Is it possible to lay a foam foundation on concrete. Principles of competent insulation of foundations with foam foam

23.06.2020

Good afternoon, dear subscribers of the site portal. In today's lesson, we will touch on the topic of foundation insulation, and the material that will help us with insulation is penoplex.

One of the most popular methods of thermal insulation is the insulation of the foundation with Penoplex. Penoplex - foamed polymer material, which has a closed cell structure, due to which the water absorption of this material is very low and amounts to only 0.5% of its volume throughout its entire service life. The closed cells of the Penoplex material are filled with air, which, as you know, is a good heat insulator. Penoplex does not absorb water, which allows it to maintain thermal insulation properties in any conditions, in addition, it is not subject to destruction when internal moisture freezes.

Penoplex is produced in the form of plates of various thicknesses with a mounting groove, and due to this, the insulation of the foundation using Penoplex plates is carried out quickly, while the formation of gaps, seams and cold bridges is eliminated.

Types of insulation of the foundation with Penoplex

Vertical insulation of foundation and basement walls. It is usually carried out from the outside of the building, since in this case not only the space inside the house, but also the walls of the foundation fall into the zone of insulation and protection, which increases the life of the house. The plates are mounted on the prepared surface with cement or polymer-based adhesive, in the basement they are additionally strengthened with the help of special dowels.
Horizontal insulation of a slab foundation or a shallow foundation strip foundation. This method is an excellent protection of the foundation from freezing, as well as from the effects of the tangential forces of frost heaving. The slabs are laid under the base of the foundation.
Insulation of the soil around the house by creating a blind area, insulated with Penoplex plates. This method is indispensable for protecting buildings from the deformation forces of frost heaving, especially on heavily heaving soils. Penoplex plates are laid on a specially prepared pillow and a concrete blind area is made on top of them.

The technology of vertical insulation of the foundation with Penoplex

This method can be used both on a foundation under construction and for already built buildings. In the case of insulation of the foundation of an existing building, you must first dig it to the depth.

Insulation of the slab foundation with Penoplex

Insulation of the slab foundation and insulation of the sole of the strip foundation is carried out using Penoplex plates 5-10 cm thick.

Soil thermal insulation Penoplex

Thermal insulation of the soil is a construction technique that can significantly reduce the estimated depth of the foundation, and hence the cost of its construction. Soil insulation is performed using an insulated blind area.

After the vertical external thermal insulation of the foundation, backfilling with sand and gravel is carried out to a level of 10-15 cm below the ground level. Stepping back 1 meter from the walls, formwork is made of boards. Formwork height - 20-30 cm.
The bottom of the blind area is additionally rammed and leveled. Penoplex plates are laid along the perimeter of the foundation.
A plastic film with a slight overlap is placed on Penoplex on the base, after which concrete is poured into the formwork. The concrete is leveled so that a slight slope to the outside is formed. Subsequently, after the concrete has hardened, the formwork is removed, and the blind area is finished paving slabs or decorative stone.

Comprehensive insulation of the foundation and soil with Penoplex allows not only to exclude freezing of the foundation, but also eliminates temperature drops from the outside and inside foundation, and, as a result, the formation of condensate. The humidity in the basement and in the basement is reduced, which helps to improve the microclimate and increase the life of the entire house.

Extruded polystyrene foams (EPS) as a new generation of thermal insulation materials are interesting not only for their high resistance to heat transfer. The complex of structural properties allows the use of these heaters in all nodes of buildings and structures.

The stability of characteristics over decades, chemical inertness, high compressive strength and low hygroscopicity make XPS boards a material capable of working in contact with open ground in any climatic conditions.

In this article we will tell you how to insulate the foundation of a house with foam plastic.

Penoplex Foundation® insulation is optimal for use in loadable structures with a protective layer (foundations, plinths, blind areas)

There are few alternatives to penoplex when insulating foundations: block foam glass and expanded clay backfills. Foam glass is an order of magnitude more expensive material, and the complexity of its installation is several times higher than working with polystyrene foam. This material is indispensable only in the construction of so-called "passive houses".

