Modern wall design options allow you to create the most realistic imitations of various decorative surfaces, from broken stone to bas-relief images. But the main advantage decorative plaster is an incredible flexibility in the selection of the texture of the plane with your own hands. In fact, the use of plaster decor made it possible to apply real artistic images and whole paintings to the walls. Even 15 years ago, individual wall painting with their own hands was within the power of artist-designers, and such a pleasure cost a lot of money.
We use the possibilities of decorative plaster
New decorative materials finishing a wall with plaster can be called more of a decoration method than a means of leveling and protecting masonry walls. Polymer binders, water-soluble paints and various fillers are used as components and bases of plaster materials, which, in fact, determine the appearance of the decorative component of the walls.
Among the many approaches to the process of applying decorative plaster, there are several dominant areas:
Advice ! If the reserves of time and finances do not allow you to apply decorative plaster in all rooms, you can, as an experiment, select the most crooked and nondescript plane in an apartment or house and try to apply different kinds plasters. This will allow you to personally understand and see the advantages of different methods over a general overhaul.
Works with decorative plaster
The first two areas of work with decorative plaster will require you to accurately understand all the nuances of the colors and textures of the walls, so before applying a complex decorative pattern with relief images, it makes sense to first make sketches or pick up a photo of the relevant design solutions.
The more intricate the pattern, the more difficult it is to apply it to the walls. For example, without practice, not everyone can do decorative plaster with a moire effect, as in the video
A decorative composition in the style of a panel will require a good knowledge of the properties of the plaster and a lot of patience in working with it, but the resulting effect is worth it. The beauty and accuracy of the work can be assessed by the video
In such cases, it is better to apply the decor by the hands of specialists; it is very difficult to achieve such quality on your own.
Important ! In addition to artistic taste and knowledge of the technological intricacies of working with decorative plaster, it should be understood that applying the material to the surface is physically difficult, and the process will require considerable effort and endurance.
In the first experience of using decorative plaster, it is still better to choose the simplest version of the pattern and try to apply it yourself.
How to apply decorative plaster the easiest way
One of the most popular options for decorative plaster is lime composite compositions that imitate natural materials. Most often they use proven practice and long-term use of plaster:
- "Venetian composition", giving the texture of the wall in the form of an unimaginable number of intertwined relief elements;
- "Marmorino" and "Marseille", similar to the surface of marble calcite, with a network of inclusions and cracks and polished surface transitions;
- Imitation of the surface of natural limestone with an uneven, deliberately rough and scratched surface known as "Travertino".
Important ! All of the above decorative plaster compositions are very easy to apply on the wall with your own hands, obtaining almost 100% surface quality.
Venetian pattern of decorative plaster
The secret of the recipe is to use ordinary ready-made plaster mixtures - starting and finishing - to obtain decorative plaster. This cuts costs by about half. The initial plaster mass is prepared by mixing both mixtures in a 50/50 ratio in the amount necessary to apply the composition to 1-1.5 m 2 of the surface.
Before applying the composition, the walls are primed with an acrylic primer, and the composition is carefully applied with a spatula and trowel to a slightly dried surface. The thickness of the layer of decorative plaster is on average from 3 to 6 mm. As the decorative base is applied with a trowel on wet material, it is necessary to apply a relief pattern. The specifics of such work is well understood from the video
Important ! Sometimes there is a problem of the correct connection of two sections of the wall, on which a solution of decorative plaster is applied with a gap in time.
Most often this is due to the need to prepare a new portion of the plaster mass. Therefore, the boundaries of the sections have to be “passed” by the tool several times.
After a little drying, the relief pattern is rolled with a special tool that makes the pattern flatter and more expressive. As a finishing operation, which is the “highlight” of Venetian plaster, a tinting paint is applied to the surface of the wall with a roller, giving the plaster the color of “old silver”. To do this, in 250 gr. primers add about 50 grams of dye.
After the drawing dries, it is necessary to apply acrylic varnish with a small amount of glitter. Decorative plaster dries for quite a long time - up to two days, after final drying it acquires a slightly lighter shade.
Travertino, what could be easier
This is a plaster composition based on lime and calibrated quartz sand. If it is important for you to combine the beautiful texture of the surface with the benefits of lime plaster, then the choice is obvious. Among the advantages of the Italian formulation is the possibility of applying plaster even on cement ground of concrete or brickwork, subject to preliminary cleaning of the surface from dirt and deposits and applying a special primer mixture based on sandy quartz dust.
Such a primer will level and hide the "flaws" of the wall and improve adhesion to the decorative layer. On a prepared surface, such as drywall sheets or plastered walls, decorative plaster can be applied in one layer, but with an acrylic primer beforehand.
The decorative composition is applied with a spatula and a wide trowel, achieving a uniform layer, 3-4 mm thick. The plaster pattern must be applied with a roller with a porous surface, the process of surface formation itself is well understood from the video
If you like "brick" wall surface ornaments, with the help of Travertino you can get a pattern of brickwork. To do this, strips of construction tape are glued onto the previously prepared wall surface, imitating the seams between brick blocks. Next, you need to apply plaster and separate the strips from the main layer, due to which a texture is formed that imitates silicate or ceramic bricks.
