The process of warming a wooden house from the inside. How to insulate the walls in a wooden house from the inside with your own hands How and how to insulate a wooden house from the inside

Wall insulation from the inside in wooden houses makes them more comfortable and economical. In addition, the good performance of the walls in terms of heat engineering allows you to save on heating. The issue should be approached seriously, since the result will completely depend on the chosen material and compliance with the technology.

Warming from the inside

Thermal insulation of the house from the inside avoids the need exterior finish. With this approach, it is possible to preserve the attractive appearance of a building made of timber or rounded logs. But the technology has a number of disadvantages that you should prepare for:

• interiors are protected from the harmful effects of cold, but not walls;
• the useful area of ​​the building is reduced;
• there are certain restrictions on the materials used.

Which heater to choose

What is the best way to insulate a house? It is worth starting from the material of the walls. The tree has gained well-deserved popularity due to the fact that it is able to "breathe". Wood is well breathable, while providing excellent ventilation in the premises.

To save useful property to the full extent, when working from the inside with your own hands, you need to use materials that are similar in breathability to wood. To insulate the house, it is better to abandon such heat insulators as:

• Styrofoam;
• extruded polystyrene foam (or more simply “Penoplex”);
• penoizol.

They are highly airtight, so they can create a greenhouse effect in the building. This will require an expensive forced ventilation device or the installation of air conditioners.

The best material for thermal insulation will be mineral wool.

Its advantages include:

• high efficiency;
• the ability to pass air without interfering with natural ventilation;
• safety for human health and the environment;
• incombustibility;
• ease of installation;
• availability;
• low cost.

But when using cotton wool, it is worth remembering its shortcomings. The material absorbs moisture well, while ceasing to perform its main function. To avoid getting wet, you should also purchase a vapor barrier and wind-waterproofing.

Scheme of layers for insulation with mineral wool

There are several varieties mineral wool. The best option would be basalt (stone) insulation in slabs. You can also choose glass wool, which is available in the form of mats twisted into a roll. The second option can cause difficulties during installation. The material is highly prickly, and the particles, getting into the lungs or on the skin, cause itching. To avoid unpleasant consequences, all work with glass wool is carried out in special clothing and masks.

The most undesirable, but inexpensive option would be slag wool. But, insulating your home, it is better not to save. Cotton wool is made from industrial waste. Manufacturers are responsible for safety, but it is not always possible to check from which slags the insulation is made. You can easily come across low-quality material or a fake, with which the insulation of a wooden house from the inside will be dangerous to health and life.

Preparatory stage

Before insulating a wooden house from the inside, you will need to prepare the walls. This is especially true if it is necessary to insulate an old wooden house. In this case, the material that was used for the caulking has managed to clot. The main task at this stage will be the elimination of cracks - sources of drafts, cold and moisture.

Work begins with cleaning the base. You will need to remove the dust and dirt that has accumulated on the walls. Before warming up old house, it is worth checking the strength of the wood. It should not be damaged by various pests. Otherwise, it is better to strengthen the walls.

To prevent problems with insects and microorganisms in the future, the surface is treated antiseptic formulations. You can also perform the treatment with fire retardants, they increase the resistance of the material to fire.

Treatment with antiseptics will protect the wood from decay

Wood shrinks over time. Because of this, cracks may appear in the walls. Before starting work on insulation, it is worth doing. Currently, jute is most often used for these purposes. For large gaps, it would be wise to purchase tape tow. The material is hammered between logs or timber using a chisel.

Caulking will protect the walls from blowing and become an additional heat insulator

It is necessary to perform work until the material ceases to fit into the space and begins to hang out. High-quality caulking is the key to a warm home.

Wind waterproofing of walls

Mineral wool is afraid of moisture. Before you insulate the walls in a wooden house, you should take care of protecting the insulation. On the outside of the mineral wool, a layer of wind-waterproofing is fixed. It prevents weathering and penetration of atmospheric moisture. There are several types suitable materials, but the best option would be a vapor diffusion membrane.

This modern material reliably protects against water, but does not interfere with the movement of air and steam. This allows you to maintain the ability of the walls to breathe, as well as ensure the removal of moisture from the insulation.

Waterproofing is attached to the walls with a construction stapler. The joints of the canvases are made with an overlap of at least 10 cm and glued with adhesive tape or a special tape.

Insulation installation

Internal wall insulation is carried out according to the frame. It can be made from wood metal profile. The easiest way to insulate a building made of wood is to use wood for the frame. It is important to correctly select the geometric dimensions of the frame:

• The pitch of the racks is selected taking into account the width of the insulation. It should be about 2 cm less than the width of the mats or slabs. This is necessary for a tight fit of the material. For mineral wool, such a step of racks is most often used so that a distance of 58 cm remains between them in the light.
• The frame overhang must take into account the thickness of the insulation and the required ventilation gap. It is needed to remove condensate from the surface and allows you to keep the material dry. The thickness of the ventilation gap is usually taken equal to 3-5 cm.

The installation of plates in the walls should be carried out with an interference fit - then it will not begin to slide over time

Mineral wool is laid between the racks of the crate. With the right choice of the step of the latter, the heat insulator will be held due to friction. For additional fixing, you can use special plastic dowels, they are usually sold together with insulation.

vapor barrier

How to properly insulate the walls of a wooden house from the inside? It is important not only to choose the right insulation, but also to protect it from all types of moisture. Indoor spaces are characterized by sufficiently high humidity, water in the form of steam can easily reach the mineral wool and reduce its effectiveness.

Vapor barrier - a mandatory layer when using mineral wool

Internal wall insulation implies a mandatory presence. It is mounted on top of the heater. A good option for protection is vapor barrier membranes.

They are more expensive than films, but they do not interfere with the movement of air through the walls. The membranes will become more modern and effective option.
Insulation of a wooden wall from the inside with their help is carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. Mounting method may vary for different types.

Finishing

The insulation of the walls of a wooden house is completed with a fine finish. For these purposes, you can use the most different variants. But when choosing a material, it is worth remembering about ventilation. The finishing layer should not impede the movement of air, otherwise the entire previous choice of materials is useless.

Lining for interior lining - a simple, inexpensive and environmentally friendly option

Insulation thickness

Wall insulation in wooden houses from the inside should begin with the calculation of the thickness of the heat insulator. Only a professional can perform detailed calculations. With independent construction, you can use special programs. For example, the Teremok program. It is quite simple and is freely available. There is both an online version and a PC app.

On average, mineral wool 80-100 mm thick is used for walls. But it all depends on the climatic region.
Before insulating your own wooden house from the inside, you should carefully study the information on the topic.

And do not forget that from the point of view of heat engineering, it is more correct.

Competent performance of work is the key to durability and comfort.

Wood has been used in construction since ancient times. This material is valued for its affordability and thermal conductivity. A house made of timber requires proper care, then it will always be comfortable in it. Many have noticed that two or three years after construction, the house becomes noticeably colder. This is due to the fact that all the walls of the building are in constant motion.

The position of the bars changes slightly and cracks appear along the seams, even correctly installed windows begin to let in drafts over time. Construction flaws can also manifest themselves. In fact, fixing all these reasons is not difficult even with your own hands. If you do not want to spoil the appearance of the house, we will tell you how to insulate a log house from the inside.

Why is it cold inside a wooden house:

1. Walls. Small gaps in the seams of a wooden house are the most common reason for the lack of heat in the premises.
2. Windows and doors. Eternal sources of drafts and heat losses in any home.
3. Ceiling. From the course of physics it is known that warm air rises. If the upper part of the house from the timber is not sufficiently insulated, the heat simply escapes.
4. Floor of the first floor. In any house, it has a large area. Cold from the ground can greatly cool the air in the house.

Consider in order what you can do with your own hands with each of these reasons.

How to insulate the walls of a wooden house

First, the walls of the house need to be caulked. For this, a special tool is used - a caulk. If it is not available, a hard spatula or a wide screwdriver is used. As a heater, tow, hemp, felt or jute rope. It is not difficult to do it with your own hands, the main thing is to correctly follow the sequence of actions.

You need to start caulking from the bottom seam around the entire perimeter of the house, only then move on to the next one.

The insulation must be driven into the cracks of the timber as densely and deeply as possible. You need to understand that after finishing work, the ceiling height will increase by several centimeters. Therefore, if you caulk each part of the house separately, one of the walls may collapse - the timber will simply pop out of the groove. Another way is to apply acrylic or silicone sealant to the joint of the timber.

If you are not satisfied with the result achieved, experts advise to additionally insulate the walls with thermal insulation. To do this, a guide beam is vertically attached to the wall, its height must be equal to the thickness of the insulating material. The entire surface is covered with a layer of waterproofing. Insulation is laid tightly between the guides, without gaps. For this purpose, any sheet material is suitable. After that, it remains only to make decorative wall cladding.

Windows and doors - how to get rid of the cold

The two main causes of cold from front doors and windows are drafts and insufficient insulation. Very often, cold from openings is confused with drafts. To determine the cause of a heat leak, you just need to make sure that the doors and windows are actually blowing or not. To do this, you need to hold a burning lighter at a short distance along the perimeter of the frame and sashes.

If the draft comes from the sashes, you need to seal all joints. To do this, it will be enough to stick a silicone seal with your own hands. You can also use foam rubber, but it has a short service life. You can also glue the windows with construction tape for the winter.

If it seeps through the perimeter of the frame, it is necessary to remove the trim and window sill to get to the opening between the wall and the frame. Then the opening is glued with waterproofing and insulated. As thermal insulation, you can use any rolled insulation or mounting foam. From above, the insulation must be pasted over with aluminum or reinforced tape, after which the platbands are put in place.

If it feels cold from the door, but there is no draft, you need to check the thermal insulation of the door. To do this, experts advise simply knocking on the canvas. The hollow structure from the inside will have to be changed. A window with single glazing can freeze in the cold season. In this case, you will have to install new windows.

Insulation of the roof and ceiling of a wooden house

Many do not consider heat loss through the roof and ceiling significant. In fact, there are often gaps through which the log house simply heats the street. Also, the surface of the roof can heat up from poor thermal insulation of the ceiling. By getting rid of these losses, you can save up to 60% of heating costs.

