Placement of plants on the site - the layout of the garden and vegetable garden. Layout of a vegetable garden and orchard: from a drawing to planting crops in examples Planting plants in a vegetable garden

29.08.2019

An ordinary garden is an amazing place, a special land plot, which, through the efforts of the owners, turns into an almost inexhaustible source of not only vitamins and fresh vegetables, but also a number of "by-products" - health, excellent health and vigor.

According to experienced summer residents, working in your own garden successfully replaces classes in the gym, brings a lot of pleasure and benefits. In addition, vegetables grown on their own plot differ in taste from those bought in a store or on the market, and, of course, for the better.

Spring work on the land begins with an important task - garden planning. It would seem that my plot, what I want, I plant, and the choice is not too great - on a standard six acres, you won’t turn around too much. And yet, the harvest largely depends on the choice of a place for a certain variety of vegetables, so planning a garden should be approached with all responsibility.

What factors should you pay attention to when planning a garden? What vegetables and where is the best place to plant?

Working in the garden is not necessarily hard work and daily chores. Gardening brings a lot of pleasure and benefits

We plan the garden correctly

So, you have already prepared the seeds and even grown seedlings at home. It remains only to decide - where exactly to plant all the plants, choosing optimal location on your site for certain types of vegetables. You can start planning a garden in early spring, when the snow has completely melted off the site, and the soil has dried well.

In general, the planning of the site, which is done by a summer resident with many years of gardening experience, looks like this - the owner simply walks along the already equipped paths, leaving sticks and pegs in the ground and muttering to himself: “Here are two beds of pepper”, “And here there will be tomatoes” . In fact, just like that, only many years of experience on the site allow summer residents to plan a garden. Less experienced gardeners should heed the advice of professionals and approach the process of planning vegetable planting in a scientific way.

The ideal vegetable garden looks like this - even rows of green, healthy plants that promise a high yield.

If you first decided to plant a garden on a newly acquired piece of land, then you will have to take into account several main factors:

Sides of the world. Experts advise breaking beds for future planting strictly in length from north to south or from northeast to southwest. So planting plants will warm up and be illuminated by the sun's rays during the day as evenly as possible. It has been proven that with this arrangement of beds, plants are less susceptible to fungal diseases. The south, slightly warmer and better lit side should be given to heat-loving crops such as beans, tomatoes and cucumbers, and the north side to cold-resistant ones - radish, turnips and rutabaga. To protect plants from cold winds, it is better to plant dense rows of corn, sunflowers or berry bushes, such as gooseberries or currants, on the north side.

Soil composition. If in this area vegetable crops will be planted for the first time, it is necessary to study the composition of the soil. If the soil is clayey, you will need to first add straw manure, sand, compost, soddy soil and mineral fertilizers to the soil. If the soil is sandy, then peat, manure and mineral fertilizers will be ideal additives. In case of increased acidity of the soil, it is necessary to add lime additives - quicklime or slaked lime, as well as wood ash. Of course, all of the above additives can be applied in the fall, but experts call early spring the optimal period for adjusting the composition of the soil - about a month before planting seedlings and seeds.

Illumination. To influence the illumination of the site is possible only by cutting down existing trees. Planting seedlings under the lush crowns of apple or pear trees is not recommended categorically. Trees can only grow on the north side of the garden - so they will not cover the plants from the sun's rays and at the same time protect them from the cold wind. If there is a free plot of land on the north side of the house, it is better to plant there undemanding plants, for example, sorrel or onions, to which excess sun is even harmful. Tomatoes or cucumbers in the shade will definitely wither. It is even better to give such a northern front garden for flowers, since growing vegetables here is quite risky.

Site relief. If the site has an uneven terrain, then in the lowland the soil will thaw and dry much longer in the spring than the land on the hills. Besides, in heavy rain these areas will have water. That is, you need to take care of a system of drainage grooves that will help get rid of excess moisture. In such low-lying places, professionals advise planting cabbage and other moisture-loving plants. But, if summer in your region is usually dry and hot, then you can plant both tomatoes and peppers in lowland areas - in this case, you will have to water the seedlings a little less often.