Conclusion
Simple compositions of decorative plasters do not mean their primitiveness in beauty or design. Most often, these options are used to apply the basis for hand-painting, painting or applying bas-reliefs from putty mass.
From the author: hello dear readers. Not so long ago there was one in my family interesting story. It all started with the fact that the wife's parents started repairs. Her father worked all his life as a teacher of physics and, as you understand, did not understand repair issues at all. Well, he and his wife decided to move away from ordinary wallpaper and beautifully plaster the walls. He did not understand how to apply decorative plaster, and his pride did not allow him to turn to me. As a result, not knowing what was being done, he ruined everything.
In the end, my mother-in-law nevertheless turned to me, and together we redid everything, but this situation did not change. After all, I had to spend several times more not only time, but also money. So, friends, do not make such mistakes, read and remember everything that we will tell you today, otherwise you cannot avoid rework.
Types of mixtures and compositions
To understand our today's question, first of all, you need to find out what types of decorative plasters generally exist, what result from what to expect and how to work with different formulations. Believe me, the variety is so great that without certain knowledge in this matter, you simply buy not what you really need. And, therefore, either overpay, or you will have to redo it, because everything will fall off after a while.
We will start our acquaintance with what it is. In fact, this can be called any of its types, with which you can give a certain relief, structure or texture. By the way, this is not necessarily any specific composition, maybe even the usual cement mortar or putty.
Very often in stores you can find mixtures for decorating a wall under a fur coat or for creating some kind of texture. But in fact, if we are not talking about working in especially wet rooms or on the facades of a building, it will be enough to use ordinary putty to create such an effect.
So, all types of plasters are divided into three large groups Let's list them with some explanation.
Textured
Otherwise, it is called embossed. Most often sold as a dry mix, it gives the surface some decorative unevenness. The relief can be created by using a specialized tool or by adding special ingredients to the mixture, such as wood chips, pieces of mica, multi-colored marble, pebbles.
There is also a varied fibrous structure, linen, cotton, reed shingles or chopped bamboo are already added here. In general, there are hundreds of different types, the filling depends on which filler the manufacturer owned in the public domain. It is best to use such compositions when it is necessary to hide wall defects, that is, curvature and waviness.
If you wish, you can even imitate natural stone or tree bark. Textured plaster, in turn, is divided into four main types:
- arbitrary terrain. Leaves some chaotic bulges and depressions on the surface. This is done with an ordinary spatula or trowel. That is, immediately after applying the plaster to the wall, a spatula is taken, and the texture of streaks and differences is attached to the surface with arbitrary movements;
- lamb - plaster with the addition of round pebbles or small gravel, and the percentage of this material is such that after application the surface of the layer slightly resembles curly round curls. Such a coating looks extremely interesting;
- bark beetle is a favorite folk ornament, you can’t call it otherwise. Used more often than any other coating. Under the bark beetle, both the walls in the rooms and the facades of buildings are trimmed. The composition of the mixture is the most common, only some fraction is added to it. When plaster is applied with a spatula or a rule, coarse particles, clinging to it, leave behind small grooves, which from the side looks like a wood borer has streaked the wall;
- a fur coat is the most common type of facade decoration. Especially a few decades ago it was very fashionable. For you to understand, this is an ordinary plaster mixture, only it is applied to the walls with a special machine that looks like a snail, inside which rubber bars are held on the axis. When giving the axis of rotation with the help of the handle, the rubber blocks capture the mixture that we place there. Meeting with the pin in front of the ejection window, the rubber bends, pulls back and, as it were, “shoots” with the mixture that has stuck to it. The result is a surface that resembles the lining of a sheepskin coat.
Structural
Here the relief is a purely visual effect, although some surface roughness may be present. Typically, such plaster is made on the basis of acrylic or silicates, this allows you to add a variety of chemically active elements to the compositions, which, after drying, give the surface some kind of internal structure.
It is applied in a thin, smooth layer, the relief is not attached to it, and after drying, the pattern begins to be seen. May resemble marble or other stone from a distance. A beautiful color with streaks that will resemble a wood cut may simply appear. Or there will be just bright colors with patterns.
There is only one, the brightest, representative of the species, which stands out against the general background of this pretty "daub" - a specially cracking mixture. That is, you apply it like, but after drying, the entire surface is covered with hundreds of cracks, then it is varnished or painted. Looks very impressive.
The layer turns out to be breathable, so the walls after such treatment “breathe” freely and do not fade. Such a coating has only one drawback: due to its base, the application is accompanied by a pungent odor that takes a long time to weather, therefore it is not strongly recommended for bedrooms and children's rooms.
Venetian
The queen of all decorative plasters. In 95% of cases, this is a perfectly flat, smooth, glossy surface. The coating consists of many layers, ranging from 5-6 in normal cases to 25 in expensive design rooms where a surface with a particular visible depth is required.