Expanded clay backfills have limited efficiency in terms of heat-shielding properties as they are saturated with moisture. In addition, they cannot be used for facing vertical planes. For this reason, expanded clay granulate is used mainly in road construction and in the production of cellular concrete. To insulate the foundation of a private house, it is advisable to use penoplex as a highly efficient material, easy to use and affordable.

The meaning of external thermal insulation of foundations

The foundation should ideally act as an inertial heat reservoir for the building. So, he:

Protects rooms from rapid cooling during interruptions in heating.
Smoothes out temperature fluctuations in the structural materials of the entire building, extending its service life.
Remaining relatively warm, the foundation receives protection from freezing, premature cracking, delamination and destruction.

The foundation should not work as a conductor of heat into the ground. Previously, there was a concept, according to which the heat transfer from the building through the foundation (up to 15% of the heating energy) was a natural protection against freezing. Today, within the framework of the ideology of energy saving, this approach looks hopelessly outdated, and it is customary to provide protection for foundations from frost heaving of soils in other ways - by insulating the scaffold and equipping the drainage system.

The easiest way to turn the buried structures of the building into a "thermos" is to insulate the foundation of the house from the outside with foam. Another plus of this method of thermal insulation is to protect the waterproofing from destruction. Internal insulation of foundations is capable of performing only one useful function - reducing heat losses.

We insulate the foundation of the house with penoplex: types and design schemes

Summarizing the methods of work, we can distinguish:

Vertical lining of foundation blocks and perimeters. It is the core technology. Penoplex is attached with polymer or cement glue, and in the basement it is additionally fixed with dowels.
Horizontal installation of foam boards. The insulation is laid on a sand cushion under the filling of a shallow strip foundation (MZLF), or under a slab foundation.
Laying insulation in the ground in a horizontal plane along the perimeter of the building. This method is the insulation of the scaffold and, by accumulating geothermal heat, protects the foundation from tangential deformations of frost heaving.

Scheme of thermal insulation of the foundation of a cottage with insulated floor

It implies vertical cladding with foam plastic of the outer perimeter of the foundation to its entire height, including the basement and, possibly, the lower part of the load-bearing walls. In this case, the total height of the insulating lining should not be less than 1 m.

Horizontal installation of insulation into the ground along the perimeter of the building (scaffold insulation) is carried out with a frost index (MI) of at least 35,000 degree hours. For middle lane RF (MI = 55,000 - 60,000), the width of the scaffold insulation strip is 0.6 m with a foam plex thickness of 7 - 8 cm and 0.9 m with a slab thickness of 5 - 6 cm. climate zone is 12 cm.

Scheme of thermal insulation of the foundation of a cottage with a variable operating mode

It is understood that buildings of this type may remain unheated for an indefinite period of time. The scheme differs in that, in addition to the vertical lining of the foundation with insulation and the arrangement of a warm scaffold, it is necessary to install horizontal insulation over the entire area of the house. It is located in the plane of the scaffold insulation and forms a single whole with it.

Even in frosts without heating, these measures protect structures from heaving of soils and prevent freezing of the foundation solely due to the accumulation of geothermal heat. Proper insulation the foundation of a cottage for seasonal living extends its service life by at least 2 times.

The scheme of thermal insulation of the slab foundation

For the middle zone of the Russian Federation, a foam thickness of 14 cm is recommended for arranging a solid insulating pillow under a slab foundation. On both sides - below the ground and above the concrete - the insulation is separated by layers of waterproofing. In this case, horizontal external insulation is provided to the height of the base, if continuous insulation is not expected over the entire surface of the cottage.

The standard composition of the "pie" of the slab foundation when insulated with Penoplex plates:

Sand layer on compacted soil
Insulation boards Penoplex
Monolithic reinforced concrete slab
waterproofing layer
Cement-sand subfloor screed

The design of the insulation of the side parts of the slab has the composition:

waterproofing layer
Penoplex slabs on the end of the slab, laid from the depth of the sand bed to the very top - 40 - 50 cm above ground level
Additionally, Penoplex plates are laid under the blind area

How to calculate the thickness of Penoplex for thermal insulation of the foundation

In order to calculate the required thickness of foam for insulation, you need to know two values. The first is what heat transfer resistance is set for your construction region. This value is specified in SP 50.13 330.2012 "Thermal protection of buildings". The second is the thermal conductivity of the foundation material, usually a constant value for concrete foundations.