If on the site where it is planned to set up a garden, before that only weeds grew and there was an ordinary lawn, the owners have two options: remove upper layer completely remove soil with weed roots and add peat, rotted manure and, if necessary, sand to the soil; or simply dig up the site and plant potatoes here in the first year. The first option is too time-consuming and expensive, therefore it is not popular with gardeners. In the second case, in the first year, the potato crop will be low, but most of the weeds will disappear and the next season it will be possible to plant any, even the most fastidious vegetables.

When starting to plan a garden for the first time, it is worth considering both the characteristics of the soil and the location of the beds relative to the cardinal points.

Irrigation system

When planning a garden, special attention must be paid to the irrigation system. Tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and eggplants in the central regions with fairly dry summers have to be watered regularly - literally every three to four days. Therefore, for vegetables, it is better to choose areas that can be watered without much cost and problems.

The minimum program is that hoses from an outdoor tap should reach the beds. If your plot of land is too large, and the tap is located next to the house, then in remote areas it is better to set up a garden or plant particularly resistant plants that do not need additional watering. In this case, it is better to move the garden closer to the water source.

Remember that experts do not advise watering the beds with water directly from the tap. The best option is water that has already been settled, warmed up in the sun, and even better - collected rain water, or water from a local pond or river. If you want to heed the advice of professionals, you will need to install a large enough container for water next to the beds - rain or regular, from the tap. Such a container can even become an old cast iron or steel bath, capacious, specially ordered metal vat or large plastic barrel. In addition, you will need a water pump that will sink into the tank and provide excellent pressure when watering. You can, of course, water the beds from a watering can, but this is too long a process.

Another great irrigation system option is drip irrigation. If your site already has such a system, then the planting of vegetables will have to be “tied” to the plots already provided with water.

Do not want to spend a lot of time watering vegetables by hand with a watering can or stand for hours in the garden with a hose in hand? Take care of a drip irrigation system that will save both time and money on water bills

Every vegetable has its place.

Have you figured out the cardinal points, lighting and watering? It remains only to find out all the nuances regarding the compatibility of individual varieties of vegetables and their alternation in your garden. Every experienced summer resident knows that if, for example, potatoes grew on this site last year, then this year it is worth planting some other vegetables.

So, all vegetable crops are usually divided into:

Demanding who need a large number of nutrients. These include cabbage, zucchini, cucumber, pumpkin, tomatoes, peppers, and celery.
Medium demanding. Such vegetables need top dressing with fertilizers only once a year, unlike demanding ones, which have to be “fed” both in spring and autumn. These vegetables include: eggplant, onions, potatoes, carrots, beets, radishes, lettuce, kohlrabi, and garlic.
Undemanding. Cultures that cost a minimum of nutrients. These are peas, beans, parsley, dill, sage, basil and other seasonings.

To correctly draw up a plan for planting seeds and seedlings, the garden should be divided into four sections:

Allocate one for perennials, for example, strawberries and strawberries, which will have to be replanted no more than once every three to four years.
The second site is allocated for demanding plants.
The third is for medium-demanding crops.
And the fourth, of course, for undemanding plants.

A year later, particularly fastidious plants must be planted in the area where undemanding crops grew, medium-demanding plants should be planted in a plot where demanding crops had already been harvested, and undemanding ones, respectively, are sent to the site where medium-demanding cultivated plants grew last year.

This rotation is carried out every year and allows the soil to rest a bit and get a higher yield.

Plants of different levels of nutrient requirements must be alternated with each other when planting a vegetable garden

In addition, when planning the location of the beds, it is necessary to take into account the compatibility of plants. The compatibility of cultures lies in the ability to grow side by side, strengthening, complementing and protecting each other.

So, between the rows of tomatoes, it is quite possible to sow onions, garlic or radishes. An ideal "seal" for carrots or beets will be dill or lettuce. And the rows of potatoes can be combined with the planting of peas, which will be harvested earlier, and will “provide” their roots as an excellent fertilizer for potato tubers.

Experts say that ideal predecessors for cabbage are nightshade, that is, tomatoes, potatoes, peppers or eggplants, as well as cucumbers, legumes or onions.

