Table ь sign at the end of verbs after sibilants. Rules for writing a soft sign at the end of a word after hissing

21.10.2019

There are two amazing letters in the Russian alphabet - a soft sign and a hard sign. They themselves do not make any sounds. But they affect the neighbors.

soft sign performs two important functions in Russian. It denotes the softness of the preceding consonant and is used as a separator.

Sometimes a soft sign in a word is heard, but not. And vice versa ... It is difficult to remember all the rules and exceptions, but I really want to write correctly. Turns out it's not that hard to learn.

Soft sign after hissing

A soft sign is not needed after the hissing second declension singular (, garage), the first and second declension in the plural genitive case (puddles, skis) and in short adjectives masculine, answering the question "what?". For example: fresh - fresh, similar - similar. In with the consonant w at the end (already, married, unbearable), the soft sign is also not used, but it should be written in the word wide open.

The soft sign is not written in the pronouns "our", "your", in the particle "already" and the preposition "between".

Soft sign to indicate the softness of consonants in writing

The soft sign is not written in combinations: -chk- (line, crust), -ch- (bakery, laundry), -nch- (strum, bell), -nsh- (racer, attendant), -rsh- (collector, debater ), -rch- (morel,), -schn- (elegant, powerful), -st- (bridge, reed), -nt- (wrapper, edging).

In foreign words with a double letter l, the soft sign is not written (collective, collegium, collie).

There is a rule for spelling compound numbers. If the second root is inclined in them, a soft sign should not be written. For example: eighteen - eighteen, fifteen - fifteen.

If the stem of the word from which it is derived relative adjective, ends in -н, -р, then the soft sign is not needed before the suffix -sk-. For example: the beast is brutal, the horse is horse. The exceptions are adjectives formed from the names of the months (except January), words of Chinese origin and adjectives like day. For example: September, November, but January; Sichuan - Sichuan; day - daytime.

Nouns in –nya with a preceding consonant do not have a soft sign. For example: tower - towers. Exception: young lady - young ladies, - kitchens, hawthorn - hawthorn.

To find out if a soft sign is needed in a verb ending in -s, ask a question to it. If there is no soft sign in the question, it means a third person, you do not need to write a soft sign: "he (what does he do?) study", "they (?) care".

If you want to write correctly, do exercises to consolidate the theory and read more.

Sources:

Spelling of hard and soft signs
Spelling soft sign at the end of words after hissing

Writing the “not” particle with pronouns can be a real problem - after all, the Russian language is famous for its ambiguity in such matters. However, if you know a few simple rules, it might not be that difficult.

A pronoun is a special part of speech in Russian, which is usually used instead of denoting an object or being, as well as its properties and other features. In this case, the pronoun is characterized own rules spelling, including cases of spelling with the particle "not".

Rules for writing the particle "not" with pronouns

The common particle "not" when used with a pronoun says that in this situation they should be written separately. At the same time, this method of use concerns the most various types pronouns. In particular, those that designate an object, a being, a sign of an object and other concepts. For example, the particle “not” is used in this way in the following cases: “not the one”, “not you”, “not everyone”, and so on.

Special cases of using the particle "not" with pronouns

A separate situation is represented by cases of using the particle “not” in negative pronouns. They can denote the absence of an object, creature, attribute of an object, or another object. For example, the group of such negative pronouns includes such as “nobody”, “nothing”. In addition, negative pronouns can also denote the indefiniteness of the object in question, such pronouns as "something" or "someone" belong to them. It is noteworthy that in most of these pronouns, the particle "not" will be stressed. If you come across a situation where in a negative particle is in an unstressed position, in most cases we are talking about another particle - “neither”.

In all the examples given and similar to them, the particle “not” should be written together with the pronoun. However, this rule applies only to situations where a negative pronoun is used without a preposition. If the situation in which the negative pronoun is used requires the presence of a preposition between the particle “not” and the main word, they should be written separately. For example, separate spelling is required in the examples "no one", "no one" and the like.

Finally, the special situation of the use of the particle “not” is associated with the phrase “none other than”. In this case, obviously, there is the use of a negative pronoun with the particle "not" without a preposition, however, it is an exception to the rule and requires separate writing of the particle and the pronoun. The same rule applies to some variations of this phrase, namely: "nothing else but", "nothing but", "nothing else like". However, this rule applies only to the given variants of phrases; in other combinations, the usual rules for writing the particle “not” apply.

Related videos

Everyone knows very well that in the Russian alphabet there are two letters that do not denote sound, cannot begin words and be capitalized. Of course, these are soft and hard signs. It is no coincidence that these letters are called "signs": their use helps to correctly convey the sound of words. With the help of a soft sign, in addition, grammatical forms of words related to different parts of speech are formed. Consider the spelling of this sign.