R \u003d h 1 / λ 1 + h 2 / λ 1, where

R is the heat transfer resistance for a particular region. For example, for the Moscow region it is 3.2 m 2 x ° K / W;

h 1 - foundation thickness;

λ1 is the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the foundation material (reinforced concrete);

h 2 - foam thickness

λ2 is the thermal conductivity coefficient of Penoplex.

For a reinforced concrete foundation, the thermal conductivity coefficient is λ=1.69 W/m*°K at standard thickness 400 mm (0.4 m). Accordingly, substituting the data in the formula, we get:

3.2=0.4/1.69+h2/0.032;

3.2=0.24+ h 2 /0.032;

2.96= h 2 /0.032;

h 2 \u003d 0.0947 m or 95 mm

Thus, to insulate a foundation with a thickness of 400 mm, Penoplex is required with a layer of 100 mm. In general, on the official website of the manufacturer of penoplex there is a convenient calculator for calculating the thickness of the insulation for the elements of the building http://www.penoplex.ru/school/index.php.

How to properly insulate the foundation of the house with your own hands

If the insulation is carried out in a planned manner during construction, then the vertical lining and insulation of the scaffold are carried out before the trench is backfilled. Consider the case of foundation insulation for an already built house:

Fighting cold bridges

To avoid unwanted heat transfer in unforeseen directions, it is recommended to control the following nuances of thermal insulation of foundations:

The slab that insulates the scaffold must be in contact with the vertical insulation of the foundation perimeter without a gap.
When insulating the basement of the foundation from the outside with foam, do not forget that there should not be a gap between this layer and the layer of external thermal insulation of the walls. With differences in the relief of the wall, it is necessary to fill these gaps in the geometry with horizontal sections of insulation.

Conclusion

The money "saved" on the thermal insulation of the foundation will have to be paid back several times later in the form of an additional payment for gas or electricity. However, the expediency of external insulation of the foundation with foam plastic is associated not only with an increase in the energy saving class, but also with an increase in the building resource.

The work does not require special skills and is within the power of any physically healthy man. It is important to follow the recommendations that are appropriate for the type of building and your climate zone, as well as being attentive to potential cold bridges - and you will cope with this important task.

Among the brands of expanded polystyrene used to insulate foundation and basement structures, we most often hear the name Penoleks.

For almost 20 years, the company of the same name from St. Petersburg has been selling its extruded polystyrene foam Penoplex, which has scored more than half of the foam polystyrene thermal insulation market in Russia. Not surprisingly, quite quickly the name trademark has become a household name, denoting an insulating material based on expanded polystyrene.

New insulation of the foundation with foam, what is the benefit

Without going into the intricacies of the production technology and properties of foam, it should be noted that the material the best way suitable for facing and insulating the foundation of a house and a basement buried in the ground, for any type of construction made of concrete, metal and brick for the following reasons:

Penoplex is an extremely light and rot-resistant material with one of the lowest thermal conductivity characteristics. Polyurethane foam can compete with it, but the insulation of the foundation from polyurethane foam is somewhat more expensive;
The low level of water absorption makes it possible to ensure high-quality insulation of the foundation of the house with foam plastic, even in cases where the dew point or condensation temperature of water vapor falls on inner part thermal insulation. Under such conditions mineral wool or backfill insulation systems may lose their thermal insulation characteristics;
Thermal insulation is relatively inexpensive, the price of foam insulation of the foundation and the technology of laying slabs is quite affordable even in budget options construction and repair.

Important! Foam insulation is not an ideal solution. Relatively high strength among foams and good thermal insulation provide high-quality insulation only with strict observance of the laying technology.

