Processing the foundation with bituminous mastic with your own hands. How long does bituminous mastic dry

- This is a black homogeneous liquid, which is a solution of petroleum bitumen (their softening point is not less than 80 degrees Celsius) in organic solvents. The primer contains no foreign inclusions or inhomogeneities. It does not contain toxic solvents such as toluene.

Bituminous primer greatly facilitates waterproofing and roofing work. It allows you to reduce the time of work and improve the quality of waterproofing.

Kinds.
There are two types of bituminous primer: ready-to-use and concentrated. Before use, the concentrated primer (concentrate) must be diluted with one of the organic solvents (kerosene, white spirit, gasoline) 1:1.5 or 1:2. This allows you to save on its use, during transportation and storage. There is no need to carry out any preliminary procedures with the finished primer, except for thorough mixing. It is completely ready for use. This primer is very easy to use. The absence of the need to prepare a primer from a concentrate significantly increases the speed of work.

Application.
Bituminous primer is used for priming surfaces (concrete, reinforced concrete, metal, asbestos cement, wood, porous materials) during waterproofing and roofing works. At the same time, it can be used as an independent waterproofing product, as well as in combination with other built-up and self-adhesive roofing materials.

In particular, a bituminous primer is used to prepare for waterproofing work:

foundations for flat roofs

foundations,

Underground structures and structures,

bridge spans,

Surfaces of metal pipelines.

The product is widely used to protect metals from corrosion.

The primer can be applied on concrete, cement-sand and other rough surfaces. A dusty, porous, uneven surface is treated with a bituminous primer using nylon brushes or brushes. This application method guarantees good impregnation foundations with a primer, as well as high adhesion with waterproofing materials. Priming surfaces with a bituminous primer will significantly extend the life of waterproofing materials.

For gluing rolled materials using a primer on the surface of concrete, reinforced concrete slabs, as well as the seams between the individual elements, are completely primed. Each subsequent layer of roll material can be glued only three to four hours after the previous one has been glued. Rolled materials are glued with an overlap (at least 100 mm), while avoiding cross-gluing. The glued web is well rolled with a special cylindrical roller.

Qualitative characteristics.
Bituminous primer has a number of excellent performance qualities:

high adhesion,

Fast drying

No stickiness

waterproofing qualities,

・Heat resistance

Prevents corrosion processes

It is used as an adhesive mastic for gluing rolled materials,

Can be used in winter

· Possesses water displacing properties.

Provides high adhesion of the substrate to the waterproofing material. At an average temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, the surface treated with a bituminous primer dries in 12 hours.

If necessary, the product can be used in winter, provided complete cleaning work surface from snow, ice, dirt and fragile elements of the previous coating. Before work, it must be dried, and they themselves roll materials warm in a warm room with an air temperature of at least 15 degrees Celsius throughout the day. Device work roll roofing with the use of a bituminous primer can only be carried out if the outside air temperature is at least -20 degrees.

Working conditions and features of storage.
When performing work using a bituminous primer, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation premises or work fresh air. The material is suitable for work if its temperature is above 10 degrees Celsius. If necessary, the work surface and the primer itself can be slightly warmed up. In this case, the primer must not be heated above 40 degrees, and the surface should not be primed near an open flame. When working with the primer, wear protective clothing and goggles to prevent material from coming into contact with the skin and eyes.

Shelf life is 12 months at air temperature from -20 to +30 degrees Celsius. Store the primer in a dry place away from direct sunlight.

The HimTorgProekt company brings to your attention bituminous primers of high quality (concentrates and ready-to-use).

Bituminous primer belongs to the class of primers that

mirhat.ru

How to work with bituminous mastic. Application methods

Bituminous mastic is an innovative building material that has high waterproofing and astringent properties. It consists of minerals, bitumen and organic matter. Affordable price and good results ensured its wide application in construction.

How and with what to dilute the mastic.

Substances used for dilution:

1. White Spirit;
2. Petrol;
3. Kerosene.

Proportions should be strictly observed, which depend on the volume of mastic used. Otherwise, this will lead to a slow drying of the solution and, as a result, to the loss of its protective qualities.

Methods for applying mastic.

There are two methods for applying mastic: cold and hot. cold way, in turn, is manual and mechanized. The first method is suitable if the object is small, and the second is used when the work area is large or hard-to-reach places need to be processed.

For the manual method, large paint brushes, flute brushes are ideal for such work. In addition, you can use a roller with a short nap.
At mechanical way the main tool is an airless sprayer with a pressure of 150 bar.

Bituminous mastic. Consumption per m2.

When installing and repairing soft roofs consumption rates will be different and depend on the type of mastic:

• BIM - 8 - 10 kg/m²;
• bitumen in briquettes - 4-6 kg / m²;
• bitumen-rubber - 2-5 kg ​​/ m²;
• bitumen-polymer - 2-5 kg ​​/ m²;
• hydroelastic - 3-5 kg/m².

For sealing joints and seams:

• Germabutil-2M - 0.3 - 0.5 kg / linear meter;
• BK Fix - 0.3 - 0.5 kg / running meter;
• bitumen in briquettes - 0.5 - 1 kg / linear meter;
• hydroelastic - 0.3-0.5 1 kg / running meter.

