Aphids are not only green, if you see small dark gray or greenish-brown insects on leaves and stems in your garden and beds, know that this is a black aphid. She happens different types, for example, there is viburnum aphid. Or black cherry. All of them are very harmful to plants, so you need to
be sure to fight black aphids.
You will need
tobacco dust;
- ash;
- clay;
- lime;
- a solution of washing powder or soap.
Instruction
Black aphids, as well as green ones, are very afraid of pollination with pure ash or mixed with tobacco dust. Therefore, try to process small bushes with such a composition. But it will be difficult to get rid of black aphids with this method, because they are tall.
You can fight black aphids on cherries, viburnums and plums like this. Pour several times under the root with soapy water after washing. It can even be water with washing powder. The aphids will be gone in a few days. She certainly will not like the juice of the processed trees.
To prevent black or green aphids from appearing on plants in the garden at all in the summer, carry out prevention. This is a mandatory whitewashing of tree trunks with a solution of lime and clay. Take 2-3 kg of clay and 1 kg of slaked lime for 10 liters of water. Also, trapping belts on trunks help well. garden trees. You can buy them in a special store for gardeners and gardeners. When watering trees, spray directly into the crown, the water will wash away some of the harmful insects.
Note!!!
Do not use chemicals, you will destroy and beneficial insects, for example, a ladybug that destroys aphids. Therefore, it is better to deal with black aphids without chemistry.
It is not necessary to use strong chemicals to control aphids. It can leave bad consequences in its wake.
It is better to prepare infusions and decoctions of plants. It is good to use green potato tops, tobacco, yarrow, chamomile, garlic to fight aphids.
There are also very effective solutions for fighting aphids, which consist not only of decoctions of herbs.
Recipe one.
Mix slaked lime or ash with tobacco dust in a 1:1 ratio. Add 200 g of onion peel to the mixture and pour warm water. Better to do it in a bucket. Fill the bucket to the top.
This solution should be infused for about five days. After that, strain the infusion.
With this infusion, it is necessary to spray the foliage several times until the aphids disappear.
But aphids can attack not only trees. Often garden greens become the object of attack by aphids. And greens, moreover, it is not advisable to process any chemicals.
Recipe two.
In order to get rid of aphids, take one and a half glasses of wood ash, scald it with boiling water, dilute it in 10 liters hot water. Now it remains to add a tablespoon of soap and mix well. Strain and spray the greens on which the aphids have bred.
Do not wash off the solution for about a week. And then spill the greens with a watering can to wash the plants.
Recipe three.
Plants can be treated not only with solutions. There is a fairly effective dry method of processing.
For it, you need to make a mixture of ground pepper (one tablespoon), sifted ash (one tablespoon) and dry mustard (one tablespoon). That is, the ingredients should be equal. Mix the resulting mixture well. From gauze it is necessary to sew a small bag. Gauze should be folded in two layers. Pour the mixture into this bag and process the plants, gently dusting them.
After a week, wash off the powder by watering the plants from a watering can. To wash off the mixture well, it is necessary to shed at least two times, taking a break for two hours.
Black aphid. How to fight. Alexey Chatsky's advice
If we are talking about aphids in the garden: plant umbrella plants - carrots, dill, fennel, parsley and others. Thus, you will attract tireless aphid eaters - hoverflies to the garden. Arrange in the garden flower pots With wood chips- earwigs can live in them, also big lovers of aphids for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Attract birds to the garden - arrange feeders, birdhouses for them, do not ruin the nests found in the garden, birds eat aphids in large quantities.
Lavender planted in a rose garden will repel green aphids.
Thyme (savory), sown next to legumes, will protect them from black aphids.
Sow nasturtium in the near-stem circle of cherries - it will attract black aphids, reducing the load on the tree, and besides, it is easier to deal with aphids on nasturtium than on a tree.
Do not abuse chemicals unless absolutely necessary - along with pests, you destroy their enemies: hoverflies, earwigs, ladybugs, lacewings, riders, ground beetles and predatory bugs.
A balanced feeding of plants is very important - aphids prefer plants that are overfed or weak from a lack of nutrients.
In addition to proper feeding, a strong healthy plant needs right choice places of growth, a sufficient amount of light and water, good air circulation - all this is also a prevention from small parasites. It is important to loosen the soil under the plants, and it is better to mulch.
A heavy watering with liquid nettle fertilizer can sometimes drive out aphids in a few days. Plants quickly assimilate this nutritious, strengthening mixture and, therefore, through a short time become more resistant to pests.
Used sources.
Garden pests can not only damage crops and degrade their quality, but also completely destroy the crop. That is why pest control is a top priority for every gardener.
