Pergola design in landscape design - for a summer residence or a garden. Pergola (70 photos): beautiful ideas for home and garden DIY pergola fence

29.08.2019

Do you want to add Mediterranean comfort to the landscape of the local area, make supports for climbing plants, zone the site, or simply create a shady place for carefree contemplation? An assistant in these matters will be a traditional wooden pergola.

As decorative and functional elements, pergolas began to be used in ancient Rome. In subsequent periods, the canopies entwined with greenery continued to be important elements landscape gardening and private areas. They do not lose their relevance even today. landscape design.

Today, pergolas are understood as a variety of designs. They can be with a straight or vaulted top, in the form of a free-standing building or adjoin the building, acting as a canopy for a terrace - the size, shape and architectural features of garden pergolas know no boundaries. We will tell you how to make a classic pergola with your own hands, in the form in which it was erected by the ancient Romans and which is considered to be the canon of Mediterranean landscape design.

The device of a traditional pergola

A classic pergola is a free-standing canopy made of wooden battens supported on thick supporting posts. The basic elements of a pergola are timber poles, load-bearing beams, struts and battens. The design looks as light as possible and is not overloaded, while it has sufficient strength to withstand the weight of plants and gusts of wind.

The battens of a classic pergola are made of boards mounted on edge. A board mounted in this way can better withstand the loads arising from the weight of climbing plants than a crate laid on the surface. In addition to increased rigidity and the absence of deflection, mounted on an edge wooden planks look more aesthetically pleasing, especially in the off-season, when they are not hidden by greenery.

About material selection

Year-round operation of the pergola on outdoors focuses on the choice of wood. A lot of materials are needed for the manufacture of this design. Not everyone is able to buy larch, thuja, oak, yew or other lumber in such a volume, which is well suited for all-weather outdoor use. A compromise solution in terms of durability and budget savings is the use of antiseptic pine boards and timber processed under industrial conditions.

Drawing of a classic wooden pergola with dimensions

Making a wooden pergola with your own hands

Due to the simple design, simple cutting pattern wooden parts and uncomplicated carpentry connections, even novice craftsmen will be able to cope with the construction of this project for a garden or a summer residence.

Guided by a detailed drawing with dimensions, the main elements of the pergola are prepared:

support poles - 6 pcs. 3.600x100x100mm;
beams - 6 pcs. 2.400x90x40mm;
crates - 16 pcs. 2.400x90x40 mm;
struts - 14 pcs. 800x90x40 mm.

Step by step installation instructions:

The construction of the structure on the site begins with the installation of supports. As pillars use a beam of 100x100 mm. The simplest and most reliable technology for installing supports is concreting in a well dug below the freezing level of the soil. The depth of the well must be at least 1 m. General principle this technology is shown in the photo.

On the installed pillars with a spike sawn at the end, with the help of self-tapping screws, load-bearing beams are mounted.

The battens, with selected quarters, are installed on a cruciform joint. Its dimensions and detailed details are shown in the drawing. The boards are fixed with self-tapping screws along pre-drilled guides at their end.

Installation of the crate: diagram of the mounting assembly.

Self-tapping screws are used for mounting the struts.
The final stage of the construction of the pergola is the creation of a decorative foot of the supporting pillars from a 10 mm thick board.

The presented pergola drawing is universal. This is a design that is easy to modify to suit the needs of your cottage or garden. In addition to it, you can build a wooden trellis for roses, clematis, grapes and other climbing plants. Inside, a bench, an outdoor table or a hand-assembled table can be easily accommodated, and the beams can withstand light children's swings. The dimensions of the pergola allow it to be used as a carport.

Increasingly, unusual architectural structures began to appear in summer cottages, resembling an openwork shelter made of climbing plants. A charming example of human creativity - do-it-yourself pergola, wins more and more hearts of nature lovers. It impresses with its originality, diversity and beauty. This design allows you to create bright floral patterns and a peaceful atmosphere on the garden plot. In addition, a do-it-yourself pergola allows you to create a chic design for a place to relax.