In turn, cucumber seedlings are best planted in the place where pepper or spinach grew last year. The optimal predecessor for carrots and beets are cucumbers, tomatoes and peas.

Another important point - different term maturation and planting of plants allows you to get two crops of different crops on one site. For example, in early spring, you can sow onions for feathers or radishes, and after harvesting, plant gourds or tomatoes on this plot. After the garlic or onion has already been harvested, winter radish or lettuce will feel great in this area.

Plant Compatibility - important factor when planning a garden

Bed sizes

When planning a garden, do not forget about comfortable paths with a width of at least 30-40 centimeters, which will allow you to harvest tomatoes and peppers without harming flowering and fruiting plants.

The optimal width of the beds is 80-100 centimeters. If the bed is wider, it will make it difficult to care for plants and water.

If you lay not just dirt paths between the beds, but real paths made of stone or boards, then you can harvest even on the rainiest day or immediately after heavy watering, without fear of staining your shoes

In addition, do not forget that cucumbers grow better, bear fruit and occupy much space. less space if you provide them with a support on which they can curl. In this case, picking cucumbers will be much more convenient. Some varieties of tomatoes, such as tiny, delicious cherry tomatoes, also need support. Therefore, when planning beds with such tall and fragile crops, you need to take care of a fence or trellis on which cucumbers and tall tomato seedlings can rely.

High-growing tomato shoots need support, and cucumbers creeping along the ground will take up too much space. Plant them near the fence, and harvesting a bountiful harvest will be much more pleasant, and most importantly, easier!

And finally two more important moments- firstly, in the garden it is also necessary to leave a place for a compost heap, where you will throw off the remains of shoots and leaves in the fall, which in the future will become an excellent organic fertilizer. compost heap can be located at the very end of the site, in the shade, that is, in a place that, by its properties, is not suitable for planting useful plants.

Secondly, most likely, you will be building a greenhouse or greenhouse for early vegetables and seedlings. For such a structure, it is also necessary to allocate a suitable place in the sun.

Approach the garden planning thoughtfully and seriously, try to place crops with good compatibility nearby, rotate different families of vegetables in the same area, try to plant both early and late varieties of vegetables in the same bed to get two crops a year - and even a small the vegetable garden will provide your whole family with fresh herbs during the warm season, and in the fall the pantry will be filled with jars with preservation of your own production.

The garden is usually perceived only as a source of fresh vegetables and herbs. Meanwhile, green beds can become important element garden design. In addition, a reasonable layout of the garden, taking into account the needs of plants, helps to get an excellent harvest.

The main principles of garden planning

1. Maximum light

Most vegetables are photophilous. It is better to choose a well-lit and evenly lit area for the garden. For example, tomatoes reduce yields even if they are in the shade for about 2 to 3 hours a day. So that both sides are heated evenly, the beds are oriented from north to south.

2. Calculate your strength.

Allocate exactly as much space for the garden as you can - and want! - process. If you are in the country only on weekends and then not every time, it hardly makes sense to plan a large garden and strive to plant as many crops as possible.

3. Wide beds are not always good.

The planning of a personal plot usually begins with marking the beds for vegetables. Traditionally, in our gardens, the beds are made 100 - 120 cm wide. This saves the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe garden, but makes it difficult to care for plantings: it is not always convenient to stretch. 70 cm wide beds are much easier to care for. For the elderly, not only narrow, but also raised beds are convenient, over which you do not need to bend down. High beds are increasingly dressed in a frame made of boards, or ready-made ones are used, into which fertile soil is poured. In this case, both water and fertilizers are used by plants more rationally.

4. Do not get carried away with complex-shaped beds

This makes it difficult to care for and worsens the conditions for plants, since the earth dries out faster in the corners, so the plants may not develop evenly.

5. Passages between beds should not be the same width.

For normal care, a distance of 40 cm is sufficient; for high beds add 20 - 35 cm due to the presence of walls. If the garden is large, you need a through path for walking and walking, you can also make a platform for recreation. However, before proceeding with the formation of beds, think about how to lay a path. They should be wide enough, lead to all corners of the garden, it should be convenient not only to walk on them, but also to carry a cart.

