How to fix a candle. How, where and in what sequence is it correct to put candles in the church? DIY holiday candlesticks

13.06.2019

Some motorists may perceive this topic as too banal, although in reality it is not. If you ask these people how to tighten the spark plugs correctly, they will not give an intelligible answer, because they do not know all the intricacies of the process. In fact, the candle should be twisted with a certain effort.

What threatens the wrong tightening

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Indeed, it is unlikely that any of the newcomers to motorists thought about how to properly tighten the spark plugs. Well, maybe a few who pay attention to such nuances.

Official information from the manufacturer best candles in the world (well, maybe one of the best) Bosch: with the wrong tightening torque, essential elements vehicle ignition systems overheat.

It would seem, well, what's so surprising. America was not discovered. Such information is present on the packaging of SZ, including Russian-made ones. However, only a few paid attention to the picture with a wrench, under which the recommended tightening torque is written.

It is noteworthy that a certain part of the newcomers think so. Like, I’m cleaning a candle, I’ve been driving for a long time, I have experience, I feel the key in my hands, I won’t spoil anything. Another part of the people who have recently sat behind the wheel of a car generally consider this Additional information superfluous.

Obviously, all these beliefs are wrong. It's simple - not following the instructions on the package, you can make a lot of mistakes. In particular, this applies to the inefficient operation of the candle. New relatively SZ after a short operation require replacement, soot and deposits form on them. As a result, this all leads to unnecessary costs.

Often beginners wonder why experienced drivers rarely change spark plugs. For some, this becomes a lesson, they become interested and recognize a simple nuance that has always been in front of them.

It turns out that due to the wrong tightening torque, the SZ breaks or overheats. It is clear that with a strong tightening, this threatens with a breakdown, with a weak tightening, a loss of compression. In addition, insufficient tightening also threatens to break, as the candle vibrates strongly.

Cause of spark plug overheating

The correct way to tighten the spark plug is of great importance because there is heat dissipation in the well. So, even the gasket provided at the bottom of the thread, where the top of the cylinder and the seat fit, is responsible for normal heat transfer. Otherwise, if the tightening torque instructions are not followed (for example, if the candle is not tightened), overheating will occur. The candle itself will function with low efficiency.

It turns out whole theory. And in fact, this information is not new, but many have simply forgotten about it.

Unfortunately, there are quite a few kits that do not have specific information about this. It happens that it is depicted simply wrench, but the tightening torque is not specified.

If the candle has a conical seat without a gasket, after screwing it in by hand, it is necessary to additionally tighten the element with a 1/16 wrench;
If the candle is ordinary, with a washer, then the key must additionally tighten 1/2 turn.

Note. The above information applies only to new SZ, the laying of which has not yet been worked out.

An interesting point. In most cases, retail candles reach the average buyer. They can even be packed in 4 or 6 packs, but dealers, servicemen and sellers already do this on the spot. In fact, from the factory of most manufacturers, candles come in a package of 10 pcs. But this is considered wholesale.

It is clear that all valuable information remains on the original packaging. A rare third-hand seller will copy it on their packages.

For cast iron head cylinder	Flat fit spark plug (with washer)	Tapered Spark Plug	Thread diameter	Recommended RPM on a new spark plug	Recommended number of revolutions on the old candle
8-10 Nm	8-9 Nm		8 mm	1 turn (plus/minus)	1/12 turn (plus/minus)
10-15 Nm	10-12 Nm		10 mm	2/3 turn (plus/minus)	1/12 turn (plus/minus)
15-25 Nm	15-20 Nm		12 mm	1/3 turn (plus/minus)	1/12 turn (plus/minus)
25-35 Nm/15-25 Nm	25-30 Nm	10-20 Nm	14 mm	1/2 turn (plus/minus)	1/12 turn (plus/minus)
35-45 Nm	35-40 Nm	20-30 Nm	18 mm	1/4 turn (plus/minus)	1/12 turn (plus/minus)

Estimate the tightening torque, its value will help the use of a wrench with a built-in dynamometer. It will be very difficult to carry out this by eye, even for a specialist.

Algorithm for replacing SZ

Here is how this procedure should be carried out:

We take out the old part;
We clean the nest using compressed air;
We screw in a new candle with our hands, making every possible effort;
We take special key, on which we set the required tightening torque;
We put the asterisk of the tool on the candle and tighten it until it stops.

If the key could not be found, then after tightening the candle manually, add the tightening torque with the candle key by as many turns as indicated in the table above. Also, do not forget to clean the spark plugs, which eventually form carbon deposits.