The greatest damage to the crop is caused by homoptera insects. They usually have small size, are characterized by piercing-sucking mouthparts. Such insects often accumulate in large groups. Homoptera include leafhoppers, scale insects, leaf fleas and mealybugs. But the most common pest is aphids. These are, as a rule, small sucking insects that settle on plant leaves or shoots.
There are many types of aphids: black, green, cabbage, carrot, sorrel and others. All of them cause severe, sometimes irreparable damage to the crop. In this article, we will bring to your attention a description of aphids, show you what an aphid looks like in a photo, and also tell you how to get rid of aphids in a garden.
This insect is green in color, about 2 mm long. Causes significant damage horticultural crops. The green aphid lays shiny black eggs and hibernates on shoots and twigs. During the period of swelling and blooming of the buds of plants, dark green larvae appear from the eggs. They accumulate on the tops of the kidneys and suck the juice. Then the larvae move to the underside of the leaves and to green shoots.
Recognizing what aphids look like on plants is not so easy: damaged leaves curl up and cover larvae and adult insects. The shoots stop growing, bend, their tops curl, and dry out if severely damaged. Aphid larvae grow rapidly and after 15 days turn into founding females, which create new colonies of wingless aphids. During the warm period, the aphid gives from 10 to 15 generations. At the beginning of summer, winged female settlers appear, which, scattering over land plot, lay eggs on new plants, infecting them. At the end of summer, females appear, laying overwintering eggs.
Insecticides are used to control aphids. They are treated with plants in the spring during bud break and in the summer as garden pests are detected.
What does cabbage aphid look like in the photo, and how to get rid of cabbage aphids
The cabbage aphid is a wingless insect 1.9-2.5 mm long with an ovoid yellow-green body covered with a gray-white wax coating.
Pay attention to the photo of the cabbage aphid: in females, the legs and head are brown, and the abdomen is yellowish-green.
Pest eggs overwinter on weeds of the cruciferous family and on the remains of cabbage that have not been removed from the site. Cabbage aphid larvae appear early, around the end of April - beginning of May. Adult insects and their larvae feed on plant sap. As a result, the leaves become discolored and dry, and the growth and development of the head of cabbage stops.
One method of dealing with aphids is to plant cabbage crops next to tomatoes, since the smell of tomato leaves repels these pests.
To prepare a decoction of 4 kg of tops, pour 10 liters of water, boil over low heat for 30 minutes and strain. Then the broth should be cooled to room temperature, diluted with 10 liters of water, add 40 g of rhubarb. You can spray cabbage crops with chamomile infusion at the rate of 1 kg of finely chopped leaves and flowers per 10 liters of hot water. Infuse for 12 hours, then strain and dilute with water, add 40 g of laundry soap. You can get rid of aphids by sowing dill next to cabbage crops. The first sowing is carried out simultaneously with the planting of cabbage, repeated sowing is carried out after 10-15 days.
When cabbage aphids appear, it is recommended to carry out foliar top dressing with a mixture of 0.01% superphosphate solution and 0.05% potassium chloride solution at the rate of 6 liters of working solution per 10 m2. Top dressing should be carried out when single colonies of cabbage aphids appear, as well as 8-10 days after the first treatment. Such top dressing helps to increase the resistance of plants to aphids.
Preventive measures against aphids
Thinking about how to get rid of aphids is most effective not after the pest appears in the garden, but before that. As preventive measures To combat aphids, you can use an infusion of ash and tobacco at the rate of 200 g per 10 liters of water, filling them with hot water for a day. After filtering, 50 g of laundry soap should be added to the solution.
How to deal with black aphids
Black aphids are dark colored insects. Black aphid colonies, as a rule, accumulate on the underside of young leaves and shoots, causing them to curl, and then, if severely affected, dry out.
How to get rid of carrot aphids in the garden
As seen above in the photo, this species of aphid has no wings, usually light green in color with a brown head. Winged individuals have a black chest and head, and a green upper abdomen. Aphids usually overwinter on plant debris and on wild carrots. In the spring, a new generation appears.
Pay attention to the photos of aphids of the second and third generations - they become winged, which allows them to fly to neighboring areas. Carrot aphid is also a carrier of dangerous cultivated plants diseases.
As a preventive measure, areas with perennial crops are spatially separated from the planting of dill and carrots. You can use infusions and decoctions of various volatile plants, which include white mustard, potatoes, marigolds, garlic, hot capsicum or onion.
There is an opinion that infusions of shag and tobacco help well in the fight against aphids, but this is not so. As a rule, these natural components do not rid the plants of the pest. If there are a lot of aphids, plants should be sprayed with karbofos.
In order to prevent the mass spread of aphids, it is necessary to destroy its natural reservations - thickets of wild carrots.
