Most fast way today's foundation construction is the use of blocks. Although this method has some drawbacks, it acts as a more profitable solution in terms of saving time. Any builder will tell you what to fill flat surface the foundation and work with it in the future is much more convenient, however, the concrete must reach the desired condition before you begin the construction of the building itself. As for the block foundation, it can be built in a short time, you can start work in the fall or spring, and such a foundation is suitable even for a change house.
Territory marking
Before you make a foundation for a change house, you must mark the area. To do this, you need to mark the boundaries of the building. It is better to do this with a rope, metal pegs and a building meter. When marking, it is important to consider that the width of the foundation should be greater than the width of the wall.
Excavation
Once the marking work is completed, you can begin to prepare the ground. If you plan to build a columnar foundation from blocks, then along the perimeter of the marking and inside it, it is necessary to prepare pits, the depth of which will be approximately 1.5 m. If we are talking about a strip foundation, then it will be necessary to remove upper layer soil and dig a trench that will be several centimeters wider than the blocks.
When building a foundation for a change house, you must remember that the depth of the trench will depend on the type of soil. If you have to work in sandstones, where the depth of the aquifer exceeds 2 m, then it will be enough to go deeper by 40 cm, in all other cases this parameter should be increased.
Work technology
The above stages are preparatory in nature, while the next step will be the main construction, which must be taken with responsibility. When building a foundation for a change house from blocks, you must connect the elements together cement mortar, which closes before masonry.
Do not dilute the solution with water during operation, as this may reduce contact. Blocks should be placed one above the other using the principle brickwork. In this case, deviations within 15 mm per 10 m are permissible. All seams and joints are filled with mortar to eliminate gaps.
Features of the construction of a columnar foundation
If you decide to build a foundation for a change house from blocks with your own hands, then the work may be based on the technology of building a columnar base. In this case, the design will look like this: the supporting pedestals are dug deep into the ground and are located along the perimeter of the marking and inside it. You can use this type of foundation for light buildings, this should include not only change houses, but also:
- wooden baths;
- country houses;
- garages.
The construction of such a foundation for a change house is carried out in just one day. Along the perimeter of the building, it is necessary to install cabinets in the prepared pits, the height of which will be approximately 40 cm. Their number depends on the weight and size of the change house. However, before starting the installation of the pillars, it is necessary to prepare the pits. Their bottom is compacted with a special tool or a long stick. Next, crushed stone is poured, this layer should have a thickness in the range of 10 to 12 cm. The next layer will be sand, the thickness of such preparation can be equal to the limit of 5 to 7 cm.
Work methodology
The surface is leveled, only after you can proceed with the installation of the first row. The elements are fastened together with cement mortar. When erecting a block foundation for a change house, you must remember that the supports must be leveled. If even the slightest inaccuracy is allowed, then this can lead to distortions, which will be quite problematic to correct. Therefore, when erecting a columnar foundation, it is necessary to monitor the level by first stretching the ropes between the supports.
The construction of the strip foundation
The strip foundation of the blocks will be more durable. It is a tape that will be located under the supporting elements. Blocks made of expanded clay concrete are better than others for work, as they are lighter than concrete ones. In addition, installing such products is quite easy. Their weight is only 30 kg.
erection strip foundation carried out according to the above scheme, however, a filter pad made of crushed stone and sand is placed in a trench. For the bottom row, pillow blocks should be used, and it is necessary to start laying them from the corners and those places where the walls will intersect. After installing the corner blocks, it is necessary to check their correct position using building level, only after that you can proceed to laying, focusing on the rope stretched between the first blocks.
After completing the installation of the bottom row, a waterproofing layer should be laid, which will prevent the penetration of moisture into the material. If you are thinking about the question of how to make a foundation for a change house with your own hands, then it is important to remember that with the help of metal pins it is necessary to mark the places for lighthouse wall elements of the second row. The bottom row is covered with cement mortar, only after that you can proceed to the installation of blocks from the next row.