The material is made from an ethylbenzene mixture, which is highly toxic. With strong heating or combustion, a huge amount of toxic gases are released, so foam plastic has the right place in the foundation insulation system. On the other hand, harmless and non-flammable materials with effective thermal insulation, such as foam glass, is very difficult to mount on vertical walls, while to insulate the foundation with foam plastic with your own hands, the primary skills of the builder are enough. If desired, with the help of penoplex, you can also insulate the pile foundation, the blind area of any surface, as in the video:

Insulation of the foundation with foam plastic according to science

Before starting work on insulation, you will need to perform several basic preparatory operations:

To clean and plaster with your hands from the outside the entire accessible array of the foundation. The effectiveness of insulation and the strength of thermal insulation with foam plastic largely depend on how firmly and tightly the layer of waterproofing and foam plastic adheres to concrete walls. The presence of cavities, pits, humps and bumps can lead to damage or crushing of the heat insulator under soil pressure;
Stick a layer of waterproofing on the concrete of the foundation walls. Even if during the repair and insulation of the foundation of an old house it is found that there is no waterproofing coating, it is necessary to restore the insulation or lay it with a new layer;
Before you insulate the foundation of the house, you should take care of drainage system foundation, without it, the effectiveness of foam insulation can decrease significantly.

For your information! The main issue requiring expert advice is the practical calculation of the thickness and the required number of foam sheets.

Calculation of the thickness of the foam sheet and its quantity

To calculate the power of a foam sheet in the external insulation of walls and the blind area of \u200b\u200bthe foundation, the well-known formula is most often used:

Foam thickness

H p \u003d (A f / A p) * (R * A f - H f), where:

N p is the thickness of the foam sheet, H f is the thickness of the concrete foundation wall, A f is the thermal conductivity of the concrete wall, its value is 1.7 W / m * K o, A p is the thermal conductivity of thermal insulation, R is the heat transfer coefficient for a certain climatic zone. As a result, we obtain that for a freezing depth of 1.3 m, the thickness of foam insulation should be at least 80 mm. You can choose three sheets of 30 mm thickness or one of 100 mm.

The number of foam sheets is determined as the area of the foundation walls plus the blind area to be insulated, multiplied by the perimeter of the building with 7-10% of the margin, which will be used to compensate for damaged sheets and warm the corner areas of the blind area. In the corner sectors, it is necessary to insulate with a double layer with an increased width of the plate by 20%.

The technology of laying insulation sheets on concrete walls

After cleaning and plastering concrete walls foundation requires at least a couple of weeks before you can start coating the surface with a waterproofing layer. It is possible to use mastics based on a fused bitumen-rubber composition if the second layer will be laid with rolled insulation made of roofing felt or bicrost.

Alternatively, waterproofing can be made from liquid rubber or made by hand from tar, bitumen, residues soft roof and resin. The consumption of the coating material is quite large, therefore, in many cases, they try to make the first layer with a coating based on home-made bituminous mastic.

The second layer, immediately over the hot layer of coating, you can lay the roofing material and carefully smooth it to the wall surface so that wrinkles and bubbles do not form.

Direct laying of foam sheets is carried out on an adhesive basis. The adhesive composition is prepared most often on a water basis. Often the shelf life of the glue is short, so before sticking, you should prepare the required number of sheets in advance, cut the right dimensions and fit the insulation sheets at the joints. When sticking the material on the wall, two rules must be observed:

Glue on reverse side Penoplex is best applied with a notched trowel. This will allow you to fix the insulation on the foundation of the house as tightly as possible;
The sheets are installed on the surface of the waterproofing with the dressing of the layers, which makes it possible to obtain an even and durable layer of thermal insulation.

In addition to cement-acrylic or bituminous adhesive mastics, a polyurethane foam composition is often used, similar to mounting grades, but with the least tendency to secondary expansion of the foam. If during the installation of sheets there are problems with the alignment of the insulation material in one plane, the corner zones of the foam boards can be fixed with plastic fungi. Such fasteners are installed like dowels, but with the obligatory sizing of the point of damage to the waterproofing layer with mastic.

The final stages of insulation of the foundation

The laid foam surface must be closed tightly plastic wrap, seal with roofing material or plaster with a layer of acrylic composition. The most expensive way will be treated with silicone waterproofing mastic, the cheapest is to finish with ordinary plaster. In any case, the protective coating should protect the soft foam layer from mechanical damage.