Methodical development of a Russian language lesson in the 3rd grade on the topic "Soft sign (s) at the end of nouns after hissing"

This lesson was developed according to the new standards of the Federal State Educational Standard, under the program "Perspective". In accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard, 4 types of UUD are formed in the lesson: personal, regulatory, cognitive, communicative.

Lesson topic: "Soft sign at the end of nouns after hissing"

The purpose of the lesson: to introduce students to the spelling of a soft sign at the end of nouns after hissing.

Tasks:

Introduce the rule of writing a soft sign at the end of nouns after hissing ones;

Learn to plan and evaluate your work

Develop memory, thinking, attention.

To educate students in a tolerant attitude towards each other, the ability to listen to the opinions of others and express their point of view;

Cultivate independence, creative activity.

Didactic materials: handout (cards)

During the classes.

1. Motivation to learning activities.

Good afternoon guys! Today I would like to start our lesson with a proverb: “Every day adds a particle of wisdom to us”

How do you understand it?

Our knowledge is the wealth that we put in a chest, and when necessary, we take out this knowledge and use it.

Let's smile at each other, give each other good mood. May today's lesson bring us all the joy of communication.

Today at the lesson, guys, you have to do a lot of interesting tasks, do very important discovery, and your assistants in this will be: attention, resourcefulness, your knowledge.

2. Updating the basic knowledge and fixing the difficulty

1) A minute of calligraphy

Zhzh Shsh Chh Shch

What can you say about these letters? Which one is redundant?

Write these letters in a notebook on the first line, alternating them.

Second line: reeds, oven, rye, ball, daughter, baby, crying, youth

What can you say about these words. (this is a noun, singular, ending in hissing sounds)

2) Fixing the difficulty.

Name these definitions in one word:

Football competition (match)

Twelve o'clock at night. (Midnight.)

Little child (baby)

Hunter's prey (game)

What difficulties did you have in writing the words? (Where to write b, and where not.)

What question arises? (Why in some words it is written after hissing, but in other words it is not written).

Who guessed what the topic of today's lesson is? (Spelling ь at the end of nouns after sibilants).

What is our goal for the lesson? (Find out when it is written and when it is not written)

3. Working out the method of action. Building an algorithm for solving a spelling problem

match, midnight, crumb, game

Write the words with a soft sign at the end in one column, and without a soft sign in another.

What unites the words of the first group? (n, singular h., f.r.) And the second one? (n., sing., m.r.) How do the words of the first group differ from the second? In what kind of soft sign is written, and in what kind is it not written?

What conclusion can be drawn? (for nouns female a soft sign at the end is written, in the masculine gender it is not written)

Is this your hypothesis, is it correct? The pages of the textbook will help answer this question.

Read the rule, let's compare it with the conclusion we made. Do they match? (Yes)

A soft sign after hissing is written at the end of feminine nouns. This is a spelling.

And now let's work in pairs and try to make an algorithm for writing a soft sign in the word night (children work in groups on their own)

The following algorithm is compiled:

1. Determine the part of speech.

2. Determine the genus.

3. If the noun is feminine, a soft sign is written.

4. If the noun is masculine, the soft sign is not written ..

(check and compare)

Let's go back to the words that were written at the minute of calligraphy, check the correctness of our hypothesis.

“Let’s see if you fall into a trap doing this task?”

Night .. - night ..ka daughter .. - daughter ..ka

What is the trap?

(This is a completely different spelling).

4.Inclusion in the knowledge system and repetition.

1)- Today we have compiled an algorithm for the correct spelling of a soft sign at the end of feminine and masculine nouns. And for what? When will you need this algorithm? (When we write a dictation, perform tasks in order to write correctly).

And in order to check whether you have learned everything well, we will work on our own.

Task for independent work you will find on the cards that are on your desks.

In the words given on the cards, you either write a soft sign, or do not write. Prove the correctness of your choice.

Key ..., bream ..., oven ..., thing ..., night ..., mouse ..., pencil ..., luggage ..., pencil ..., trifle ..., muffled ..., ball ..., quiet ...

Exchange cards and check if your desk mate completed the task correctly (mutual check).

5.Fizminutka

We completed tasks

And a little tired.

And now it's time

Rest for all of us, friends.

I will name nouns, and you, if a soft sign is written in a word, squat, if it is not written, clap: night, tick, thing, trembling, baby, hut, brick, penny, mouse, comrade, ball, oven.

