The project of cottages with an attic. Projects of country houses with an attic

17.06.2019

Ready-made projects of houses with an attic of foam blocks

Considering various options materials for the construction of buildings with an attic floor, we can conclude that the most popular is the development of a house project from an attic, photos of which are easy to find on the Internet. Such a building is characterized by a high speed of construction and lower costs for building materials. Unlike wooden structures, foam blocks do not shrink, and compared to bricks, they are much better processed, allowing you to create non-standard building solutions - from bay windows to turrets.

The advantages of choosing this material for the manufacture of a house with an attic include the small weight of the blocks, and their increased frost resistance and fire resistance. In addition, foam blocks are among the most eco-friendly species building materials and have high vapor permeability, which allows inside the building. And to build a house with an attic floor from them means to make a choice in favor of reducing the cost of work and increasing the comfort of living in such housing.

Related article:

In the article, we will take a closer look at domed houses: projects and prices, photos and recommendations from experienced specialists. The knowledge gained will be useful in choosing the methodology by which the building will be erected.

Compact house with an attic: 6x6 layout

The standard plan of a house with a 6 by 6 attic involves the construction of a building designed for 3-4 people. At the same time, part of the residential area will be located in the upper part of the building, since the small size of the lower one will allow only the utility block to be placed in it. The advantages of a house project with a 6x6 attic include:

the minimum time for the manufacture of the building (within 1-2 months, depending on the material);
savings on payments utilities- heating such a small area (30–35 sq. m on the ground floor, 15–25 sq. m in the attic) will require no more energy than a two- or three-room apartment;
low construction costs - especially if 6x6 projects are selected with an attic. A building made of foam blocks would also be a good option.

With the right layout of a 6 by 6 house with an attic, you can place enough space inside for a comfortable stay and for storing things. To create a pantry, you can use the space under the attic floor. The kitchen is usually combined with the living room. And the bathroom is made in the form of one common block, located on the ground floor.

When planning the placement of rooms in a building with a permanent stay of people, or choosing a ready-made project for a 6x6 country house with an attic, it is worth considering not a gable, but a sloping roof. This will increase the size of the upper part of the building, turning it from a kind of attic into an area for living or summer recreation. Additionally, the device in front of the terrace house will help to increase the space.

The layout of the house 9 by 9 with an attic: photos, features

The construction of a building measuring 9 by 9 meters allows you to place inside much more rooms and zones compared to compact buildings 6 x 6. For such a layout of a house with an attic, a photo of which is often found in the catalogs of construction companies, it is possible to provide for the placement big family- from 4 to 8 people. The total area of the building's rooms reaches 120–150 sq. m. m, depending on the type of roof and the size of the flight of stairs.

A typical layout of the premises for such a house is as follows:

on the ground floor there is a spacious living room and a kitchen-dining room;
on the second floor there are from 2 to 4 bedrooms, a balcony or a terrace;
the utility block (boiler room, pantry) is arranged on the ground floor, and bathrooms are made both in the upper and lower parts of the building.

On the ground floor, they often make a veranda for relaxing in the warm season. And, due to the large size of the building, there is enough space on the ground floor for. If the residents of a house with an attic own only one car, a small garage can also be placed inside (by allocating an area of 3 x 9 m). For two or more cars, the garage building is made separately from the main building.

Layout options for a 10 by 10 house with an attic: photo

Almost all projects of a 10x10 house with a foam block attic do not differ much from 9 by 9 buildings. However, due to an increase in the total area by 25–35 sq. m construction will provide additional space for one or two more tenants. The number of bedrooms inside the house is increasing - on the attic floor, which occupies from 50 to 80 square meters. m, they can already be from 3 to 5.

This increases the cost of construction, and the cost of insulation, communications and roofing. But the increase in the estimate fully justifies itself in comparison with both smaller buildings with an attic and two-story houses.

If there is enough space for residents of such a building on the ground floor, the attic part of this size allows you to place a home theater and guest rooms. Heating in this case is not carried out in the attic, which allows it to be used only in the summer. In the cold season, this space serves as a place to store clothes and other things - while part of the floor is given away.

Other options for a house with an attic: photo projects

In addition to the most popular options for the size of buildings with an attic floor, you can use dozens of others. Starting from the layout of the house 8 by 10 with an attic, the photo of which can be seen below, and ending with projects of 9 x 12 and 10 x 12 meters. Buildings of a larger area are rarely made with an attic floor - there is enough space inside without additional rooms. Although, unlike compact houses, such buildings make it more convenient to locate the staircase, the dimensions of which practically do not affect the overall territory.