At the last stage, the foundation is covered with expanded clay or vermiculite. If the soil is too heavy, the lower parts of the thermal insulation can be sewn up. wooden board. This will not affect the heat-insulating properties, and the protection will turn out to be very reliable.

To insulate the blind area, you will need to make a trench with a depth of 30-35 cm, lay a layer of sand on the bottom and compact the foundations for laying foam as much as possible. Under the layer of expanded polystyrene, it is necessary to put waterproofing in the form of a film or roofing material, glue it with bitumen to the foundation wall, and only after that lay the insulation. The joints between the plates are sealed with adhesive mass, and the entire layer is covered with reinforcement, concrete mix and screed.

Conclusion

Regardless of the type of extruded polystyrene foam used, it is necessary to ensure its reliable waterproofing and maximum drainage efficiency. This is the only way to count on a long service life even on clayey soils with strong heaving.

The foundation of the house is a high-quality and reliable foundation. Its strength determines the durability and integrity of the entire structure. During the construction of the foundation, the best structures and components are used. However, in addition to this, the foundation needs protection from harmful external factors. And the main role here is played by the technology of insulation of the foundation.

To avoid the consequences associated with temperature changes, insulation of the foundation with foam plastic or expanded polystyrene will help. Penoplex and expanded polystyrene materials are high-quality modern heaters with increased water-repellent and heat-insulating qualities.

Why is it necessary to insulate the foundation?

Some homeowners do not seek to insulate the foundation in their private home. They believe that if the living rooms do not fit into the basement of the house and have their own high-quality thermal insulation, additional insulation foundation is not needed. However, there are several reasons why foundation insulation should be carried out:

The sole of the foundation is located very deep, often below the freezing level of the soil and does not experience significant temperature changes. The upper part of the foundation is subject to constant freezing and thawing. Due to such a temperature difference, structural stress and “fatigue” of the metal arise. To equally warm the entire foundation, you need high-quality insulation.
Significant heat savings. A bulky foundation and a plinth cause heat loss. With the right technology for warming the foundation, about 30% of heat is saved.
When insulating the foundation of a private house, the dew point comes out. This prevents the formation of condensate due to temperature differences.
Additional waterproofing. Soil moisture will not penetrate into the foundation and render Negative influence for the entire structure. Also, the insulation reliably protects the outer layer of the laid waterproofing, which is vulnerable to mechanical damage.
Together with the insulation of the foundation with foam, the insulation of the soil backfill is often carried out. At the same time, a horizontal belt of thermal insulation is placed at the level of the sole or under the blind area (depending on the depth of the foundation). This minimizes the risk of heaving of the soil with subsequent deformation of the foundation.

Types of heaters

Not all types of insulation are equally good for thermal insulation of the foundation. First of all, you need to remember that the insulation will be affected by high humidity and various mechanical effects.

For external insulation The most commonly used foundation materials are:

Priming. The oldest and cheap way foundation insulation. He is the most labor intensive.
Expanded clay. A fairly popular insulation, often combined with ground insulation. Its use requires additional formwork.
Styrofoam. Today - the most common material for external insulation of the foundation. Work can be carried out on an already erected foundation.

Each material uses its own insulation technology.

If it is impossible to insulate the foundation from the outside for various reasons, it is possible to insulate the foundation from the inside. There are also several options here:

Sprayed polyurethane foam.
Extruded polystyrene foam, or penoplex.
Foamed polyethylene with an additional foil layer.

Most often when internal insulation the base is used sprayed polyurethane foam. To apply a layer, it is enough to spray the material on the walls, floor and ceiling of the basement.