6. Independent work

1) Write down the phrases, insert the necessary words with a hiss at the end.

Pencil ..., cold ..., polar ..., fragrant ..., ambulance ..., sonorous ...

2) The game "The fourth extra"

Pencil… raincoat… mouse… hut…

Brick ... small ... night ... daughter ...

Carcass… key….thing…. oven….

Rook .... help .... executioner….kalach….

7. Reflection of educational activity in the lesson.

Tell me, what topic did we work on today at the lesson? What was the goal?

Continue the phrases:

Until this lesson, I did not know (a) ...

Now I know….

Can…

As a result of my work in the classroom, I ... ..

In class, I worked...

My mood…

I am very glad that this lesson was interesting and useful for you and that it was easy for you to work in the lesson. Thank you for your work!

The letter ь is written to denote the softness of a double consonant at the end of words, for example: dove, leave, notebook, dirt, pity, seven, horse, kitchens, apple trees, embankment, beast, paint, drink, shipyard.

Letter b , which ends the first part of a compound or compound word, is written to indicate the softness of a consonant before any letter, vowel or consonant, that begins the second part, for example: village executive committee, village council, salvage materials, bone salvage, robbery army, quarter-century, quarter-final, Dalenergo, Svyazinvest, Tyumen?nefte.

To indicate the softness of a paired consonant in front of consonants, the letter "b" is written in the following cases

1. After letter l before any consonant except l , for example: shooting, leonine, foil, ice floe, glide, a few, no belmes, bedroom, carefully, scalpel, waltz, little coat, flatter, April, alpha, alder, mirror, boy, more, flattered .

Between two l a soft sign is not written, for example: goofy .

?sk? consonant l before the suffix - soft, so after l spelled b , for example: rural, Ural, Barnaul. However, in some adjectives formed from non-Russian proper geographical names, a firm l, and therefore b not written, for example: Kyzyl, Yamal(along with options Kyzyl, Yamal).

2. After other consonants:

a) before letters that convey hard consonants, for example: carving, take, earlier, nanny, letter, request, very, induce, witch, wedding, darkness, threshing, pah;

In most adjectives with the suffix ?sk? consonants n And R before the suffix - solid, therefore b they do not include, for example: horse, Kazan, Tyumen, knightly, January, Jaeger. However, in the following adjectives, these consonants before the suffix ?sk? soft, in them after n And R spelled b : day?day, june, september, october, november, december, as well as in many adjectives formed from non-Russian proper geographical names on uh, for example: Tien Shan, Taiwanese, Phnom Penh, Torun, Sichuan, Tianjin. Nouns formed with the suffix ?c? from the same geographical names: Kazanians, Tyumen, but Taiwanese, Phnom Penh, Torun etc.

b) before letters that convey soft consonants, b it is written only in those cases when, in other forms of the same word or in words with the same root, the second soft consonant becomes hard, and the first consonant remains soft, for example: take(cf. I'll take), eight (eighth), witch (witch), in the darkness (darkness), carving (thread), mowing (mowing), wedding (wedding), threshing (threshing), earrings (earrings), skates (skates), uncle (uncle).

3. In other cases, after the letter that conveys a soft consonant, b is not written, for example: unless, prisoner, gnaw, bones, carry, syndicate, review, early, pension, bow, if, song .

Letter b not written in consonant combinations LF, NS, in particular before suffixes ?chik, ?schik, ?chin(a), for example: nurse, dandelion, cup, tip, chick; bricklayer, bathhouse attendant, partisanship, Ryazan region.

The letter "b" as an indicator of grammatical form

Letter b written (regardless of pronunciation) in the following grammatical forms:

but) in complex numbers front ?ten And ?hundred: fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, five hundred, six hundred, seven hundred, eight hundred, nine hundred;

In numerals fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen front ?eleven b is not written.

b) in the indefinite form of the verb (infinitive) before? Xia (same as in the infinitive of verbs without ?Xia), for example: bathe, have, pour, split, put on shoes, wash, laugh;

in ) in the imperative mood of verbs front ?Xia And ?those(same as in forms without ?Xia And ?those), for example: set off, weigh yourself, back up, sit down, stand up, quit, meet, check ;

G) in the form of the instrumental plural of nouns , for example: people, horses, doors, children, as well as in the instrumental form of the numeral four .

After w, w, h, w letter b traditionally written in the following grammatical forms:

but) at the end of nominative/accusative singular feminine nouns of the 3rd declension , for example: rye, whim, mouse, falseness, night, trifle, thing, help;

b ) at the end of the 2nd person singular of present and future tense verbs (after w ), for example: carry, laugh, see, give, rush;

in) in imperative forms of verbs , for example:smear, eat, hide, cut, comfort, hide, don't wince;

G) in the indefinite form of verbs (after h ), for example: bake, cut, crush, get carried away, burn yourself .