6. Don't be afraid to combine cultures.

especially compatible with each other. Combination on the same bed different forms foliage, color shades and plant height looks much more attractive than monotonous rows of plantings.

Beautiful garden.

Suitable for gardening basic principles garden design, because volumetric decorative compositions can be created from almost any plant.

Tall plants are suitable for a single planting and creating a background: sunflower, corn, dill, amaranth, Jerusalem artichoke, lovage, rhubarb, tall tomatoes. Sorrel and horseradish will find their place under the rhubarb, mint, oregano, perennial onions, borage and spicy herbs will complement and decorate it with flowers and umbrellas.

Draw a garden plan

The main problems in planning a garden and a personal plot are the need to observe crop rotation and different needs for vegetables. Suppose a family needs one garden bed for radishes, a third of it for lettuce, and as many as three cucumbers. The next year, all the same things will have to be planted in a completely different way. On the one hand, this is a plus, since the picture looks different every time. On the other hand - headache, as this puzzle has to be solved year after year. To see if all the desired volume of vegetables will fit in the beds or if some positions will have to be reduced, draw a garden plan.

Divide the area into squares, rectangles, triangles. In nature, their size should be such that you can reach the middle of the bed with your hand. Estimate how many sections for which crop you need (for example, zucchini - 4, radish - 2, etc.).

Then cut out the required amount from a sheet of paper and sign the names of the crop, its height and color. And then move these pieces of paper according to the plan of the garden, changing their places in accordance with the crop rotation plans.

Place low plants closer to the front edge, medium ones behind them, tall ones in the background as accents. Insufficient height of vegetable plants can be compensated by the use of raised beds. Naturally, they have a ladder, the lowest ones are closer to the observer. Do not forget about lighting - this is very important when planning a garden: tall plants should not obscure low ones.

What can and cannot be planted.

There is horticultural crops, which cannot grow and develop side by side due to the mutual intolerance of root and essential secretions. But there are also plants capable of "mutual assistance": planted in the neighborhood, they favorably influence each other. This must be taken into account when planning a personal plot.

Dislikes neighborhoods:

tomatoes and kohlrabi;
cucumbers and cabbage;
onions (onions and garlic) and potatoes, cabbage, legumes, beets;
legumes and nightshade (tomatoes, peppers).

Happy owners of their own land plots, whether it is a dacha or private house, almost immediately face the problem of competent zoning of the territory. Now there are a lot of specialists in landscape design, but our man is closer to planning a garden with his own hands. A house, a garden and a vegetable garden are their own, and here it is important to take into account all the nuances from the very beginning, because it will be problematic or even impossible to remake.

Common types of planning

Tip: in the vast majority of cases, when designing a standard garden and vegetable garden with their own hands, experts adhere to proportions according to which residential buildings account for 10% of the territory, 15% is taken by a recreation area and outbuildings, 75% is given to plants.

Despite the apparent diversity, the layout of the garden plot can be done in four main ways.

The most common is the rectilinear or parallel-perpendicular version.. He is chosen not because he has some special beauty, but rather because it is easier. Plus, such an arrangement is subconsciously associated with order.

Important: parallel-perpendicular forms, in plan landscape design, create the effect of reducing space.
Therefore, in this way, planning can be carried out garden plot 10 acres or more.

The exact opposite would be the circular arrangement option.. Let's say right away that this is a rather specific method, and it requires certain knowledge in landscape design. An orchard and flower beds can be entered in this way, but it will be more difficult with a vegetable garden.
The diagonal arrangement can be called universal to some extent.. Thus, it can be done as a layout of a garden plot of 15 acres or more. So the arrangement on the standard six acres. The diagonal orientation creates a visual volume and at the same time makes it possible to easily arrange the location of various zones on the site with your own hands.
The fourth option can be safely called creative. There are no specific laws here, as a rule, it is a symbiosis of several of the types described above. Most often it is used in areas with incorrect configuration and broken perimeter lines.

Tip: Before you start implementing your project, be sure to draw it on paper.
If you have purchased a finished site, which already has some buildings and plantings that you do not plan to clean, they should be noted first of all and further build on the resulting picture.