Protection of metal coatings from corrosion:

• bitumen-polymer - 0.5-1.5 kg / m²;
• bitumen-rubber - 0.5-1.5 kg / m²;
• bitumen in briquettes - 0.5-1.5 kg / m².

For waterproofing the foundation, we take 2 - 4 kg / m².

How long does the mastic dry?

The average drying time is 1 - 3 days and depends on such factors:

• temperature environment;
• air humidity level;
• the thickness of the applied layer;
• exposure to direct sunlight;
• surface material.

This mastic is an excellent option for treating your roof or foundation. Don't forget the importance of good waterproofing. And then your house will serve you for many years.

How to work with bituminous mastic. Video.

o-repair.com

Bituminous mastic for waterproofing

The construction world is full of varied designs and styles, innovative solutions and inventions of high performance materials. That's what it does modern house safe, environmentally friendly and with a long service life. The main problem that developers have to solve is the impact of external factors on the building. The most pressing issue is protection against the destructive effects of moisture and waterproofing of buildings. High humidity, climatic phenomena, groundwater can have a negative impact on almost all Construction Materials, including metal fittings. As a result of the absorption of moisture by concrete, its integrity is destroyed, which leads to the development of fungus, mold, which can harm human health. But the most negative consequences can be from the contact of moisture with metal structures - corrosive processes resulting from the ingress of liquid on the metal can destroy the integrity of the entire structure. The leader among all means of protecting buildings from moisture is bituminous mastic for waterproofing, which will be discussed in this article.

Advantages and disadvantages of bituminous mastic

All types of insulation have their own operational and physical and technical characteristics, application features, pros and cons. Choosing suitable material, it is necessary to take into account all these data. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of using bituminous mastic for waterproofing in more detail.

Advantages:

• The high elasticity of the mastic promotes excellent adhesion between it and the surface of the processed material. Thanks to this, the building structure is reliably protected from contact with moisture and erosion, which is a consequence of such contact.
• Prevention of the occurrence and development of the process of corrosion of metal structural elements, which allows to extend the service life.
• Penetration of mastic into pores and filling of cracks.
• Protection against the appearance and development of pathogenic microflora - mold, fungi.
• Due to its elasticity, during the long service life of the building and during its shrinkage, the waterproofing layer remains intact.
• The speed and ease of application of this coating makes it possible to carry out waterproofing work independently. These works do not require special skills, the main thing is not to leave even small gaps in the surface untreated.
• The possibility of replacing the adhesive composition with bituminous mastic when installing waterproofing material in rolls.
• The correct selection of mastic for waterproofing will allow you to work with it at almost any temperature.
• Affordable cost and economy of use.

Flaws:

• The process of solidification of bituminous mastic for waterproofing takes a long time. In this regard, it is necessary to postpone subsequent processes for a certain period of time.

Important! This is not a big drawback, since a well-designed work plan will allow you to do other processes at this time.

• Poor quality mastics can dry out and crack over time. You should carefully choose a waterproofing material, starting from its cost.

Varieties of mastics for waterproofing

There are many criteria according to which mastics can be divided into types. When buying a material, carefully read the instructions, which indicate the technology of application and information about its composition. Let us consider in more detail by what criteria it is possible to divide bituminous mastics for waterproofing.

Application technology

The main varieties of mastic according to the application technology are hot and cold.

hot

There are many brands of such mastics in the distribution network, the main condition for their use is the obligatory heating to a certain temperature. This liquid mastic for waterproofing differs in heat resistance - there is Maximum temperature to which the composition must be brought so that it can be used as an independent waterproofing or as an adhesive for rolled material.

Hot compounds are mainly used by professional builders. When working with such material, it is required to strictly observe certain process technology and safety regulations in order to avoid injury. If you have no experience with hot mastics, contact a specialist or use cold bituminous mastic for waterproofing.

Important! This type of coating material is mainly used in regions with severe winters.

Cold

Cold applied waterproofing compounds can also be found various brands. Before use, the material does not require special preliminary preparation, you just need to mix thoroughly.

Important! When working in cold weather, some types of mastics need to be heated to certain temperatures. To carry out such work, you should choose only quality materials that are produced by trusted companies.

Solvent

To bring the mastic to a more liquid consistency, you should use only the solvent on the basis of which it was produced - these can be organic solvents or water.

Number of components

On sale you can find mastics of two types - one-component and two-component.

One-component

To use this type of waterproofing, you just need to mix the composition thoroughly and apply it to the wall surface prepared for processing.

Two-component

Before using such waterproofing, it is necessary to combine the two components in certain proportions. The composition should be prepared immediately before use, as it quickly hardens. In this regard, and you need to work with him quickly. The two-component mixture in the closed state has a longer shelf life and high durability in operation.

Important! The high cost and complexity of use does not contribute to the widespread use of such a composition.

hardening

According to the state of solidification, those are distinguished that remain in a semi-solid state or solidify completely.

Composition of components

Depending on the components that make up the mastic, you can find a varied number of mixtures, we will consider them in more detail.

