Where to sharpen planer knives. Properly sharpened electric planer blades are the key to safe work

12.06.2019

Home » Articles » Construction and repair » Home workshop: how to manually sharpen a chisel

Everyone knows that the key to accurate and safe work is the use of a sharp, and most importantly, correctly sharpened tool. Good chisel without special efforts cuts wood, does not leave chips and rarely breaks, reducing the likelihood of damage to the workpiece and the hands of the worker. You can sharpen a tool yourself in two ways: on a machine with electric drive or by hand, using sandpaper and a simple tool made in the home workshop.

The use of an electrically driven abrasive disc for sharpening chisels has disadvantages:

High cost of equipment: the price of a machine equipped with clamps and adjustable sharpening angle can reach several tens of thousands of rubles;
Tool heating: during machining, it is necessary to cool the surface after each pass. Otherwise, there is a risk of overheating of the metal and a change in its properties;
Concave bevel: the emery wheel is round, so the surface to be sharpened is not flat, but slightly dented. A working edge with a concave chamfer is considered less resistant.

Making a device for sharpening chisels

In most cases, it is enough to periodically edit the chisel by hand on an emery cloth, which provides a flat bevel and costs little. In each workshop, some trimmings of lumber constantly remain, choosing the right ones, you can make a simple device for sharpening chisels with your own hands. The photo shows a device with a sharpening angle of 25 °, for other angles, several such homemade products will be required.

Pieces of furniture chipboard and a small wooden block 40 mm thick were taken as the basis. I also needed a cut of the duralumin profile for the stop (replaced with anything suitable, even thick plywood) and a few self-tapping screws. The dimensions in the drawing are not critical, the main thing is to make the correct angle of inclination.

All blanks are marked and sawn out, it is especially necessary to prepare the details for the moving part of the homemade product: a bar, two corners and an emphasis for a chisel. The elements are fastened together with screws, under which holes are pre-drilled.

Sharpening chisels on sandpaper

Sandpaper is placed on the stand, a chisel rests against it along the stop and is pressed with a finger or a clamp. The blade is sharpened with smooth movements back and forth.

First, a large skin is used until the entire cutting edge is covered with uniform risks. Then we spend reverse side(backwards) blades on sandpaper several times, removing burrs.

We change abrasive material to a smaller one and repeat all the steps again. The final finishing, after which even small scratches do not remain, can be performed on a piece of leather using GOI paste or household cleaning powder.

How to sharpen a semicircular chisel

It is more difficult to manually sharpen a semicircular chisel, you have to perform arc movements while maintaining the desired angle of inclination.

It will be much more convenient if you put an emery sheet in the palm of your hand and bend it approximately in the shape of a point. We carry out a chisel from side to side, periodically inspecting the blade.

fine-tuning inside a semicircular chisel is carried out on a bar with an oval edge.

So, having only sandpaper and a simple device, you can keep your chisels in working order. With careful manufacture, such devices are in no way inferior to expensive and complex factory counterparts.

Administrator

Hello.

It turns out that disposable knives for an electric planer can be sharpened. You just need to make a simple fixture and use it to sharpen knives.

How to make such a device, see the video clip.

I tried knives sharpened in this way to make a summer shower and a small building for garden tools.

Planed about one cubic meter raw edged board 25 mm.

Sharpening knives for an electric planer: woodworking

This dulled both sides of the knives. It turned out that one side of the knives is enough for 0.5 cubes. I worked on the road ... the nearest store where you can buy such knives is more than 35 km away. so, the device for was useful for editing sharpening.

I also invite you to the premium section of the site, for this you just need to subscribe to the newsletter.

(it's free)

Sincerely, Alexander Klimov.

Workshop Tools, Carpentry Tricks Jun 21, 2017

Home craftsman: how to sharpen a planer

Why do you need manual sharpening
Sharpening planer knives on the machine and their adjustment
Conclusion on the topic

In a workshop home master always a lot of tools. How to sharpen a planer so that it is always in working condition? Every master who has a hand or electric tool should learn how to do this.

Carpentry tool for planing wood in the form of a wooden block with a wide blade.

Why do you need manual sharpening

Sharpening planer knives on the machine and their adjustment

Electric planer knives are consumables.

In most cases, when sharpening a planer, a special machine is used.

