How best to install a split system. How to install a split air conditioner yourself

The main tasks of climatic equipment are the supply of cooled / heated, purified air inside an apartment, house, office and other premises. This is especially true with the onset of the warm season (cooling), off-season (heating). The main thing is that the device does its job well. The high-quality, efficient functioning of the climate system largely (up to 80%) depends on professionally organized installation. By following certain rules for installing an air conditioner, it is possible to extend the life of the equipment, enjoying its flawless operation every day.

Indoor split system unit above the bed

Air conditioner. What's this?

Increasingly, on the facade of the house you can see the outlines of the external unit of the air conditioner. The use of climate equipment has long become the norm, its sales are gaining momentum, the model lines are replenished with enviable constancy. But what is this unit, commonly called the word "air conditioner"?

As a rule, by this concept, the majority means precisely split systems, consisting of two parts: an indoor unit designed for installation indoors, and an external one - on the facade of the house. These are the most popular options for climate equipment, which have become such due to an acceptable balance of price-quality-functions.

The blocks are interconnected by pipes with freon, electrical wires, forming a well-coordinated working system for cooling, heating, air purification inside the living space of an apartment building, a country cottage. A split system is just a variety among other air conditioning devices (monoblocks, chillers and fan coil units, cassette, channel, column devices, central systems, etc.).

When purchasing equipment, it is necessary to decide, of course, on the model, functional equipment, design. But in addition, it is important to take care of the professional installation of the system, because its further high-quality work, duration of service life, and the level of comfort created depend on it.

Rules for installing the indoor unit

Indoor unit above the door

The indoor unit is that part of the split system, the design, the functional improvement of which is given great attention. And not in vain, because it is located indoors, one might say, it is the "face" of the climate equipment.

The installation of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is subject to many requirements that are designed to organize it in the most qualitative way. We list the basic rules for installing the indoor unit of a split system used by specialists:

• Installation of the device is best done before or after repairs in the room. So you can lay communication paths in the most convenient, less costly way.
• It is necessary to observe strictly marked distances to the nearest walls, ceilings: at least 10 cm to the ceiling, at least 10 cm to the walls, taking into account the fact that from the device to the communications exit point - at least 50 cm.
• It is impossible to install windows behind curtains, in niches. This will limit the cooled air flow, it will circulate only through the space of the window opening.
• It should not be installed above high chests of drawers, cabinets (minimum - 1m). The airflow will also be limited by the obstruction, and the dust accumulated on the furniture will enter the room.
• Cannot be installed above elements of the heating system. Temperature sensor inside the device will constantly detect a high temperature, prompting it to continuously work in cooling mode. This will lead to rapid wear of parts, failure of the climate system.
• Arrange in such a way that places of rest, work, frequent stay of people are outside the direct cooled air flow.
• The climate device must be located strictly horizontally to avoid accumulation and then overflow of condensate from the drainage tank.

Rules for installing an external element of a climate device

External block of the climatic split system

Strict regulations also determine the installation of air conditioners on the facade of the building. Factors such as:

• Mounting fasteners are installed with a margin of safety, 2-3 times the weight of the device. Mounted with anchor bolts.
• The outer surface of the building must be smooth and durable. Fastening to a dilapidated wall is excluded. The vibration force will loosen the mounts, and the unit may fall.
• When installing air conditioners on the facade, it is necessary to take into account its finish. If it is insulated with foam, or a ventilated facade is designed, you must make sure that the fasteners are mounted to the wall itself, and not to the facade finish.
• There must be a distance of at least 10 cm between the wall and the climate device, and at least 10 cm from any object at the top of it. This is ensured natural circulation airflow around, allowing it to cool in time.
• Fasteners are carried out taking into account further unhindered access for maintenance.
• It is placed strictly horizontally in all planes in order to organize the correct free movement of freon along the cooling circuit.

Scheme of installation of the external unit of the split system on the facade of the building

• From the ground, the location is not lower than 1.8-2 m, preferably in a protective crate.
• When installing on the upper floors, it makes sense to think about placing the system on the roof of the house. This will avoid calling industrial climbers. It is important to remember that the maximum distance between the elements of a split system is 15 m.
• It is recommended to install on unglazed balconies, loggias, which will significantly protect the climate device from mechanical damage, unfavorable atmospheric conditions.
• Installation inside a covered balcony is highly undesirable due to insufficient air flow convection, which is so necessary for the external element of the split system.

The rules for installing air conditioners on the facades of buildings are general, applicable to all split systems to the same extent.

Rules for the installation of communications

When installing the air conditioner correct installation the route for the cooling circuit is given considerable time, which is due to factors:

• The maximum distance between the blocks is 30 m. At a distance of up to 5 m, all properties of the coolant are preserved. The greater the distance, the greater the losses.
• The connection of copper pipes must be tight, the freon supply system is insulated as much as possible to avoid gas leakage, which will reduce the performance of the climate system, up to its failure.
• It is best to drill a route in the wall for the cooling circuit. Communications will be hidden, which will preserve the aesthetics of the room. If the repair has already been made, the pipes are closed with a plastic box. At the same time, it is necessary to provide access to the connections for service maintenance.

Minimum distance

• The freon pipeline must not be kinked so that the coolant circulates freely.
• For the climate system, it is recommended to carry out a separate electrical cable with a separate switch in the shield to relieve the load on the general power supply, especially if it is already old.
• All connections of electrical wires are securely insulated.
• It is best to lay the drainage tube in a separate strobe.
• It would be correct to conduct a branch pipe to sewer pipe to drain condensate.
• If this is not possible, the pipe can be brought out near the external element of the climate system, while making sure that the condensate does not subsequently spoil the facade of the building, does not fall on passers-by.
• A glass holder is installed inside the opening of the outer wall, through which connecting communications are passed.
• Refrigerant pipes, electric cable, drain pipe must be packed with foam rubber pipe, wrapped with vinyl tape.
• After fastening the outer part of the air conditioner to the facade and connecting the climate system, it is necessary to vacuum (at least 50 minutes) using special equipment. This ensures complete removal of air, liquid from the cooling circuit, excluding the appearance of corrosion on inner surface pipes.
• Be sure to conduct a test run of the air conditioner at the end of the installation work.
• It is necessary to check the device for the absence of refrigerant leakage, the presence of constant pressure inside the circuit, the timely removal of condensate. The main functions of the climate system are being tested.

Features of installing air conditioners in residential buildings

Installing the indoor unit of the air conditioner on the wall

The regulation for the installation of air conditioners in residential buildings is the same as in an apartment building. Distinctive feature- when planning the purchase of a climate device, it is necessary to take into account the availability and capabilities of the ventilation system at home.

For suburban housing, the use of multi-split systems (one outdoor unit+ several internal). Often, a central air conditioning system is used for ventilation and air purification. Also, private houses can be equipped with channel air conditioners, which is very convenient to arrange in the space of a large building.

The main condition is that the climatic equipment should not create obstacles for the operation of the main ventilation system. Their work is a harmonious, complementary functioning.

Improper installation of the air conditioner will certainly affect the quality of its work in the future. The consequences can be serious, it is often necessary to replace a faulty climate device with a new one. One of the common problems is the leakage of coolant through leaky pipe joints. Undetected in time, it threatens to damage the compressor, condenser, and other important components.

Also, the consequence of improper installation of the air conditioner on the wall of the apartment is the overflow of condensate from the drainage tank to the outside, into the room (strictly horizontal arrangement is not carried out).

Ignoring the basic rule for installing the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is fraught with its fall down. At best, it will create a lot of noise during operation.

Professional installation of climate control equipment is a prerequisite for its reliable, efficient operation for a long time.

