Devices for sharpening planer knives. Do-it-yourself homemade knife sharpening - create a knife sharpener using drawings

Planers and thickness gauges are no longer a rarity in country houses and cottages. Thanks to them, you can purchase raw lumber and bring it to the purity of processing you need, which certainly saves you money.

But whatever one may say, the knives used in machine tools become dull and have to be sharpened. It is one thing if you are near special workshops where knives are rented for sharpening, and it is quite another thing if there are no such workshops nearby.

In addition, many are not satisfied with the price for sharpening and the quality of the work performed. It is in such cases that you have to sharpen the knives yourself. If by occupation, you have to do this often, then it is best to make a grinding machine in which emery or knives will move. There are plenty of such proposals and projects on the Internet. Moreover, for the manufacture of such a machine, various materials from aluminum metal and wood are suitable.

In addition, when making a knife holder, which can be made from a block of wood, sawing through 45-degree cuts with a circular saw, you can sharpen the knives with a belt grinder or on a large block. If there is no large bar, then on smooth surface, metal, wood, chipboard or glass, fixed sandpaper and with its help, sharpening is carried out.

Knife holders, or as they are called knife sharpeners, can be made from improvised materials, but metal corners that have 90 degrees are best suited, if you place two knives on the sides, you get a sharpening angle of 45 degrees for each knife. And you can fix the knives with a second corner using screws.

However, each blade design is different. So you can invent various options. The main thing is that the knives are sharpened equally along the entire length and have the same sharpening angle.
Author RBT

Owners of planers and electric planers periodically face the problem of sharpening cutting edges. A well-sharpened tool will ensure clean woodworking even at non-ideal angles and speeds. The easiest way to sharpen knives and knife heads with your own hands using specialized equipment.

Sharpening of knives is necessary

planer knife sharpening

Planer knives require timely maintenance because:

• dull surfaces do not process wood well;
• when processing soft rocks with blunt knives, the surface is covered with pile and irregularities;
• worn edges crumble;
• during planing with blunt edges, the engine and power units are overloaded.

Attempts to sharpen blades with your own hands using diamond stones, as a rule, give a short-term result. Due to poor-quality editing, the blades have to be sharpened soon. Therefore, professional carpenters use only mechanical sharpening.

Types and designs of machines

The machines on the market are distinguished by the knife feed mechanism:

sharpening machine planer knives with manual feed consists of:

• grounds;
• abrasive stone;
• carriages for fixing the knife.

During processing, the cutter moves progressively with the help of a handle. The lateral movement of the cutter is provided by a flywheel.

Automatic machines differ in size and set of options. Mechanisms for industrial applications installed on a powerful cast-iron frame. The carriage is equipped with a support. You can set the speed of movement of the blade and the thickness of the removed metal layer. Industrial machines allow you to sharpen several planer blades at the same time without changing the settings.

	Corvette K-470	WTG-163	GA-630	GA-850	ZX-1000
Maximum length of knives, mm	630	630	640	850	1000
Abrasive disc diameter, mm	100	150	125	125
Sharpening angle, hail	35…55	up to 30	35…45	35…45	up to 30
Engine power, W	550	550	850	850	1500
Dimensions, cm	90 x 48 x 42	100 x 60 x 65	100 x 54 x 120	120 x 54 x 120	190 x 56 x 150
Weight, kg	75	60	112	125	250
Add. intelligence	Equipped with asynchronous motor wet sharpening possible	Processes cutters circular saws	Wet sharpening possible	Can sharpen up to 4 blades, wet	Wet method available, cup type sanding disc, controlled via remote control

Table 1. Characteristics of some models of machines for sharpening planer knives

Compact automatic machines for home and small workshops are designed to process one torch at a time. They also provide speed control and automatic feed tool.

Before starting work on any sharpening equipment, you should make sure that the bed is firmly attached. The vibration of the machine worsens the quality of sharpening and can lead to injury to the master.

Basic rules for using manual feed equipment

machine for sharpening planer knives Corvette-470

Such machines are used for one-time work and do-it-yourself sharpening of small batches of blades, since the processing process is quite long.

• Before starting work, make sure that the grinding surface is clean, free of stains and streaks.
• The movement of the carriage should be smooth, without jerks and jerks. It is forbidden to stop it at the moment the cutter approaches the grindstone.
• The faster the carriage moves, the lower the quality of sharpening. The optimal speed of movement is 5 - 6 m / minute.
• For proper sharpening, the amplitude of the movement of the carriage is important. For the passage in each direction, it should move 10 - 13 cm beyond the end of the knife. This ensures optimum contact between cutter and sharpener, which must be interrupted before moving in the opposite direction.

Basic rules for working on automatic machines

• Planer knives can be sharpened dry or wet. In the second case, the blade is constantly washed by a jet of water. The wet method is more gentle on the blade and more efficient;
• Before starting processing, it is necessary to set the parameters: sharpening angle, carriage movement amplitude. The amplitude should be 15 cm more than the length of the knife;
• Do-it-yourself blades are carefully fixed in a mobile carriage.

Homemade machine for sharpening planer knives

machine for sharpening planer knives Kraton-630

The design, made at home with your own hands, allows you to quickly and accurately sharpen knives at one set angle. The factory angle will change, so all blades will need to be resharpened. The quality of planing will not deteriorate, but may improve.