Learning how to sharpen a tool on it is quite simple - just read the instructions.

Sharpening knives for a planer in Moscow

Such equipment includes the Tormek machine (image 4). It is equipped powerful engine, has low speed, can sharpen the tool for a fairly long period of time.

High purity and precision of sharpening provides water cooling of the knife edge.

Sharpened knives are clamped with holders that are mounted on a support. During the operation of the machine, it is possible to adjust the pressure, the width of the chamfer, the speed of rotation of the circle. On the machine sharpening of the tool from any metal is possible. The very process of working on the machine is very simple, you just need to follow some safety rules.

common variety hand planer is the electric version.

His knives belong to consumables. There are usually 2 of them. They are mounted on a special drum and removed upper layer wood on the workpiece. These products are made from a special grade of tool steel. They lend themselves well to sharpening. For some models, they are made of tungsten carbide, which is particularly durable.

The angle of the planer should be sharpened at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees.

Knives differ in their shapes.

They are:

straight;
rounded;
curly.

Straight blades are used for cutting narrow workpieces and cutting quarters. Rounded blades handle wide planes. Roundings at the ends make neat transitions between the lines of the passage of the planer. Wave-shaped curly blades are needed to imitate various aged surfaces. Before starting work with a planer, it is necessary to check the correct installation of the knives.

To do this, turn the planer upside down and look at the blade: its cutting edge should protrude 0.3-0.5 mm above the sole.

Interskol and Baikal planes have very good quality compared to other manufacturers.

Adjust the blades if necessary.

For adjustment, the fixing screws are loosened, then the adjusting screws are turned in different directions until the knives take their place. After that, it remains to fix them.

New electric planers most often come adjusted from the factory. They can be used immediately. But the settings must be checked periodically, because they can change when the blade meets a knot or a nail. After adjusting the plane, they check it on an unnecessary bar or board.

The Baikal and Interskol planers have very reliable and durable blades.

They are slightly wider than other models, their thickness is also somewhat larger. They are sharpened in the usual way. The sharpening angle is approximately 30 degrees. In order for the planing quality to be high, the cutting edge should not have any burrs. To do this, sharpened knives need to be edited using a grinding wheel. The piece of iron is installed in the fixture and moved from one side to the other. The pressure on the wheel or touchstone should be minimal so as not to overheat the part. Thanks to this manipulation, the knife will receive a special sharpness.

When fine-tuning using different kind Oselkov used water, oil, kerosene as a coolant.

If the touchstone has a different structure on each side, then the coarse-grained side is used first, then the fine-grained one. The touchstone must be washed periodically so that it does not become salty.

Conclusion on the topic

Each owner should be able to sharpen and adjust the knives of a manual or electric planer.

After installing them, you should immediately try the work of the planer.

This method has been proven to prolong the life of the cutting elements. For proper sharpening, you need desire, an eye, skill and a steady hand. They must be accompanied by emery and grinding wheels, whetstones for finishing. It is good to get tools for attaching knives and templates with different angles.

Greetings.

Friends recently gave me, for a while, a thicknesser.

Since they used it during the year in construction for planing raw wood and didn’t particularly wonder about knives, sharpening and ...

In general, the knives on the machine turned out to be so blunt that dry pine board when removing only 0.5 mm, the machine pulled it out with difficulty and the surface turned out almost like after brushing, that is, the soft fibers were removed with knives, while the hard ones remained.

The task was to either replace the knives or sharpen them. Stopped to sharpen.

Undertook to look in our city where this can be done.

Planer knives. Replacement and sharpening angles

I found a knife for 200 rubles, though they were surprised that such small knives needed to be sharpened - 318 mm long and about 20 mm wide. This alarmed me a little ... I decided to see how you can sharpen it yourself.

I reviewed a lot of information, I even came across a story when a person gave sharpening short planer knives to a key-making workshop, they immediately requested all the payment, and upon receipt they gave the knives in the form of a trapezoid, when the person returned for regrinding, they did the same.

The result is thrown knives. The result of all these studies is well-sharpened knives at home. But as? Watch the video.

And yet, I invite you to the premium section of the site, for this you just need to subscribe to the newsletter.

(it's free)

I hope you find something useful for yourself.