Friends! More interesting stuff:

Air conditioning

In the past few decades, household air conditioners have firmly entered our lives and turned into ordinary household appliances, as happened earlier with other household appliances - refrigerators, food processors etc. Air conditioning is complex technical devices, the installation of which is usually trusted by specialists. However, in some cases, when the services of specialized organizations are not available, and the owner of the dwelling has sufficient skills, the installation of this unit can be done independently.

Varieties of household air conditioners

The whole variety of air conditioning systems can be divided into two main types - monoblocks and split systems.

Main hallmark monoblocks is the assembly of all components and assemblies in a single housing. Such systems include:

• Window air conditioners, in which there is a separation of nodes inside the case, while the compressor node is located on the back side and must go outside the room.

Installing a window air conditioner reduces window area

• Cases of floor or mobile conditioners are equipped with wheels for a possibility of free movement in the room. Such systems have an air duct that is led outside, outside the room.

Floor air conditioners can be moved indoors

The advantages of monoblocks are directly related to the features of their design:

• Cheapness combined with a long service life.
• Simplicity of design and operation.
• These systems achieve the highest possible efficiency.
• Rapid air cooling.
• Most modern systems are equipped with remote controls management.

Such systems are not without a number of design flaws:

• The number of possible installation options is limited (either in a window opening, or in a place where it is possible to bring the duct sleeve out).
• High noise level.
• The need to change the geometry of the window and fix complex suspension units in the case of installing a window air conditioner, which entails additional costs.
• In the case of installation in a window opening, the illumination of the room is reduced.

A design feature of split systems is the division of air conditioning units into two blocks, one of which is a compressor, which is taken out into the street. Unlike monoblocks, split systems have more varieties, but only some of them are used in residential premises:

• The most widely used wall devices when the hair dryer or indoor unit is attached to the wall of the dwelling, and the compressor in the outdoor unit is displayed on the facade. As one of the types of such systems, inverter and non-inverter models are distinguished. First alternating current is converted into a constant, which allows you to adjust the speed of the compressor.

The split system hair dryer can be installed anywhere on the wall of the house

• Floor and ceiling systems are used less often. Their highlight is the ability to install a hair dryer either under the ceiling or on the floor. Accordingly, the air flows in the first case will spread from top to bottom, and in the second - from the floor up.

Indoor unit floor-ceiling split system

• Another variety is multi-split systems. Their design provides for the presence of one outdoor unit with a compressor and several indoor units that are installed in different rooms houses or apartments.

Multisplitsystem is optimal if you need air conditioning for several rooms

The undeniable advantages of split systems include:

• Low noise level.
• The function of cleaning the air from bacteria and dust.
• The presence of a heating function in the cold season.

This is interesting: quite often, the heating function is provided by manufacturers in modern monoblock systems, both window and mobile.

• The compact size of the indoor unit, which can be mounted in a room of any size.
• Many modern systems have the function of dehumidifying and humidifying the air, which allows you to create a comfortable microclimate in the room.

Disadvantages of split systems:

• Their cost is higher compared to monoblock models.
• The need for large volume specialized works, including facade, both during installation and when the need arises for repair and preventive maintenance.

Ways to install air conditioners in an apartment

• Monoblock models of window air conditioners are currently being purchased less and less. The reason for this is a significant increase in the percentage of installation of plastic and other windows with standard double-glazed windows in dwellings. It becomes difficult to change the geometry of the window opening, because such air conditioners are installed directly in the window block so that the rear part with the compressor is outside the room. Such a system can be installed both at the bottom of the window, in which case it rests on the window sill, and at the top, using brackets to the ceiling or wall.
• Mobile fastening systems are not required. The place of their installation is selected based on the possibility of outputting a soft corrugated duct pipe outside the premises. The technical solution to this problem is left to the buyer.
• Options for installing split systems are more diverse. This is due to numerous options for the relative position of the indoor and outdoor units and depends both on the wishes of the owner regarding the location of the indoor unit, and on the technical ability to fix both the outdoor and indoor units in a specific place. Equally important is the possibility of laying communications between the blocks. The optimal solution is usually based on a scheme in which the distance between the outdoor and indoor units is minimal. This solution allows you to minimize the amount of work associated with laying communications and saves energy by reducing the heat that occurs during the circulation of the refrigerant.

Photo: the most commonly used layouts of the external and internal blocks of a split system

Cooking Tools

If the decision to independently install a split system is finally made, first of all, you should check the availability necessary tools and consumables. For complete work you will need:

• Perforator with a drill section of 40–45 mm and a length of at least 800 mm.
• A set of drills with a diameter of 6–12 mm.
• Screwdriver with a set of bits.
• Metal shears and reamer.
• Ruler, pencil and building level.
• Wrench.
• Vinyl insulation, masking tape and plastic bags.
• Brackets for mounting the outdoor unit, bolts with dowels 120 mm long.

When deciding on self-assembly, it is worth considering the degree of accessibility to the installation site of the outdoor unit. If it is mounted at a considerable height, you will have to include the rental of an aerial platform in the costs.

How to install a split system with your own hands

• At the first stage, the installation of a split system hair dryer, that is, an indoor unit, is carried out. The perforated steel panel on which it is attached is removed from the back wall and applied to the wall at the place of future installation. It is very important to make an exact leveling, after which the holes for the fasteners are marked. The presence of slopes is not allowed, as this will entail the pouring of condensate from the housing onto the floor of the room. Another important point is that the distance to the ceiling should be left at least 7 cm. Holes are drilled in the wall with a puncher, after which the plate is fastened with self-tapping screws and plastic dowels. Dowels with a section of 8 mm and a length of at least 32 mm are usually used. After hanging the hair dryer block on the latches, the horizontal fastening accuracy is checked again using a level.

The hair dryer is hung on a steel curly plate

• At the next stage, communication channels are prepared. If will be used hidden gasket, you will have to make strobes using an impact puncher. However, such a decision entails the production cosmetic repairs in the room. Therefore, at present, communications are most often hidden using a plastic box of a suitable section. With the help of a puncher and a drill, a hole is made in the outer wall to bring the power and control cables, PVC pipes for condensate drainage and freon circuit pipes to the outdoor unit. Marking is done using a ruler and a level. An important point: in order to ensure the removal of condensate, a slight inclination of the outlet towards the street should be ensured. During drilling, it is worth using a vacuum cleaner and fixing a plastic bag directly under the hole with masking tape to avoid significant contamination on furniture and walls. If the length of the drill is not enough, drilling is done from both sides. In modern houses, the thickness of the wall rarely exceeds 1 m.

The hole is drilled with an inclination towards the street

• After that, the most difficult stage begins - the installation of a street block. Since the compressor is located in this unit, it weighs more than 20 kg, and often the installation is carried out at a considerable height. Therefore, do not forget about safety measures, in particular, use safety equipment. Most often, the outdoor unit is mounted on the wall using L-shaped brackets. First, the location of the brackets on the wall is marked and holes are drilled. Then fastening is done with bolts and nuts using washers. The external unit of the split system is bolted to the brackets, while thick rubber pads are mounted under the legs to reduce vibration and noise.

The outdoor unit is mounted on L-brackets

• As a possible option, the installation of an outdoor unit on the roof of a building or directly on the ground is used. In this case, U-shaped brackets or frame metal stands are used. Such a solution can significantly increase the length of communications and is used when it is impossible to mount the unit on the wall, for example, if the wall surface materials are not strong enough.