Projects of large houses with attic floors require an increase in the number of bathrooms. Now on the second floor there must be a separate toilet and bathroom - and even two, since the number of people living in the building can reach 8-10 people. To improve the convenience of residents, two separate lifts to the attic floor can be provided - and even two entrances to the building itself.

Projects of houses with an attic: photo with drawings

Drawing up project documentation before starting construction of a building with an attic floor includes not only the layout of rooms, but also drawings of individual structures. Particular attention should be paid to the schemes of the roof, truss system and flight of stairs. These parts of the building will differ from similar elements of buildings with one and two floors.

Features of planning a flight of stairs

When planning, one should take into account approaches to it from different parts building. The dimensions of the structure are determined by the frequency of use of the attic floor:

with permanent residence of people in it (with the presence of heating and bathrooms), it is made of two spans with a platform in the middle and a mandatory railing;
for the use of the upper part of the house only in the summer and small sizes in the plan of the attic, the construction of a small spiral (to save space) half-meter-wide staircase is allowed.

For a large building, there can be two on the attic floor - in opposite parts of the house. The width of the structure can be up to 1 meter, which allows for even two-way movement. It is recommended to position the flight of stairs in such a way that its slope remains parallel to the slope of the roof - this will allow enough space above the head during the ascent.

Roof drawings and diagrams

Design documentation for a building with an attic should include detailed description and schematic representations of the roof, including its geometric shape, slopes and geometric dimensions. The project should be accompanied by information on the thermal insulation of the roof, the quality of which determines the energy costs for heating and the microclimate in the attic area during the cold season. The materials and thickness of the insulation are selected using calculations. To do this, you can use special programs - including online applications - but only a specialist can correctly calculate the design.

Despite the importance of taking into account the thickness of the insulation, the design of the truss system is an even more important stage. Due to the fact that the attic will be used for temporary or permanent residence, the roof structure will differ from the roof of a conventional house. And the process of building the system will take much more time.

Rafter system for the attic

For broken roof(most often chosen for houses with an attic) rafters must withstand a serious load - wind and snow. To account for it, special formulas and tables are used.

Table for taking into account the wind load And the construction process consists of the following steps:

Installation along the edges of the building of the first two racks on which the system will rely;
Checking the verticality of the racks and tying twine to them, which will play the role of a guide for other supports;
Installation of the remaining racks;
Installation of girders and their docking to racks;
Installation of the lower row of rafters, according to the drawings of the building. For this, inclined rafter legs are used;
The device of the upper part with the help of hanging truss structures of small size.

Roof trusses are made according to a special template and reinforced with struts. And in order to avoid sagging ceiling beams, which must constantly withstand a large load, they are connected to the rafters using suspensions. The final stage is the construction of the crate, on top of which the roofing is laid.

The development of projects requires a special attitude to the construction of the roof. Due to the fact that the slope of the broken structure is too large, it will not work to continue the roof in the direction. A change in the angle of the roof can lead to a deterioration in the aesthetic characteristics of the building. Therefore, the garage can be covered with one roof only for the gable version. For a more common variant with a sloping roof, the garage is covered separately.

Article

In 2 floors with a mansard roof, it gives the best planning solution, which allows you to conveniently “spread” the economic, representative and private zones. But beauty, as you know, requires sacrifice. Therefore, choosing this option, the customer must take into account that such a roof is more expensive for the following reasons:

not every material is suitable as a heater - flexible fiberglass mats (mineral) that fit without gaps are optimal;
thermal insulation should work up to + 80⁰ C (high heat in summer), provide sound absorption (raindrops);
it is required to carefully calculate the volume and location of the ventilation gaps (counter-lattice, perforated spotlights).

Traditionally, under a cozy sloping roof, there are bedrooms, an office, and children's rooms. They are cool in summer and warm in winter. The design possibilities are inexhaustible, the original design gives full scope to imagination.

Examples of projects of 2-storey houses with an attic

Most of our projects are designed for an area from 100 to 200 m 2 - for the most frequent requests. A variety of materials are used for the construction of walls, and architectural solutions are also diverse. Let's take a look at some interesting examples.

Little cozy house European type No. 57-08, area 110 m 2 - an economical option, inexpensive materials were used: aerated concrete, plaster.

Design features, the choice of materials, and ultimately the cost, depend on climate zone construction. And this should be taken into account at the design stage - "alterations along the way" invariably increase its cost. Our company adapts the documentation for a specific order, which guarantees the absence of problems at the stage of finishing and operating the house.

Two-story houses with an attic are one of the most popular options in private construction. The attic allows you to use the space under the roof, it is economically more profitable than a full-fledged floor, above which there should still be an attic. In addition, it provides space for interesting design solutions.