Alexander Klimov

Workshop Equipment, Carpentry Tricks Feb 22, 2015

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The rest of the planes and bats do it yourself. Only sharpening ruler and bits

Construction tools

If you want quality smooth surface was ideal, the workpiece must be well designed.

Don't assume the sharpest tool you've just bought.

Sharp electric knives

New tools are mostly sold unchanged, so the point of the tool should be used before use. Irons and ironing tools, as well as bits that are sharp on grinding machine or on direct grinding moistened with water, oil or oil diluted with kerosene.

when focus The tool (oblicovochnuie-rabotui / instrument derevo.html) must always be at the same angle and sharpen the edge along the longitudinal movement with the same pressure over the entire surface of the door until it wears out.

Only sharpening ruler and bits

The rods must have two: the rough grinding of the sloping side, which must be sharpened on the front surface of the smooth surface, does not have a clear shape visible to the touch of the shank, and the fine ones that make this shank replace editing on both sides of the removal.

It is undesirable to use sharpening tools electric grinders, because when working on them, tool steel (oblicovochnuie-rabotui / instrument-derevo.html) is often very hot and soft.

Combined instrument kits (oblicovochnuie-rabotui / instrument-derevo.html) with removable working attachments have been successful in practice.

A drill or a two-stage drilling machine is used as a drive mechanism. For commonly used nozzles, circular saws, flat saws, grinding wheels, joint drills, the kit also contains a series of hammer blows, metal scissors.

Any home master always keeps the tool in working order. This is especially true for hand or electric planer knives. Everyone needs to learn how to properly and accurately sharpen planer knives. What are the tools and machines for sharpening tools, and how to learn how to use?

If the planer blades are dull

The performance of the planer largely depends on the sharpening of the knives. A knife or planer cutter is a metal blade located at a certain angle to the processing surface.

The working position of the cutter is the extended and adjustable part of the knife. The knife protrudes through the slot through which the spent chips exit. The clamping of the planer knives is carried out using clamps that are simple in shape. The equilibrium system of arrangement of the main elements of the planer creates a fairly efficient assembly until the master feels that it is time to sharpen the planer knives. How to determine if a planer knife is dull or not?

A dull planer knife does not require complex diagnostics. It is enough to consider the cutting edge (chamfer) to the light. Turning the chamfer around the edge reveals a shiny, thread-like strip that will signal that the edge has dulled. This is easily explained: the angle of sharpening the planer knife is 30 degrees. Professional carpenters sharpen the bevel without measuring the angle, relying on their own intuition and achieving the necessary ratio between the width and thickness of the knife.

When sharpening knives, it is necessary to observe the balance and geometry of the blades. If you cannot safely sharpen knives yourself manually, devices and a device for sharpening knives for a planer will come to the rescue.

The video will help you learn more about planer knives.

Learning how to sharpen planer knives is easy. It is enough to study the design of devices, devices and machines for sharpening, as well as be able to securely fasten the blade of knives.

Sharpening accessories

The simplest, and therefore affordable manual tool for sharpening knives can be called a wooden block, in the upper part of which a planer knife is fixed.

This device has two points of contact: at one point the sharpened blade rests on the abrasive, and at the second point on the corner of the bar. The primitive design and manual movement of the fixture, however, allow for good sharpening of planer knives. It should be borne in mind that the sharpening angle geometrically depends on the height wooden block above the surface of the abrasive, as well as the distance to the attachment point.
When sharpening, the blade of a piece of iron knife should be straight.

There are also the following devices used for sharpening:
grinding wheel
clamp for sharpening
barrel roller
honing block
sharpeners with front and side clamp.
Grinding circle is an abrasive wheel with a diameter of up to 60 mm with a wheel thickness of up to 18 mm and a hexagonal shank. For ease of sharpening, the circle is equipped with a conical recess located around the circumference. The grinding wheel is made of silicon carbide. For sharpening, an electric drill is used as a driving element.

Clamp for sharpening Designed for secure clamping of planer knives on the sharpening stop. The clamp has 3 working positions, which allow you to set the rod, leveling at the required working angle of sharpening. The sharpening angle can vary from 30 to 90 degrees. The clamp is mounted on screws located on plastic gaskets. The clamp material is anodized aluminium.