Plants affected by carrot aphids are washed with solutions of nicotine and anabazine sulfate or with a soap-kerosene emulsion. To prepare it, 40 g of laundry soap is dissolved in 10 liters of water and 10 drops of kerosene are added. Ordinary soapy water can also be used.
If the number of insects is not catastrophic, then you can collect them with your hands and destroy them mechanically. At rest, deciduous crops that have been invaded by carrot aphids during the season must be sprayed with a 3-5% solution of ferrous sulfate.
Garden pest willow-carrot aphid
Willow-carrot aphid mainly damages crops such as parsnips, carrots and dill. The tops of plants and leaves affected by this pest change shape, twisting into small balls.
In the winged aphid, the chest and head are black, and the abdominal part is green, with dark specks on the sides.
Wingless individuals do not have a wax coating, but are also colored green. Their body length is 2.7 mm. The eggs of this aphid species overwinter in the bark and buds of willows. In the spring, the pest feeds on the juices of its shoots and leaves. Winged individuals subsequently fly to dill, parsnips and carrots.
During the growing season of garden plants, willow-carrot aphids give several generations. Winged individuals fly back to the willow in August. Here, females without wings appear, which lay eggs. It is important to spatially fence off dill, carrot and parsnip crops from willow and other shrubs. To combat willow-carrot aphids, infusions and decoctions of plants containing phytoncides are used - such as, for example, white mustard, onion, hot peppers and marigolds.
By the time the panicles bloom, the number of aphids decreases sharply. From late July to mid-August, only small colonies of the pest are found on corn. By the end of August, the number of insects increases again. During this period, aphids move to the cobs. From the beginning of September to November, the migration of insects to winter crops begins. cereal crops and wild cereals, where wintering takes place.
The most dangerous is the damage of aphids of panicles and ears of corn, since this significantly reduces the yield of grain. Damaged leaves turn yellow and deform. Excrement excreted by aphids pollute plants, causing the development of fungal diseases.
To combat aphids, it is necessary to destroy wild-growing cereal grasses, treating them with insecticides in May-July, and performing autumn plowing in a timely manner.
Means of combating sorrel aphids
Aphids are viviparous insects. The sorrel aphid is only 2-2.5 mm in size. In autumn she lays a large number of eggs on weeds from the buckwheat family. Wintering of aphids takes place in the egg stage.
Aphids live on leaves, stems of plants, sucking juices out of them, causing significant damage. Individuals that appear in the spring can damage not only sorrel, but also rhubarb.
To combat aphids, you can use infusions, decoctions from various plant components: garlic extracts, tobacco extracts. In areas with sorrel crops, it is required to regularly destroy weeds on which aphids may lay eggs. It is recommended to spray seed plants with karbofos.
Cucumbers and tomatoes are found in almost all gardens, as they are a source of fiber and a large number of useful vitamins and minerals.
At the time of cultivation, gardeners may encounter a situation where the leaves of cucumbers curl and turn yellow, after a few days they completely fall off. Tomato leaves may even turn black.
- an insect that attacks various kinds of plants in whole colonies. There are about 4,000 species of such insects, about 1,000 of which are found in Europe. Its distribution occurs due to the fact that some individuals develop wings as they develop.
Studies have shown that one female is able to lay about 150 larvae every 2 weeks more than 20 times. That is why a lot of problems arise in the fight against this pest.
Tired of pest control?
Are there cockroaches, mice or other pests in the country house or in the apartment? They must be fought! They are carriers of serious diseases: salmonellosis, rabies.
Many summer residents are faced with pests that destroy crops and damage plants.
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- No addictive effect in pests
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What does an aphid look like?
As previously noted, there are a large number of varieties of such a pest.
Common signs can be:
- The length of the insect does not exceed 1.9 millimeters.
- The color can be different, the most common varieties are green and black. White and black are practically no different in their behavior towards plants - both varieties suck out the juices, after which the fibers begin to die.
- Legs are clearly distinguished, which are very small in size.
- Wintering takes place in the phase of wingless females and larvae. At the same time, they hide under the leaves, which are located near the roots. The protection of the insect allows it to withstand fairly severe frosts.
- Pest activation occurs at a temperature environment above 5 degrees. As previously noted, reproduction is active. Therefore, many recognize aphids by large colonies.
It should be borne in mind that the pest moves from weeds to useful crops almost immediately, when there is little food. Winged females can travel a long distance, the appearance of new pest colonies occurs in the shortest possible time.
white aphid
white aphid is fairly widespread. The size of the insect does not exceed 5 millimeters, most of the individuals do not have wings. It practically does not differ from other varieties, but in some cases it is hardly noticeable.
black aphid
Many are familiar with black aphid. It forms large colonies and is very noticeable against the leaves. Note that a variety of black aphids has a small body size, usually up to 3 millimeters, but winged individuals are very common.