The letter ь after hissing is also written at the end of adverbs and particles , for example: wide open, all the way, backhand, jump, back, unbearable, away, completely, you, only, you see, you see. Exceptions: letter b not written in adverbs married, unbearable, in a particle already, as well as in the preposition between .

The letter ь after hissing is not written at the end of the following grammatical forms:

but) nominative / accusative singular masculine nouns of the 2nd declension , for example: knife, ball, ladle, raincoat;

b) genitive plural of feminine nouns of the 1st declension , for example: puddles(from puddle), clouds, galoshes, groves ;

in) short forms of masculine adjectives , for example: fresh, good, good, poor.

Part of speech	rule		Examples
Noun	b is written - f.r. 3 cl. units		Youth, luxury
	b is not written	m.r. 2 fold. unit h	Watchman, key, ivy
			Tasks, pears, schools
Adjective	In short adjectives with a base, the hissing b is not written		Fresh, hot, good
Verb	indefinite form		Take care, get burned
	2 person singular		Can you draw
	Imperative mood		Smear, don't cry
Adverb	Always (excl. already, married, unbearable)		Jump, wide open, all the way
Particles			Only, I mean, ish, vis

Examples for spelling warm-up:

Re h b , young well b , we w b , di h b , but h b , full h b , before h b , ne h b , retu w b , su w b , those h b , ti w b. Kama w , goods SCH , but well , payment well , headlight w , feces h , boron SCH , gara well , monta well , gro w , thrust h , obru h , le SCH , ovo SCH , pla SCH , pla h, Yes h , ro SCH , mature SCH , fire SCH , roof w , meet h , thousand h Sve well , prigo well , pogo well , input well , like well , not like well , similar well , ry well , besty well , du well , clumsily well , wide h , oho h , neoho h , sing h , live h , jump h , thrust h , I'm taking h , bad luck h. Teach w b , teach w b Xia , wear w b , wear w b Xia , carried w b , carried w b Xia, losing w b , losing w b Xia , sleep w b , get some sleep w b Xia, familiar m b those , known m b Xia ; bro from b , bro from b Xia , bro from b those , bro from b tes ; otre well b. Splo w b , vska h b , about h b , for example h b , then h b -in something h b , back h b , Nastya well b , backwards w b , neumo h b.

Exercise number 1. Explain the spelling b, indicate the spelling, indicate the part of speech.

ovo SCH	Existing, 2 cl, m.r.	Do not Cry
I will bring SCH	short adjective
		get carried away








admiring
		transient
		mutual aid
have fun		cry
vaults		get burned
		lie in wait
backhand		discover

Exercise number 2. Put these nouns in R.P. pl. h, make up phrases with a subordinating relationship management.

Exercise number 3. Match these words with single-root nouns with a basis in hissing, write down, mark the spelling.

watchdog
		plush
youth
to help
radiant		march
		bearded

glib

Exercise number 4. Write down nouns in R.P. pl. numbers

Exercise number 5. Replace the full forms of adjectives with short ones. Underline the adjectives as members of the sentence. What part of the sentence are short adjectives?

good friend
handsome young man
viscous honey
dense forest
shameless man
hot coffee
broad-shouldered youth
black cop
father-like son
biting frost
redhead baby

skinny goose
suitable occasion

Exercise #6.

offended	grievances ish Xia	will rise
return
bend		look after
		grow up

get enough sleep

Explain the spelling of verb endings in the form of the 3rd person plural. numbers.

eat	eat b , eat b those		slice
smear			not cry
hide			be comforted
appoint			multiply
save	save, save
bake		distract
dissect		save

Exercise number 7. Find the correspondence of phrases with synonymous adverbs for hissing, indicate the spelling.

Exercise number 8. Fill in the columns of the table (indicate only word numbers)

1) grease_ 2) married_ 3) youth_4) back_ 5) tractor_ 6) treasure_ 7) land_ 8) pursue_ 9) mighty_ 10) already_ 11) enter_ 12) hide_ 13) thing_ 14) fresh_ 15) skinny_ 16) fiddler_ 17) e.g. ) speech_ 35) patronage_ 36) omniscient _ 37) electric stove_ 38) dry_ 39) calculated 40) false_ 41) prestige_ 42) revenge_ 43) kleish_ 44) zanemoch_ 45) strong man_ 46) medical doctor_ 47) arbitration_ 48) brilliant_ 49) ish_ 50) smelly_

In this lesson, the spelling of a soft sign after adverbs hissing at the end is considered in detail, and a repetition of already studied spellings is also given.