Barrel roller designed to eliminate sharpening defects on the workpiece being sharpened. The roller has a characteristic shape that allows you to eliminate the “tracks” formed after sharpening with a sharpener in 3 passes. This maintains a 90 degree angle between the sides of the knife and the cutting edge.

Honing block designed to function as a substrate for abrasive paste. Convenient geometric dimensions and manufacturing material - low-carbon stabilized steel provide flatness over the entire surface of sharpening up to 0.127 mm. Unlike water stones, the bar does not need to be wiped off the surface when sharpening. It is possible to stick the bar to a large surface area, which provides the best comfort when working.

Sharpener Veritas Sharpening System with a front and side clamp is designed for sharpening planer and jointer knives, with the exception of knife blades from Japanese manufacturers. The sharpener is a blade that can be clamped together with a knife blade from the front or from the side. The sharpener is equipped with a roller that prevents any damage to the sharpening stone. The sharpening of the knife blades is carried out by means of a template that sets the angle with the possibility of manual adjustment.

It should be noted that when working with sharpening devices, it is necessary to pay attention to the reliable fastening of the knife blades.
This video will help you learn how to sharpen planer knives using tools.

But of particular interest when sharpening knives is working on a grinding machine. You can learn how to work on a grinding machine yourself by reading the instructions.

Grinding machine Tormek

The Tormek is a low speed grinder with a powerful motor and high torque. The machine allows you to carry out grinding work continuously for a long period of time. A high frequency of sharpening is provided by low revolutions (up to 90 rpm) and water cooling of the cutting edge of the tool being sharpened. The device and principle of operation of the machine for sharpening knives for a planer is quite simple. The tool to be sharpened is clamped into the holder.

The holder with the fixed tool is fixed on the universal support. Then the inclusion grinder. Sharpening of knives or other tools takes place at low speed using a grinding wheel immersed in water. The sharpening process is visible, at any time it is possible to adjust and control the clamping force, the width of the sharpening chamfer and the speed of rotation of the grinding wheel. When sharpening the tool, overheating of the tool is completely excluded. The use of various grinding stones allows you to sharpen any metal.

You can learn how to work on a grinding machine in a few visits. Therefore, sharpening knives with your own hands will not be difficult. For more confidence in the work and practice of sharpening planer knives, you can watch the video.

Recall that sharpening work always requires attention and compliance with safety regulations.

Hello! Today I will tell you how to sharpen knives for a planer with your own hands. The main difficulty, due to which not everyone is ready to take on this matter, is the observance of the required sharpening angle, as well as its uniformity.

First, a little about what knives are. There are two types - disposable and reusable. The first, as the name implies, do not sharpen, but simply change to new ones. At the same time, they are necessarily produced double-sided, so when the first side is blunt, you just need to turn them over and you can work again until the second side is blunt. And after the wear of the second side, we buy new ones. Well, if you have this particular case, then you can not think about sharpening.

Reusable can be either single or double sided. Naturally, double-sided must first be used on both sides, and then sharpened.

An indication that the knives have become blunt is that the planer is difficult to move along wooden surface, and also the surface processed by it remains insufficiently smooth.

80 types of electric planers at low prices. Click to see

So, in order to edit it yourself, you need special device. Thanks to him, he manages to sharpen at the right angle. Some planers have such a device included. If it is not, then you need to purchase it in the store.

Also, of course, you will need an abrasive stone with a fine grain. Before sharpening on it, soak it for a few minutes in water.

Knives are fixed in the device indicated above. They can be clamped in pairs, or individually. If you put both of them at once, then the bevels of the point should be in the same plane so as not to knock them down. When fastening one by one, it is necessary to ensure that the beveled edge on the fixture is parallel to the surface of the stone.

Well, in the end, all sharpening comes down to removing burrs and bumps from the blade. We drive the knives along the abrasive stone until they are sharpened. If the blade is very dull and you find it too tiring to manually sharpen it, then you can do it on an electric sharpener. The main thing is to do everything carefully.

Reusable can be either single or double sided. Naturally, double-sided must first be used on both sides, and then sharpened.

Disposable and reusable electric planer knives

An indication that the knives have become blunt is that the planer is difficult to move on a wooden surface, and the surface it has processed is not smooth enough.

80 types of electric planers at low prices. Click to see

So, in order to make the edit yourself, you need a special device. Thanks to him, he manages to sharpen at the right angle. Some planers have such a device included. If it is not, then you need to purchase it in the store.