• The next stage is the most responsible. In the course of it, the communications of the external and internal blocks are connected. First on outdoor unit the plastic protective cover is removed and, in accordance with the manufacturer's diagram, the power and control cables coming from the indoor unit are connected to the terminals using bolts. Then the length of the freon line is measured and the copper tubes are cut with a margin of 10 cm. The ends of the tubes are rolled and a chamfer is removed using a reamer. The copper pipeline is connected first to the outdoor unit, then to the hair dryer with an adjustable wrench using union nuts screwed onto the fittings in both units. Before the copper tubes are passed through the hole in the wall, vinyl insulation is put on them, the ends are insulated with tape so that debris does not get inside. A drainage drain pipe is also installed; it is made of corrugated plastic pipe PVC, which is attached to the block with plastic clamps.
• The last stage is the introduction of freon into the refrigeration circuit. First, the gas is removed from the circuit by opening the valve, followed by evacuation. The refrigerant is located in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner. The valves with which freon is introduced into the system are located there. If the length of the contour is equal to or less than the data indicated in the data sheet, the introduction of additional volume is not required. Before this operation, experienced craftsmen evacuate the circuit using a special pump with pressure gauges that allow you to control the pressure loss. These actions allow not only to check the tightness of the system, but also contribute to the maximum removal of moisture and air from the system, which reduces the load on the compressor.

Before introducing freon into the system, professionals evacuate the circuit

• Upon completion of the work, the assembled split system is checked in all operating modes. There should be no vibration, and the fans on the indoor and outdoor units should rotate. There should be no odors, drainage should remove moisture. Of course, the air conditioner must perform its functions of both cooling and heating.

Video: installation of a split system without using an aerial platform

It is hard to imagine an apartment without air conditioning. As can be seen from what has been written, even this complex technique, if necessary, can be installed independently, without the involvement of a specialist.

Today we will discuss how to install an air conditioner with your own hands, regarding the outdoor unit. Wait a minute to call the climber, let's try not to fall out of the window. In fact, the air conditioner is being started using the reserve accumulated by the system. Freon was initially accumulated by the external unit, after docking, the refrigerant is released. It is desirable to measure the temperature difference between the boiling point and the low pressure side vapor of the air conditioning compressor. The collector contains a scale for different brands of freons, provided with the necessary information (first parameter). The second is measured with your own hands ... Let's see how to install the air conditioner yourself.

The sequence of actions when installing the air conditioner

The critical part determines the location of the outdoor unit. Enthusiasts suggest equipping balconies with a box. Avoid installing an air conditioner, forgetting to evaluate future performance. The length of the air conditioner communications is rigidly set. Mount copper tubes, how much the kit gives. From the difference, the pressure of the channel will slightly change, leading to the exit of the air conditioner beyond the limits of permissible modes:

1. Too little freon pressure does not withstand regime temperatures. The cooling process of the air conditioning compressor will be disrupted, causing increased wear on the unit.
2. Excessively high pressure raises the boiling point of freon. Part of the liquid phase will enter the air conditioner compressor, causing failure.

Masters monitor the freon pressure of the air conditioner circuit, sometimes on a barometer scale, a more accurate temperature method. A manifold is connected to the inlet of the external unit to the low pressure side (thick tube), and the boiling point is found on a scale with risks. It is enough to measure the vapor temperature (tube temperature), making a conclusion about the excess / insufficiency of the freon mass. Professional craftsmen cut the tubes with a tool, roll the ends, after putting on the nuts, perform the installation in place. If necessary, copper wiring is increased by soldering.

Couplings are used - pipes of a larger diameter. There is a flaring tool for a certain length. The tube with the processed end is put on the other.

The solder seam comes out alone, doubling the reliability of the connection. It is clear that it will not be possible to flare the tube without a tool, the method of couplings is more suitable for the townsfolk. Before soldering, the ends are cleaned, aligned to avoid foreign bodies getting inside that make it difficult for the compressor to work (the equipment will simply break if a solid body gets inside).

The tubes begin to lead the inner block in the direction of the outer one, breaking through the walls in places. The junction points are isolated (as well as the freon movement path). The drain tube, the power cable of the external unit (through the internal one) come in one bundle. Copper pipes are simply wound with a given tightness, drainage pipes are overlapped, wrapped with plumbing tape (fumilent, fumlent). The electrical wire is mounted in place, behind the terminal ears. The device is powerful, it is not recommended to plug the air conditioner into a typical outlet. They lay the wire of the 230-volt network distribution panel, carry out the installation using standard methods. To the block. Try to avoid twists.

To the external unit, copper pipes are connected to the nuts according to the thickness. The high pressure side is thinner. You can find the low side service connection by looking for the thick tube. Let's look at the joint in more detail. In the lower part of the left side of the external block, a pair of L-shaped pipes. At the end of each is a lid (hex key) that hides a bronze armature (faucet). Both branch pipes are blocked in the initial state, freon is collected inside the external unit.

Vacuum tool

Evacuate the system before starting refueling. The step frees the freon path from moisture and air. Vacuum is carried out by a compressor (vacuum pump) until the pressure drops to zero. Then the device will work for some time (5 minutes), guaranteed to remove condensate, if any is stuck in the evaporator. Then you need to turn off the collector valve. It's time to carefully release the freon. First, the valve of the thin tube of the outdoor unit is opened, then the thick one. The pressure should gradually equalize, start the compressor. Freon sufficiency is assessed. The difference between the boiling point and the vapor temperature is within the range of 5-8 degrees Celsius. The difference is less than acceptable - too much refrigerant. Exceeding 8 degrees requires adding the right amount from the cylinder, controlling the temperature.

In a two-position collector, a container with freon is connected to the place of the pump. Moreover, you need to bleed the air from the connecting tube by opening the right valve of the manifold for a second. Then start refueling. Fitters Rosenberger argue: it is useful to turn the cylinder upside down, unless the freon is R22. Soldering is carried out with a silver alloy of at least 5% content, with another suitable flux. Tin with copper, any other metal, form an electrochemical pair, avoid water when operating.

Filling with freon air conditioner

As in a water heater tank, the process of corrosion will begin. Therefore, leaks are possible. Not dangerous, as in the gas industry, you just have to call the service group to refuel. Some freons are poisonous, others destroy the ozone layer. If a leak occurs, the concentration does not reach an explosive level.

Installing the outdoor unit of the air conditioner

Throwing aside climbers, lone heroes, it will be difficult for an ordinary layman to install an air conditioner on a wall. Let's watch. A typical outdoor unit fits in the middle of a typical high-rise window, from any frame you get 30 cm to the bracket. A small distance by the standards of an adult. Without effort, a man will be able to make a hole in the wall with a perforator, hammer in anchors. Difficulty can be caused by chemical anchors, under which it is necessary to thoroughly clean the hole, preceding the laying of the adhesive.

However, the techniques are rarely used. Traditional steel anchors in quantities of four or more are more commonly used. The bracket is uncomplicated, resembling the letter G. On the shelves of two parts, four bolts - two on each side - are attached to the external unit of the air conditioner. It is important to get the mounts, then the fears have the right to discard. Similarly, from the left window, the process of docking and starting the system is being carried out. Better than bending over with a key, kissing the window sill, risking falling out.

Type of installation of the outdoor unit

The standard installation under the window has one significant advantage: it is relatively easy to hoist the external unit of the air conditioner. It is difficult to tighten the bolts (stretch far), opening / closing valves is a problem. Consequently, the dismantling of rusted fasteners is not easy. Leaving without insurance is dangerous. In the case of installation between windows, the first place is occupied by the complexity of the process of placing the outdoor unit on the brackets. Residents want to cool down the apartment in the summer, a stack of outdoor units is piled on top.

It is easier to install an air conditioner on a balcony; nowhere in the legislation can one find a ban. There are rumors - because the authorities were too lazy to create an information and legal portal - it is forbidden to put an external unit on a warmed loggia! Have three windows, one directly opposite the equipment, it seems to be possible to install. Sorry for the legal confusion. Apparently, the authorities think that since ignorance of the law does not exempt from responsibility, there is no need to educate the people at all. Perhaps a fool breaks - it will be possible to file an administrative file. Don't believe? Try to find in the search engine the number of the law regulating the installation, excluding the general words about the need for coordination (on the facade). The authors quit after a half-hour study.