To make a device for sharpening straight blades of planers, planers and thicknessers with your own hands, you need:

• metal corner №50;
• round pipe with a diameter of not more than 50 mm;
• electric motor from washing machine;
• powerful spring;
• bolt with nut;
• plastic handle (knob);
• Bulgarian;
• welding machine.

Making a machine with your own hands.

1. Cut off a corner about 50 cm long.
2. We bend two pieces of the pipe in such a way that we get a stable stand for the corner, weld the legs. The corner should be located vertically to the master.
3. At the left end, around the corner, we attach the electric motor. It is placed on two points: a rigid axis and a powerful spring; The spring is tightened and released with the adjusting screw, moving the motor closer or further away from the guide-corner.
4. We put an abrasive wheel on the motor shaft.
5. The engine is started by a switch placed on the frame in a convenient place.
6. We feed the tool with the help of home-made vices from a piece of pipe 25 cm long, a pressure plate, a bolt with a nut and a knob. We clamp the knife in a vice and move it along the guide, holding the knob.

Video review of this machine model:

stanokgid.ru

Articles

Dedicated to the owners of planers, jointers and electric planers.....

Each owner of planers, planers and electric planers faced the need to sharpen knives for their equipment. Having a specialized small machine for sharpening planer knives will not be difficult for you to do this. It will also be true to turn to a sharpening workshop where your planer knives will be sharpened quickly and inexpensively.

Is it possible to sharpen planer and planer knives at home?

Maybe. And you can sharpen planer knives on a sharpener. Yes, on the grinder. But only for this you need a modern low-speed grinder (or rather, even a grinding machine) with water cooling. The best option is to use Tormek T7. Naturally, such knives are not sharpened by hand. For their sharpening, we use a special tool Tormek SVH 320.
For high-quality sharpening of planer knives, a smooth and not greasy grinding stone is required. Align the Tormek SG 250 grinding stone with the Tormek TT-50 grinding stone alignment and straightening tool that comes with the Tormek T7.
After dressing, we smooth the grinding stone with a Tormek SP-650 sharpening stone cleaning and leveling bar. Having prepared the grinding stone, let's start sharpening the planer knives. We remove the universal stop and install the special stop that comes with Tormek SVH 320.

We screw into it a screw that regulates the angle of inclination of the knife to be sharpened relative to the grinding stone. With this screw, we will be able to set the required sharpening angle in the future.

We take the blade holder supplied with the SVH 320 and install our planer knife into it.

Tormek recommends sharpening blades and knives with a width of at least 13 mm. The length of the knife is not so important, because. it is possible to rearrange the long knife in the holder. However, this can be argued, because. I have doubts about the convenience and quality of sharpening long knives with rearrangement. It is very important to correctly install the knife in the holder, because. otherwise it will be sharpened with a warp. When installing the knife in the holder, we rest the back of the knife against the stop and clamp it with the screws of the holder. For precise setting and control of the set sharpening angle with a marker, paint over the sharpened chamfer of the knife.

Now, by the nature of the sharpening stone marks on the painted blade, we can estimate the angle of inclination and correct it in the required proportions. We install the holder with a knife on the stop fixed on Tormek. Lower the holder with the knife with the adjusting screws of the stop until it touches the grinding stone.

With the adjusting screw for setting the angle, we set the angle of the knife relative to the stone. Manually rotating the sharpening stone, by the nature of the marks on the painted blade, we determine whether it is necessary to adjust the angle of inclination of the holder with the knife. We make adjustments if necessary.

So, having set the required angle, we proceed directly to sharpening. For a fixed removal of metal from a knife being sharpened, there are two sliders on the stop with a scale division of 0.1 mm. It is assumed that the sharpener can adjust the amount of removal in exact proportions. Be sure to securely fix the fence after each feed with two clamping screws so that there is no oscillation of the fence during sharpening. Sharpening of the knife is carried out by moving the holder with the knife to the right to the left relative to the grinding stone.

It is not permissible for the knife to be sharpened to go beyond the edge of the grinding stone. It is recommended to stop the holder 12 mm before the edge of the circle. To eliminate errors, stops are provided that can be moved and set the required holder stroke. We did not use these stops, relying on our experience. It should be noted that during the sharpening of the planer knife, water accumulates and distributes on the knife blade from the grinding stone, which leads to water runoff onto the body of the sharpening machine and onto the floor. And there is a lot of this water. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly add water to the Tormek water tank. To reduce water spillage on the body, it is recommended to place a 6 mm high pad under the right leg of the machine (under the honing leather wheel).

However, this measure does not completely eliminate the ingress of water on the body of the Tormek T7. However, Tormek T7 has good protection and he is not afraid of such water baths.

Another annoyance when sharpening a planer knife was that the SG 250 stone was constantly clogged, which reduced sharpening efficiency and increased sharpening time. I had to clean it regularly with an SP-650 sharpening stone cleaning and leveling stone. Of course, what material the knife is made of is of great importance. In our case, a knife made of HSS steel was sharpened and given stone had to be constantly corrected. When sharpening knives made of tool (softer steel), there is a more intensive removal of chalk and sharpening is faster. To sharpen HSS knives, it is recommended to use another Tormek SB 250 stone.