The “wow” effect is huge, because the one-on-one surface imitates polished marble or similar stone, which can be glossed - for example, onyx. The main difference from marble tiles is that you get not individual squares, but a marble array, which looks much more expensive. The structure and composition of the mixture is such that the walls can be made literally golden, this is achieved by adding gold leaf or special powders and dyes to the deep layers.
The manufacture of such a surface takes an extremely long time, so the cost of such work is very, very high. For you to understand, a competent specialist for finishing a room with dimensions of 3 × 5 meters will charge you the same amount as a used foreign car costs. Therefore, for such walls, the strongest reinforced base is required.
Work on such a finish is so complex that in 99% of cases it cannot be done independently. It requires not only colossal experience and skill, but also the use of a variety of tools that a real master collects all his life. This is a hundred different spatulas, trowels, paint palettes and the like.
Of course, such a coating is only suitable for rooms with antique classic style. As you understand, these do not come in two by two sizes.
In all my practice, I have met only one such master, and then, he was engaged in the manufacture of kitchen aprons. So, for one such apron with dimensions of 0.8 meters by 6 meters, it took him two weeks of work. Although the result fully justified all the funds that were spent on it.
Specific
This class contains:
- color - acrylic base with the addition of pigments, marble dust, shells and pebbles. The surface is multi-colored, like a Christmas tree. Of course, you can’t decorate a bedroom like that, except maybe a hallway;
- patterned - plaster with a varied base and mineral fraction, applied with an ordinary spatula or small, but the final relief is given with a special roller, after which patterns are formed on the wall. They can be in the form of antique curls or some kind of leaves;
- latex - is sold only in finished form, and after it is correctly applied, a surface is formed that slightly resembles Venetian plaster. Such a coating is durable, not afraid of water, does not crack and is applied only to a pre-reinforced smooth wall;
- wet silk - designer delights that cost fabulous money. The composition is most often acrylic, so this mixture is sold only ready-made. The composition contains a variety of mother-of-pearl particles, which, after proper application and polishing, begin to shimmer, from a distance resembling a “flowing” silk fabric;
- sea breeze - here the final layer is almost transparent, and under it, again, you can see pearl particles. Together, it looks like a water film, and as we all know, you have to pay a tidy sum for individuality and beauty.
All of the above compositions can be produced on a different basis. It is the base that gives those properties that should be a basic priority for us, because it depends on them where the plaster can be used, where it is necessary, and where it is simply irrational. Therefore, in order not to get into trouble when choosing, we need to have clear view about the room in which class we have to work, and what kind of basis is required for this. They are of the following types:
- acrylic - a mixture of various molecular polymers, resins and pigments. As a result, the composition is elastic, not cracking, interacting well with various alkyd and acrylic paints. Of the advantages, one can single out the fact that compositions with such a base do not allow water to pass through and are ideal for facades, bathrooms and kitchens. But there is one huge minus: the walls lose their ability to breathe, so you need to use such compositions correctly and do not cover them with insulated walls or drywall, under which there is mineral wool;
- mineral - this base does not have such problems, it is natural, absorbs moisture and perfectly releases it into the surrounding space. Usually there are only two types: gypsum and cement, and therefore it costs several orders of magnitude cheaper than acrylic. It is the most common plastering material due to its versatility. So, if we need water-repellency, cement is used, and if this is not necessary, then gypsum is taken. Sold only in loose form;
- silicone - synthetic resins plus pigments, fillers and hardeners. Very pliable and elastic mix, does not pass water. Great for finishing pools and bathrooms, but of course it costs accordingly. Sold only in finished form, in buckets;
- silicate - just armor, consists of liquid glass, quartz sand, hardeners and dyes. The most durable of all existing, not afraid of mold and fungi, does not rot. It repels water like a shield even when fully submerged. If you need something very durable, then this is exactly the case, because the warranty period for such a surface is 50 years or more.
Finally, I want to draw your attention to the fact that all decorative plaster mixtures are not a way to repair the surface. That is, such mixtures do not repair and do not level. They are applied without beacons on a pre-treated wall.
That is, if you have, for example, boiler or brickwork, then you won’t be able to process it with such compositions and that’s all. Whatever one may say, you will first have to apply a layer of ordinary plaster, and do it along the lighthouses. And only then, when you tear out the beacons, and it dries, you can proceed to the decorative. Otherwise, you will spend an unrealistic amount on repairs.
Well, that's all, friends, this is the end of the largest section of the article. Now you know everything you can about decorative wall primers. , and where which one you should apply, based on the basis and properties. And now further.
Selection of tools and materials
It's time to talk about what you'll need to cover your walls with this wonderful material. And I will tell you this: do not underestimate this point, since work on such plaster should be carried out quickly and in one layer. If in the middle of the case something is missing from the tool, it will be extremely unpleasant.