Bitumen-mineral mastic

As part of such bituminous mastic for waterproofing, you can find cement, asbestos, limestone, chalk, dolomite or quartz, crushed into a fine powder. The mass of these components is not more than 20% of the total mass of the composition. Also, such a mastic includes a plasticizer in an amount of at least 5%.

The plasticizer in cold mastics is lakoil or an oil solvent. It does not harden in air, withstands various hydraulic, vibrational and mechanical loads without damage.

Important! It is better to use such mastic for waterproofing parts of the foundation in a recess.

Bitumen-rubber mastic

Fine synthetic rubber or rubber powder, which is part of such a rubber compound for waterproofing, in combination with petroleum bitumen, makes the mastic more elastic. The plasticizer is a special mineral oil and mineral fillers. The composition is made on the basis of an organic solvent.

Commercially available dry (in powder form) bitumen-rubber mastics. Before use, they must be poured into a container, put on fire and heated to the temperature indicated on the package. The consumption of such mastic, depending on the thickness of the layer, is 1.5-2 kg per square meter.

Important! This mastic is one of the most affordable, the service life of the coating is 15-20 years.

Bitumen-rubber mastic

A reliable, dense and elastic protective coating against moisture will be provided by a bituminous mixture for waterproofing with rubber, which has a good viscosity. Like the previous species, it is diluted with a solvent if necessary. Each layer dries from 6 to 12 hours. Depending on the thickness of the applied layer, the porosity of the base, the temperature and humidity of the environment, the consumption is 0.75-1.5 liters per square meter. For education quality coverage and better adhesion to the surface to be treated, it is recommended to moisten the structure a little.

Important! When working with rubber mastic, it is not necessary to treat the base with a primer.

Bitumen-polymer mastic

Water-based bitumen-polymer mastic for waterproofing contains one or more modified polymers. Polymer compounds perfectly protect building structures from moisture, and are also a good protection of premises from the penetration of radon from the soil. Drying time - 6-8 hours.

Important! The absence of organic solvents in the composition, as a result of strong odors, makes it possible to use such a mixture not only for outdoor processing walls, but also for interior work.

Bitumen-latex mastic

Like the previous view, this is a water-based composition. Synthesized in the industry rubber - latex, has improved characteristics. On sale there are single-component formulations that are used cold. They can be used in frosty weather without heating.

Preparation of surfaces for applying a waterproofing layer consists in treating them with a primer. To do this, it is enough to dilute the mastic in water in a ratio of 1: 1.

Bitumen-oil mastic

Frost-resistant mixture, ideal for processing any materials. Such waterproofing can be carried out inside and outside recessed structures.

The mixture should be diluted with white spirit, gasoline or solvent. The consumption of the composition is from 1 to 1.5 liters per square meter.

bituminous primer

This mixture has a more liquid consistency and is designed to prepare the surfaces to be treated for the application of the main layer of mastic. It is prepared by dilution, depending on the base, to the desired consistency with water or a solvent.

It can be applied to the surface with a brush, roller or from a special spray gun. After application, allow to dry for 1-5 hours, depending on the base.

Requirements for waterproofing mastics

A durable and durable coating can be obtained if the purchased mixture meets the following requirements:

• Examine the label, paying attention to the date of production and all the necessary characteristics.
• Homogeneity and absence of foreign inclusions. They can create air bubbles and weaken the moisture barrier properties of the material.
• The composition should be easy to apply and elastic.
• The absence of toxic components in the composition that can release substances harmful to humans.
• The heat resistance of the composition for waterproofing the foundation must be at least 70 degrees.
• For good gluing of rolled sheets or adhesion to the base, the mixture must have high adhesion.
• Any bituminous mastic for waterproofing must be completely waterproof.
• The waterproofing layer after hardening must constantly maintain its physical and mechanical characteristics throughout the entire period of operation. Pay attention to the operating temperatures indicated by the manufacturer.

The basic methods of applying waterproofing

Creating a protective waterproofing layer is not difficult, but this process takes a lot of time.

First stage

Before starting work, carefully inspect the surface for cracks, and if there are any, they must be repaired:

• Flaws in the foundation, if necessary, are tightened with metal ties, which consist of reinforcing strips 3-5 mm thick or staples with a diameter of 10-12 mm.

Important! This procedure is mandatory, because if this is not done, moisture will destroy the concrete, getting deep into the wall, waterproofing will be useless.

• First of all, cracks and depressions need to be expanded as much as possible. Small cracks are first filled with a deep penetration primer, and then filled with a sealant that is intended for outdoor use.
• To close up big crack, first you need to fix the tightening elements, treat with a primer and then fill it with a concrete-adhesive or concrete mortar for the entire width and depth.
• It is recommended to first reinforce the brick foundation with a metal mesh, apply plaster, and only then proceed to insulation work. Such processing should be carried out on the entire surface of the foundation.

Second phase

The next step is priming the walls with a bituminous primer. The primer consists of a solvent and bituminous mastic for waterproofing. This mixture can be bought ready-made or you can mix these two components yourself in a 1: 1 ratio.

Important! This process is necessary to strengthen the surface and bind dust residues on the wall surface, which creates a good basis for applying the main waterproofing layer.