So, after 20 minutes of sharpening, we have an even, smooth, beautiful bevel of the knife with a stable, even burr on the cutting edge.

The knife needs finishing. We finish the planer knife on a Tormek T7 leather wheel using Tormek PA-70 finishing and polishing paste.

First, we bring the working plane of the knife, then its chamfer. We make sure that there is no burr on the cutting edge of the knife. Once the burr is removed, the knife is sharpened and ready to go. After sharpening, we checked the geometry of the knife. The knife had a strict parallelism of the cutting edge and back. Even despite the rather large sharpening angle, the knife sharpened by us perfectly cut a sheet of paper.

Let's summarize:

1. To sharpen planer knives, you do not need to have complex and expensive machines. It is enough to have a Tormek T7 and a special attachment Tormek SVH 320 2. After sharpening on the Tormek T7, you get a well-sharpened planer knife with an unchanged geometry.

Identified shortcomings:

1. At the entrance of sharpening from the knife being sharpened, water pours abundantly on the desktop and machine body, which causes some discomfort. Even resorting to certain tricks, it is not possible to completely get rid of this inconvenience.

2. The Tormek SG 250 sharpening stone is regularly oiled and needs to be cleaned and leveled with a Tormek SP-650 whetstone. There is an assumption that if you use a Tormek SB 250 stone, this trouble will be eliminated.

www.grinding.ru

Description of sharpening knives for woodworking machines

Sharpening knives for woodworking machines is a mandatory process that you can do yourself with the help of special tools. Sharpening is the restoration of the previous cutting capabilities of hacksaws, scissor shafts, planers, planers and other devices for woodworking.

• 1 General information
• 2 Preparations

Photo of sharpened knives

• To sharpen the knife block of the planer, planer, you will need the appropriate tool;
• Sharpening work is done by hand;
• Craftsmen learned how to assemble grinding devices;
• When restoring hacksaws, jointers, sharpening knife shafts, be sure to follow a few recommendations, clearly follow the technology;
• If the teeth of the hacksaws, the knife shafts are not sharpened correctly, the quality of wood processing with tools will deteriorate significantly;
• Grindstones are a good alternative to a grinder. But if it is possible to assemble with your own hands or purchase grinder be sure to use it.

Scheme of the device of the machine for sharpening knives of woodworking machines

If you need to sharpen knives for a woodworking machine, you should start with the mandatory preparation steps. It is not so important what parameters the knife shaft or cutting sheets of hacksaws have 13 mm, 20 mm or all 200 mm, they will definitely need sharpening.

Some people prefer to give blunt shafts to special workshops, where they can easily restore the previous sharpness of a 200 mm knife or a small cutter. lathe. But both ordering sharpening and buying new knife shafts is a financially costly business.

Preparation for sharpening begins with an acquaintance with available means restoration of surfaces of cutting tools and some recommendations.

1. To keep jointers, planers, and hacksaws in working order, assemble or purchase an appropriate sharpening tool.
2. Simplest, a budget option- it grindstone. But the quality of processing directly depends on your ability to work with a stone. If there are none, it is extremely difficult to achieve the desired level of sharpening. Plus, stones are not able to cope with all types of cutting tools that modern woodworking machines are equipped with.
3. Choose a machine that can sharpen at low speeds, as this has a positive effect on the quality of processing.
4. The recommended element of equipment of the grinding machine is a water cooling system.
5. Carefully study the complete set of household woodworking machines. Often there is already a whetstone, which is optimally suited in terms of parameters for processing the knives used.
6. If the stone is not provided in the package, it will have to be purchased separately, aligned with a special tool, and smoothed. Only in this way can you sharpen the knife shafts of planers with high quality.
7. On machines there is a function of setting the angle of inclination, adjustable with a special screw. Turning the screw and changing position grinder, you will be able to properly secure the tool against the stone.
8. Next preparatory stage- this is the holder in which the knife shaft is installed.
9. If you are a beginner, it is not recommended to start the first job with 200 mm knives. Start literally with 13-15 mm, and gradually you will learn how to process 200 mm and even 2 mm. To do this, you need to accumulate some experience.
10. The length of the knife is not a fundamental parameter, since the knife in the holder can move to the distance you need.
11. Make sure to keep firmly fixed the shaft. Otherwise, you will get a significant distortion, due to which the quality of woodworking will suffer.
12. Read the instruction manual of the purchased grinder in detail. If this is a do-it-yourself tool, you will have to rely on the drawings and available information on the network about a specific sharpening project.

sharpening

In order for the sharpening of knives for a woodworking machine to give a positive result, you can resume work with the equipment at the same quality level, you need to adhere to a few enough simple rules.