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All gardeners and gardeners know that aphids are one of the most dangerous pests of all that attack a plant.
This insect, which reproduces very quickly, has the following kind of effect:
- Weeds are attacked first., but after a while the insect is transferred to almost all cultures.
- Aphids suck juice from plants: leaves, stems, buds - all above-ground parts suffer.
- When affected, the leaves curl, and the shoots are deformed. As a result, the growth rate slows down significantly.
- Some plants that are infested with aphids may not survive the winter. Of course, this point does not apply to cucumbers and tomatoes, but it is worth remembering that aphids can quickly spread from these plants to perennials. The defeat can lead to the fact that the plant will not give in next year good harvest. On perennials, the pest can spend the winter.
- An important point can be called the fact that the pest in question is also a carrier of various viral diseases.
- In places where aphid colonies develop, the fibers of the leaves and stems die off. Thus, even if a small area of the plant is affected, it begins to hurt, since the death of the fibers leads to the death of others.
- If the flowers are affected, they quickly wither. If flowering does not go well, then you should not count on a rich harvest. The defeat of flowers takes place at any stage of their development, aphids can appear inside and outside.
We also note the moment that in the course of their vital activity, the aphid releases a sugary suspension, which covers almost the entire surface of the plant and prevents it from breathing. The sweet liquid also attracts other insects that can harm the plant. An example is fungi - they cover the entire surface of the plant, slowing down the process of photosynthesis.
How to deal with aphids on cucumbers and tomatoes?
This is because the ants tend to the aphids due to the use of their excreted fluid in feeding their colony. Therefore, ants protect aphids, hide them in their anthills, and it will be quite difficult to get rid of the pest in such a situation.
Other important point let's call it that the aphid initially spreads through weeds, as it hibernates on them. Therefore, it is recommended to weed the beds from time to time.
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The best remedy for aphids
The fight against the pest in question can take place by using special means. Many of them can be found on sale at a very affordable price. In this case, you can use it regardless of which plant the aphid attacked.
Industrial insecticides
To combat aphids, a separate group of pesticides was created, which are called insecticides. All of them are divided into system and contact subgroups. At the same time, systemic ones are more effective, but they also have side effects. The second type, which is called contact, is effective only with prolonged exposure.
The most common insecticides are:
- Fitoverm- the product is available in bottles, the volume of which is 2, 4, 10 ml or 5 liters. The active substance that has an effect on aphids is aversectin. It turns out the active substance when processing a certain variety of soil fungus. Aversectin has an effect on nervous system individuals, after which it dies.
- Aktara- a drug whose active substance is represented by thiamethoxam. On sale you can find this drug in the form of a suspension or granules. To use the resulting solution, a sprayer should be used. Read detailed.
- Metaphos- recommendations for the use of this drug is that the weather should be calm. The advantage of this drug can be called a long-term effect.
- Arrow- a drug that can be found on the shelves in packs of 50 grams. As practice shows, one package is enough to get 10 liters of solution. The active substance, which is represented by a gray powder, is well known to almost all gardeners - it is bitoxibacillin. It contains spores of bacteria that attack various kinds of insects. As a result of exposure, insects, including aphids, become ill and lose their ability to eat, resulting in death from starvation. Complete cleansing of the plant occurs in about 10 days.
- Intavir- a drug whose main active ingredient is cypermethrin. As a rule, the concentration of the main substance is about 4 percent. The drug has a paralyzing effect, that is, it affects the nervous system of pests. It is distributed in the form of powder and tablets, which must be diluted in liquid to obtain a special suspension for spraying. The drug belongs to the group of pyrethroids. Toxins of this kind are found in the flowers of various plants. When using such a preparation, it is possible to significantly increase the plant's resistance to various pests without damaging it. Intavir has effectively proven itself in the fight against pests on cabbage, for example, with.
You can buy aphids at almost any gardening store. Some are relatively inexpensive.
Folk remedies
As noted earlier, there are many different folk methods that can be used to control aphids. Processing cucumbers with folk remedies for aphids allows you to reduce the likelihood of damage by these insects without harming the plants.
The most common methods of struggle can be called:
- wood ash used quite often in combination with laundry soap.
- Tobacco infusion, which is represented directly by tobacco and shag, is prepared by using 1 liter of water and 40 grams of dry raw materials. It is recommended to insist this kind of components for 2 days, after which 1 liter of water is added again.
- Onion and garlic tincture can also be used for pest control. For this, 500 grams of garlic and a little onion are cut, everything is poured into a jar of water and infused for at least 5 days.