A soft sign at the end of adverbs is always written after hissing h And w.

After well soft sign is not written. An exception: wide open b .

For example: (leave) about whose; (hit) backwards sh; (go out) deputy well; (open window) wide open b(excl.).

Table. Adverbs ending in sibilant

With a soft sign

No soft sign

other b

jump b

exactly to the point b

back b

unmuch b (colloquial)

at all b (colloquial)

backhand b

all over b

deputy well

at well ( in meaning already)

unbearable well (colloquial)

Repetition. Soft sign after hissing at the end different parts speeches

Verb

A soft sign is always written at the end of verbs after hissing. This applies to all verb forms:

- verbs in the 2nd person singular present tense: you read b, look b;

- verbs in the imperative mood: dir b, esh b, mazh b ;

- verbs in indefinite form: burn b, oven b, sterech b .

Adjective

Short form adjectives ending in sibilant never have a soft sign at the end. For example: can h, sve well, well w .

Noun

A soft sign at the end of nouns after hissing is written only in feminine words of the 3rd declension. For example: daughter b, lies b, thing b .

All other nouns ending in hissing are written without a soft sign:

- masculine nouns of the 2nd declension in the nominative case.

For example: reed, comrade, lily of the valley;

- feminine nouns of the 1st declension in the plural in the genitive case: (many) pears, clouds, puddles.

Bibliography

Razumovskaya M.M., Lvova S.I. and others. Russian language. 7th grade. Textbook. – 13th ed. – M.: Bustard, 2009.
Baranov M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A. and others. Russian language. 7th grade. Textbook. – 34th ed. – M.: Enlightenment, 2012.
Russian language. Practice. 7th grade. Ed. S.N. Pimenova - 19th ed. – M.: Bustard, 2012.
Lvova S.I., Lvov V.V. Russian language. 7th grade. In 3 hours - 8th ed. – M.: Mnemosyne, 2012.

Didactic materials. Section "Adverb" (Source).
Adverb as a part of speech (Source).
Parts of speech in Russian (Source).
culture writing. Adverb (Source).

Homework

Exercise number 265. Baranov M.T., Ladyzhenskaya T.A. and others. Russian language. 7th grade. Textbook. – M.: Enlightenment, 2012.

Task number 1. Determine what part of speech (in what form) the words belong to; insert, where necessary, a soft sign.

1. Linuch. hot fresh. odorous. good.

2. Dacha. tasks. clouds groves

3. Assign multiply smear

4. Stitch. oven burn, save

5. Husband. scenery. reeds.

6. Little things. quiet wilderness

7. You go. sleep keep quiet.

8. Jump. wide open married. unbearable

Task number 2. Rewrite, inserting missing letters where necessary.

1. Wide open. the gate is heavy (Bl.). 2. Already. how many times have they told the world that flattery is vile, harmful, but only not for the future (Kry.). 3. You at all. leave, stranger (Nar.). 4. Downhill jump. but as on a mountain - at least cry (Last). 5. The officer hit Ostap backhand. whip across the face (Paust.). 6. To the horizon, to the very edge, gray-gray, gray-green, solid. walks, playing with steep shafts, June rye (V. Bock.). 7. Some kind of beast jumped out of the thicket with one jump and lay down, playing, on its back. on the sand (L.). 8. We walked the road, all the time. covered with brown last year's leaves (Kupr.). 9. No matter how often the young woman had to be unbearable. grass fell under the scythe, rye burned under the sickle (N.).

Soft sign at the end of nouns after hissing

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In this lesson, you will learn the rule for spelling a soft sign at the end of nouns in the initial form after the sibilant letters. Remember what kind of work a soft sign does. You can practice using a soft sign

In ancient times, some nouns had a b at the end after the hissing letters, while other nouns ended in b. Then b disappeared, and b remained.

In the lesson, you will learn which nouns have a soft sign at the end after the hissing letters.

We observe nouns with hissing letters at the end:

Grandpa had a wonderful pencil. He could draw a moonlit night and a sunbeam, golden rye and a delicate white lily of the valley. A wonderful thing!(According to M. Ilyin)

The nouns from these sentences were written in two columns. What do the words in each column have in common?

These are nouns in initial form(form I.p., singular), ending in the letters of hissing [h ', w, w '].

What makes them different from the words in the other column?

In the first column of the word female, and in the second - male.