Before you begin to insulate the upper part of the wooden house, you should seal the entire seam of the upper beam of the wall and the roof structure.

If the attic in the house is non-residential, it is very simple to insulate the ceiling with your own hands. To do this, a layer of thermal insulation of about forty centimeters is laid there. You need to understand that the insulation for the ceiling should be light. Typically, sawdust, polystyrene, mineral wool and other lightweight materials are used for this purpose.

If the ceiling is a roof vault, insulation is a little more difficult. To begin with, the entire surface of the roof from the inside must be covered with a layer of waterproofing so that moisture does not get on the insulation. Roof insulation is done in two ways:

1. Sheet insulation is laid tightly to each other. In this case, special attention should be paid to the absence of gaps between the sheets, because between them the heat will still go out.
2. Sheet insulation is laid from top to bottom with an overlap. This is done for additional protection against moisture, it will simply drain over the sheets of thermal insulation.

After that, it remains to ennoble the surface with decorative trim. For this purpose, lining is perfect.

Solving the cold floor problem

Home heating will not work efficiently if the house has cold floors. They cool the room and do not allow the air to warm up.

The wooden floor is insulated very simply, for this it is necessary to remove the floor upholstery. In order not to confuse the order in which the boards lay, it is better to mark them in advance. This will save a lot of time during assembly. Then the entire surface between the lags is covered with waterproofing so that the insulation does not pick up moisture from the soil.

The heat-insulating material is laid on it in such a way that there are no slightest cracks over the entire surface of the floor. Insulation is used by anyone who is not afraid of moisture. On top, you need to lay another layer of waterproofing, because when cleaning the premises, water can get there and accumulate inside. After that, the floor boards will need to be laid in the reverse order.

The cement floor is insulated in two ways. If the height of the premises allows, logs made of wooden beams are laid on the floor. Between them, a heater is laid, which is closed with waterproofing from above. Then the floor is upholstered with a board.

If the ceiling height does not allow you to raise the floor level, you need to remove cement screed and remove the backfill of the floor by about half a meter. After that, the pit is waterproofed and the insulation is filled up. Usually expanded clay is used for this. A layer of foam or other dense material is laid on top of it. A new screed is made on top.

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Features of external insulation

External insulation as opposed to internal way involves the preservation of the area of ​​the house space. It also contributes to the formation of condensate in the ventilated area. As a result, in winter, the log house does not lend itself to freezing, and in the summer season it does not rot.

But in order to achieve such an effect, the insulation of the facade of a wooden house requires compliance with the following rules:

• all work should be carried out in dry weather, when there is no dampness on the walls;
• thermal insulation is carried out on a clean repaired area that does not contain moss and moldy areas;
• use a vapor and waterproofing layer on both sides of the insulating material;
• how to insulate a wooden house is decided by the owner himself, but it is worth focusing on vapor-permeable products;
• arrange a ventilated space between the finishing and insulating elements.

Before starting the insulation of the walls, it is worth checking their surface for the presence of bark beetles, which can subsequently destroy the surface of a wooden house both outside and inside. Carrying out work on the insulation of an old dwelling, it is possible to obtain additional heat insulation. You can also give an old wooden house a new look and reduce heating costs.

Material Options

Saving heat inside the home and the duration of the operation of the house largely depend on the choice of material. The market for building materials and materials offers a wide range of products to insulate walls.

Expanded polystyrene (foam)

The use of such material on the outer walls of a wooden house is due to its advantages:

• strength;
• does not give in to rotting and influence of water;
• favors the preservation of heat, not reacting to temperature changes;
• ease of installation;
• incombustibility;
• long service life.

Insulation of the house with foam plastic also has several disadvantages:

• they can insulate dwellings from a bar when the walls are even, and the insulation of a log house is complicated due to the construction of a ventilated facade;
• high price of products;
• low permeability for air masses, which leads to the effect of a "greenhouse";
• rodents love it.

This material is better for floor insulation in a log cabin or attic floor. Water resistance does not imply the use of a waterproofing layer in this case. But there is an exception if you want to apply material for a wooden floor in a bathroom or kitchen.

A variety of expanded polystyrene is its sprayed form, which allows you to quickly insulate the desired surface. When using sprayed products, it is worth noting that after prolonged use they are difficult to separate from the surface of the walls.

Therefore, repairing the insulated area will not work. But such materials are used to keep warm in a house with an old floor. In this case, the material is applied without dismantling the floors. Moreover, the composition applied on top additionally strengthens the base.

Styrofoam

How to insulate a wooden house from the outside with polystyrene foam, if you want to preserve the property of wood to conduct air. In this case, this will not work. After all, this type of insulation is characterized by the absence of air transmission.

And also other negative consequences are possible if you want to insulate the facade of a wooden house with this material:

• increases the likelihood of fire due to the flammability of the foam elements;
• wall insulation from the outside can be carried out for a long time and of poor quality, since the foam does not have high strength;
• additional waterproofing of the insulating material will be required.

Styrofoam consists of small balls resistant to water. But between them there are gaps that can accumulate water. Subsequently, the water freezes and expands, causing the foam boards to crumble.

Therefore, it is better not to use polystyrene on the outside of the log structure. But with the help of it you can insulate the floor in a wooden house. More foam products are attached to attic floors wooden houses and other buildings.

Warming a wooden house with mineral wool is considered a popular way. This is justified by its advantages:

• the insulation scheme is easy to install;
• low cost;
• the ability to remove water vapor;
• duration of operation;
• does not deform under temperature changes;
• incombustibility.

When the owner decides to insulate an old wooden house, it is worth considering that mineral wool quickly absorbs moisture. This can lead to rapid decay of a building that is no longer new. Therefore, it is important to use waterproofing agents.

Mineral wool has several varieties: slag, stone, glass wool, ecowool. They differ technical specifications and manufacturing methods. But they are considered acceptable for thermal insulation of walls.

When installing mineral wool, work should be carried out using gloves and goggles, as the material causes irritation. Also, inhalation should be avoided.

The use of ecowool when insulating a wooden house from the outside, unlike other types of wadded material, helps to maintain thermal insulation when water enters. This is based on the property of ecowool to absorb moisture and then give it away.

In order to properly insulate with such a product, special installations should be used for uniform distribution. But this technology is expensive.

Thus, there is an answer to the question of what is the best way to insulate a wooden house. This is to apply mineral wool. After all, this material has good vapor permeability, has a small weight and allows the tree to "breathe".

The material is considered easy to install, since anyone can insulate a wooden house from the outside with the help of such a product. But before insulating a wooden house, you need to purchase insulation and prepare a structure from the outside for its location.

Warming technology

The procedure for wall insulation includes several stages. It is important to go through all the steps and follow the recommendations to obtain high-quality insulation. Indeed, in the future, the log house should retain heat for a long time.

Surface preparation

The use of mineral wool outside involves preliminary cleaning of the surface and cutting off protruding areas. The next step is to close holes, gaps, cracks with foam. After the applied foam has dried, remove the remnants of the product with a knife. After that, you need to treat the outer surface with special compounds. These are flame retardants and antiseptics.

When choosing special processing compounds, it is necessary to take into account the ability to penetrate deep into the structure of the tree. But at the same time, the composition should not cover the pores intended for the passage of air.

All preliminary preparation operations are carried out in dry weather.

Laying a vapor barrier

The vapor barrier layer is designed to self-regulate the microclimate of the tree and simultaneously protect it from water. How to properly lay this layer. The first step is to choose the right product.

The following vapor barrier products are sold on the market:

• isospan;
• polyethylene;
• ruberoid.

When choosing, it must be borne in mind that the product must pass air so that the tree does not succumb to decay. Therefore, it is better not to use polyethylene products.

It is possible to mount the vapor barrier material on top of the wall surface using stapler brackets. But in the presence of uneven surfaces, it is better to equip the crate on which the vapor barrier will be attached. And also the constructed structure creates a ventilation space. For the construction, slats with a minimum width of 2 cm are selected. The gap between the slats is 1 m.

After arranging the crate, a vapor barrier is laid, fixed with a stapler. The joints of the material are sealed with adhesive tape.

Material laying

Mineral wool is laid on the vapor barrier layer. But first, it is necessary to make a frame crate for it. Reiki is selected with a size of 40x100 mm. The basic rule of the frame is that the width of the groove formed should be less than the width of the plate used (approximately 15 mm).

When choosing metal slats or wooden bars, it is better to choose the latter. This is due to the fact that the wooden house is insulated. To fasten the frame, use nails to ensure the “walking” of the tree.

After arranging the frame, the stage of laying the cotton material begins:

• Mineral wool is available in the form of slabs or rolls. The rolled material is cut with a knife into the necessary elements.
• When laid on flat surfaces mineral wool on top does not need to be fixed. If the plates are mounted on sloping sections or recesses, then the material is fixed with anchor nails.
• Laying is done from the bottom up.
• When laying two layers of insulation, the second layer should be placed offset, avoiding overlapping joints.

In case of improper installation, the material can be easily dismantled.

Location of waterproofing

The waterproofing layer is designed to prevent moisture from entering the structure. For this, a special windproof membrane is selected. Usage polyethylene film impractical due to the fact that it will allow water to accumulate in the insulation.

Please note: waterproofing materials are laid in accordance with the instructions.

The membrane is attached with a stapler or nails. Docking areas are sealed with adhesive tape. A counter-lattice is superimposed on top of the membrane, which makes it possible to achieve air ventilation. The width between the waterproofing and the facade to be installed is at least 5 cm.

All work on the insulation of the material is completed by the installation of a facing coating. Mineral wool is suitable for outside insulation under siding, lining or brick. In the case of repairs, the removal and renewal of the material is easy.

Other insulation materials can be used on the basement or foundation, which is located above the ground.

Now many will know how to insulate the facade of the house. With a competent approach, the warmth of a wooden house will not come out, but will remain inside. Moreover, all the work can be done by hand.

heatplota.guru

Insulation of wooden walls from the inside and outside (differences)

The main difference between these two methods of insulation is, in fact, on which side of the load-bearing walls of a wooden house will insulation be carried out, and, as a result, how effective it will be in terms of retaining heat and benefits for the entire structure.

Owners and owners of wooden houses resort to insulation from the inside, who do not want to close the unique, beautiful facades of the building, made in original ways masonry, or facades of architectural value. Such insulation will not be noticeable from the outside, while the appearance of the building will not change.