Instruction

After purchase, rectal suppositories must be put in the refrigerator so that they do not melt at room temperature, and their main component retains its medicinal properties. In addition, a frozen cool candle is much more convenient to insert into the anus - besides, it will melt somewhat more slowly. Before using a rectal suppository, it is advisable to hold something cold in your fingers so that it does not spread in your hands.

In order for the rectal suppository to slip into the anus as easily as possible, it is advisable to lubricate its end with petroleum jelly, baby cream or vegetable oil, trying to keep it at the same time by the clean part, otherwise it will slip out of the hands during the introduction. It is best to put a rectal suppository before going to bed, having previously emptied the intestines and carried out all the traditional hygiene measures. At the same time, a daily pad or a piece of cloth folded several times should be placed in underwear - some candles tend to dissolve and leak, leaving stains on the linen and bed.

Before using a rectal suppository, wash your hands thoroughly and remove the suppository from the refrigerator. The wrapper must be carefully cut with scissors and its contents pulled out, being careful not to crumble it. Then you need to take the candle with your fingers (you can use medical gloves), moisten it or the anus with petroleum jelly and take correct position- namely, lie on any side convenient for the procedure, fully straightening the lower leg and bending the upper one to the stomach.

After taking the desired position, one should slightly open the rectal area with one hand, pulling the upper buttock to the side. Then you need to slowly insert the candle into the anus, pushing it with your fingertip over the muscle sphincter by 2.5-5 centimeters (in newborns and respectively). After the introduction of the candle, the buttocks should be brought together and held in this position for several seconds. You need to lie on your side for another 5 minutes after the procedure so that the candle does not come out. After the specified time, you can get up, wash your hands with soap and put on underwear with a disposable lining.

note

When inserting a candle into the anus, you need to relax as much as possible so as not to damage the mucous membrane of the anus.

Helpful advice

If only half a candle is needed, cut it lengthwise (not across!) into two pieces with a clean, disposable razor blade.

Diseases of the rectum and gastrointestinal tract are very unpleasant diseases. They bring a huge amount of discomfort, pain and inconvenience. Treatment takes a lot of time and has a peculiar specificity.

One of the most effective methods violations in the shells, is the use of rectal suppositories. The prospect, perhaps not pleasant, but its effectiveness is undeniable. In addition, anti-inflammatory and bactericidal in order to.

Faced with such an appointment, for some, it becomes a difficult test. Most simply do not know how to properly administer suppositories, and even the attending physician is embarrassed to ask about something like that. Detailing on this is unlikely to hurt anyone.

To properly insert candles, you need to take the appropriate posture for this. There may be several options. It all depends on the condition of the patient and on his physical capabilities. The knee-elbow posture is prescribed. However, not everyone will be able to accept it. Therefore, let's say the option is lying with legs raised high, lying on your side with legs bent at the knees and lying with a roller under the sacrum.

The anatomical shape of the candle is thought out and convenient, as far as possible. You need to insert a candle with a pointed end. The minimum depth to which you need to enter a candle is the length of the index. If you have problems with the sigmoid process or the small intestine, it is better to insert a candle deeper.

After all the instructions are fulfilled, you need to stand in the initial position for 20-30 minutes. During this time, the discomfort will melt and go away. In fact, the discomfort will go away earlier, but the instructions for the drug say that it is better this way and is absorbed by the walls of the rectum.

It is very important to treat the procedure as a treatment. If you relax, this will greatly facilitate your plight and the procedure will be less uncomfortable for you.

Treatment with candles is extremely effective. It is resorted to in case of acute inflammation, hemorrhoids, colitis, peptic ulcers, and some venereal diseases. The main thing is to treat the situation and all the horror will dissipate.

Remember that you need to use such products as prescribed by a doctor, otherwise they can seriously harm. Out of ignorance, you can damage the mucous membrane, which will entail a number of much more unpleasant problems.

Enteral methods

There are several methods: oral (through the mouth), (under the tongue), buccal (by the cheek), rectal (through the rectum), vaginal (through the vagina) and (through the urethra). Enteral methods are convenient because they do not require special medical skills, are safe, and rarely cause complications.

The oral method is the simplest and most common. Most drugs are used through the mouth: tablets, capsules, dragees, powders, solutions, syrups, decoctions, and so on. The oral route of administration of drugs provides a slow manifestation of the effect, which is especially important when taking long-acting drugs.

Sublingual and buccal preparations are absorbed faster. This is due to the active blood supply to the mucous membranes of the tongue and cheeks. However, these methods of taking drugs can cause irritation of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity.