The primer fills small cracks and pores, creates a smooth waterproof surface, eliminates excessive absorption of the treated material, and as a result, reduces the consumption of the main composition.

Work features:

• The primer (primer) is convenient to apply with a brush or brush, as it has a liquid consistency.
• For the comfort of work, the tool can be mounted on a long handle.
• Apply the primer evenly on the surface to be treated and leave to dry for 3-12 hours.

Third stage

After the primer dries, apply a layer of the selected bituminous mastic for waterproofing. Multiple layers can be applied.

Important! Four layers of waterproofing, alternating with fiberglass, protect the walls from any moisture, and are also an additional reinforcement of the surfaces. Such waterproofing is called heavy.

Using a trowel or wide trowel, apply the waterproofing to the surface and spread evenly across the wall.

Important! Each layer of the applied material should dry well, be sure to pay attention to the packaging, which indicates the time required for this.

Other nuances:

• It is also possible to use bituminous mastic for waterproofing for gluing roofing material. To do this, after applying the primer, a layer of mastic is applied. For better adhesion, it is recommended to warm up the mastic layer before gluing the roofing felt sheets.
• Cover the dried, treated foundation walls with thermal insulation material before carrying out subsequent construction works. This material will protect the waterproofing coating from damage.

Work with bituminous mastic in winter

When carrying out work in winter, when the ambient temperature is up to 30 degrees below zero, use bitumen-nairite mastic. The following recommendations will contribute to the successful implementation of waterproofing work:

• If the work does not involve the use of roofing material and mastic acts as the main material for insulation from moisture, the treated wall surface should be heated to positive temperature. To do this, you can use heat guns or gas burners.
• Preparation of mastic for use should take place in a warm room, located at a short distance from the work.
• During fog, snow, rain and high humidity waterproofing work is not allowed.
• In cases where there is a great need for waterproofing in the winter season, it is recommended to equip special structures - greenhouses. This is a structure made of metal or timber, which is erected at the work site and covered with plastic wrap. Inside such a building, heating devices are turned on. With the help of greenhouses, it is possible to achieve heating of the foundation to a positive temperature. In the process of heating waterproofing mixtures, electrically heated mixers should be used.

Important! Do not use open fire to avoid creating hazardous conditions for the life and health of workers.

In winter, the waterproofing process is a little different. In the place where the greenhouse is installed, all layers of mastic are applied, then the greenhouse is transferred further and already on next section all waterproofing work is done. Such processes are called capture work.

Important! With the onset of the warm season, you should check the results of the work carried out in the winter. All identified defects must be corrected immediately.

footage

You have the basic information you need to know about working with bituminous mastic for waterproofing. By following our recommendations, the work will not cause much trouble.

serviceyard.net

Types of bituminous mastic for waterproofing, quantity calculation and application

A house built with love needs protection, and, above all, from moisture. The quality of waterproofing directly depends on how long the foundation and roof will last. Among all the variety modern materials there is one that provides sealed seamless water protection even in hard-to-reach places and on difficult surfaces at an affordable price - this is bituminous mastic.

Today, bituminous mastic is a “cocktail” of natural bitumen (one of the products of oil refining) and synthetic modifier components that increase the service life of the coating, adhesion to the surface and ease of application. It is suitable not only for waterproofing surfaces made of brick, concrete and wood, but for puttying irregularities, filling cracks, gluing roofing material, membranes. Mastic has such obvious advantages as high elasticity, the ability to adhere to almost any surface, the absence of cracks and breaks for a long time, and resistance to aggressive environmental influences.

Types of mastics

Modern mastics from various manufacturers, based on bitumen, differ in the properties and composition of additives. Main groups:

• bituminous mastics - a traditional inexpensive material,
• rubber-bitumen mastics - a coating with increased elasticity and resistance to external influences,
• bitumen-emulsion mastics - designed for pre-treatment of surfaces before waterproofing, also called "primers" (you can read about them here), they differ in a more liquid consistency,
• bitumen-polymer mastics - compounds with artificial rubber additives, plasticizers, solvents that increase the service life and quality of the coating.

According to the method of application, mastics are divided into cold and hot. For coating with hot mastic, its preheating is required. gas burner or in a special tank, the advantage of cold mastics is that they do not require this time-consuming and dangerous operation. However, heated mastics penetrate faster and deeper into the pores of the processed material, they can be recommended in cases where increased protection is needed and heating equipment is available.

There are one- and two-component mastics. The first are already completely ready for application, they only need to be thoroughly mixed immediately before use. The latter require the addition of an active composition, after which they begin to quickly harden. The advantage of two-component mastics is a longer shelf life - over a year, while for single-component mastics it is significantly less.

Bituminous mastic, intended directly for waterproofing, has a sealant in its composition, which, after hardening, forms a dense protective layer. It may also include antiseptics and herbicides to further protect the building from mold.

Bituminous mastic is the most popular in the domestic market. Russian manufacturers, as well as Italian and Polish teams.