The name of this building comes from the Italian word meaning shed or outbuilding. Indeed, such structures can be adjacent to the living quarters, installed on the roof or stand alone in the garden. If you look at it from the inside, you understand that this is not just a gazebo and not props for climbing plants. The design consists of a set of repeating elements that are connected by bars. Every detail of it is completely covered with greenery or fragrant flowers. Many would like to have such beauty on their personal plot but do not know how to make a pergola with their own hands. A photo, detailed description, the basic principles for the manufacture of such a structure will help novice craftsmen get down to business.

Types and purpose of pergolas

It is worth noting that the ancient Romans made such structures solely for growing and convenient harvesting. They had no idea how their idea would affect creative people who turned ordinary props into an exotic place in the garden. Traditionally, do-it-yourself pergolas are created from several arches, which are connected by a patterned ceiling. Such designs in an instant turn a garden path into a fabulous "country" full of secrets and bright hopes.

Due to the variety of shapes and designs of openwork compositions, pergola can perform the following functions:

design of a recreation area;
decoration of the garden space;
reliable shelter from the sun;
arrangement of a summer dining room;
a place for solitude after a hard day;
swing cover;
suitable area;
benches;
dance floor and stage.

From this it is clearly seen that the pergola in the country is an original place for the whole family to relax.

Despite the elegance and beauty of such a structure, it is necessary to carefully select the shape of the structure so that it harmoniously fits into the garden landscape.

Modern designers offer various forms such structures:

arch;
elongated triangle;
sphere;
rectangle;
wide visor;
corridors of several pergolas.

Let's consider just a few of them.

Awning

Often, such pergolas are attached to a living space and serve as a carport or a playground for small children. A tent gazebo is equipped to demonstrate various flowering plants. You can also comfortably dine with your family in the evening singing birds.

patterned screen

This version of the pergola is installed along the neighboring fences to hide from ill-wishers and envious people. With a screen, the site is successfully divided into zones where small children frolic.

wide visor

In areas with a warm climate, such pergolas are often found. They are covered with dense branches. vine that protect the house from the scorching summer sun.

arch tunnel

Along garden paths set up a complex of several metal structures, the decor of which is a pergola. It is an original shelter and green decoration of the garden.

For a tunnel gazebo, you can use various forms of arches and create stylish designs landscape.

It is also important to note the variety of textures of such structures. A pergola with an openwork lattice can be installed even in a small area of \u200b\u200bthe garden. She looks romantic and attractive. A stone structure is suitable for spacious courtyards built in a castle style. Wooden pergola successfully blends into the landscape country houses and attracts fans of rustic comfort. In addition, pergolas are made of metal, plastic and fittings. They can be with a rounded roof, with kinks, as well as a fan-shaped shape.

When choosing a coating material for a structure, consideration should be given to climatic conditions area, especially in winter.

Do-it-yourself pergola - the way to achieve the goal

In our difficult time, when prices are constantly rising, enterprising craftsmen equip their summer cottages on their own. And, of course, they try to make them real paradises. Why not start from the original vacation spot. Those who have heard the word "pergola" and know what it is, will surely begin to create just such a design. It can be made from the following materials:

wood;
plastic;
metal;
aluminum;
fiberglass;
vinyl;
bamboo;
combined options.

When the choice is made, the first step is to determine the appropriate size of the pergola so that it is proportional to the backyard area. If it is small, then the maximum distance between the main racks should not exceed 1.5 m. The main thing is that it is convenient to enter it, given the greenery that grows luxuriantly on the structure. standard height pergola structure approximately 2.5 m.

When constructing an arch, special attention should be paid to the strength of the connecting nodes and the stability of the bearing supports. Even inexperienced masters understand the significance of these factors. After all, the structure is continuously exposed to the elements of nature: wind, rain, snow and the scorching sun. The do-it-yourself pergola step-by-step instructions shown on the thematic video will help beginners build this original arch. Having carefully reviewed the basic principles of construction, you can safely get down to business and fulfill your dream.

The secrets of creating a pergola from wood

You can build such a unique country garden decoration yourself from lumber or the following types of trees:

larch;
acacia;
pine;

Regardless of the species, the wood must be well dried and treated with a special antiseptic.