Also, projects of houses with a basement and an attic have become widespread. This allows you to further increase the usable area, getting almost a three-story building. However, such a project will cost significantly less than a three-story one.

Important! Remember that in finished projects a two-story house with an attic can be called both a building with two full floors and an attic on top, and cottage with attic.

materials

Now in low-rise construction, especially in houses for permanent residence, not only traditional wood or brick is used. Preference is given modern materials, which are often lighter and cheaper, durable, have good thermal insulation properties.

Thanks to new materials, it is possible to reduce costs and time for construction, for example, to realize a ready-made standard project houses on two floors with an attic, many construction companies offer such opportunities. You can build a house from:

foam concrete or aerated concrete,
porous ceramics (warm ceramics),
frame panels.

The video tells about the construction of a house of warm ceramics.

For the construction of the attic, it is important to use lightweight materials so that the load on the foundation does not increase. Therefore, porous blocks are used for it, and internal partitions also do light weight, for example, from drywall.

Advantages of two-story houses with an attic and a basement

By choosing a house project with a basement, you can save a lot and get an extra level.

House designs for narrow lots

Houses with an attic can also be placed on a narrow plot. They take less space than the same in terms of living space one-story, in addition, the length of communications in them is less. If the project provides for a garage, then you can position the building so that the blank wall of the garage is close to the fence.

So you can make the most efficient use of space. A house with a steep roof will look good on a narrow plot: it will increase it vertically, making the attic more spacious. A house with an attic and a basement will further increase living space without taking up space on the site.

Features of the attic layout

Daylight

Windows can be made both in the form of lucarnes and in the form of skylights, that is, windows in the roof. Lucarnes are a design that allows you to make a vertically located window, they decorate the roof very much, but let in less light than skylights. It is better if they are incorporated in the project of the house immediately. If you are remodeling an attic from an attic, then installing a lucarne will require additional costs and strengthening the roof.

Skylights provide a lot of light, but it is important to install them correctly, otherwise leaks can occur during rain. Skylights will help to get more light, for example, if the room is facing north. The easiest option is the windows in the gables, however, they may not be enough.

Area use

With the help of a properly designed roof, you can rationally use the area under it. A gable roof allows you to use 67% of the area, a broken one - about 90%, and if you raise the roof by one and a half meters, you can use the entire area of the second floor. Under the slopes of the roof, you can arrange cabinets or pantries.

Stairs

The ladder should be wide enough and comfortable - at least 1 meter wide. This will allow two people to pass on it. The staircase must be designed taking into account the needs and capabilities of the residents, for example, it will be difficult for an old grandmother to climb a steep spiral staircase.

Features of the layout of the basement

The ground floor is considered to be a level buried no more than half into the ground. If the ceiling height from the ground is not more than 2 m, then the basement is not considered a separate level.

Depending on the size of the building, the basement can accommodate a recreation room, an office, a home office, a sauna, a boiler room, a pantry, and even an underground garage. However, the installation of the basement is a rather complicated and expensive matter, so it must be included in the project of the house immediately, at the planning stage.

Important! The basement floor can only be done where ground water lie deep enough, otherwise waterproofing can be very expensive.

You will also need to consider artificial lighting, insulation, waterproofing and ventilation. Before you include a plinth in your home project, consider whether you really need it and whether you will use it.

Two-story houses with an attic and a garage

Projects in demand for permanent residence two-storey houses with attic and garage. In this case, the garage can be made in the basement, this is especially convenient if the site is small and there is no way to build it separately. Then you get an almost full-fledged two-story building. The figure shows a house plan with a garage on the 1st floor, the 2nd floor and the attic are residential.

Houses with two floors and an attic

In fact, it is almost a three-story building. Usually such projects are chosen by large families with children. On the ground floor, for example, there can be a living room, a kitchen-dining room, a bathroom and a hall with a staircase. On the second floor there are several bedrooms and a bathroom. The attic can also house rooms or utility rooms. Sometimes, on the contrary, the 2nd floor and the attic are made residential, and utility rooms or a garage are located on the ground floor. In this case, you can put the first floor under guard at night, in addition, many people feel safer in a bedroom located above the first floor.

Do you know why a one-story house with an attic is functional and remains at the peak of popularity for decades? I will share the features that you did not know about yet. I think you look at such houses in a new way.

The history of the attic and their features

For the first time living quarters under the roof appeared in France in the 17th century. Such housing was cheap and was popular with writers, artists, poets, entertainers, and other creative types.

It is no longer exotic. The know-how of the architects of the past is used not so much in high-rise housing construction, but to a greater extent by the owners of private houses. The equipment of such premises has its own advantages and features.