- Dandelions – effective remedy from aphids on seedlings, which is prepared by using 600 grams of fresh leaves and 400 grams of crushed roots. They should be soaked in a bucket and kept for 3 hours, after which the product can be used.
- Celandine also has properties that allow you to slow down the development of aphid colonies. The preparation of such a folk remedy is carried out by using 300 grams of dried leaves, which are infused during the day in a bucket.
- yarrow can also be used as a folk remedy. Preparation is carried out by using dried leaves, which are infused in water for several hours.
- horse sorrel can be used in the manufacture of decoctions. Like many other remedies, this one is prepared by using leaves that are infused in water.
- Tops of tomatoes can also be infused in water.
- potato tops added to water, infused for several hours, applied several times to increase efficiency.
When choosing a folk remedy for aphids in the country, it should be borne in mind that folk remedies in most cases can act as a preventive measure. This is due to the fact that they have the proper effect only after prolonged use. Therefore, if the pest attacked suddenly and began to infect the crop, it is best to use chemicals.
Prevention of the appearance of aphids
They quite often hide aphid eggs in their anthills and, with the onset of heat, they begin to move them to the leaves, and then take care of the colonies. That is why many specialists recommend initially dealing with ants, and only then deal with aphids.
At that moment, while the aphid colony has not yet grown, they can also be removed mechanically. However, it is worth remembering that one female can lay more than 2,000 eggs within a month with little or no fertilization. Therefore, if small colonies of aphids are observed, it is better to treat with a chemical preparation or folk remedy.
Ladybugs fight quite effectively with the insect in question. Therefore, when using chemicals, care should be taken to ensure that they do not affect ladybugs.
Conclusion
Summing up, we note the following points:
- Aphids can cause the death of the entire crop.
- The insect tolerates winter well and, after a short development, can spread from plant to plant due to the appearance of individuals with wings.
- Even a few larvae or adults can be called the reason for the implementation of preventive measures, since reproduction is very fast.
- Large ant colonies that appear suddenly may indicate the likelihood of aphid colonies developing.
- Pest control can be carried out effectively using special preparations or folk remedies. However, it is worth remembering that drugs completely kill pests only after a week, folk remedies for a month. During this time, cucumbers and tomatoes may suffer so much that they will die in the future.
That is why you should look under the leaves from time to time. If you identify the pest at the time of twisting and drying of the sheets, then the only effective method the fight can be a mechanical collection, after which special preparations or folk methods are used.
Aphids are considered among summer residents one of the most malicious pests.
They settle on leaves, stems and roots, they crawl and fly, and wherever they stop "to stay and feed" - the plants begin to have big problems.
What is dangerous aphid
Leaf aphids quickly weaken young plants by sucking out their cell sap. At the same time, it also secretes poison, due to which the leaves curl, deform and die, the shoots stop growing, the tops are bent. Sweet secretions (natural excretions) pollute the leaf surface, disrupt the normal life of plants.Through saliva, aphids can infect plants with harmful viruses, which can cause extensive damage, especially in gardens or professional rose gardens. When the aphid colonies become too large, the leaves and young shoots wither and die.
Aphids cause the greatest harm to young fruit trees.
Aphids can produce up to 50 generations per summer
If you do not use any special techniques against this pest, aphids in a completely natural way, without straining, giving up to 50 generations over the summer, will cause significant damage to any, even the most well-groomed summer cottage. Not without reason, only in the northern hemisphere, about 450 species of leaf aphids are among the most significant in agriculture, forestry and gardening.
The aphids must be fought
It is extremely difficult to fight aphids: it multiplies rapidly and incessantly. Therefore, we must try to get rid of it faster than it will save us from the harvest.
What to consider in the fight against aphids
We repeat, before rushing at the enemy, we need to understand where this problem “legs grow from” in order to properly, wisely approach the fight against the pest.1. Where and why do aphids appear?
The aphid feeds on the sap of the plant, piercing its skin with its proboscis. Old hard leaves are too tough for her, she needs the most tender leaves and buds. This means that the likely sites of damage are the youngest parts of plants. Simply put, the tops of shrubs and the underside of the leaves. Therefore, our task is protect young shoots and leaves.Creative and "kitchen" methods of dealing with aphids
Sometimes the most common product can be the perfect pest control product. And the ingenuity of our summer residents is sometimes simply admirable.- Vodka Russian ordinary
- Coca Cola (American)
- Sprinkling with essential oils and cream
- Washing with a suspension of sunflower oil with water
- Milk and iodine
- Fumigation with tobacco smoke
Fumigation of trees and bushes with smoke has long been used by our grandfathers and great-grandfathers to save plants from short-term. Today, gardeners are expanding the "smoky" range.