Laws of rational distribution

Of course, it is much easier to plan the location of buildings, a garden and a vegetable garden on 10 acres, this is the very critical quadrature on which such landscape delights as an open pond or a separate playground will already look appropriate. But the owners of smaller plots should not be upset either, with a competent approach, you can make a masterpiece out of any territory.

In any project, the house is the main object, they pay attention to it in the first place, so you should start with it. The approach here can be twofold, depending on the general focus.

If the site is being developed with the aim of growing a good crop and in the future it should grow fruit trees and a rich garden, then it is better to place the buildings on the outskirts. Moreover, from the north or north-west side, so as not to block the sun for plants.

On the territory intended exclusively for recreation, with lawns and flower beds, it is more reasonable to locate housing in the center or closer to the front part. Outbuildings, in both cases, are recommended to be hidden in the depths of the territory, if this is not possible, then they should be decorated with shrubs or vineyards.

It is better to place a recreation area with a barbecue and appropriate furniture closer to home, in small areas it is appropriate to make a covered terrace adjacent to the house, in large areas you can equip a gazebo. So it will be more convenient to bring the necessary communications. But, of course, such a zone should be hidden from prying eyes.

If you wish to receive regular good harvests and admire the beauty of their flower beds all season long, then all green spaces should receive as much sunlight as possible. The layout plan is also important. orchard and a garden with your own hands, because the price of improper planting is the lack of a crop.

Arrangement of an orchard

Suppose that all the torments of creativity associated with the arrangement of various zones in your country house or in a private household are already behind us and it is time to purchase seedlings. The most common mistake young owners make is the desire to plant everything and more.

But do not forget that fertile land not dimensionless and on one hundred square meters no more than 7 tall, fruit-bearing trees can fit.

With a low or flat planting, you can fit up to 15 healthy trees and still have room for a small vineyard and shrubs. In this case, it is much better to plant less than to invest in quality seedlings, the price of which can be rather big, and uproot the trees after a couple of seasons, because they do not develop well and interfere with the growth of neighboring plantations.

Review your list.

Think about whether you need all the plants that you plan to plant.

Sea buckthorn is certainly useful, but after the first harvest, interest in it drops sharply. Intensive growth, thorns and problematic collection will quickly discourage growing it, it is easier to buy 1 - 2 cans on the market.
Cultivated undersized Walnut rare, in 80% of cases they will sell you a regular one. Its crown will cover a large area, and its roots can tear out a light strip foundation. It is appropriate for large plots or next to a capital cottage, creating a shadow over the barbecue area.
Hazelnuts will take a quarter of a hundred square meters and give a lot of shoots.
One viburnum is enough, it is better to plant it on the outskirts, near the fence. The plant is unpretentious and normally tolerates shade.
Chokeberry or chokeberry, for a big fan. The fruits are good for pressure, but this plant loves the sun.

Any plant reaches for the light, and until it reaches its goal, it will not bear fruit normally. Therefore, by planting a seedling in a deliberately shaded area, you doom yourself to a lack of harvest, and the plant to an eternal struggle. In this case, even the best, grafted seedlings will not save you.

The shadow is about half the height of the tree. Conditionally shaded is an area where there is no sun for half a day or more. But do not worry in these places you can place paths, design elements or flower beds.

Important: trees planted near high walls will “shy away” from them, they will need to be shaped.
The only exception is the south direction.

If the goal is big harvest then it is better to form trees with a height of no more than 2m, in some cases the height can reach up to 4m. A comfortable distance between the trunks should be two tree heights, in other words, there should be at least 4m between two-meter plants.

Lines of trees, vineyard trellises and rows of shrubs try to arrange from north to south. Thus, you get an additional opportunity to plant low-growing crops between the rows of tall plants, there will be enough sun for everyone.

A few words about the garden

In the garden, ease of movement is important. The comfortable size of the paths is made at least 40 cm. It should be convenient not only to walk on them, but also to import fertilizers or harvest.

Based on many years of experience, we can safely say that the parallel-perpendicular arrangement of the tracks is inconvenient in this case. You will constantly stumble over right angles, and scold sharp turns.