There was definitely a law, there are rumors: the text was canceled in 2013, the members of the forum are wondering what will be non-compliance with the norm. It is useless to ask lawyers, lawyers make a helpless gesture. The regulatory framework of the city of Moscow is more pleasing: the documents are available, but the first edition. To understand, following the amendments, where to insert new lines, it is incredibly difficult to read a fragment. Therefore, let's say: in 2007, residents were obliged to coordinate the installation on the facades of any engineering equipment What's next, God knows. Therefore, the question of how to install an air conditioner with your own hands would begin with the regulatory framework, then sort through the options. Note: the installer is not interested at all, the owner of the home is responsible.

We hope we have clarified how to install the air conditioner yourself. We recommend that the most zealous readers visit mosopen.ru on their own. The confusion and confusing interpretation of legal terms make one wonder that legality exists.

Air conditioner installation step by step video

The cost of installing an air conditioner is high. Grows in parallel with power. The question was discussed in detail, how the purpose of the mysterious letters that dotted the tables of installation companies, today let's see what the workers are doing, that installing an air conditioner with their own hands is becoming a difficult task, difficult from a financial point of view. There is a difference between the models of different firms, but not significant. That's why installing a Mitsubishi air conditioner is not much different from Samsung. It is clear that the Koreans are now promoting inverter quiet, durable motors, you should first look at the warranty. Today, washing machines, refrigerators are equipped with a 10-year warranty card. Long term, for our reasons, a good air conditioner cools longer: paid more, the cost of installation bites.

car air conditioner

We will decide where to install the air conditioner. As a first step, Samsung experts recommend ... check the markings of the outdoor, outdoor units, box for a match. If you mistakenly put the wrong block, the installation of the air conditioner cannot be started. The indoor unit is mounted on a special plate big size. However, there are some nuances here:

1. Outdoor indoor units are deprived of the right to bear the name, because they hang. The distance to the parquet should not exceed 15 cm. The upper face of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is attached mainly.
2. Cassette indoor units of air conditioners are popular due to the possibility of embedding in a suspended ceiling. It is necessary to calculate the strength of the overlap so as not to kill employees, to provide the necessary indents, an aesthetic appearance. Fastening is carried out by four threaded pins, driven deeper into the concrete on nuts through shock-absorbing washers. If the dampers are removed, the upper wall of the indoor unit of the air conditioner and the ceiling are allowed to come into contact, the level of vibrations and noise will increase, negatively affecting the working, living atmosphere, it is simply forbidden by laws and standards to make a lot of noise. The topic of damping fan devices was raised, those who wish will study the desired section.

The indoor unit hangs overhead. Calculating the height of the air conditioner is useless. The only thing is that it is necessary to maintain the distances indicated by the instructions from the walls and ceiling. When mounting the carrier plate, a building level is used to properly maintain the corners. It is especially important to strengthen the pins of the cassette block, position the assembly strictly horizontally. Fixation in the latter case is carried out with locknuts. The installation process of the wall-mounted indoor unit does not cause problems. The case is simply hung on a prepared bracket.

Air conditioner communications

Indoor, outdoor units are connected by a bundle of communications, including:

The cable is pulled from the shield of the external unit to the shield of the internal one, which has the inscribed terminals. Each ear is put on phase, ground, neutral. The cable is used for outdoor use, it costs more than the usual PVA. There is one ground wire. It was explained that the neutral wire, the earth are different things, avoid confusion, swap, close your eyes will be the wrong tactic. Conducting three phases, purchase a cable of 5 cores. The output currents add up, the nuance is taken into account when choosing a wire. If one core is thicker, they found zero (not earth). We take into account the nuances when choosing a circuit breaker, typical fuses will prevent an accident.

As for the electrics of air conditioners, typical lugs are used. If it is necessary to install a wire of non-standard length, we will increase it ourselves. The copper tube comes complete, the ends are cut off, the chamfer is removed from the inside with a suitable tool. Fastening is carried out with nuts. To flare the end, a special tool is used that bends the tube outward with a cone. After the nuts are screwed coaxially, tightened with a wrench. Use hand tools. Take an adjustable wrench, avoid gas. A typical installation of an air conditioner does not provide for any seals; the tightening force is indicated by the manual. Each tube is dressed with a jacket, preventing heat exchange, both together with a wire, a drainage tube are wound together. Copper tubes of unequal diameter, simplifying installation.

On the reverse side of the indoor unit there are branch pipes, each of its own diameter, closed with plugs. Please note: when pulling communications through the walls, the nuts dressed on the flared tubes are closed with plastic inserts so that the plaster does not get inside. The drainage tube is simply joined in tension, wrapped on top with insulating tape. Do-it-yourself air conditioning installation continues outside, where the bulky unit sometimes has to be hoisted onto a support high above the ground. Please note: despite the presence of a manual, installation will require a project. The work is carried out to make sure that the walls will withstand the load, theoretically. In practice, the designer just cuts the loot.

The distance between the indoor and outdoor unit along the communications does not exceed 5 meters. Deviation from the rule translates the installation into the category of non-standard, adding cost. The maximum length of communications is indicated by the passport. As planned, the drainage goes down to the ground, copper pipes reach the outdoor unit. In practice, they forget to do it, so the condensate irrigates the underlying objects.

Refueling the air conditioner

There are rumors: sometimes there is freon inside the outdoor unit ... I wanted more confidence, the installation manual gives an exhaustive answer, the taps are closed tightly ...

How to fill the air conditioner:

1. First, inspect the correct installation. Both nozzles have taps hidden under screw caps, avoid touching the fittings. One connector (usually thick) has an input for the refueling manifold. We attach the left hose, the central one is crowned with a vacuum pump.
2. Having opened the left valve, we pump out the air, wait until the arrow shows 0, continue for 15 minutes. Let's close the faucet. Instead of a pump, we connect a freon cylinder to fill the air conditioner.
3. It's time to remove the covers of the end valves of the outdoor unit. Under them there are nests more often hexagonal in shape, unscrewed special key(reminiscent of the armature of a folding bicycle produced in the USSR). To install the air conditioner yourself, turn the taps to the maximum. Keeping the position, we will operate, carefully return the covers.
4. Open the left cock of the collector, the valve of the filling cylinder. Refueling is carried out, guided by the mass. Although there are schemes (mentioned above) that measure the temperature difference by releasing freon from the external unit into the circuit.

Refueling is over, the calculation of the power of the air conditioner, the conversation was conducted by the portal. Representative of a small class of devices that demonstrate efficiency above 1 (much).

GOST 26963

Let's start with permission. Devices sticking around the wall of the house are coordinated with numerous organizations. First of all, the owner. A person has the right to sell an apartment, not an apartment building, many people live. Before you install an air conditioner, you will need to obtain permission, (before agreement) make sure the project is received by a certified organization. Undocumented works are illegal. Like the schedule? Some regions were bypassed by a horror story: brigades authorized by the administration are ironing the streets, dismantling arbitrarily installed equipment. If you install the air conditioner secretly, a tower will come, the product will be removed. We find it difficult to describe the return procedure, torture the lawyers harshly. In the country, some people are more equal than others, so avoid being equal to your neighbors ...

According to GOST 26963, the installation of an air conditioner is limited by the operating instructions. Really, just? You take it, you put it on, but a lot of regulations are hushed up, prohibiting the installation of an air conditioner (equally other equipment):

• if the house is an architectural monument;
• if the building decorates the facade of the central street;
• if there is an artistic value of the building ...

The list of restrictions is long, we are embarrassed to describe the difficulties, we recommend that you simply puzzle the local administration. It is required to spoil the wall of a high-rise building - it will be enough to get permission from the HOA. For example, the antenna requires the consent of 100% of the inhabitants of the house ... just. On someone else's property you can not do without permission. In practice, little attention is paid.