The basis for a change house from tires
As an alternative solution, a tire foundation can be used. At the first stage, the construction site is cleared of stones and debris, after which a foundation pit is dug out on it, while taking into account the trench indent of 20 cm on each side. It is better to go deeper by 30 cm, however, the final value will depend on source material for filling.
If you are thinking about the question of how to make a foundation for a change house from tires, then it is important to follow the technology. At the next stage, it involves leveling and compacting the bottom of the trench. Next, you need to prepare the tires, laying one at a time at the bottom of the pit. They should be located end-to-end, parallel to the ground plane. The space inside the tires is filled with broken bricks, sand, earth and rubble. The space between the tires is filled according to the same principle. The embankment layer must be positioned so that the tires are completely covered.
Equipping the foundation for a change house from tires, you must prepare the basis for pouring. First of all, sheets of roofing material are laid, which will act as waterproofing. Then you can proceed to For this, a board and a bar are used. The formwork must be laid out in such a way as to obtain monolithic slab of concrete, serving as the upper part of the foundation.
The design is additionally reinforced, for this metal, channel or mesh is used. Filling is carried out with an ordinary solution, to which a plasticizer should be added. This will prevent the formation of cracks and chips. The poured solution is covered with a rag, which should be soaked in ammonia, this will save time for drying. Such a foundation for a change house is left for a week to gain strength and reliability. Then the formwork can be disassembled. It is important when pouring to observe the horizontal surface of the future plate. To check this parameter, you should use the building level.
Conclusion
The foundation acts as the foundation of any structure. Bring it up from the new building materials- pleasure is not cheap, so home craftsmen eventually began to look for budget solutions. The foundation for a change house can be built from tires. This approach is cost effective and easy to implement. A feature of this design is that the installation process does not imply that the master has special skills and experience.
This technology is suitable not only for change houses, but also for baths, gazebos, garages, sheds, and chicken coops. At the same time, two problems can be solved at once: to build a solid and inexpensive foundation, as well as to dispose of used tires.
The foundation for a change house, in contrast to the grounds for capital buildings, It has whole line features. Such a variant of light temporary buildings, like a change house, has long and firmly entered the everyday life of builders, lumberjacks, geologists and other people of "nomadic" professions, as well as simply summer residents. The change house combines a number of functions - it is a warehouse for tools, and a locker room, and temporary housing. In it, they wait out the bad weather, and often spend the night for quite a long time.
Therefore, despite all its “temporality”, the construction of a change house should be approached quite seriously. This fully applies to the construction of the foundation for such temporary buildings.
Features of the foundation for change houses
Since the change house, in most cases, is one of the types of temporary buildings, it is not advisable to build a capital foundation for it. The foundation for a change house, first of all, should be simple in device and inexpensive - to make it possible with your own hands, without the involvement of specialized equipment and expensive technologies.
Among the main options used is the base of small solid blocks. Piles are also often used, especially on marshy and soft soils.
Block variant
- an excellent way out for the device of the base on sufficiently strong soils. Such a base is quite easy to do with your own hands with a minimum of time and money.
First of all, the site is leveled at the site of the future installation of temporary buildings, all vegetation is removed - grass and shrubs. After that, if necessary, the soil will need to be tamped or spilled with water in order to avoid future penetration of the blocks into the ground under the weight of the building.
Then you need to backfill the pillow from coarse sand, gravel or gravel. The filling is leveled and also carefully rammed. For these purposes, it is quite possible to get by with a manual rammer, since the base of small blocks, like the whole structure as a whole, is quite light. You can make such a rammer from a cut of a large-section raw timber or a heavy raw chock, attaching handles on the sides for ease of use.
The next stage in the construction of the foundation for the change house is the marking of the area. In accordance with the dimensions of the building, pegs are hammered into the corners of the future building on the ground. After that, twine or thin wire is pulled over them, indicating the center lines of the base.