So, to carry out work without incidents and delays, prepare everything according to the following list:
- a trowel, or, as it is called in the common people, malka is necessary to smooth the applied layer and give it additional evenness;
- trowel for throwing the mixture. If this is not the case, then an ordinary small spatula about 10 cm in size will suit you;
- wide spatula - if you have to work with gypsum mixtures, then you definitely cannot do without this. And one more thing, if you apply structural plaster, you will need quality tool, because the applied layer must be even. For these purposes, the usual, cheapest spatula with a black handle is not suitable. The thickness of the blade for such ranges from 0.5 to 0.8 mm. This is fraught with the fact that when you lead a layer of mortar along the wall, then such a soft flexible spatula bends with each tubercle. And it turns out that you do not level the wall, but simply repeat its relief, but on a different surface. If you really want to level the wall with liquid plaster mixes, then you need a good quality spatula with a short but thick blade. It perfectly copes with all flaws, does not bend and does not repeat defects. Of course, such a tool is good, but it also costs quite a lot;
- rule - you need it for the same thing as a spatula. The difference is that the rule applies when working with thick plaster mixtures, and spatulas with more liquid ones. Of course, you can also work with liquid ones as a rule, but it will be extremely inconvenient, I would even say hard, so try not to torture your hands and use the tool for its intended purpose;
- a bucket for mixing the solution;
- perforator or special mixer. A stirrer (or, as it is correct to say, a construction mixer) is a rather rare phenomenon in everyday life. Therefore, if you have a three-position rotary hammer, then all you need to do is buy the appropriate nozzle for it, and then you will not have problems mixing the solution. If you have a modern impact or simple drill at your disposal, then you can’t rely on it. Yes, and you should not spoil it with such actions, because mixing plasters is work with increased loads on the rotor of the tool, and these parts of household drills are too weak, they cannot withstand such work and burn out;
- a whisk for a perforator is the same nozzle with which you will knead;
- paint roller and tray - for, paint or the like;
- grater for final polishing.
That's all with the tool, and now it's time to talk about the material that we need. Do not think, I'm not talking about plaster, but about the components accompanying its application. There are few of them, but they still require attention:
- actually the mixture itself, about which we have already found out everything;
- deep penetration primer - to improve the adhesion properties of surfaces, that is, to ensure that the old and new plaster adhere well to each other;
- concrete contact. If we are to work on smooth surface- for such, for example, as paint - we simply cannot do without such a primer. It allows you to apply the solution on a smooth surface only after it is primed, without any preliminary felling with an ax or removal with a building hair dryer;
- fixing primer - if gypsum mixtures are to be used, then after all the work is completed, it is necessary to treat the surface with a special fixing composition. It will exclude from your life such unpleasant incidents as white marks on clothes in case of touching the walls, and also get rid of constant dust;
- UV-resistant primer - if you plan to paint the wall, then after all the work you will have to treat the surface with a compound that will prevent the pigment from fading. If this is not done, then after one sunny summer you will have to repaint the walls;
- varnish - if it is necessary to give the surface additional resistance to water and gloss, then it will have to be varnished. We will talk about what they are and how to use them in other articles on our website.
This is the end of the material. We are one step closer to the climax of the article, go further.
Wall and room preparation
Now it's time for action, and as with any finishing work Let's start with preparation. The degree of labor costs directly depends on the condition of the base coat. If you have nothing at all, that is, bare masonry, then everything is not so rosy and you will have to spend much more time and money.
If you have at least some kind of plaster, then everything is fine. Let's take a closer look at what actions await you in terms of preparation:
- The first step is to free the room from everything superfluous: furniture, shelves, household appliances. If there is something unbearable - for example, a piano - then we simply shift it to the center and cover it with a film so as not to get dirty and dusty.
- If the room has a good floor that you do not plan to redo, then it should be covered. Because the work ahead of us is dirty, and we will definitely get it dirty. Plaster mixtures often have alkali in their composition, and when it gets on the surface of paint or something else and stays there for a long time, it corrodes it.
- If metal-plastic windows are installed, cover them with a film along with the frames. I had cases when the concrete contact got on the glass, I did not attach any importance to this and it dried up. And then I had to spoil the glass to remove it. This is such a "fierce" thing that it eats into everything, be careful.
- We unscrew the sockets and remove the switch housings, isolate the exposed current-carrying parts, having previously removed the voltage from them.
- If the walls are "bare", that is, the stone is not plastered, then it's time to do the usual cement or gypsum plaster on the lighthouses. Detailed instructions on how to do this are available on our website.
- If you have passed all this, or you already had them coated, all that remains is processing with a deep penetration primer. And if there are painted or any other smooth surfaces, we apply concrete contact.
With everything ready, we move on to the main work.
Application
Let's get down to the most interesting, and I'll tell you, this work is not at all difficult and does not take much time. And all because we work with already prepared walls and do not think about the need to level them. Our task is to apply a layer without particularly bothering about its evenness.
Even if you are applying a structural material, even though it requires a flat surface - by making some mistakes, you will not spoil anything. Any structure is such that no flaws will be visible on it. And now let's look at the points of how such a coating is applied.