Also, of course, you will need an abrasive stone with a fine grain. Before sharpening on it, soak it for a few minutes in water.

Attaching knives to a sharpener

The process of sharpening electric planer knives

That's all. I hope the article was useful to you. Read other articles on my website. And see you again!

How to sharpen knives on an electric planer?

To begin with, it is simply not realistic to sharpen knives for an electric planer by hand, you will have to buy some kind of machine tool or sharpener with a special tool, otherwise, alas, nothing. I use a grinder

In the beginning, you need to decide which knives are installed on your electric planer, there are disposable ones, they are not sharpened at all, there are ones for sharpening.

Also look at the completeness of the electric planer, in many models (especially branded ones) there is a device for sharpening the knives of the electric planer in the kit.

If under sharpening, remove the knives from the planer.

We insert knives (two) into such a device, for sharpening, from the kit,

Knives are inserted into the device until it stops, the blades of the knives are in the same plane.

I advise you to pre-moisten it (moisten) with water.

In principle, everything and grinding machines are not needed, everything is done by hand.

Sharpening electric planer knives is not a particularly tricky business, but you should have a number of devices to properly perform such sharpening. At a time when there were no such devices, sharpening was carried out by hand, this troublesome business and required excellent training of the sharpener. For this, an emery bar with a smooth surface without workings was needed. The sharpening angle had to be strictly observed; it should be 35 degrees.

Now they use special devices, this is fast and high-quality, but with all the sharpening mechanism, you need to monitor the development on the stones, otherwise sharpening will not work. A knife is inserted into the frame from el. planer, the correct sharpening angle is set, then we turn on the machine and the knife is sharpened.

There are several ways to sharpen the knives of the electric planer drum, they are mainly divided into two methods:

It is necessary to remove the blades from the drum and install them in a special mandrel, holding the mandrel with your hands, you need to drive the knives along a flat plane in a circular motion, an abrasive wheel is suitable for sharpening and a sheet of sandpaper for fine-tuning.

2) Automated method

The knives are removed from the drum and mounted in a special device that is installed on the emery machine. The device must have a floating stroke along the rotating abrasive stone. You can make such a device yourself.

The sharpening angle in the blades is approximately 30-45 degrees.

Planer knives. Replacement and sharpening angles

A planer is perhaps the most popular tool in the arsenal of a home carpenter. That is why, you need to know everything about replacing planer knives, their correct sharpening and operation. And how to choose the right knives for a planer, both manual and electric, to ensure their maximum durability - these issues will be discussed further.

All knives for manual planers (electric ones have some nuances, but more on that later) work under conditions of significant loads on the blade, which manifests itself in increased shear stresses experienced by the metal.

The dynamics of the planer knife is as follows. When the tool is reciprocated, the knife cuts into the wood to a certain depth. Since the tree does not have any noticeable plasticity, a certain layer is chipped off with the formation of chips. The chips themselves also rarely have a large length, and quickly split into smaller fragments. This happens at the moment of “crawling” of the wood cut from the blank onto the inclined edge of the blade. With further movement of the planer, a crack appears in the next layer, etc.

If you do not take into account individual characteristics the material being processed, then the size of the passage - the maximum length of the broken chip fragment - affects the resistance of the planer knife. As the span decreases and the planing depth decreases, the surface of the workpiece becomes cleaner and smoother, and at the same time, shear loads on the blade are reduced.

Since the chips break when bending upwards, the greatest stresses are caused in the block of the planer. Therefore, it is made from the hardest wood species. However, the durability of the last, as a rule, far exceeds the durability of the knife. This is explained:

More favorable pad geometry, where there are no voltage concentrators;
The situational desire of a carpenter (especially an inexperienced one) to increase the depth of cut, as a result of which the thickness of the passage increases;
Increased friction between the contact surfaces of the knife blade and chips, as a result of which the temperature at the working edge of the knife increases.

These factors lead to rapid blunting of the blade. Therefore, it is important right choice the geometry of the planer knife, as well as the material from which the tool is made.

