows.

When determining the width of the future window sill, the battery must be taken into account - it should be about half closed by the window sill. Add another 2 cm - the window sill will need to be brought under the base of the window frame. It is necessary to leave a margin along the length - at least 8 cm. But it will be much better if you add 15 cm - this allows you to cut the window sill more beautifully.

In the kit, plastic side plugs are usually attached to the ebbs and window sills. You should not refuse them, although some masters do just that.

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Window frame mounting methods

The technology for installing PVC windows does not depend on how many internal chambers are in the metal-plastic profile, or on the number of chambers in double-glazed windows. When developing an installation plan, you will need to take into account the following points: the material from which the walls of the housing are made, and the dimensions of the window plastic structure. Depending on this, the method of fastening and the devices that will be used are determined.

Plastic window frames can be fixed in the opening using the following elements:

• using dowels, mounting anchors, which must be inserted into the walls through special through holes, which are performed in the profile in advance;
• another option is special toothed plates pressed into the profile, which are not inserted into the wall, but placed “by surprise” and fixed with screws.

The most reliable of them is considered the 1st option. It is more often used in cases where it is necessary to install window systems with considerable dimensions and weight. Window frames with through fastening quite well resist various shock loads that can occur, for example, when operating PVC systems with sashes that open in different positions. Anchors passing through the plastic frames through, allow you to more accurately adjust the structure during installation both vertically and horizontally.

Those who wish to find out the method of correct installation of PVC windows, which are small in size, with blank double-glazed windows, may be interested in fixing the structure using anchor plates. Fasteners will not spoil the appearance of the window - they are closed by slopes.

To install anchor plates in the openings of walls made of brick or concrete, it will be necessary to make recesses. If they are not done, it will be necessary to apply an extra leveling layer before installing the internal slopes.

Sometimes installers try to combine these 2 methods. The anchors are deepened into the walls through the bottom profile, that is, the base of the window structure and the sides of the frame, and the upper part is fixed with plates. If the installation of PVC windows is carried out in a bathhouse built of wood, anchor plates should not be installed - they loosen during operation. In some cases, galvanized self-tapping screws are used instead of anchors.

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The nuances of installing plastic windows in wooden buildings

The installation process will be significantly influenced by the type of material from which the housing is built. For example, for walls made of hollow or solid bricks, foam concrete, the differences will be only in the depth at which the anchors are installed. But openings in walls made of logs or beams will require a special approach. Here it will be necessary to take into account the installation method and choose the right time for this.

Plastic windows can be installed in walls made of wooden building materials only a year after the construction of the house. It is even better to wait 2 years - during this time the shrinkage process will enter the stage in which subsequent operation will be longer and more reliable. For buildings made of glued laminated timber, the shrinkage period lasts the fastest.

Installation of a window should not be carried out immediately into the opening, as is sometimes done in villages.

A plastic window should only be inserted into a wooden box, which will protect the window structure from skewing. The window block itself must be free from any damage, defects, rot are unacceptable. Before starting work, it should be treated with an antiseptic composition.

After the PVC windows are installed in place, the shrinkage of the log house does not end. True, it will not continue so intensively. In order for it not to cause a crushing defeat to plastic structures, it is recommended to leave a gap of 3-7 cm between the upper edge of the frame and the window frame. After the window is put in place, the gap is filled with jute insulation and closed on both sides with platbands.

There are no exact recommendations in the building codes on what materials ebbs and window sills should be installed in wooden houses. As a rule, standard ebbs are installed, which are ordered in one set with the window design. Window sills are both wooden and made of polymers. The bottom profile can be supported on a wooden window sill, i.e. it can be installed before the window is installed.

For those who are going to install windows with their own hands, but do not have much experience in this matter, the following information may be useful. Since wood passes moisture vapor well, the technical qualities of the mounting foam used when installing the window are seriously reduced. So that the foam blown around the perimeter of the structure is not exposed to moisture and does not get wet, along the line on which it is applied, foil polyethylene tape should be applied to the window unit. This nuance is not specified in the regulations, but experienced installers highly recommend not to neglect such equipment when installing a window.

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Standard installation methods for plastic windows

The technology for installing plastic window structures includes such a moment as the use of mounting foam. In addition to providing insulation, it will give additional rigidity to the connection of the opening with the frame. Thus, a layer of polyurethane foam, obtained as a result of its polymerization, simultaneously protects the opening and fixes the structure. So that under the influence of adverse external influences, the foam layer would not lose its technical properties, it is better to surround it with additional insulation.

Regarding when exactly to insert PVC windows, the decision is made by the owners of the home. You can also find such an opinion that it is better to install it not in summer, but in winter - in this case, all installation flaws will appear immediately and can be corrected very quickly. When choosing mounting foam for work, pay attention to the information on the composition - it should indicate at what temperature you can work with this product. The foam will only cure at the temperature specified in its performance data, so you should not use foam intended for use in extreme cold conditions for summer work, and vice versa.