Repair and placement of rooms can be postponed until later. First, equip the first floor, celebrate the housewarming, and then take on the upper room. However, in this case, it is necessary to immediately carry out communications upstairs:

light;
water;
sewerage;
the Internet.

You will not have to disturb the finishing of the lower floor in the future.

How to choose projects of houses with attic rooms?

Before you start construction, you need to decide: what is better to build an additional floor or arrange rooms in the attic. The choice depends on the planned financial investments. The owners decide if they need additional rooms, a personal cinema or a creative office.

Attics inside are decorated in different ways:

How does the overall layout of the house affect the organization of the attic?

First, let's figure out what an attic is. By definition, these are rooms for living and utility rooms located under the roof. This is no ordinary attic. The height at the highest point cannot be lower than human height.

Which rooms are better placed in the attic floor:

Cabinets.
Bedrooms.
Children's, including games.
Home cinemas.
Creative workshops for painting, applied arts, modeling, etc.
Additional living room.
If roof windows are installed, plants for the winter garden can be placed.
Wardrobe.
Gym.

To make it comfortable to be and move in the attic - 50% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe room is made higher than human growth. Otherwise, you will not feel comfortable, the room will not be functional and comfortable. And some people will feel uncomfortable.

Is it possible to combine different styles?

It must be remembered that the attic is part of the living space of the house. Therefore, when choosing finishing materials and direction, one cannot make radical decisions.. As an option, the first floor is decorated in one of the styles: hi-tech, minimalism, Japanese, kitsch. You wanted to make the top one original and you decided to decorate it in the style of Madame Pompadour's bedroom - blue and gold, a lot of artsy details. Result: diverse rooms will not be in harmony with each other.

Advice

To avoid dissonance, choose the same color scheme, wallpaper, decor, furniture that follows the contours, style of each other.

Otherwise, the house turns into a museum of various styles, but you will not feel comfortable.

This does not mean that you need to buy the same furniture with similar facades, paint (conditionally) all the walls blue or paste over with striped wallpaper. Main principle: basic colors and elements should be fragmentarily repeated in different rooms.

The exception is the hygiene rooms. In these intimate areas, it is permissible to deviate from the general direction, use bright, rich colors and laconic furniture. Even if they differ from the general surroundings of other rooms.

A similar option for children. If the child has not reached adolescence, they often make repairs: they change wallpaper, furniture. This is necessary so that the baby develops harmoniously, and the furniture is appropriate for his age.

Open plan lovers can apply two decorating principles:

Functional areas that are viewed among themselves are drawn up in a single key. Choose the same shape pieces of furniture, design. Thus, they provide a harmonious transition between rooms. The house becomes stylish and functional.
For various rooms choose finishing materials with a similar pattern, texture. However, they differ in color, saturation of tone. In one room they combine furniture with laconic forms and classic artsy elements. In fact, eclecticism is being created, which implies the connection different styles. This approach is often used in the design of houses for country holidays.

Advantages of a 10 by 10 m house for organizing comfortable rooms

Square houses are most suitable for organization on the top floor of the attic. In this case, it is possible to organize not only two full-fledged rooms, but also a small vestibule or corridor for isolating the premises.

Houses with an attic and a garage - convenience and functionality

One of the more popular options. Such buildings look compact and holistic.

Finish:

decoration with various materials;
coloring;
plaster;
the roof is made the same.

House up to 100 sq.m. - what shape of the box and roof should I choose?

There are a large number of house projects less than 100 sq.m. Such offers help fulfill the wishes of the owners. They have enough rooms. Taking into account the rooms in the attic, the family receives additional living space.

In the attic there are bedrooms, full-fledged dressing rooms, cabinets with a library, playrooms for children, and exercise machines are installed. You can provide a pantry for household appliances.

If guests often come to you or relatives in the attic organize guest rooms with bathrooms. In this case, the furniture is more modest than in the main living rooms. But do not raise old furniture to the top. The house should be harmonious and stylish.

You have a teenager in your family and he wants to have his own living space - the attic provides such an opportunity. If the family is small, then you can give him the entire upper “floor” and he will feel like an adult, and you can control what he is doing at any time.

One-story brick houses with an attic

Brick is traditionally used in construction. There are many house projects. They are different in size and shape. If you like variety, choose the construction of two types of bricks. This way you will avoid banality, and the house will acquire zest.

Terrace - a small, cozy corner

In such a house, you can organize a terrace on the top floor that comes out of the attic. You will be provided with a good place for rest and relaxation. A good addition will be a magnificent view of the surrounding nature.

Velux GDL Cabrio balcony windows provide an interesting opportunity. They have two structural elements. The lower part moves outward, forward and the railing automatically appears. And the top one opens up and is set at 45º.