Quantity calculation

When purchasing bituminous mastic, it is worth taking into account that its consumption varies greatly from brand, manufacturer and, most importantly, from the material and surface porosity. On average, it is 250 g / sq.m. Mastic is applied to improve waterproofing in two layers. Before buying, you should clarify whether it is necessary to pre-apply a primer under the mastic, as well as its additional dilution with solvents.

Waterproofing with mastic

Bituminous mastic is applied quite simply without the use of special equipment. Previously, the surface is thoroughly cleaned of debris and dust, completely dried, although now there are mastics that are allowed to cover a wet surface. Mastic can be laid on the old bituminous coating, if it has retained its integrity, metal constructions with traces of rust. Sharp protruding edges and edges are dangerous for the integrity of mastic waterproofing, therefore, before work, you must make sure that they are absent and remove all sharp protrusions.

If necessary, apply 1-2 coats of primer or primer in advance using a roller, brush or sprayer.

For cold mastic, a wide flat brush or roller is sufficient, or a wide spatula for thicker compositions. It is possible to apply mastic in bulk with subsequent leveling, the main thing is to monitor the uniform thickness of the coating. The layers must be solid, the stripes must be parallel to each other. If the mastic is applied to a vertical surface, then this is done from the bottom up.

External waterproofing of the foundation and basement is carried out by applying 2-4 layers of bituminous mastic with a total thickness of 2 to 6 cm, reinforced with a reinforcing mesh. The thickness of the coating depends on the depth of the foundation and the level ground water. For walls, 2 layers are enough. A new layer of mastic is applied only after the previous one has completely dried. Drying time depends on the composition of the product, temperature and humidity of the environment. The dried layer stops sticking to the hands. Violation of this rule may lead to delamination or poor adhesion of the mastic to the surface.

Properly applied mastic will protect the foundation, basement, walls and roof for 20-50 years.

masterim.guru

Working with bituminous mastics and primers in the winter season: features and tips

Many are sure that working with bituminous mastics and roofing materials
impossible in winter.

This is not entirely true. Everything is possible. O roofing materials we will discuss in a separate article, and
while we will stop on bituminous mastics.

Indeed, it is difficult to work with mastics at low temperatures.

Bitumen thickens and hardens, starts to crack and, in addition to problems with
carrying out work, there is a risk of losing the properties of the mastic itself.

The most frequent work carried out in winter period- it's a pad
communications, which is more related to the need for
repair work in case of accidents.

Often, to save money when carrying out such work, they take the cheapest
mastic from those on the market, but in winter this saving becomes
even more conditional, since the labor costs for its preparation for use can
exceed the savings. In this case, the ideal option
use will be MBI mastic, which is produced with used oil in
as a solvent. Bitumen-oil mastic is less prone to hardening when
low temperatures and feels great at sub-zero temperatures,
because it is non-drying.

Ant-Snab does not abandon its clients in difficult situations and gives a number of
recommendations for working with bituminous mastics in winter:

1. In winter, all mastics must be heated, be sure to open before that
cover. If you have the opportunity to store closed buckets of mastic in
heated room, it will probably be possible to do without heating.

2. You need to correctly calculate the amount of bituminous mastic before starting
works. It is not only about the total number, but, as they say, "for now",
to open as many buckets as needed and use them immediately.
It is undesirable to leave open buckets in winter.

3. If after heating, mastic or bituminous
primer all
still seem thick, they should be diluted with white spirit, kerosene, gasoline
or nefras to the desired consistency. As we said before

We hope that this information will be useful for you and the work will be
completed with high quality and on time.

Yours, Ant-Snab

ant-snab.ru

Processing the foundation with bituminous mastic with your own hands

Carrying out the construction of the foundation, you need to take care of its waterproofing. If you do not protect it from moisture, then its destruction will gradually occur. As a result, the building will fall into disrepair. To ensure reliable waterproofing of the foundation, it is recommended to use bitumen. It is sold in hardware stores in the form of mastic. Its consumption is very economical, while it will be possible to perfectly protect the base of the house from moisture for many years.

Before treating the foundation with a water repellent, you need to walk on the surface with an antiseptic.

The main advantages of bituminous mastic

The treatment of foundations with bitumen has become widespread, because such a waterproofing material has many advantages. The most important advantage is that the mastic is highly elastic. Thanks to this important characteristic, the material provides reliable adhesion to the surface protected from moisture. As a result, after drying, the bituminous mastic does not crack. It remains intact for a very long time.

Another advantage is the low cost. Thanks to this, it will be possible to perform waterproofing of the foundation with minimal cost, which will reduce the cost of building a house as a whole.

The use of bituminous mastic provides the following results:

A properly insulated foundation protects the waterproofing of the house, as well as reducing heating costs in the winter.

• suppression of the occurrence of foci of corrosion;
• effective protection of the building structure from moisture;
• increasing the service life of building elements by several times, while maintaining their full functionality.

The mastic itself is a composition of a homogeneous mass. Its main components are modifiers, solvent and bituminous base, which is a by-product of oil refining, remaining after the extraction of fuel oil, diesel fuel, kerosene and gasoline. In addition, the composition of the mastic may include antiseptics and herbicides.

A wide range of bitumen is offered for waterproofing foundations. Finding the right composition for your requirements is easy.