Some suggest using such far ambiguous methods as smoke from burning rubber, windshield wiper and even cleaner gas stoves . Of course for fruit crops such methods are completely unacceptable. Whether to use them on ornamental plants - everyone decides for himself. If you want to experiment, see how the author of the following video fights aphids:
Let's move on to the list of allies)
repeller plants
With their phytoncides (volatile odorous substances), they repel aphids. These are herbs with a pronounced smell - and, onion and, and, and, Dalmatian chamomile and, as well.
Basil repels aphids
The enemy of aphids is a ladybug
To lure hoverflies to the site, it is advised to plant them. Hoverflies do not destroy aphids, they feed on daisy pollen. But the larvae of hoverflies in large quantities absorb aphids that are nearby. Therefore, inviting hoverflies to the dacha, you will not lose.
Ground beetles will choose nightshade and, and lacewing will prefer cool shady places covered with fern thickets for breeding.
You can arrange flower pots with wood shavings in the garden - earwigs, which are also not averse to eating aphids, can live in them.
In addition, ladybug and lacewing larvae can be purchased at specialized garden centers (or ordered by mail), and then released on your site.
Birds
What is especially pleasing: aphids are prey for many small birds. They feed it to their chicks. Willingly eat aphids:- sparrows;
- Chiffchaffs;
- willow warblers;
- tits;
- kings;
- wrens;
- robins-robins;
- hemp.
But! If you have already decided to attract beneficial insects and birds to help, you will have to completely abandon the use of pesticides on the site!
Birds willingly feed on aphids
Aphids settle on plants and begin to suck the juices out of them, forming necrotic patches.
One - a single individual will not cause serious harm, but the problem is that small pests multiply rapidly and form numerous colonies. In this regard, various steps need to be taken.
The larger the aphid population, the more plants perish because of their activities. Some species even classified as a quarantine pest such as grape phylloxera. How different types of aphids look like, you can look at the photos posted in our article.
Other varieties form galls and other pathologies of plant development.
peach
Two subspecies are known - large peach aphids and greenhouse (aka tobacco and green) aphids.
Big
The founder has a rounded brownish-gray body, up to 5 mm long. The head is black with short antennae. There are two tubercles on the abdomen and chest. The male is the same color but smaller. Wings are missing.
The winged virgin is distinguished by a shorter body length - up to 4.5 mm, the color of the head and chest is black, the back and abdomen are gray and brown. The wingless virgin has a gray pear-shaped body, covered, like the head, with black spots. The legs are bright yellow and orange.
Eggs are orange at first, which gradually darkens and turns brown. After a few days, it darkens, the eggs become black.
- Steppe regions and Crimea.
- Prefers fruit and nut trees - cherry plum, peach, almond, apricot, plum.
- Features of development and life cycle. They have a single cycle of development. Large clusters of eggs are sent for wintering, located on inside large branches and under the bark of the trunk. In April, larvae appear and begin to feed actively, going through a development cycle to an adult within a month.
From the founder, 50-80 larvae appear, from wingless virgins on average - 30. The third and subsequent generations reproduce very intensively. Winged virgins appear in the middle of summer and begin to actively scatter to other trees, forming more and more new colonies.
If no action is taken, aphid populations will completely cover all the trees in the garden by August, nesting on the inside of leaves and branches. During the season, 8-10 generations of the pest are formed. Males are born in autumn and fertilize females to form overwintering eggs.
- What harm does it do? By sucking the juices from the trees, aphids cannot completely destroy the plant. However, its activity weakens the protective forces of the tree, which leads to the development of various viral diseases.
In addition, it gives way to sooty fungi that settle on the sweet secretions of aphids. Outwardly, the fungal invasion is manifested by black wet spots.
Green or tobacco peach
The founder has an oval body, greenish - yellow color, sometimes with a pink tint. In length reaches no more than 2.5 mm.
A wingless virgin of smaller sizes, the body is painted in pink, green-yellow or light brown. green color. The eyes are red, the antennae are light and short.. The average length is 1.5 - 2 mm.
The winged virgin differs from the wingless one, the main color of the body is yellow-green, the head and chest are black. The wings are colorless and transparent.
Eggs are elongated, elliptical in shape. The color is black with a metallic sheen.
- Geographic distribution. North America, Asia (especially Japan, China and India), Eastern and Western Europe, Southern Urals.
- On what plants does it occur? A very illegible species that lives on peaches, cherry plums, plums, tobacco, cabbage, cucumbers, eggplants, potatoes, peppers, radishes, dill and parsley, lettuce and many other plants, including greenhouse crops and medicinal herbs.