The material is unique, after the construction of the first floor, flooring and roof construction, you can move in, and finish the upper premises later. Thus, the family can celebrate housewarming faster.

We list the advantages of building buildings from foam blocks:

Foam blocks are larger than bricks. Accelerates the construction of frames.
The blocks have a strict geometry. The masonry turns out to be even, glue is saved during the masonry process, the seams are minimal.
Foamed concrete houses give the effect of a thermos. Houses are warm in winter and cool in summer. There is no need to make additional thermal insulation.
Houses are operated for a long time without repair.
Not afraid of moisture, resists mold.
Does not burn.
The blocks are not affected by temperature changes and humidity.

Houses from a bar with an attic look holistically and harmoniously. Their appearance is reminiscent of the past. Such buildings are built using modern technology, special materials for processing wood, caulking log cabins. Therefore, they serve for a long time, do not lose their attractiveness and help maintain health.

To begin with, it is worth understanding what an attic is and how it differs from an attic. Both of these rooms in the house are located under the roof. Many often confuse them, because they do not see the difference. The attic floor is the last in the house, it is located directly under the roof, but is designed for people to live at any time of the year. It must be insulated, supplied with electricity, water and heating. The facades of the attic and attic are completely or partially formed by the roof. The main difference between the premises and the second or third floor in a cottage or a country house is the height of the walls. It means the distance from the floor to the intersection of the facade with the roof. It should not exceed 1.5 m, according to the conditions prescribed in SNiP. If the height is a little more, then this is already a full-fledged floor.

The attic is a cold, non-residential area. It can be equipped for summer holidays, but it is not possible to winter in such a room. Usually in attics they equip storages of unnecessary things. However, the practice of warehousing trash is gradually fading away. If the room is intended for the location of communications, a boiler room, engineering equipment, then the attic is called the technical floor. They are more common in apartment buildings. Another important difference between the attic and the attic is the presence of large windows, sometimes even built into the roof. For non-residential premises, lighting is not of great importance. Projects of houses with an attic can be purchased ready-made from design bureaus. The only way get free plan- prepare it with your own hands, which will require a certain amount of knowledge. Let's talk about the design features of the attic floors, options for their arrangement and popular styles that embody under the roofs of houses.

Features of attic floors

The project of a house with an attic is ideal for those who want to use the area of the building to the maximum. In this respect, the additional living space is similar to the basement. Previously, basements were used exclusively for storing trash and equipment. Now basements are equipped with game rooms, home cinemas, garages, saunas or laundries (as in typical American houses). It is impossible to build an attic without a plan-drawing. So construction work indeed, everyone can handle it, although even here they often turn to companies that practice the construction of turnkey facilities. But to correctly calculate the loads on the foundation, think over the location of all structural elements, calculate the consumption of materials, only a professional who has experience and a baggage of specialized knowledge can do it.

Before construction, several draft sketches are prepared - in section and from different viewpoints, and at the same time indicate the scale. On the drawing, the location of window openings, entrance stairs, communication lines is necessarily marked, the shape is indicated and the dimensions are indicated. The most popular configuration among attics is rectangular or square. A simple task seems only in words. Getting down to business, the layman is lost and does not even know where to start. The attic attracts with an abundance of light and fresh air. Its outer "box" includes two components:

Vertical (frontal) walls. They are usually made from the same material as the facade of the house, as they are its logical continuation.
Inclined wall (side). It “starts” from a vertical surface (attic wall), and then the roof truss system serves as its frame. The roof acts as the outer skin of the ceiling. To increase the attic area, change the angle of the roof and increase the height of the attic walls.

In log houses, vertical walls are built of wood. If the building is brick, then brick is also used for the attic. Sometimes vertical walls are sheathed with decorative materials to match the rest of the facade. This is necessary in cases where you need to update the exterior to fit it into landscape design suburban area, or when the building itself has an unsightly appearance. For example, it was erected from expanded clay concrete, gas silicate, expanded clay, cinder blocks or gas blocks. Such materials have an unattractive appearance and are necessarily masked under a layer of finishing. For these purposes, use porcelain stoneware, siding, decorative panels"under the brick" or stone. Sometimes the outside walls are trimmed with wood. The material looks very beautiful, but it is less practical than more durable counterparts. Insulation becomes a prerequisite for arranging an attic. Part of the task of keeping the heat in the room lies with the decorative cladding that protects the walls from the outside. Inside, they are covered with heat and vapor barrier, between the layers of which mineral wool and polystyrene are placed. Then they communicate and carry out finishing. Further, the design and distribution of functional areas on the attic floor, furniture placement, and decoration come into play.