The law works on vegetable beds, the shorter the path, the better. Therefore, feel free to combine diagonals, semicircles, or any other configuration that is convenient for you.

The width of the beds can be different, but a good bed should be raised to a height of about 20 - 30 cm and edged with a border. The internal space, at the same time, is completely filled with fertile, fertilized soil.

Cabbage, root crops and some bushy legumes like beds at least 1 meter wide. Beds for climbing beans, tall spreading tomatoes, cucumbers or melons can be made 60 cm each.

You should also take into account mutual love or dislike of cultures.

Rhubarb, sorrel, perennial onions and horseradish are recommended to be planted separately from the general array.
A variety of greens, such as dill, parsley, spinach, arugula and other salads, will find their place between the main beds.
Cabbage does not tolerate neighborhood with tomatoes, strawberries, onions or potatoes. Onions are negatively related to legumes or turnips. Cucumbers do not need to be combined with tomatoes, rhubarb or carrots.
If we talk about a favorable combination, then legumes, corn and sorrel get along well with zucchini. Tomatoes like to grow next to parsley, beans, carrots or onions.

Important: do not forget about crop rotation.
Related plants should not be planted in one place for more than 3 years, after which redevelopment should be carried out.
Otherwise, land depletion may occur.

The video in this article reveals some of the secrets of landscape design and do-it-yourself garden planning.

Output

The layout of the garden and vegetable garden on 15 acres belongs to the category of layout of large areas. Unlike miniature 6 acres, there is already room for creative thought to roam here. But we do not advise you to neglect the above recommendations, it can take a lot of time to correct errors.

A rare owner of a private house prefers not to plant fruit trees on his plot. Everyone usually wants to have a fruit garden - in spring, trees delight with wonderful flowering and aroma, and fruits and berries from your own garden always seem much tastier than those bought in a store or market, besides, you know that these are environmentally friendly products. In the art of Feng Shui, the image of a blooming orchard is a symbol of abundance and prosperity. The layout of the garden is a responsible matter, their growth and ability to bear fruit will depend on how correctly you plant the trees, so this task must be treated with great attention.

If you want to grow vegetables in your garden as well, the layout of the garden and vegetable garden must be considered together. It is better to take a place for beds at the southern border, from north to south, this is better for crops growing in the middle lane. Some gardeners recommend placing beds from east to west. Behind the vegetable and strawberry (strawberry) beds are located fruit bushes- currant, gooseberry. Behind the bush trees are planted, berry shrubs easy Shade from trees will not hurt, and vegetable beds should be in the sun.

An example of the design of vegetable beds - they do not have to be square or rectangular, the original beds resemble flower beds

Before you start planning your garden, you need to take into account the following important factors:

What is the size of the area can be allocated for an orchard. For trees with spreading crowns, a distance of 4 sq.m.
terrain. For an orchard, flat terrain or a gentle slope would be ideal; cold air, excessive moisture, these areas are unfavorable for fruit trees.
Soil analysis of your site. Fruit crops have a powerful root system, soils must be fertile to provide it good food. Stony, clay, sandy soil is not suitable for a garden. The proximity of groundwater negatively affects the growth of trees.
Presence of heat and light. For most fruit trees, it is important that there is plenty of light and heat; in the shade, they grow and bear fruit much worse. It should be said about the area with constant strong wind- the wind interferes with normal pollination, dries the soil, often damages crops and breaks tree branches. A high fence or green spaces can partially protect against winds.

Planning starts with a blueprint on paper. If there is already a house on the site, you need to start planning from it. A map of the site, the contours of the house and other buildings, as well as places where trees already grow, are applied to the paper on a scale.

This site is protected from the wind by trees planted around it, which have already grown enough to provide protection.

If the site is not built up yet, a place for building a house is applied to the scheme. The layout of the garden on the site suggests the presence of a front garden. The house should face the street, in front of it there is a strip of land for the front garden. Its size depends on the area of the site - for someone it is only a meter, for someone it is 6-8 meters. In a small front garden, flowers, raspberries and berry bushes are usually planted, in a large one - ornamental trees, flowers or several fruit trees at the discretion of the owners.