The base of the blocks can be either solid, tape type, or columnar. The first option most often consists of blocks that fit on concrete screed, or directly on a solid cushion of crushed stone or gravel.
This variant of a strip non-buried foundation of small blocks is only suitable for solid soils. In the case of a device of such a foundation on heaving water-saturated soils, there is a high probability of its deformation and destruction as a result of seasonal fluctuations in the soil surface.
Block placement
A more common option is when columns are erected from blocks at the corners of temporary buildings, and also, at certain intervals, along the perimeter of the building. The size of these gaps depends on the design and the total mass of the temporary building. Usually the step of the columns from the blocks is 1.5-2 m. In the places where the columns will be installed, a pillow of gravel or crushed stone is constructed.
After that, columns of the desired height are erected. One of the advantages of this technology is the ability to make a foundation for a change house without leveling the base. This is especially true in areas with a strong slope. To align the horizontal, it is enough just to make the columns on one side higher than on the other. Most optimal height pillars 20 - 40 cm above the soil level. This is enough to keep the lower part of the building from getting wet during the rains.
Solid blocks made of concrete, slag concrete, aerated concrete, etc. are best suited for arranging the foundation for temporary buildings. Hollow blocks, due to their lower strength, are prone to cracking under heavy loads. Therefore, when laying the columns, they should be poured inside with cement mortar.
Another option for columnar structures is to make a base from old car tires. This option is quite popular when creating do-it-yourself bases for light temporary or permanent buildings - change houses, baths, frame country houses. Here, instead of brick or block posts, car tires are used, laid on a bed of gravel and filled with concrete from the inside.
Thus, the tire also acts as a formwork for concrete. The main thing here is to correctly set the car tires on a horizontal level so that the weight of the change house is evenly distributed on all supports. If a change house is being built as a light temporary structure, for example, for the summer construction season, then tires stuffed with sand or gravel may well come off as a support.
Block base waterproofing
Between the posts and the bottom wooden beam buildings, it is necessary to make a waterproofing layer of roofing material. Instead of blocks for a columnar foundation, you can use ordinary building bricks. To avoid heat loss in winter time, the bottom of the temporary building along the perimeter is sewn up with boards with insulation. It is also possible to make a backfill from slag or sawdust around the change house.
Pile foundations
Foundations created using piles are quite common in areas with swampy soil, or in northern regions with a large depth of soil freezing.
This technology avoids seasonal deformation of the building. And because of its simplicity and cheapness, it is very suitable for the construction of foundations for temporary buildings. Properly installed piles can withstand quite a lot of weight.
There are several methods for deepening piles. Depending on this, piles have their own design features. Screw piles have spiral petals at the end, thanks to which they go deeper into the ground and stay there more firmly. Such piles can be screwed into the ground with your own hands using a manual pile driver, or you can use a mechanical pile driver that runs on diesel, gasoline or electricity.
The pile foundation shows itself best on heaving or swampy soils. However, in order to avoid deformation of the base of the building during the seasonal "walking" of the soil, the piles must be buried below the freezing level of the soil.
The driving method of deepening piles involves driving them with a special hammer - a copra. Usually it is a heavy multi-ton mechanism mounted on mobile cranes and excavators. But to install such a temporary building as a change house, it is quite possible to drive small piles with your own hands using a manual pile driver. It is a tripod, to the center of which is suspended a heavy load, lifted manually with a cable. This one, after lifting, is dumped onto a vertically installed pile, gradually driving it into the ground.
Watch a video on how to use screw piles for construction.
Bored piles
The third option is bored piles. This is perhaps the most affordable method for do-it-yourself installation of a foundation for a light temporary building such as a change house. To do this, with the help of a manual hole drill, recesses of 0.4-0.7 m are made, into which the formwork is inserted.