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Technology for applying bituminous mastic

Processing the foundation with bituminous mastic should be carried out in several stages. It is necessary to strictly follow the technology, then the result will meet expectations.

Bituminous mastic is great for waterproofing the foundation.

The following will be required for waterproofing work:

• Bulgarian;
• building hair dryer;
• cement mortar;
• soft ground;
• primer;
• mastic;
• brush or roller;
• putty knife.

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Stage 1: surface preparation

It is necessary to start waterproofing with bituminous mastic from the preparation of the base. It is necessary to pay attention to its surface. If it is noticed that she has a large number of shells and bubbles, then it will need to be wiped with fine-grained cement mortar, which is prepared from special dry mixes. If you do not carry out such work, then the freshly applied layer of mastic will begin to burst. As a result, the waterproofing of the foundation will become of poor quality and will need to be done again.

The presence on the surface of the base of the so-called scallops, which have sharp protrusions, is also unacceptable. They will need to be removed. To do this, you should take a grinder with a suitable nozzle and walk it along the base. At the same time, you will need to process the corners of the foundation. They must be cut in the form of a chamfer or they can simply be rounded slightly (radius from 3 to 6 cm). Where there are transitions in the horizontal to the vertical surface, fillets (fillets) will need to be arranged, they will provide the required smoothness for pairing the elements.

To reduce the consumption of bituminous mastic, it is necessary to prime the foundation surface.

After carrying out such work, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the foundation from dirt, dust and construction debris. Then you need to take care of reducing the humidity of the waterproofed surface. This is where a hair dryer comes in handy. They will need to dry the entire foundation. If this is not done, then the mastic may swell and subsequently peel off completely.

To be sure that the surface of the foundation is sufficiently dried, a simple test can be carried out. Should be taken polyethylene film(1x1 m) and put it on the prepared base, after which it must be left for 24 hours. If after this period condensate does not appear under it, then bitumen can be safely applied, but if it is present, then it will be necessary to dry the surface more thoroughly.

For decoration homemade cake not enough imagination and artistic taste. We need knowledge that will help preserve beauty, avoid unpleasant surprises when, before serving a treat, it turns out that the decor has lost its shape. One of the most popular ways to decorate cakes is to decorate them with fondant figures. The features of this material allow you not to limit yourself in choosing colors, and its plasticity makes it possible to mold almost any figure. You just need to know how to dry the mastic so that the figures do not “float”, retain their shape, and also do not become covered with cracks. It is best to dry the decor elements in a ventilated, dry area at room temperature. To avoid dust, the figurines can be covered with a dry paper or cloth napkin. When drying large figurines from mastic, cracks may form. This is due to the fact that a large amount of material cannot be dried evenly. Thinking about how to make a baby out of mastic should be done in advance, because it will take about a day to fully dry. To avoid the appearance of cracks, large figures can be made from smaller fragments with subsequent gluing, or filler can be used, wrapping it with mastic.

It happens that you need to dry the jewelry faster. Friends or relatives called, asked to help organize a home celebration, and now you need to think about how to make swans from mastic, and most importantly, how to dry the resulting figures faster. Rolling out the material on a board dusted with plenty of starch can help with this problem. The resulting figures dry noticeably faster. Powdered sugar works a little worse, used in the same way, however, it also speeds up the drying process. When creating multi-colored figurines, you can make them from ordinary white mass with subsequent coloring, however, in most cases, housewives seek to learn how to make colored mastic, and are molded from already dyed material.

If you need to dry the mastic very urgently, you will have to resort to technical means. Skill is required to use them: at first there is a risk of spoiling the figures with an unnatural drying regime, but in emergency cases a hair dryer or fan may be the only way out of the situation. When figuring out how to make an orchid from mastic, you need to take into account the time that will be left for drying the product. If you have to dry the flower in emergency mode, the petals should not be rolled out too thin. If the craftswoman is not limited by time frames, then it should be taken into account that the flower turns out to be the more beautiful, the thinner its petals are rolled out. This pattern applies to almost all colors made from mastic. In conclusion, it should be added that not only the drying mode is responsible for the safety of the figurines. Thus, the risk of moisture and damage to the mastic decoration increases when the cake is transferred from the refrigerator to a hot room with high humidity. The resulting condensate can negate all the work. To avoid this, you need to serve the cake right before the tea party. If the cake recipe involves abundant impregnation of cakes, it is recommended to install mastic decor on an “insulating substrate”, the role of which can be played, for example, by a layer of butter cream.

The time after which the work surface treated with mastic is ready for full operation depends on various conditions, which, one way or another, affect the drying of bituminous mastic. The drying rate of the mastic also differs significantly depending on the various additives and the bases of its production.

It is necessary to list those external factors, the independent impact of which affects the fact that how long does bituminous mastic dry:

• The thickness of the layer of mastic applied to the treated surface;
• Ambient temperature and the level of its fluctuation;
• The level of air humidity;
• Presence or absence of exposure to direct sunlight;
• The type of material from which the machined surfaces are made.

The curing and acceptance by the mastic of the final consistency depends on the rate of evaporation of the chemical solvent that is contained in the composition of this waterproofing material.