For large fruit trees - apple trees, pears, take a place in the northeast side of the site, between them and fruit and berry bushes - a place for smaller trees - cherries, plums.

An example of the layout of the garden and vegetable garden - the site is divided into two parts. In the first - a house surrounded by a front garden and beds with vegetables, the second half - an orchard with trees planted in rows

In general, it will be convenient to draw a site plan, put on it all the existing buildings, the proposed location of the garden and vegetable garden. On the site you need to mark the holes for planting trees. Try to plant trees at a distance so that as they grow, they do not obscure each other. Heap-growing bushes and trees in the garden do not grow well, in addition, conditions are created for diseases of horticultural crops. In fruit trees, the root system is powerful, it should develop freely.

Advice. If your site is overgrown with wild shrubs, there are stumps on it that need to be uprooted, do necessary work and burn the wood residues. Collect the ashes in a dry place, it will come in handy when creating fertile beds.

Usually, the layout of an orchard involves planting trees in such a way that they do not obscure the neighbors' plots, but it is not uncommon for a tree to grow near the fence itself, providing both owners and neighbors with fruits, while no one has any complaints.

Today it is fashionable to give the beds an original shape, for example, a pizza garden. The highlight is that from the round beds in the center, the rest diverge like slices of pizza, forming a circle.

At the borders of the site, raspberries, blackberries or berry bushes are usually planted, which also bear fruit well in shading.

Landscaping and regular planning

Below we give examples of garden planning for lovers of order and clarity of forms and for those who like it when plants in an orchard are also planted according to the scheme, but give the impression of natural areas.

Landscaping involves the arrangement of trees and other crops in a free order, close to natural. In such a garden, in addition to fruit crops, decorative ones are also widely used.

An example of a free-plan garden - vegetable beds on the left and top, fruit trees planted in groups in the center and on the right

With regular planning, trees and shrubs, as well as vegetables in the garden, are planted in strict rows at the same distance. The landing pattern also has a strict geometric shape - a square for sections whose length and width are almost equal, and a rectangle for sections whose length is much greater than the width.

An example of a regular layout of a garden with a vegetable garden is a clear geometry, the site is divided into regular squares, rectangles, plants are planted in rows

Where are the best crops to plant?

These are trees and shrubs that grow well and bear fruit in your latitudes. For middle lane these are pears, apple trees (it is desirable to plant several trees of different varieties), different varieties of plums and cherry plums, cherries. Cherries and apricots will ripen in warm latitudes. Berry bushes - all varieties of currants, gooseberries, blackberries, raspberries. With a small area of \u200b\u200bthe plot, shrubs are conveniently located around the perimeter.

If you plant a few apple trees, among which there will be summer, autumn and winter apple trees, the fruits will delight you in different time of the year

An example of an interesting garden layout - paths diverge from a square of slabs in the center, between which there are beds, planted on each of the beds different cultures. Get comfortable with any of them.

On vegetable beds nearby, you need to plant crops that grow well in close proximity to each other:

cabbage, cucumbers, peas;
white cabbage, dill, potatoes, onions, lettuce, celery;
tomatoes, peas, carrots;
horseradish, potatoes, beans, onions, cabbage.

When you draw a diagram, decide which plants to plant and in what quantity, you can start marking the garden on the ground, buy seedlings and prepare the soil.

Nowadays many people have Vacation home with a small plot of land that they would like to take under the garden or vegetable garden. It would seem, at first glance, quite simple task, however, in order for everything to be not only beautiful, but also practical, it is necessary to work hard on correct layout land plot. This task is not easy, because in the planning process you need to follow certain rules. How to plan a garden and a garden, the photos of which will look just amazing, as well as existing planning models, will be discussed later in this article.

Landscaping: where to start?

Before we talk about how to plan a garden, you need to understand what it is and why it is needed. Planning is a breakdown of a piece of land into separate zones in order to rationalize its use. However, where do you start? The first step is to decide for what purposes the land will be used. You can plant a plot with fruit trees or shrubs, make a garden out of it, or you can even, having correctly planned everything, combine a garden and a vegetable garden. In the latter case, the whole difficulty lies, since not all people know how to properly plan a garden. Therefore, you should start with the creation of your own unique idea. If your imagination is not enough for you, then you can turn to landscape designers for help.