How to carry out foaming can be found in the instructions that the manufacturer applies to specific products. Usually foaming starts from the bottom, gradually moving up. The movements must be circular. In order to use less expensive material, it is better to blow out the foam in several steps, counting segments of about 25-30 cm.

To shift the dew point, it is better to perform foaming with different densities. In practice, it looks like this: they try to compact the outer layer of foam less than the layer facing inward. Foam should be poured around the perimeter of the window frame as evenly as possible, without gaps and voids.

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How to prepare a window opening for work?

To install PVC windows, preparatory work will be required before work. Before installation, any contamination should be completely removed from the window opening: dust, construction debris, particles of old paint. At self-fulfillment craftsmen should be aware that when installing a new plastic structure in a used wooden window frame, upper layer it is better to completely cut. It is not reliable enough, it is better to remove it completely so as not to disturb the adhesion of the foam to the surface.

If the gap between the opening and the window frame does not exceed 4 cm, they are filled only with foam. With a larger width of the gaps, it is better to fill them partially with other, cheaper materials. It can be pieces of timber, drywall, polystyrene, brick fragments and other construction waste.

Currently, more and more people give their choice in favor of metal-plastic windows. Such double-glazed windows are equipped with ordinary apartments, and country houses, and luxurious country mansions. And quite often people install new windows with their own hands. Depending on the chosen method of installation and the skills of the installer, the process of installing one window will take from one and a half hours to half a day. The technology for installing windows is extremely simple and straightforward. It does not require the use of any complex tools. The main thing is to adhere to the installation order and comply with all the requirements dictated by the installation technology.

Necessary measurements before ordering plastic windows

Proper installation of new windows requires an accurate measurement of the window opening. In addition, it is important to know the features of installing windows in openings with a quarter. Such window openings are usually found in foam concrete buildings. They help to significantly reduce heat loss. The main difference is that a window with a length of 50 mm less than the length of the opening is installed in the opening without a quarter. 30 mm must be subtracted from the measured width. Leave gaps of 15 mm along the contour of the opening for foaming. In accordance with the current GOSTs, 20 mm must be left around the perimeter. From below, additionally leave 35 mm under the window sill.

If the installation of PVC windows will be carried out in a window opening with a quarter, measure at the narrowest point. When ordering, add 30 mm to the window width. The length does not need to be changed.

As a rule, the window is not installed in the center of the opening, but at a distance of about 1/3 deep from the outer plane. If the installation of PVC windows is done by hand, then the owner can move the structure in any direction convenient for him. Consider offset in advance and consider given parameter when ordering an ebb and window sill.

To the width of the ebb and window sill determined in accordance with the location of the window, add 50 mm each. When calculating the width of the window sill, additionally take into account such an indicator as the location of the battery.

The window sill should cover the radiator halfway. Add 20 mm to insert the product under the base of the PVC window. The margin in length must be at least 80 mm. But it’s better not to save too much and add 150 mm so that in the future you can cut the window sill beautifully without any problems. Together with the ebb and window sill, you will be offered to order side plastic plugs. You don't need to give up on them.

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Which frame mounting method should I choose?

The installation of PVC windows does not depend on the chamber size of the double-glazed window, nor on the number of internal chambers in the profile. The order of installation of the product can change only taking into account the material of the walls and the size of the window. Suitable mount and method PVC mounting windows are selected in accordance with the listed parameters. To fix the window structure, you can use:

1. Dowels or anchors that cut into walls through existing or pre-prepared through holes in the profile.
2. toothed plates. They are pressed into profile. They are fastened against the wall and fixed with screws.

Practice shows that the first option is the most reliable. It is most often used when installing heavy and large windows. In the case of through fastening, the window will normally withstand the multiple shock loads that inevitably occur when turning and tilting. window sashes. In addition, with the help of anchors, the installer gets the opportunity to adjust the horizontal and vertical of the product to be installed as accurately as possible.

Those who install windows with blank double-glazed windows, i.e. without hinged and flaps, more interested in installation using anchor plates. These products are hidden under the slopes, so they will not spoil the appearance. If the walls of the house are made of brick or concrete, then it is recommended to prepare small recesses for the plates. They will eliminate the need to apply a leveling layer before the slope device.

Sometimes both methods are used in combination. Through the lower profile and the side parts of the frame, anchors are deepened into the walls, and plates are used to fix the structure. If the windows are installed in a building made of wood, it is better to refuse the use of plates, because. they loosen after a short time. In this case, galvanized screws are more preferable.

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What you need to know the owner of a wooden house?