The next step in creating a pergola with your own hands is drawings that will help you do everything. necessary calculations.

They are the main reference point for the implementation of all work.

supporting pillars;
beams;
crossbars;
crates;
struts;
adjustable anchors;
sand;
gravel;
cement;
tubular formwork.

It is important to collect and necessary set tools:

a hammer;
chisel;
wood saw;
self-tapping screws;
metal staples;
clamps;
roof mounts;
sail;
cable;
glue;
stain;
different kinds bolts;
screws;
metal bases.

To build a wooden pergola with your own hands, first choose a suitable place on the site and make markings. For this use:

special pegs;
building level;
roulette;
tight laces.

Then proceed to the installation of support racks (ideal for wooden beam size 100:100 mm). To do this, pits 1 m deep are dug at the corners of the intended structure. Gravel is poured into the bottom, load-bearing supports are inserted and the structure is concreted.

To the top of the pillars, with the help of self-tapping screws, load-bearing beams are attached.
And then crates are installed on the cruciform connection.
At the final stage, produce decoration bearing supports.

The provided drawings of a classic gazebo are considered universal. Therefore, they can be modified depending on personal preferences.

Experienced craftsmen complement classic wood pergolas with a trellis for climbing flowers.

A simplified way to build a leisure area in a summer cottage

Quite often, on the territory of country houses, many erect a chic fence for recreation - a metal pergola. A photo and an understanding of how to make it will help you gain courage and get down to business. Actually simple version Consider the order of work in the construction of this product.

First of all, they draw up a diagram or drawing of the future structure, as well as the amount of material that will be needed for the gazebo.

For the manufacture of metal pergolas do it yourself profile pipe section 25 by 50 mm.

When the calculations are done, choose original plot garden and make markings. The next step is the manufacture of the frame. To do this, using a grinder, cut the edges of the pipes at an angle of 45 ° C. After that, they are connected to each other in the form of a square with a welding device.
Then add a few slats for the rigidity of the structure. The design and dimensions of the pergola must correspond to the original drawing of the product. From this depends on its strength and durability.

Two are used for the base. metal profiles connected at an angle of 90°. Corners are welded to the top and bottom of the structure, which is cut at 45 ° small size. The rigidity of the structure is reinforced with metal jumpers, which are welded at the same angle (45 °).

When installing a metal pergola, it is mandatory to strengthen the bearing supports. The process is carried out using concreting in the same way as for a wooden pergola. The evenness of the pillars is regulated by a plumb line and a building level.

Before installing metal parts into the ground, it is necessary to treat them with an anti-corrosion solution.

When the supports are installed, proceed to the installation of the roof. Welded structures are lifted and laid on supports and alternately connected. A jumper is added to each corner to ensure the reliability of the pergola. The finished structure is painted in any color you like.

Decorative stands for climbing plants

Some craftsmen make small pergolas from reinforcement on their plots. Their advantage is that such a design can be made of any shape and even a collapsible type. To do this, washers are welded at the main attachment points and fixed with wrench bolts. In addition, such pergolas can be decorated with forged decorative details. Often they are used as a support for.

For several centuries, gardeners have come up with all kinds of designs of arbors, canopies and openwork arches to decorate them with lush greenery and flowers. And today, even novice craftsmen can easily make a pergola for climbing plants with their own hands and install them in the garden.

This structure is a structure that is used to protect the area from the scorching sun. It is used to create different types garden landscape, green fences and even shelters for cars.

To create a pergola, you need to connect several repeating arches with cross bars. In addition, the structure can be independent and adjacent to the building. It all depends on the desire and preferences of the master. It can even be made from such improvised materials:

wooden bars;
metal fittings;
plastic;
plant shoots.

Let's take a closer look at some of the species.

There is no waste in the garden

The original pergola is made from branches using simple materials and tools (axe and rope). To do this, one of the edges of the shoots is sharpened, after which they are tied with a strong rope and set up in the form of a tent. A climbing plant will be able to freely climb the structure, creating shade on a hot day.

