Growing a cedar from a nut is easy and simple. How to germinate pine nuts at home Sprouting cedar

17.06.2019

How to grow a cedar - "Homestead" N6, 1988.

"Cedar is a tree for children and grandchildren"
M. Ignatenko, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Honored Arborist of the RSFSR, Leningrad

Siberian cedar (the correct botanical name is Siberian cedar pine)- evergreen coniferous tree. It's true amazing plant has absorbed, it seems, all conceivable useful qualities: decorative and healing, winter hardiness and durability. The main wealth of the Siberian cedar is its nuts. Collected near Leningrad, they contained 61% fat, 20% protein, 12% carbohydrates. Note that these are nuts grown in the north-west of the country, where the weather is capricious. Nuts are very tasty and nutritious. Academician P.S. Pallas wrote 200 years ago: “In Switzerland, pine nuts are used in pharmacies; milk is made from them, which is prescribed in chest diseases ..., they say that they were used with benefit by consumptive people.”

Pine nuts contain vitamin A (vitamin for growth), vitamins of group B (anti-neurotic), which improve cardiac activity and are generally necessary for normal activity nervous system. They are especially rich in vitamin E (tocopherol, which in Greek means “I bear offspring”). It is not for nothing that during the years of good harvests of cedar, the fertility of sable and squirrel increases significantly. Doctors say that pine nuts contain substances that improve blood composition, prevent tuberculosis, anemia.

Cedar resin - resin- has embalming properties. For a long time, the inhabitants of Siberia and the Urals used it to treat purulent wounds, cuts, burns. During the Great Patriotic War, cedar resin was successfully used in hospitals to treat wounded soldiers. She protected wounds from infection, stopped gangrenous processes.

The needles are rich in vitamin C, carotene. It contains a lot of calcium, potassium, phosphorus, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt.

Valuable and cedar wood. Since it has bactericidal properties, moths do not start in cabinets made of cedar wood. Wood is used for the manufacture of about 10 thousand different products (pencil sticks, battery veneer, furniture, musical instruments).

The tree is beautiful with its green attire at any time of the year. High and antimicrobial properties of stone pine forests. The air in its plantations is practically sterile.

Siberian cedar has long been bred in our country. Successfully growing cedars planted in the suburbs, near Leningrad, Yaroslavl; some of them are over 100 - 200 years old, they successfully bloom, bear fruit and give mature seeds even in the Arctic. Many cedars have been planted by amateur gardeners in home gardens and in collective gardens. When breeding Siberian cedar, it must be taken into account that it cannot grow in dry sandy places, but prefers sandy or loamy, moist fertile soils.

Propagated cedar vegetatively, by grafting a cutting on Scots pine, but mainly by seeds. When tender, still immature seedlings are just knocked out of the soil, they are immediately pecked by birds (mainly crows). Therefore, plants have to be grown under plastic wrap.

Good results are obtained with autumn sowing seeds. To do this, in late September - early October, that is, a month before the soil freezes, the seeds are sown in prepared ridges and covered with spruce branches to protect them from mouse-like rodents. And in the spring next year seeds give friendly shoots.

Seeds sown in spring Siberian cedar require mandatory stratification. To do this, they are soaked in warm water (25 - 300) for 4-6 days. Every 1-2 days the water is changed. Then the seeds are mixed with well-washed river sand or peat chips and kept at room temperature. The mixture is periodically stirred and moistened. With this stratification, the seeds peck in 50-60 days. The seeds that have hatched are taken out to the cold and stored until sowing at a temperature close to zero. In spring, sowing is carried out in late April - early May (depending on weather conditions). For 1 sq.m. 50 to 300 g of seeds can be sown. The depth of their embedding is 3-4 cm. The polyethylene film that protects the seeds and seedlings from birds is removed only after the shell has fallen off the emerging seedlings.

With thickened crops, seedlings dive. As soon as the sprouts appear in the form of a curved knee, they are dug up, sorted, cut the roots and planted under a peg on the ridges to the same depth at which they were. Planting pattern 20x20 cm or 20x10 cm. You can dive seedlings in the second year after germination. Subject to agricultural technology, the survival rate of cedar seedlings after picking is very high - up to 95%. 2-3 years after picking, it turns out a good planting material with a developed root system, which contributes to a better survival of seedlings after transplanting to a new place.

Plant Siberian cedar! It deserves to be bred both in the central regions of the European part of the RSFSR and in the northwest.

A. Klebanov.
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences Sciences, Ural Forest Engineering Institute, Sverdlovsk

Many rural residents of Altai, Siberia, the Urals are planting cedar in their backyards, streets and squares. Cedar is the beauty and pride of the taiga. True, trees do not always take root, but sometimes they grow up to 25 m, their trunk diameter reaches 2 m. How similar is the cedar to Scotch pine. At first glance, you can't tell them apart. But you pay attention to the needles. In cedars, it is surprisingly soft, long, trihedral, collected in whorls of 5-6 pieces, and in Scots pine, 2 and very rarely 3 needles. Cedar is famous for its longevity - it lives even up to 800 years. It is difficult, of course, to wait for the harvest. In forest plantations, it begins to bear fruit at the age of 40-70, sometimes later, and in gardens where care and fertilizing are carried out in a timely manner, at 15-20 years. But it continues to give a harvest of seeds for 250 years. Residents of the taiga regions call the cedar "breadfruit".

Of course, the question comes up again and again: where to buy planting material?

In areas where cedar grows in the forest, in spring or autumn you can contact the nearest forestry or forestry and buy seedlings 2-5 years old. Sometimes, only with the permission of forestry workers, it is possible to dig up cedar seedlings on skid trails, loading areas, cutting areas, oil pipeline routes, etc. In no case should you dig out a cedar from under the canopy of the forest, in forest plantations, in burnt areas. This is regarded as poaching and is punishable by a fine. But if you are allowed to prepare cedar planting material, dig it out carefully, preserving the roots as much as possible. Moisten the earth, as it should, and plant it on the same day. If this is not possible, then the seedling must be dug in immediately. Significant damage, fragments of tap roots or their "drying" in the air are the most common mistakes when planting a cedar.

Another common mistake is planting single trees. It is known that all coniferous trees are wind-pollinated, pollen from one tree is carried by the wind to another, contributing to cross-pollination. If it occurs inside the crown of a tree, and there is no other plant of the same breed in the neighborhood, then its seeds either do not set at all, or in the fall of the next year (the seed development cycle of the cedar lasts up to 18 months!) Ripe small and dissimilar. Therefore, cedar planting material must be obtained from different places in order to prevent inbreeding. It is desirable to plant seedlings on the site immediately to a permanent place, sufficiently lit, better in groups in 3-4 trees, at a distance of 5-8 meters from each other. Between cedar seedlings, you can plant low-growing fruit trees and berry bushes. It is very good to sow lupine - this "biological fertilizer" for several years will contribute to better growth and development of cedar seedlings, will bring the beginning of its fruiting closer. It is advisable to systematically water the soil around the perimeter of the tree crown, simultaneously applying mineral and organic fertilizers in the spring.

From the very first days after planting, care for the shape of the crown is obligatory. The formation of the so-called "garden forms" is most effective - low-pubescent, sprawling, it is good if it has a multi-topped crown, since female flower buds are laid along its periphery, mainly in the upper part. You can remove the lower branches to a height of 2-2.5 meters in the first 10-15 years of the tree's life, stretching the pruning time over the years. Use secateurs to remove branches "flush" with the trunk of the tree. In this case, the wounds heal faster. To prevent infection with spores of wood-destroying fungi, cover the cuts with garden pitch.