The goal of outdoor insulation is maximum efficiency.. It involves the creation of an insulating structure on the outside of the load-bearing wooden walls and is more aimed at extending the life of the building, preserving all its important elements made of wood, protecting them from the destructive forces of nature and the surrounding weather conditions.

External wall insulation remains a fairly common phenomenon, often used in construction and repair. And this is confirmed by a number of advantages:

• all temperature fluctuations all the vagaries of the weather take on a layer of insulation and finishes, respectively, the service life of the wooden elements of the house is significantly increased;
• the ability to insulate a long-built house. Often, such houses are purchased ready-made in holiday villages along with plots, and it is financially difficult to immediately rebuild a new house .;
• the interior of the house remains intact, which is convenient in terms of living and organizing life;
• the opportunity to choose a new look for the house at the expense finishing facade

pie wall

In other words - composition and sequence of all elements of insulation. When insulating a wooden house from the inside, the so-called "pie" can be represented as follows:

• bearing wall;
• crate;
• insulation - mineral wool;
• vapor barrier film;
• finishing layer.

What heater to choose?

When choosing a heater for the walls of the house, first of all should be paid attention to the ability of the material to pass steam and air while keeping warm.

The severity of the climate of the region of residence should also be taken into account.

Of the materials for insulation can be distinguished:

• interventional heaters used at the construction stage;
• and heaters used for insulation from the outside or inside.

The interventional insulation is used in the laying of the interventional joints. Such heaters are synthetic and natural (from jute, moss, flax, hemp). The main property of these materials is low thermal conductivity and the ability to accumulate and release the resulting moisture. The most common today are linen and jute fiber insulation.

Basalt (mineral) wool is widely used to insulate walls from the outside or from the inside., or fiberglass wool in the form of rolls or mats, with a density of 80 -120 kg / m3. In addition, it is an environmentally friendly material.

It is not recommended to use polystyrene or polystyrene foam as an element of the pie, since these materials are vapor and moisture resistant and prevent air exchange between the house and the external environment.

Materials such as:

• mineral wool;
• Styrofoam;
• extruded polystyrene foam;
• penoplex;
• penofol;
• penoizol;
• polyurethane foam.

Sealing seams and joints of forming elements

This method is an internal wall insulation, aimed at sealing joints and cracks in logs. In this case, various sealants are used (silicone, latex, acrylic, linen rope, tow). This method is convenient in that it is easy to do with your own hands and does not require special skills, it does not prevent steam from escaping and is the most cost-effective.

Technically carried out as follows:

• the edges of joints and cracks are cleaned,
• cavities are filled with rope, foam rubber;
• a layer of sealant is applied on top;
• the sealant is smoothed with a brush until a smooth surface is formed;
• sealant residues are removed with a rag.

Sheathing preparation and installation

When installing the crate, it should be repelled from the thickness of the insulation. The thickness of the bars will be the same. The most commonly chosen beam 10-50 mm thick and 100 mm wide.

The crate is mounted transversely to the laying of logs with a step between the bars equal to the width of the heat-insulating mats with minus 3 centimeters for tight entry. The height of the crate is individual for individual rooms.

In parallel with the laying of logs, a crate is also similarly mounted (the so-called "counter-lattice"). For the installation of the crate, you should choose high-quality material without traces of decay. Before installation, all wooden parts and surfaces should be treated with an antiseptic.

Do-it-yourself wall insulation from the inside of a wooden house

Insulation of walls inside a wooden house with mineral wool. When using this method, glass wool, slag fiber, or mineral fiber mats are used.

Such material is the most effective in terms of thermal insulation and sound insulation, environmentally friendly. However, due to its structure, mineral wool allows steam to pass through and is able to accumulate water.

For this reason, when using it in insulation, layers of hydro- and vapor barriers are required.

Mineral wool is available to customers in the form of rolls and mats. When insulating, it is most convenient to use mats by simply inserting them between the profiles of the crate made. In this case, the gaps between the mats should be no more than 2 mm.. Such gaps are subsequently sealed with adhesive tape - best of all foil, or plumbing tape.

Step by step installation:

• the required number of mineral wool mats is prepared, based on the calculations of the quadrature of the walls of the premises;
• mineral wool is tightly inserted between the battens of the crate;
• top mats are cut to height;
• gaps and seams between mats are glued with mounting tape.

Some builders use polystyrene foam when insulating walls indoors. However, the main selection criterion in its favor is its low cost. From the point of view of efficiency, foam plastic does not have the property of passing steam, and the result of its use in the absence of the correct organization of vapor and waterproofing will be the so-called " the greenhouse effect » and the inevitable development of mold in rooms with similar walls.

Vapor barrier and waterproofing of walls

Warming of wooden houses begins with waterproofing. This is the layer of a special film closest to the load-bearing walls, the main task of which is to ensure air circulation and protection of the insulation layer from wetting and freezing, preventing its destruction and preserving the tree from the development of mold bacteria.

Waterproofing is one of the most important moments in wall insulation.

In the process of work, anti-condensate membranes, diffuse breathable films, polymeric multilayer films, and vapor barrier membranes are used. When waterproofing, it is important to maintain complete tightness. To do this, the film is overlapped, and nailed with a stapler and staples, and the seams are glued with mounting tape.

Fastening is similar to the installation of waterproofing.

Conclusion

Thus responsibly organized wall insulation log house can play a big role for the long and reliable operation of a wooden house. It will help reduce heat loss, as well as protect the load-bearing elements of the structure from all kinds of weather conditions.

However, the preparation of such an event should be approached responsibly. How well it will be carried out depends on the life of your home.

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Approach 1. Interventional insulation

caulking slots

Starting the installation of thermal insulation circuits, it is worth assessing the condition of the walls themselves. As a rule, both in new houses and in structures that have already been in operation, it becomes necessary to seal the interventional seams. It is through these seams that a significant part of the heat flows passes, therefore, by blocking them, we will significantly raise the temperature in the room.

An additional plus is the absence of drafts, which also greatly reduce the level of comfort inside the house.

The simplest and therefore the most common way to seal the gaps between the crowns of a log or timber is caulking with various fibrous materials. I will describe the features of these materials in the table below:

Tool for caulking	Application in thermal insulation works
Jute	The material is supplied in the form of jute cloth or cords of different diameters, designed specifically for filling gaps. The raw material has a vegetable nature, while it is distinguished by good moisture resistance, significant strength and durability. The hygroscopicity of jute fiber provides the most effective sealing of even fairly large cavities between the crowns. However, it must be borne in mind that the jute cord practically does not expand after being driven into the slot, therefore caulking should be carried out after the completion of the shrinkage of the log house.
Moss	Raw material traditionally used for caulking wooden buildings. It provides significant hygroscopicity and excellent thermal insulation, but it is rather troublesome to use. In addition, finding high-quality moss in large volumes is also not an easy task.
Tape insulation	A linen or wadding based material that is commonly used for caulking under cladding. In terms of strength and moisture resistance, it is inferior to jute, but its price is several times lower. Most often, heat-insulating tapes are used for laying between the crowns directly during the assembly of the log house, but they can also be used for additional sealing.

The caulking process itself is simple. Below I will tell you how to caulk the gaps between the logs with your own hands:

1. We clean the gaps between the crowns from dust and debris.
2. If necessary (if signs of damage by fungi or bacteria are found), we treat the tree with antiseptic impregnation.
3. We put material for sealing in the gap.
4. We take a caulk - a metal or wooden spatula - and with the help of a hammer or mallet we hammer the material into the slot.

1. We repeat the operations until the gap is filled, and the tool begins to spring and bounce off the material.
2. After some time (we will give the bars time for a slight shrinkage), carefully cut off the excess material.

As you can see, there is nothing complicated, but I must immediately warn you - this is not a quick matter. Especially if you caulk the walls of a large house alone.

Warm seam

An alternative to caulking is the technology of the so-called warm seam. At one time, choosing the best way to finish a wall, the lining of which was not planned, I settled on this option. The advantages of this technique can be considered not only the neat appearance of the wall after processing (indeed, the log house looks much more attractive), but also the preservation of vapor permeability, which is not always obtained with standard methods of insulation.

To equip a warm seam, it is necessary to purchase a length of sealing cord sufficient to process all the crowns. Cords can be used different:

• acrylic;
• latex;
• polyethylene foam;
• butyl rubber;
• linen;
• jute, etc.

In addition, to fill the gap, you will definitely need a sealant, which is more convenient to apply with a special gun.

The arrangement of warm seams inside with your own hands is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. All gaps between the crowns are carefully cleaned, and deep cracks in the logs are embroidered to prevent spreading.
2. Then, a sealing cord is laid into each cavity to a depth of 20-30 mm. Since elastic materials are used, the cord is fixed in the gap due to its own elasticity, without additional fixation.
3. A layer of sealant is applied over the cord, which fills the gap to the front surface of the wall. If necessary, the sealant is smoothed down with a joint soaked in water, and its excess is removed from the surface with a wet rag.

After polymerization, the sealant with the cord forms a protective contour that effectively retains heat and prevents blowing, but at the same time maintains vapor permeability. Due to this, natural ventilation of the room and maintenance of optimal humidity conditions are provided.

Both caulking and arranging a warm seam can be used even when internal insulation a cut is not planned. At the same time, these methods do not provide maximum energy savings, therefore, if you really want to save on heating and ensure that it will not be cold in a wooden house in winter, then you should think about installing an additional heat-insulating circuit.

Approach 2. Thermal insulation on the frame

Lathing installation

In this section, I will tell you how to properly insulate a wooden house from the inside. If you understand how the heat-insulating circuit works, then there should be no problems, but still, before starting work, it is worth studying the optimal algorithm.

We start traditionally - with surface preparation and installation of a frame for insulation:

1. If the thermal insulation of the old house is being performed, then the walls must be cleaned of the remnants of the finish. Both wallpaper and dilapidated lining under a layer of insulation will not save us a single extra degree, but they will serve as an excellent substrate for the development of bacteria and fungi.
2. After that, we impregnate the walls with a deep penetration antiseptic. It’s clear why: it will be warm and relatively humid under the skin, so if we don’t take care of comprehensive biosecurity, then the appearance of fungi will become a matter of time. And for a very short time.