Openwork designs for green design

From metal fittings or wooden slats it turns out a wonderful ring column. First, the main elements are exposed in a circle. Then they are connected with a strong rope. The result is an original support for climbing garden plants.

Arched pergola for the garden

For the construction of the structure, the following materials are used:

metal fittings;
wooden bars;
plastic pipes.

An arched pergola is installed as an amazing support for climbing plants to enhance the beauty of the garden landscape. It serves as an excellent entrance or entrance to the courtyard and a wonderful area for relaxation.

Pergolas with battens

Such structures are made of wooden slats, which are treated with an antibacterial agent and a layer of varnish is applied before assembly. The finished product is attached to the building with screws and dowels.

Original structure for majestic climbing roses

What could be more beautiful than a "living veil" consisting of many bright colors. Red or yellow buds exude a unique aroma when entering a private area. It is even better to enjoy their beauty while sitting in a pergola for a rose, the photo of which evokes pleasant feelings. But before you build it, you must consider the following principles:

The design must be reliable, because climbing roses are very heavy due to the huge number of buds. Therefore, the bearing supports are buried in the ground.
The rose is a majestic flower and should fit harmoniously into the garden landscape.
When choosing the size of the structure, the area of \u200b\u200bthe personal plot should be taken into account.

If it is not possible to build a pergola for roses, you can make trellises that are easy to place near any building.

It is interesting that such a pergola, strewn with many bright flowers, can perform various functions on the territory of a country house:

original transition from one part of the garden to another;
"live" connection between buildings;
unique landscaping of the veranda;
flowering alley garden design.

For the construction of such a pergola, wood, metal, and sometimes stone buildings are used. Forged structures mounted on a stone base look wonderful against the background of the garden. In such a pergola, you can spend hours thinking about the meaning of life, reading interesting novels and just enjoying the surrounding nature.

A unique place to watch the skies

The absence of a cozy cottage outside the city is not a reason to abandon home paradise. It can be arranged on the roof of a residential building. In metropolitan areas, this type of recreation has been practiced for several decades. Therefore, brave guys equip a pergola on the roof of the house in which they live.

A miniature gazebo made of metal rods against the background concrete slabs will seem like a real oasis of pleasure. Decorate it with ampelous flowers that exude a delicate aroma and create a light shadow. In the daytime, in such a "tent" you can watch the clouds, and at night you can contemplate the majestic stars.

In the field of landscape design, as well as in many areas of our life, changes are constantly taking place, new trends, preferences and fashion trends are emerging. It is not surprising that the majority of owners of private houses, summer cottages and household plots try to arrange their land holdings with maximum convenience, comfort and aesthetics. In this publication, we will consider such an element of landscape design as a pergola. Initially, the pergola was used as a support for the distribution of climbing plants, most often grapes. Nowadays, this arched structure made of wood (metal, stone and even plastic) is also used as a canopy, gazebo, visor over front door and just decorative element home territory.

What and how is a pergola made of

In the manufacture of pergolas, the following materials can be used:

tree of various species;
metal;
a rock;
plastic and metal-plastic;
combination of materials.

The undisputed leader among the materials for the execution of such elements of landscape design as a pergola is considered to be wood. Not only the naturalness, flexibility and availability of raw materials have become the main reasons for the use of natural material, but also the high aesthetic qualities of finished products. Wood structures can be easily combined with any elements of landscape design, buildings, plantings. In addition, wood is perfectly combined with other types of raw materials for the manufacture of original pergolas. For example, the bases of a pergola can be made of stone (in the form of columns), and the crossbeams can be made of wood. Or the structure may have wooden supports and a metal lattice as ceilings.

