Homemade machines for the manufacture of cinder blocks and other building materials at home. Making molds for cinder blocks with your own hands

14.06.2019

Cinder block is a universal building material for the construction of buildings and fences. Many developers prefer to make such blocks of a convenient size and guaranteed quality with their own hands at minimal financial cost.

At self-manufacturing we will limit ourselves only to a special form. We note that hollow blocks made of cement or granulated slag, that is, foundry waste, as well as other fillers, are multifunctional: they muffle sounds as much as possible and retain heat well.

Features of the container for cinder blocks

Dimensions

Standard cinder blocks with dimensions of 390x190x188 mm are on sale side by side with semi-blocks of smaller dimensions - 390x120x188 mm.

But in home-made cinder blocks, we will choose the size that suits us best. However, such free dimensions should not enlarge and burden the products too much, otherwise it will be difficult to work. That is, let the mass of the block be no more than 20 kg.

By the way, increasing the size of the block saves mortar during masonry, and reducing it greatly facilitates construction. And yet the price of 1 meter of masonry remains almost unchanged. In this regard, professionals consider blocks with dimensions of 330x145x330 mm to be optimal.

Deviations in the height of the form should be no more than 5 mm.
Proportionate plates of plywood, metal, getinax are suitable for dividing parts.
Note that the distance between the crossbars corresponds to the length of the blocks, their width corresponds to the thickness. Therefore, the necessary drawings of molds for cinder blocks will not allow us to allow marriage: it is worth strictly observing the dimensions in the manufacture of this tooling.
Wooden elements need to be painted oil paint, repelling moisture and facilitating the removal of cinder blocks from the mold.
In order for the finished block to be easily removed from the mold, it is better to make it collapsible, and put a film instead of the bottom.

Types of molds for the manufacture of cinder blocks

Wooden collapsible

In the home production of these blocks, wooden forms are convenient, which are easier to manufacture.

This design is an elementary formwork into which we pour the cement mixture.
To make a tooling mold, you need planed boards as wide as the height of a cinder block. And their length is up to 2 meters - with boards it is longer and more difficult to work with.
Then, with crossbars from short boards, we divide the base into separate cells in which cinder blocks are formed.

It is advisable to put these parts on latches - sliding grooves. These dividing plates can also be installed in cut-to-length boards.
In home-made molds for cinder block we will put metal cylinders, pieces of pipes or ordinary plastic bottles, filled with water (so that they do not float in the solution), heavy champagne bottles (9 pieces) with thick, durable walls to form voids in the blocks.
The bottom of the mold can be covered with cellophane.

Advice!
For the unimpeded removal of the raw cinder block from the tank, a prerequisite for the void former is its taper.

metal

We make welded metal cells with partitions according to the type of conventional formwork or an analogue made of wood. By the way, it is easier and easier to get cinder blocks from such metal equipment, especially if you first lubricate it with used oil.

Instructions for the manufacture of a metal container and its use:

it is advisable to use sheet metal from 3 mm thick;
from it we cut out a matrix according to the size of the cinder block, but with a margin of 5 cm for inevitable tamping;
then we form a through convenient box without a bottom;

Note!
We make all welding seams from the outside so that the cinder block is smooth.

rubber upholstery around the perimeter of the base will protect the edges of the block from deformation;
to strengthen the resistance to the box from the end, we will weld thin profile pipes;

in the manufacture of homemade blocks in these forms, we use a soft solution with an increased amount of water;
after a couple of hours, the solution will set, and we will disassemble the structure, leaving the blocks to dry already in a free state.

Homemade machine

Masters designed home-made machines for home production of cinder block. They are equipped with vibrating devices, which speeds up the process as much as possible: production without waiting for the concrete to harden.

Developers use 2 options:

vibrating table;
mold with a motor, while not even turning the mold over to get the formed cinder block.

The simplest such home-made block machine-box is assembled according to the "laying hen" scheme. It consists of a molding matrix - a box without a bottom and a vibrator on the side of the wall. This vibrator can be made from any low-power 150 W electric motor (for example, from washing machine).

The box must have handles so that after the formation of the cinder block, the form can be easily removed without damaging the cast itself.

Conclusion

Developers sometimes cast betonite in unique transformers.

The most optimal are collapsible forms.