Manufacturers of building bituminous mastics declare average drying time from one day to 3. Various technological features in the manufacture of this material affect this period.

Ways to speed up the drying of mastic

In practice, there are cases when the lack of time for construction work does not allow a long wait for the mastic to dry. In this case, experts resort to fairly simple, but effective ways speeding up this process.

So, for the rapid evaporation of the solvent in the composition of the mastic, when it is applied, notched trowels are used. The layer of mastic applied in this way, due to the presence of grooves, and consequently an increase in the evaporation area, dries much faster without significant loss in the quality of the result.

After applying the mastic to the surface to be treated, it is necessary to isolate the place of work from possible ingress of moisture on the surface and protect it from mechanical damage. This will ensure uniform drying of the layer without differences in its thickness.

In the case of processing objects or surfaces that are not on outdoors, and indoors, you can apply various systems forced heating (heat guns, heaters, etc.), which will significantly speed up the drying process of the mastic. However, in these cases, it is important to follow the fire safety rules and to exclude as much as possible the possibility of people being in this room, since the emitted vapors can cause significant damage to human health.

It should be noted that the duration of drying of the mastics can also be affected by the shelf life of this material in the package.

Drying time of various types of mastics

Despite the fact that bituminous mastics are produced according to uniform state standards, drying times may vary.. This indicator, in addition to the external factors described above, can also be influenced by the presence of various bases, additives and impurities in the composition of the mastic. For example, bituminous mastic, which is used mainly in the automotive repair industry, has a shorter drying time, which can be from 12 to 24 hours. Bitumen-rubber mastic brand "Universal" has a longer drying time - 24 hours.

One of the most popular brands of waterproofing mastics "Gidroizol" dries 24-48 hours after application. Mastics of the TechnoNIKOL trademark harden in 24 hours after surface treatment.

Tips for beginners on working with sugar mastic.

TIPS FOR WORKING WITH MASTIC

Why sometimes through the coating of sugar mastic, the base begins to shine through?

Any kind of sugar paste that is used to cover the cake is very sensitive to moisture, so it is necessary to protect the cake covered with sugar paste from moisture.
First, it is necessary to use dry biscuits, butter cakes or purchased biscuits as a base.
Secondly, do not be too zealous when soaking the cake with sugar syrup or liquor.
Thirdly, the cake covered with sugar mastic should be stored in tightly closed airtight boxes or plastic bags.

How long can a cake covered with sugar mastic be stored?

If the cake is wet, then it will take longer for the cake to dry.
If the cake is very dry, then there is a danger that after two days the mastic with which the cake is covered will warp.
It should also be borne in mind that in a dry and hot climate, the shelf life of a cake covered with mastic is less than in a cool and humid climate.

Why does sugar paste break?

When rolling out sugar mastic, it should be borne in mind that its thickness should not be very thin. It is enough to roll out the mastic to a thickness of 2-3 mm.
In addition to the fact that during the coating of the cake, thinly rolled mastic can tear, under the thinly rolled mastic, all the irregularities of the base of the cake are visible.

On what basis to roll out sugar mastic?

There are several options for rolling mastic.
1) sugar mastic can be rolled out on a table sprinkled with powdered sugar or starch
2) it is convenient to roll sugar mastic between two large sheets of polyethylene, which are lubricated with vegetable oil.

The advantage of the second method is that it is not necessary to separate the mastic from the polyethylene to cover the cake. After the mastic is rolled out to a thickness of 2-3 mm, it is enough to remove the top sheet and transfer the mastic on polyethylene to the cake, and only when the mastic already covers the cake, separate the polyethylene from the mastic.

With this method, I did not get a smooth surface of the mastic, because I used thin polyethylene, which, when rolled out, moved out and formed wrinkles. But I liked the resulting “structured” surface of the mastic, so I did not take thicker polyethylene.

I think the polyethylene that is used for greenhouses will allow you to get smooth surface, since it is dense enough not to form wrinkles when rolling mastic through it.

How to make sugar fondant on a cake sparkle.

To make the sugar fondant on the cake shine, after you have finished decorating the cake, cover the fondant with a 1:1 solution of honey and vodka.
To do this, take a soft brush and, wetting it in the solution, apply a honey-vodka solution to your creation. After a few minutes, the vodka will evaporate and your cake will be shiny.

How to store mastic and how much?

Any sugar mastic can be stored for several days, up to a week, in well-closed plastic bags or plastic containers.

There is nothing to spoil in sugar mastic, it is important just to protect the mastic from air so that it does not dry out and from moisture so that the mastic does not get wet.

