When to start work in the country. Work in the early spring in the country

The arrival of spring is the awakening of plants and the preparation of the soil for a new harvest. The weather will tell you when and what kind of work to do, especially since it is different every year. But general recommendations worth sticking with.

The spring sun is so bright, besides, the rays are reflected by the unmelted snow so that the crowns of the conifers get burned. While the snow is lying, the branches of young trees are pulled together with twine and covered using burlap or bedspreads.

Low trees are covered with shields. Pour around the roots warm water so that the frozen earth warms up, and sap flow begins in the trunks.

Spring snow is heavy, and lingering breaks branches fruit trees. To protect fragile twigs, it is dropped and shaken off in time, but carefully, without resorting to forceful methods.

In spring, the bark on the trunks is gnawed by hares and other rodents. It is better to remove snowdrifts from under the trunks, then the animals will not get to the branches, and the trunks should be regularly inspected.

At the beginning of the month, on warm days, it is recommended to whitewash the trunks. Lime with blue vitriol protect trees from awakening pests, and White color reflects the burning rays of the sun. Instead of whitewashing, for a while, the trunks are wrapped with white paper.

When frosts are not lower than 10 degrees, they start pruning apple trees. First, old fruiting, then young trees. Pears, cherries and plums are pruned before flowering.

Pruning rules:

1. Thick branches are cut first, then lower, so that the crown is in the form of a bowl.
2. Do not leave visible stumps.
3. A cut wider than 1.5 cm is cleaned with a knife and painted over with oil paint.
4. In order not to infect trees, the file and knife are disinfected with potassium permanganate.
5. At the shrub, old branches are cut off at ground level.
6. Fruiting shoots of bushes are shortened by 15 cm, damaged branches are cut off along the first or second healthy bud.

It is impossible to prune annually, otherwise the tree will weaken. Last year's plantings are not pruned. For the treatment of broken places or those damaged by frost, a var or clay mash is used.

Treatment for diseases and pests

For treatment from pests and fungi, urea, iron sulfate or Bordeaux liquid are taken.

Pests are also afraid of Fitoverm or Agravertin.

At a temperature of 7 degrees Celsius, but before the buds increase, fruit trees and bushes are sprayed with a special insecticide.

It is also necessary to make grooves, divert streams and stagnant water to allow the roots to breathe.

Major cleaning work:

1. Collect covering material, clean and put away.
2. Clear the site: rake last year's foliage and grass, put in compost pit. Remove broken branches from the site and burn.
3. Remove emerging weeds.
4. Remove moss from under stones and containers.
5. Sweep garden paths.
6. Repair and paint gazebos, benches.
7. Check containers, flowerpots and eliminate cracks, treat with disinfecting solutions. In overwintered plants, replace the soil.
8. Replace or remove old bark or woodchip mulch.

When to open winter covered flowers

On sunny days, covered flowers are opened, as condensation accumulates under the shelter, causing the plants to rot.

In the second half of March, daffodils and lilies are released.

Roses open at a temperature of 5-7 degrees Celsius when the snow melts. The first time - for ventilation. Drainage grooves are immediately made and the earth poured from above is removed.

Then the roses should be covered again, making holes in the material. Finally open when the soil warms up by 15 cm.

To protect shrubs, trees and flowers, their roots from temperature changes, a layer of mulch from fresh humus or compost is poured around. Pine bark or crushed cones are also suitable. In addition, mulching will help retain moisture and prevent weed growth.

In April, they work with soil and beds, plant trees. Carefully dig near-stem circles near fruit trees. After the snow cover melts, before the buds appear, plant the seedlings in a permanent place.

Ground handling tips:

If you dig up the soil that has not dried out, clods will remain, which will immediately harden. Also, you can not wait until the soil dries to a state of dust.

Readiness for digging is checked by squeezing a lump of soil in your hand. It turned out a dense lump - still damp, crumbled - late, fell into pieces - the earth is ready.

Before digging, organic fertilizers are scattered, and after - mineral and nitrogen-containing fertilizers.

Digging up, they remove the roots, so the rubbish will not grow longer.