For independent production of blocks, we will make molds from sheet steel or planed board.
The voids are preferably round in shape.
This capacity is designed to receive several blocks at the same time.
The advantages of self-producing blocks is that we ourselves control the quality of the blocks and save on construction.

Homemade cinder blocks are ideal for capital construction and repairs: the material is not heavy and heat-intensive. Having acquired such a capacity, we can safely proceed to the production of cinder blocks for our own needs. And the video in this article will introduce you to the nuances of work.

Cinder block - an artificial wall stone made from a mixture of slag and cement, designed for erecting walls of one-story buildings. It is also used as an additional insulation in construction. frame houses. The production of this material is possible at home on your own. It is not recommended to make only foundation panels yourself. The requirements for the reliability of the foundation of the building are very high, so it is better not to save money and buy ready-made elements.

There are such varieties:

full-bodied - have the greatest strength, are designed for the construction of load-bearing walls and partitions, cladding;
hollow with a degree of voidness of 40% - they have higher heat and sound insulating properties due to the presence of cavities inside, they are cheaper, but inferior in strength due to the thinness of the walls;
hollow with a degree of voidness from 25 to 30% - have optimal proportions in terms of thermal conductivity and strength, the most popular.

Depending on the thickness of the blocks are:

wall - standard size 390 x 190 x 188 mm;
partition walls - 390 x 90 x 188 mm.

When self-manufacturing, the dimensions can be arbitrary, a prerequisite is the stability of dimensions.

Specifications

Cinder blocks have a relatively low thermal conductivity - from 0.20 to 0.65 W / m3 (better than that of a brick). Due to this, they are often used not only as a structural material, but also as a heater.
Density - from 750 to 1450 kg/m3. It differs from all other types in high strength - brand from M35 to M125. The parameter must be taken into account when designing communications, as it is difficult to cut.
Frost resistance is up to 50 freeze-thaw cycles without visible damage.

Advantages:

low price;
availability and variety of materials for manufacturing, the possibility of obtaining products with the required set of parameters suitable for specific purposes;
benefits for the environment - due to the use of waste from the metallurgical industry (slag), as well as the breakage of brick and concrete remaining during the demolition of old buildings, the number of construction waste dumps is reduced;
fire resistance;
is not a favorable environment for the development of fungi, mold, is not subject to damage by rodents;
ease of installation of walls.

Disadvantages:

very high degree of hygroscopicity - it strongly absorbs moisture from the air, reliable lining on both sides is required;
the presence of substances hazardous to health (sulfur) - for their complete weathering, the blocks are kept for outdoors at least a year, upon purchase, it is necessary to check the environmental safety certificate;
due to the need for high-quality waterproofing, cladding, the total cost of the building is slightly lower than when using more expensive building materials, significant savings are obtained only when made by hand.

From slag concrete, auxiliary, household, industrial premises, garages.

About block slag

This is a silicate metal processing waste, it is sifted through a sieve. Slag obtained from the combustion of various types solid fuel(coal, firewood), contains radioactive components, so it is not used for the construction of residential premises.

Slag types:

granulated (granulated slag);
non-granulated.

For the manufacture of building blocks, the largest fraction of granular waste is selected, smaller (non-granular) are used for asphalt production, paving slabs. The price for 1 ton of material is from 100 rubles. Distinguish between non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy waste (blast furnace), the second option is preferable, since those obtained during the processing of non-ferrous metals are more expensive.

The composition of the mixture to obtain blocks

As a binder, cement grade not lower than M400 is selected. The filler either consists entirely of slag, or mixed - crushed stone (admissibly secondary), ordinary or expanded clay sand, fine expanded clay, crushed brick are added in a small ratio. Proportions for cinder blocks: for 8-9 parts of filler, 1.5-2 parts of binder. If cement grade M500, then it can be taken about 15% less than M400.

Slag usually makes up at least 65% of the aggregate volume. For example, out of 9 parts, at least 6 fall on it, the rest is supplemented with sand, gravel. But it is theoretically possible to use brick or concrete battle, screenings for do-it-yourself production. Regardless of the type of material, it is customary to conditionally call such products slag concrete. Classic proportions: 2 parts sand, 2 parts crushed stone, 7 parts slag, 2 parts M400 Portland cement.

Water is added in a ratio of about 0.5 parts. The finished mixture is semi-dry. To check the quality, a handful is thrown onto a hard surface. If the lump crumbled, but when compressed, it easily regains its previous shape, then the composition is suitable for use.