Now power. You know, in installation firms, the value is marked with numbers in the range 07-30. Moreover, an increase in the number raises the cost of the work to heaven. Why are people interested in installing air conditioning on their own. For example, for newly-made owners of 30 models, installer services will amount to 20,000 rubles. It is clear that a rare dude wants to pay the amount, or wants to know the direction of the flow of money. First, power. Most helplessly bite their elbows, trying to correctly calculate the parameter.

Mounter 90 lvl

There are online calculators, ready-made Excel programs that allow you to get the desired number by entering a couple of numbers. Room dimensions, number of printers, photocopiers, other household appliances. The beauty of Excel is the ability to embellish the calculations with user-defined values ​​by setting the cardinality. Readers guessed it: the cooling capacity of the air conditioner is designed to recoup the excess heat generated by appliances.

How much power is required from the air conditioner

In light of the above, before installing the air conditioner, try to assess the needs of the production of cold. Boiler power calculation programs can help. The results can be used to calculate heating, air conditioning. Heat losses go in the direction of lowering the temperature through the walls. Moreover, the value is proportional to the difference, the resistance of building structures. Procedure:

Please note that the calculation is carried out if you failed by searching for the program for calculating air conditioners. The desired figure is immediately given in BTU / 1000 (graded in the range 07-20 and above). The marking contains desired parameter so interesting to buyers, installers. Convert Btu/1000 to kW. You need to multiply the BTU by 0.2931, you get the desired figure. Calculation of heating boilers is in kW. We also mention, BTU - British thermal unit, British Thermal Unit sounds in English.

Now readers know that "seven" is equivalent to 2.0 kW, "nine" - 2.5 kW. We emphasize that the figure has an indirect connection with energy consumption. Every good air conditioner will produce more cold than it consumes electricity from the network. This is the basis for the idea of ​​heat pumps, however, regular readers of the portal should know, suggest to the authors. Explained the calculation procedure. We hope readers will help each other with links to online resources ... Visit the section on boilers, heaters, giving the right addresses in parallel with explanations of the process of using calculators.

I have not seen programs that take into account the presence of people. If the room is filled with a group, for each person we will add 100 watts of air conditioner power, how many BTUs will be, count! For gyms, we will increase the figure to 300 W, people are engaged in physical labor, which means that the air conditioner will have to sweat more. 80% of the energy expended by an athlete is generated heat.

Varieties of air conditioning installation

We want to say right away: the installation of an air conditioner can be standard, non-standard. The contents of the price lists are attributed to the first case. As for additional options, you will have to find out, simultaneously overcoming the resistance of the firm's TP. Let's say we want to put a "dvenashka", the freon circuit needs to be increased by several meters relative to the prescribed ones. Get ready to pay. Company rates vary, please inquire for specific rates.

Why is this happening. A typical air conditioner may contain freon in the outdoor unit. The valves are tightly closed. Masters choose the place of installation of the air conditioner, start drilling, gouging, pulling, twisting. Connect the input, output paths, drainage pipe throw. Before installing the external unit of the air conditioner, the craftsmen discovered that the length was exceeded.

Freon pressure is below normal, you will have to refuel - separate chores. After assembly, the master will pump out the air with a vacuum pump, then simply open the valve, allowing the refrigerant to fill the system. A certain system pressure must be maintained. In air conditioners it loses its importance, on the evaporator it does not negative temperatures, uncritically, get inside a little steam.

The sufficiency of the amount of freon is measured with a thermometer. The master opens the tap, looks at the meter readings. Performs refueling. With non-standard installation, freon may sometimes be needed. Volume is consumed along the length of the pipes. The air conditioner has a limit on the length of the freon route, the issue is discussed before purchase. The situation in the country is interesting. It seems to be written - air conditioners are installed according to the instruction manual, on the other hand, no engineering systems at home can be installed without a project of an organization that has a license (it seems possible to execute a project, for more details see government decrees listing activities requiring a license).

Therefore, in any case, you need to go somewhere. The designer will want to install. By the way, you can clarify whether there is a practice of installing appliances on the loggia. At first glance it seems silly, in winter, when heating is required, the operating conditions of the compressor will become softer. Thus, we have no doubt: most readers can install the air conditioner correctly. However, the law needs a draft, even if the drawing is redrawn from the product manual. Traditionally, they forget the water that sprinkles the heads of passers-by. Masters, cutting loot, are too lazy to look at foreign methods of solving problems. The correct path will be found by pedestrians, bypassing the pouring jets of half-slops.

Before starting other operations, install the indoor unit of the air conditioner. The box is fastened with dowel-nails and other fasteners. In standard models, power reaches the external unit, bypassing the internal one. In the west, there are often designs where power cables go separately, the compressor is turned on by a relay controlled by a signal with an amplitude of 25 volts. Installing an air conditioner in an apartment is definitely worth it, devoid of the habit of heat. We remind you that the equipment in no way replaces ventilation, so it is necessary to take a margin of power for air circulation. Before you install the air conditioner, take the trouble to carry out the calculation. Save money.

Installation of air conditioners by foreign companies

Installing an air conditioner by a foreign master

The first difference is that business class houses are equipped with air conditioners. Lost videos showing the slums. There are chic conditions for installing an external air conditioner unit. According to thematic forums, in America, construction, installation work do it under license. There is one pro for installing air conditioners per team. He is not obliged to work, he will come, look, leave, without a license, permission, work is not worth a penny. An interesting example of construction.

The external unit of the air conditioner is placed in two ways:

1. Trampling on racks a foot above the ground.
2. Not high on the wall, the outdoor unit of the air conditioner can be easily reached by two strong guys who bought a ladder or a pickup truck.

The Russian problem of permitting state organizations disappears. The problem of cities disappears. We believe the roofs are equipped with HVAC. The difference between split systems is small. Those who are interested are directed to read the early reviews of the VashTechnik portal. The first eye-catcher is communication. The American is used everywhere, the USA puts it in a more original way:

• The short tubes of the indoor unit break through the wall.
• Outside Mounted additional package, exactly to the outer block.
• Next, see RF.

Recall that the Koreans do not take out the nuts.

Rolling was missed by the operator, we believe that the tubes are cut in place. With a special tool, the ends are equipped with nuts. Communications are covered by a protective shell that prevents heat exchange with the environment. The drainage hose reaches the sewer system: culturally, it does not irrigate the heads of passers-by.

From the side of the indoor unit, it is possible to change the sidewall, from where the condensate will drain. Why it is done is hard to say. Apparently, it is more convenient to start drainage, reaching the sewer. To change the sidewall of the drain, remove the outer cover; hose, plug are interchanged. electrical wiring conducted with a 4-core cable thicker than 16 gauge.

Note. The United States has adopted the cable sizing system, thin strands correspond to a larger number. It has developed historically, mainly in the USA. The cable was rolled by a machine, passing through ever smaller holes. Accordingly, 16 gauge was operated on 16 times.

The wire supplies power, transmits control signals. A cable with a colored braid is taken, making the designations clear: the wiring of the indoor unit corresponds to the external one. Ground (GND), numbers 1-3 (phases). To carry out the installation, the shield is removed. On the inner block, a small cover is screwed on, on the right side, on the outer one - a steel ledge of the right side of the case. Power is supplied bypassing the indoor unit. We don't see any differences.

The United States demonstrates two differences against Chaliapin's homeland:

• The location of the outdoor unit, which is carefully placed, removed, terrifying methods are not invented, such as pulling the box with an automobile traction through a cable to the ground. Sometimes the whole hull is supported by four strong posts protruding from the soil by about a foot.
• The drain hose is connected to the sewer. By the way, the measure concerns the bypass valves of water heaters.