That's all, readers. As you can see, everything is easy and simple. You just need to know well what mixture we cover, and the process itself is trifling. I hope you enjoyed the article. In conclusion, I would like to say only that it is not an installation manual, it is only an introduction to the topic. So remember, you alone bear any responsibility for your actions. And one more thing: reading and hearing is good, but seeing with your own eyes is even better, so it will be useful for you to watch a video on the topic. Good luck!
- one of the popular ways to finish walls, ceilings, individual elements in modern renovation. This cladding allows you to create a single, seamless decorative surface that imitates different textures, reliefs, convex patterns and natural materials. In its finished form, the mixture is pasty, so it is easy enough to apply it on straight, round and curved surfaces.
In the article we will talk about the technology of working with this type of mortar, and suggest interesting ways to apply decorative plaster with our own hands, video and photographic materials will help us illustrate the original finds.
Features of decorative plaster
Artistic plaster can be conditionally divided into two types: decorative and. In the first, the decorative effect is achieved by various ways of forming a pattern: figured strokes, applying layers of different thicknesses, using devices, in the second, the relief appears due to inclusions of different grain sizes in the composition of the plaster.
Wall decoration with decorative plaster, photo of the traventine relief on the walls with a double paint coating and a wash of the top layer
Walls made of dry plaster - drywall must be impregnated with a water-repellent primer, glue the joints with reinforcing tape, level the surface with finishing putty.
All joints and cracks must be covered with mortar and glued with reinforcing tape
If the walls are freshly plastered with ordinary plaster, then they should be allowed to dry for 4-5 weeks, until the layer is completely formed. Further depends on the type of decorative plaster chosen for finishing. If it is coarse-grained, with a pronounced relief, then it is not necessary to putty the walls, if with a fine fraction, it is better to apply a thin putty on the walls.
General rule
The puttyed walls must be passed with a fine abrasive, it is good to sweep away the dust formed after grinding. Next, a primer is applied to increase the adhesion of the surfaces. After drying, for many types of plaster it is necessary to apply a base, opaque coat of primer, usually white or gray, sometimes tinted for finishing.
Watch the training lesson on how to do it correctly under decorative plaster, the video demonstrates in detail all the stages of preliminary work.
Decorative plaster looks not only very attractive, but also greatly expands the possibilities of masters in interior design. The cost of the finished building mix for decorative wall decoration is quite high, which significantly limits the possibilities of its use. In some cases, experts reveal their secrets of craftsmanship and show by examples that decorative plastering with their own hands is in no way inferior to ready-made solutions.
It is to such a master that I would like to express special gratitude for the understandable and accessible video instructions that allow us to implement various ideas for decorating the premises. The review includes the cumulative experience of the masters, which is collected in a separate publication. The recipe and tips will help you endlessly experiment with decorative design in any room where each wall can acquire a unique appearance.
Decorative plaster in different techniques
Versailles plaster from conventional mixtures
How to make decorative plaster with your own hands like the walls in the apartments of Versailles? It turns out that a similar texture can be achieved using ordinary dry starting gypsum plaster and finishing putty, which, when mixed and applied, give an attractive texture with light inclusions of the middle fraction. This finish requires the use of acrylic varnish, metallic paint and glitter. Detailed master class from the studio "REDecoration" is shown in the video at the end of the publication.
The sequence of work on applying Versailles plaster:
- glue the perimeter of the future coating with plaster tape;
- prime the surface with quartz primer, which will ensure good adhesion and allow you to work with the model mass longer. For these purposes, Ceresit "Primer paint for thin-layer plaster and paint" is suitable;
- modeling mass for decorative plastering works mixed with water in a 1:1 ratio of finishing putty and starting gypsum plaster. The manufacturer of the mixture is not important, but you can use, for example, G-Start and Satenpro dry mixes;
- the mixture is mixed with a mixer twice, the first time immediately after adding the mixtures, the second time - after the mass has stood for several minutes;
- plaster is applied to the wall with a layer of 2-3 mm using a spatula and trowel, making random stains to create the desired texture, special attention is paid to the corners and space near the ceiling molding and the door;
- the model mass is applied in an even layer on the wall, and then an additional “textured” layer is made using a plastic trowel, which creates the desired volume;
- after the plaster has dried, the resulting irregularities are smoothed out and sanded with a spatula, paint grater and sandpaper (No. 60), resulting in a beautiful smooth coating with a pronounced, but shallow texture;
- at the next stage, a deep penetration primer is applied, well smearing all the irregularities and avoiding smudges;
- after priming, the surface is painted, for this white paint is mixed with any selected dye, it will take about 2 hours to dry this layer;
- with the next layer, the wall is painted with a metallized decor, silver is diluted on a primer in a ratio of 1: 1, then it is applied with a foam roller on the first layer of paint with light movements, without filling all the irregularities (pay attention so that there are no traces of the roller);
- the finishing layer of the surface is made with varnish with the addition of glitter. First, the varnish is diluted with water by 30% in order to avoid a varnish “peel” on the finished coating, then glitter is added at the rate of 1 tsp. per 1 liter During operation, the varnish must be stirred regularly in order to “lift” the settling sparkles.