1. The sharpener holder can move left and right relative to the knife sharpening stone.
2. Don't let the blade go over the edge.
3. Immediately fix the holder at a distance of 12 mm from the edge of the grinding wheel.
4. When sharpening knives of 200 mm or smaller, make sure that the water cooling function is activated on the machine.
5. The cooling system requires constant monitoring. The tank usually has a small volume, so water needs to be topped up periodically. If it ends, and the sharpening process continues without cooling, you risk ruining a rather expensive knife.
6. As the knives are processed, water from the cooling system may accumulate on the floor. Since grinders are electrical appliances, be sure to keep water away from your feet by wearing rubber boots. In any case, stand in a puddle of water when working with electric machine- it's always dangerous. Adhere to safety regulations.
7. Keep the grindstone clean. It gets dirty quite quickly with active use.
8. The grinding wheels of machine tools are cleaned using a special tool. Machines should be equipped with this cleaning bar, but if it is not in the set, then you will have to purchase it separately.
9. Each subsequent sharpening, according to the rules of operation, is carried out only on condition that the stone is cleaned. Therefore, after each sharpening, arm yourself with a cleaning bar, processing the machine with it.
10. Average per sharpening with special machine takes about 10-20 minutes. It all depends on the type and size of the tool that has become dull as a result of woodworking operations.
11. After sharpening the tools of woodworking machines, do not rush to return them to their place and continue working. After processing on the machine, the tool needs to be fine-tuned.
12. Finishing consists in applying a special paste to the surface of the cutting element. Proceed according to the instructions provided by the manufacturer of finishing paste on the package. Different pastes may differ slightly in application methods.

If you did everything right, then the knife should turn out to be perfectly even, sharply sharpened, devoid of any irregularities, burrs. Do not worry when the first time the result does not live up to expectations. This takes some time and some experience. That's why it's worth starting with simple and inexpensive knives that you don't mind ruining.

tvoistanok.ru

What you need to know about sharpening jointer knives

Jointer and jointer have long been one of the most popular carpentry tools, they have not lost their relevance today. The question of how to sharpen jointer knives is of interest to many specialized specialists, since a tool fully prepared for work allows you to achieve best quality work. The first thing to do is to remove the knife and chipbreaker, which must be unscrewed before work. A used tool must be cleaned of contaminants, such as resin, it is best removed with gasoline.

To sharpen a knife of a planing and jointing type, it is better to use specialized devices. The procedure is also carried out manually, in addition, the device for sharpening jointer knives can be assembled independently. When working, you need to follow a number of rules, you can use several technologies. Regardless of which sharpening option you use, you need to follow the instructions as accurately as possible. Otherwise, you can achieve poor-quality work of the tool, the functions of which the carpenter will not be able to use 100%. If you are thinking about how to sharpen jointer knives at home, then use ordinary whetstones, although ideal option there will be a choice of professional grinding machine with cooling function.

Preparation for sharpening knives

Sharpening of jointer knives can be done better if you choose a fixture with low speed and high quality. If you want to use a grindstone, then it must be leveled initially. After editing the device, the stone must be smoothed with a bar.

Now set the appropriate angle of inclination, this is done by rotating the screw that secures the canvas. Next, you need to use the holder, which is included in the standard equipment of the machine, where the planer knife is fixed. Work should begin with knives no wider than 13 mm. The length is not important, since the tool is fixed in a convenient position in the holder.

In order to fix the knife well, hold it in the selected position and tighten the screws tightly.

To control the angle of sharpening the jointer knives, a marker is used to mark the chamfer of the knife. You can understand the accuracy of adjustment by turning the stone manually.

Tool sharpening

Sharpening jointer knives is a simple process, you only need to move the holder from side to side relative to the whetstone. Try not to let the blade go over the edges of the stone. Fix the holder 12 mm from the end of the circle. When carrying out work, it is necessary to establish the supply of water cooling. Be prepared for the fact that you will need to regularly replenish the supply of fluid in the reservoir and prevent the reservoir from draining. To secure the work, you need to ensure that moisture does not flow onto the floor under your feet.

Sharpening planer knives is a rather lengthy procedure. Periodically check the cleanliness of the grindstone, as it can quickly become clogged. To clean it, you need to use a special bar as soon as contamination is detected. By the way, the choice of stone largely depends on the type of instrument. The planer may include knives made of various types hardness, so choose your whetstone carefully.

Usually knives for a planer are sharpened within 20 minutes, after which it is necessary to perform finishing. This procedure is carried out using a special paste. Polishing is carried out so that the blade does not have the slightest roughness, burrs, otherwise work with such a knife will not be complete. Check the effectiveness of sharpening by cutting a piece of paper with it. If the cut is made neatly, then the knife is completely ready for work.

Other materials for sharpening tools: * Sharpening a hacksaw for wood. * Sharpening a chisel with your own hands.

Dedicated to the owners of planers, jointers and electric planers.....

Each owner of planers, planers and electric planers faced the need to sharpen knives for their equipment. Having a specialized small machine for sharpening planer knives will not be difficult for you to do this. It will also be true to turn to where your planer knives will be sharpened quickly and inexpensively.

Is it possible sharpen planer and planer knives at home???


Maybe. And you can sharpen planer knives on a sharpener. Yes, on the grinder. But only for this you need a modern low-speed grinder (or rather, even a grinding machine) with water cooling. The best option is to use . Naturally, such knives are not sharpened by hand. To sharpen them, we use a special tool.


For high-quality sharpening of planer knives, a smooth and not greasy grinding stone is required. Align the sharpening stone with the tool for leveling and straightening the grinding stone that comes with the Tormek T7.