Asbestos-cement or plastic pipes large diameter, a box of boards or a sheet of roofing material rolled into a tube. Reinforcement is inserted inside such an improvised one, and concrete is poured to the desired level. When pouring concrete, it is important to carefully vibrate it by tapping on the formwork or internal reinforcement with a hammer, stick, etc.
This will avoid the formation of shells inside the pile and increase their strength. As can be seen from the above examples, it is not difficult to make a base for a change house with your own hands.
At the same time, this foundation can be designed both for one or two seasons of service, and for a sufficiently long period of time, when a change house is built as an outbuilding on personal plot.
feel and how long it will stay. It is not enough to buy a reliable and comfortable change house from a trusted manufacturer - it is important to install it correctly. How to do this, we described in detail in this review.
So, the first thing you should pay attention to is the place where your country change house will stand. It needs to be prepared. If there is young growth or dense vegetation, cut down, and dig up the roots and stumps using a wheeled tractor (you can order it in the nearest village).
When the site is prepared, you need to choose one of the installation options:
On a concrete foundation that goes 20-30 cm deep. This is the most reliable option, but it is relatively expensive. With an average price of a change house of 30,000 - 50,000 rubles, the installation of a foundation can add another 30-40% of this amount to the total costs.
On a layer of poured rubble. This is the simplest and most cheap option, but it has a serious minus - over time, rubble is washed out and the change house draws down.
On foundation blocks - usually made of concrete. This is the most common and popular option, which is great for summer cottages Moscow and Moscow region.
In its work, the company "ZagorodStroy" uses exactly last option because it has an optimal price/quality ratio. We recommend it for correct installation cabins.
First you need to level the site with sand (as a rule, it takes no more than 1-1.5 cubes), and only then proceed to the installation of blocks. The number of blocks depends on the size of the country change house, but count in such a way that it is enough to make a perimeter of 2 rows (with blocks - 0.2x0.2x0.4 m). In this case, the blocks should be laid so that they create a perfectly flat plane - a water level and a long straight beam are excellent for this task.
In order for the blocks not to go into the ground over time and the change house does not “sag”, it is necessary to put tiles under the blocks (for example, 0.4x0.4 m). And so that the tree is not saturated with moisture from the block, you can put pieces of roofing material or any other similar material on them.
After all the work on the construction of the site for the change house is completed, you can order its delivery by a crane. At the same time, installation on blocks using a crane is carried out quite quickly - only 10-15 minutes. That's all. The change house is installed.
As in the case of delivery, the installation of a change house can be ordered and, thus, save yourself from unnecessary trouble. In the ZagorodStroy company, the cost of this service is a small part of the cost of the change house itself.
In fact, in "ZagorodStroy" you pay only for the work of our specialists. No markup or overpayment. The fact is that we make a profit from the manufacture of change houses, and we provide all additional services at cost as a bonus for our customers.
Set up a shed. Stages passed
1. Preparation of the territory.
There was a forest in the area. Young and very thick. So the opportunity to go into the depths, if not on 
tank, there was none.
They chopped almost a couple of months last year on weekends: August / September.
In May, a wheeled tractor was ordered from a neighboring village, which dug up stumps with a bucket. The pits were (still remain) as after the bombing 6-((
To enter the site, it was decided to level the mounds and pits with a grader. But it would be better not to mess with the local "mandatory" tractor driver. Dynamite still.
In short, in hand-to-hand combat for one day off, I prepared the surface for the entrance of a truck with a CHANGE HOUSE.
2. The choice of a change house / company.
There were several of them.
A) buy from a friend. Rather, pick up for free, and attend only to delivery.
But he had 2 * 3, which is extremely small - you put the wheelbarrow and there is no more room. And taking into account the delivery, the option became doubtful for me.
B) do it yourself. Well, I didn’t want to have trouble, and my parents will still have to beat an extension to the utility block in August (at a working dacha). Dropping out...
C) buy from a well-known company H. Cheaper. But the queue until the end of July. And another minus - delivery on Kamaz with dumping to the ground 6-(
D) buy in company Y. More expensive than in X. But, + delivery in June! And + unloading by the manipulator.