Air conditioner installation sequence

Starts racks, the installation process of the cameraman cut out. We assume typical screw piles, the rest takes too long. Concrete gains strength in 28 days. Although in this situation such an exact excerpt of the standards may not be necessary. By the way, country houses are placed on top of the pile-screw foundation. It is important during installation to avoid damage to the anti-corrosion layer of the metal. Otherwise, the rust will eat the reinforcement of the pile, the outdoor unit will fall. When assembling houses, they observe the subtleties of calculating the soil, wind load, we believe that the arguments are unimportant for the mass of 25 kg represented by the air conditioner box. If only the moles and rats would stop digging the soil.

The indoor unit is hung on a mounting plate, which must first be removed from the rear wall. In the US, houses are made of sandwich panels, screws are screwed into the walls without effort. Under communication with a thin drill is done through hole where there is no wiring. Then, with a Forstner drill, the diameter is brought to the desired one. To pass both copper pipes, cable and drain hose.

The launch process is painfully familiar to our regular readers. Routing listed in the instructions:

We add that split systems with several indoor units are common in America. A bunch of parallel pipes sticks out from the right side of the outdoor unit, a pair for each point of the evaporator room. The startup process is a little different. Is vacuuming, nitriding will last longer. We see: air conditioners harmoniously simplify the life of Americans who have settled in cottages, disfigure the streets of Russian cities, where citizens put 2-3 ingots. Figuratively speaking, the technique was introduced by Asia. In England we will also meet something similar, in New York there will be no swarm on the main streets, formed by myriads of ugly boxes.

The United States uses a variety of air conditioners called HVAC. The fundamental difference is that the fan takes air from all sides of the cubic outdoor unit, blowing it through the mesh cover. As a result, it becomes possible to install an air conditioner on the roof. The approach deprives the streets of large cities of ugly boxes stuck to the walls. At the same time, human needs are met. It is clear that the length of communications increases. Most overseas houses are planned, thanks to the scheme forced ventilation. The roofs are dotted with shafts where the blades are operating.

In our reality, every tyrant, too lazy to come up with an option better than installing an air conditioner for show. They explain by health, other reasons, they avoid buying a monoblock that allows you to plug the window with a hose. Some of the owners guess to decorate the space of the balcony with air conditioning. Yearly output if you follow the instructions.

By the way, before you install the air conditioner yourself, determine the place. Facade installation will require approval. It is not easy with balconies, the owner must fulfill certain conditions. Earlier in 2007, it was required by laws to independently install an air conditioner in accordance with the instructions. Recently, it has been recommended to go through a bunch of organizations. Rumors circulated in the spring of 2013: the law will be canceled, exactly people find it difficult to sum up the regulatory background. The rules system is confusing. Think twice before installing the air conditioner yourself anywhere.

How to install and connect the air conditioner yourself? Let's be honest with ourselves and answer this question directly, even if we are talking about a low-power household option - no way.

If you do not have special equipment (rolling, torque wrenches, a vacuum pump, and much more), the skills to work with them, then you are unlikely to succeed in doing it yourself for the first time.

It doesn't matter how many useful tips and instructions from A to Z you will read, you can still miss some subtle detail, or do the work due to lack of experience of insufficient quality.

As a result, after a certain period of time, you still have to call specialists and redo everything.

Why then this article? In order to invite an installer or a team of air conditioners, you can independently control the quality of work in the process of their implementation, and be sure that your air conditioner will work for a long time and without any problems.

Where to drill a hole for the highway

Where does work start? First of all, choose a place to install the air conditioner and mark the hole for laying interconnections.

Next, proceed to drilling a through hole to the street. For this, a drill with a length of at least 800 mm and a diameter of 45 mm or more is used.

For powerful air conditioners over 2.5kw, a drill with a diameter of 80mm may be needed.

In order to avoid the formation of dust in the room, with an economical option, a plastic bag is hung under the drilling site.

Professional installers have been using a construction vacuum cleaner for this business for a long time.

However, when wet drilling solid concrete walls, no protection and vacuum cleaners will save you.

This hole, after laying all communications through it, is subsequently foamed.

Mistake #1

Please note that for normal condensate drainage, it is necessary to drill at a slight angle towards the street.

In this case, the condensate will be discharged freely, and the water will not accumulate and mold in the drainage.

Mistake #2

Some first attach the mounting plate under the block, and only then drill.

It is not right. The fact is that when drilling in a predetermined place, you can accidentally get on the reinforcement.

As a result, the hole will have to be transferred. Because of this, the air conditioner itself inside the room will shift by several centimeters.

When choosing a place for a through hole and locating the outdoor unit on the side of the window, it is necessary to drill so that the hole ends up almost at the top level of the outdoor unit.

This will create maximum slope for the main pipes and help to avoid oil entering the evaporator.

Location of the air conditioner

The mounting plate is set strictly according to the level.

At the same time, the distance from the ceiling to the air conditioner itself must be at least 10 cm. This provides nice fence air and free installation and dismantling of the indoor unit.

For reliable fixation, use high-quality dowel-nails 6 * 40mm or 8 * 32mm.

The next step is to install the outdoor unit. Mark the mounting points for the brackets.

Again, don't forget the level.

Make holes with a 12mm drill. Then fix the dowel brackets with nails 12 * 80mm.

Fasten securely, especially if the air conditioner hangs from the side of the house where the roadway or sidewalks are located.

The distance from the rear wall of the outdoor unit to the wall of the building should be at least 10-20cm. Although a lot here will depend on the performance of the fan.

Where to place the outdoor unit, under the window or on the side, is a matter of aesthetics and ease of use.

Many simply do not like the extra meters of dangling cable and tubes hanging down the wall. In this case, the lateral position is selected.

Although competent installers and cable and freon piping can lay very beautifully. Here, much depends on the level of professionalism of the performers.

Air conditioning under the window is somewhat easier to maintain than on the side. Especially if after a few years his bolts completely rust. In this case, you can’t do without a tower or climbing equipment at all.

When installing the block on the side of the window, it will not be superfluous to play it safe. Here is the order.

Raise the air conditioner to the windowsill. You pass a rope through the drilled hole, pull it out from the street and tie it to the block.

The partner insures the air conditioner with this rope, and you install it on the brackets. Until the bolts are tightened, it is better not to untie the rope.

Mistake #3

If after installation it turns out that the vibration of the air conditioner is emitted by a strong rumble in the room (this happens when the brackets are directly mounted into concrete with anchor bolts without dowel nails with plastic inserts), then special vibration mounts or at least thick rubber inserts are placed under the legs of the outdoor unit.

Upon completion of the installation of the outdoor unit, proceed to the preparation and laying of interunit communications.

Freon line installation

For a standard air conditioner up to 2.5 kW, you will need the following materials:

• 1/4" and 3/8" copper pipe

• interconnect cable

• drainage hose d-16mm

• reinforced tape or vinyl tape

Measure the required length of the refrigerant line, leaving a margin that will go to the ring behind the outdoor unit.

Mistake #4

With a total length of the route up to 2m, measure about 1m for the reserve and the ring. This loop plays the role of hydraulic compensation and is essential on short runs.

At long lengths, the hydraulic loop creates additional resistance to freon and only interferes with the operation of the air conditioner! Although some still do it, ostensibly to reduce noise.

Expanding copper pipes

We proceed to the stage of preparing the tubes.

Mistake #5

It is allowed to cut them only with the help of a special pipe cutter, no hacksaws or grinders!

When making a cut, it is necessary to keep the end of the copper pipe strictly down in order to exclude any ingress of chips into the inside.

The ends are processed with a rimmer.

Be careful not to scratch the skirt with the rimmer. The quality of rolling is one of the most important points in the installation of an air conditioner.

Mistake #6

Flaring is performed with a special tool with an eccentric. Don't forget to put the union nut on the tube before this step!

The width of the flare must be such that the connection ends up freely and unhindered in the nut.