After straightening, we smooth the grinding stone with a whetstone for cleaning and leveling the grinding stone.

Having prepared the grinding stone, let's start sharpening the planer knives. We remove the universal stop and install the special stop that comes with Tormek SVH 320.


We screw into it a screw that regulates the angle of inclination of the knife to be sharpened relative to the grinding stone. With this screw, we will be able to set the required sharpening angle in the future.


We take the blade holder supplied with the SVH 320 and install our planer knife into it.


Tormek recommends sharpening blades and knives with a width of at least 13 mm. The length of the knife is not so important, because. it is possible to rearrange the long knife in the holder. However, this can be argued, because. I have doubts about the convenience and quality of sharpening long knives with rearrangement. It is very important to correctly install the knife in the holder, because. otherwise it will be sharpened with a warp. When installing the knife in the holder, we rest the back of the knife against the stop and clamp it with the screws of the holder.

For precise setting and control of the set sharpening angle with a marker, paint over the sharpened chamfer of the knife.


Now, by the nature of the sharpening stone marks on the painted blade, we can estimate the angle of inclination and correct it in the required proportions.

We install the holder with a knife on the stop fixed on Tormek. Lower the holder with the knife with the adjusting screws of the stop until it touches the grinding stone.


With the adjusting screw for setting the angle, we set the angle of the knife relative to the stone. Manually rotating the sharpening stone, by the nature of the marks on the painted blade, we determine whether it is necessary to adjust the angle of inclination of the holder with the knife. We make adjustments if necessary.


So, having set the required angle, we proceed directly to sharpening. For a fixed removal of metal from a knife being sharpened, there are two sliders on the stop with a scale division of 0.1 mm. It is assumed that the sharpener can adjust the amount of removal in exact proportions. Be sure to securely fix the fence after each feed with two clamping screws so that there is no oscillation of the fence during sharpening.

Sharpening of the knife is carried out by moving the holder with the knife to the right to the left relative to the grinding stone.


It is not permissible for the knife to be sharpened to go beyond the edge of the grinding stone. It is recommended to stop the holder 12 mm before the edge of the circle. To eliminate errors, stops are provided that can be moved and set the required holder stroke. We did not use these stops, relying on our experience.

It should be noted that during the sharpening of the planer knife, water accumulates and distributes on the knife blade from the grinding stone, which leads to water runoff onto the body of the sharpening machine and onto the floor. And there is a lot of this water. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly add water to the Tormek water tank. To reduce water spillage on the body, it is recommended to place a 6 mm high pad under the right leg of the machine (under the honing leather wheel).


However, this measure does not completely eliminate the ingress of water on the body of the Tormek T7. However, the Tormek T7 has good protection and is not afraid of such water baths.

Another annoyance when sharpening a planer knife was that the SG 250 stone was constantly clogged, which reduced sharpening efficiency and increased sharpening time. I had to clean it regularly with an SP-650 sharpening stone cleaning and leveling stone. Of course, what material the knife is made of is of great importance. In our case, a knife made of HSS steel was sharpened and this stone had to be edited constantly. When sharpening knives made of tool (softer steel), there is a more intensive removal of chalk and sharpening is faster. It is recommended to use a different stone for sharpening HSS knives.

So, after 20 minutes of sharpening, we have an even, smooth, beautiful bevel of the knife with a stable, even burr on the cutting edge.
The knife needs finishing. We finish the planer knife on a Tormek T7 leather wheel using a finishing and polishing paste.


First, we bring the working plane of the knife, then its chamfer. We make sure that there is no burr on the cutting edge of the knife. Once the burr is removed, the knife is sharpened and ready to go.
After sharpening, we checked the geometry of the knife. The knife had a strict parallelism of the cutting edge and back. Even despite the rather large sharpening angle, the knife sharpened by us perfectly cut a sheet of paper.

Let's summarize:
1. To sharpen planer knives no need to have complex and expensive machines. It is enough to have a Tormek T7 and a special tool Tormek SVH 320
2. After sharpening on the Tormek T7, you get a high-quality sharpened planer knife with the same geometry.

Identified shortcomings:
1. At the entrance of sharpening from the knife being sharpened, water pours abundantly on the desktop and machine body, which causes some discomfort. Even resorting to certain tricks, it is not possible to completely get rid of this inconvenience.
2. The Tormek SG 250 sharpening stone is regularly oiled and needs to be cleaned and leveled with a Tormek SP-650 whetstone. There is an assumption that if you use a Tormek SB 250 stone, this trouble will be eliminated.

And electric planers periodically face the problem of sharpening cutting edges. A well-sharpened tool will ensure clean woodworking even at non-ideal angles and speeds. The easiest way to sharpen knives and knife heads with your own hands using specialized equipment.

Sharpening of knives is necessary

Planer knives require timely maintenance because:

• dull surfaces do not process wood well;
• when processing soft rocks with blunt knives, the surface is covered with pile and irregularities;
• worn edges crumble;
• during planing with blunt edges, the engine and power units are overloaded.

Attempts to sharpen blades with your own hands using diamond stones, as a rule, give a short-term result. Due to poor-quality editing, the blades have to be sharpened soon. Therefore, professional carpenters use only mechanical sharpening.