Since we have taken up the impregnation of the walls, at the same time we can treat them with flame retardants. Of course, reducing the combustibility of wood will not protect us from fire by 100%, but this is exactly the situation when slowing down combustion for a few minutes can be decisive.

1. The next step is the installation of the membrane. Its main task is to protect the heat-insulating material from moisture in contact with wood. An important aspect: polyethylene cannot be used here, since it completely blocks the exit of water vapor through the wall to the outside, so either we take a diffuse membrane with a good vapor permeability index, or we refuse this layer altogether and hope that we have sealed the gaps between the crowns well.

1. Next is the crate. It can also be made from a metal profile, but I prefer to work with wood. Bars with a cross section of 30x30 to 50x50 mm are installed either directly on the wall or on steel brackets, forming a gap, the thickness of which corresponds to the thickness of the insulation.
2. Under the base of each metal bracket, it is worth laying either a piece of roofing material or a paronite gasket - in order to avoid the formation of a cold bridge.

Installation of insulation and cladding

The next step is the installation of thermal insulation material. Many use foam to save money, but it seems to me that the game is not worth the candle. Yes, we will save a significant part of the heat with this material, but due to the low (almost zero) vapor permeability, the natural ventilation of the walls will be disturbed. As a result, the humidity in the room will increase, and in order to normalize it, we will have to ventilate the rooms more often, losing the stored heat.

Therefore, before insulating a wooden house with my own hands from the inside, I considered two options - mineral wool and ecowool (loose cellulose insulation). I settled on mineral wool, which I mounted in this way:

1. Panels of material installed in the cells of the crate. I initially made the frame for the insulation in accordance with the dimensions of the mineral wool boards, so I almost did not have to spend time and effort on trimming.

1. A vapor barrier membrane was fixed on top of the mineral wool layer. Both glassine and polyethylene can be used here, but I prefer membrane materials.
2. Then I installed a counter-lattice of 20x40 mm rails. I attached the bars of the counter-lattice to the supporting elements of the frame in such a way that there was an air gap of 30-50 mm between the insulation and the skin for ventilation.

1. Laid hidden wiring in the ventilation gap. At the same time, all the wires were packed in a metal hose with a wall thickness that completely eliminates burnout.

Do not use standard plastic corrugation - the risk of fire is too great.

1. I used pine lining as a cladding, but you can use a blockhouse, a false beam, and even materials based on MDF.
2. In principle, the instruction also allows the sheathing of an insulated log wall with drywall, followed by puttying and finishing, but I don’t like this option. And really, why bother with the construction of a wooden house in order to get a result after all the work that can be reproduced in a typical panel high-rise building?

Ecowool is a good alternative to mineral fiber insulation, but I was stopped by the fact that it is necessary to involve specialists with sophisticated equipment to perform thermal insulation work. However, the money would have come out about the same. So this option is definitely worth considering:

1. For insulation with ecowool, we sheathe the frame with plywood about 10 - 15 mm thick.
2. We leave holes in the plywood sheathing for filling heat-insulating material.

1. The hose from the compressor with cellulose fiber is inserted into the hole in the casing, after which the insulation under pressure enters the closed cavity.
2. Filling is carried out in layers to avoid the formation of air pockets that reduce the effectiveness of insulation.

Underground space as a separate area

The internal thermal insulation of a wooden house also includes the insulation of the underground space. To the question of whether it is possible not to insulate the floor, I would give a positive answer only in one case: if there is a basement with high-quality thermal insulation below. In all other cases, and especially if the floor is laid on the ground, you cannot do without an additional contour.

The general algorithm is:

1. We carefully compact the soil under the floor, after which we fill up a layer of gravel or a sand-gravel mixture up to 30 cm thick.
2. On top of the gravel we form a bed of expanded clay: the thicker the layer, the better.

1. Instead of expanded clay, you can use slab heat-insulating materials - polystyrene foam or mineral wool. To lay them from below, we attach a plywood hemming layer to the lags, on which we place the insulation.
2. We lay a waterproofing material on top of the insulated layer: foil film, glassine, paronite, etc. waterproofing should cover all logs, leaving only 5-10 cm free from each edge for moisture vapor to escape from the wood.

1. From above we lay a rough flooring from boards or thick plywood. There should also be an air gap between the flooring and the insulation for natural ventilation.

Reference materials for budgeting

As you can see from the description, we have a fairly large-scale project ahead of us. That is why it is worth approaching it with all responsibility, and most importantly, drawing up a fairly detailed budget.

The reference materials given in the table will help you with this:

Material	unit of measurement	Average cost, rubles
Mineral wool ISOVER 1200x600x100 mm	pack of 4	1400 -1700
Insulation ROCKWOOL 800x600x50 mm	pack of 4	650 — 800
Jute seal 10 cm	m.	8 — 10
Butyl rubber cord 8 mm	m.	12 -16
Warm Seam Sealant	3 kg	1400 -1600
Moss for caulking	bag 10 kg	300 — 450
Windproof membrane for walls ROCKWOOL	70 m2	1500 — 1700
Vapor barrier film	70 m2	670 — 750
Bituminous mastic	20 kg	350 — 500
Universal antiseptic	5 l	450 — 600
Fire bioprotective composition Woodmaster KSD	10 l	550 — 600
Impregnation Pinotex Impra	10 l	4800 -5200
Polyfoam PSB-S 25, 1000x1000x50 mm	sheet	170 – 220
Expanded polystyrene sheet, 1250x600x50 mm	sheet	180 – 220
Wooden beam for the frame, 6 m	PCS.	90 – 180
Larch block house, 22x90 mm	1 m2	650 — 1200
Clapboard for wall cladding	1 m2	250 – 400
Drywall moisture resistant	sheet	300 — 450

Wooden buildings retain heat well. But if in a warm climate the natural properties of wood are sufficient to maintain comfortable conditions in the house, then in regions with low winter temperatures the house must be additionally insulated. Installation of a heat insulator is carried out on walls, floors, ceilings - if any surface is left uncoated, the insulation of a wooden house from the inside will be less effective. It would be best to do the insulation even during construction - it is much more difficult to carry out work in a habitable room

Source www.remontnik.ru

When installing the insulation, a gap must be left between it and the finish for air circulation. This helps to prevent the accumulation of moisture in the rooms, the appearance of mold and mildew.

How wooden houses are insulated inside

Most often, houses made of timber are insulated inside various types construction wool - basalt (mineral), fiberglass and others. These are light and available materials, environmentally friendly. The industry produces rolled and block types of cotton wool.

Basalt wool retains heat well, but lets air through. Thanks to this quality, fungus and mold do not appear in the rooms.

Source fasad.guru

glass wool absorbs a lot of moisture, so in order to avoid condensation, an additional layer of waterproofing is made for it. A big disadvantage of glass wool is its complex structure. The material is saturated with a large amount of glass microparticles (hence the name). When working with cotton, they get into the respiratory organs, on clothes. For safe work glass wool requires special clothing and a respirator.

All types of wool are easy to install. To install a heat insulator from such a material, high qualifications are not required. Roll types of cotton wool have high plasticity, but they are less dense than block ones. When working with roll materials, you can cut off the required amount of insulator. Tiled ones are made of the same size, therefore, during installation, the battens take into account the size of the pieces.

Source building.lv

Insulation of wooden walls is also carried out with polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene.

Styrofoam popular due to its low cost. In addition, it is easy to work with and retains heat well. It is a good sound insulator. The disadvantage is the release of toxic substances during combustion.

Video description

We will dwell in more detail on the insulation of the house with foam plastic. Find out how safe polystyrene foam is in our video:

Preparatory work

How to properly insulate the walls of a wooden house from the inside, largely depends on the right materials. If this issue is resolved, then you can proceed to the preparatory work, which consists in preparing the surface and making the crate.

For reference! When preparing the surface, it is required to close the gaps that may have appeared between the bars or logs. To do this, you will need additional materials: tow, felt or polyurethane foam.

Wooden blocks are most often used as crates. Rarely mount a metal crate. The metal for the crate must be coated with an anti-corrosion compound.

Source uk.aviarydecor.com

Preparation of wooden surfaces

For high-quality application of the insulator, the surface is prepared for coating with insulation. Tow/felt/foam is placed in the slots. After the gap is completely closed, the foam has dried and its excess is removed, putty is applied to the wall. The putty layer is carefully leveled. The wood is coated with a special composition that protects against mold and fungus damage. All wooden surfaces are treated with a fire-fighting compound before installing the insulation.

On our website you can get acquainted with the most popular projects of wooden houses from construction companies presented at the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Basalt wool insulation technology

After the walls (ceiling) have dried after processing, proceed with the installation of insulation.

Stages of work when insulating walls with basalt wool:

Determine extreme elements crates. They are carefully checked using a level and a plumb line, since further installation work depends on their position.

Fix the first vertical bar with screws and dowels.

At a distance of 1 m, fix the following vertical slats and so on, until the entire surface is covered with a crate. For the installation of rolled wool, the installation of the crate at this stage ends.

If there is on the wall windows or doorways, separate bars are installed along their perimeter.

Source 51unlim.ru

For installation lumpy heat insulator make a grid of battens with horizontal elements. On the resulting vertical grid, horizontal strips are stuffed at an equal distance. The distance between the bars should correspond to the dimensions of the insulation. The result was a grid for the installation of thermal insulation.

In the cavity between the fixed strips are placed cotton wool. When installing the heat insulator on the walls, do not use glue or other means for fixing. If the crate is done correctly, then the cotton wool will fit snugly against the surface, but you must remember about the ventilation gap. If the ceiling is insulated, then the insulation will have to be fixed.

Any cotton has a porous structure, so it accumulates moisture. Therefore, when insulating a wooden house with cotton wool, it must be covered with a vapor barrier. When installing the roll material, cut off the required length and fix it on the wall. Before starting work, you should calculate how much material is needed to insulate a wooden house. Add 10% to the resulting number.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer home insulation services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Installation of foam

Styrofoam is rarely used as a heater. Despite the fact that the material has low thermal conductivity and retains heat well with a small thickness, it is considered an economical option.