Pruning can be abandoned if, in the first 3-5 years after planting a 2-3-year-old seedling, break off the lateral buds on the axial shoot. In this case, all nutrients and growth substances enter one central bud of the axial shoot. The growth of this shoot per season increases by 2-2.5 times, and the need for pruning lateral shoots subsequently disappears. Break out side buds or cut side shoots, preferably in autumn-winter period before the start of the growing season.

An indicator of good survival and growth of cedar seedlings is dark green needles, a spreading crown with needles of 4-5 years of age, the growth of axial shoot in the first years is at least 5-10 cm per year.

And take into account one feature of the Siberian cedar. This tree species is very sensitive to air pollution. That's why undesirable planting of cedar near large industrial enterprises with increased gas or dust content in the air. In addition, large-sized seedlings require careful care, fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers. But in gratitude, you will receive delicious, high-calorie pine nuts. And your grandchildren, great-grandchildren for more than 200 years will remember the Man who planted and grew this majestic tree.

Professor MGUL, doctor of agricultural sciences Sciences I.I. Drozdov

Any natural talent is fully revealed only in certain favorable conditions, with appropriate education. So and Siberian cedar- only with appropriate attention and targeted care fully realizes its rich natural potential.

In wild cedar forests, trees are not productive enough. Here they are formed under the conditions of biogenosis - a kind of plant complex with high environmental properties, the possibility of side use of the forest and the production of valuable wood in ripe forest stands. In the settlement cedar forests, original cedar orchards, formed and groomed by man, the trees are presented in all their splendor. Trees with lush, evergreen crowns adorn the village landscapes in the best possible way, ennobling them with their colorful appearance. Phytoncides revitalize the atmosphere, walnut yields in the cedar forests near the village are almost 5-6 times higher than the yield of forest plantations every year.

However, with all the attractiveness of the cedar, growing it is more difficult than other conifers (Scots pine, larch, spruce). Foresters call the culture of Siberian cedar a school of patience. Its seeds are distinguished by deep dormancy and they germinate only after a winter stay in the cold for at least 3-4 months. Cedar crops require protection from rodents and birds. The first ten years the cedar grows slowly, reaching a height of 1.5 m. However, in the future, this breed is able to thank for the attention to it. Cedar gets along well in individual plots, near buildings. At 30 years old, it reaches a height of 9 meters, forms a lush crown, reaching 3 meters in diameter. By this time, there is little space for spruce, Scotch pine and larch, they are cramped on the site, and there is a problem with their felling.

Siberian cedar propagated mainly by seed, less often - vegetatively (grafting, rooting cuttings).

It is preferable to import cedar seeds from the plains and low-mountain regions of Western Siberia. When breeding this breed in the European part of Russia, it is better to focus on the spring sowing period (end of April, first half of May). To do this, the seeds are pre-prepared, stratified for at least 3 months in the cold, following the following procedure.

Seeds are soaked for 3 days, changing the water daily. Benign seeds during this period swell and sink to the bottom of the vessel. Empty and poor-quality seeds remain on the surface, they are removed. Benign seeds are etched in an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate. Then their seeds are mixed with a moist (50%) substrate (sand, peat, sawdust, conifers, etc.) in a ratio of 1:2 and placed in the cold (under snow, in a refrigerator, etc.). With a small amount of seeds, they can be placed in bags of several layers of loose fabric. It is important that the seeds are kept moist during the entire period of stay in the cold. Under the snow, they retain moisture well, in the refrigerator they must be periodically moistened. Seeds in bags can be placed in plastic bags without closing tightly.

Before sowing, the seeds are separated from the substrate, again pickled in a strong solution of potassium permanganate (up to a day) and dried for sowing.

It is better to plant them in a greenhouse, greenhouse, etc. on a loose peat-soil substrate. Here crops are reliably protected from damage by birds. IN comfortable conditions seed germination increases, seedlings grow 1.5-2 times faster than in open ground. Before sowing, it is advisable to add to the bottom of the sowing furrows at the rate of 1 meter: superphosphate 1 g, potash fertilizers - 0.5 g or wood ash - 2 g, mixed with 20 g of peat. Distance between sowing lines - 15-20 cm. Seeding rate - 30 g (125-150 seeds) per 1 meter. The depth of planting seeds in the soil is 3 cm. The surface of the crops is covered with a layer of loose mulch (peat, sawdust or other covering material) with a layer of loose mulch (peat, sawdust or other covering material) with a layer of 0.5-1 cm. During the season, it is necessary to weed and loosen the soil 3-4 times. Before emergence of mass shoots (10 - 12 days) watering is required. In the future, the seedlings develop a fairly deep root system.

To protect crops from infection of seedlings caused by the Fusarium fungus, in addition to preventive dressing of seeds, it will be necessary to pour sowing furrows with seeds sown in them with a 0.4% solution of potassium permanganate. When lesions appear, the stems of seedlings turn red, a constriction forms, they fall and dry out. Control measures: the first 2 weeks, seedlings are treated with a 0.4% solution of potassium permanganate 1-3 times with a solution flow rate of up to 10 liters per 1 m.

After 3 years, before the start of their growth, the seedlings are dug up and transplanted into a tree school with a placement of 0.4 x 0.4 m, where they are grown for 3-5 years to obtain larger seedlings. It is allowed to store seedlings dug out before the start of the growing season for 2 weeks in the cold. Bundles of seedlings (50 - 100 pieces) are packed in wet burlap, then in polyethylene film and placed in the basement or in a snow pile prepared in advance under a layer of sawdust.

You can grow seedlings with closed roots, i.e. in peat, plastic or other containers prepared for seedlings with a height of at least 8 cm and a volume of 200 - 300 cm. The containers are filled with a substrate from a mixture of peat and loam (1: 1) with the addition of a mixture (10 l) of granulated superphosphate - 50 g to a bucket, potassium salt - 25 g, dolomite lime 250 g.

The containers are filled with the substrate in mid-April and placed on the ground in the greenhouse. Cedar seeds after stratification are washed, pickled for a day in a 0.4% solution of potassium permanganate and germinated 7-10 days before sowing on wet sand or wet burlap.

Sprouted seeds are sown 1 piece in each container, covered with peat, sand or sawdust with a layer of 1 cm and watered with a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate (5 l per 1 m of container surface). Care consists in timely watering, two or three times loosening of the substrate surface, and removal of weeds. If lesions of seedlings (fusarium) are found, they are watered with a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate. If several seedlings have died, empty spaces are supplemented with germinated seeds or seedlings from additional crops.

The growing period is 2-3 years. In the first case, seedlings are grown for 2 years under a film cover, in the second - the first year in closed ground, the next 2 years in open ground with mandatory regular watering. The slightest overdrying of a small amount of substrate has a detrimental effect on plant growth. Grown seedlings are taken out of containers or transplanted directly in peat pots into large containers (paper-plastic milk bags, ceramic flower pots, plastic bags, etc.) or planted in the soil of a tree school (0.4x0.4 m) for sprouting them and obtaining 6-8-year-old seedlings.

Saplings of 6-8 years of age are more reliable than seedlings when transplanting cedar to a permanent place. In the tree school, they are dug out with a clod of soil (0.2x0.2x0.2 m) and transferred to the landing site, after wrapping the clod with a film or a damp cloth. Seedlings with a closed root system are freed from containers before planting.