Types and designs of machines

The machines on the market are distinguished by the knife feed mechanism:

• manually;
• automatically.

The machine for sharpening planer knives with manual feed consists of:

• grounds;
• abrasive stone;
• carriages for fixing the knife.

During processing, the cutter moves progressively with the help of a handle. The lateral movement of the cutter is provided by a flywheel.

Automatic machines differ in size and set of options. Mechanisms for industrial use are installed on a powerful cast-iron bed. The carriage is equipped with a support. You can set the speed of movement of the blade and the thickness of the removed metal layer. Industrial machines allow you to sharpen several planer blades at the same time without changing the settings.

	Corvette K-470	WTG-163	GA-630	GA-850	ZX-1000
Maximum length of knives, mm	630	630	640	850	1000
Abrasive disc diameter, mm	100	150	125	125
Sharpening angle, hail	35…55	up to 30	35…45	35…45	up to 30
Engine power, W	550	550	850	850	1500
Dimensions, cm	90 x 48 x 42	100 x 60 x 65	100 x 54 x 120	120 x 54 x 120	190 x 56 x 150
Weight, kg	75	60	112	125	250
Add. intelligence	Equipped with asynchronous motor wet sharpening possible	Processes cutters, circular saws	Wet sharpening possible	Can sharpen up to 4 blades, wet	Wet method available, cup type sanding disc, controlled via remote control

Table 1. Characteristics of some models of machines for sharpening planer knives

Compact automatic machines for home and small workshops are designed to process one torch at a time. They also provide speed control and automatic tool feed.

Before starting work on any sharpening equipment, you should make sure that the bed is firmly attached. The vibration of the machine worsens the quality of sharpening and can lead to injury to the master.

Basic rules for using manual feed equipment

Such machines are used for one-time work and do-it-yourself sharpening of small batches of blades, since the processing process is quite long.

• Before starting work, make sure that the grinding surface is clean, free of stains and streaks.
• The movement of the carriage should be smooth, without jerks and jerks. It is forbidden to stop it at the moment the cutter approaches the grindstone.
• The faster the carriage moves, the lower the quality of sharpening. The optimal speed of movement is 5 - 6 m / minute.
• For proper sharpening, the amplitude of the movement of the carriage is important. For the passage in each direction, it should move 10 - 13 cm beyond the end of the knife. This ensures optimum contact between cutter and sharpener, which must be interrupted before moving in the opposite direction.

Basic rules for working on automatic machines

• Planer knives can be sharpened dry or wet. In the second case, the blade is constantly washed by a jet of water. The wet method is more gentle on the blade and more efficient;
• Before starting processing, it is necessary to set the parameters: sharpening angle, carriage movement amplitude. The amplitude should be 15 cm more than the length of the knife;
• Do-it-yourself blades are carefully fixed in a mobile carriage.

Homemade machine for sharpening planer knives

The design, made at home with your own hands, allows you to quickly and accurately sharpen knives at one set angle. The factory angle will change, so all blades will need to be resharpened. The quality of planing will not deteriorate, but may improve.

To make a device for sharpening straight blades of planers, planers and thicknessers with your own hands, you need:

• metal corner No. 50;
• round pipe with a diameter of not more than 50 mm;
• an electric motor from a washing machine;
• powerful spring;
• bolt with nut;
• plastic handle (knob);
• Bulgarian;
• welding machine.

Making a machine with your own hands.

1. Cut off a corner about 50 cm long.
2. We bend two pieces of the pipe in such a way that we get a stable stand for the corner, weld the legs. The corner should be located vertically to the master.
3. At the left end, around the corner, we attach the electric motor. It is placed on two points: a rigid axis and a powerful spring; The spring is tightened and released with the adjusting screw, moving the motor closer or further away from the guide-corner.
4. We put an abrasive wheel on the motor shaft.
5. The engine is started by a switch placed on the frame in a convenient place.
6. We feed the tool with the help of home-made vices from a piece of pipe 25 cm long, a pressure plate, a bolt with a nut and a knob. We clamp the knife in a vice and move it along the guide, holding the knob.

Video review of this machine model:

Do-it-yourself knife sharpening is a painstaking procedure due to the hardness of the products being cut, the frequency of use of the tool, and the thickness of the cutting edge.

The need for surgery arises regardless of the quality of the blade. How to do it at home? Let's try to figure it out.

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Why do you need to sharpen knives, can you do it yourself

Any hostess knows that knife sharpening is very important: working with a blunt tool is not only difficult, but also dangerous. The process slows down significantly and requires serious effort, as a result of which the muscles of the hand get tired quickly. In addition, the blade is capable of jumping off and causing injury at the most crucial moment.

You can carry the product to the workshop, where you will quickly sharpen it. But where is the guarantee that the work will be done correctly and the blade will not be spoiled? In addition, this service is far from free and requires a significant amount of time. And, sometimes, it is very lacking in preparation for the celebration, for example, in order to cook dinner on time. If the knife sharpening machine is at home, you don’t have to go anywhere. The quality will depend only on your skill, the tools and devices used.

Why knives lose their sharpness

No matter how quality steel blade, sooner or later any knife becomes dull. Why is this happening?