Step by step planning guide

It’s not so difficult to make a garden or vegetable garden from a piece of land in a country house separately, but if you want to grow both vegetables and fruit crops, then in this case it is simply impossible to do without a correct and thoughtful layout. How to plan a garden and a garden so that they are as convenient as possible? All planning work is carried out in the following sequence:

Draw on a piece of paper a rough outline of how you want your household plot. Determine in advance where the beds will be located, and where you will plant fruitful trees.
Calculate the total area of the site and distribute it into zones that will be used for planting certain crops. In this case, it is necessary to take into account the fact that it is not recommended to plant trees too close to each other. It is also worth paying attention to how to plan the plot of the garden. Everything should be thought out literally to the smallest detail in order to make the most of every meter of land for planting.
Decide what crops you will be growing. In the garden, you can plant potatoes, as well as take several beds for tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers and other vegetables. In the garden, you can plant one type of fruit-bearing trees, as well as several bushes of raspberries, currants and strawberries. It all depends on your desires and preferences.
Determine the type of soil in your backyard, as well as its properties. This is very important, because the quality of the future crop depends on the quality of the soil.

If you do not know how to plan your own garden, seek the help of qualified professionals. They will not only help you distribute the land more rationally, but also tell you which types of plants can be planted together and which not, select the best fertilizers and tell you about the intensity of watering and the rules for caring for plants.

Drawing up a diagram of a personal plot

When you finally decide how to plan a garden and a garden, photos of which will delight you and your loved ones, and carefully consider all the nuances, you can start drawing up a planting plan. How to do it will be discussed further.

What should be shown on the diagram?

You should think over as best as possible, not only what crops will grow on your plot, but also on what basis they will be planted.

The landing scheme can be developed independently, without resorting to the help of professionals, but the following instruction will help you with this:

Take a photo of your garden so you always have a picture of it at hand. This will allow you to correctly draw up a diagram and avoid many mistakes in the planning process.
Make a plan for your suburban area with the location on it of all the buildings and the land that you want to plant.
Mark up the diagram. This will allow you to calculate the optimal distance between trees and beds.

To make it more convenient to work with the diagram and get a more visual image of the future garden and vegetable garden, you can paint individual zones with different colors.

Land planning: an overview of existing models

If you do not know how to plan a garden yourself, then you can use ready-made planning models. There are quite a few models, but the main and most common today are only three: decorative, rectangular and arbitrary. It should be noted right away that when choosing a model, you should be guided not only by the features of the relief in your country house. Let's take a closer look at each model and talk about its features, as well as advantages and disadvantages.

decorative model

Perfect for those people who do not want to bother much with gardening and plan to grow only ornamental plants and plantings. This model involves the improvement of a certain piece of land in the form of a circle, which is planted with flowers and shrubs. Currant and raspberry bushes are not planted too tightly around a kind of flower bed. If the land area allows, then you can also plant several fruit trees.

Rectangular model

If you do not know how to plan a garden, a photo of which will need to be taken upon completion of planning, then the best option would be to use a rectangular layout model. It is universal because it allows one part of the land to be used for a garden, and the other to be taken to a garden. The land plot in this case may have a square or rectangular shape. At the beginning of the site, beds are made for vegetable crops, berry bushes are planted next to them, and fruit trees are usually located a little further away.

Custom Model

It is used on plots of land of non-standard shape, regardless of size. The number of beds and fruit-bearing plants depends solely on the area, and the principle of planting them is completely identical to that used in the rectangular model.

Conclusion

Now you have a detailed idea of how to plan a garden. Despite the fact that this task is not an easy one, especially for people who do not have experience in performing such work, nevertheless, if you strictly follow the instructions and recommendations described in this article, then you will certainly succeed.

Finally, it is worth noting that, no matter which planning model you choose, it is necessary to take into account the features of the relief of the land plot, as well as the natural factors of your region. In addition, use only young seedlings for planting, as old trees produce very little yield. Don't be afraid to experiment in your area. Only the one who does nothing fails.