A few tips when working with mastic from "Marshmallow"

1. When buying sweets, their name does not have to be "Marshmallows". It is enough that the name contains a combination of "..mallows.." or "..mallow..".
For example, "Chamallows", "Frutmallows", "Mallow-Mix", "Mini Mallows", "Banana Mallows", etc.
In Russia, marshmallows are produced by the Nestle company - "Bon Pari, tutti-frutti soufflé" and "Bon Pari, soufflé".
2. Powdered sugar for mastic should be very finely ground. If sugar crystals are caught in it, then when rolling, the layer will tear.
Depending on the type of candy, powdered sugar may be required much more than indicated in the recipe, so she needs to stock up in advance in large quantities.
If during kneading the mastic remains sticky for a long time, then you need to stir in and mix in the powder until the desired consistency is obtained.
3. Mastic coating should NEVER be applied on a damp base - on impregnated cakes, on sour cream etc. Mastic quickly dissolves from moisture.
Therefore, there must be a "buffer layer" between the mastic and the cake. It can be marzipan or a thin layer of buttercream.
If an oil cream is used, then before applying the mastic, it is necessary that the cake stand in the refrigerator until the cream hardens.
4. For bonding different parts figures from mastic or for gluing decorations on a coating of mastic, the place of gluing should be slightly moistened with water.
5. When exposed to air for a long time, the mastic dries out.
Some figurines, such as flowers, cups, spoons, plates, tables and chairs, are best made in advance and let them dry well.
6. Marshmallow figurines can be decorated on top with food coloring.
7. If the mastic has cooled down and began to roll out poorly, then it can be slightly warmed up in the microwave or in a hot oven and it will again become plastic.
8. You can store underused mastic in the refrigerator (1-2 weeks) or in the freezer (1-2 months), after wrapping it in plastic film.
9. Ready dried mastic figures should be stored in a tightly closed box in a dry place. Such figures are stored for several months.
Marshmallows are often mistakenly called marshmallows. But this is not a marshmallow, although it looks like it, but it is prepared without eggs. Marshmallows are marshmallow-like candies made from sugar or corn syrup, edible starch, softened water, gelatin, dextrose, and flavorings, beaten to a sponge.

Marshmallow tastes like marshmallow or marshmallow, but more airy and viscous.

This is a souffle, which was originally prepared from marshmallow. The very name "marsh mallow" is translated as "marsh mallow", that is, marshmallow. A sticky, jelly-like white mass was obtained from the marshmallow root. Over time, marshmallows were replaced with gelatin and starch. Modern "airy" marshmallows first appeared in the US in the 1950s. They were made by Kraft. The new generation of Americans no longer knows the true taste of marsh mallow candy, only the name remains.
Small pieces of marshmallows are added to salads, desserts, ice cream, they decorate cakes and pastries. American children love to put marshmallow pieces in a cup of hot cocoa. It is also a traditional picnic treat. A piece of marshmallow is pierced on a long twig and lightly roasted over an open fire.

Marshmallows are also used to make mastic for decorating cakes and pastries.
Compound:

Marshmallow - 90-100g (one pack of marshmallows)
lemon juice or water - ~1 tbsp. a spoon
powdered sugar - ~ 1-1.5 cups

To do this, add a tablespoon of lemon juice or water to 100 g of marshmallow and heat it in microwave oven 10-20 seconds, or in a water bath, until the marshmallows slightly melt and increase in volume.
Then gradually introduce the sifted icing sugar and stir the mass with a spatula until thickened.
Then spread the mixture on a table sprinkled with powdered sugar and knead with your hands until a mass similar to plasticine is formed, which will not stick to your hands.
Mastic is wrapped in cling film and put in the refrigerator for half an hour. The finished mastic is rolled out with a rolling pin and figures are cut out or molded from it to decorate desserts.

If the layer of mastic that covered the cake is torn

And all these seams, patches can be easily removed with a wide brush, which you dip in water and “plaster” to a perfect surface, smoothing the mastic and sealing the seams and imperfections. And where there is an air bubble under the mastic, you can simply pierce it with a needle and smooth this place with your hand.

What is the best cream to use under cover?

The cake is better to align:
- oil cream
- boiled condensed milk
- ganache
- marzipan mass

In the first three cases, the cake must be removed in the cold so that its surface hardens.

at what stage is oil added to the mastic?
I added oil when I sent the mastic to the microwave.

how to knead marshmallow mastic:

The mastic should become homogeneous, dense, not porous, not sticky, plastic. If during operation the mastic becomes too elastic and hard, it should be slightly heated in micro, rumpled with hands, or if it is overheated, knead it in powder and work on. If the mastic begins to crumble, you can add a little water or lime. juice and knead again.

A little about the batch itself. I read a lot of tips on how to make marshmallow mastic. I am categorically against the complete melting of marmosets and stirring them to a homogeneous mass. I heat them up, wait for them to swell and immediately pour them into sahs. powder and knead. If they are overheated, the mastic will be grains and crumble. And one more thing, when marmyshkas are very hot (actually melted) when sugar is added. powder she (powder) begins to gather in lumps Pts. dense and these lumps then interfere with work ...

how to cover a cake evenly with fondant

There will be no wrinkles on the sides if you roll out the mastic with a large margin and when you start to cover, the mastic will stretch well under its weight and lie flat. Only the cream for leveling under the mastic should be very good. well cured so that dents do not appear during coating.
when I cover the cake with mastic, I have at least 10-15 cm in stock around the entire circumference. That's when she has weight and she can pull off. First I smooth out all this stock on the table so that it lays down without wrinkles, and then the sides of the cake are easily smoothed out. And then I just cut everything in a circle with a pizza knife, leaving 0.5 cm in reserve (otherwise the mastic can rise).