The process of installing PVC windows is very dependent on the material of the walls. In the case of brick and foam concrete structures, the differences come down only to the depth of the anchors. With openings from a bar and a log house, everything is a little more complicated.

If the walls of the house are made of wood, you need to remember a number of important rules. Firstly, it is recommended to start installing PVC windows in a wooden house no earlier than a year, and even better, 2 years after the completion of the construction of the house. This requirement is dictated by the fact that during this time the material shrinks. Glued laminated timber is characterized by the smallest value and period of shrinkage. Secondly, windows are not installed directly into the opening. The product can only be mounted in a wooden box. It will protect the PVC window from deformation. The block must not have any defects, signs of damage by insects and rot, etc. Before starting any work, the wood must be treated with an antiseptic without fail.

After 1-2 years, shrinkage does not stop completely, but is no longer so strong. After the installation of PVC windows and the completion of finishing work, it will also take place. That is why at the top between the box and the opening you need to leave a gap of 30-70 mm. The size of this gap is selected taking into account the type and humidity building materials. After installation is completed, this gap must be filled with jute and closed with platbands.

Building codes do not establish any clear recommendations regarding materials for window sills and sills. As a rule, standard ebbs are used, which come with a PVC window. The window sill can be made of wood or polymer. The lower profile can be supported directly on a wooden window sill, i.e. you can, if desired, install this product before installing the window. Or you can not get rid of the old window sill, if it is normally preserved.

Experienced builders give a very useful recommendation, which is not in normative documents, but it will be useful to any person who decides to perform an independent installation of PVC windows. The wood is permeable. If no action is taken in this regard, these evaporations will gradually degrade the properties of the foam. And to prevent the foam from moistening, a polyethylene foam foil tape should be pasted along the line of its application.

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Preparing the opening and window for installation

Before proceeding to further work, prepare tools for mounting PVC windows. You will need the following:

1. Screwdriver.
2. Foam gun and directly foam.
3. Level.
4. Electric jigsaw.
5. Perforator.
6. A set of hex keys.
7. Pencil.
8. Yardstick.
9. Stationery knife.

After you dismantle the old window, carefully clean the opening of paint and debris. If the walls of your house are made of wood, you will have to additionally cut off the top layer if the new window is mounted in a box that has already served for some time. This pre-treatment provides a stronger adhesion of the foam to the top layer.

Builders recommend using foam to fill the gap only if the gap between the opening and the frame does not exceed 40 mm in size. If the gaps are larger, it is better to partially fill them with foam, drywall and other available materials. For example, in a house made of timber, you can use segments of the same timber.

First you need to remove the sash from the frame. To do this, pull the pin out of the top loop. You can carefully pry it off with a screwdriver or pliers. After that, remove the sash from the bottom hinge. If the window is deaf, you need to remove the double-glazed window from it. First, the longitudinal glazing beads are taken, after them - the transverse ones. Beads are easily removed with a spatula or a wide knife. It is enough to insert an auxiliary tool into the gap and begin to gradually shift it. Be careful not to damage the glass.

If the window small size, you can insert it using mounting plates without having to first remove the double-glazed windows or sashes. If it is possible not to violate the integrity of the factory design, then it is better not to do this. Take a sash or double-glazed window and lean the product against the wall at a slight angle, placing it on a flat horizontal surface, previously covered with thick cardboard or some kind of soft material.

In no case do not lay double-glazed windows and sashes flat. It is also forbidden to put them skewed. Even because of the smallest pebble under the base, a crack may appear in the product. Remove protective film from the outside of the frame. It is better to do it right away, because. in the future, this process will require much more effort.

Mark the places for installing fasteners. Builders recommend installing fasteners in increments of 40 cm. In accordance with the current GOSTs, the step should not exceed 70 cm. The standard indents from the impost and corners are 15 cm. If you install a PVC window using plates, attach them to the frame in advance. For this, self-tapping screws are used. Prepare holes for long self-tapping screws or anchor bolts. Use a metal drill for this. Drill from the outside of the frame.

Most instructions indicate that before starting installation, you need to fix it with PSUL protective tape. However, practice shows that it is quite inconvenient to glue it before installation. Therefore, you can do this after the installation is completed, nothing terrible will happen because of this.

Reading 7 min.

More recently, in glazing residential buildings and industrial buildings, only wooden window frames were used. Today, many consider them relics of the past and are in a hurry to replace them with modern metal-plastic structures. After all, in addition to high performance characteristics, they are much cheaper than wooden frames. To install plastic windows with your own hands, you do not need to have superpowers. Almost anyone who can hold a tool in their hands will cope with such a task.

However, do not forget that each job requires certain skills and craftsmanship. Lack of experience in installing windows can lead to a number of troubles. These are systematic breakdowns, loose fit and high throughput of street air into the apartment.