To obtain a colored block, colored chalk or crushed brick chips are added. To increase the strength, professional plasticizers are introduced. Sometimes gypsum, sawdust, ash are added as a partial replacement for slag.

It is better to mix the components in a concrete mixer or mixer, but such equipment is expensive. A small amount is kneaded by hand, the process is laborious.

Cinder block production technology

They are made in two ways:

manually - the quality of finished products is low, uneven, but generally meets the requirements of standards;
vibration casting, using a vibrating table or a vibrating machine - they are more durable.

In large volumes, they are made by vibrocompression. The equipment for this method is expensive, so it is not suitable for home production. The room should be well ventilated, with a flat hard floor. This is necessary condition for drying and storage.

Regardless of the method chosen, the prepared mixture is first placed in special rectangular frames. They are made of plastic wooden planks or metal sheets, necessarily collapsible and without a bottom - for easy extraction. For the same purpose, before pouring, the walls are lubricated with grease or soapy water. It is more convenient to use formwork from several cells (usually from 4 to 6). In the manufacture of wood, boards with absolutely smooth surface, otherwise, when stripping, knots and irregularities will cling.

Hollow formers are additionally attached to the bottom of the mold for hollow blocks - cylindrical or rectangular made of metal or wood. Instead of them, you can put glass bottles, after the mixture has solidified, they are taken out.

2. Do-it-yourself machine.

A simple ready-made machine for cinder blocks costs from 6,500 rubles. But if you want and have a set necessary tools and its details are easy to make at home on your own.

Procedure:

From four steel sheets 3-4 mm thick, weld rectangular shape without a bottom internal dimension 390x190x190 mm.
Along the perimeter of the top of the box, weld a steel strip-side.
Weld guides to the lower parts of the short sides for easy removal and movement of the machine.
cut out metal pipe round section with a diameter of about 6 cm, three parts of equal length.
Install the segments in a vertical position in a row along one line at a distance of about 4 cm from each other and connect them by welding or gluing jumpers between them. To the outer sides of the extreme pipes, also attach jumpers for connection with the walls. The exact dimensions of all parts depend on the diameter of the void formers and the length of the box.
Close the pipes from above with plugs. Insert the pipe structure into the mold and attach.
Install height limiters on the inner walls of the box.
Attach handles to the short sides.
From the fifth steel sheet cut out the clamping cover. During the production of blocks, it is put on the void formers so that they protrude. Therefore, in the cover there should be slots for pipes and jumpers between them, larger by 1-2 mm in size.
From above, weld two U-shaped handles to the received part. They are installed along the short sides of the cover vertically.
Attach to one of the long sides of the mold with bolts or welded studs a site vibrator motor. Since its cost is relatively high and it is difficult to obtain it, it is possible to use a two-shaft motor from a washing machine instead. To homemade engine attach balancers.

3. Manufacture of cinder blocks by hand.

Spread on a flat surface or floor polyethylene film. Put greased molds on it.
Prepare the mixture according to the recommended proportions.
Sort it into shapes. For hollow blocks, insert bottles (if there are no void formers).
Level the surface, remove excess mortar.
Remove the bottles after 5 hours.
After 24 hours, get the blocks.
Lay out on a flat horizontal surface.
After a week, fold in several rows and leave to dry for another 21 days. During the drying process, they are covered with a film. Optimal conditions - air temperature from +20 to +25°C, no direct sunlight.

If there is a vibrating table, the molds are placed on its surface. Vibration is turned on for about a minute. Exact time it is better to determine empirically by making trial bricks. Exceeding the exposure time to vibration leads to poor quality. Then the structures with the compacted mixture are removed from the table and treated in the same way as with hand made(see paragraphs 5-8 of the instructions).

4. Do-it-yourself production of cinder blocks at home on a vibrating machine.

Manufacturing scheme using a simple machine:

Lay out pieces of plywood or OSB measuring 500x300 mm on the floor. They will serve as substrates for the blocks.
Install the machine on the first sheet of plywood.
Prepare the composition, observing the recommended proportions.
Fill in the form.
Turn on the engine for 20-30 s (for a more accurate determination of the optimal time of vibrator action on cinder concrete, it is recommended to make trial bricks and evaluate their strength, uniformity of the finished material).
Turn off the vibration - the mixture settles a few centimeters, fill the box to the top again. Turn on the motor and press the cover. It should rest against the height limiters on the inner walls.
After turning off the vibration, remove the machine from the block and move it to the next substrate.
Repeat all steps on each prepared plywood sheet.