Planting of seedlings is carried out in areas with previously loosened (dug up) not soddy loamy or sandy loamy soil. The planting hole is dug 30% more than the volume of the root systems of the seedlings. The excavated soil is mixed with fertilizers (peat, humus, rotted manure, wood ash), it is advisable to add 3-4 handfuls of forest litter from under the coniferous forest. The latter contributes better development on the root systems of mycorrhiza (symbiosis of root endings and hyphae of forest fungi), which provides good mineral nutrition of forest woody plants. The prepared substrate is poured to the bottom of the hole and the root system of the seedling is placed in the center of it so that its root neck (the border between the stem and the root system) is at the ground level of the plot. Next, the hole is filled with prepared loose soil, compacted by trampling and watered (0.5 buckets).

Place seats under seedlings linearly or in groups with a distance between them of at least 3 m. When laying garden-type plantings, placing seedlings 4x5 m or 5x5 m. good harvest cones in the future. With a rare standing of trees, cedar begins to yield crops from the age of 18.

Caring for cedar seedlings

When a white coating appears on young shoots (more often manifested in wet weather), it is necessary to treat them with a solution of laundry soap. It is diluted in warm water, the foam is whipped and then the affected shoots are thoroughly washed 2-3 times with a sponge or soft cloth swab. Otherwise, with the active development of whiteness, the shoots may die off. In this case, the tree, however, does not die, but the annual growth is lost.

Vegetative propagation of cedar, most often by grafting cedar cuttings on cedar or cedar on Scots pine, is carried out to clone valuable selected forms (in terms of growth intensity, decorativeness, yield), to speed up the appearance of the first cones. A sexually mature plant develops from a cutting - a scion taken from an adult tree from the upper female tier of the cedar crown. After 4-5 years, cones may appear on such a grafted tree.

Cedar cuttings can be rooted in special greenhouses, like blue spruce cuttings. But the technology of this process is quite laborious. In general, vegetative propagation of cedar is a rather complicated matter, and it is better to leave it to specialists.

Seed production of cedar is one of the main attractive qualities of this tree. In the free state, cedar grown from seed begins to form cones at the age of 18-20.

Siberian cedar is a monoecious tree, in the upper, most illuminated part of the crown, female ovules are located, below are male strobili. "Blossoms" cedar in June. Female "bumps" of crimson-violet color are hidden in the needles near the apical bud of the shoot. Male "flowers", orange-crimson, collected in large "inflorescences" at the base of the shoots. After 3-5 days they turn brown and fall off. Pollen is carried by the wind. After pollination, the female cones close, become green-brown, grow up to 2-3 cm, and until the next spring they are called "winter". Fertilization and seed formation occurs from the end of August and throughout September. To ensure cross-pollination, it is desirable to have a group of cedars (from 3 or more). To increase the reliability of pollination of female "flowers" in young cedars, artificial additional pollination can be carried out: shake off the pollen of male "flowers" on paper, place it in a jar and store it in the refrigerator for several days. As the female "flowers" open, apply pollen to them with a soft brush or gently blow off a piece of paper.

Cedar grows and bears fruit for several centuries. Near Yaroslavl, in the Tolgsky Monastery, about 50 cedars from the monastery garden, founded four centuries ago, have been preserved. Separate age-old fruit-bearing cedars are often found in the Yaroslavl region. Near Suzdal, an alley of 150-year-old cedars is successfully bearing fruit. In the Ivanovo region in the Ples tract near the town of Furmanov, a 120-year-old cedar grove (about 1 ha) bears fruit and gives natural renewal of cedar. In the Moscow region, near the town of Dolgoprudny, in the Klyazma parkleskhoz, there is a century-old grove of two hundred cedars. Near the city of Zaraisky in the Novinkovsky forestry of the Lukhovitsky forestry enterprise, a 25-year-old cedar plantation on an area of 3.2 hectares (about a thousand cedars) bears abundant fruit. In the Dmitrovsky district near Yakhroma M.V. Tvelenev conducts observations in a half-century grove with an area of more than 3 hectares. It is possible to plant new cedar groves not only in Siberia, but also in the European region of Russia. This is not only possible, but must be done.

More detailed information about the biology of the Siberian cedar, methods of its reproduction and cultivation can be found in the books:

Bekh L.I., Taran I.V. Siberian miracle tree. Novosibirsk: "Nauka", 1979. - 126 p.
Drozdov I.I. Coniferous introducents in forest cultures. M.: MGUL. 1998. - 135 p.
Ignatenko M.M. Siberian cedar. M.: "Nauka", 1988. - 160 p.
Krylov G.V., Talantsev N.K.; Kozakova A.F. Cedar. Moscow: Forest industry. 1983. - 216 p.
Parfenov V.F. Complex in the cedar forest. M.: Timber industry, 1979. - 240 p.
Rodin A.R. Drozdov I.I. Guidelines for growing seedlings of Siberian cedar. M.: VASKHNIL, 1978. - 30 p.
Tvelenev M.V. Growing Siberian cedar outside the natural range. M.: TsBNTUleskhoz 1974. - 16 p.

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Cedar is a coniferous tree. It remains green throughout its life. Wood made from cedar is characterized by strength and durability. The excellent characteristics of the wood contributed to the destruction of entire forests.

Characteristic:

The length is 30–60 meters.
The bumps are large.
Various coloring.
Long lifespan.
The wood has a pleasant smell.
On an adult tree, 1000-1500 cones ripen.
The needles are bright green in color.
Branches extend horizontally.
There are various crown shapes.
The length of the needles is 0.8–6 centimeters.
Grows in various soils.
The maturation period of cones averages 1 year.

To date, thirteen varieties of this tree are known:

Korean.
Canadian.
Mexican.
European.
Red.
Siberian.
Slate.
Far Eastern.
Lebanese.

How to grow a cedar from a nut

Cedar grows on the plots of many gardeners. As a rule, they are grown from an ordinary nut.

How to do the same:

For successful gatherings of cedar, a wet cone with seeds must be cold-treated in the freezer. We put it there for three days.
Then we take it out and take out the nuts.
We make drainage holes in the bottom of the plastic bucket with an awl.
We pour the earth into a plastic bucket and plant nuts.
We pour, close the lid and put the container on the battery, placing a towel folded several times under it. Warmth is needed for rapid germination.
When shoots appear above the ground, remove the cover.
Preparing a new home for the cedar. At the bottom of the bucket we place an inverted pot. This will be the stand.
We put a container with seedlings on an inverted pot.
Pour water into the bucket. It should not reach the container with plants.
We cover the bucket with glass. Got a greenhouse.

By summer, your little cedars will be strong, and you can plant them in the garden.

How to properly land in open ground

Before planting a seedling, you need to know at what depth they lie ground water. Groundwater can be close to the surface as well as far from the surface.

For a tree, it is better if groundwater is located far from the surface. If the water is close to the surface, then it is necessary to plant a tree on a hill. In this case, the development of the seedling will proceed normally.

It is recommended to fill the planting hole with rotted manure and compost. Moreover, it is not easy to pour it, but to mix it with the ground. This is a must. Direct contact of the roots with fertilizers should not be. Otherwise, the root system may "burn out" from an overabundance of nutrients.

In no case should you pour fresh manure. Without access to air in this pit, manure will not overheat. Moreover, it will be colder there than on the surface. All sorts of bacteria will multiply there and when the roots reach this layer, they will rot and work poorly.

1. Choice of landing time

Picked the right place. Now we are preparing the hole. When is it done?

It is advisable to dig holes in the fall:

The earth will be disinfected.
The walls of the pits will break through with frost.

It is important that the hole be dug 1-2 weeks before planting. young seedling cedar. Thus, the pit is perfectly weathered. In addition, all the walls of the pit will loosen.