To avoid the above points, in this article we present step by step instructions, which will help you install your windows correctly and efficiently. If you still decide to trust professionals, be aware that some of them are not really like that, and for a number of reasons they openly neglect the individual stages of proper installation (some save time, others save money). Having an idea about the ongoing work, you can easily exercise independent control over the entire process. And later you will enjoy the high-quality operation of your windows, which will bring joy to all family members.

The main steps for installing new windows:

• taking measurements;
• dismantling of old windows;
• preparation of openings;
• assembly of a metal-plastic structure.

Not everyone knows that the manufacturer does not give absolutely no guarantee for their services in case of installing windows on their own. Therefore, if various troubles arise during the installation process, you should not rely on a refund or replacement. All metal-plastic structures are made strictly according to predetermined dimensions. In the event of your mistake, the window may not fit in the opening or it may turn out to be much smaller. And it will only be your fault. The employees of the company are solely responsible for the implementation of each of the stages of installation of the product.

Also, any inaccuracy made when installing a metal-plastic window will deprive you and your loved ones of all the advantages of a modern design and the expected level of comfort.

window measurements

When performing the necessary measurements, you need to pay attention to the fact that window openings exist with and without a quarter. Accordingly, they have different formulas for calculating sizes.

For the first case, we must measure the width of the opening between the existing quarters, this is done at the narrowest point. And then add 3-4 cm to the resulting numbers - this will be the width of our plastic frame. In addition, it is important to check that the largest distance between vertical quarters should not exceed the calculated block width.

Read also: "Karcher" for washing windows: features of use and benefits

The height is determined by measuring between the top quarter and the bottom surface of the window opening.

If the window opening is without a quarter, the desired values ​​\u200b\u200bcan be obtained by subtracting 5 cm from the vertical size (to put the window sill) and 3 cm from the horizontal.

When determining the size of the window sill and low tide, it is worth considering the following details:

1. Often the size of the window sill is chosen based on its functionality. It should cover the radiators and indoor flowers should be placed on it;
2. The window sill is taken along the length of the window opening exceeding 8-10 cm, its edges should be drowned in the slope cavity by approximately 4-5 cm;
3. The dimensions of the ebb are calculated taking into account the planned insulation. It is recommended to leave it protruding 5-10 cm from the wall.

Features of measuring balcony windows

When calculating the width of balcony windows, the length of the parapet is taken as the basis, it is on it that the entire structure will lean. Also, on both sides, it is necessary to subtract 6-7 cm, which will be needed for mounting the corner profile, with the help of which they are connected window blocks front and side parts. The distance from the roof to the railing, with the exception of a difference of 2.5-3 cm, which is important to set aside for fastening gaps, will be the height.

Regarding the side balcony frames, their dimensions are determined in the same way. The only thing is that you need to subtract 6-7 cm from the width for mounting the corner profile, as well as 2.5-3 cm for the gap from the wall to the window.

Features of measuring windows in private houses and buildings of the old fund

When measuring windows in private houses and buildings of the old fund, it is recommended to first beat off part of the slopes on both sides (in the measurement areas). This is done in order to see what the space occupied by the window opening is like. It often happens that there are dilapidated cement mortar and various heaters that can crumble during the dismantling of an existing window. positive moment here is what's new plastic construction it will be possible to slightly increase due to the expansion of the cleared window opening.

Ordering a metal-plastic window

Before contacting a company with an order, you should think about what type of double-glazed window is right for you. It can be one-, two- or three-chamber. As for fittings and fasteners, you can also choose them yourself.

FROM technical specifications plastic windows that will be preferable for your home, consultants of the manufacturer's company will help you figure it out already at the time of ordering.

Some important points during installation

When installing windows on your own, you should pay attention to the following:

• metal-plastic construction must be well fixed;
• the mounting foam, which fixed the windows, must be plastered on both sides (this will prevent its subsidence and deformation of the frame in the future);
• it is very important to set the structure vertically and horizontally using a level (this will help to avoid warping).

How to install metal-plastic windows with your own hands

Before starting the installation, prepare everything you need for work:

1. Window frame with fasteners;
2. Building level;
3. Mounting foam;
4. mount;
5. Bulgarian;
6. Windowsill.

The process of preparing the window block

Preparing the window is an important stage in the installation work that you do with your own hands. If necessary, the double-glazed windows themselves and swing sashes are dismantled from the window structure. To release the double-glazed window, a chisel is used, it is very carefully necessary to pick up the glazing bead (fastening) and after a light blow on the tool it will come out of the grooves. Then the vertical fasteners are removed, top and bottom. The released glazing beads will need to be marked, sometimes their sizes can differ significantly, which will lead to the formation of gaps of several millimeters. The double-glazed window will come out of the grooves on its own if you tilt the frame a little. Gently lean it against the wall, creating a slight angle.