Heavy soil where water stagnates is improved by adding gravel or sand. Hard soil is softened with sawdust, humus or river sand. Clay is added to the loose. They deoxidize with ash, and malic or acetic acid will help to make it acidic.

Using covering material before sowing seeds, root crops and greens, on heated beds, grow earlier.

With the onset of warm days, it’s time to take up the pond: clean, inspect the bottom and fill clean water. The next day, plant aquatic vegetation, after a couple of days - launch the fish.

With the appearance of insects, treat the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe site 2-3 times.

With the beginning of snow melting, it is time to spread mineral fertilizers with nitrogen, having previously leveled the snowdrifts and removed the ice crusts. Do not walk on the surface, so as not to leave holes.

As it dries, remove debris and leaves, combing the grass. Then loosened with a special rake. To penetrate the soil of oxygen, pierce with a pitchfork around the edge of the lawn.

If the surface is damaged, sand is poured into the pits and fresh seeds are sown. May is the time of cutting the regrown grass.

After the snow melts, inspect the currant and gooseberry bushes. Broken, dried and aged branches are pruned. Then fertilize the soil under the bushes. Pests are repelled by processing with copper sulphate or nitrofen is used.

Branches with swollen buds are removed, but if there are a lot of such buds, the bush will have to be thrown away - there are ticks in the buds.

On warm days, branches are rooted for reproduction.

Bent raspberries, first of all, are released. After straightening, they are tied to supports, cutting off old, broken and dried shoots. Then pour mulch from manure, broken branches or straw.

strawberry care

First, remove the snow retainers, then last year's leaves and debris, old mustaches and flowers. Collected is burned. Then, a nitrogen-containing fertilizer is poured under each bush, and Bordeaux liquid is sprayed on top.

The swollen first leaves are added dropwise, while loosening the ground around the bush. With the onset of persistent heat, they are sprayed with dissolved calcium chloride and wood ash. In place of the frozen bushes, young rooted bushes are planted. It will scare away mulching with ash and pine needles.

Flowers are planted when night temperatures do not fall below plus 10. Before that, they work with hyacinths, crocuses, snowdrops.

In order for the flowering of petunias, asters and other flowers to begin earlier, the seeds should be planted at home in seedling boxes, after soaking for 10-15 minutes. in potassium permanganate, then dry. Bulbs of plants are kept in solution for 30 minutes.

Conclusion

clean and well-groomed area nice to look at during leisure hours. And timely processed shrubs and fruit trees with beds will provide a harvest for the winter.

Many people associate the arrival of spring with warmth, lengthening daylight hours and the desire to relax in the bosom of nature, breathing fresh air. However, if you own a garden or summer cottage, you associate spring with the start of land work. Successful spring work in the country is the key to a rich harvest and beautiful garden. Therefore, during the period when the earth is getting rid of the annoying ice shackles, you should not waste your time, because right now you need to start preparing the site for the future harvest season. And the "Dream House" will tell you what works are the most important in the spring.

spring work in the country

Spring starts with cleaning

Even the most well-groomed garden at the beginning of spring looks depressing: the covering material that protects the soil squinted under the weight of snow and moisture, last year's foliage turned into a pile of garbage and began to rot, and fallen branches and fallen branches accumulated under the trees. Not only does the garbage collected during the winter look extremely unaesthetic, it also negatively affects the condition of the soil. Therefore, the very first work in the country in the spring should begin with a general cleaning.

As soon as the first snow melts and the temperature stabilizes a little, collect the covering material, clean it and hide it until the next frost. Please note that if spring has not yet fully come into its own and the tree branches are covered with a snow or ice crust, it should be removed, otherwise the branches may break due to excess weight.

Work in the country in the spring

Spring cleaning of the garden

Spring work on suburban area

Spring cleaning of the garden, garden and cottages consists in complete cleaning territory from debris, last year's leaves and grass. The easiest way to do this is with a rake and garden brush. However, you should not burn last year's foliage, because this can harm your health and the health of others. Experienced gardeners use winter debris to create compost by pouring leftover foliage into a special container or pit.

With the advent of spring, the first weeds wake up. If seedlings of horticultural enemies have already appeared through the soil, remove them right now, otherwise the grass will grow significantly in a week. In addition, in warm and humid places, such as under stones, containers, etc., moss often forms, which also has a detrimental effect on plants. It is convenient to remove the growth with a brush or a strong jet of water.