The shape of the landing pit can be varied:

Round.
Square.
Oval.

It is important that the shape of the pit is deep enough (70–100 centimeters). The diameter should be 80-100 centimeters. Thus, the shape of a vase bowl is created. This hole is then filled with fertile soil.

The advantages of such a hole:

Promotes the rapid development of a young tree.
The roots will have room to grow.
The underground and above-ground part of the tree will develop rapidly.

2. Site selection and soil preparation

So, we plant a cedar. We found a suitable place, it is better if it is a place lit by the sun. The soil must be fertile.

The tree grows best on such soils:

Lungs.
Loamy.
Clay.
Sandy.

On sandy soils, more watering is required and in winter it will be necessary to remove tree trunks to increase frost resistance.

3. Processing and preparation of the soil

We start digging. To do this, of course, you need a good, sharp shovel (titanium, steel):

First, we dig a fertile layer and throw it into one pile.
Next comes a layer of clay, sand, loam (this layer is the least rich in nutrients, so it is disposed of).

If you dug a hole in the fall, then during the winter it slumped a little and weathered. Therefore, it needs to be dug up a little, corrected and discarded unnecessary land. After you have purchased the seedlings, you need to start filling the hole.

4. The process of planting in open ground

We take a fertile layer and throw it to the bottom (10–15 centimeters).
In order for the soil not to settle, it is necessary to tamp the earth with a manual rammer or its own weight (if the earth is too dry, you can pour water over it).
Now we throw in more good fertile soil.
Next, you need to fill up 3–5 buckets of humus or compost (every 10–15 centimeters, it is necessary to tamp the ground so that the root collar does not fall below the horizon).
Then you need to move everything with a shovel and pour some kind of fertilizer.
So, before the final filling of the pit, 20 centimeters remain, so you need to drive in two pegs (support for the seedling).

Now we look at the root system of the seedling. If the tap root is slightly broken, then it is necessary to cut off the damaged part with a pruner. When choosing a seedling, it is necessary to pay attention to the fibrous roots (suction).

taproots is the skeleton of the root system. But the main supplier of nutrients is thin fibrous roots. The more of them on the seedling, the better the planting material. Moreover, these roots must be necessarily wet, moist. They must not dry out.

We look at a young cedar. The root neck is located between the underground and aboveground parts. This is the transition point of the trunk to the root system. The root neck should be in rhubarb with the ground plane. Moreover, the vaccination site should be on the surface. Otherwise, the tree begins to branch and sprout branches.

To determine the horizon, you can put a shovel on the ground. After that, you need to try on a young cedar. In this case, it must be borne in mind that the earth will shrink. If the cedar is below ground level, then it is necessary to add more earth.

After it has been chosen correct position, it is necessary to backfill with earth. The main ones are the suction roots (fibrous).

Therefore, if you simply fill them with earth, then voids will form between them and the roots will dry out there. That is, there will be no direct contact with the ground. In this case, the cedar will be on a starvation diet.

In order to prevent this, you need to follow the following recommendations:

Holding the tree with one hand, take some earth.
Break it down into small pieces.
Gently sprinkle this earth between the roots.

Thus, the voids will be filled and the earth will fit the suction roots. In order to achieve a tighter abutment of the earth to the roots, you need to take it lightly and shake it. The earth from such vibration is even more compacted.

You also need to make a small recess for water. After that, you need to make an earthen roller around the seedling so that the water does not “run away” prematurely after watering.

After that, you need to water the young cedar with water (0.5–2 buckets):

The water must be warm.
Water does not immediately go into the ground (it stays on the surface for some time).
Small individual piles of earth will go down, as if sagging.
When the water finally leaves and earth voids form, they need to be filled.

In good weather, the cedar will stand normally. And when the weather is bad, how will he behave? He will be uncomfortable.

In order for the tree to be well, you need to take a pre-prepared rope and tie up a seedling. The rope must be strong and soft. It is necessary to form a tight loop and twist the rope. You can not drag the seedling to one side. He must be free to stand. Thus, the tree will be protected from the winds.

reproduction

Experienced gardeners propagate this species in two ways:

Seeds that are located on the cone.
Vegetative way (grafting).

For vegetative propagation, pine trees are grafted. Most gardeners use the first method. Because it guarantees excellent results.

When propagating by seeds, it is imperative to carry out the classical stratification of seeds.

Cedar Care

Regular sanitizing.
Fertilizers.
Plant protection.

1. Watering

Coniferous plants are not all equally related to watering. Young newly planted trees should be watered once a week, especially in the summer. Pouring under each tree from one to three buckets of water.

Mature plants that are well rooted and grow for several years require much less water. Watered usually 2-3 times per season. But under each tree it is necessary to pour a sufficiently large amount of water.

Oh, and rainfall. Without exception, all conifers are very fond of sprinkling. While the tree is small, you can water it from a watering can. In summer, trees do not tolerate arid, dry air very well.

2. Soil and fertilizer

The next important step in care is weeding. The fact is that weeds can grow under the crown of a tree, which serve as a refuge for many insects and pests, the spread of diseases.

Weeding should be done shallowly, by 5–10 centimeters, without affecting the root system.
Chemicals for weed control must be used with extreme caution, because the root system is superficial.

The best way to keep moisture in the roots of plants, of course, is mulching. Not only does it retain moisture well, it also creates a more or less stable one for the root system. temperature regime and during frosts in winter and in summer during heat.

The following materials can be used as mulch:

Chopped bark of coniferous plants.
Peat.
Dry leaves.

3. Top dressing

In principle, all types of cedar are unpretentious and do not require any additional feeding. But, of course, they respond very well to them. The best fertilizer for needles is compost. In its composition, it is closest to the natural soil in which the tree grows.

In order to properly apply compost, you need to loosen the near-trunk circle.
Add a little compost, scattering it around the trunk circle.
Mix the compost with the top layer.

It is necessary to loosen shallow. Because the root system of the cedar is too close to the surface and therefore can touch it.

Mineral top dressings are added once a year, scattering evenly around the trunk circle. Before that, you need to read the instructions. After applying mineral fertilizer, good watering is necessary. In order for the fertilizer to be well absorbed.

It is forbidden to apply mineral fertilizers under the needles in the fall.

4. Diseases and pests

Cedar diseases are quite diverse.

Symptoms of diseases are visible when the plant is seriously ill:

Check the tree regularly.
Antifungal treatments are recommended for all species in spring and autumn.
Fungicide treatment is best done by spraying.

5. Transplant

After the planted seeds have turned into young seedlings, it is necessary to transplant. Cedar loves nutritious soil.

To transplant, follow the instructions:

Prepare a place.
Dig up a young seedling.
Dig a suitable hole.
Insert a young seedling into the hole.
Pour water.
Sprinkle with earth.

Answers to frequently asked questions

In the summer, the tree crumbled and also turned yellow.

Almost all coniferous trees crumble in autumn. As a rule, the cedar crumbles once every three years. In the process of shedding, the tree turns yellow. A healthy and well-groomed cedar should not crumble and turn yellow in summer. As a rule, the needles fall off due to insufficient watering or various diseases.

Different growth of the top of young trees.

Each cedar pine is unique in its own way. One will grow rapidly, while the other will develop slowly. As a rule, rapid growth is noted a year after planting. Whereas the first two years a root is formed.

Why does it appear white coating on needles?

All types of cedar are susceptible to Siberian hermes. This insect got its name. Siberian hermes does not cause significant damage to the needles. With an increase in the number of Siberian Hermes, other insects destroy them.