In the process of interaction with the material being cut, the cutting edge loses microscopic fragments of steel. At the same time, its shape changes, and the blade loses its sharpness.

In addition, this process causes deformation of the blade. When cutting products, we apply a force that almost always deviates in one direction or another. Of course, if this were the only reason, then it would not be necessary to sharpen knives so often. Another detail is important, the influence of which on sharpness is much more significant.

Maintaining the direction in accordance with the plane of the blade is almost impossible. As a result, the thin edge is slightly bent, and it becomes much more difficult for the knife to overcome the resistance of the material being cut. This process occurs especially quickly if the blade is made of low-quality steel.

There is a point of view that hot water can dull the blade. To some extent, this is true. In the process of contact with steel, salts dissolved in water react with the metal, causing a change in its properties far from better side. But such an impact is not decisive and has no serious significance.

Basic principles of knife sharpening

There are several ways to sharpen. The choice depends on the time you have, the purpose of the knife, the tools and fixtures available.

The general principles are:

• initial processing is carried out with a coarse-grained abrasive;
• subsequent grinding is performed with fine-grained material;
• leather or various pastes of varying degrees of abrasiveness are used for final finishing.

To facilitate the work can be used purchased or homemade device for sharpening knives.

At what angle should knives be sharpened?

The sharpening angle mainly depends on their purpose and, accordingly, the quality of the material from which they are made. What value of the sharpening angle should be for knives designed for various needs is indicated in the table:

In some cases, the angle can be reduced to 15º if the tool is used for a special purpose, such as slicing fresh baked goods.

Applicable materials

Do-it-yourself manual knife sharpeners can be made using bars of varying degrees of abrasiveness. The latter are conditionally divided into the following groups:

• the roughest, which is not applicable in this case (from 200 to 250);
• coarse - to form the profile of the cutting blade of the blade. If there are no visible defects, such stones are not used (from 300 to 350);
• medium - as above, they are used infrequently, mainly for rough adjustment of the blade profile (from 400 to 500);
• small - the main type of stones used for sharpening knives (from 600 to 700);
• very small - used to bring an already sharpened blade to a mirror look.

These stones are made from various materials. A do-it-yourself manual sharpener can be made from natural and artificial bars. Natural - from natural stone(corundum, shale, etc.). Artificial - made of synthetic materials or diamond. Moreover, natural ones wear out more strongly and do not differ in large grain size.

Before use, it is preferable to moisten the bars with water or soapy water.

Note: a bar should be used, having a length significantly exceeding the blade being sharpened.

In addition to abrasive bars, can be used:

• homemade devices that serve as their holder;
• sharpening machines for knives;
• mechanical sharpeners;
• musats - devices for finishing a sharpened blade and representing several metal disks nested one inside the other.

This list may be expanded. We have given only the main tools used.

Manual sharpening rules

In order to sharpen the cutting edge correctly, you must follow the specified sequence of actions:

1. on the initial stage we perform work with a bar of medium or large grain size, depending on the condition of the blade; it would be more correct to fix the bar from displacement;
2. determine the required sharpening angle; on each side of the blade, its value is half of the total; the main thing is to keep this angle unchanged;
3. movements should not be jerky; no significant effort should be made;
4. the initial move is carried out away from you, the edge must go along the entire length of the bar. Please note: when in contact with the bar, the blade must be directed at a right angle relative to the direction of movement;
5. in the place of rounding of the blade, it should be turned to maintain the desired angle;
6. at the end of the movement, the blade should not come off the bar, because this may cause it to become dull or damage the side surface;
7. then we move in the opposite direction;
8. we continue the sequence of these operations until a bent thin strip appears on the blade; checking for its presence, you can not run your finger along the blade, because you can easily get hurt on sharp edges; if the knife is sharpened correctly, this edge should be the same width on the entire blade;
9. turn the tool over and repeat the operations until a similar result;
10. we take a smaller donkey and sharpen further, but we no longer move on ourselves - only in the forward direction; since the grain of the bar is smaller, the amount of burr along the edge is also reduced;
11. we process the reverse side in the same way;
12. we repeat these operations on both sides on an even smaller stone; if the burr still remains, we remove it with the finest-grained bar; we remind you that the movements are still carried out in one direction - away from you; the pressing force is reduced towards the end of the operation.

Sharpening finished. It is also possible to finish the blade on a leather strip. An old belt will do just fine.

How to make a homemade fixture

It is quite possible to make a machine for sharpening knives at home. Let's consider some of them.

Option number 1: the blade is fixed on a fixed platform

This device helps to sharpen the blade, providing the required edge angle. Below is a do-it-yourself knife sharpener. Drawings and drawings.

A homemade knife sharpener can be made in the same way as shown in the figure.

The principle of operation and design are clear. The manufacturing sequence is as follows:

1. the base can be chipboard or steel plate; it is marked and drilled under the stand and blade holder;
2. on the side of the base opposite to the rack mounting, a hole is drilled for the M8 bolt for attaching the knife clamp;
3. two M10 studs are made: one for the stand, the second for the holder for the abrasive bar;
4. a bracket is made for mounting the holder's stud on the rack (by drilling and bending a steel or aluminum plate;
5. brackets of the whetstone holder itself are made from two corners;
6. a clamp for the blade is made;
7. the structure is assembled in the form shown in the figure.