Let's find out what work b does after the letters of hissing consonants at the end of nouns in the initial form:

In Russian, b often does not mean the softness of consonants at all. Sometimes he just indicates the form of the word.

This work is done by b at the end of nouns in the initial form after the letters of hissing consonants. He reports: This is a feminine noun.

After the letters of nouns hissing at the end, ь is written only in feminine words. In masculine words, b is not written.

[h ', u ', w]

Nouns in the initial form with hissing at the end always have an orthogram, because we choose whether to write b or not.

Let's discuss how to proceed:

How to act?

1. When you hear a hiss at the end of a word, recognize the part of speech.

2. If this is a noun in the initial form, determine the gender

3. If the word is feminine - b is written, masculine - b is not written.

If you don't know the gender of a noun, consult a dictionary.

hoop? - he, m.r., b is not written - hoop

bream? - he, m.r., b is not written - le

help? - she, female, at the end b - help

comrade? - he, m.r., b is not written - comrades

trifle? - she, female, at the end b - melo

bitter? - she, female, at the end of b - grief

The bream is a freshwater fish with a flat body.

We determine which words are written in the form of transcription:

What words are transcribed?

What spelling do you know at the end of words?

[dro w] [str'i w] [bro w] [pl'a w] [rόskash]

Spelling paired for deafness-voiced consonant.

[dro w] - drot, dro, she, f.r.

[str'i sh] - no stri, stri, he, m.r.

[bro w] - brochka, bro, she, f.r.

[pl’a w] - no beach, beach, he, m.r.

[rόskash] - (what?) luxurious, rόsko - she, zh.r., at the end b,

o - the letter of an unstressed vowel, w - the letter of a double consonant

We find words with spelling in poetic lines:

Determine which words have the spelling b after the letters hissing in nouns.

The old rook fell asleep in the nest.

His rook is sleeping...

You listen, as everywhere

Good and quiet.(E. Serova)

Who harms the trees?

Sharpens the tree bark beetle.

Heard the trees crying

He arrived at dawn

And tapped on the bark.(A. Chasovnikov)

gra - he, m.r., b is not written

pla - he, m.r., b is not written

vra - he, m.r., b is not written

I again dreamed of wilds,

The wilderness of deserts, the sunset is quiet.

Yellow lion sneaks up to zebra

Through grass and reeds.(V. Bryusov)

Russian speech is like music to me:

In it the word sounds, sings,

It breathes the Russian soul

Its creator, the people. (N. Brown)

glu - she, female, at the end b

ti - she, female, at the end b

kamy - he, m.r., b is not written

re - she, female, at the end b

In what fairy-tale words should a soft sign be placed after the hissing letter?

In what fairy tale words is it necessary (according to the rules of Russian spelling) to put a soft sign after the hissing letter?

Pyashlya kuzh ... Stormy poupolosh ... Meowing duch ...

Pyashlyaya (what?) kuzh (she, female, at the end of b).

Stormy (what?) poupolosh (he, m.r., b is not spelled).

Meow (what?) Duch (she, female, at the end of b).

We learn words by interpreting their meanings:

1. A person playing the violin - ...

2. Unsettled, uncultivated piece of land - ...

3. Influence, respect enjoyed by someone or something - ...

4. Thick opaque watercolor paint - ...

5. The number of published copies of a book, newspaper or magazine - ...

6. An old copper coin in half a penny - ...

1. violinist (he, m.r.)

2. empty (she, female)

3. presti (he, m.r.)

4. gua (she, female)

5. tira (he, m.r.)

6. gro (he, m.r.)

Zdorovyak - [crepes w], crepes, the letter of the double consonant w,

strong man, he, m.r., without b.

Strength - [mo sch '], mo-one, female, at the end b.

Young people - [young w], no young, the letter of the double consonant w,

young - she, female, at the end of b.

The call is [kli h'], he, m.r., kli, without b.

Nonsense, stupidity - [chu w], no chu, the letter of the double consonant sh,

chu - she, female, at the end b.

Spring - [key h ’], he, m.r., key, without b.

We solve spelling problems:

Remember the fairy tales of A. Pushkin and add nouns with letters of hissing consonants at the end.

You, ..., my savior, my mighty deliverer.

And the bridegroom was found by her, ... Elisha.

My golden cockerel will be true ... yours.

A fairy tale ... yes, there is a hint in it!

You, kings [h '], my savior, my mighty deliverer.

And the bridegroom was found by her, Queen [h’] Elisha.

My golden cockerel will be faithful to you.