The knife of a manual planer consists of a working and a supporting part. In the configuration of the working part of the knife, there are:

A chamfer that forms on the back of the blade. It provides a reduction in the force of cutting the knife into the wood by eliminating the friction of the back of the workpiece material.
The front angle, which in most cases coincides with the accepted inclination of the knife in the planer body.
The back corner of the chamfer itself.
The working angle of sharpening, which is equal to the difference between the values of the angle of the chamfer and the angle of inclination of the knife in the planer.

For the durability of the tool in question, the rake angle is of the greatest importance: it is he who determines the smoothness of the planed surface, the conditions for removing chips from the processing zone and the load on the blade.

When choosing the optimal value for a given angle, the following factors are taken into account:

Physical and mechanical properties of the processed material. In particular, with increasing hardness, the angle must be increased. For processing soft wood (linden, aspen, pine, larch) it is recommended to set the knife at an angle of 45 ± 5º, for working on harder wood (hornbeam, oak, pear) - 60 ± 5 °, and when processing even harder materials - even up to 80º. Such recommendations are related to the abrasive action that the passage of chips produces as they rise from the planing zone;
Type of planing. Almost every type of wood requires a certain angle of inclination of the planer to the plane of the workpiece being processed. For example, pine is best planed when the tool is tilted to the angle of sharpening knives of a hand planer 40 ... 50 0 from the axis of the board. Less soft varieties are processed at sharpening angles of 25 ... 30º. This technique provides the best quality of planing, but the knife heats up more and, therefore, becomes dull faster;
Knife material and hardness. Most of all, high-speed steels P12 or even P18 are suitable for these purposes (for this reason, some home craftsmen use parts for the manufacture of planer knives). saw blades friction saws that operate under similar conditions). Planer knives made of ordinary tool steel of the U7 or U8 type will be less resistant.

Sharpening knives for hand planers

The working edge of the knife is a rib, which still has a small radius of curvature. Before sharpening, visually check the integrity of the edge: it should not have local tears of metal. If available, planer knives will have to be shortened.

To minimize the radius of curvature on the edge, sharpening is recommended to be carried out in two stages. Initially, primary sharpening is performed: a blunt knife from the chamfer side is brought to the periphery of the grinding wheel and pressed strongly. The number of revolutions of the grinder should not exceed 600 ... 700 min -1, otherwise the metal removal will be significant. It is also important not to overdo it with pressing force, since blue-violet tint colors may appear on the steel - an unpleasant sign of metal tempering. In this case, the hardness of the planer knife will decrease, and it will be necessary to restore the strength characteristics of the material through a rather complex heat treatment (annealing + hardening + tempering).

In the absence of a sharpener, proceed as follows. Sharpening a knife for a manual planer is done with a coarse-grained whetstone, which must be fixed on a workbench (both hands must remain free). Sharpening is performed by circular movements of the chamfer along the surface of the bar. In this case, it is advisable to periodically moisten the knife with water or soapy water. This not only cleans the surface to be sharpened from the smallest particles of knife metal, but also allows you to evenly cool the tool.

The appearance of a thin burr on the blade along its entire length is a sign of the transition to the second stage of sharpening. Here, the tool is sharpened using a finer-grained stone that will remove the burr. The generally accepted gradation of bars according to their grain size is as follows:

High grit (30…180 µm): Silicon carbide or corundum whetstones/grindstones. They are used to remove large defects on knives, change the chamfer angle, etc.
Medium grit (7…20 µm): bars/grindstones made of electrocorundum or chromium dioxide. Suitable for pre-sharpening.
Small granularity (3…5 microns). The materials are the same, the tool is used for the final sharpening of knives.

After sharpening is completed, a knife blade is passed over a piece of hardwood, which will finally remove the burr fragments.

Sharpening of electric planer knives

The main features of knives for planers of the drive type are their double-sidedness, as well as work exclusively along the wood fibers. If the knives are made of tool steels, then they can be sharpened, while carbide knives will have to be replaced. When one part of the knife becomes dull, it is turned over to the opposite side and continues to be used.

There are the following versions of electric planer knives:

Straight - they are used to work with narrow grooves products;
Rounded - suitable for planing wider surfaces;
Figured or wavy, which are used to form textured surfaces on the product.

Knives differ in their size, in particular, in length. For imported tools, the standard size is 82 mm; in practice, such knives are called “plates”. However, some domestic manufacturers make knives that are compatible with foreign-made tools. High power electric planers (designed for working with more durable wood) are equipped with thicker knives with a width of 110 mm. A feature of such knives is the presence of mounting holes.