The height of the tube installation in the rolling clamp is strictly regulated.

The easiest and most proven old-fashioned way to determine the quality of rolling, at least at the initial stage, is to see your reflection in the “skirt”.

The flaring of the pipes of the outdoor unit will have to be done on the street in weight. Otherwise, the line simply will not fit through the hole.

Mistake #7

Please note - if the installation does not take place on a hot, warm day, then bringing the copper pipes home from the street, close their ends and be sure to wait for the copper to reach room temperature.

If you bring them in cold and open, then due to the dew point effect, condensation forms inside the tube, which, on a poorly evacuated air conditioner, can lead to sad consequences.

Connecting freon pipes

We pass to the stage of connection of communications.

Connect the flared pipes to the indoor unit of the air conditioner using adjustable wrenches.

If you are rich with a torque wrench, then it is better to use it.

• 1/4 - 16-20Nm

• 3/8 - 35-45Nm

• 1/2 - 45-55Nm

Next, take the interconnect cable and twist it all together with the freon line using reinforced tape or vinyl tape.

Do not forget to stretch the insulation of the required diameter on the copper pipes.

To prevent dirt from accidentally getting inside the tube, wrap its ends with electrical tape.

Mistake #8

In no case should the thermal insulation of the pipes be left unprotected.

Otherwise, from the side of the street under the influence of UV rays, within a few seasons it all turns into dust.

If your thermoflex is light-resistant and not afraid of the sun, then think about birds. Ravens are very good at pecking and pulling such material into their nests.

Mistake #9

Also, do not leave any area indoors without insulation. Especially the connection points.

Condensation will gradually form here and eventually a neat trickle of water will appear on your wallpaper.

The line itself, wrapped with tape inside the room, is hidden in a plastic box.

However, if you have a short section and old wallpaper remains, then instead of using a box, you can paste over the highway with them. You get an almost imperceptible picture.

Next, pass the line through the through hole to the outside.

Please note - the drain hose must be located below the freon line.

Attach the indoor unit to the mounting plate.

Connect the air conditioner drain hoses.

For building, many use an ordinary metal-plastic pipe d-16mm. The factory drain tube is flared and metal-plastic is inserted into it, sealing the connection with electrical tape from above.

However, inside the metal-plastic, after a while, a fungus may form, which will not allow the water to leave quickly enough.

Therefore, other installers use only corrugated pipes as drainage.

In addition, it is the corrugated drainage that allows you to connect directly to the bath without additional connections.

Connecting the air conditioner to the mains

To finish with the indoor unit, we proceed to connect the power wires.

After opening the front cover of the indoor unit, unscrew the plastic plug for connecting the cable.

After inserting the cable, connect it according to the electrical diagram. To do this, look for the designations on the terminal block:

• L-phase

• N - zero

• earth icon

Check on the power cable where you have phase and zero and connect the corresponding ends to your terminals.

When connecting an air conditioner of low power (up to 2.5 kW) directly from a control room without a socket, a three-core cable VVGng-Ls 3 * 2.5 mm2 should be laid in your strobe.

A 16A machine is installed in the shield.

With a low-power conduit up to 1 kW, you can of course use a cross section and 1.5mm2 + automatic 10A, but 2.5mm2 is a more versatile option and will allow you to change the split system for more power without problems in the future.

If the air conditioner will be connected through an existing outlet, then use a wire with a PVA plug 3 * 2.5mm2.

In connecting the indoor and outdoor units to each other, there is also nothing complicated. Here, as a rule, a 4*2.5mm2 or 5*2.5mm2 cable is used. The terminal markings on these blocks are the same.

Accordingly, you throw a cable between them (not a PVS wire, but a VVGng cable!) And connect the wires of the same color to the terminals L1 on the indoor unit and L1 on the external, N - on the internal and N - on the external, etc. Just follow the connection diagram and labels.

Sometimes the air conditioner itself in the room is powered not from the outlet, but from the outdoor unit (most often for inverter models). In this case, the outdoor will have a few more terminals.

This is phase-zero-earth. Then the power cable from the socket or diffuser in the switchboard, lay it outside, and not to the indoor unit.

The connection of the freon route tubes from the outside is similar to the room connection.

• gradual "washing out" of copper from the tubes and getting it on the working surface of the compressor with a decrease in gaps

Therefore, if the invited “specialist” came without a vacuum pump, then know that very soon you will see him again. And you will see him very often.

The operating time of the vacuum pump depends on the length of the line. The minimum length is 2m. If you get less, then sooner or later the oil from the compressor will definitely fall into the evaporator and your air conditioner will not work for a long time.

For a standard section of short length, the vacuumization time is from 15 to 20 minutes. It is counted after the direct creation of a vacuum (reaching a pressure of 5 Torr). This can be checked on the gauge manifold, or heard by the changed sound of the pump.

When the sound is almost gone, from that moment on, start counting the time.

If the drainage is done correctly, then the water will freely exit through the tube and not overflow over the edge of the inner pan.

Also, before opening the ports of the freon line, it is advisable to check the pressure in the system. The manufacturer, as a rule, fills the refrigerant for 5 meters of the route, and reports this on the nameplate of the outdoor unit.

However, there are also half-empty copies (they save freon).

Next, the tightness of all connections is checked. Super-professionals do it for the right price with nitrogen, at a pressure of 38 bar. But are you willing to pay money for such quality?

In the standard version, after disconnecting the vacuum pump, a certain amount of refrigerant (5-7 bar) is simply released into the route and the pressure value is memorized.

Wait 20 minutes and check if the readings have changed. With a positive result, using the hexagons, the service valves of the air conditioner are fully opened and all the freon is launched into the line.

Next, apply voltage to the air conditioner and test it in all modes. During cooling, measure the surface temperature of the evaporator with a pyrometer, and best of all with a contact thermometer.

After entering the operating mode, it should be at least + 6C. If the temperature is higher, additional freon charging may be required.

In this case, a complete reload of the system is used more, and not just its refueling, due to the complexity of the process.

If all installation steps are completed without comment, you can enjoy the coolness and assume that your air conditioner is installed correctly.

Installing an air conditioner is a rather complicated undertaking that requires, if not experience in carrying out such work, then at least a thorough theoretical preparation. In more than half of the cases, air conditioning problems appear due to incorrect installation and errors in the process of connecting the system. Even the most expensive and modern device will not be able to fully realize its potential if it is installed in violation of technology.

The structure of the traditional split system includes an external unit, which is located outside the window, and an internal unit. In some cases, more than 1 block is installed. Such combinations are known as multi-split systems.

Each element of the system performs its functions. So, the outdoor unit is responsible for condensation, while the indoor unit performs the functions of an evaporator. The blocks are connected using a line of tubes and wires. Freon circulates through the tubes. The system also includes a drain tube. It is connected to the outdoor unit. It is responsible for the removal of moisture condensed during the operation of the installation. According to the rules, this tube must be connected to the sewer system.

Air conditioning systems are available for sale for every taste and request. However, in terms of their composition and connection technology, they practically do not differ from each other.

Before proceeding with the installation of blocks, you need to decide on a number of important points.

1. First, decide on the side of the world to which the capacitor unit will go.
2. Secondly, you need to establish the material from which the walls of the house are made. In accordance with this moment, suitable fasteners will be selected. Additionally, certain changes in the installation process of the system are made by the weight of the blocks.

It is important to ensure the possibility of normal access to the units for preventive maintenance and repair activities. The outdoor unit must be protected from precipitation, icing and other adverse effects.

When choosing the power of a future split system, take into account the operational and other important characteristics of housing. First of all, consider the orientation of the apartment or house to the cardinal points. Also important is the number of people inhabiting the dwelling, the total power of electrical appliances, the number of heating radiators, the presence of other ventilation systems and devices.