Fairy tale lo [sh], but there is a hint in it!

kings - he, m.r., b is not written

queens - m.r., b is not written

side - m.r., b is not written, there is no side, the letter of the double consonant j

lo - she, female, at the end b, no l, the letter of the double consonant j

Guess the riddles and write the answers correctly.

Glad even for a bread crumb,

Because before dark

She hides in a burrow.

2. He eats firewood in winter and sleeps in summer.

We - she, f.r., at the end of b

Pe - she, female, at the end b

An interesting spelling task, how to write a word, with b or without?

Let's look at the dictionary.

Touch - a short solemn musical greeting.

Tu - he, m.r., b is not written.

Mascara - resistant paint for drawing, drawing, writing, cosmetic paint (mascara).

Tu - she, zh.r, at the end b.

Let's remember what kind of work a soft sign does:

Solve spelling problems. Write words with b in three columns:

denotes softness, helps to designate the sound [th '], indicates the form.

Beyond the river is the forest. Does it contain game?

Look into the syn? its lakes, cross the top?, bypass the sharp branches? How do the nightingales sing?

Build a hut ?, make a fire ?, fire? bread on rods? Listen to how sleepy trees creak, how an owl flies to hunt?

Di - she, female, at the end b, indicates the form of the word.

Sin - b denotes the softness of the consonant.

Swamp - b denotes the softness of the consonant.

Su - helps to designate the sound [th ']. Solo - helps to designate the sound [th ']. Shala - he, m.r., b is not written.

Fire - b denotes the softness of the consonant.

On pruh - helps to designate the sound [th ']. Dere - helps to designate the sound [th ']. Sy - he, m.r., b is not written.

The owl is a nocturnal bird of the owl order.

denotes softness helps to denote the sound [y’] indicates the form

blue bitch game

fire on the bars

Conclusion:

In the lesson, you learned that nouns in the initial form with hissing at the end always have a spelling, because we choose whether to write b or not.

After letters hissing at the end of nouns, b is written only in feminine words. In masculine words, b is not written.

Bibliography

M.S. Soloveichik, N. S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Textbook. Grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
M.S. Soloveichik, N. S. Kuzmenko "To the secrets of our language" Russian language: Workbook. Grade 3: in 3 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2010.
TV Koreshkova Test tasks in the Russian language. Grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
T. V. Koreshkova Practice! Notebook for independent work in Russian for grade 3: in 2 parts. - Smolensk: Association XXI century, 2011.
L.V. Mashevskaya, L.V. Danbitskaya Creative tasks in the Russian language. - St. Petersburg: KARO, 2003.
G.T. Dyachkova Olympiad tasks in Russian. 3-4 classes. - Volgograd: Teacher, 2008.

Homework

Read the riddle. Write down the answer. Prove the correct spelling of words with hissing letters at the end.

The river grows reeds.

The baby lives in the reeds.

He has green skin

And with a green face. (P. Sinyavsky)

Read the words and say how they are all similar. Orally divide them into two groups. Point above their words hallmark and solve the spelling problem.
Midnight?, thing?, cloak?, help?, knife?, floor?, dry?, ruff?

Solve spelling problems in nouns. To do this, indicate the gender in brackets. Choose appropriate adjectives for nouns, combine words and add endings; solve other spelling problems.

Internet portal Rus.1september.ru (Source).
Internet portal School-collection.edu.ru (Source).
Internet portal Therules.ru (Source).
Internet portal Oldskola1.narod.ru (Source).

b after hissing in verbs, at the end of nouns and adverbs!

In the article, we will analyze in detail when written ь after hissing in the verb, nouns and adverbs. Also on understandable examples show typical mistakes writing soft sign after hissing.

There are only 4 hissing letters in the Russian language. These are the letters Щ, Ж, Ш and Ш. The main cases concerning the spelling b after hissing are the writing of a soft sign after hissing in the verb, at the end of nouns and adverbs. Let's analyze each case separately.

When is b written after hissing in a verb?

“We ALWAYS write a soft sign after hissing in verbs!”

In textbooks, most often they list that “b” is written if the verb is in the infinitive (answers the question what to do? Or what to do?), in the second person singular (combined with the pronoun you) or in the imperative mood (there is an indication to action).
It is not necessary to memorize all this, since in all other forms, hissing at the end is not found.
Let's look at examples.
Infinitives: attract, burn, lie down.
Second person, singular: write, love, breathe.
Imperative form: cut, spread, eat!

By the way, a soft sign can stand not only at the end of verbs. When adding -sya and -te after the hissing letter "b" is preserved. For example: cut, smear, fall in love.