How are nuts harvested?

First of all, you need to get a stab. In order for the fruits to fall off with a special stab, they hit the cedar. In windy weather, the fruits fall off by themselves. Used to obtain nuts special device that crushes them. As a rule, the fruits are harvested in late summer.

Cedars are one of the most beautiful coniferous trees symbolizing health and strength. And they are also recognized centenarians. Often they live up to 500 years. These evergreen trees are often used to decorate garden and park landscapes. Many purchase annual seedlings and plant them in the plots. But experienced gardeners know how to plant cedars at home and properly care for them.

Cultivated varieties of cedars have a variety of sizes, shapes, colors and lengths of needles. Before choosing one or another variety for cultivation, it is worth getting acquainted with the types of tall cedars.

Lebanese - mighty and sprawling trees with branches growing in a horizontal direction. They grow slowly, so that by the age of 10 they reach a height of 2 meters.
Himalayan - plants with drooping crowns, protruding tops and drooping branches. Growth is slow, no more than 3 meters in 10 years.
Atlas - mighty trees that need a large territory. Require garters after landing in the ground.
Cypriot - plants from the island of Cyprus, reaching in nature 40 meters in height.

At home

There are types of cedar that can be grown at home. For example, they are great for creating bonsai. These include the valuable Himalayan cedar, as well as its Japanese "relatives".

The difference between the Himalayan cedar is the curved branches and needles of a light green hue. IN room conditions they grow very slowly small size needles, but can acquire a sophisticated appearance.

The size of the Japanese cedar in the wild is such that the diameter of its trunk reaches 2 meters. Home-grown specimens are much more modest in size, but are not inferior in attractiveness.

Outdoors

Siberian and Far Eastern cedar are suitable for growing in open ground. Breeders have bred varieties that are intended for planting in the garden.

The Siberian cedar is distributed in the eastern and western regions of Siberia, as well as in China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Now varieties of Siberian cedar have been bred, which differ in size and shape of the crown, the presence of edible fruits.
Far Eastern cedars are frost-resistant evergreens with a lifespan of up to 600 years. Within 3-4 years, seedlings grow quite slowly and need special care, they can be planted in the country.

Germination and propagation methods

Gardeners breed different kinds cedars for a long time. They propagate in several ways: by seeds and cuttings.

seeds

Growing a cedar from a walnut is a matter that requires time and effort. The result depends on the quality of the planting material. Pine nuts bought in a regular store are not suitable for these purposes - they are shelled and fried.

Germination of cedar seeds remains high for one year. Then it decreases: for two-year-olds, the figure is 50%.

The reasons why gardeners prefer seed propagation when buying ready-made seedlings are the higher price of seedlings and the likelihood that they will not take root. For breeding cedars, cones with the largest nuts are selected, which are soaked, disinfected and stratified before planting.

cuttings

Propagation of cedars by cuttings is a faster, but also time-consuming method. Green cuttings taken from fruit-bearing plants during bud swelling are used as planting material. The length of the branches is no more than 10 centimeters, they are cut from the side branches of the first or second order.

Technology of planting cedar at home

To grow cedar at home, high-quality seeds are selected. They are purchased at a specialized store or collected independently from a tree. The period for collecting ripe cedar cones is from late October to November.

Landing dates

Not all gardeners know exactly when to plant cedar seeds when grown indoors. It is believed that the most successful time for planting is April and May. In this case, the seeds must first be stratified, otherwise the germination period may be delayed for a whole year.

Preparation of natural material

Before sowing cedar seeds, they must be prepared. This procedure includes several steps.

Soak. Seeds are placed in hot water and soaked in it for 2-3 days.
Cold stratification - immersion in moist fine-grained sand and storage for 3 months in the cellar or on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. Every 15 days, ventilation and moistening of the mixture, elimination of rotten or moldy seeds are required.

Treatment for blackleg and pests

To protect against fungal disease, the black leg and other pests are treated with a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate and a fungicide. You can do this 2 times a month.

Soil composition and container volume

You can plant cedar seeds in the substrate. The most suitable are loamy and sandy soils, as well as mixtures of sand and peat. The volume of the pots should be approximately 300 milliliters, their height should be about 8 centimeters.

Planting and sprouting a young tree

Pine nuts are deepened into the soil by 3 centimeters so that developing sprouts can more easily be released from the shell. Young crops are recommended to be exposed to well-lit places, while protecting them from direct sunlight.

The soil should be mulched and watered regularly. In the room where the seedlings are located, the temperature should be maintained at 20-22 C.

Rules for the care of home needles

Homemade coniferous plants impose strict requirements on the level of illumination. If it is insufficient, it is necessary to provide cedars with additional illumination. In the warm season, they can be taken out to the balcony or to the garden, but this should be done gradually so that tender young trees do not suffer from overheating or, on the contrary, from hypothermia.

Watering frequency

Cedars should be watered moderately. With an excess of moisture, there is a risk of root rot. It is also important to ensure that the soil does not dry out.

Fertilizer

Top dressing has a good effect on the condition and growth of young conifers. To do this, special fertilizers for coniferous trees are used - once in the spring and twice during the summer.

crown formation

Shaping the crown of a cedar tree is a simple procedure. In plants no older than 10 years, it is enough just to remove the lower branches. And in young seedlings, you can simply remove the kidneys.

wintering plants

For wintering cedars grown at home, balconies or covered terraces. Sometimes pots with plants are taken out into the garden, at low temperatures they are added dropwise.

How to plant outdoors

Grow a handsome cedar on personal plot quite possible. There are varieties adapted to growing away from their natural range. Young seedlings require a lot of attention and careful care.

In what areas can a tree be grown

Cedars have long been successfully grown in middle lane Russia, for example, in the Moscow region, Vladimir and Ivanovo regions, as well as in Siberia, the Urals and Altai. Spreading coniferous trees can be seen in household plots, groves and parks. Climatic conditions in our country meet the requirements of the breed. Siberian cedar feels especially good in open ground.

Germination of seeds and preparation of cuttings

Seeds for growing plants in open ground are prepared in the same way as those intended for breeding at home. They are selected, soaked, stratified, treated with fungicides.

A seedling for planting can be grown on your own or purchased at a specialized store. Experienced gardeners prefer to buy cedars that are at least 5-6 years old. However, two-year-old conifers can also be planted.

Location selection

Defining , where it is better to plant a seedling in a personal plot, it must be borne in mind that this plant loves heat and light. Therefore, it is recommended to allocate well-lit places protected from the winds for it.

Soil preparation

The soil where the conifer is planted should be fresh, well-drained, enriched with nutrients, saturated with organic matter. Cedars prefer clay and loamy substrates.

Period and landing pattern

The best time when it is recommended to plant a plant in open ground, - Spring. In the summer, this should not be done, and in the fall the period again begins when you can plant a conifer on the site. It is enough just to wait until the leaf fall of the deciduous representatives of the flora ends.

The planting scheme should take into account that the crown diameter of an adult tree is about 6 meters. This distance should be left free around the planting hole. The nearest buildings should be located at a distance of 3 meters, otherwise the roots may destroy the foundation over time.

Planted tree care

Young trees are demanding on growing conditions. They grow slowly, so it is necessary to ensure that they are not in the shade of tall plants and do not suffer from a lack of light.

Irrigation

Cedars equally suffer from drought and from an excess of moisture. Therefore, seedlings should be watered regularly, but moderately. In hot weather, the needles need to be watered to keep them fresh.

top dressing

It is recommended to fertilize seedlings during one growing season three times - in May, June and July. For this, a solution of potassium sulfate is used. A year after planting the tree in open ground, nitrogen fertilizers can be used as top dressing.