- Features of development. Development is fully cyclic or incompletely cyclic (during life in greenhouses). Founder larvae emerge from overwintered eggs in March-April. The air temperature must be at least 20°. They begin to feed on the kidneys. Development to a sexually mature individual from 18 to 28 days. The founder gives about 30-60 offspring eggs. Maximum magnification population is observed in the middle of summer. Up to 12 generations can develop per season. Eggs spend winter on the basis of the kidneys.
- What harm does it do? The most significant damage is observed on young shoots and various vegetable crops, as well as tobacco. There is a twisting of the leaves, wrinkling, the appearance of dried areas. Very much harms the flowers, which as a result dry up and fall off.
Potato big
The wingless virgin has an oval body pointed at the back. It is colored red or green. The length is not more than 4 mm. The antennae and tail are long, in body color.
The winged virgin is small, up to 3.5 mm long. The body is light green, the legs and antennae are chestnut.
- Geographic distribution. Almost everywhere. Originally appeared in North America.
- On what plants does it occur? As a polyphage, it is omnivorous, but prefers potatoes, tomatoes, cabbage, beets, as well as greenhouse and indoor plants.
- Features of development. incomplete development cycle. Reproduction is only parthenogenetic.
In spring, wingless individuals appear and settle on the inner side of leaf blades of forage crops. Wintering occurs on weeds and in the soil or in warm rooms.
During the season there is a constant change of wingless and winged generations. All other forms are missing.
- What harm does it do? This type of aphid can spread about 50 varieties of viral diseases.
apple green
Egg - light greenish, gradually darkens until it becomes black. The founder has an oval body with a sharp posterior end. Colored green, head reddish or chestnut.
The wingless virgin is very similar to the founder. Smaller winged virgin, has a green belly. Paws, tail, chest and head are black.
The amphigonian female has no wings, the body is colored yellow with brown or green tint. The tail and ends of the antennae are black. The male differs from the amphigonal female only in smaller sizes.
Read about the fight against aphids with folk remedies.
rose green
All forms and stages of development are not very different from each other. Any individual has an elliptical green body, brown long antennae, sword-shaped elongated tail.
- Geographic distribution. Lives almost everywhere.
- On what plants does it occur? In addition to roses and wild roses, aphids can settle on strawberries, pears and apple trees.
- Features of development. It goes through a full cycle. Overwinters on branches in the egg stage. Founders average about 80 eggs each. In greenhouses and greenhouses, it breeds all year round.
- What harm does it do? The growth of bushes is inhibited, the leaves curl, the buds do not bloom, weakened plants do not tolerate the winter cold and the attack of viruses.
leaf gall
Wingless females have an oval body, dyed yellow or pale green. Antennae long, dark. Winged females are much smaller, have a pair of transparent wings. The body is brownish brown.
- Geographic distribution. Everywhere.
- On what plants does it occur? White, red and black currant.
- Features of development. Full cycle.
- What harm does it do? Sucking the juices from the leaves, it forms galls on them - swellings of burgundy or yellow color. Young bushes are most damaged, the population is capable of destroying the plant.
To protect plants, you can use aphid control.
Beet or bean
Egg - black, elliptical. The founder and the wingless virgin have an oval body, widened on the sides.
It is colored brown, black or green, covered with a coating resembling wax. In winged individuals, the head, antennae and chest are black, the abdomen is lighter.
- Geographic distribution. Europe, North America, Central Asia and Transcaucasia.
- On what plants does it occur? Prefers beets, jasmine, euonymus, beans, poppy, viburnum, spring vetch, sunflower and potatoes.
- Features of development. Alternation of generations throughout the growing season of fodder plants, the last generation mates and lays overwintering eggs.
- What harm does it do? The leaves wrinkle and curl, the plant is inhibited in growth and may die. Carries various viral diseases.
Cucumber (melon)
The elongated body with a sharp posterior tip is painted in different shades of green. Antennae and legs are black.
Melon aphid photo. 
- Geographic distribution. Everywhere.
- On what plants does it occur? Melons, cucumbers, beets, cotton, tobacco, peanuts, sesame, citrus, eucalyptus.
- Features of development. Parthenogenetic reproduction, development is incompletely cyclic. During the season, several generations of asexual virgins change. Fertility - 40-50 individuals from the female.
- The harm caused. This variety is one of the most harmful. Causes very great damage to plants due to high fecundity.
cabbage
It has a wide oval pale green body, short dark antennae.
Cabbage aphid photo. 
- Geographic distribution. In almost all countries, in Russia it is absent in subtropical regions.
- On what plants does it occur? It lives mainly on cruciferous plants, especially likes radish and cabbage.