Most important works spring at the cottage

Spring cleaning in the country

Spring at their summer cottage: preparing the soil

One of the most important stages of spring work on personal plot is tillage. As soon as the snow has completely melted and the earth stops sticking to the shovel, the soil must be dug up to remove weed roots and pest larvae from the soil.

Also, it is in the spring that the soil should be fertilized to ensure good harvest. As a top dressing, it is recommended to use universal fertilizers, which contain nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

Since there are sharp fluctuations in springtime temperature regime, the soil around, trees and perennials should be mulched. This will protect the root systems of plants from the cold and hide them from the scorching sun. To create mulch, it is better to use fresh humus or compost.

Also, pay attention to the strength of the soil. In too heavy soil, water will stagnate at the roots of plants. To improve the quality of the land, in this case it is recommended to add coarse gravel or fine sand to it. If the soil is too loose, add clay or clay soil to it along with fertilizers, otherwise nutrients and moisture will seep deep into the soil.

Having prepared the soil, pay attention to spring work on the lawn. With the first thaw, remove the remnants of snow and ice from, providing air access to. Due to seemingly harmless remnants of ice crusts, after a while, ugly bald spots form on the lawn.

Spring work in the garden

Taking care of trees and shrubs in spring

If the air temperature stays at 3-4 degrees above zero for several days in a row, it's time to start pruning fruit trees and shrubs. Pruning should begin with the largest branches, gradually going down, so that as a result the crown of the tree takes on a cup-shaped shape. However, any pruning work should be carried out before the start of the growing season.

If you plan to plant young seedlings, you need to do this immediately after the snow melts. But keep in mind that planting must be done before the buds form on the seedlings.

In addition, when caring for trees and shrubs, pay attention to fastened dry leaves. Often these leaves are nests of dangerous pests. To protect plant health, collect dry leaves and burn them.

Work in the country in early spring

We prepare seedlings

As a rule, before planting, seedlings are grown indoors or in greenhouses, but if the weather is calm outside, already in March, young plants can be taken out for several hours to acclimatize. It is possible to leave seedlings overnight in the garden only if frosts are not expected, however, insulate containers with young plants until the temperature is completely stabilized. If you grow seedlings in spring, increase ventilation to harden plants. Depending on the variety of plants, hardening is carried out for 7-10 days before planting in the ground.

Spring work in the garden

Work in the field and in the garden requires serious knowledge. The future harvest depends on the quality and timeliness of their implementation. Therefore, farmers carry out a series of actions at a certain time. It is spring that is the period of intensive preparation for the cultivation of most crops. During this period, a number of actions are planned, which are mandatory carried out by farms and agricultural enterprises.

What are spring work in the field and garden, should be considered in detail. This will make it possible to perform the required manipulations in the summer cottage, vast agricultural areas.

Features of work in the field and garden

Spring work in the field (photo below) is the most important period in the process of growing various crops. Winter crops require special attention from farmers.

Works in the field and in the garden differ significantly in the scale and features of the planning of events. This is due to the methods that farmers apply to these areas. Agriculture. Work in the field never stops all year round. However, in winter, the main activity in such conditions freezes.

The garden is a place for growing various vegetables, special varieties of crops. In accordance with what will grow in these conditions, the preparation of sown areas is also carried out. This is a special process that requires the farmer to have special theoretical knowledge and practical skills.

School program

The school curriculum focuses on spring work in the field. The world(Grade 4) studies this process in an overview. Students are invited to write a story about how the soil is prepared in the spring. Schoolchildren supplement their stories with photographs and drawings on this topic.

In the essay, students can describe how the preparation of sown areas is carried out. Stones are removed from them, which are pushed out of the ground by soil under pressure during severe frosts. Next, the earth is loosened to provide the root system of plants with air flow. This is necessary for their full development.

If water has stagnated on the field, it must be diverted using drainage channels. Otherwise, the plants will rot. This will negatively affect the yield. Weeds, shrubs, moss, sand are removed from the soil surface. Fertilize the soil before sowing. Knowing in in general terms As the field preparation is carried out in the spring, students can write an interesting essay.