Insect and pest control

Young seedlings are very vulnerable to diseases and pests, for example, seryanka or resin cancer, bark beetle, scale insect, aphids. To protect green pets, it is necessary to clean the near-trunk circle from weeds and apply special insecticides.

Is it possible to transplant an adult tree from the forest to the site

You can try to transplant an adult plant into a garden plot. However, for this, a number of conditions must be met, on which it depends whether the tree will take root in a new place:

its height should not exceed 3 meters, and the diameter of the trunk - 7 centimeters;
the earthen clod must be large, and it must be preserved when digging and transporting;
practice shows that it is not easy to fulfill the latter condition, since at the slightest shedding of an earthen clod, the supply roots are damaged.

How to care for an adult cedar

Care of an adult plant consists in ensuring soil breathability, sufficient light levels, seasonal top dressing, moderate infrequent watering, soil mulching and annual pruning.

These simple procedures will allow you to grow a long-lived tree on the site and plant healing air, saturated with phytoncides and biologically active substances.

Cedar is one of the most beautiful representatives of conifers. The duration of his life is 450-500 years, and the cedar pine reaches maturity by 80-85 years. This long-liver pleases not only with sprawling long needles, but also with delicious pine nuts, rich in vitamins, microelements, fats and protein.

Cedar can be grown from a nut

You can meet cedars on summer cottages, and on the territory of country houses. Most often they are planted as annual seedlings, but not many people know how to grow cedar from a nut at home.

planting material

Growing a cedar from a nut is not an easy task, because there are no high-quality planting raw materials for sale. Nuts that you can buy in the store are absolutely not suitable for growing cedar at home. Most often they are peeled and fried. Not many decide to germinate seeds on their own, because it is much easier to buy an annual seedling and plant it in the ground.

Buying pine nuts from your hands is also not a good idea. Seeds retain their germination capacity for 1 year, in the second year it decreases by 50%, and after that the seed does not germinate at all.

In addition to the shelf life of nuts, its conditions may also be violated, which negatively affects the planting material.

To grow cedar from seeds at home, you will have to collect pine nuts yourself. This can be done in places where cedar pine grows in late October, November. At this time, the collection of ripe cones begins. You can take fallen seeds or seed cones, but they can be damaged by mold or rodents, and there is a high probability that this will be last year's crop.

It is better to pick a cone directly from the tree, but this is not easy to do because of the height of the cedar pines. Pickers use long sticks with mallets at the ends to knock the cones off the top. These seeds are more likely to germinate.

To collect seeds, it is best to pick a cone from a tree yourself.

Preparing seeds for germination

To plant seeds, you need to extract them from the cone. This is done quite simply. The cone is placed near heating appliances or quickly burned with flames from all sides. Under the influence of temperature, the scales open, releasing the seeds. On an industrial scale, special devices are used that crush the cone without damaging the pine nuts.

After extracting the seeds, you need to take care of their disinfection. To prevent many fungal diseases, pine nuts are soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate for 2-3 hours before planting.

Planting seeds

An important point in growing cedar from seeds is stratification - the creation of conditions as close to natural as possible. In the forest, pine nuts, falling into the ground in November-December, hibernate under the snow and germinate only in spring. Creating something similar at home is quite simple:

After soaking in potassium permanganate, pine nuts are planted in a specially prepared substrate to a depth of 1–2 cm. Too deep planting prevents seed germination.
Seeds planted in a container are watered so that the whole earth gets wet, but does not become sour from excess moisture. Otherwise, the nuts will start to rot.
5–7 cm of snow is laid on the surface of the substrate. The container is covered with polyethylene and put on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator for 3 months. If weather conditions do not allow you to immediately cover the plantings with a snow cover, then this can be done later.
Once a month or as the soil dries, the nuts are watered with water at room temperature. It is advisable to use melted snow.

After 3 months of stratification, the container with the cedars planted in it is taken out of the refrigerator and placed on the south window. Most often, the first shoots appear already in the second week.

Cedar sprouts well on the south window

Substrate for planting seeds

The quality and composition of the soil play an important role in growing cedar at home. Seeds should be germinated in a mixture of:

river sand;
fine crumbs of gravel;
peat.

Sand and gravel are calcined before planting. This prevents the development of many diseases, kills mold spores. Sometimes cedar seeds are germinated in a mixture of coniferous sawdust and fertile soil. Such a composition is very similar to the soil of a cedar forest, but it dries up quickly enough, so you need to carefully monitor the watering of sprouted nuts.

Before planting nuts, the soil should be calcined

Seedling transplant

When the cedar sprouts have reached 3 cm, they must be planted in separate containers, where they will grow for the first year. The main thing when transplanting is to carefully handle the delicate roots so as not to damage them.

Drainage is laid at the bottom of the pot, you can buy it at the store or use cedar cones. The second option is better, because it brings the growing conditions closer to natural ones. The substrate is made from river sand, fertile soil and coniferous sawdust.

A month after transplanting, you can start hardening the seedlings. First they arrange airing, and after a while they take it out into the street.

You can not leave a young tree under the scorching sun, but the shade does not suit him either. You need to put a pot of cedar in a place with a scattered shadow - under another tree or a canopy.

The first 10 years, the cedar pine grows very slowly, but with good care will rise sharply. It is better to plant a seedling in the ground up to three years. Such a tree is well received and easily tolerates winter.

A three-year-old seedling can already be planted in the ground

young tree care

If it was possible to plant a cedar in the country house and the tree took root, then all the requirements for growing pine were carefully observed. Now you can start caring for the seedling. You need to remember the following recommendations:

For full development forest trees enter into symbiosis with mycelium. This useful neighborhood will help strengthen the cedar grown in the country. To do this, take 5 handfuls of forest litter and pre-crushed caps of ripe forest mushrooms, soak it all in a bucket warm water. A day later, the cedar is watered with the resulting mixture.
It is impossible to loosen the earth around the tree, because the roots are located very close to the surface, there is a possibility of damage.
The soil around the seedling is mulched to retain moisture and control weeds. Crushed cedar or other coniferous cones, sawdust, pine nut shells are used as mulch.
The plant is watered as the soil dries out, but the cedar reacts painfully to waterlogging and may die. Every year in spring and autumn, you need to make fertilizer for coniferous trees. If you take good care of the cedar for the first 10 years of its life, then it will actively grow and bear fruit well.

Cedar is a beautiful and slender tree, which can be called majestic without exaggeration. The unforgettable aroma of its needles, which many people like, also deserves attention. Therefore, it is natural that many gardeners are interested in how to grow a cedar from a nut at home, especially since it is much more economical than planting from a seedling.

Cedar can be grown from a nut. This is a cost-effective task

Nut selection and preparation for planting

Growing cedar from seeds is not the easiest, but quite realistic task.

The first thing that provides for its solution is a careful selection of nuts:

Seeds intended for cultivation should not have an unpleasant odor.
Nuts, the surface of which is covered with mold, cannot be considered suitable for planting.
To avoid fungal infections, all seeds are treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (0.5% potassium permanganate solution is enough). The average duration of the procedure is 2 hours.
For planting, nuts collected on the slopes of the Sayan or Altai are best suited.

The most suitable age for pine nuts used for cultivation is no more than three years. Practice shows that germination in such cases is maximum, and therefore young seeds should be a priority. If there are no such nuts, then others will do, whose age does not exceed 8–10 years.