With rectal, vaginal and urethral routes of administration, drugs are not destroyed by enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract. However, these methods are inconvenient and are used only in cases where others are impossible. Thus, suppositories, ointments, capsules, suspensions and solutions are introduced.

parenteral methods

In this case, the drugs are administered subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly. A significant drawback of these methods is the need for primary medical skills. To administer drugs, sterile syringes are required, and the solutions themselves must be pyrogen-free - devoid of waste products of microorganisms.

However, parenteral methods ensure that the drug enters the bloodstream directly, which means that the effect occurs much faster. The negative effect of the drug on the liver and gastrointestinal tract is also avoided.

inhalation method

Separately, it is worth mentioning the inhalation method. The medicine, which is usually packed in an aerosol can, sprays finely, therefore it can not only be actively absorbed by the vessels of the mucous membrane of the mouth and nose, but also penetrate to the alveoli of the lungs.

Many analgesics are also recommended rectally, especially for women in the postpartum period. The drug is not absorbed in the intestine, which means that the concentration in breast milk will be minimal. Topical preparations requiring rectal administration are usually suppositories for the treatment of hemorrhoids, rectal candidiasis, infectious diseases rectum and suppositories with glycerin to facilitate bowel movements. Candles for rectal administration are packed in blisters or in foil. They melt quickly at high temperatures, and therefore they are recommended to be stored in the refrigerator. To insert a candle, you need to remove your underwear, lie on your right side, bend your knees and pull them up to your stomach. Gently, pressing on the end of the candle, insert into the anus, put on underwear and lie down for 10-15 minutes. If candles are placed for therapeutic purposes, then it is necessary to refrain from defecation for 2 hours. It is better to go to the toilet in advance. If the candle cannot be inserted, then you can lubricate the area around the anus with oil. It is better to introduce suppositories in disposable gloves or in a fingertip.

An enema is the introduction of liquid through the rectum. Enemas can be curative, cleansing, nourishing and diagnostic. For diagnostic purposes, an enema is done before an X-ray examination, introducing a contrast agent into the rectum. Medicated enemas can be drips where liquid is given very slowly to treat dehydration. Starch enemas are also therapeutic, they are put in colitis to reduce irritation of the mucous membrane. Cleansing enemas are put using either ordinary heat water or herbal decoctions. Sometimes an oil or hypertonic enema is recommended for relaxation. Nutrient enemas allow you to introduce vitamins, amino acids and other nutritional components into the patient's body. Usually it is a solution of drugs.

There are other dosage forms for rectal use, eg ointments, creams, emulsions.

Materials for making candles

Indeed, how to make candles with your own hands without special materials? In our work we will need:

Vessel for melting wax
Candle molds
Saucepan (for a water bath)
Sticks (the first is to fasten the wick, the second is to stir the wax)
Decorative elements to decorate the product
Wax crayons
Household candles or stubs of old candles
Paper threads (cotton 100%)

All this will help us create, if not a wax masterpiece, then a beautiful original candle. So let's get started!

Candle wick

Now we have to learn how to make a candle wick with our own hands. We make a gel, paraffin or wax candle, in any case, we will need a wick. In order to make it, we need a natural cotton thread without any impurities. Alternatively, take colored floss as a wick. Looks very cute and unusual.

The thickness and texture of the wick depend primarily on the thickness of that part of the candle that should burn through. For example, there are candles, partly consisting of combustible materials. Only the core burns in them.

For those who are going to cast a candle from wax, you need to take thick threads and twist them not very tightly. Paraffin and gel candles, on the contrary, need a tight weave of threads (otherwise, the wick will smoke when burning).

Wick for wax candles

Wick for gel candles

You need to be attentive to the following detail: if the candle is painted with wax crayons, small chips can clog the wick without dissolving in paraffin or wax. In general, there are a lot of nuances in this matter, be prepared for the fact that you will have to select a wick for a certain type of candle by trial and error.

If you take a very thick wick, excessive melting of the candle is possible, and this is fraught with soot. If you make a very thin wick, it will constantly go out.

There are several design options for the wick: it can be crocheted, braided, twisted with a rope. Before pouring the candle, you can impregnate the thread with wax, or you can do both filling and impregnation at the same time.

If you do not want to waste time making a wick, then use a wick from ready-made household candles.

candle mold

In this matter, your imagination plays a decisive role. You can use any plastic or metal molds that you find cute and appropriate for making candles. Don’t limit yourself to ready-made molds: yogurt packaging, cream jars, baking molds, tins, glasses or mugs that can withstand high heating temperatures can also play their role. Some even use milk tetrapak as a mold for a future candle.

Candles poured into tea cups

Candles made in egg shells

But for your first experience, it's better not to philosophize slyly: take something simple. For example, a glass of yogurt. Be sure to remove the paper label first, as it may catch fire.