Essay example

Students write an essay about spring work in the field (Grade 4) with great pleasure. Many of them could watch how parents, grandparents are preparing for sowing vegetables, fruits, planting trees and flowers in the country house, in the garden or garden. They describe their experiences in writing. An example of a short essay is presented below.

“My parents and I are going to the country in the spring. I help them prepare the garden and vegetable garden for the summer. This is an interesting activity. I saw on TV how the fields are prepared in the spring. In the garden, our family does similar work. We are digging up the soil. Dad says it helps the seeds germinate. They get air.

Then we make a greenhouse, which is covered with a film. So the plants will not freeze if the temperature drops sharply at night. When the greenhouse warms up, my parents and I plant carrots, herbs, onions, zucchini, and beans. Dad digs holes and I put seeds in them. Mom digs seedlings and waters them with water. I really like to be with my parents in the country.

Why do we need knowledge about land preparation in spring?

The description of spring work in the field (grade 4) allows students to realize how much work employees of agricultural enterprises put into the process of preparing for the sowing campaign. Own experience schoolchildren in the country, in the garden or vegetable garden also has a positive effect on the formation of their understanding of the importance of such events.

Stories about the spring preparation of fields, vegetable gardens and orchards, personal experience comrades - all this arouses interest in farming, respect for nature. Students begin to appreciate the gifts of nature, understand how hard they are given to people.

Parents should pay attention to attracting their children to the process of preparing a garden in the spring. This will be a real adventure for students. In the process of carrying out the work, children need to explain why this or that action is being carried out.

List of field work

A story about spring work in the field will be easier to write, knowing more about this process. For each type of climate, the actions presented begin to be carried out in different time. Most often in Russia, soil preparation is carried out in the second decade of April. If the spring is warm, work is carried out earlier.

After all the stones, sand are removed, the soil is dug up, it is necessary to apply fertilizer. They must include nitrogen. Both mineral and organic compositions are important. Next, the seeds are sorted and cleaned. They sow the prepared soil.

A survey is carried out on areas that were not sown last year (they were fallow). The brought manure is plowed into the ground. After that, comprehensive measures are taken to prevent or eliminate pests. They depend on climate zone, natural conditions on the field.

Features of field work in spring

Simultaneously with the above events, a number of other spring events are held. field work. In the field, trapping heaps are arranged for the larvae of the May beetles. Agricultural enterprises are working on the development fertile soils. They are dug up and fertilized.

Seedlings are planted in greenhouses. In warm climates, this procedure is performed outdoors. At the same time, seeds and tubers are planted. Enterprises before starting the process of tillage and before the sowing campaign check the readiness of the equipment. Maintenance and repairs are being carried out. The speed of each subsequent operation depends on this. Repairing equipment in the field is problematic and highly undesirable.

Also in the spring, fields can be sown with special crops called green manure. They will enrich the soil with useful substances, improve its structure, and have a sanitary effect on the soil. Such plants include representatives of the legume family, cereals, cruciferous crops. The scope of work in the spring period in the fields is extensive. During this period, farmers are making a lot of efforts to ensure future high level harvest.

Spring work in the garden

Spring work in the field, garden, orchard requires a lot of time and effort from farmers, agricultural workers and ordinary summer residents. In order to use the available resources rationally, you need to understand what issues need to be addressed in the first place.

Some inexperienced summer residents spend a huge amount of time on their site to get high yields. If you understand the technology of spring work, you can significantly reduce the time and amount of effort spent in the garden or vegetable garden.

The garden needs to be explored first. Shrubs, trees should be protected from the spring sun. If there is no shelter, damage to the bark may appear over time. This will negatively affect the well-being of the plant. For mature, strong trees, most often shelter is not required. It is necessary for young seedlings. Day and night temperatures are very different. Therefore, the trunks of young trees cover nonwovens. In the middle of spring they can be removed.

They argue that on the south side of the trees, a peg should be installed at the trunk. It will somewhat shade the trunk during the warm season. It should be noted that bleaching seedlings is highly undesirable. This reduces their rate of development. The bark may thicken. The tree will spend energy on strengthening its defenses. At the same time, growth will be slowed down. Whitewash clogs the pores of the plant.