Video description

For some thoughts on the use of foam and polystyrene foam, see the video:

In particular, there are many claims about the release of toxins during combustion, plus, it is believed that the foam plastic evaporates harmful substances into the air even at normal temperatures.

The material does not pass steam well and in a room without good ventilation, moisture will constantly accumulate.

Relatively easy installation can be attributed to the advantages of the material, which means that high qualifications are not required from the workers, and the cost of work will be lower.

Styrofoam is available in slabs of various sizes and thicknesses Source on-woman.com

Stages of work on the installation of foam:

On a pre-prepared surface install the crate with a plank step equal to the size of the foam boards. Begin installation with load-bearing walls.

Between the bars lay the foam while maintaining the ventilation gap.

On top of the insulation is fixed membrane film. If it is possible to use other materials for other insulators, a special film with membranes is chosen for the foam. It will allow you to maintain a normal microclimate in the room.

Completing the installation of insulation finishing works.

Floor insulation

The concrete floor must be insulated. The wooden one is covered with a heat insulator as desired, but after insulation, the room will be much warmer.

Source daewoocenter.ru

In wooden houses, insulation is laid on a rough coating, and a finishing floor is already mounted on top.

As a vapor barrier, a film with a membrane, polyethylene is used. Insulation using roofing is popular among the people. This material has been known for a long time, it is cheap, well protected from moisture, durable.

Mineral wool is used as a floor insulation. It is cheap, easy to install, durable, has good heat and sound insulation properties. Moreover, there is an increasing use of relatively new material- expanded polystyrene, which is gradually replacing cotton wool from the building materials market.

The sequence of actions when installing insulation on the floor of a wooden house.

Levels out surface for insulation.

Is being laid waterproofer/ vapor barrier, the task of which is to prevent moisture from entering the insulation from outside. In regions with wet soil, this stage should be given special attention.

Install lags. The thickness of the log must be at least 5 cm. The distance from the wall is 30 cm. The distance between the bars is 50 cm.

Between the lags are laid insulation. The presence of voids between individual pieces of heat insulator is not allowed.

Lay on top of the insulation vapor barrier film.

After the formation of all layers, lay finishing floor.

Video description

How the insulation is installed on the walls of a wooden house from the inside, see the video:

vapor barrier

If there is a need to install a vapor barrier, it is better to use a special film with a membrane.

It will allow the walls to pass air normally, and after installation, condensate will not accumulate inside the “pie”. To install a vapor barrier, a film or polyethylene is applied to the insulation. An allowance is made along the edges.

Source kedrovdom.ru

Elimination of heat losses

The weakest points in terms of cold penetration are the joints. There should be no gaps between the individual pieces of insulation. Insulating material is laid tightly to the crate. For floor insulation important point is the connection with the walls. In these places, the insulation is laid with a slight overlap on the walls and fixed.

When applying a vapor barrier, make sure that each layer of material is superimposed on the previous one with a slight overlap.

Insulating material is applied directly between the wooden beams before insulating the walls of a wooden house from the inside. For this, long-known materials are used - tow, linen rope, linen. It is possible to fill the joints of the bars with modern sealants - latex, acrylic, rubber.

Still, to reduce heat loss in a wooden house, the “warm seam” method is used.

Conclusion

Despite the fact that it was previously believed that a wooden house should be insulated exclusively from the outside, modern materials allow high-quality insulation of the building from the inside. With such insulation, the external design is not violated and it will not be necessary to carry out work at height if the house is two-story or with an attic. The main thing is to choose the right material for insulation and entrust the work to professionals who know all the additional nuances. For example, they can calculate where the dew point will be after insulation so that condensate does not form right inside the wall.

Reconstruction of the old country house- this is not only: the replacement of floors and ceilings with insulation, the installation of new modern windows and doors is, first of all, the alteration and restructuring of the structure with the possible replacement of load-bearing structural elements.
If it is necessary to increase the area of ​​​​the house, you can build on the second or attic floor for additional bedrooms, make an extension to the house by placing a toilet and a bathroom there.
This is a good opportunity to make a new and convenient layout rooms in the house. I have been to over a hundred houses, small and large, expensive and cheap, and most of them did not have a good - comfortable interior layout.
For example - “You bought yourself new shoes, but it’s uncomfortable and uncomfortable for you to walk in it, it’s big or small or tight for you. No matter how fashionable and beautiful it is, it will be extremely inconvenient for you to use it. Each time, rubbing your legs, you are unlikely to think about her beauty, there will be only irritation and disappointment about the money spent. Comfort and convenience above all!

Bedroom decoration

The central design element around which the composition of the room is assembled is a large wooden or wrought iron bed with a natural mattress ( perfect option- downy feather bed) and a large number of pillows of different sizes. For textile products linen or coarse calico should be preferred pastel shades with a small pattern or without it. Small rugs or rag rugs are placed on the floor.

It is better to choose bedside tables, cabinets, chairs, a massive chest of drawers or a chest of impressive size, decorated with carvings. The most important condition is good lighting, preferably natural, so there should be many windows in the room.

A wooden wall will keep warm in the most severe frosts

Wooden walls look very nice

Creating a rural style is an exciting process in which you can show all your creativity. Any skill will do. The ability to sew, knit and embroider will help you create designer napkins, tablecloths and curtains. Having learned the technique of wood carving, you can make unique pieces of furniture and decor even from old things. Handmade accessories in this design are more relevant than in any other stylistic direction. Show your imagination, remember your childhood hobbies, and as a result you will get a village house that fully reflects your personality.

The interior of a country estate in the style of Provence

Another name for the style is “French country”, such interiors are great for people who are tired of the bustle of the city and dream of immersing themselves in the atmosphere of a leisurely rural life. The walls, most often, are whitewashed or painted with white paint, decorated with paintings and natural or artificial flowers. All textile accessories should be made of bright fabrics with floral patterns. Exquisite, thin forged elements are actively used. The floor should be made plank and painted in a light color or decorated with stone tiles.

A distinctive feature is big windows, not characteristic of other similar styles due to the peculiarities of climatic conditions. For the same reason, in most of Russia, such a solution is not recommended, since the building will cool too much in winter.

Home decor can be decorated with beautiful curtains

A wooden house will last a very long time

Foundation reconstruction

When a wooden house is repaired, the reconstruction of the foundation depends on how damaged it is. If the foundation crumbled only in a few places, they take up the restoration of the old one. But it often happens that wooden houses settle, growing into the ground. In this case, they must be completely replaced.

Raising the foundation of an old house

When repairing a wooden house with your own hands, difficulties arise when replacing the foundation. Doing all the work yourself is very problematic. It is better to hire a small construction team that will deftly and relatively quickly cope with all tasks. To do this, the lower crowns of the house are raised with a jack to a height of about half a meter. Fix in this position.

When choosing a new foundation, it is worth stopping your choice on a columnar or columnar-tape. It is most suitable in this situation, you do not need to disassemble the floor. Formwork is made, which is reinforced with metal rods. It is filled with concrete. When the concrete hardens, the surface of the foundation is covered with waterproofing. A house box is placed on the foundation.

Tips from experienced builders on how to repair wooden houses:

1. If the house stands on a brick or reinforced concrete foundation, it can be strengthened with anchor rods.
2. The point foundation is strengthened by filling the gaps between its parts. Thanks to this, it becomes monolithic, its reliability and strength are ensured.
3. Reinforcing the foundation helps to evenly distribute the load on it. It will decrease several times if reinforced concrete or metal beams are installed at the basement level. They put the box at home.

Further repair of a wooden house is not difficult.

Be sure to read the data sheet at home

Information about the house is indicated in its technical passport. This document must be read. In it you can find information about the owners and all the technical data: a home ownership plan indicating its size and all related buildings; building plan with the areas of the rooms, indicating the load-bearing structures, the material and thickness of the walls, the composition of the floors, the height of the ceilings, etc., as well as the year of construction and reconstruction. If the house was previously reconstructed, and the new data was not entered into the registration certificate, then it should be taken into account that this will create problems when making a purchase for the property.

(⇑) An adobe house lined with bricks (pictured) can be passed off as a more expensive and reliable brick one. Be careful and attentive - do not let you be deceived.

A set of tools for checking the condition of the house

Going to inspect the house, you should take a flashlight, a screwdriver or an awl, a knife, and a camera with you. Disadvantages are sure to be found, as they are inevitable as a result of long-term operation of the building

But it is important to determine how serious they are. Then the cost of repairs, the resource of the house and the adequacy of the price to quality will become clear.

The most favorable time of the year for viewing is from April to November, when there is no snow hiding the flaws of the facade and the surrounding area. Early spring and late autumn are preferable, as you can see how warm the house is, whether the walls are blocking, whether there is water in the basement, whether the roof is leaking. Photos will allow you to calmly think about what you saw again.

(⇑) The presence of dust indicates that insects are sharpening the tree - such structures need to be checked more carefully, as this threatens with serious consequences.

Features of the interior of a village house inside

Village houses differ, depending on what territorial area they are located in and what culture they belong to. For example, the decoration of a village house in the Siberian hinterland will differ significantly from the hut of the inhabitants of southern Russia.

And a traditional Japanese house is incomparable to the provincial style of a French village.

The unifying moments of all the houses of rural residents are the naturalness of materials, the simplicity of finishing and household items and decor made by hand. Most often, objects of arts and crafts were used, since any thing, even the most exquisite, for example, a knitted tablecloth or embroidered towels, had quite a practical application.

In Russian village houses that were located in the forest area, the house itself, furniture: beds, tables, benches and chests were made of strong durable wood.

In mountainous areas, in the construction of the house and in the interior, solidity was emphasized with the help of stone.

Rustic kitchen interior

When finishing and decorating, it must be taken into account that in the past the kitchen was the central place in which most family events took place. The rest of the rooms were for sleeping.

Therefore, when designing, close attention should be paid to the space of the kitchen.

If the size of the room allows, place a wooden nook and a dining table made of the same material.

The kitchen needs to be made light: whitewash the ceiling with lime or water-based paint, paste over the walls with plain light wallpaper (a floral ornament is possible), it is recommended to lay rugs on the floor. To decorate the room, use herbariums or straw figurines; napkins, curtains and potholders made of natural fabrics, hand embroidery will be a wonderful touch.

The bedroom should be bright

In the house you can make a fireplace and bask while sitting in the living room

When is a refurbishment needed?