E) buy a team 6 * 2.5! In the company Z. Assembly by hand during the day. But the price is under 80t.r.
G) buy on the highway next to the site on the highway. Dimensions are standard 6*2.3. I looked and was disappointed: the width inside is about 2.0 m, the height of the ceilings is also small - about 2.0, if not 1.95. And the price is for 60t.r. :-((
I choose option D.
It turned out I was taking a big risk.
The price is higher than on the Internet price list: surcharge for galvanizing the roof, for using a manipulator, for overrunning over 50 km, for blocks ...
And there is no contract, only an advance payment (a ticket and that's it) ...
From add. Pluses - I found on the territory a variant of a change house with a sloping roof (standard - shed) - with a ceiling height of 2.15 m, and this pleased me. This is exactly what I ordered. Without a vestibule, room 1 (waiting room) 2.3 * 2.5, room 2 - 2.3 * 3.5.
3. Pre installation work.
I bought blocks 0.2 * 0.2 * 0.4 for 80 rubles. a piece. 4 pcs. in 2 rows. He poured and cleared the site. It took 1-1.5 cubic meters of sand. Borrowed a wheelbarrow from neighbors.
Installed blocks. I leveled it according to the water level and with the help of a neighboring 6-meter beam. Moreover, it was necessary to take into account the center-to-center distance of the runners of the change house.
4. Delivery.
Delivery day. The phone call promised the day before did not come through. We called (wife, I fiddled with the blocks). They said they would bring it in the second half on Sunday. A d.b. in the first!
On Sunday morning it was raining, not heavy. The carrier was delayed on the first order. Sdreyfil tell me, they say I won’t drive through the wet grass - I’ll stall ... And if I can’t enter the 2nd time, I’ll pay, like, a threat. I think it was just that there was a reluctance at 15:00, and he was still not at the base where to load.
In short, I am evil. I'm canceling delivery. On Monday I called the office - yelled (that's where the contract is needed!), I say, they say, the sun is shining dryly - take me. They have all the cars painted for me until such and such a date. Me: I don’t know anything, move other customers, it will rain again from Wednesday. I need it urgently!
Promised Tuesday morning. I spent the whole Monday studying the forecast for Tuesday. And the forecast on almost all sites is rain. Well, in the morning I will pour will cancel the delivery again. But, lucky… in the morning with the weather everything was GUT.
The dissatisfied carrier was at my site at 11:30. And in 10-15 minutes of operation of the manipulator - the change house stood on blocks, and evenly. Only one block is gone.
The doors opened. OK.
I gave the rest of the money (in total it cost 51600 rubles). I let go of the driver. Began to inspect the mansions.
Outside painted, some reddish-brown. antiseptic! Inside trimmed for some reason eurolining! And most importantly internal! Dimensions! Width 2.1, height 2.15, which is exactly what I wanted, especially the “high” ceiling.
Of the minuses:
Wet grayed floor, How to treat?
Mediocre assembly, especially seen in the doorways,
A bunch of nails are driven in - hats are all around (it looks clumsy on eurolining),
Well, maybe. another frame - one sash opens (but this is not particularly scary).
Change house for a summer residence. How to choose and put on the site
For those summer residents whose plans do not yet include large-scale construction, but want to live in nature, summer cottages have been invented. They are sold ready-made, and the process of transportation and installation does not take much time.
It has long been known that there is nothing more permanent than temporary. Having taken ownership land plot under the dacha, everyone draws in his imagination a two-story palace with a terrace, winter garden and gazebos. However, it is not possible to immediately launch the construction of a house, because there is not enough strength, time, and money. And then Solomon's decision is made: to put a hastily assembled shed-change house in the country house - for a couple of months, until a full-fledged construction begins. It is clear that quite often construction does not begin either in a couple of months or in a couple of years. And the temporary house imperceptibly turns into a permanent summer residence.