We take our glass and in the middle of its bottom we pierce a hole with a thick needle - we insert a ready-made wick there. On the back of the cup, the wick must be tied with a knot. In this very place of the knot will be the top of our candle, because filling it will be “upside down”: the knot minimizes the flow of paraffin, stearin or wax through the hole we made at the bottom of the glass.

Move on. Across the glass we need to put any stick - a toothpick, brush or pencil. On it we need to tie the other end of the wick. It should be placed strictly in the center in a vertical, even position. So, you guarantee yourself that the candle will burn evenly and melt.

Candle coloring

Really beautiful candles you will succeed on the condition that you do not forget to color them. The easiest and most acceptable way is to color candles with simple children's wax crayons.

Do you think it would be wiser to use watercolor or gouache? Indeed, the palette of these colors is richer than the color variety of crayons. But the problem is that both gouache and watercolor are made on a water-soluble basis: these dyes are unsuitable for working with a candle. They do not mix well with wax or paraffin, they can float in them in flakes of an incomprehensible color, and then completely settle to the bottom.

The decoration of candles can and should be carried out only with fat-soluble dyes, and these are our wax crayons.

Often, many craftsmen use lipsticks or shadows in the decoration of candles. If you don't feel sorry for your makeup, please follow their example. But be sure that the scent of lipstick will soar throughout the house, which is far from always pleasant. To many, this smell may seem intrusive.

If you've taken it upon yourself to do decorative candles with your own hands, it is better to use less aggressive materials. Choosing wax crayons, we dwell on the soft types of this dye. Candles made using mother-of-pearl wax crayons are especially good.

If you come across hard crayons, the procedure for melting them will be difficult. And yes, it's pretty hard to cut them. So, we chose a piece of crayon, with the help of a grater, we cut it off and added this shaving to the wax stubs. Thoroughly mixed the chips and cinders with a stick.

However, there is another coloring option. It is easy to find tableted pigments in special stores. different colors. They can be mixed with each other, dosed. Using such pigments, you will be able to make a truly unusual, bright or delicate candle. Pigments in tablets greatly expand the possibility of obtaining interesting shades.

You should not refuse to use dyes: they give the candle a unique look, create a unique pattern.

Pouring a candle

Now the wick is ready, it's time to fill. We need a regular tin can. It will have to be flattened a little to form a kind of nose. This is necessary in order to facilitate the process of pouring the molten material.

It is better to lubricate the pre-prepared form with a thin layer of dishwashing liquid or simple vegetable oil. Both of them are equally good.

We need to put the fragments of candles into the jar (the candles must be of the same quality). If we are going to make a paraffin or wax candle, you can take a saucepan or a ladle for melting, which is not a very pity. In any case, this container must be placed in the pan that will be used as a water bath. In principle, you can use whatever you want, except for glassware.

So, we fill the pot with water, boil the water, and then immerse the container with wax or paraffin there. So our material will melt.

When the material and chips are completely melted, you can start pouring the candle.

We fill the bottom of our mold with wax, let it cool. Do not rush to fill the entire mold at once, otherwise a lot of wax or paraffin may leak out through the hole in the bottom. Wax is poured in layers, what has leaked out is re-sent for remelting. When the candle is already completely filled, it must be cooled. The temperature should be at room temperature.

Many people make a mistake at this point: they try to speed up the cooling process by placing a candle in the freezer. In this case, it may spread unevenly.

This is not critical if we fill the candle upside down. If you use another method, then you should leave a little wax in order to fill the depressions next to the wick. And after drying, they will definitely appear.

When the temperature of the candle already becomes equal to the temperature of the room, you need to untie the knot at the bottom of the mold. At this moment, we remove the product itself by gently pulling on the wick.

If this is not possible, the form can be cut. Or put it in the refrigerator for a minute, and then put it under hot water for a few seconds.

After that, we cut off the excess part of the wick, leaving a tip of 1 cm. If ugly seams remain from the form, they can be removed hot water. But with these manipulations, the candle may become cloudy, its brilliance may fade. Therefore, the optimal solution would be to choose a candle shape that does not contain seams.

Do-it-yourself aroma candles

It is quite possible to make scented candles with your own hands. In particular, this is worth doing for those who are true fans of aromatherapy. In order for you to get just aroma candles, you need to add some essential oils before pouring into wax. The choice of oil depends on your taste: you can add any oils, except that you should not take pink. After all, its smell when burning will be suffocating, heavy.

It's great if the decor of the aroma candle matches the plant whose oil we use. For example, taking lavender oil as the basis for the aroma, pink or lilac dyes should prevail in the decor of the candle.

Using laurel or mint oil, it is better to decorate a candle with green shades.

Vanilla or cinnamon will go well with warm, beige-brown candle tones.