The following signs indicate the need for reconstruction (full or partial):

• Foundation. The base cracks or begins to collapse (and water, which regularly enters the cracks, will completely destroy it in a couple of years). If the foundation sags, a caulk (seal) may fall out or the seams between the crowns begin to open, cracks form. The porch can change position, the front doors begin to overwrite the floor, the windows open with difficulty. All these signs indicate that the house has an angle of inclination, which can only be straightened overhaul.
• Wood condition. Appearance a wooden wall does not always indicate the magnitude of the problem. It is important to assess the condition of not only the upper layers of logs (beams), but also their inner part.
• Roof. Almost always in old houses, the roof is a source of problems - leaks and dampness in living quarters. Rafters and floor beams rot and are damaged by fungus or insects.
• Walls. Often the lower crowns rot, the rest of the wood becomes a breeding ground for mold and woodworm.

Bottom rims need to be replaced

Russian country style

The historically established characteristic feature of the direction is the active use of wooden materials. The walls, ceiling and floor are sheathed with boards, the furniture is made of the same material. Chests with traditional ornaments are often used. IN modern version style, rafters and beam ceilings are required.

An indispensable element is a Russian stove or a stylization of it, tiled stoves are often made, which in the past were characteristic of the design of palaces and castles, but harmoniously fit into a village house. To decorate the room, you can use towels, knitted toys, rag dolls, potholders (preferably handmade).

A fireplace in the house would be a great idea

The wooden house looks very practical

A small house can be made into a living room

A village house made of wood is designed for the life of a person engaged in agriculture. Therefore, its main purpose is to create comfort and coziness in an uncomplicated way. Furniture for storing things and utensils should be roomy, without decorative excesses, not involving polishing and painting.

Textiles for curtains and table linen should be in bright colors and set off the inconspicuousness of the walls. Beds and linens are basic but sturdy.

A mandatory attribute of a village house should be a chest, better not a “remake”, but one that served faithfully to the ancestors.

Patchwork dolls, rugs made from the remnants of fabric, knitted lampshades, hemlock curtains, lace valances and even embroidered carpets will find their rightful place in a village house.

Consider the standard service life

When choosing a house, it should be borne in mind that each type of building has normative term operation. It depends on the quality of the supporting structures:

A building made of stone materials (brick, foam blocks, limestone, shell rock) - 100-150 years. At the same time, in such houses, the standard service life of floors on wooden beams is 60 years.

Wooden, frame, frame-panel buildings, adobe houses, mud huts - 15-50 years, depending on the quality of the material, the type of foundation.

Systematic repairs lead to an increase in the life of the building. If the house is not used, then it collapses much faster than with constant operation.

(⇑) If the old hut has a wooden foundation, be sure to check if it is rotten.

Pay attention to the condition of the roof

When buying an old house, it is important to examine the condition of the roof - rafters, battens and roofing. Check if they are well preserved wooden structures and are they reliable enough for the installation of insulation

If there is already any insulation, it is important to make sure that a waterproofing film has been used - otherwise, everything will have to be removed and reinstalled using hydro (ideally a membrane) and vapor barrier. The thickness of the insulation should be at least 20-25 centimeters.

When arranging lighting using roof windows, the decisive factor is the step between the rafters: the window should be slightly smaller in size to fit into this opening. In extreme cases, the technology of cutting and strengthening the rafters is used, but it is quite labor-intensive and not cheap. Since ventilation is especially important for the attic, you should make sure that it is possible to install it or, if it already exists, that it is in good condition.

G). Roof defects are more often found at the joints of material elements at the points of attachment to the crate. e). Damp floors indicate poor ventilation of the underground and leakage of the foundation.

Advantages of wooden houses

A wooden house is a living organism, with a unique atmosphere, designed for more than one generation. The wooden house is warm in winter and cool in summer. It maintains a certain level of humidity, because the tree allows it to "breathe". Owners of wood smoke inhale the medicinal air filled with phytoncides that the tree releases.

• Living warmth of the village hearth

In all village houses there was a hearth with a real fire, it was vital for heating the dwelling and for cooking. There were different sources of heat, but the main ones were and remain relevant today are the stove and fireplace.

• Russian stove

The Russian stove returns to the space of country houses and serves its intended purpose and as an element decorative design. No worthy replacement has been found for this device, characteristic of Russian culture.

• Fireplace

Fireplace - a hearth with an open fire that serves to heat the room and attracts with the possibility of admiring the flame is often an accent in modern houses. There are many shapes and designs of this device that can decorate the house and create an atmosphere of warmth.

How to decorate a village house with your own hands

You can start filling a village house by bringing household items left over from grandparents: a poker, lids, clocks with clocks, wicker baskets or a spinning wheel.

Only a person trained in carpentry can make furniture. If there is no such skill, you can start restoring old furniture.

Textiles for the whole house can be sewn independently even on a mechanical sewing machine: curtains, tablecloths, pot holders and even bed linen.

On long winter evenings, gathering in front of a living hearth, you can crochet napkins, embroider tablecloths using the Richelieu technique, sew patchwork quilts or knit colorful rugs.

In the summer, harvest dried flowers and make bouquets filled with solar energy from them.

You can paint the furniture yourself using a stencil or decoupage technique.

In a village house, compositions made from natural materials will be appropriate as decorative elements for decorating hangers, beds, stairs.

In order to return to your roots and educate children in the spirit of their ancestors, you can create or recreate the interior of a village house. To enjoy the simplicity of the interior and human relations, to see the big in the small and to be able to appreciate this little.

Housing should not harm your health

You should avoid buying a country house whose walls are made of sleepers and then plastered with clay. Such structures will always emit creosote vapors (wooden sleepers impregnated with creosote serve for 30 years before rotting, and the impregnation remains in the walls for 100 years). As a rule, with well-plastered walls, this smell is imperceptible, but harmful vapors are present in the room and are detrimental to the health of residents.

Sometimes houses were built "in two halves", one of which was used as a barn for livestock. If in the future this room was turned into a residential one, then when it is heated, an ineradicable fetid smell arises. Walls made of monolithic cinder concrete or cinder blocks will not add health either. Harmful gases from coal slag will always be released.

but). A structure that has been flooded with water for years will not be strong. b). If it is clear that the crack has been repaired and reappeared, it is clearly a danger.

Wooden house

Since ancient times, log huts have been built in Russia. Our ancestors believed that this is the most suitable building material for the house. This is explained quite simply - wood is a unique natural material that is able to pass air and perfectly retain heat indoors. An indisputable fact is that houses built of wood have a kind of energy that persists for a long time and has a beneficial effect on human health.

A wooden house, unlike a concrete or stone structure, is a kind of living organism that is able to independently tell the owners about its condition. The fact that he needs restoration, the old wooden house will let you know through various crackles and creaks, which the owners should learn to listen to. Most often, problems arise due to the characteristics of wood: it is prone to decay and is very sensitive to temperature fluctuations and moisture. However, even the oldest can be restored with your own hands.

Most often, in such buildings, the porch, the base of the house, the roof, and the front door come into a dilapidated state. Before proceeding with the restoration and repair of old wooden houses, it is necessary to carefully inspect all structures, identify places that require repair, and determine the scope of future restoration work.

Overhaul of a wooden roof

A distinctive feature of each wooden house is the roof, which is made under a certain slope. It can be of several types: gable, tent, in the event that it is equipped with an attic, attic. When carrying out a major renovation of the house, these features should be taken into account

What is the first thing you should pay attention to when covering the roof? To ensure that the tree is dry, otherwise it may be displaced after the completion of the repair work. It is necessary to erect extreme rafters, and install intermediate between them

In order for the roof to be even and as stable as possible in the future, it is necessary that all the upper parts of the rafters be located strictly on the same level. Increasingly, roofs are covered with ondulin, soft tiles or other modern materials, but first remove the old coating.

The roof is mounted only after the installation and fixing of the rafters with special ties. Please note: the distance between the installed rafters should not be more than 60 cm.

Building coloring

After all the completed activities, you should start painting the house. Here it is necessary to observe several nuances. This procedure involves the application of several different means - tinting, varnish, azure. All of them will retain an interesting texture of natural wood.

Please note: the ends of the logs cannot be subjected to either protective or decorative processing. It is in this place that a kind of capillaries of the tree are concentrated, with the help of which it "breathes"

If this condition is not met, then normal air circulation will be disturbed. In view of the fact that the processing process will seal them, soon the timber or log will undergo a rotting process.

You can learn how to sheathe a house with facade panels from the video presented.

Repair stages

Renovation of an old wooden house is carried out in several stages:

• replacement or repair foundation;
• repair roofs;
• replacement communications;
• installation of new doors and windows;
• styling gender;
• finishing walls outside;
• replacement plumbing fixtures;
• repair premises.

Each stage needs to be thought out carefully so as not to make extra costs and not spoil what is already there.

Foundation reconstruction

The type of reconstruction is chosen depending on how old the wooden house is. In the event that the foundation has worn out in only a few places, it is possible to repair it without building a new foundation. The base may be worn to such an extent that it will need to be replaced. For residential buildings used three types of foundation:

• concrete tape;
• concrete slab monolithic;
• pile screw.

For residential buildings, a columnar foundation is not applicable.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer foundation repair services. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

What can be done with the base should be determined by a specialist.

Most often, the process of replacing or repairing the foundation itself is as follows: the box of the house is lifted, the foundation is repaired or replaced, the building is returned to its place.

The foundation should be strengthened, as the load on it will increase. The nuances of work:

• Brick or reinforced concrete base stands strengthen through anchor rods.
• To strengthen the point foundation, you need to free space pour a special solution. Due to this, it will become monolithic. It will be stronger and more reliable.
• Another way to distribute the load on the foundation - reinforcement. To reduce the load on the base of the house, metal or reinforced concrete beams are mounted in the basement.

Often, the reconstruction of the house begins with the foundation.

Sometimes, in order to strengthen the old foundation, just one brickwork. After the repair of the base, its waterproofing is required.

