Many gardeners are faced with the problem of poor soil: for someone in the country it is too oxidized, for someone it is too heavy or, conversely, not at all fertile. You either have to do your best to improve the quality of the land, or abandon the idea of vegetable beds and leave only lawns with trees on the site. I will help you decide whether to buy black soil for your dacha. My own experience allows me to become your adviser in this matter.
We were especially “lucky” with our neighbors: having settled on the shore of an artificial reservoir, we received “allots” of sandy loamy soil, more like sand than garden soil. The soil contained too few nutrients and could not retain moisture: half an hour after the heavy rain the paths are completely dry.
What to say about vegetable crops ah, if any of them survived, they gave a meager harvest. Or they demanded too much attention to themselves - just manage to appease the earth! Some plants (including berry bushes) simply withered from a lack of essential substances in the ground.
However, the sandy soil also had positive aspects. Therefore, in order to decide whether to buy black soil for the site or not, I propose to consider the pros and cons of soil and sandy loam too.
Features of sandy soil:
- Ease. It is easy to dig up such land, so a fragile girl or an elderly person can take care of the garden: no tears and headaches from the mere thought of a shovel.
— Poverty of the earth. In fact, both negative and positive are combined in this paragraph! Indeed, in addition to vegetable crops, weeds also grow on the site. Their sandy loamy soil is also depressing, so pest plants do not grow in the beds and do not reach such sizes as on fertile soil. And because of the lightness of the earth, pulling out weeds is much easier, while their roots do not “hold” the ground much, and therefore do not break off.
- Loss of moisture. Sand absorbs water like a sponge. But it does not hold it, but passes it down, which has a very bad effect on plants. It turns out that crops systematically do not receive the moisture they need: the water leaves without having time to moisten the root system. In order to somehow fix this problem, experienced summer residents recommend slowly digging peat into sandy loamy beds or laying a layer of clay on the bottom of the beds, which will retain moisture. But this is a very laborious process, “thanks to” which you can break your back in the country. Not to mention the fact that both peat and clay also need to be “gotten” somewhere and paid money for it.
Features of imported chernozem:
— Weeds. New land will certainly bring new weeds and new diseases to the site - you need to be prepared for this. In our country, for example, the chernozem brought in from autumn "manifested" in early spring when hemp bushes sprouted on the beds 🙂 No one is safe from this, so you need to carefully monitor the new soil for at least the first year.
- Heavy ground. After the usual sandy loam soil, the processing of new beds with black soil may seem more hard work: plants in such soil grow stronger, it is difficult to pull out weeds.
— Better storage moisture. You also need to get used to the fact that water after irrigation does not go into the ground instantly. So - to adapt to watering new beds less often, otherwise nightshade crops (tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, potatoes) can rot or get sick with a fungus from excess moisture.
- Expensive. Of course, the cost of black soil for suburban area varies in different regions but it's not cheap anyway. Therefore, if you do not think to seriously engage in the cultivation of vegetables, it is better to refuse imported land, so that later you do not suffer about the “missing” money.
— Depletion of the land in the future. Over the years, even the best black soil will still mix with the "native" land of your site. And if you, like ours, have sandy loamy soil, then the useful substances of the black soil will also go through it along with the water. But on the other hand, until the land is completely depleted, you will have 20-25 years, during which it will be possible to grow vegetables more successfully (in comparison with sand).
So, after weighing all these pros and cons, we decided to buy black soil for our dacha. The truck with the earth barely fit into the narrow dacha street (keep this in mind!), poured out a mountain of earth and left. And we had to deliver the black soil to the planned beds and level the ground, which took almost a whole day. A whole truck is not enough for the entire plot, so I advise you to think in advance which of the beds you will “ennoble” with new land, and be sure to get a garden wheelbarrow for transporting soil. Without a shovel and a wheelbarrow, it’s better not to take on this business!
1. The soil change had almost no effect on tomatoes and carrots: to obtain good harvest these crops must be planted at the appropriate time and systematically cared for.
But zucchini, cucumbers and squash reacted very well to black soil! In the photo you see a bed divided in half: on the left (on black soil), zucchini grew strong and strong, and on the right (on sandy loamy soil), their bushes look rather weak. 
2. For pumpkin new earth became a panacea. Previously, our pumpkins did not grow well: the bushes turned out to be small, but the ovaries did not develop and disappeared: 
Now, on the black earth, strong pumpkin lashes have grown by 2 meters, and the ovaries quickly began to increase in size. Moreover, the pumpkin fruits continued to grow even when we were not at the dacha: they perfectly endured 10 days without watering and rain! 
3. Peppers also appreciated the black soil. Previously, on the sand, they gave a very meager harvest: out of 10 bushes, it was possible to get only 2-3 peppers per season. The bushes looked frail, although they were watered regularly - twice a day. 