Not only oils can make your candle scented, regular coffee is a strong and pleasant scent.

In principle, it is not so difficult to achieve the fragrance of a candle. Aromatic oils are added to paraffin, wax or gel. And then the process of making an aromatic candle is no different from creating an ordinary candle.

Experimenters are advised to mix oils: an unusual bouquet of aromas is guaranteed to you. If you are afraid to “fuck up” and synthesize incongruous smells, look at perfume recipes. Follow their directions, just don't add rose oil.

Gel candles

And now let's talk about how to make gel candles with your own hands. In order for us to get gel candles, it is better to use ready-made gel wax. On packages with it, the recipe for creating candles is often written, and you can use it.

For those who are used to doing everything themselves, the following recipe can help:

5 g gelatin

2 g tannin

20 ml water

35 ml glycerin

First we need to dissolve the tannin in the glycerin during the heating process. We continue to heat, adding the remains of glycerin and gelatin to the composition. Add water to the resulting clear solution. Bring the mixture to a boil. Some turbidity of the solution should not frighten you: it will soon disappear. Until the water completely evaporates, you need to boil the solution.

Can also be added to gel candles essential oil, it does not contradict the recipe. A separate, especially pleasant process, decorating gel candles. At the bottom of any transparent container, we freely lay decorative elements: beads, beads, pebbles, shells, sequins, coffee beans, dried plant stems or flowers. Then fill everything with gel transparent wax. Such a candle looks simply incredible: transparent, delicate, with a magical pattern inside.

coffee candles

Decorative candles are also easy to make. For example, you can make an original coffee candle. Decor - naturally, coffee beans. The principle of operation is as follows: a small one is inserted into a large form. Between the walls of the two forms, you need to fill in coffee beans, and then fill them with candle mass.

As soon as the mass with coffee beans has frozen, the walls need to be blown with a hot hairdryer. Thanks to this, excess paraffin will drain, the coffee beans will be clearly visible.

So the outer layer with coffee beans is ready. We put it back into the mold, fill it with paraffin / wax of a different color from the inside.

Coffee candles can be:

Sea candles can be made in the same way: instead of grains, they will contain pebbles or seashells. As an option - transparent gel candles with small pebbles or coffee beans.

Candle decoration options

How else can you decorate a candle made by yourself? The first way to give your candle originality is to use unusual, unexpected shapes. Sometimes an interesting shape can be more advantageous than even the most skillful decor. A wonderful element of candle decor is various kinds of glass coasters.

In a specialized store you can find special stickers for decoration. Or decoupage is a great way to decorate candles. By the way, it is very fashionable among professional candle makers. Most often, napkins are used as the basis for decoupage. Do not forget about safety: use a special varnish for candles.

For lovers original decor the following would work:

Before pouring, lay out shells, pieces of dried fruit, cinnamon, seeds, dried flowers around the edges of the mold. Or let it be coffee beans in an ensemble with rhinestones and beads. But in the latter case, it would be more appropriate to talk about the decor of the finished product: we insert decorative elements into melted paraffin / wax.

An already frozen candle can be pasted over with bamboo or cinnamon sticks. You can add star anise stars or all the same coffee beans to them. It will be a beautiful decoration for aroma candles.

If you are using dried plants (or any other decorative items that can become combustible), the candle wick should be thin so that the candle only melts in the middle.

In principle, if you have the opportunity to apply for material in specialized stores, there you will acquire a lot of useful tools. For example, markers and contours are sold there, they do not burn, and during smoldering the wick melts together with wax / paraffin.

If you don't want to collect old candle stubs, use paraffin beads or candle gel. In specialized stores, you can even find ready-made wicks (with a metal holder). For floating candles, you can purchase specially formulated wax.

Today, the imagination of a creative person is practically not constrained by anything: the prices for materials for making candles do not bite, the process is exciting and not as long as it might seem. Having once created a beautiful candle with your own hands, you are unlikely to deny yourself the pleasure of experimenting again.

And for inspiration, we invite you to watch a wonderful video master class on creating carved candles

The sequence of installation of church candles

The Church does not set strict requirements in this regard, but there are specific traditions:

First, a candle is lit near the festive icon located in the center, as well as the temple one, whose name it bears, and near the resting place of the relics of the saint;
Then they put candles for health (or with a request for something) near the face of Jesus and the Mother of God, as well as in front of an icon depicting a saint who helps in healing from diseases, for example, Panteleimon;
For the repose of the dead, candles are lit in a specially designated place for this - on the eve, at the crucifixion. It is a small table with cells and, as a rule, is located on the left side of the temple room;
Candles are placed in front of the images of the saints you revere. If you do not know their location, the servants of the temple will tell you. In the absence of the icon you need, a candle can be lit near the icon of the Savior, the Virgin or all the saints;
Near each icon there is a candlestick with burning candles, from which they light their own, or from a lamp. Having installed it, you need to say a prayer and cross yourself, and then venerate the image.