The most common mistake with a soft sign in verbs is writing it between -t and -sya in different persons. If we write " to shave"(what to do? with a soft sign), then" shaves” (what does?) we write without b. The rule is simple: If the question is with “b” at the end, then we also write a soft sign between -t and -sya.”Remember that the letter T does not belong to hissing ones, so this rule is not entirely on the topic of the article.
We have looked at verbs. Let's move on to nouns!

Soft sign after hissing at the end of nouns

The rule is pretty simple:

“L after nouns hissing at the end is written ONLY if the noun is feminine singular!”

In all other cases b is NOT written after the hissing nouns at the end.

Let's look at examples.
With a soft sign after hissing:
Rye, night, lie, thing, daughter.
“The queen gave birth in the night to either a son or a daughter.” A.S. Pushkin.
The feminine singular can be determined by substituting the pronoun "my".
My daughter, my lie, my whim.

Without soft sign:
A doctor, a knife, a lot of clouds, a lot of pears, a brick, a kalach, a pug, Alexander Sergeevich.

As we can see, the soft sign is not written after singular masculine nouns, in plural nouns, at the end of masculine patronymics.
It is easier to remember when a soft sign in nouns is written than when it is not written 🙂.

Soft sign after adverbs hissing at the end

Here, too, everything is quite simple:

“L after adverbs hissing at the end is ALWAYS written, with the exception of adverbs: already, married, unbearable.”

Examples: away, completely, backhand, only, jump, wide open, backwards, exactly the same.

It is very important to understand what an adverb is, because a common mistake is to write a soft sign after a hiss in short adjectives.
Good, handsome, hot, powerful, smelly, etc. are written no soft sign.

How to distinguish a short adjective from an adverb?
The adverb answers the questions: Where? When? Where? Where? Why? What for? …and most often: How?
The adverb denotes a sign of action, that is, to refer to the verb. Gone away. Refused outright. Repeated exactly.

A short adjective answers the question: What? And denotes the attribute of the subject. That is, refer to the noun. The house is good. The shower is hot. Wind, wind, you are mighty ...

In addition to verbs, nouns, adverbs and short adjectives b after sibilants is found in particles and pronouns. In them, most people write a soft sign intuitively correctly and remembering these cases, in our opinion, is not so important.
However, for reference:
In particles with hissing endings, a soft sign is always WRITTEN. These are particles: ouch, only, I mean, ouch.
Examples of using particles in sentences:
That is, it is. Look what you found. It's just thunder.

There are only two pronouns: OUR and YOUR. In them SOFT SIGN IS NOT WRITTEN.

Here, in fact, are all the main cases of using b after hissing.
To consolidate, we also bring to your attention a scheme that combines all of the above on writing a soft sign after hissing.

If you have any questions about when it is written ь after hissing in nouns, verbs, adverbs or other parts of speech, be sure to write them in the comments.

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Soft sign after hissing nouns in nouns

Let's look at the drawing. Why are these nouns arranged in different columns?

Please note that in the second column, nouns have a soft sign at the end after the sibilants, while in the first column there is no soft sign. Why?

In the first column all nouns are masculine, and in the second - feminine.

Soft sign after hissing spelled at the end of nouns feminine in the singular. This is a spelling.

So, let's determine whether to write a soft sign at the end of the following nouns:

Trembling(?) (what?) n. zh.r. - shiver

broch(?) (what?) n. zh.r. - brooch

rich man(?) (who?) n. m. - rich

knife(?) (what?) n. m. - knife

youth(?) (who?) n. well. R. - young people

At the end of nouns male after hissing soft sign is not written.

A soft sign after the hissing at the end of some nouns can help to recognize the gender of this noun.

ink(feminine) for writing

Thank you for being with us.

Soft sign In this article we will talk about a soft sign. For what.
Declension of adjectives Today we will talk about the declension of adjectives. For those, who.
Declension of nouns Changing a word in numbers and cases is called declension. In this one.
Plural Nouns We continue to study nouns and the topic of this article is nouns.
Spelling of unstressed case endings of nouns of 3 declensions Let's continue the topic of declension of nouns. We have discussed in previous articles.

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Soft sign at the end of feminine nouns

Spelling. Total dictation 2014

"After well, w, h, SCH letter b traditionally written in the following grammatical forms:

a) at the end of the forms to them. p. units h. nouns wives. gender of the 3rd declension, for example: rye, whim, mouse, falsehood, night, trifle , thing, help;

b) at the end of the 2nd person singular. hours of present and future tense verbs (after w), for example: carry, laughing, see, give, rushing;

c) in the forms of the imperative mood of verbs, for example: smear, eat, hide, cut, console yourself, hide yourself, don't wince;