When choosing a material, it is necessary to proceed from the compiled (or intended) image of the site, its stylistic execution and financial investments to the project. So, what tasks can a pergola perform on suburban area or in the courtyard of a private household:

the design may be necessary to correct the growth of climbing plants;
can act exclusively as a decorative element of landscape design, decorating the image of a personal plot or backyard;
with the help of a pergola, you can “disguise” technical structures that are unsuccessfully knocked out of the overall design picture (barn, garage, poultry house, etc.);
with the help of such buildings, you can zone the site;
with the help of a pergola installed for the growth of climbing plants, you can create a kind of "green corridor" from one building (or an important landscape design object) to another;
a pergola can serve as a place for relaxation and solitude, because it becomes a source of coolness and shade on the site (arbors, awnings);
a pergola installed in front of the windows creates a shadow for the southern part of the house or any other building (canopies, canopies).

If the pergola is designed to support climbing plants, then, on the one hand, the design should look easy, but on the other hand, it should be strong enough, stable and reliable, because the branches of some plants weigh several kilograms.

Pergola - a variety of designs

Pergolas are distinguished not only by the type of material used for construction, but also by the very type of construction:

pergola - awning. This type of construction is most similar to a canopy, only instead of a solid roof there is a series of battens, beams or a lattice. This design can protect from the sun, but not from the rain. It is installed as a stand-alone building, and can be adjacent to a larger building - a house, a summer kitchen, a veranda, a bathhouse;
pergola- screen. Used to create a shaded space for privacy. The design can be used as a zoning element;
pergola- visor. This trend came to us from the southern countries - a device that helps to create a shadow near the windows of the south side of the building;
pergola- corridor. As a rule, the design is used to create a green tunnel - climbing plants create an excellent shade, relying on the elements of the pergola.

All designs of pergolas can be divided into two large groups:

detached structures (standing apart from buildings);
adjacent to buildings (most often they are part of a house, veranda or other buildings).

When choosing a pergola design, it is important to correctly determine the size. Too large a structure in a small summer cottage or garden plot will look ridiculous, too high - create little shade, and too small may not support the weight of climbing plants. But everything depends not only on the size of the land plot or yard, but also on the scale of other structures participating in the landscape ensemble - from the main building to the swing or alpine slide.

Pergolas can be square and rectangular, arched or with sloping ceilings. The choice of form depends on your personal preferences and the execution of other elements of landscape design, the size of the pergola itself and the building to which it can adjoin, if it is not a separate structure.

Arched pergolas are more complex and expensive to manufacture, but their appearance makes up for any costs. After all, this is exactly what the first structures of this type of landscape structures originally looked like. Graceful curved ceilings will decorate even the most ordinary design, giving the entire ensemble a touch of unobtrusive luxury, elegance and status.

Where to install a pergola

The place for installing a pergola is determined, first of all, by its functional load. It is necessary to decide whether the structure will be part of the decorative component, whether it will become a support for climbing plants or will create a shadow as a canopy, gazebo, "green corridor". Also, the place for installing a pergola is affected not only by the size of the land plot (yard), but also by its layout.

One of the most common options for installing a pergola as a freestanding structure is associated with organizing a place for meals on fresh air. Agree that it would be strange to have your own yard or summer cottage and not be able to gather the whole family for lunch or dinner in the open air. Of course, the pergola will not protect your dinner table from precipitation, but from the scorching sun will save.

An equally common option for mounting a pergola is the fit of the structure to the main or secondary building. Most often, the pergola acts as a canopy or a large visor, which is a continuation of the house (less often, the summer kitchen). With this arrangement, you can organize a place for meals or a recreation area directly near the house, which simplifies traffic and is ideal for households with small land plots or backyards.

The pergola may not be part of the house, not be its continuation, but be in close proximity, for example, on a wooden platform attached to the main building. For many homeowners, this option for organizing a place to relax, eat and barbecue is the most convenient in terms of layout and movement between functional areas.

A place for a barbecue and other options for cooking on fire is the pride of any homeowner with a plot. The possibility of preparing a meal in the fresh air is no less enjoyable than its absorption. For shading and partially covering the barbecue area, a pergola can also be an excellent landscape design component. The pergola will look great both in the company of a compact brazier and a large-scale outdoor stove.

The pool area needs shading. Even under a small pergola, garden furniture for relaxation can easily fit - trestle beds or sunbeds, armchairs or a small sofa. You can relax by the pool without fear of getting sunstroke. But at the same time, the space under the pergola will be fully ventilated, which cannot be said about the gazebos.