There is also such a thing as a half-attic. This is originally a residential floor, which is combined with the roof. The design has expressive architecture and original appearance. The semi-mansard floor is also used for permanent residence. The height of its walls does not exceed 0.8 m.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses with an attic

The attic floor has both a number of advantages and a small list of disadvantages. The advantages include the following aspects:

If the arrangement of the attic was not originally included in the plans during the construction of the house, then due to it the living area can be increased even without leaving the dacha or cottage. The construction will proceed on its own, and the rest of the rooms can still be used, that is, the construction is carried out independently. This practice is quite common when the family grows and housing becomes too cramped over time. This, perhaps, is the main advantage of the additional mezzanine.
Properly equipped attic will help reduce the heat loss of the building. This will lead to a reduction in the load on the heating system and more economical energy consumption.
The original architectonics of the ceiling is ideal for unusual modern trends, where the configuration is the basis of the composition.
The best insolation. Since the attic is a priori higher than any other room in the house, it receives more light. If the windows are built into the roof, then the sun's rays enter the room directly even at noon.
The attic opens up wide possibilities for space planning. Initially, the floor does not have internal walls, therefore, the decision on the placement of rooms, their dimensions (width and length) is made only by the owners of the house. The layout does not require the demolition of partitions or significant changes. You can create zoning literally from scratch.
Good ventilation. The height at which the attic is located contributes to rapid air exchange.

The disadvantages include the following factors:

The need for air conditioning in hot summers. The roof heats up very quickly and gives off heat to the attic, located closer to the rest of the rooms. Unfortunately, in hot weather, in the absence of air conditioning, there will be a real “steam room”, like in a bathhouse.
Some psychologists believe that not having a traditional "smooth" ceiling over their heads, many people may experience discomfort. The complex architecture of a sloping roof looks very unusual and beautiful, however, an excessive pile of details can really cause irritation over time. The configuration is easy to correct with the help of a special finish, decor, color scheme.
The high cost of special skylights, which will have to be bought for spacious rooms, where openings on the gables alone will not be enough.
With mistakes in construction, decoration, and thermal insulation, you can get a “cold” attic, which even the most powerful heating boiler will not save in winter.
The accumulation of snow in winter on the glass of skylights, which will create an obstacle for light to enter the room.
No type of soundproofing will completely eliminate rain "rustles" - the sounds of drops colliding with the roof. And it does not matter what type of coating is selected (soft or hard). Although psychologists believe that the sound of water has a healing, calming effect, sometimes it can be very annoying.

By the way, another advantage can be considered simplicity when placing a fireplace or stove. Furnace heating can also be considered as an option. So it will be possible to save on the consumption of other resources (gas, electricity) and create comfortable conditions in the attic winter time with the help of "live fire" from coal or firewood.

Attic floor device

To properly plan, you need to consider a number of the following factors:

Living space. Its dimensions directly depend on the type of roof. Some varieties create too many zones that cannot be used appropriately. The hip roof is considered the most economical option. Its truss system, in contrast to the gable system, allows you to use every meter of the attic without "deaf" zones.
Budget. If it is very modest, then you will have to be content with a shed roof, as it is one of the cheapest options.
Snow and wind load. Precipitation should slide freely from the roof, and not accumulate on it. In this case, slope matters. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will create an additional load on the roof, which it may not withstand.
Choice suitable material for the truss system. Many mistakenly believe that wood falls under the taboo. In fact, SNiP allows the use of a tree if it has been properly processed beforehand. Here, the condition regarding the maximum height of the building is also observed - no more than 75 m, that is, an increased number of storeys. Of course, for private households, such figures are considered sky-high. On average, even for every three-story house there are more than twenty ordinary one-story buildings.
Condition of the foundation and facade. It takes into account not only the material from which the house was built, but also the terms of its operation, additional loads, general form(presence of cracks or other damage). Based on this, choose a certain truss system and roofing material.
Loads on the walls of the house and the foundation. Some types of roofs (single-pitched) distribute loads unevenly, that is, one side of the building may need to be further strengthened. Without knowledge in this area, it is easy to make a mistake that threatens to turn into a collapse.

All these nuances must be taken into account when designing an attic. Additional floors with bay windows or terraces look luxurious. In the second case, households have access to open air overlooking the courtyard, securely protected by a canopy. Such verandas are sometimes glazed. Bay windows most often repeat similar protrusions on the lower floors in shape.

roof trusses

A truss truss is a truss system on which a roof is supported. In fact, this is the “backbone”, the skeleton of the attic, on which layers of roofing, thermal insulation, communication lines are “put on”, interior decoration. The truss truss consists of a number of components, the competent combination of which allows you to evenly distribute the load on the load-bearing walls of the house:

Mauerlat. It is a log or beam, which is laid on a load-bearing wall. In fact, this is the "foundation" of the truss truss.
Skate and side runs. These are beams that are horizontal. The first is placed directly under the ridge, and the rest are slightly lower, perpendicular to the rafter "legs".
Struts, struts, diagonal connections - a system of communicative elements.
Overhead and hanging rafters.