To grow a healthy tree, you should choose nuts carefully.

Having decided on the seeds, you can proceed to the implementation of the sequence of actions, which is presented below:

Soaking selected nuts for 72 hours (water should be changed daily).
Mixing seeds with sand and moistening them.
Placement of nuts in a cloth bag, which fits into a wooden box with ventilation holes.

The final step at this stage is to place the seed container in the refrigerator. There they should spend about 5 months at a temperature of 3-6 ° C, that is, in conditions close to winter, but not harsh.

In the future, pine nuts should be checked regularly to maintain moisture and prevent mold. If it appeared on some seeds, then you need to get rid of them, and replace the sand with a new one.

Pot and soil requirements

While the seeds are in the refrigerator, you can do something else. important matter- preparing a place for their future landing. It should not be large: it is quite possible to germinate pine nuts in a pot that can hold about 200 g of soil mixture, which can be:

natural forest;
loamy;
containing a large amount of humus.

If the gardener cannot spend time looking for suitable soil in which to plant cedar, then he can always buy a ready-made composition for coniferous plants in a specialized store. The choice of soil should be approached responsibly, because the future of the plant directly depends on its composition.

Cedar needs potassium, and a high nitrogen content is contraindicated for it due to the inhibitory effect on its root system.

Planting and watering rules

The probability of growing cedar at home increases if you plant a nutlet in March or April. There are others useful advice that help to solve this problem accurately:

the optimal seed planting depth is from 0.5 to 2 cm;
you can place nuts close enough to each other (10 mm or more);
top seeds are sprinkled with sawdust or needles;
in the pot it is necessary to place the maximum possible number of nuts.

The last point is explained by the fact that in most cases only 10-15% of the seeds can germinate, that is, one out of seven or even ten nuts.

Particular attention must be paid to watering. Despite the fact that cedar belongs to moisture-loving plants, it perceives flooding negatively, and therefore it is extremely important to adhere to the following rules:

Nuts planted in the ground, it is desirable to spray from a spray bottle. This reduces the leaching of plant-friendly substances that are in top layer soil.
Before you start watering, you should determine the degree of soil moisture. To do this, simply stick a match into it: if it turns out to be wet, then it is necessary to wait a little with the implementation of the planned procedure.
The recommended frequency of watering seeds after planting is once every 2 days. If moistening is carried out less often, then the cedar grows much more slowly - experiencing great difficulties in reaching the surface and being characterized by a weak development of the root system.

The temperature should be room temperature, i.e., be in the range of 18–22 ° C. It is advisable to exclude the presence of the pot in direct sunlight, it is much better to place it in the shade.

Provided that all the above points are taken into account, the seeds germinate relatively quickly: about a month after planting. True, many gardeners call other terms - up to 90 days, explaining this by the difference in the quality of the selected nuts. Further, the pot can be placed in a brighter place, provided that the exposure to sunlight is moderate.

Further actions

It is worth noting that growing a cedar from a nut is a rather lengthy process, and therefore the appearance of sprouts should not be considered an unconditional success. Cedar in terms of development rate is noticeably inferior to most coniferous and deciduous trees. Observant gardeners have found that cedars grown from seeds at home add only 6-7 cm per year in the first few years.

In the first year, small cedars cannot be planted in open ground in a country house or local area, because they need this time to strengthen and adapt. The latter will pass faster if you take the pot outside in the warm season.

Transplantation of small cedar trees can be carried out for 2-3 years of their life. The procedure is tolerated by them without much difficulty, especially if the gardener takes into account the following points:

Plant roots must be handled with care. When transplanting cedar shoots into open ground, bends and fractures of its roots should be avoided.
The best transplant option is with a clod of earth from a pot. In this way, the microflora to which the plant is accustomed is preserved, which means that the chances of its successful adaptation in a new place are significantly increased.
It is not worth refusing to feed cedar - even if the land in the country house or house adjoining area is fertile enough. For this purpose, nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are optimally suited.
It makes sense to place several stones around the trunk of a growing tree. Gradually, their lower surface will be covered with fungal growth, which has a very beneficial effect on the cedar.

Another useful procedure for a growing cedar is soil mulching. With its help, you can minimize the drying of the soil, stimulate the growth of grass around a young tree, and create an optimal microclimate for cedar. The composition of the mulch is recommended to include coniferous needles, fallen leaves and mowed grasses.

Cedar is an evergreen coniferous tree. It represents strength, health, beauty, longevity and purity. Cultivation of cedar is a noble cause, but extremely laborious. Of course, the easiest way is to buy ready-made seedlings, because after planting they will require practically no maintenance, except for regular soil moisture. But it is much better to grow a cedar from a nut - this way you will be next to your tree from the first minutes, and when, after many years, it will spread its rich crown above the ground, the pleasure will be incomparable.

How to grow a cedar from a nut at home?

Nuts purchased at a grocery store or market are not suitable for growing cedar, as they are cooked for consumption by boiling in salted water. Your best bet is to find a flat, pleasant-smelling cedar cone with no signs of mold or staleness.
Remove the nuts from the cone and rinse with warm water. Additionally, you can rub the shell with a toothbrush or sponge - this will wash off the resin, which blocks moisture from accessing the core itself.
After you have cleaned the nuts of excess resin, you need to stratify, that is, keep them in cold (about 0 ° C) water for three days, changing the water once a day. After this time, you will notice that some of the seeds have risen to the surface of the water, and some have sunk to the bottom. Floating nuts are empty or of poor quality, even if planted correctly, they will not sprout, but sunken seeds can and should be planted in the ground.
After three days, drain the water and mix the nuts with peat, forest soil or coarse washed sand, then slightly moisten the mixture and place it in a wooden box with air holes or a perforated flower pot. After all the manipulations, the container with nuts can be removed in a dark, cool place - now the seeds should lie for several months (from 3 to 6 to simulate a natural winter) at a temperature of about + 4 ° C. Once every couple of weeks, take out the seeds and moisten the soil. Try to guess the time so that the planting of seeds takes place in March-April.
After a long preparation of seeds, you can finally start planting. The soil is better to use natural forest, but in the absence of such, you can buy in flower shop special soil for conifers. The volume of the pot should be small, about 200 grams, and the planting depth should be about 2 cm. Seeds can be sprinkled on top with needles or sawdust. Protect the sown seeds from high temperatures and bright sun: it is better to put the pot with the future tree in a shaded place with a temperature of 18-20 ° C. And, of course, the earth should be periodically moistened, at the same time preventing the seeds from “flooding”.
It is best to plant the maximum number of seeds, because only 10-15% of them will sprout. Depending on the quality of the seeds, the first sprouts will sprout in 2-3 months and will be barely noticeable - up to five years, the cedar grows very slowly, and the growth is up to 6-7 cm. By the third year of life, the sprout can reach 15 cm, and after five to six years, it can be planted in open space.
Cedar loves well-drained rocky or loamy soils. Therefore, it is advisable to mix the soil at the site of the proposed planting of cedar with sand and gravel.

There is another interesting nuance: they say that before planting, pine nuts need to be held in your mouth for several minutes - this is how the future tree will absorb your energy and information about you, and only then will it truly grow into your grateful cedar. Of course, this moment is very similar to superstition, but in the first years of life, the cedar definitely needs your love and care.

Ornamental coniferous plants capture with their grace and beauty. Since for our climatic zone it is possible to grow various forms, the question arises, how to grow a cedar from a nut? A few facts about the cultivation and properties of the plant will help answer the problem.