At their summer cottage, a pergola can be used as a zoning element, separating flower beds from working area. If it is necessary to plant plants that love the shade, then the pergola can be used as a structure for shading the site. You can also designate and hide from the sun a playground, swings or horizontal bars. Similar techniques can be applied even within the framework of a small backyard of urban private households.

A pergola can be part of a balcony on the second floor of a private household. If the balcony is located on the south side of the building, then for most of the day the sun will shine mercilessly not only in the recreation area, but also in the rooms through which you can access outdoor terrace top floor. Some shading of the balcony and windows will provide a light, but at the same time durable pergola construction. Its style of execution and color scheme should match the overall palette of the facade of the building.

Choice of color solution

The choice of color for the performance of the pergola is influenced by the overall picture of landscape design and color solutions, which were used for the manufacture of other elements of landscape design (the main building and additional buildings). It is important to decide whether you want your pergola to stand out against the general background of the local area, be a kind of accent, or it should organically fit into the image of the site, sharing the overall color scheme.

Most of the options for the execution of any landscape structures made of wood are associated with the use of its beautiful natural pattern. After all, what could be better and more beautiful than the natural color of wood? Especially if other elements of buildings and structures are made of a similar material. Of course, wooden structures do not remain untreated - they are covered with special antiseptics and varnishes that prevent rotting and dampening of the material.

The snow-white performance of the pergola looks luxurious against the backdrop of bright greenery of trees and shrubs, lawns and flower beds. A bright and clean image created by the white surfaces of structures (including the pergola will be in the spotlight) will give a festive, solemn, elegant look to the entire landscape design of the site.

When choosing a color solution for a pergola, you can stop at a combination of colors and textures. If your design is different materials(wood + metal or stone + wood), then it would be logical to use different color schemes for each type of raw material. Experts recommend using no more than two options. For example, snow-white columns go well with any color of wood on the crossbars and beams. And dark metal supports are perfectly combined with wood of bright colors.

A contrasting choice of colors (black, dark gray, dark chocolate color) is perfect for highlighting the structure against the general background of the site. The dark pergola will look especially impressive in the company garden furniture similar shade. Or you can combine a contrasting dark tone with the color of the fence, low fences or borders on the flower beds, part of the facade of the main building (rain drains, a canopy over the porch, steps or front door).

2018-11-30 11:15:58 Pergola in landscape design

Pergola - a garden structure for climbing plants, which also serves as a canopy, protects a terrace or a transition between buildings or parts of a garden from the sun.

As part of the landscape design, the pergola decorates garden plot, helps to zone it and creates a certain atmosphere.

When choosing appearance the future pergola should decide what functions it will perform.

It could be:

Decorative function, garden and landscape decoration;
Support for plants such as different types grapevine, hops, ivy, some varieties of roses;
Sun protection, shade where needed, e.g. over a terrace, a canopy over a car park;
Rest zone. There are pergolas combined with a bench or gazebo;
Garden zoning, the need to hide some area from prying eyes.

Depending on what functions the pergola should perform, the design is chosen.

There are the following types of structures:

awning structure. The main function of this type of pergola is a canopy for shade, protection from the sun. An awning can adjoin the house and become a canopy for a parked car. Or be freestanding and play the role of a gazebo. It will not protect against rain, but it will provide shade on a hot day.
Screen design. The name speaks for itself. This type of pergola will help in zoning when it is necessary to fence off part of the garden.
Visor construction. It will also provide a canopy and shade, it can adjoin some building.
Pergola in the form of a tunnel. It consists of several arches connected by horizontal beams. It makes sense to place such a structure above the path or when moving from one building to another.

When choosing a material for a future pergola, the following points should be considered:

The pergola must fit into general style landscape design, match the size of the site. Look easy;
The design must be strong and reliable. Climbing plants usually grow quickly, over time, the load on the elements of the pergola increases;
Watering plants contribute to high humidity, so it is necessary to process wooden elements pergola with an antiseptic solution and do it regularly.