Since the loads on mansard roof quite large, the truss truss must have a margin of safety. It provides a high-quality connection between the individual components of the system. Most often, bolts, screws, welding or the groove-comb type are used for these purposes. The frame scheme of the truss truss is chosen depending on the type of roof that will cover the attic floor. Also take into account the distance between the outer load-bearing walls. If it does not exceed the value of 6.5 m, then layered rafters are chosen. In other cases, resort to hanging supports. They are mounted on a puff and on a Mauerlat. If necessary, the structure is reinforced with additional connecting links.

Roof construction

The shape of the attic directly depends on the type of roof. The additional floors themselves can be rectangular, broken, triangular, asymmetric. Attics can be located above the entire house or only above part of it. Roofs, depending on the shape, are classified into the following types:

Shed.
Gable.
Tri-slope.
Dome (conical, pyramidal).
Four-slope.

Tri-slope and domed in the attic are very rare due to the complex architecture. The former were popular back in Tsarist Russia, when the exquisite design of the house was an indicator of the family's prosperity. Dome are very complex structure with no less "tangled" roof truss. Greenhouses in wealthy mansions used to be hidden under round roofs made of transparent materials. Judging by the sophistication of architecture, such a roof is a grandiose structure, impressive and eye-catching. From a material point of view, similar construction will be very expensive, and therefore not always justified. Four-sided are classified into four subspecies:

Hip.
Tent.
Half hip
Hip-pediment.

In the tent ridge is completely absent. Attics under the roofs of the three remaining types have a broken architectonics, which is not as pronounced as in gable roofs. For this reason, this nuance can be attributed to advantages, not disadvantages.

Shed

The design of a shed roof is considered the simplest. The roof is fixed on the load-bearing walls at an angle. This roof architecture is laconic and even borders on primitivism. For single-sided options, the angle of inclination is of great importance. If it is calculated incorrectly, then precipitation will accumulate, and the load on the roof will increase. Mansards under shed roofs are not equipped very often. The room will have an asymmetrical shape due to the different heights of the opposite walls. On the other hand, windows that look very neat and consistent in the same row are easily integrated into a pitched roof.

gable

Gable or gable roofs are quite easy to install and are considered a classic option for arranging attic floors. As the name implies, such structures have two slopes that intersect at the top and abut against the ridge. Both planes "look" in different directions. Gable roofs are classified into three subspecies:

Symmetrical. The slopes diverge at the same angles and are mirror images of each other. The pediment has a simple configuration of an isosceles triangle, and the ridge is located in the center of the structure.
Asymmetrical. The ridge of such roofs is displaced relative to the conventional center of the house. The slopes are of equal length. Sometimes they are also called: "offset ridge" roofs.
With broken slopes. This type of roof was specially designed for attics and attics. Broken slopes allow you to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe under-roof space.

The most popular version of a gable roof is a “convex” one with broken slopes. The ridge is located strictly in the center, and the pediment has the shape of an irregular but symmetrical pentagon.

Roof selection

Range roofing materials truly astounding. If earlier they managed with traditional slate laid on roofing material, now the layman's eyes run wide at the sight of a wide choice. Depending on the rigidity, materials are classified into two types:

Soft (bituminous tiles).
Rigid (slate, metal tile).

When choosing a material, also pay attention to the configuration of the roof. Not every type of roof is suitable for complex, broken structures. The most durable and beautiful option will be natural tiles, which are made from clay by firing. The material will be very expensive, but the service life - more than 150 years - fully pays for the cost. The second place in popularity is shared by asbestos-cement slate and metal tiles. The first is a mixture of a cement base with asbestos reinforcing fibers. Although many competitors have emerged in recent years, it still occupies a leading position in the market. Slate can be flat or wavy. Its classic color is gray, but some manufacturers color the material in bright shades. The average service life of slate is 30 years. Metal tile is an imitation of the ceramic material of the same name, made of galvanized steel, which is covered with a protective polymer film on both sides. The texture and coloring of the material mimics the original in detail. The average service life of a metal tile is 15 years. It is fireproof, easy to install, durable and inexpensive. Slightly less popular are ondulin, corrugated steel sheets) and piece composite, slate, bituminous, cement-sand tiles. For roofs of complex configuration, it is better to use soft roofing material.