Penoplex is a universal insulation used in warming the foundation of a house, basement and blind area, as well as walls, roofs and even balconies. Each technology for insulating a house from the outside or from the inside can use its own type of foam plastic with certain performance characteristics. Among the standard properties of penoplex stand out:

Penoplex plates have a finely porous structure. All pores are 0.1-0.2 mm in size. and are isolated. Uniform placement of pores makes penoplex insulation warm and durable.
Penoplex practically does not absorb moisture. Tests were carried out, according to which the penoplex insulation was immersed in water for a month. In the first decade, the liquid was absorbed in small quantities. After this time, the penoplex stopped absorbing moisture. At the end of the tests, the amount of liquids in the foam boards was less than 0.6 percent.
Low thermal conductivity. Penoplex can be used in places with high humidity without loss of quality. This allows you to insulate the foundation, basement, basement and other parts of a private house with foam plastic.
Long service life. Penoplex insulation withstands many cycles of freezing and thawing. According to experts, the insulation of the basement of the foundation from the outside with foam will function properly for half a century.
Load resistance. Thanks to extrusion, foam insulation has a uniform structure. After insulating the foundation with foam plastic with your own hands, the material does not change size and does not deform under any load.
Ease of installation and maintenance of penoplex There are many photos and videos on the Internet that clearly show how to insulate the foundation of a house from the outside and from the inside. When working with penoplex, you can not be afraid of bad weather.

Quality insulation is based on right choice materials. You cannot make a mistake with the choice, otherwise there will be no effect from the insulation.

A high-quality modern insulation should have several characteristics:

Minimum thermal conductivity.
High moisture resistance, excluding the penetration of moisture into the foundation.
strength and ability to withstand high ground pressure.

Extruded polystyrene foam or foam plastic is a durable and environmentally friendly material that is resistant to various external influences. It withstands severe frosts and does not let moisture through. Most often, expanded polystyrene is used for do-it-yourself insulation of a monolithic and tape-type foundation.

Styrofoam is often used to insulate the foundation from the inside. Outdoor use depends on climatic conditions and other factors. The main advantage of this material is a low price.

Expanded polystyrene and polystyrene are light, convenient and cheap materials for insulating the foundation of a house. The market is saturated with offers, and every seller claims that his Styrofoam is the best. To choose high-quality polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam for warming the foundation of a house, basement or blind area, you need to know a few nuances:

When insulating the foundation of a house, it is worth taking a self-tightening penoplex.
Any technology for insulating the foundation with polystyrene foam from the outside and from the inside provides for the presence of high-quality material. To assess the quality, you need to slightly break the foam. If the break is uneven and there are small balls inside, this is not quality material for thermal insulation. If the fracture is even and the correct polyhedrons are visible inside, the penoplex is considered to be of high quality, and with its help it is possible to both insulate the foundation of the house from the outside and protect the blind area.

Polyurethane foam is a high-quality material that is easily connected to the building and does not have seams. It has excellent waterproofing properties and is resistant to large temperature changes. However, the installation of such a heater on the plinth and blind area is quite complicated, it requires specialized equipment and a lot of experience.

Penoplex is used when it is necessary to insulate a columnar foundation. Penoplex is produced in the form of special plates of various thicknesses and has high performance reliability and durability.

Guided by this instruction and a lot of photos, you can easily pick up best material for insulation of the basement.

How to insulate the foundation of a house from the outside with your own hands: the best options for insulation

Before you insulate the foundation from the outside with your own hands, you should familiarize yourself with a variety of options foundation insulation. In each case, the method of insulation is selected individually. The type of foundation, soil, temperature changes are taken into account. When choosing a technology, they also determine whether it is necessary to insulate the foundation of a house without a basement or with a basement and look at the photo how the house will look after insulation.

There are two main ways to insulate the foundation of a building. The main difference is the time of the work. The first method involves the installation of insulation in the process of pouring the foundation. The second option is to install the foundation insulation after the concrete casting has matured.

Most often self-insulation foundation is carried out in the process of construction. In order for thermal insulation to be as effective as possible, it is better to insulate the foundation from the inside and outside.

One of the simplest options for do-it-yourself foundation insulation is the use of fixed formwork during the construction process. Formwork is a solid structure into which concrete mortar is poured during the construction of the foundation. It can be made from many materials. Styrofoam formwork is quite popular. At a fairly high cost, several times higher than the price of a removable wooden formwork, polystyrene foam will serve as an excellent insulation.

With the help of expanded polystyrene, you can both insulate the foundation of the house from the outside with your own hands, and provide thermal insulation for the blind area.

After the casting has matured, you can use various foundation insulation technologies. High-quality thermal insulation of the foundation of a private house from the outside is provided with the help of expanded polystyrene, polystyrene foam, foam plastic and other materials.