Obviously, in this way you can make plaster in any color with a metallic paint finish of any shade and decorate with colored and plain glitter. You can also change the manner of applying plaster, creating different textures. The lacquer gives the coating a fairly high strength and protects the wall from fading in the sun; both matte and glossy lacquer coating can be used for coating.
Flemish plaster - two-tone tinted in mass
Working with Flemish plaster differs from the above Versailles and Venetian ones in the way it is applied and finished, it is also made from ordinary putty based on the model mass, the recipe of which is given above. The approximate consumption of such plaster is 80 g per 1 sq. m.
The key difference between this coating is that the finished decorative putty is tinted in bulk, that is, the dye is added to the plaster finish mixture, and not applied as a separate layer. In the video tutorial, yellow-brown and coffee plaster is used, which is applied with a large spatula on the prepared surface with movements “from yourself to yourself”, thus creating a beautiful two-tone texture.
At the next stage, the wall is smoothly smoothed with a trowel or spatula. It does not need to achieve perfect smoothness. The main goal is to mix two colors of plaster and get an interesting two-tone finish.
Flemish plaster is applied in three layers, using spatulas of different sizes, reducing their size from layer to layer. On the second and third - you can use a 20 cm tool. Subsequent layers are applied in such a way that a texture forms on the wall and irregularities form inside smooth surfaces. The size of the "islands" will depend on the volume of the mixture used in one putty application cycle. The more model mass is on the spatula, the larger “islands” of a smooth surface can be made on the wall. Last layer can be applied with a Venetian trowel according to the “press-smooth” scheme, in this case a different texture is obtained.
After applying the plaster, the wall is painted with a deep penetration primer. After complete drying, the plastered area is covered with azure using a trowel. The mixture can be prepared according to the following recipe (consumption 120 g per 1 sq. M):
- glue for non-woven wallpaper, diluted according to the instructions - 2 parts;
- panel varnish - 1 part;
- paint "Silver" - 0.5 parts.
In its structure, azure is a regular wax, which is covered with plaster as a finishing layer. Please note that the wax is not completely removed in the recesses, which results in a texture with areas of varying degrees of silvering. Instead of silver, mother-of-pearl or gold can be used to prepare azure, which allows you to achieve different lighting effects.
If desired, the wall can be additionally decorated with varnish, which will give the coating strength. For wet rooms, yacht varnish or waterproof facade plaster can be used.
Prague plaster
Prague plaster or, as some craftsmen call it, "Venetian fresco" is applied to a pre-tinted surface. For this, the soil is added facade paint and color desired color. The main task is to make a colored base layer simultaneously with the application of the primer. When applying a primer layer, it is not necessary to achieve uniform "coverage".
In order to prepare a model mass of decorative Prague plaster, any acrylic putty is used, 1/10 of the sand and color are added to it (preliminary consumption of 1.5 kg per 1 sq. M). The first layer of putty is applied with a Venetian trowel, forming an uneven surface in the form of "islands". Due to the sand, a more voluminous texture and a rich finish are obtained.
The second layer of putty is applied to the wall by trimming with a trowel. Movements involve pressing the trowel with mortar against the wall in a chaotic manner. Please note that the required two layers are applied one after the other. First, approximately 1 sq. m of surface and the first layer is applied, then the same area is decorated with a texture by trimming.
In the same way covered with a solution next section. After that, you need to return to the previous section and smooth the plaster "on the tops" with a 20 cm spatula, removing the remaining mortar from the tool. After about five minutes, the finished surface must be polished with a Venetian trowel, while not applying much effort. The degree of readiness of the coating for this operation can be determined by touching the hand, the putty should not stick to the fingers.
At the final stage, the finished surface is painted after applying a layer of deep primer and drying it completely. Used for finishing special composition paints based on Venetian plaster diluted with water (consumption 150 g per sq. m.). Using Venetian plaster as a paint will result in a more interesting slightly shiny surface.
At the final stage, the lined surface is covered with a special wax for decorative plasters, this is done using a plastic wallpaper spatula. For these purposes, the so-called Parmesan blue can be used, which gives a very beautiful effect noble brilliance.
Decorative plaster for finishing facades and fireplaces - stone finish
The proposed method of decorating surfaces can also be used for finishing facades and fireplace portals, but other mineral fillers are used for these purposes. good option choice of finish "under the stone" can be considered dolomite plaster, but, unfortunately, its price is quite high for finishing the facade.
To reduce the cost of the initial decorative mixture, dolomite flour is used, which is added to a stylo-acrylic dispersion (UCAR™ Latex DC 640) for exterior work, which has a high water repellency, or an acrylic putty (Sniezka Acryl-Putz) for internal works. Dye, metallized filler, glitter or mother-of-pearl are also added to the finished material.