A candle can be of any size, and you can pray in your own words. The main thing for God - your sincerity when addressing him.

What types of lamps are used in the temple?

These include mainly lamps and candles:

They are divided into several types. Ordinary are different sizes and made from various materials including wax and paraffin. Inside is a wick;
remote floor and diaconal Candles are used in certain important rituals such as gospel readings or all-night vigil. It is taken out in the hands of the clergy. In the first case, the sexton sets it up, leaving the altar, and in the second, it is carried by the deacon (hence the name);
The lamp is a vessel with oil, inside which is located on a special mount (float) wick. There is a special type of lamp made of seven lamps, called a seven-candlestick;
The largest source of light is chandelier type of a large chandelier, which is suspended in the central part of the temple from under the dome and consists of a large number candles or light bulbs. It serves as a variation policandilo- they hang in the side parts (chapels) of the church premises.

During the service performed by the bishops, two- and three-candlesticks are used, called, respectively, dikyrium and trikirium.

Why put candles in church? Set of rules

They are a symbol of our spiritual connection with God. This is what the priests think. Since the Lord speaks to us through his saints, therefore, lighting a candle in front of any icon in the church and saying the words of prayer, we turn to him.

A candle bought in the temple is considered our small voluntary sacrifice to him, and its softness testifies to our obedience. Light and heat and flames during burning symbolize faith and love for the Savior, saints, angels, the Mother of God, as well as his divine grace towards us.

It happens that there is no free space on the candlestick, and then you just need to put a candle there. Subsequently, the ministers will light it and put it in the vacant place. Don't do it yourself.

Try not to create fuss in the temple with your actions and not distract other believers during the service with requests to pass the candle. It is better to do this before or after its completion.

Don't give in to superstition. It does not matter with which hand you pass the candle, or it suddenly went out or did not completely burn out. All this is nonsense. If your prayer was from the bottom of your heart, it will certainly be accepted.

Buy candles only in the church, not outside of it. Help yourself and the temple with this.

In this video, Father Dmitry will tell you why believers install candles at all, what it symbolizes:

Is it possible to put candles during menstruation?

This question goes back to the mores of the Old Testament:

With the advent of Christ, the main thing in man was proclaimed the soul, and not physical body, and many former prohibitions ceased to operate, including in relation to a part of exclusively female ailments;
Their monthly "impurity" is, according to many clergymen and theologians, a natural natural function of the body. She is not a fault, much less a sin, that would prevent a woman from visiting church to pray and light a candle;
As you know, Jesus himself was sympathetic to this problem, supported and healed a woman suffering from bleeding, thanks to her faith in him;
In our time, there are still priests with Old Testament views, while St. John Chrysostom in the 4th century considered the ban on women visiting church during the “critical” period unworthy of Christianity;
A woman can turn to God in prayer both in the temple and at home, lighting a candle in front of the icon of the Savior, the Virgin or any saint, and no matter what day it is. The main thing is her spiritual need for this communication;

In many temples, women employees carry out their duties any day.

What is the symbol of prayer?

The tradition of lighting candles during prayer has its roots in the Old Testament:

Then believers brought to the temple as a sacrifice oil for lamps. The beginning of the use of lamps in temples was initiated at the command of the Lord by Moses with his inextinguishable lamp burning over the Book of Laws. Then gradually they migrated to the homes of ordinary people;
Partially, the need to use candles and other sources of light was caused by the need to illuminate the premises (grottoes, caves) in which the first Christians, persecuted by the pagans, gathered, but not only that. Jesus said that he is the light of the world, and the burning of the lamps symbolized this, illuminating a person's spiritual path;
During the time of the New Testament, the law of God was written in the Gospel, and its reading was also accompanied by the lighting of candles. Gradually, this began to be used in all churches during divine services, as well as by believers when praying to holy icons and the relics of the great martyrs. Burning candles are used for christenings and funerals, procession for Easter and other necessary occasions.

This custom came to Russia from Byzantium.

Is it necessary to light a lamp at home when praying?