The terms of readiness and drying conditions are the same as for manual production.

The cinder block is made from a solution of cement and filler by pressing, vibrocompression, molding or natural shrinkage. In most cases, these methods are combined.

As a filler, for the manufacture of cinder block, are used various materials, such as slag, granotsev, crushed stone, sand, expanded clay, different kinds battlefield from glass concrete and bricks.

This building material is made in the form of a parallelepiped with or without cavities in the middle. There are several varieties of cinder blocks, among which are:

by filling - full-bodied or with cavities;
on appearance- blocks and semi-blocks;
at the place of use - facial or conventional;
by type of surface - polished, corrugated, torn, chipped, smooth;
by load - interior or load-bearing;
by use - decorative and ordinary;
by color - colored and gray (ordinary);
with or without mounting slots.

Depending on the type of product, the standards for the manufacture of cinder blocks differ, among which the following main ones stand out:

Solid wall (bearing) blocks have the following dimensions: width - 18 cm, height - 18.8 cm and length 39 cm.
Wall semi-blocks have the following dimensions: width - 12 cm, height - 18.8 cm and length 39 cm, they can also be 9 cm wide, 18.8 cm high and 39 cm long.
Partition (interroom) blocks have the following dimensions: width - 12 cm, height - 18.8 cm and length 39 cm.

The cinder block is made both in industrial and at home. At the same time, thanks to a specially used technology for saturating the product with moisture, an industrial cinder block is almost twice as high quality and stronger than those made at home.

According to the analysis, even made at home, this building material can last up to thirty years.

Depending on the manufacturing method and the materials used as a filler, the following characteristics of this building material can be distinguished:

the weight of one solid block is from 25 to 28 kg, hollow from 18 to 23 kg and semi-block from 10 to 13 kg;
the coefficient of hollowness should not exceed 0.3;
thermal conductivity coefficient of cinder block is one of the lowest among building materials, while it depends on the type of filler and lies in the range from 0.27 to 0.65 W per square meter;
density depending on the type of filler is from 750 to 1455 kg per cubic meter;
impact resistance marking ranges from M-35 to M-150;
the service life, depending on the climate and the method of manufacture, varies from 30 to 100 years.

The process of making cinder blocks

In general, the process of manufacturing a cinder block consists of the following technological steps:

Preparation of the solution by mixing cement, filler and water, according to a given recipe.
Filling the matrix of the product, while shrinking the material using vibration or mold stuffing.
Extraction of the semi-finished product from the matrix.
Additional processing, semi-finished product for saturation with moisture.
Solidification of the semi-finished product.

Making a machine for the production of cinder blocks

Do you need a cinder block making machine? Make it yourself. This article will help you in making a machine with a matrix for 2 cinder blocks with dimensions of 390x190x190 each.

First, consider the principle of operation of the proposed machine. The machine must be installed on a flat, horizontal surface. Then, lower the frame with void formers to the floor using a lever.

The clamp will rise and the mixture will fall asleep. After filling the matrix with the mixture, the clamp is lowered. The height of future cinder blocks is regulated by a clamp. Then pressing the mixture, it must be compacted. To do this, you can use a vibroelectric motor or tamp it manually. Upon completion of compaction, the matrix rises and the machine rolls back. For this, the machine has wheels. And so on for the production of each pair of cinder blocks.

After considering the principle of operation, you should deal with the device of this home-made machine. A drawing will be provided for each part.

Let's start by looking at the matrix. As already mentioned, the matrix into two blocks.
It consists of an apron, a box, void formers and guides on the left and right sides.
The void formers are made of pipes. A groove is cut in each of them, through which a connecting metal plate passes. For a more detailed consideration, a drawing of this part is presented below.
The next detail we will look at is the apron. The apron of the machine consists of 4 elements.
These are the top edges of our matrix. They are made of 3 mm thick metal sheet. The drawing is also attached.
There are 3 elements in the drawing, but the top one is duplicated during manufacture. Since it is installed from two opposite sides.
The matrix box is made of two paired parts that form the walls. The elements of the box are ordinary pieces of sheet metal. The drawing is shown below.
And the last elements of the matrix are the guides. They are made of profile pipes and ordinary pipes with a diameter of 60 mm.
To guide from profile pipe a small ear is welded. It is the connecting part between the lever and the matrix.
For a better understanding of where and what is attached, below you can see the drawing of the matrix.
The consideration of the matrix ends here and now it’s worth talking a little about the device of another element of the machine, which is responsible for the formation of cinder blocks - the press.
The press consists of several parts. It has two handles, each made of a profile pipe. Two walls with grooves made of metal sheet 3 mm thick. And four clamping planes. These elements can be seen in detail in the corresponding drawing.
Let's move on to the next main structural element - the frame. Externally, the frame looks like this.