Windows and how to open them

On the attic floors, both ordinary vertical windows (built into gables) and special inclined windows are used. They are located on the roof. Windows are called "mansard" windows. They literally look "at the sky" and give an indescribable feeling during the rain or starry nights when you can fall asleep admiring the magnificent landscape. They are distinguished by the type of opening. The usual tilt or turn-and-turn mechanism is not found in skylights. The only exception will be the "hatches" in the roof. Due to the specifics of the location (at an angle), more often such double-glazed windows are equipped only with folding or sliding systems. Look luxurious in the attic panoramic windows located on the gables. There are also miniature "balconies" equipped with a folding mechanism. They open access to a small porch with a fence, a kind of mini-terrace.

One-story houses with an attic

The problem of lack of space often worries the owners of one-story houses. If a land plot small and does not allow you to increase the living space in width, you will have to turn your eyes upward. A full-fledged second floor is not a cheap pleasure. We will have to significantly strengthen the structure and radically rebuild it. The attic, on the other hand, can be equipped in an existing attic, having carried out repair, insulation and decoration work. In terms of cost, reorganizing a finished space is significantly cheaper than building a new one.

Two-story houses with an attic

AT two-storey houses the attic will become an additional load on the structure. When arranging it, it is better to use non-massive furniture with low weight. If necessary, it is easy to rearrange it to a new place or replace it with another one. As an option, you can consider wicker chairs and chairs, plastic tables, dressing rooms instead of full cabinets, or even garden furniture. It is recommended to divide the entire floor into rooms or zones using light drywall partitions.

Room furnishing options

On the attic floor, you can equip absolutely any room: bedrooms, living rooms, children's and playrooms. If water supply is provided here, then the placement of a bathroom or kitchen is allowed. In small attics, it is logical to place only one spacious room and zoning it. If the floor is narrow, then two doorways are made from the entrance staircase to different rooms, which abut against opposite gables. Most often, attics are designed for bedrooms. The lack of space is usually caused by an increase in the family. The attic is a great option for arranging separate full-fledged children's rooms. This will give the child a personal space and at the same time not sacrifice the existing functional rooms.

Popular stylistic trends

In the design of the attic floors, they adhere to the principles of conciseness and lightness. The interior should be simple and unobtrusive. The stylistic direction necessarily emphasizes the extraordinary architectonics of the ceiling, which is so common on attic floors and turns asymmetry into a virtue, not a disadvantage. Since the use of massive furniture and an abundance of decor is undesirable, the classics in all its manifestations should be excluded. Most often, designers practice the use of the following styles:

Chalet. The Alpine direction is based on the use of wood. The array can be replaced with thin sheets veneer in the finish. They will be in harmony with the timber from which the house is built. The unusual architecture of the ceiling is complemented decorative beams and logs. Furniture uses a minimum: wicker chairs, chairs, a bed with wooden frame. Soft skins for the floor, deer antlers on the walls and stylish metal-framed lamps suspended on chains from the ceiling beams are chosen from the decor.
Minimalism. This style easily adapts to both small spaces and spacious rooms. All furniture is placed compactly. This direction is filled with the harmony of space, light and color. Ideal for an economy renovation. AT color scheme dominated by white and grey. The decor is practically not used. Of the furniture, only a low coffee table, a group of chairs, a compact corner wardrobe and a bed are left.
Laconic Russian ethnic style. A colorful direction, which is associated with towers in dense Siberian forests. The interior decoration is not striking in luxury: simple furniture is used, made in an artisanal way with rough, poorly processed surfaces. The interior is dominated by affordable wood - a material typical of Russian villages. The color palette uses all shades of brown: from dark chocolate to yellow. They decorate the room with homespun paths, embroidered curtains, groups of hand-painted dishes on stands. If there is a fireplace on the attic floor, then it is styled as an old Russian stove and whitewashed.
Provence. This is one of the subspecies of the rustic style. Indoors also prevail wooden surfaces. Furniture is chosen from old "grandmother's" sets, which are re-painted to give a more respectable look. The best decor will be fresh flowers in pots and porcelain vases. You can revive the room with the help of small sculpture, massive candelabra, flirty flower curtains and a group of soft pillows on a sofa or bed. The color palette is dominated by white and pastel colors.

Also, when arranging the attic, they use a light Japanese style, laconic Scandinavian and high-tech high-tech. If the building is built of brick, then a loft will fit such walls. They don't even have to be trimmed. naked brickwork become part of the interior.

Conclusion

Mansards are not only for private houses. In multi-storey buildings often sell apartments located directly under the roof. They usually have nothing to do with small-sized housing, striking large spaces. In such apartments, studios and workshops are equipped. However, the real comfort of a well-maintained attic in a private house cannot be compared with anything. The attic is a great option for large families on a budget.