Roof repair

A solid roof is the key to a warm home. Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the material with which the roof will be covered. Its choice depends on the type of roof. It can be flat or sloped. Residential buildings are rarely covered flat roof, since the pitched type of roof allows you to equip the attic. It is used as a utility room. In addition, the attic contributes to the ventilation of the house. If you plan to use the attic for household needs, then it is better to make a broken or gable roof. If the house is one-story, then it is preferable to build high roof. It will give the house a solid look. In addition, the impressive height increases the operational properties of the roof. During precipitation, moisture will not linger on the slope.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".

Roof repair steps:

1. Withdrawal old roofing and rafters
2. Replacement rotten structural elements
3. Treatment wooden elements with insect repellent (if necessary)
4. Mounting new coating

Roof replacement needs to be taken seriously.

The attic space will not be wet if the roof is thermally and waterproofed. To do this, you need to do the following types of jobs:

1. Between rafters and covering fit mineral wool or foam.
2. Performed lining. For this fit lining.
3. A double layer of polystyrene foam is laid on the attic floor
   

   It is important that its joints do not overlap each other.
   .

4. Expanded clay is poured backfill. Its layer should be 200 mm.

A few tips to improve roof performance:

• Gutters should be installed when roofing is being replaced.
  

  It is worth paying attention that they should be located at a distance of 2-3 m from the foundation. Otherwise, rainwater will flood the base, which will negatively affect its condition.

• If a bug or traces of its vital activity was found in the beam on the roof, then this part must be replace. It is sawn out, and a new log is installed in its place.

In some cases, roof frame replacement is required. All roof repairs are carried out in dry, warm weather.

The roof frame also needs updating.

Replacement of communications

Communications are an integral part of any home. During a major overhaul in a wooden house, all communications must be replaced:

• Electricity grid. Old wires are dismantled. Replaced with new wiring. It is closed with special tubes or boxes.
• Plumbing pipes. It is better to give preference to plastic structures.

Tidying up steps

Restoring an old building is a rather troublesome business, but a pleasant one.

It is necessary to pay attention to the protective and bearing, and only then the decorative part. The first thing to do is to test for strength.

Walls

The degree of deterioration of the walls should not be ignored. If they have darkened over time, this still does not mean anything. Very often, under the dark surface of the log, you can see a white core. However, if there is dust there, it must be cut out in whole pieces, along with clean areas, because it makes no sense to decorate a rotten surface.

truss system

Foundation

It should be carefully inspected for damage. Restoration of an old log house of a wooden house does not make sense without strengthening and strengthening the foundation. In the event that it is not strong enough, its base will receive a strong load, which will lead to a violation of the external and internal finishes.

It is recommended to take a pickaxe small size and a lantern and inspect the foundation surfaces from the outside and inside. If whole pieces of the foundation fall off during tapping, it is advisable to invite specialists to evaluate the capabilities of the supporting platform.

Preparation for repair

Any repair begins with preparation. It is necessary to assess the degree of deterioration of the house, the scope of work, time and costs. Conventionally, preparation for repair can be divided into several stages:

• House freed up from unnecessary things and garbage.
• Wooden details of the building look around specialists for the presence of decay. If there are even the slightest signs of decay, they must be disposed of. In some cases, even entire logs need to be replaced. To do this, they are carefully removed from the structure of the house. New logs are installed in their place. At the same time, they are protected by roofing material.
• Revealed and sealed cracks in the House. If this is not done, then they can cause rotting. When sealing, it is recommended to use an antiseptic.
• being looked around floor. Often in old houses there is a rotten floor. It needs to be dismantled.
• A detailed work plan and budget.

Design in different rooms

• Kitchen

The kitchen is the center of a village house; in the old days it replaced the hall, the hallway, and the living room. Therefore, the traditions of honoring the cuisine have been preserved to this day. This room should be bright, the ceilings and walls in which are whitewashed, wallpapered with floral or floral patterns. You can use modern material and decorate the room with wood panels. Color will be given by self-knitted rugs, embroidered table linen, bouquets of natural dried flowers: wheat ears, oregano, St. John's wort or tansy. You can choose dishes made by design workshops, clay, ceramic or wood.

• Living room

The interior design of the guest room of a modern country house is distinguished not only by functionality, but also by comfort. A mandatory component is the presence of upholstered furniture with embroidered pillows, cozy curtains and a fireplace. The carpet will create additional comfort.

• Bedroom

The central place in the bedroom is designed for a large bed made of wood or metal. All bedding, preferably, should be made from natural high-quality materials. And the best option is a feather bed with a mass of whipped pillows.

Bedroom furniture, like the bed, is massive, simple and durable. You can give preference to carved furniture or painted in ancient traditions.

• Children's

A rustic nursery will allow little ones to grow up in an environment filled with natural materials. The simplicity of the interior and the lack of deliberate decoration will only stimulate the development of children's imagination.

• Corridor

The corridor should match the style decision of the house. Wooden furniture, hangers made by carving masters, wicker storage boxes, stools for convenience, metal accessories and original lighting fixtures should all be aimed at solving practical problems.

Restoration of an old rustic log cabin

If you need a major overhaul or reconstruction of an old log village house, then most likely you will need a complete restoration of the old log house, whether it is a log house or a bathhouse. Restoration of an old rural log house includes the whole range of works: grinding, caulking, impregnation with antiseptic compounds and finishing decorative painting. If desired, you can additionally insulate the outer walls and make a new finish with a ventilated facade. After such a major alteration, the old village house will gain new life and will last for decades to come.

The cost of such a repair.
An old log house in the village will require a lot of effort and money to restore it, such a need may be justified by circumstances, but not always economically justified.

Replacement and reconstruction of windows in an old house

If the window openings are equipped with a concrete lintel, then replacing windows in an old building is not a problem. If the arch of the opening rests on the old window frame, then when replacing the window, it cannot be removed - it is necessary to dismantle the sashes and glazing, remove them on old frame protruding elements and rotten or rotten areas, and mount a new window in the opening formed by the old frame. For the rehabilitation of windows in old buildings, there are even special profiles equipped with facing protrusions that hide the unsightly old frame.

If you want to expand window openings, then you need to prepare for serious construction work. Before expansion, it is necessary to mount a reinforced concrete jumper of the required width over the existing opening (if the material and construction of the wall of the old building allow it) and only then cut the opening of the required size below.

Very often in old rural houses there are no ventilation ducts.

When installing modern sealed structures, the humidity in the premises will increase, so it is important to equip the windows with special ventilation valves.

(⇑) Old village houses, built on rubble foundations, are often in good condition, they are quite suitable for life.

Exterior wall renovation

Do-it-yourself repair of a wooden house can be done by partially or completely updating the external walls and roof.

If it is necessary to renew rotten crowns at the base of the foundation, the house rises above the foundation. The damaged log is removed and replaced with a new one. When replacing, it is necessary to select a log of the required length and diameter.

A layer of roofing material or other waterproofing material spreads on the surface of the foundation. A whole box is already installed on it. When cracks form along the perimeter of a wooden house, restoration consists in updating the walls.

Before and after siding

Damaged logs are cleaned, treated with antiseptic compounds, the cracks are covered with sealant. Then the outer walls of the wooden house should be sheathed with wooden, plastic siding or lined with bricks.

In those cases when the log rots under the window frame as a result of the accumulation of melt water in this place in the spring, the damaged part is sawn out. Wooden combs are installed along the ends in sawn places. A new piece of log is driven into them.

Repair of wooden houses to restore the external walls of the house can be done independently.

Benefits of rural life

Today, life outside the city ceases to be a luxury, and sometimes village buildings become almost the only place of residence acceptable for health. In the current state of affairs, buying and maintaining a rural house is much cheaper and more profitable than a tiny apartment in a multi-storey city "anthill". And there is no need to talk about the accompanying benefits and benefits of such a habitat for humans.

Cars do not scurry back and forth, the nasty city smog does not hang overhead - instead, birds chirp and a pleasant breeze blows from a forest or a river. Clean air, saturated with the smell of fruits, berries and herbs, natural food (bought cheaply from neighbor grandmothers) and the absence of city noise please not only the body, but also the soul.

If the house is located near water, it is important to find out if flooding occurs in the area. 2

During rains, dirt roads can become a big problem.

The hardest task is to find countryside really worthy version of the old house, durable, warm, comfortable. To do this, it is important to understand the state of the building structure, take into account the features of the area of ​​​​its location, and evaluate the quality of the site. The future owner may not even be aware of what surprises lurk behind an attractive facade. How to protect yourself from trouble and not buy a pig in a poke, read this article.

(⇑) Inspection of the house should begin with checking the condition of the foundation.

Mandatory elements of a country house made of wood

Houses in the suburbs are often built of wood, and if not, then it is sure to be present in the interior of any rustic style. It is worth highlighting three main features characteristic of a house in the village:

• a real fireplace, stove or their decorative versions;
• the presence of an attic or second floor;
• Lots of light, mostly natural.

All rustic styles are characterized by the use of only natural material, therefore, even at the design stage, it is necessary to abolish plastic, synthetics and artificial materials.

Rustic kitchen

If the house in the village is small, it is necessary to draw up its layout correctly. Each residential building should have the following premises:

• kitchen;
• living room;
• bedroom;
• veranda, terrace or at least a porch;
• basement.

If under construction Vacation home with a Russian stove, then it should be located mainly in the kitchen, but you can place the stove in the living room, as well as the fireplace. When a stove or fireplace performs an exclusively decorative function, gas or electric heating, these nuances must be taken into account at the stage of designing a house.

Beautiful examples

• The first photo shows a simple bedroom design using a rough rustic style. Pay attention to the rug in the bedside area, which is made by hand. The headboard of the bed is decorated with wood and covered with woven fabric with folk patterns.
• And this is the design of a small village house, which was divided into several sections with the help of a wooden beam and supports.

• In this photo you can see the design of the facade two-story house built of wood with a stone oven.

• Here is the design of the office in country style, characterized by aristocracy and restraint. Scottish cage adds coziness and home warmth to the room.

• This photo shows a cozy living space in a Russian country style with a samovar, photographs of Russian nature and a wall clock.

• If you are not yet ready for large-scale changes in the interior, then you can do much easier. To update the interior and give it a touch of rustic style, stylized decor items will be enough: towels, embroidered pillowcases, clay figurines, a samovar.

For more tips on how to furnish your home, see the following video.