Before proceeding with the installation of the outdoor unit, you need to make sure that the strength of the balcony railing or wall is sufficient to support the weight of the product. The most powerful models weigh up to 60 kg and even more. On average, household outdoor units weigh 10-15 kg and usually there are no problems with their placement. The wall and all fasteners used must have a minimum of two times the safety margin.

If there is external insulation, be sure to ensure that the brackets are not attached to the thermal insulation, but directly to the wall material.

Quite often, aerated concrete is used in modern housing construction. This is an excellent material with high thermal insulation properties, however, unfortunately, it cannot boast of great strength. If the external walls of your house are built of aerated concrete, you should refrain from installing the air conditioner directly on the wall.

It is not recommended to hang the unit on a ventilated facade, because during its operation, quite strong vibration and noise can be created. In the described situations, the installation of the unit should be carried out using a special damping seal, previously fixed on the wall. The air conditioner itself rarely produces noise more than 25-30 dB, therefore, in houses with walls made of a material denser than aerated concrete, there are usually no inconveniences.

Any distortions when installing the outdoor unit are unacceptable. At each stage of installation, you need to check the horizontal installation of the product using the building level. Deviations from the horizontal will lead to a violation of the circulation of freon or other refrigerant used.

If possible, the air conditioner should be installed in such a place that it is blown from all sides by the wind, but at the same time it is protected from precipitation and other negative influences. The best option is to place the unit under a pre-installed canopy or at least on a balcony. Residents of the upper floors of apartment buildings can install an outdoor air conditioner unit on the roof. It is only important to ensure that the line has a total length not exceeding 15-20 m. Otherwise, significant cold losses will be noted in the system, and the air conditioner will consume electricity for nothing.

Take care of the proper arrangement of the drain of condensed moisture. Regulations require that this tube be connected to the sewer. However, this requirement is almost never met, and moisture simply drips onto the ground under the window. In such a situation, you need to take care at least that water does not drip on passers-by.

Regulations require that the distance between the outdoor unit and the wall surface is at least 10cm. The problem is that the compressor must be sufficiently blown from all sides. If it is installed closer than 10 cm to the wall, in summer the airflow will be insufficient, which will lead to the breakdown of the unit.

Installing an outdoor unit is associated with a certain danger, because It's still high-rise work. Therefore, installation can be carried out only with the necessary insurance, or it is better to completely entrust it to professional installers.

How to install the indoor unit

Inside the premises, the installation of the corresponding block and the laying of the highway are carried out. Special attention should be paid to the process of arranging electrical wiring. Household air conditioners consume about 2 kW of electricity or more. First make sure that the wiring in your apartment or house can withstand such a load. If she is not capable of this, lay an individual line from the shield with a separate fuse. This will protect the wiring from overheating, and your property from fire.

Lay the line from the outdoor unit of the air conditioning system to the location of the indoor unit. The line can be laid outside or inside. For external laying, it is hidden in a plastic box, but in accordance with the internal installation, the line must be recessed into the wall.

Carefully consider the choice of location for placing the indoor unit. The farther the blocks are removed from each other, the less efficient the system will be and the higher the energy losses will be.

The indoor unit must be placed so that there are no objects near it that can interfere with the normal flow of chilled air. Appliances, curtains and other items that are at the same height as the unit must be at least 3 m away from it.

The unit must not be placed directly above a heating radiator. The place of installation must be such that the unit can be easily reached for repair and maintenance work. The distance between the unit and the ceiling should be at least 20-25 cm. It is not recommended to install the air conditioner above appliances and furniture.

The air conditioner must be installed in such a way that the cold air emitted during its operation does not blow directly onto the person. Otherwise, bronchitis and tonsillitis will not keep you waiting long.

The indoor unit can be wall-mounted or ceiling structure. The latter are extremely rare. However, regardless of the type of system, it is necessary to ensure the most correct and reliable fastening. Installation is carried out using brackets and screws. Brackets must be checked for strength.

After connecting the outdoor and indoor units, it is necessary to remove moisture and air from the line. This process is known as evacuation. Special equipment is used to pump out air and water.

Do-it-yourself air conditioner connection sequence

Installation of the air conditioner is carried out in several stages. First, the wiring is laid. Further the external unit of the system is installed. The technology requires that it be placed at a height of at least 180-200 cm from ground level. This requirement is relevant for owners of private houses and residents of apartments located on the ground floor.

In the outer wall holes are drilled for laying communications. The diameter of these holes should be 500-600 mm. Brackets are installed, due to which the unit will be fixed. A special waterproofing cup is inserted into the prepared hole and direct connecting communications are laid.

Next you need install the indoor unit. The maximum allowable distance between these two elements is 20 m. The optimal distance is 7-12 m. Specific recommendations are given in the instructions for the equipment, be sure to study it before starting installation. Install the brackets and fix the indoor unit of the air conditioning system.

In the end, it remains only to lay the wires, due to which the functioning of the system will be ensured. Mount the box. It, as already noted, can be internal or external. Connect electrical wires and pipes for freon. Evacuate the system. For this, special equipment is used. The actual procedure lasts an average of 45-60 minutes.

After vacuuming is completed, perform a trial operation of the air conditioner. Professionals at this stage use special hardware and software equipment. In its absence, at least observe the operation of the system and the state of the power grid for some time.

Basic connection errors and their elimination

Mistakes made during the installation of the air conditioner entail a lot of different troubles. However, the services of professional installers are becoming more expensive every year and an increasing number of people, in an attempt to save money, are trying to install the air conditioner themselves. This, as already noted, is a rather complicated and very responsible work, which has many features and requires taking into account a wide variety of nuances.

1. One of the most common mistakes is laying pipes with unacceptable and/or repeated kinks. Because of this, the load on the compressor will increase, which will not have the most favorable effect on the operation of the system.
2. The outdoor unit cannot be installed on a glazed balcony. Previously, recommendations were given for its installation in this room, but they are relevant only for non-glazed balconies. It is important that normal air circulation is maintained, and the unit is blown from all sides.
3. The air conditioner must not be installed where any kind of installation generating high-frequency electromagnetic vibrations is in operation. Such equipment includes various welding machines, machine tools, etc.
4. It is important to maintain the maximum evenness of the installation of blocks. If this rule is violated, the resulting condensate will simply drain to the floor, which will cause a lot of inconvenience. As already noted, the air conditioner cannot be installed directly above the radiators.

If these and any other errors were made and led to undesirable consequences, it is necessary to take appropriate measures to eliminate the violations. In the event of a draft from the air conditioner, it is usually sufficient to change the direction of the air flow by adjusting the dampers.

When the system is turned on in heating mode, frost is often found on the outdoor unit. The reason for this phenomenon is usually that the system does not have an automatic defrost function. To remove ice, it is enough to turn on the equipment for cooling for a while. The air conditioner will heat up and the ice will disappear.

If the air conditioner has stopped cooling normally, it is necessary to check the filters. They require regular cleaning. Detailed recommendations on this matter are usually given in the instructions.

If water starts to drip from the indoor unit, the cause of this problem in most cases is a severe blockage of the drain channel. It also leads to the formation of ice plugs. It is impossible to eliminate this kind of blockage on your own without the necessary skills. It is recommended to urgently call a wizard who can properly warm up the system and correct the situation.

Uncharacteristic noises during system operation usually indicate a fan imbalance or severe bearing wear. This problem can also be handled exclusively by a qualified master.

If you find that the air conditioner has begun to overheat, you should call the wizard to check the level of freon and the tightness of the system.

Thus, self-installation and connection of the air conditioner is a completely feasible job. But you need to tune in in advance to the fact that this event is not easy. Follow the instructions in everything and promptly eliminate emerging troubles. Then the air conditioner will serve as long as possible, fully performing all the tasks assigned to it.

Successful work!

Video - How to install the air conditioner yourself