The longer the knife, the easier it is to sharpen. As in the previous case, it is important to know the material from which the knife is made. The process of sharpening knives for electric planers is as follows.

First, the current state of the cutting edge is determined. If a shiny strip is clearly visible on the chamfer of the knife, then such a tool needs to be sharpened. It is carried out at a sharpening angle of 30 0 using a grinding wheel with a guide jig, previously moistened with water. Grinding can be performed with both reciprocating and circular movements of the knife. In the first variant, the movements should be performed across the working surface of the blade. Cooling during the grinding process is essential: electric planer blades operate at much higher speeds and are therefore extremely sensitive to a decrease in hardness. This is exactly what happens if grinding is carried out in ordinary air: the steel is released, and its hardness drops.

It should be noted that all models of electric planers are equipped with special holders. Having fixed a knife in such a holder, it is relatively convenient to sharpen it on a conventional grinding block. In the process of sharpening, the state of the blade surface is visually controlled: the working edge must have a mirror surface.

After finishing work, the surface of the grinding wheel or bar should be thoroughly cleaned of grease.

There are always a lot of tools in the workshop of a home master. How to sharpen a planer so that it is always in working condition? Every master who has a hand or electric tool should learn how to do this.

Carpentry tool for planing wood in the form of a wooden block with a wide blade.

Why do you need manual sharpening

The performance of any planer depends on the correct sharpening and installation of its knives. The knife is installed in its place and extends through the slot. Through it, chips are removed during the operation of the planer. How to determine that the time has come to sharpen the planer knife? To do this is quite simple: you just need to look at the cutting edge. On closer examination, a thread-like strip is visible on it - it is a sign of blunt knives. Observe the geometry of the blades when sharpening them. You can sharpen knives by hand, but these days many craftsmen use special machines and fixtures. The simplest device is a wooden block to secure the knife. Sharpening in this case is done manually. The bar adjusts the angle of sharpening. General form a hand planer knife is shown in image 1. A knife fixed in a fixture is shown in image 2. When sharpening, a silicon carbide wheel is usually used, the sharpening angle is 30 degrees. Sometimes it may differ from this size. A knife prepared for sharpening is shown in image 3.

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Sharpening planer knives on the machine and their adjustment

Electric planer knives are consumables.

In most cases, when sharpening a planer, a special machine is used. Learning how to sharpen a tool on it is quite simple - just read the instructions. Such equipment includes the Tormek machine (image 4). It is equipped with a powerful engine, has low speed, can sharpen a tool for a fairly long period of time. High purity and precision of sharpening provides water cooling of the knife edge.

A common type of hand planer is its electric version. His knives are consumables. There are usually 2 of them. They are mounted on a special drum and remove the top layer of wood on the workpiece. These products are made from a special grade of tool steel. They lend themselves well to sharpening. For some models, they are made of tungsten carbide, which is particularly durable.

The angle of the planer should be sharpened at an angle of 45 to 60 degrees.

Knives differ in their shapes. They are:

straight;
rounded;
curly.

Interskol and Baikal planers are of very good quality compared to other manufacturers.

Adjust the blades if necessary. For adjustment, the fixing screws are loosened, then the adjusting screws are turned in different directions until the knives take their place. After that, it remains to fix them. New electric planers most often come adjusted from the factory. They can be used immediately. But the settings must be checked periodically, because they can change when the blade meets a knot or a nail. After adjusting the plane, they check it on an unnecessary bar or board.

The Baikal and Interskol planers have very reliable and durable blades. They are slightly wider than other models, their thickness is also somewhat larger. They are sharpened in the usual way. The sharpening angle is approximately 30 degrees. In order for the planing quality to be high, the cutting edge should not have any burrs. To do this, sharpened knives need to be edited using a grinding wheel. The piece of iron is installed in the fixture and moved from one side to the other. The pressure on the wheel or touchstone should be minimal so as not to overheat the part. Thanks to this manipulation, the knife will receive a special sharpness.

When finishing with the use of various kinds of whetstones, water, oil, and kerosene are used as a coolant. If the touchstone has a different structure on each side, then the coarse-grained side is used first, then the fine-grained one. The touchstone must be washed periodically so that it does not become salty.