It is necessary to apply dolomite putty on the fireplace in two layers, first with an even layer with a large Venetian trowel, then make a drawing layer by trimming the surface, followed by smoothing with the same trowel.
The surface is lightly sanded with sandpaper No. 150, primed and then decorated. Venetian plaster. It is applied diluted with water like paint using a conventional roller. After application, the plaster is polished with a trowel.
The natural texture of the stone is always distinguished by shiny blotches, so the “dolomite-like” surface is also decorated with a coating with a metallized filler. To do this, copper is added to the wax, it is applied according to the texture of the surface, bypassing the smooth areas of the cladding. At the final stage, the surface is waxed without glitter and polished with a soft trowel. Two-color stone-like plaster can be obtained using the Flemish application method described above. As you can see from the examples, do it yourself decorative rock on any surface is not at all difficult and it will not cost much, and the effect will exceed all expectations.
Facade decorative plaster
After gaining experience in applying decorative plaster for interior work, the question arises about the exterior finish. For this purpose, you can use liquid glass, with which a waterproof version of the plaster is made:
- first, a primer layer is applied using a dilute solution of liquid glass;
- a model solution of waterproof (hydrophobic) plaster is mixed in the following proportions: a ready-made plaster mixture is used in a ratio of 7: 1 with liquid glass or a plaster is prepared 1: 2: 5 from liquid glass, cement and sand.
Video instructions for applying decorative plaster
In conclusion, we give examples of how do-it-yourself decorative plaster is made video using all the methods mentioned. Good luck. These examples will help you make expensive repairs in your home at a low cost.
Do-it-yourself decorative plaster is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. Wall decoration with decorative plaster is now gaining great popularity. This option during repairs has become a serious competitor to conventional wallpaper. Exists different types plaster for interior decoration premises. The main difference is the texture and method of application.
Types of decorative plaster can be as follows:
- structural, which contains inclusions of a certain size;
- textured, which allows you to form a smooth relief surface;
- Venetian, imitating marble.
Before applying decorative plaster, you need to carefully study the features of each option and the application technology.
Structural
Methods for applying decorative plaster to obtain a structure involve the use of heterogeneous granular compositions. A variety of material is obtained by adding small pebbles, fragments of quartz, wood fibers, etc. to the plaster. Finishing material is made on the basis of cement and limestone. Synthetic latexes or silicates are also added to the composition. It is better to select the composition from ready-made mixtures. This is the only way to achieve good results. If you mix the components yourself, a good result is not guaranteed.
For the preparation of high-quality plaster, it is better to use ready-made mixtures
Wall decoration with textured plaster is easier if you use compositions on aqueous solvents. This is due to the fact that before applying decorative plaster with your own hands, you do not have to “evacuate” the residents of the apartment. The water-based material does not have a strong odor.
Wall decoration with plaster of this type is easy. This is justified by the high plasticity of the material and its obedience during work. The technology of applying decorative plaster is simple and convenient. Work can be done immediately. There is no need to prepare the mixture, since it is already sold in liquid form in jars or buckets.
With the help of decorative plaster, you can create any structure of different shades. The application technique is as follows:
- It is necessary to prepare materials and tools for decorative plaster. For the structural composition, you will need a roller, trowel or spatula.
- Before laying decorative plaster, you need to prepare the surface. A perfectly flat base is not needed. The thickness of the plaster layer and its structure can hide small defects. First, the surface is cleaned of dirt, dust and grease. After that, the bulges are knocked down and large cracks and potholes are covered up.
- A clean and dry base is strengthened with a primer. With him decorative paints and plasters will adhere better to the surface. Such a layer also prevents the exchange of moisture between the base and the finishing material. The application of decorative plaster with your own hands can only be started after the primer for the walls has completely dried.
- The principle of the performed work will do for all compositions: on a mineral, silicone or silicate basis. Plastering is carried out with a trowel or spatula in one layer. The coating is applied to the wall in circular or rectilinear movements.
- After application, the layer must be allowed to dry. At the same time, it is necessary to control that the room maintains a constant temperature and humidity, there are no drafts. Failure to comply with these rules can lead to a deterioration in the quality of the decorative layer, the appearance of cracks.
To apply the composition and create a structure, use a roller or spatula Do-it-yourself structural decorative wall plastering is perfect for finishing common areas, such as a hallway, kitchen or corridor. In some interiors, it can harmoniously fit into the space of a bedroom or living room.
Before starting work, be sure to read the manufacturer's instructions. It indicates a more specific application technique and how to use the material correctly.
Textured
The method of applying decorative plaster with your own hands allows you to get the original texture. The boundary between textured and structural plasters is quite arbitrary. Methods for applying the composition in question make it possible to obtain complex options. For example, imitation of wood, crumpled paper, natural stone.
imitation stone The option is suitable for almost any room. The implementation of textured decorative plaster allows you to support any design.