So for own dacha should be taken as seriously as possible. Right country house ik will serve faithfully to its owners for decades: even when you build a real house, the change house can turn into a guest outbuilding, a summer kitchen, a shower room or a workshop.
Action plan
The range of cottages on the market is very wide. There is only one limitation - the dimensions of the houses. Finding a change house with a width of more than 2.3 m and a length of more than 7 m is quite difficult due to the fact that a large house cannot be transported to open car without special permission from the traffic police. The rest are options. interior decoration, location of windows, doors and internal partitions- can be done at the request of the buyer.
Before choosing a change house, it would be good to draw a plan for the improvement of the site, think in advance where it will stand and how it will function: where will the real house be, and where is the summer kitchen, shed or guest house, into which the change house can later turn. Those who start construction without thinking through everything to the smallest detail are later forced to redo and move everything.
Preliminary marking of the site must be carried out, not forgetting that, according to the current rules (SNiP 30-02-97 "Planning and development of territories of horticultural associations ..."), any buildings must be at least 5 m away from the street line. And the distance from garden house to the border of the neighboring garden plot should not be less than 3 m, otherwise there may be problems with neighbors when re-registering the site. Everything else - orientation to the cardinal points and position on the site - is a matter of taste. It would be useful, however, to take into account the insolation of the premises: as a rule, the windows of living rooms are oriented to the south, east or northeast, common rooms - to the west. If windows are oriented to the southwest, rooms can heat up more than a comfortable temperature. 
Shield and timber
Change houses are country There are three types of change houses: panel, frame and timber. The cheapest, but also the most short-lived - panel change house. Outside, it is sheathed with a non-solid clapboard, and fiberboard is upholstered from the inside. Between them put a heater (glass wool or polystyrene). The floor is made of a board about 21 mm thick, and the roof is covered with iron. The price of a switchboard change house does not exceed 10-12 thousand rubles, another question is whether this short-lived and fragile structure is even worth that much money. The design of this change house does not have stiffeners, which means that after some time it will “lead”, and the house will turn into a slanted hut.
A frame change house is much more profitable in terms of price-quality ratio. The role of the main bearing element here is played by wooden frame from a bar measuring 50 x 50 mm. It gives the building the necessary stability and is able to withstand heavy loads.
The finished frame, repeating the contours of the future house, is lined with clapboard on the outside, and internal walls cover with the same clapboard, plywood or fiberboard. The price of the change house depends on what material the walls are finished with. The best and, therefore, the most expensive option for interior decoration is lining. Plywood and fiberboard are not so reliable and durable: if the house shrinks, the walls can swell and bulge. In addition, these materials actively absorb moisture and deform.
The floor and ceiling in the frame change house are made double. Below - the so-called draft board, and above - batten not less than 32 mm thick. Between all external layers of cladding (walls, floor and ceiling) lay mineral insulation and vapor barrier, which should prevent finishing materials get damp inside the house. Typically used as a heater mineral wool type Ursa 5 cm thick with good heat and sound insulation properties. And the role of a waterproofing agent is performed by a cellophane film or glassine.
A simple frame change house without internal partitions, with a minimum number of windows and doors, costs from 27 thousand rubles. A more decent house will cost 38-40 thousand rubles. The most durable and expensive change houses are built from coniferous timber with a section of 100 x 150 mm. Outside and inside, the beam must be planed, and the seams should be insulated with tow or linen.
The walls in such houses are usually not sheathed, and the lining is used to install the ceiling, doors and internal partitions. Prices for bar change houses start from 45 thousand rubles.
Roofs for all types of change houses can be single or double slope. There is no fundamental difference: shed roofs more often do small houses up to 5 m long. As a rule, galvanized iron sheets are used for roofing.
In the basic version, double-leaf opening windows with one glass - there are one or two of them, depending on the length of the change house - have a size of 80 x 80 cm.