- Development. In a warm climate, development is incomplete, in other areas - a full cycle. During the season, from 6 to 30 generations appear.
- What harm does it do? Massively multiplying, sticks around the whole plant, which leads to death.
grape phylloxera
The body is oval, the color is yellow or brown. Antennae and proboscis are very short.
- Geographic distribution. Viticulture areas in Europe, North America, Africa and Asia.
- On what plants does it occur? It lives only on all types of grapes. The leaf form does not settle on pubescent varieties.
- Development. Root and leaf forms go through a full cycle. One leaf female is capable of producing up to 500 eggs. During the season, up to 9 generations are replaced.
- What harm does it do? Phylloxera is a quarantine pest. Galls appear on the roots, deformation on the leaves. The population is capable of completely destroying the vineyard.
Carrot
The elongated oval body is pale green in color, the antennae are short and light, as are the legs.
- Geographic distribution. Everywhere.
- On what plants does it occur? On carrots and other umbrella plants.
- Development. Full life cycle.
- What harm does it do? The leaves curl, the nutrition of root crops deteriorates, therefore the quality and quantity of the crop suffer.
Poplar (poplar) white
Individuals have an oval body of white or yellow color. Winged females are only white.
- Geographic distribution. Central Asia, Western Europe, Iran, Western Siberia.
- On what plants does it occur? On black, pyramidal and other types of poplar.
- Development. Full cycle.
- Maliciousness. Drying of buds, twisting of leaves, weakening of trees, especially young ones.
Hermes
The founder has a black shiny torso. Subsequent generations are covered with white fluffy hairs.
- Geographic distribution. Everywhere where there are coniferous trees.
- On what plants does it occur? Any conifers, especially spruce, pine, larch and cedar.
- Development. Incomplete. During the season, 4-5 generations appear.
- Maliciousness. They disrupt the development and fruiting of trees, weakening the protective abilities and reducing the decorative effect.
Mealy (hairy)
The wingless female has a pinkish-cream body, oval shape. Numerous bristles are located on the sides. The whole body is covered with a snow-white coating resembling flour.
A winged female differs from a wingless female only in the presence of wings.
- Geographic location. Everywhere.
- On what plants does it occur? Prefers citrus fruits, grapes, most indoor and greenhouse plants.
- Development. The female can lay up to 2 thousand eggs, from which larvae soon appear. They are mobile and spread over all the surrounding plants, sucking the juice out of them. At home and in greenhouses, development and reproduction is continuous.
- Maliciousness. Deformation of branches and stems, drying and falling of buds and leaves, inhibition of development, weakening of the protective qualities of plants.
Root
The body can be painted yellow, white or green, the shape is egg-shaped. Head, antennae and thorax brown. The whole body is covered with a whitish-yellow coating. wax-like.
- Geographic location. Everywhere.
- On what plants does it occur? Almost everyone.
- Development. Wingless females hibernate in the soil. In the spring, larvae are born from them. They subsequently give birth to offspring. During the season, several generations and stages of development are replaced.
- Maliciousness. By sucking juices from adventitious lateral roots, the pests disrupt the normal supply of nutrients to the plant.
As a result, it weakens, cannot fully develop. If you do not take action, the fodder plant will die.
Home or room
Includes several subspecies that differ in color. There are white aphids, red aphids, and also green and black aphids.
- Geographic location. Everywhere.
- On what plants does it occur? Almost all indoor flowers.
- Development. Full cycle. Reproduction is parthenogenetic and periodically mating of amphigonal individuals. They do not go to wintering, they develop all year round.
- Maliciousness. Leaves, shoots and buds wither and dry up, fall off. Plants stop developing, gradually die.
Conclusion
Aphids can be classified according to the preferences of forage plants and habitat. In this way, garden aphids, flower, garden and vegetable aphids stand out.
Garden aphids live on fruit trees and berry bushes, causing severe damage to garden plants. This order includes many species of insects that have a variety of colors. The life cycle is most often complete, with a change of different generations. The difference lies in the number of generations and the number of offspring.
The flower aphid prefers flowers and ornamental plants living in flower beds, front gardens, in a flower bed.
Garden aphid settles on various garden plants - vegetables and herbs. The only exception is any kind of onion and garlic.. In nature, there is no onion aphid, since the phytoncides contained in plants repel insects. This property is often used in the fight against aphids., spraying with onion and garlic infusions is used. For information on how to deal with aphids, read the material "The best folk remedies for dealing with aphids and".
Plant aphid - the concept includes all types of aphids known at the moment. This insect is classified as a herbivorous pest.
Certainly, it is impossible to describe all varieties of aphids in one article because there are a huge number of them. However, we have tried to collect all the most common types.
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