It consists of two lower bases, two guides, crossbars reinforcing the strength of the structure and wheelbase. The design assumes the presence of a pipe, relative to which the lever will rotate.

This model has 4 wheels without brakes. For practicality, you can remove 2 wheels or install a brake, while the machine will be more resistant to accidental movements. Below is a drawing of the frame.

The last element left to consider is the lever. It raises the matrix relative to the ground. Consists of the following elements:

Ordinary pipe with a diameter of 21 mm.
Two square tubes with holes.
Ears.
Two pulls.

Separately, it is worth considering traction.

These elements hold the lever and the matrix together. It is made from a small rectangular pipe, at the ends of which round dies are welded. Dies with a 10 mm hole can be made from a nut by first grinding off the thread. A drawing of the lever is attached.

Video: vibrating machine for two cinder blocks - part 1.

Video: second part.

The use of cinder blocks in construction can reduce the cost of building walls several times. The manufacture of this material requires special equipment, the purchase of which is a rather costly process. We suggest studying recommendations on how to make a machine for cinder blocks with your own hands.

Cinder block - features of the material and its purpose

A cinder block is called a building material, in appearance it is similar to a stone, which is made using the vibro press method. For its production, a filler in the form of slag is used, and a cement mortar acts as a binder.

There are two options for the production of cinder blocks:

industrial;
independent or home.

To make a cinder block with their own hands, small-sized vibrating machines are used, which are capable of producing small batches of this material.

In relation to the main components of the cinder block, namely slag, it includes one of the materials in the form:

slag;
volcanic ash;
granite screenings;
crushed granite;
river gravel;
sand;
brick stone;
cement;
expanded clay, etc.

The material, the manufacture of which we will talk about later, has lower quality characteristics and durability. It is perfect for the construction of utility buildings, sheds, storage facilities.

Home-made cinder block does not allow you to spend the entire technological process in relation to all the requirements that are placed on it.

In order for the cinder block to acquire the necessary rigidity, it is necessary to withstand steaming, through which it is saturated with moisture and heated to certain temperature which increases the strength of the cement. Although with the help of blocks made on a home vibrating machine, an excellent one-story building will be obtained, the service life of which will be at least 25 years.

Cinder block machine: manufacturing features

To build this kind of machine, you should have the skills to work with a welding machine and a plumbing tool.

The main part of a home-made cinder block machine is a matrix, which has a shape for installing a solution. The matrix has the form of a metal box, in which there are certain elements that provide voids in an already manufactured product.

It is the matrix that is a kind of machine, the manufacture of which will require the presence of:

welding machine;
grinders;
vise;
locksmith tool.

As materials you will need to purchase:

sheet of metal, 3 mm thick, 1 m² in size;
one meter steel pipe, with a diameter of 7.5 to 9 cm;
steel strip 3 mm thick and 30 cm long;
electric motor, power up to 0.75 kW;
fasteners in the form of bolts and nuts.

DIY instructions for making a cinder block machine:

1. First, determine the dimensions of the product that is necessary for construction. It is possible to measure an already finished cinder block, industrial production.

2. From sheet metal cut out the side sections of the machine, there should be two of them, and there is a partition between them. You get a box that has two equal parts.

3. A bottom wall remains in the voids, the thickness of which is at least 3 cm. Thus, it will be possible to determine the height of the cylinder that will limit the voids.

4. Cut the pipe into six pieces, the length of which will equal the height of the void.

5. To make each of the cylinders tapered, it is necessary to cut each of them to the center, and then compress with a vice and weld to each other by welding. In this case, the size of the diameter will become two millimeters smaller.

6. Weld the cylinders on both sides and connect them together on the long side of the block. They should be located in such a way that the voids that will be formed exactly copy the voids of industrial production.