Features of cedar wood

You need to know the characteristics of the plant in order to understand how to grow cedar. This evergreen plant attracts the eyes of gardeners due to its appearance features:

lush paws;
densely set profuse covering with needles;
rich green color;
beautiful bumps;
high straight trunk;
bright bark;
nice smell.

Growing a plant requires patience and careful adherence to all instructions. But the result can amaze the most demanding esthete. Because cedar can ennoble any area.

The cedar has a tall, straight trunk

The root system of the tree is strongly pronounced. The main root is surrounded by strong lateral branches, it keeps well in the soil. What makes it possible for the plant to hold a lump. Covering the area around the trunk with its needles, cedar creates a special temperature and exchange regime.

Collection of seed material

One of the sources of seed material may be its natural growing conditions. To do this, it is not necessary to visit the cedar forest; for the necessary samples, you can go to the nearest botanical garden or write out seeds from the forestry.

You need to get the seeds in the cone. Since various processes can occur during transportation with a nut:

drying out;
frostbite;
damage by various insects;
loss of surface integrity;
debate.

In a cone, they are protected from external mechanical and climatic influences. You should not buy nuts in a store or in the markets, as the seeds are treated with hot oil for culinary purposes. This means that they are no longer suitable for landing.

You need to get cedar seeds in a cone

Where to get the necessary seed composition

For a novice gardener, an important question is where to get necessary material. Buying samples from unverified sources does not guarantee the germination and viability of the seeds. You can write out cedar seeds through:

garden societies;
botanical gardens;
departments of botany and horticulture of universities;
thanks to independent sellers;
from forestry;
through seed almanacs.

Any of the methods will make it possible to obtain the required amount for germination and planting. To be sure of the result, it is worth ordering several cones at once. Pay attention to the date of collection of cones, they should have been taken in the period October-November. The date of collection is important, the average duration of seed germination is 2 years.

Pay attention to the collection period

What soils does it grow on

Preparation must take into account important fact about to undertake sprouting. One of the most significant factors in successfully obtaining resistant planting material where cedar grows. Knowledge of this issue increases the likelihood of obtaining normal seedlings.

In nature cedar trees love gray podzols. This soil is:

humus;
silica;
trivalent metals;
sulfonic acids;
loams;
orstein grains;
forest floor.

Such soils are considered characteristic for:

Siberia;
Southern Canada;
Northern Europe;
Far East;
Central USA.

They have a pronounced shape. Gray loose composition from the upper horizon, denser reddish hue lower. Accordingly, germinated seed material should be planted in similar conditions.

Germination preparation requirements

To germinate pine nuts, you can carry out preliminary preparation:

soak the seeds in an aqueous solution with the addition of Kornevin;
endure a three-day period;
once a day to change the aquatic environment;
mix with purified river sand;
place in a canvas bag;
the container must have holes for air;
place in the refrigerator;
remove moldy specimens.

It is better to use small containers for seedlings

The next step will be planting the material:

after 6 months, land in the ground;
the substrate must contain a large amount of sand;
hole depth 1 cm;
the storage location of the container must be at room temperature;
the germinated material is brought to light.

Thus, seedlings suitable for further planting are obtained.

Grow container

Many are wondering how to grow a cedar from a nut in home pots. First rule, it shouldn't be too old. Even after treatment with manganese, the likelihood of mold is high.

It is better to use small containers for seedlings connected in pallets. They have a shallow depth, make it easy to extract the plant. Moreover, in this embodiment, it is easy to observe them. Any material will do, since the plant is only temporarily enclosed in a container.

You need to water a cedar seedling from a spray bottle

Watering mode

Water the plant with a spray bottle. To avoid washing out the necessary substances from the soil. The most common method is to check how dry the soil is with a match. Moisturize as needed, no longer than one day apart.

Moisture requirements are necessary because the sprout has to break through a thick skin. Gradual soaking of the surface gives a kind of swelling effect, after which the sprout can violate the integrity of the cover.

Successful germination can be achieved by adding one serving of various growth stimulants. Dosage guidance is indicated on the package. This will make it possible to obtain the necessary planting material more efficiently. Do not flood the plant, as this can cause it to rot.

When planting a nut in the soil, it should have an average temperature

Temperature regime

When planting a nut in the soil, it should have an average temperature, since under natural conditions the seed has similar conditions. After the first shoots appear, it is necessary to add surface heating. This can be done with a lamp, turning it on for several hours. Or by placing palettes with sprouts in a more lit place. During this period, you should carefully monitor the watering, you will have to moisten every day.

Cedar can be grown from a nut

You can meet cedars both in summer cottages and on the territory of country houses. Most often they are planted as annual seedlings, but not many people know how to grow cedar from a nut at home.

planting material

Buying pine nuts from your hands is also not a good idea. Seeds retain their germination capacity for 1 year, in the second year it decreases by 50%, and after that the seed does not germinate at all.

In addition to the shelf life of nuts, its conditions may also be violated, which negatively affects the planting material.

To collect seeds, it is best to pick a cone from a tree yourself.

Preparing seeds for germination

After extracting the seeds, you need to take care of their disinfection. To prevent many fungal diseases, pine nuts are soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate for 2-3 hours before planting.

Planting seeds

After soaking in potassium permanganate, pine nuts are planted in a specially prepared substrate to a depth of 1–2 cm. Too deep planting prevents seed germination.
Seeds planted in a container are watered so that the whole earth gets wet, but does not become sour from excess moisture. Otherwise, the nuts will start to rot.
5–7 cm of snow is laid on the surface of the substrate. The container is covered with polyethylene and put on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator for 3 months. If weather conditions do not allow you to immediately cover the plantings with a snow cover, then this can be done later.
Once a month or as the soil dries, the nuts are watered with water at room temperature. It is advisable to use melted snow.

Cedar sprouts well on the south window

Substrate for planting seeds

The quality and composition of the soil play an important role in growing cedar at home. Seeds should be germinated in a mixture of:

river sand;
fine crumbs of gravel;
peat.

Sand and gravel are calcined before planting. This prevents the development of many diseases, kills mold spores. Sometimes cedar seeds are germinated in a mixture of coniferous sawdust and fertile soil. Such a composition is very similar to the soil of a cedar forest, but it dries up quite quickly, so you need to carefully monitor the watering of sprouted nuts.

Before planting nuts, the soil should be calcined

Seedling transplant

A month after transplanting, you can start hardening the seedlings. First they arrange airing, and after a while they take it out into the street.

You can not leave a young tree under the scorching sun, but the shade does not suit him either. You need to put a pot of cedar in a place with a scattered shadow - under another tree or a canopy.

For the first 10 years, the cedar pine grows very slowly, but with good care it will grow rapidly. It is better to plant a seedling in the ground up to three years. Such a tree is well received and easily tolerates winter.

A three-year-old seedling can already be planted in the ground

young tree care

For full development, forest trees enter into symbiosis with mycelium. This useful neighborhood will help strengthen the cedar grown in the country. To do this, take 5 handfuls of forest litter and pre-crushed caps of ripe forest mushrooms, soak it all in a bucket of warm water. A day later, the cedar is watered with the resulting mixture.
It is impossible to loosen the earth around the tree, because the roots are located very close to the surface, there is a possibility of damage.
The soil around the seedling is mulched to retain moisture and control weeds. Crushed cedar or other coniferous cones, sawdust, pine nut shells are used as mulch.
The plant is watered as the soil dries out, but the cedar reacts painfully to waterlogging and may die. Every year in spring and autumn, you need to make fertilizer for coniferous trees. If you take good care of the cedar for the first 10 years of its life, then it will actively grow and bear fruit well.