Do-it-yourself foam insulation technology for the foundation: video

Penoplex material is produced in the form of plates with a constant width (600 millimeters) and with variable length and thickness. Insulation of the foundation with foam plastic can be done independently. On this topic there are many videos and photos located on our website. It is enough to observe a certain technology for warming the foundation.

Depending on what type of foundation is used in the construction of the house, various foam insulation technologies are used.

Strip foundation is used in the construction of houses cottage type. Such a foundation is a monolithic strip of reinforced concrete laid along the perimeter of the building. The technology for insulating the basement of the foundation with foam plastic with your own hands is as follows:

A trench is dug along the foundation. Width - from a meter, the depth corresponds to the freezing of the soil. The trench walls are leveled with cement mortar.
Gravel or sand is poured into the bottom of the trench, then carefully compacted. Styrofoam slabs are laid on the rammed base, protecting the lower part of the foundation from groundwater.
Waterproofing pad. Here you can use a special bituminous mastic or rolled waterproofing material, fastened with mounting adhesive.
Laying insulation outside the house. Here you need glue, which must be applied pointwise to the surface. Then foam is applied to the surface and pressed. The foam sheet must be held until the glue sets - about a minute. Subsequent sheets are laid in the same way, the inter-sheet seams are foamed. This provides better thermal insulation.

With a buried type of foundation, thermal insulation is carried out in a similar way. The brick base should also be insulated from the inside

The instructions for laying foam plastic on a columnar foundation from the outside are as follows:

Outside, the supports must be covered with a waterproofing layer. Here you can use bitumen or mastic with a roofing material.
Laying of foam slabs occurs with the expectation that they should capture the grillage and basement by 30-40 cm.
When installing penoplex, a specialized adhesive solution or dish-shaped dowels. The tile joints are foaming.

When using a tiled foundation, the technology for insulating the foundation with foam plastic with your own hands is as follows:

A trench is being dug. Width - about a meter, depth - to the level of soil freezing. The bottom is leveling out.
River sand is poured to the bottom. The layer should be 10-15cm. After that, the sand is compacted.
Installation of temporary wooden formwork and foundation pouring.
Laying foam boards. All gaps are filled with special mounting foam.
Laying a waterproofing layer. You can use bitumen or polyethylene.
The side walls are insulated after the water-repellent layer and formwork have cured.

The technology of warming the foundation with polystyrene foam, do-it-yourself foam: video

There are many photos and videos on our website that describe the process of insulating the basement with foam or foam. In the photo you can see many nuances that are familiar only to a specialist. Also, the photo shows in detail the entire sequence of actions. The insulation of the foundation with polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam from the outside is carried out to the depth of freezing of the soil. This indicator is not constant - each city has its own degree of freezing. The efficiency of insulation when installing insulation below the freezing level is noticeably lower.

With external insulation with polystyrene foam or foam plastic, the use of mechanical fasteners is not allowed from the outside. This can break the waterproofing layer.

During the insulation of the foundation with foam plastic, the sheets are fastened with a special mounting adhesive or by melting a bituminous waterproofing layer in several places. After applying glue or melting, a foam plate is installed on the prepared place and pressed tightly.

The plates are installed from the bottom up, the plates are laid side by side. Top row is laid end-to-end to the previously installed lower one. Re-installation and other manipulations with the insulation after it has been installed on the base are not allowed.

When insulating the foundation with polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam, plates of various thicknesses cannot be used. The layer should be even, tightly adjacent to the base. The plates are located with a slight offset of the joints. The joints themselves are carefully foamed.

When using foam and polystyrene boards with a stepped edge, they are placed as tightly as possible so that the edges overlap one another. This allows you to remove cold bridges.

The adhesive mixture is selected based on the waterproofing layer. If bituminous waterproofing is used in the form of mastic or rolls, you can use an adhesive composition based on bituminous mastics. The composition of the adhesive should not contain solvents that can damage the polystyrene foam.

In the lower part of the foundation, glue is applied pointwise. This allows moisture that accumulates between the base and the foam to flow down.