In the garden, you will need to trim bushes, pruning fruit trees. This must be done before the sap flow period. If the buds are already starting to swell, do not cut. It is also required to hide evergreen shrubs from the sun. Their color will be richer. When the frosts end, the temperature drops will not be so strong. During this period, shelters can be removed.

Sequence of work in the garden

Spring work in the field, in the garden or garden should be carried out in correct sequence. You need to choose the right plants and seeds for planting. They must be healthy, not damaged or defective.

Digging holes for planting. A plant is installed in them and the roots are sprinkled with earth. On adult fruit plants, excess shoots are cut off. When the flowering period has passed, dry inflorescences must be removed. To reduce the time for tillage, ground cover plants can be sown between the beds. Mulching is also carried out using special equipment. The amount of tiresome manual labor can be significantly reduced.

It is necessary to take into account the requirements for growing each type of crop. Some plants like shade, while others like light. Watering also needs to be carried out in a timely manner. Stagnation of water in the area can lead to a decrease in yield. It is necessary to think over and equip the correct drainage system if water stagnates in the soil.

Works in the garden

Spring work in the field, in the garden requires certain knowledge and skills. It will take a lot of time to bring the soil into the desired state. In the garden, you need to remove various garbage from the beds, stones. It is important to remove insects, their larvae, weeds and other pests.

Organic fertilizers are applied to the soil. For this, compost, rotted manure or peat is suitable. This will fill the soil with the substances necessary for the growth of crops. The soil should not be too dense. If necessary, it can be made easier by adding sand to the soil. If water stagnates on the site, you need to add fine gravel to the soil. If the soil, on the contrary, is too crumbly, you need to add clay to it. It will retain moisture.

The soil needs to be loosened. At the same time, you need to dig it up. It breaks the structure. Nutrients sink deeper. This negatively affects the growth horticultural crops. Therefore, loosening is used for beds. The depth of processing should not exceed 10 cm.

Completion of the preparation of the garden

Spring work in the field and garden is carried out taking into account climatic conditions. If there are frosts, large temperature drops, crops need to be covered or grown in a greenhouse.

Lawns need to be raked. If there are potholes in the soil, they need to be filled with soil. The surface of the lawn is sprinkled fine sand and level. In places where the grass does not grow, it is sown again.

You need to remove shelters from plants gradually. This is done at a time when the temperature at night will be quite high. First, the plants are allowed to get used to the temperature outside. Then they are opened.

Having considered the features of spring work in the field, garden and vegetable garden, you can understand the features of this process.

Inveterate summer residents are looking forward to spring thaws to take care of their plots. At first glance, it may seem that there is nothing to do in early spring, since the earth has not yet warmed up, and in some places there is still snow. spring dacha work include a whole range of activities to improve the territory and prepare it for the next season.

Essential gardening work in March

First of all, in March or April, you need to remove all covering materials that served as good protection for plants in very coldy. All structures will have to be thoroughly washed and dried so that when the next winter season comes, you can use them at the right time.

With the first rays of the sun, not only the juicy green of the flowers appears, but weeds also begin to actively break through. Pull them up by their roots from the wet ground. Young moss is well removed with a brush and water pressure from a hose. If you use water to restore order in March, remember that you need to work at positive temperatures, otherwise you yourself will freeze, and the site will turn into an ice rink.

An important stage of work in early spring is soil mulching. On prepared soil, many plants are less susceptible to decay, so you can harvest a good crop of strawberries, cucumbers or pumpkins.

Mulch performs a decorative function, and also protects plants from the scorching rays of the sun and the March cold. For the manufacture of the mulching mixture, sawdust, straw, compost or rotten leaves are most often used.

With the first rays of the sun, summer residents start planting tree seedlings. As long as the tree is dormant, it will do best in the new ground. Spring is also considered the most good time for grafting shrubs and trees.

In early spring, there is a lot of work at the dacha, so the owners of even small plots are looking forward to when the snow melts and at least a little warmer. From spring garden work the amount of harvest in the future, as well as the beauty of your favorite site, directly depends.