If you are going to independently carry out the insulation of a wooden house from the inside, I recommend that you read this article. We will consider in detail all the main nuances and subtleties of this procedure, which you are unlikely to be told about on other resources.

A few words about the choice of insulation

First of all, home craftsmen are interested in how to insulate the walls of a wooden house from the inside, as well as the floor and ceiling. The choice of insulation for a wooden house requires a special approach, because one of the main advantages of such housing is vapor permeability and environmental friendliness. Accordingly, it is desirable to preserve these qualities.

Wood is known to be a combustible material. Therefore, it is desirable that the insulation be fireproof.

Given these points, you can use the following materials for home insulation:

• mineral wool;
• extruded polystyrene foam;
• ecowool.

mineral wool

Mineral wool is the most common insulation.

It is excellent for thermal insulation of wooden housing due to the following properties:

• good thermal insulation qualities - 0.032 - 0.048 W / mK;
• environmental friendliness;
• good vapor permeability;
• fire safety - mineral wool not only does not burn, but also resists the spread of fire;
• Sold in the form of mats and rolls, making it convenient to work with mineral wool.

It should be noted that only basalt wool is environmentally friendly. In addition, it is the most thermally stable. Therefore, use it to insulate a wooden house.

True, the price of basalt wool is slightly higher than stone wool and glass wool:

brand	Cost per 1m3
Isoroc Isoruf-V	3990
TECHNOFAS L	3500
Ecover Light	1950
TECHNOFLOR	4800

Another disadvantage of basalt wool is that it causes irritation on the skin, although to a lesser extent than, for example, glass wool. But, in any case, when working with it, it is desirable to protect the eyes and respiratory organs.

In general, in my opinion, basalt wool is the most optimal insulation for wooden walls.

Penoplex

Extruded polystyrene foam is a type of regular polystyrene foam.

Thanks to a special manufacturing technology, it has higher characteristics than expanded polystyrene:

• high strength - 0.2-0.5 MPa versus 0.07 MPa for foam;
• thermal conductivity is lower than that of mineral wool - 0.028-0.034 W / mK;
• during the manufacturing process, manufacturers add fire retardants to extruded polystyrene foam, due to which the material corresponds to the G1 combustibility class (low combustible material). True, this applies only to insulation from well-known manufacturers;
• resistant to moisture, therefore, during installation does not require hydro-vapor barrier;
• does not irritate the skin.

However, penoplex has some disadvantages:

• vapor permeability is very low, so it is better not to use penoplex to insulate the walls of the house. At the same time, it will be a good solution for thermal insulation of the floor, as it is not afraid of moisture;
• high cost - penoplex is today one of the most expensive heat-insulating materials.

Below is the cost for some common grades of extruded polystyrene foam:

Ecowool

Ecowool is a relatively new thermal insulation material that has become increasingly popular in recent years.

Its merits include the following points:

• environmental friendliness - the material is made on the basis of wood fibers;
• vapor permeability;
• thanks to special additives that are present in ecowool, the insulation is fireproof and resistant to biological influences;
• has a low thermal conductivity of 0.031-0.040 W / m * K;
• low cost - from 1200 rubles. per cube

I must say that for the insulation of walls with ecowool, special equipment is required. Therefore, when working independently, it is possible to perform only floor or ceiling insulation with this material.

Here, and all the most common heaters that are used to insulate wooden houses. True, there are still materials that are applied in the form of foam, for example, polyurethane foam. However, they will not be able to perform insulation on their own, so we will not consider them.

Warming technology

The process of warming a wooden house includes three main stages:

Floor insulation

To insulate the floor yourself, you will need the following materials:

• one of the heaters that I talked about above;
• vapor barrier;
• slats and boards - will be needed if there is no subfloor between the lags;
• antiseptic impregnation for wood.

The instruction for floor insulation looks like this:

1. if the floor has already been used, it is necessary to dismantle the wooden flooring;
2. then you need to perform a draft, unless, of course, it is missing. To do this, fasten the cranial bars on the rafters from below and lay the boards on top of them;
3. Further treat all wooden floor elements with an antiseptic to protect them from biological influences;

1. then a vapor barrier is laid over the rafters and the subfloor. The strips of the membrane should overlap each other by 10 centimeters. Be sure to glue the joints with tape.
   As I said above, in the case of floor insulation with extruded polystyrene foam, vapor barrier can be omitted;

1. Next, you need to lay the insulation. If used for this purpose mineral plates or penoplex, place the insulation close to the logs. In addition, make sure that there are no gaps between the insulation plates;

1. then you need to lay another layer of the vapor barrier;
2. at the end of the work, it is necessary to lay the boards, fixing them on the logs with nails or self-tapping screws.

I must say that the thermal insulation of the attic floor is performed in exactly the same way, with the only difference being that the insulation is placed between the floor beams.

Wall insulation

The next stage is the insulation of the walls from the inside of a wooden house. I must say right away that it is necessary to resort to this procedure only if it is really necessary.

It is much more expedient to insulate the house from the outside.

The fact is that internal insulation contains a number of disadvantages:

• insulation, although not significantly, but still takes up useful space in the room. For large houses, this, of course, is not critical, but in small houses, for example, garden ones, the reduction in space can be very noticeable;
• after the walls are insulated from the inside, they completely stop heating;
• moisture forms between the insulation and the wall, which leads to dampness of the surface and, accordingly, a decrease in the durability of the structure.

If insulation from the inside cannot be avoided, it is necessary to strictly adhere to a certain technology that will minimize all the negative consequences of this procedure.

So, for wall insulation, it is necessary to prepare the following materials:

• antiseptic impregnation for wood;
• interventional insulation;
• wooden slats;
• vapor barrier;
• thermal insulation material;
• finishing material - lining or, for example, drywall.

The process of wall insulation can be divided into four main stages:

To prepare the walls for insulation with your own hands, you need to perform the following steps:

1. wall surfaces must be impregnated to prevent wood decay, protect it from moisture and other negative factors;

1. if the house is made of beams or logs, it is imperative to insulate the intervention gaps by filling them with tow, jute insulation, or other suitable material.

Now we need to equip the ventilation space between the wall and the insulation so that the walls do not get damp.

It is done as follows:

1. fasten the rails to the walls in a horizontal position. Their thickness should be at least 1.5-2 cm.

Install them at a distance of 0.5 m vertically, and 2-3 cm horizontally. At the same time, try to arrange them so that they form a flat horizontal plane. Minor deviations are allowed, since the plane of the frame can be corrected at the stage of installing the racks;

1. then a vapor barrier membrane must be attached to the rails. It should be stretched to form a ventilation gap. Glue the joints of the membrane with adhesive tape;
2. for the ventilation gap to work, it is necessary to drill holes in the wall from below near the base, and from above under the visor.

Now let's start assembling the frame:

1. the bars that will serve as racks must be cut to the height of the room;

1. prepared bars must be fixed on the rails. If their thickness is equal to the thickness of the insulation, the racks can be placed close to the rails using metal corners and self-tapping screws. If the bars are thinner, they should be fixed on suspensions, while the thickness of the frame should be equal to the thickness of the insulation.
   Make the distance between the posts so that the insulation fits snugly against them. For example, if mineral mats are used for insulation, the step of the racks can be made two centimeters less than the width of the mats.

To make the wall even, first install vertical posts (required in level) along the edges of the wall, i.e. near the corners, then pull the threads between them. This will allow you to set the intermediate racks in the same plane as the extreme bars;

1. Now we are laying the insulation in the frame. In order for the wall insulation in a wooden house to be effective from the inside, try to ensure that there are no gaps between the plates. In addition, place the tiles flush against the ceiling and against the walls.
   If the cracks are nevertheless formed, they must be filled with scraps of mineral wool;

1. then a vapor barrier membrane must be attached to the racks. To fix it, you can use a construction stapler.
   Be sure to overlap the strips of the membrane, and glue the joints with adhesive tape;
2. fasten wooden slats about two centimeters thick over the membrane. They will provide the necessary clearance between the skin and the vapor barrier membrane.
   Keep in mind that the crate should be perpendicular to the plastic or lining.

To ensure good sound insulation in housing, it is necessary to insulate the internal walls with mineral wool, i.e. partitions. The principle of installation of insulation is the same as for the insulation of load-bearing walls.

Now we need to sheathe the frame. Usually, wooden finishing materials are used for these purposes - lining or block house.

Their installation is carried out as follows:

1. lining is most often installed vertically, so the boards must first be cut to the height of the room;
2. the first lining is installed so that the spike is directed towards the corner. To fix it, self-tapping screws are screwed into the face from the side of the spike.

From the side of the groove, the vgonka can also be fixed with self-tapping screws, which are screwed into the lower ridge of the groove. It is even easier and faster to fix with the help of special fasteners - kleimers;

1. the subsequent board will be connected to the lock with the previous one and attached to the frame from the side of the groove. The last board on the wall is cut in width, and docked with the previous one. From the side of the corner, the lining is fixed to the frame with self-tapping screws, which are screwed into the face;

1. at the end of the work, wooden corners are mounted on the corners. They will hide the joints of the lining and the hats of the screws.

This completes the insulation of the walls inside the house.

Ceiling insulation

As I said above, ceiling insulation can be done from the attic side. However, sometimes it becomes necessary to install insulation from the inside.

If you have a similar situation, you need to prepare the following materials:

• slab insulation;
• wooden slats;
• vapor barrier membrane.

Installation of insulation is carried out as follows:

1. if there is no flooring in the attic, it must be done. Boards or other material that is used as flooring should be fixed to the floor beams with nails or self-tapping screws;
2. then, from the side of the room, a vapor barrier membrane should be attached to the floor beams and flooring;
3. further, the space between the beams must be filled with heat-insulating plates. To fix them, you can fix the rails perpendicular to the beams. You can also nail studs to the lower side surfaces of the beams, and pull threads or wire between them;
4. after the insulation of the floor, it is necessary to fix another layer of vapor barrier;

1. then the crate is performed and the ceiling material is mounted. You can also make a frame and sheathe the ceiling with drywall.

Here, in fact, is all the information on how to properly insulate a wooden house from the inside.

Output

Having familiarized yourself with the technology, you can safely take on the insulation of a wooden house from the inside. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this work. I recommend watching the video in this article. For any questions, you can contact me in the comments, and I will be happy to answer you.