The pergola can be made to order from specialized manufacturers, bought and assembled from ready-made elements. And you can make a wooden pergola yourself.

Wood is a material ideal for garden buildings, very malleable, environmentally friendly. Plants take root well on wooden pergolas.

Blueprints

Whichever version of the pergola is chosen, it is necessary to start work with the project. It is necessary to prepare a general view drawing in accordance with the dimensions of the future pergola. Dimensions depend on the area of the site and the selected design, are determined by the results of measurements at the installation site.

Example. Drawing of a general view of the design of the pergola in the form of an awning.

Example. A drawing of a general view of the design of the screen pergola.

Example. Drawing of a general view of the pergola canopy.

Example. General view drawing of one of the pergola elements in the form of a tunnel.

As can be seen from the example drawings, in any structure there are necessarily supports, they must be securely fixed in the ground. Support beams are placed on them, to which, in turn, transverse beams are attached, forming a canopy.

The only exception is the pergola screen, which is a fixed vertical lattice panel for climbing plants.

materials

Based on the drawing, are determined necessary materials and their number.

You will need:

Tubular formwork for bearing racks according to the number of supports fixed in the ground;
gravel, sand and cement;
Adjustable anchors according to the number of supports;
Wooden beam 10 × 10 or 15 × 15 cm 240 - 270 cm long by the number of bearing supports;
Boards 5 × 15 or 5 × 20 cm for support beams, their length usually protrudes beyond the perimeter by 15 - 30 cm;
Boards 5 × 15 cm for cross beams;
Boards 5 × 10 cm for the crossbars;
Screws 175mm;
Self-tapping screws 150 mm and 75 mm;
Decorative wooden bars right size and quantities.

All materials must be purchased taking into account the fact that they will be used outdoors. The material needed is high-quality, wear-resistant, for example, wood subjected to pressure treatment. The timber and boards must be free of chips, cracks and any deformations.

For construction wooden pergola You will need the following tools and fixtures:

Shovel or drill to dig holes for supports;
Container for mixing cement;
Roulette;
Level;
Jigsaw, ;
Drill;
A hammer;
Screwdriver;
Stairs.

Work on the construction of the pergola begins with the marking of the contour at the site of the future construction. To do this, you need pegs and a rope stretched over them. This step is very important, as you can check the perpendicularity of the sides of the structure and determine the exact location of the corners.

The next stage is digging holes for the bearing supports. The diameter of the pits corresponds to the dimensions of the formwork, the depth is 70-90 cm. A layer of gravel is poured into the pits, and the formwork is placed. After the formwork has been set, it is checked with a spirit level whether the forms are arranged in the same way. If necessary, the supports are leveled.

After that happens. At this stage, adjustable anchors are installed in the concrete, they will be needed for installation wooden poles pergolas. The concrete hardens for 48 hours, then you can add earth around the supports, compact it and install the racks.

Manufacturing and installation of pergola

1. Pergola support posts are made from a beam of 10x10 or 15x15 cm, which is sawn off according to the drawing of the required length in order to obtain a structure of the desired height. Racks are fastened in anchors with the help of special screws - capercaillie. The vertical position of the racks is also determined using a spirit level.

It is possible to fix the timber directly in the cement, without anchors. In this case, it is necessary to pre-treat the ends of the supports with hot bitumen.

2. After installing the vertical supports, you can proceed to the manufacture of support beams. For this, a 5 × 15 or 5 × 20 board is sawn off required size, you can give it an original shape at the protruding ends with a jigsaw.

Before fixing on the support posts, the beams are also aligned with a level, then drilled through holes through beams and racks, bolts are inserted, nuts are tightened.

3. The next step is the cross beams.

A 5 × 15 cm board is suitable for their manufacture. The number of transverse beams is determined based on the fact that during installation the distance between them is about 30 cm. It is possible to install them more often, then there will be less light transmission and more shade.

The cross beams are attached to the support by means of grooves that must be cut according to the dimensions of the drawing. After installation in the groove, the beams are additionally fixed with self-tapping screws.