By the way, find out.
On the black soil, peppers began to grow rapidly: the bushes turned out to be strong, and several ovaries formed on each. So in the case of peppers, black soil is several times more effective. 
4. Beetroot also liked black soil more. Despite the fact that this crop requires a lot of attention (loosening, organic and boron top dressing), the beet garden on the black soil turned out to be very successful. 
5. Legumes on the black soil were especially pleased. We finally managed to grow a sweet green pea, curly beans and even Chinese asparagus
Not every site intended for the construction of a summer residence can boast of a flat terrain. The arrangement of the territory within its boundaries is difficult. In such cases, the site should be raised even before the construction of the house. To get it right raise the level of the area, it is necessary to determine its geological features and relief. The land can be located:
- Above sea level.
- Below sea level.
- Above ground level.
- Below ground level.
Based on the terrain, determine what is the best way to raise land.
In the first and third cases, raising the ground in the country may be required only to level the terrain: eliminate depressions and smooth out irregularities. Land below sea level is usually swampy and the site should be raised to avoid flooding the foundations of buildings. If the cottage or cottage is located below ground level, then water from neighboring slopes will accumulate on the territory of the household.
How to raise the land on the site, ask by phone + 7-985-112-20-10
There are several basic ways to level up. If the lifting height lies within 30 centimeters, then soil imported or taken from neighboring elevations is used. The poured earth mixture is leveled, compacted and covered with a fertile layer (previously removed).
With level differences of more than 30 centimeters or more, planning mixtures are used (sand in combination with soil and clay). Laying of materials is carried out in layers, sprinkled with fertilizers and covered with fertile soil.
Only specialists can correctly determine the composition of planning mixtures. It usually depends on the budget cheap option This clay, loam, soil, sandy loam), but it is also possible with sand, sandy soil, soil and black soil!
After evaluating the surface fertile layer, professionals will tell you if the soil ( loam, sandy loam, soil) what composition should be used to properly raise the level of the site. It should be noted that the price of the mixture different composition is different. To raise the level by 1 meter per 1 hectare of area, about 100 cubic meters of earth mixture will be required.
Preparatory stage of work
Before, how to raise the earth in the country , a number of preliminary steps must be taken:
- study the terrain;
- determine the depth ground water;
- determine the type of soil; neighbors)
- clean the surface of debris, weeds, stumps;
- allow dump trucks to enter the gate!
You can qualitatively raise the site with the help of strip foundation, which is also created in the preliminary step. To create it, they dig a trench to a depth of 20 centimeters and select the soil. Then formwork is made from boards and poured with mortar. And the excavated soil is planned for the summer cottage!
Provision of services for raising a land plot from 6 acres
how raise the ground on the site, to provide good drainage and stock excess water? To do this, lay the earth mixture ( soil clay sand sand soil soil) with a slight slope - equal to 3 centimeters per meter of length. The sequence of work is as follows:
In the spring, along many highways, you can find trucks with black soil for sale. Learn how to choose the right soil for your vegetable garden.
Chernozems are soils of the forest-steppe and steppe zones with agronomically valuable indicators: physical (crumbly granular structure, porosity, moisture capacity), chemical (nutrient content, acidity, humus content) and microbiological. There are no such soils anywhere else in the world, and chernozems are recognized as our national wealth.
POLLUTION PROBLEMS
Companies offering black soil for sale must have permission to use state subsoil. However, it is often found that sellers of black soil do not have not only state permits, but even certificates of sanitary examination. But the proposed soil may well be recruited if not in Chernobyl zone, then just near highway, where the content of heavy metals from exhaust gases is extremely high.
A similar problem is possible if a car with relatively clean soil has been waiting for sale in an area of heavy traffic for a long time, or if it was collected from the places of former collective farm fields where long-decomposing pesticides were intensively used before. Often chernozem is sold under the guise of a soil mixture for a lawn (in this case permits easier to get).
In any case, when buying soil for a site, try to check its quality as much as possible and, if possible, find out the level of heavy metals, conduct radiological control, find out the content of nutrients, acidity, microflora and mechanical composition.
QUALITY CRITERIA
Chemical indicators. First of all, high-quality chernozem has a high content of nutrients and a high percentage of humus. All crops take out the most potassium from a pound with a crop, and this element should be the most in black soil. Sandy and sandy soils are poor in potassium. Therefore, if the soil is taken from where there is sand under a 20-30 cm layer of black soil, you can easily open low quality even without the help of an agrochemical laboratory, but simply by the presence of sand in the ground. Do not be afraid of high nitrogen content, this is normal.