When calculating the budget, it is worth remembering that as a result, the price of a change house can increase significantly.
For example, if you want to install double glasses instead of single glasses, then on average you will have to pay about 400-500 rubles extra for each window. An additional window will already cost about 1.2-1.5 thousand rubles, the same amount of money will be spent on an additional paneled or stacked door. Double insulation will cost 50-70 rubles. per square meter.
But the walls of even an insulated change house are only 80-85 mm thick, so it is not recommended to count on year-round living in it. Powerful heaters can quickly raise the temperature to a comfortable level, but they will have to work all the time: the change house hardly keeps heat and will freeze very quickly when the electricity is turned off.
Purchasing power
Change houses are summer It is possible to choose the necessary option of a change house in any construction market or on the Internet. "Virtual" change houses, especially if you look for them on the websites of manufacturers, will cost less than on the market. But even if you found a house via the Internet, you will need to come to the company in person. There you will make an advance payment (on average 30-50% of the cost), and also conclude an agreement, where all the nuances should be noted, starting with the dimensions and type of window glazing and ending with the address and delivery time. Usually, sellers of change houses include delivery within 70-100 km from the Moscow Ring Road in the price, each next kilometer will cost 20-30 rubles. Therefore, the same people will need to name the delivery address and draw a route plan to the site.
If the entrances to the destination are in poor condition, it is better to warn the seller about this. He will choose a transport that will not get stuck at the entrances to the site or already on it.
As a rule, sellers undertake to complete an order in 10-14 days. On the eve of delivery, the buyer is called and discusses with him the details of the meeting on the spot.
Preparatory work
Summer cottages Having signed a contract for the delivery of a house, it's time to prepare the site for its installation. Change houses are light structures, but it is impossible to put them directly on the ground. So that the tree does not come into contact with the ground, it is necessary to build a columnar foundation. The posts are installed at a distance of 2 m from each other in the corners and perimeter of the house. The columns can be made right on the site from a mixture of concrete and sand or made of bricks and stone, or you can buy them together with a change house.
Companies selling change houses offer reinforced concrete blocks measuring 20 x 20 x 40 cm at a price of 85-100 rubles. a piece. You can consult the sellers about how to put the columns under the chosen change house option.
They can also take the phone of one of the "lured" construction teams, whose services will cost 1-2 thousand rubles.
However, to prepare the site according to the forces and non-specialists. Where the posts will be installed, it is necessary to remove the soil to a depth of 10-15 cm and make a sand cushion to the ground level, and put a post on it. The height of the column above the ground should be about 20 cm, but if the selected site has a slope, the height will have to be varied to level the foundation.
If the site is located on clay soil or where ground water close to the surface of the earth, the pillars will have to be dug a little deeper. This is done as follows: a hole 40 cm deep is dug under the post, it is filled with compacted sand by 20 cm, and a standard concrete block (20 x 20 x 40 cm) is placed on top of the sand cushion. Between the column and the hole they fall asleep and tamp the earth.
The one who delivers it will undertake to put the change house on the prepared base. True, for this service, the buyer may be asked for additional money in the range of 1 thousand rubles.
For those summer residents whose plans do not yet include large-scale construction on their personal plot, but want to live in nature, summer cottages were designed. Currently, on the market you can buy both ready-made turnkey structures and order individual design, taking into account all the wishes and requirements.
It has long been known that there is nothing more permanent than temporary. And many, having received a land plot, draw in their imagination two-storey houses with gazebos, fountains on the territory. However, unfortunately, not many people can afford such a large-scale construction, because it requires investments not only physical and emotional, but also financial. And then a decision is made about what is needed. And it seems that this is a solution for just a while, exactly until a full-fledged construction begins. But, as it happens with us, it may not start either in a couple of months, or in a couple of years. And then the house imperceptibly turns into a permanent summer residence.
Therefore, the choice of building must be taken as seriously as possible. A correctly chosen country house will delight its owners for decades, even if there is a large and spacious house.