7. A plate, 3 cm in size, is added to the extreme sections. It must have a hole that will ensure its fixation on the surface of the lugs.

8. On the central part of each of the matrix compartments, saw through the surface and weld the lugs to it. They will help provide an opportunity to temporarily attach the restraints to form a void. A mechanism will be obtained with the help of which cinder blocks will be produced as a monolithic or non-monolithic type.

9. Select one transverse wall on which to weld the bolts, in the amount of four pieces. They act as fasteners to fix the motor.

10. On the mixture loading side, parts in the form of an apron and blades should be welded.

11. Clean and polish all components for further painting.

12. Make a press, the shape of which will be exactly the same as the mechanism itself. For its construction, you will need a plate, the holes of which will be four millimeters larger than the diameter of the cylinder. It should easily fit into the box to a height of at least 5 cm.

13. To ensure the convenience of working with the press, weld parts in the form of handles to it.

14. Coat all components of the mechanism with an anti-corrosion primer, and after it dries, install the motor.

In order to make a vibration motor out of a standard electric motor, welded bolts in the form of eccentrics should be installed on its gross sections. They must match in axial space. Nuts are installed on the bolts, the speed and type of vibration depends on the amount of twisting of which.

Drawings of the machine for cinder block:

With the help of such a matrix, both walking and remote types of the machine are made. To improve it, you need to have a good locksmith tool and experience with it.

For the manufacture of this kind of blocks, any material in the form of clay, sawdust concrete, expanded clay concrete, etc. is suitable. The standard mixture should consist of one part sand filler, one part cement and three parts slag waste.

A very important role is played by the coefficient of moisture, which is contained in the finished mixture. For its optimal determination, it is enough to examine the composition, it should not fall apart, but at the same time it should be elastic and keep its shape well.

It is this workpiece that is placed in the matrix to obtain the finished cinder block. For the formation of voids, it is recommended to use glass bottles, broken brick or sharp-angled stone.

Please note that before starting work on the machine for the production of cinder blocks, all parts should be lubricated with oil, this will prevent the finished mixture from sticking to the metal. Turning on the vibrator is possible at any stage of production, but it is best to do this before pressing the finished block. In addition, the electric motor should be securely insulated, using an apron to prevent the solution from entering the surface of the motor.

Already finished cinder blocks should be kept outside, in summer, at a temperature of +12 to +30 degrees. In order for the blocks not to dry out, they are covered with plastic wrap.

Equipment for the production of cinder blocks and technology for their manufacture

The manufacture of a cinder block begins with the preparation of a concrete solution, which consists of cement, water and slag. All components are mixed together with a concrete mixer or mixer. Manual mixing of the solution takes longer and requires great physical effort to implement it.

All work is carried out exclusively at positive air temperatures, since water solidifies during frost. When the solution is ready, it is poured into a mold, which can be hollow or monolithic. Standard size each block 39x19x18.

When the block has an already compacted structure, it is removed from the mold, and the block itself is installed on the floor or on a pallet. The procedure for drying the cinder block lasts at natural air temperature, which should not be less than twenty degrees. Thus, it will be possible to obtain material suitable for further construction. In order to avoid drying out of the material, maximum air humidity should be ensured.

After the cinder blocks have dried, they acquire additional strength and are sent for storage in a dry place in the form of a warehouse.

Materials of various composition are used as raw materials. The choice of one or another raw material is influenced by the capabilities of the equipment on which the cinder block is made and the type of structure that will be built from it.

The most common options for fillers for the manufacture of cinder blocks with their own hands are materials in the form of:

brick waste;
sand;
crushed stone;
ash;
expanded clay, etc.

The amount of one or another ingredient depends on the requirements for the final product.

A fairly common component for the manufacture of cinder block is a plasticizer, which improves specifications finished material. In addition, the use of plasticizers increases the strength of the finished building, its resistance to frost and moisture.

After the manufacture of cinder blocks, the process of construction and the direct erection of walls from cinder blocks will follow. Another important factor, affecting the quality of cinder block construction - finishing and insulation of the finished building.

The standard composition for preparing a mixture for cinder blocks consists of:

one part of cement;
nine parts of slag;
50% of the amount of cement water.

Another option for the manufacture of cinder blocks involves the use of:

four parts of small screenings;
four parts of granite slag;
one part cement to 50% water.