Priests call the family a small church:

Arranging a corner with icons at home, we spiritually approach the holy ascetics, the Mother of God and the Savior himself, and lighting a lamp there and reading a prayer, we feel the light and warmth of God's grace. You can also use lit church candles.;
The container in the lamp is filled with special oil, and the wick is lit from a candle, but not from a match or a lighter. It is placed on a stand or hung in front of the icons;
It can be heated for the entire duration of your stay in the house or for the time of prayer, or you can make it inextinguishable. Everything you need for it is purchased in a candle kiosk or shop at the temple;
It is believed that a burning lamp is a symbol of spiritual eternal fire and cleanses the house of filth. The number of them can be two or three, as you wish;
In addition to oil, those who wish can buy incense in the shop and put it on the platform special device worn over a lamp. When the wick burns, it will heat up, and a pleasant smell will appear in the air.

In no case do not use this sacred light for household needs, to warm something up, etc.

Everything in life is arranged according to the rules, and knowing how to put candles in the church correctly is no less important than knowing how to use a knife and fork, because a person consists not only of a body, but also has a soul. And she needs to work.

Video guide: how to install candles correctly

In this video, Father Kirill will show you what you should do first when you enter the temple:

In the article “device for restoring candle threads”, which you can read, I described how to make a simple device with which you can restore the broken top 3-4 turns threaded hole for the spark plug without removing the engine head. Well, what to do if almost all the threads are damaged and when screwing in, it is simply impossible to tighten the spark plug with a wrench. In this case, you still have to restore the engine head in a more serious way, that is, to make a competent repair, which we will consider in detail in this article.

What needs to be done so as not to spoil the threaded hole.

Many drivers neglect the simple steps before unscrewing the spark plug, namely, cleaning the dirt around the spark plug, otherwise the sand or dirt located there will lick the threads, or even worse, get into the cylinder. But the point here is not even laziness, but the fact that the candle wells of some engines are so deep that you can clean the dirt in them only with the help of powerful compressor. On many foreign cars, the high-voltage candle cap has a rubber seal that prevents dirt from entering, but on our cars and motorcycles there is no such benefit, and before unscrewing the candle, you should always try to remove the dirt.

When screwing in the spark plug, you should also do the right things, namely: you should always insert the candle into the threaded hole with your hand, if possible, and not with a key (unless, of course, the candle well is not very deep). When the candle is screwed in by hand for several turns, then it is already possible to put the wrench into action for a full tightening, and, ideally, not regular key, but Since the aluminum heads of all motors, or rather their soft candle threads, do not tolerate efforts of more than two kg.m.

And besides, the spark plug has a hard steel thread, and the cylinder head has a fairly soft aluminum thread. It used to be, on antique technology, that bronze fittings were originally installed in aluminum heads at the factory, but now on modern technology they don't do that anymore.

Also, a candle with a short threaded part should never be screwed into a long candle hole, and vice versa, a candle with a long threaded part should not be screwed into a short threaded hole. In both cases, the thread or candle (in the 2nd case) or the thread of the head (in the first case) will become clogged with soot and during subsequent unscrewing or unscrewing (already a normal candle), the head thread will be damaged.

What threatens a broken thread for a car or motorcycle.

If at least 3-4 threads of the thread (approximately 30% of the threaded interface area) loosen (deteriorate) in the engine head, or the spark plug is not screwed in tightly (not completely, as in Figure 1 b), then the result can be very deplorable, in which some drivers won't even believe my words, but these are statistics. And the result of all this is the self-ignition of the fuel mixture from the hot insulator of the central electrode of the candle and the operation of the engine with unpleasant jerks when the ignition is off. That is, glow ignition will occur, from which the rings can burn, or even burn out the piston, well, or scuffs on the cylinder and piston. And compared to these unpleasant consequences, such trifles as a candle shot into the hood or gas tank of a motorcycle seem not so terrible, but still.

Figure 1. Spark plug temperature.
a - a normally screwed candle, b - a violation of the reliable pairing of the candle and the head. 1 - candle body, 2 and 3 - normal contact of the seal and thread of the candle, 4 - central insulator of the candle, 5 - no seal, 6 - lack of body or thread of the head.

You can see clearly why glow ignition occurs, from seemingly such a trifle as a torn off a couple of turns of candle threads in the head, or an unfinished candle, in Figure 1. It shows how the temperature of the candle parts rises from the above troubles. It is strange, isn't it, that because of such trifles, the temperature of the central electrode rises by as much as 400 degrees (see figure) and the temperature of the central insulator rises by 200 degrees. Strange, but this is physics, supported by statistics and tests on special stands.

Conclusion - you need to repair the threaded hole of the spark plug.

From the foregoing, it follows that repair is inevitable. If a couple of threads have been torn off, then you can restore the thread using the device, the link to which is indicated at the very beginning of the text. If more turns are torn off, or the candle cannot be tightened with a force of 2 kg.m., then a special sleeve, called a futorka, should be installed in the head. BUT outside diameter This futorka, as a rule, is limited by the small size of the combustion chamber of modern two-stroke engines. Well, in modern forced four-stroke engines, the size of the futorka can be limited to four or five valves that have enough large diameter valve discs and their seats.