Physical indicators. Here, do not be too lazy to get into the car and slightly clear the pound. The best chernozem is only dry on top, and already at a depth of 20 cm it is moist (the moisture content must be indicated in the certificate), with a pleasant granular-friable structure, black. If you still wet it, you can make a ring like plasticine from the fertile layer. If it crumbles, the humus content in the soil is low, as is its general quality. Do not be too lazy to do this, even if the mechanical composition is indicated in the certificate. Also, you should not buy a pound, in the certificate for which there are characteristics "podzolic" and "marsh". Finally, pay attention to the presence of vegetation. The abundance of weed roots, sticks and stubble sharply reduces the value of the goods.
Consider a common example - the construction is completed, it remains to start the land and ennoble the site.
Before bringing the land to the site, immediately think about drainage in the area (to drain wastewater, remember how snow melts in spring, where water stagnation is located - this will help to zone the site in the future) and drain wells.
Use our section landscape design.
If everything is taken into account, the required amount of soil for the site is calculated, we begin the process.
Now let's turn to our experience and make the soil as fertile as possible!
In different regions there will always be companies or individual drivers in trucks that sell soil in large volumes. No matter how you are assured of the sale of fertile soil - DO NOT BELIEVE! Such soil is taken either from agricultural land or simply brought from the forest (and never buy soil from construction sites - it is usually saturated with fuel oil, paint or something similar).
The soil from the fields is properly depleted and with a high concentration of chemical fertilizers, fungal and bacterial diseases and pests are also possible.
So, we bring soil by cars, you can peat, you can " good land"(with a calculated volume) and pour it out on the site (immediately think over the place). Then we bring a sand machine. And mix (of course, not with our hands, but with special equipment).
Now you need to get rid of diseases and pests - we process them in a complex way (Alirin, Gamair, Trichocin, Gliocladin, you can Prestige). We calculate the application rates for your volume.
Next step - mulching. We bring Agrovermiculitis, Expanded perlite, Mulch mixtures, in general, which is available in your area.
Only after that the soil can be spread over the site.
Next, you need to enrich the soil. Fill it with micro and macro elements. It is enough to apply according to the instructions (where the application rates are prescribed) complex universal fertilizer. Contribute organic HUM fertilizers. And fill it with useful bacteria that will accelerate the process of formation of fertile soil - they are contained, for example, in Baykam EM.
And leave the land to winter for one season.
Why is this being done? The earth will settle a little (you can immediately add places of subsidence). Bacteria and fertilizers will completely dissolve and create the most fertile layer. All pests and diseases will be eliminated. And you will once again calmly and thoughtfully plan the site.
That, in general, is all the wisdom when filling with new soil on the site.
If you decide to purchase a summer cottage, you should think first of all about the soil. The soil is the basis of everything, your guarantee of a good harvest. It would seem that the task is easy - in the spring they sell soil at every corner, and everything is completely black earth. But everything is not so simple.
Let's figure it out.
- Buy soil only in trusted specialized companies. There are many such companies now, they are easy to find on request on the Internet. On the websites of companies you can get acquainted with the company's product, the composition of the soil. Buying soil from a company is less likely to buy bad soil and be deceived. In practice, the chernozem of single sellers is a cultivated substrate from greenhouses or a layer cut off during the expansion of expensive or abandoned collective farm fields. It is difficult to check such soil without laboratory analysis, and the license is unlikely to be a genuine document.
- It is necessary to determine the composition of the soil and calculate the volume. Experts do not recommend using more than 30% peat in the composition. Soil with a high content of peat settles quickly and the soil must be bought with a margin. If the composition is more than half peat, such soil is mixed with the soil of the allotment, plants are mulched with a thin layer of peat.
- The cost of soil from different suppliers may vary, but each company has both economical options with poorer soil, and richer soil at a higher price. If it is difficult for you to calculate how much soil and what composition to buy, companies often provide a service with which they can help you calculate the cost based on your requests and site.
Most often used:
- Humus and peat;
- Manure and peat;
- Chernozem;
- Sand for leveling.
Chernozem is recognized as the most fertile soil. However, summer residents claim that during transportation it loses its properties. Many gardeners are happy with a more economical option - manure and peat or humus and peat.
How to determine good soil by eye?
Without expertise, this is difficult, but there are factors that reduce the chance of buying bad soil.
- Pay attention to the homogeneity of the soil, the soil is well mixed, there are no foreign elements (stones, fragments of boards, glass, clay clods)
- Soil loose, small clods
What to do with the brought soil?
The earth on the site must first be dug up and leveled, and the brought soil should be poured on top. If necessary, mix with the ground.
All the soil is rarely used at once, it must be able to store. Keep the soil in a dry area in the corner of the allotment where there is no watering. Store the soil 2-3 meters from tree trunks, cover it with a film to keep it dry.
We hope these tips will help you right choice. We wish you a rich harvest!
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