This device has one drawback: it is not able to provide a right angle between the movement being performed and the edge of the blade in the place of its rounding.

Option number 2: with a movable platform and a magnetic holder

This problem is solved using following construction. It is performed in the same way, but a magnetic holder is used to attach the knife. Thus, it is possible to move the magnetic holder with the blade installed in it and turn it to the required angle. This knife sharpener is available with a base plate or can be attached to a table as shown in the photo.

It will greatly facilitate the process of sharpening knives.

How do-it-yourself planer knives are sharpened

Any man who has such equipment in the house has dealt with the sharpening of his knives. To do this, use special devices and abrasives. Certainly, if the machine is often used, it is advisable to have the necessary device at home. Consider how to do it yourself.

How to make a machine for sharpening a planer knife yourself (step by step instructions)

To make a do-it-yourself grinder for straightening this knife, you will need to select the necessary parts:

• plan-washer;
• bed;
• electric motor;
• a vacuum cleaner;
• fencing.

Production is carried out as follows:

1. The electric motor is mounted directly under the bed; be sure to take care of the equipment with its control buttons "stop", "start";
2. A plan washer is installed on the output shaft, which is closed with a square fence with a cut groove;
3. On the lower plane of the table, a hole is made according to the size of the vacuum cleaner sleeve, the latter is designed to remove the dust generated during sharpening.

What you need to know

The electric motor may not necessarily be fixed under the base of the plan-washer. It is possible to use a belt drive, but this will complicate the design.

With this machine, you can also sharpen axes and saws.

Ice screw sharpening

The sharpness of the ice drill allows the fisherman to not make any effort to drill holes in the ice during winter fishing. But for this it is necessary to sharpen the knives of this device.

Sharpening methods are quite diverse. One of them is the use of a self-made tool.

How to make an ice drill machine with your own hands

Two steel strips 4 mm thick and 60x200 mm in size are required. Automotive spring steel can be used, but it is difficult to bend. Therefore, it is advisable to choose a different material.

Progress

First, the fixture frame is made. The strips are bent so that the knife chamfers, which are pressed against the edges of the rounding, are at the same level and are parallel to each other.

Then a clamp for sharpened products is made from another strip.

Holes are made in the plate and body. The clamping plate is bolted to the body, with the knives clamped. It is checked how tightly they fit to the surface of the end part of the abrasive wheel.

If the angle of the knives is incorrect, the device should be modified by bending the arc of the body. After making sure of the correct placement, we disassemble the fixture and weld the stiffeners to the body arc.

It is better to place the emery wheel horizontally, this ensures water retention on its surface. Cooling the knives with water will avoid overheating of the steel during sharpening.

Minus the device

The disadvantage of this machine is the impossibility of its use if the chamfers on the knives are located at different angles. Since different manufacturers of ice screws have different designs, a universal attachment can be of great help.

Implementation of a universal device for sharpening an ice drill

It allows you to overcome the above obstacle. Adjustment of knives is carried out by screws, besides, the possibility of reliable fixation in different positions relative to the abrasive wheel is provided.

This device will require door hinge with a minimum stroke and an M8 screw with a nut. Holes up to 7 mm in diameter are drilled on the shelves of the canopy to secure the knives.

A clamping plate with a groove for the clamping screw is made from a 3 mm thick metal strip. They are boiled to the slats of the canopy.

Additionally, you can drill a few more holes, for greater versatility of the device, so that you can sharpen non-standard knives.

How to sharpen planer knives

This equipment is also widely used at home. It allows you to bring the raw lumber to the required condition. Naturally, sharpening knives for woodworking machines is periodically required.

To make the necessary devices, you will need different materials: steel, wood, etc.

The latch itself is made of wood. Grooves are made on it at 45º. Editing of knives is carried out by a belt grinder or an abrasive bar.

It is important to maintain the exact angle - this ensures the correct processing.

Sharpening with an electric sharpener

Equipment equipped with an electric drive greatly facilitates the work and reduces the duration of the process. But such devices require precision movements and experience.

Do-it-yourself electric knife sharpener is performed with an installed handpiece to support the product being sharpened, with the ability to adjust the gap between it and the abrasive wheel.

Note: must be equipped with a protective shield to protect the eyes from dust.

Processing is performed by the front surface of the circle. You can not use its side faces. The knife is installed on the handpiece with the cutting edge up and held along the axis of the product. The movement is carried out evenly, smoothly, without strong pressure.

After sharpening on both sides, the final refinement of the cutting edge should be carried out with fine-grained stones until the bend of the edge of the blade disappears completely.

Of course, a do-it-yourself knife can be made, but specialized sharpeners are offered for sale, which are absolutely safe and allow you to freely sharpen knives for any purpose.

To do this, after turning on the device, the knife is inserted into the desired slot and evenly drawn along it until full sharpening edges.

These devices provide excellent sharpening quality. Their disadvantage is the inability to adjust the angle of the cutting edge.

Useful video: knife sharpener ideas

Whatever equipment and tools you use, the main thing is to observe safety when performing this operation. Remember that it is much easier to cut yourself with a dull knife than a sharp one. Therefore, let the knives in your house always be sharpened.