The choice of country houses
The modern market offers an abundance of such buildings. These can be ordinary buildings with no frills or buildings with verandas, equipped with everything necessary for comfortable rest on the homestead. However, there is still some limitation - the size. Therefore, even with such a wide range, it is very difficult to find a change house with a width of more than 2.3 m and a length of more than 7 meters, since it cannot be transported in an open vehicle without special permission. As for the rest of the nuances, for example, the location of doors, the number of rooms, windows - it all depends on the desire and imagination of the customer, especially since today a summer cottage can be made according to individual design, taking into account all the wishes and requirements of the buyer. These can be ordinary structures or buildings with a veranda, several rooms and equipped with everything you need:
- ventilation;
- air conditioning;
- bathroom;
- rest room;
- kitchen;
- dressing room;
- utility room.
Where to install a change house in a summer cottage?
Before proceeding with the choice, you need to consider where it will be installed new design. That is, it is necessary to take into account the future or already existing location of a large house, as well as to make a preliminary marking of the territory, taking into account the current rules prescribed in (SNiP 30-02-97). Among the most important conditions are:
- the building should be located at a distance of at least 5 meters from the street line;
- the distance from the garden building to the border of the neighboring plot should not be less than 3 meters.
You can not ignore the location of windows and doors. If it is, then you need to take this into account so that later you don’t have to drink tea and look at a large building country house or fence neighbors.
In other words, the acquisition of such a design does not relieve a person of some responsibilities. Since even such an acquisition needs a serious approach to the selection process, as well as installation.
The change house is the simplest non-capital structure designed to solve problems that are not related to more or less long stay. In particular, it can store inventory and tools, workwear, use it as a locker room, and the like.
Change house - perfect option for giving, which is used not for outdoor recreation, but as a real garden plot. Under such conditions, it is useless to build a full-fledged house, but some kind of room is still necessary. However, a change house can be installed even if the house already exists. As we have already said, completely different functions are assigned to it.
Change houses for summer cottages can have various design solutions. It can be a ready-made trailer, or it can be a simple wooden structure. In any case, her main distinctive features from other structures:
- Lack of a complete foundation;
- General simplicity of construction (one floor, use of light materials, no interior layout);
- Possibility of carrying, without loss of properties.
The simplest version of the change house, of course, is a ready-made trailer. Theoretically, it can be installed directly on the ground (after leveling the site). But in practice, we would not recommend doing this - the bottom will wear out quickly due to corrosion and decay.
An option that is often practiced by beekeepers is the installation of a change house on a wheeled platform. However, if you do not plan to change the location of the change house every year, this approach will not work for you either.
Thus, we are approaching one of the most optimal installation methods, which is suitable for both trailers and built change houses. It consists in installing a change house on a highly simplified version of a columnar foundation.
In its simplest form, it may look like several blocks (bricks) supporting the corners of the change house, slightly lifting it above the ground. In principle, this will be enough to exclude contact with the ground and accelerated wear of the bottom (floor) of the change house.
If you want to get something more solid, you have to work a little:
- Site leveling. At this stage, we level the site for the change house, clean it from vegetation and other debris. Ideally, it would be nice to remove a layer of turf and make a sand cushion, but this is already for a completely reliable foundation.
- A layer of waterproofing material (thick polyethylene film perfect) in such a way that it goes beyond the boundaries of the future change house.
- The insulating material is sprinkled with sand, which is compacted. If you are already tired, then you can put a light change house right now.
- If you are not tired, then install concrete blocks around the perimeter of the change house site. You can also put a couple in the middle.
- It is advisable to cover the upper end of the blocks with a dense insulating material, such as roofing material.
- A change house can be installed on the resulting structure - it will be reliably protected from moisture.
- If we are talking about building a change house for a summer residence, then a little more blocks will be needed to ensure better stability. The main thing in this case is to make the floors correctly, but this is a separate issue.
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