Most often, lime flour is introduced into the composition as the main ingredient. But you can also find polymer-based plasters. Polymers improve performance. Such a composition does not crack when dried. In work, polymers allow you to create a more embossed and interesting pattern.
Finishing properties largely depend on fillers. Fibers of different materials, crumbs of granite or marble are introduced into the textured solution. The consumption of decorative plaster largely depends on the complexity of the selected pattern.
Textured plaster can be customized to any design How decorative textured plaster is applied:
- Before you can properly apply the solution, you will need to prepare the base. Inner surface handled in almost the same way in all cases. Here the requirements are the same as for the structural composition: the absence of pollution and strong irregularities.
- Before working with decorative plaster, you need to cover the wall with a primer. This layer must be allowed to dry.
- After priming, a base paint is used, which is applied with a brush. On sale there are compositions that combine two functions: a primer and a substrate. They are worth buying to reduce time costs and simplify the process.
- Decorative wall plaster, the application technology of which involves the use of a spatula, trowel or brush, is laid in 1-2 layers. The thickness depends on the complexity of the relief. The more interesting it is, the more solution will be required. It is not recommended to apply a layer with a thickness of more than 20 mm at a time.
- Master class on decorative plaster worth finishing finishing layer. As such a composition, transparent paints are used, which are also called glazing. They not only protect the surface, but also give it a pleasant pearly sheen. Options for applying decorative plaster can also consider using paint, impregnation or special wax as a final layer.
Decorative plaster, with the pros and cons of which you should read separately, will give the premises a complete and unique look. The advantage of this composition is its high plasticity and the ability to give the finished surface a rather complex texture. But the medal also has a downside: the complexity of application. Getting the original drawing is not so easy. You may first have to take a master class on applying decorative plaster from an experienced craftsman.
This will help you understand how to properly and efficiently plaster. brick walls inside the house and surfaces from other materials.
Venetian
This type of decorative plaster for interior work allows you to get an imitation of marble. The texture is very beautiful. The material is perfect for almost any room.
imitation marble The composition is sold in ready-made liquid form. The mass of a can or bucket is usually from 7 to 25 kg. The plaster includes marble flour and slaked lime. An aqueous emulsion is used, which avoids an unpleasant odor during application.
Before plastering brick walls, they will need to be leveled. It is possible to apply decorative plaster on the walls only after the base is perfect. This type of material does not suffer from shortcomings. This is the difficulty of working with Venetian plaster.
If necessary, the solution can be painted in any color. With such plaster with your own hands, you can create amazing mosaics or whole paintings. Also, the benefits include environmental friendliness and safety. The composition is suitable even for the bedroom. The surface is fireproof and wear-resistant. After application, the layer dries fairly quickly.
Venetian plaster allows you to finish the walls like marble A decorative technique training might look like this:
- First you need to prepare materials and tools for applying decorative plaster. Here you will need a medium-sized spatula and sandpaper with very small particles.
- After cleaning the surface, proceed to leveling the base. It must be perfect. First of all, get rid of chips. After that, you need to level the cracks and depressions with a cement-sand mortar or putty. For maximum elimination defects, a leveling layer of plaster based on Portland cement is applied. The thickness of the layer is assigned depending on the severity of the base defects. On average, 20 mm will be enough. Evenness is controlled using the beacon rule. To do this, before starting work, special strips are installed on the wall with a certain step. Another option for leveling is drywall sheets.
- The leveling layer must be allowed to dry. After that, you can apply a primer. It will allow the finishing material to better grab the wall.
- Venetian plaster is tinted before application. After that, they take a spatula and begin to apply the mass to the base with thin strokes. The entire surface needs to be treated. If necessary, the solution is applied in several layers. The maximum thickness in one application cannot exceed 12 mm.
- Allow time to dry after application. It is important to control the temperature and humidity conditions. Close doors and windows to prevent drafts. Violation of this rule will lead to the fact that when drying, cracks may appear on the surface.
- When the surface is dry, start cleaning. This will require sandpaper. The work is done in a circular motion. Everything must be done very carefully.
- The last step is protection. Finished layer should be covered with special white wax in one layer.
The technique of finishing with Venetian plaster involves applying the mass in small strokes.
Which is better?
There is no exact answer to this answer. Each case must be considered separately. In one case, the plaster will be better structural, and in the other textured. The choice should be made depending on the interior of the room. But at the same time, it is worth considering the experience of the master and his skill. Before choosing a decorative plaster, you need to objectively assess your capabilities. For example, such an option as a Venetian coating is not for everyone.
Creation of the texture of marble chips Application on ceilings
When renovating your home, you need to take care of more than just the walls. Performing work on the ceiling is more labor intensive. Here you have to constantly raise your head, which can be very tiring.. General principle practically does not differ from technology for walls.
The thickness of the plaster layer on the ceiling is 5 mm There is only one difference. If on the wall the maximum layer thickness for the structural and texture mixture is 20 mm, then on the ceiling it is reduced to 5 mm. To level the base, it is recommended to use drywall, and not special compounds.
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