If the bituminous waterproofing is not dry, the installation of insulation is not possible.

Do-it-yourself warming of the blind area at home

For high-quality insulation of the blind area at home with your own hands, you can use polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam.

Styrofoam - perfect choice under conditions of high humidity and stress. It is lightweight, durable and environmentally friendly material that can last for several decades. When insulating the blind area, sheets of expanded polystyrene 50 or 100 mm wide are used. In the first case, they are stacked in two layers, in the second case - in one. A dense waterproofing polyethylene is laid on top of the insulation, protecting the joints.

Polyurethane foam is often used in suburban construction. With its help, the blind area, foundation, walls, septic tanks are insulated - this can be seen in the photo. However, work with this material requires personal protective equipment in accordance with the instructions. The blind area is insulated by spraying.

Features of insulation of a pile-screw foundation

The pile-screw foundation is a universal structure used in any climate and on any soil. The structure on such a foundation is not affected by groundwater.

The main disadvantage is the open space between the soil and the building. Because of this, in houses on a pile-screw foundation, the floor is almost always cold. Most owners of private houses are faced with the problem of how to insulate a pile foundation. wooden house with your own hands.

The option of warming a private house is influenced by many factors: the height and material of the pile pillars, the type of soil, the location of the house and some other features. Depending on the conditions, the pile-screw foundation is insulated in several ways:

External insulation of the foundation. This technology is used with a small height of pile pillars. A frame is being erected around the perimeter of the house, from the ground to the walls. Next, any available insulation is installed on the frame, for example, penoplex.
External floor insulation. It is produced with a high height of the pillars and other features of the location of the house, excluding insulation around the perimeter.
Full warming. The foundation insulation is installed inside and out. The process of complete insulation of the pile-screw foundation takes place in several stages:

Waterproofing piles and grillage.
Creation of the frame of the basement.
Installation of external insulation.
Installation decorative panels to hide the insulation.
The inside of the basement is insulated with soil or expanded clay.
Floor insulation. Occurs from the outside of the house. First, the vapor barrier material is attached, then the insulation (most often polystyrene foam), then the plank sheathing is laid. After that, the floor can also be used as the top of the basement. Details can be seen in the photos posted.

The optimal technology is the complete insulation of the foundation with polystyrene foam. This technology allows to achieve high-quality thermal insulation of screw piles on which the house stands. The design qualities of this method of insulating the foundation of the house from the outside are confirmed by numerous photos.

Insulation of the basement of a private house is one of the most important finishing works. The condition of the whole house depends on the quality insulation of the basement.

Do I need to insulate the foundation of a house without a basement?

A wooden house without a basement also needs high-quality thermal insulation. The foundation of a house without a basement should be insulated using installation thermal insulation materials between foundation and floor. Most often, expanded clay or polystyrene are used.

Before carrying out thermal insulation, the floor is disassembled, the surface under it is thoroughly cleaned, dried and leveled. Next, a waterproofing layer of polyethylene or foil is laid.

Formwork is installed along the perimeter between the soil and the floor. Expanded clay is poured inside or foam plates are laid. An additional waterproofing layer is laid on top, after which the floor can be laid.

The insulation of the foundation of a house without a basement has some differences from the insulation of the foundation of a house with a basement. The main difference is that the insulation layer is located both inside and outside the foundation tape, which prevents the sole from freezing.

Styrofoam is a fairly flammable material. To eliminate the possibility of fire, manufacturers use flame retardants. Polyfoam with flame retardants is marked FS.

When choosing polystyrene foam and foam plastic for insulating the basement of the foundation, you need to look at the density of the material indicated in the marking. For work on the insulation of the foundation, expanded polystyrene with a marking of 35 and above is suitable.

Some homeowners prefer to use penetrating insulators and insulation. Before using them, you need to consult with a specialist regarding the compatibility of this insulation with a certain type of foundation.

When insulating the entire basement, it is worth leaving ventilation holes so that there is always room in the interior Fresh air. In winter, the holes in the base are plugged with special plugs. This will provide thermal insulation.

Basement insulation with foam plastic requires waterproofing and quality protection blind areas with a layer of thermal insulation.