But as a rule, there is enough space for a strong footer, and seat for her, many repairmen simply drill out. And then a new thread of a larger diameter is cut with a tap, under the outer diameter of the futorka carved from bronze. But with such a repair with a drill (if this is not done on a machine with a dividing head and a precisely set angle), there is a high probability of misalignment of the futorka and the plane of the engine head. Plus, the situation will be aggravated by oblique threading with a tap. As a result, due to the discrepancy between the axes of the futorka, the candle and the head itself, the expensive cylinder head (or cylinders) repaired in this way will have to be handed over to a non-ferrous metal.

To avoid the above repair “by eye” and the hit-and-miss question, the candle hole must be restored without using a common drill (unless, of course, you have an accurate milling machine). And moreover, repair without drilling does not require any professional skills from the repairman, even a beginner will cope with such work, unless of course he reads this article and buys the appropriate tool.

And the tool is a special two-way tap (see photo). At the very bottom of the tap there is a standard thread, like a regular spark plug (this is the thread of the first run). It is needed for screwing the tap into the head along the remnants of the stripped thread, and of course for the even direction of the tap without skew (for subsequent threading of a larger diameter). When the tap completely passes the torn off standard thread and goes deep into the body of the head, the taper part of the tap is connected to the restoration process, which follows the threaded part of the first run without distortion. Next, the candle hole is gradually bored with a cone and the thicker thread-cutting part of the tap comes into play, which already cuts a thread of the same diameter as the external thread of the futorka.

By the way, this method also allows you to make repairs without time-consuming removal of the head, especially on multi-cylinder engines, with many attachments. In addition, on many engines, after removing the head, a new gasket is required, which for rare or old cars, or motorcycles, is not so easy to find on sale. In order not to remove the head during such a repair, it is necessary to apply a thick lubricant to the working parts of the tap, on which chips will stick. This will prevent chips from entering the combustion chamber of the engine. And when repairing with reaming the head with a drill, it is almost impossible to avoid chips entering the combustion chamber.

After cutting the thread with a two-start tap, it is advisable to screw the sleeve (futorka) into a new threaded hole using a special rod shown in the drawing (the length of the rod depends on the depth of the candle well), at one end of which there is a standard turnkey square, and at the other end there is a thread , to fix the futorka on it. Who does not have such a rod, then it can be ordered to a turner. At one end of an ordinary steel bar we form (grind) a square, and at the other end we cut the same thread as on a spark plug.

Next, it should be cut on a bar external thread and wind the tube with an internal thread, and make edges for the key on the tube. For details of the device of the rod, see the drawing. We make M14 x 1.25 thread only if you have candles with just such a thread. If the thread is different, then naturally we cut the thread on the rod the same as on your candles.

Before screwing the bushing into the head, degrease the outer threads of the bushing with solvent, and internal thread cylinder heads, and then coat the outer thread of the futor cold welding or heat-resistant adhesive "Seal-Grip". Then screw the sleeve onto the thread M 14 x 1.25, at the edge of the rod, but not completely. Next, screw the tube onto the rod so that it rests with its end against the futorka wound onto the rod, and pressing the tube with a key (there are edges on the tube) to the end of the futorka, fix the futorka in this way from turning (on the M14 x 1.25 thread).

Unscrewing the futorka. 5 - unscrew the hexagon for tightening the tube to the futorka, but at the same time hold the square 6 with a key.

Now we insert the rod with the futorka clamped on it into the head and screw it in. After twisting the futorka, in order to unscrew the rod, loosen the tube with a key, and then easily unscrew the rod from the futorka by hand (see photo). Next, you need a special mandrel, with a cone at the end, a hammer blow on the mandrel, squeeze out the conical part (platform) for the spark plug in the futorka, unless of course you have candles with a conical part.

1 - double-thread tap, 2 - rod for screwing in the futorka, 3 - candle thread on the rod, 4 - steel mandrel with a cone at the end, for extruding the cone in the futorka, 7 - heat-resistant glue for metal, 8 - futorka, 9 - spanner wrench ( head).

Finally, it remains to once again drive the candle thread with a tap (you can use the usual one) and, with a calm soul, screw the spark plug into its new place. If you do everything right, then the spark plug will be securely screwed into the candle thread, no worse than on a new head.

If someone’s engine head was driven from overheating, or a crack appeared in the body of the head, then I advise you to read how to restore it all.

Well, this article, I hope, will help any driver, even a beginner, to produce correct repair threaded hole of the spark plug; good luck to everyone!