When spring fully comes into its own, summer residents, gardeners and gardeners have a lot of trouble. However, not everyone knows what work is done in the garden in the spring. To understand this issue, you need to study in detail what the soil, shrubs, trees and plants expect from us separately.

Preliminary work in the garden

First of all, you need to prepare the land for future work on it. First, get rid of the winter debris. Dry leaves, remnants of supports and shelters, windbreak - we do not need anything. It is important to take this matter seriously, because junk not only spoil appearance suburban area, but also creates a favorable environment for the reproduction of pests and insects. In the course of clearing the territory, weeds that have appeared should be removed from the soil. Until they get stronger, they can be easily pulled out of the ground. You can also get rid of larvae and live insects, which you will definitely meet in your spring garden.

Soil work

Earthwork in the garden in the spring requires strength and some skills. You will have to work hard with a shovel and a wheelbarrow, which will be needed to transport fertilizers. Before planting plants, the soil must be nourished.

Organic fertilizers - The best way create favorable conditions in the soil for the life of plants, shrubs and trees.

For perennial plants, minerals that contain potassium are suitable. It can be replaced by a regular chicken manure. The soil for garden plants and root crops can be cultivated using purchased, rotted manure or ready-made compost. Preparing a garden in the spring is a very important event, so you need to take this seriously. Groundbaiting and mulching is possible only when the soil is thoroughly moistened.

After last winter assess the quality of the soil

• If the ground is heavy, add airiness in the form of fine gravel or coarse sand. In this case, you will get rid of stagnation of water at the roots.
• If the soil is too crumbly, then a small amount of clay rocks should be added to retain nutrients and moisture on the surface.

The next stage of spring work in the garden is the process of loosening the soil.

Experienced summer residents know that it is impossible to constantly dig up the ground on the site. During digging, all useful and nutritious substances go deep into the soil, plus its structure deteriorates.

The garden in the spring requires a little loosening to a depth of no more than 5-8 cm. Porous and granular soil is a favorable environment for planting plants, in which the root system will quickly gain strength and growth.

Spring work in the garden with trees and shrubs

Working in the garden in the spring requires not only the preparation and fertilization of the soil. In the coming warm period, special attention should be paid to perennial plants and garden trees.

What can and should be done with them in the spring?

• Starting in April, you can start planting shrubs, evergreens, fruit and garden trees. In addition, at this time they can be transplanted.
• Before stone fruit trees and some berry bushes - raspberries, gooseberries, currants, etc. begin to grow again, they need to be cut.
• pruning ornamental shrubs and trees is possible only if they bloom in spring and summer, such as roses. However, plants that bloom on last year's shoots should be pruned only after flowering - that is, in spring or early summer.
• You can in the spring.
• At the beginning of the season, you can begin the process of reproduction - cutting trees and dividing perennials.

Spring work in the garden

When the soil warms up to 6-7 degrees, you can start planting some types of garden plants. Usually potatoes, bulbous breeds, garlic or seedlings are planted at this time. In order to get an early harvest of rhubarb and asparagus, they make a special forcing on open ground and blanching.

In late April - early May, other berry crops can also be planted. If the roots of the plants are bare, then they need to be covered with earth and water should be drained from the beds.

The second half of April is the time for sowing cold-resistant crops - radishes, dill, parsley, etc. White and color are planted in nurseries under shelters.

Tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cucumbers are planted in open ground at the end of spring. Some summer residents use for this.

Do not forget that many plants are afraid of frost, so you can finally unpack them only after the final warming.

What to do with the lawn in spring?

After the snow has melted, special attention should be paid to the lawn. Last year's grass needs to be torn out with a rake. Potholes that appeared on the grass should be covered with earth mixed with sand. The surface of the lawn is leveled, sprinkled with sand and seeds are planted in areas where there is no grass. In addition, spring work in the garden involves cutting hedges and repairing if necessary.

Preparing a garden in the spring is an exciting and interesting activity. The appearance of the summer cottage, the quality and quantity of the future harvest depend on how you carry out these works. Arranging your own garden, planting vegetables and caring for flowers will be a pleasant event if you give yourself to this process with all your heart.

Video conference - garden work in spring