Production of cinder blocks - general requirements for the performance of work

For the manufacture of high-quality cinder block, the following rules should be followed:

know the exact recipe and composition of the mixture;
follow the technology of manufacturing cinder blocks;
have enough professional equipment.

In addition, the key to a high-quality cinder block made at home is the use of coarse sand, blast-furnace slag, high-quality cement with a minimum grade of 400. In addition, special equipment with a vibropress is required.

Burnt coal, which is used as a filler, is excellent for making slag. One of the important requirements for the production of cinder blocks is the observance of a symmetrical and even geometric shape of the finished product. Since the amount of mortar required for the construction of the finished building depends on the number of irregularities and flaws in the cinder block. In order to avoid the appearance of this defect, it is necessary to fill the mold to the top and even more, since when vibration is carried out, the finished mixture is compacted and reduced in size.

The vibroform is turned on every time with an interval of 6-15 seconds. Next, the vibration stops and the finished product is evaluated. If the solution is lower than the extreme line of the matrix, then a clamping cover is installed on it and vibration is turned on again. Next, the clamp rests against the limiter, the vibration is turned off, and the form is pulled out from the device.

Do-it-yourself cinder blocks: manufacturing instructions

When self-manufacturing cinder blocks, the composition of the mixture should be selected based on the type of cinder block machine. Since the quality of vibration directly determines the properties of the final product.

We offer a variant of the standard recipe for the manufacture of cinder blocks:

seven buckets of slag filler;
two buckets of sand;
two buckets of gravel;
one and a half buckets of cement;
one and a half to three buckets of water.

Please note that the amount of water affects the structure and quality of the blocks. The solution after pressing should not spread. If you throw the finished mixture on the ground and at the same time it will spread, and in the fist it will unite again, then this type of solution is suitable for the manufacture of cinder blocks.

If a room is used for the manufacture of cinder blocks, then it must have a flat floor and good ventilation, but still, it is recommended to produce cinder blocks in the open air.

Homemade machines for cinder blocks, it is suggested that this material be manufactured according to the instructions below:

1. Pour the solution into the cinder block mold. Turn on the vibrator for five seconds. If there is not enough solution, a little more mixture is added. Set the clamp, and turn on the vibrator again. When the clamping device is on the limiters, the manufacturing process is considered complete.

2. The vibroform is turned on for another 8 seconds and then the form is removed without turning off the vibrator.

3. Drying of the blocks takes a period of four to nine days. Full strength is achieved after a month. The main conditions for their storage are high humidity and temperature.

4. Transportation of blocks to the premises occurs after at least a day after their manufacture. In the presence of a plasticizer in the composition for the preparation of cinder blocks, their transportation takes place six hours after manufacture.

5. Storage of cinder blocks takes place in the form of a pyramid. After a few months, they become suitable for construction.

The fact that a do-it-yourself cinder block is quite cost-effective is undoubtedly. But how can you be sure of the reliability of the methods to ensure the highest quality when producing huge quantities of material? Let's try to figure this out!

Mode of production

In fact, there are many more devices with which to produce a cinder block than there are varieties of variations in its manufacture. In any case, slag concrete is mixed exclusively with a concrete mixer, but not manually. Everything is important here, from the number of added components and the sequence of their addition, to many other points.

And in order to form cinder blocks, like gas silicate blocks http://stroitelnymir.ru/productionwall-materialsblocks.html, there are many machines and presses, various matrices. The methods are divided into:

Manual, forming a mass of thrombosis in a single form.
Partially mechanized, in which manual presses with levers are used.
Automated, in which vibration shrinkage occurs, or hydraulic pressing.

Of course, it is clear from this that the most the right way for the production of large batches of cinder block - automated. You can also use and manual machine, but with the help of it it will be possible to make literally a hundred or two blocks.

After the cinder block has formed and seized, it is removed from the molds. At this stage, there is a lot of marriage, so it would not hurt to make this action mechanized as well. To do this, it is easiest and most reliable to use a lifting block of molds and shutters.

Mechanical devices can also be used to dry and store products.

Buy equipment or make a do-it-yourself cinder block machine?

It is quite normal and natural when we want to save money. But there is such equipment that it is impossible to do it yourself, or vice versa.

For example, good device for mixing concrete is very expensive. It must be reliable and powerful. When buying such equipment, you need to pay attention to the gear mechanism, as well as how reliable electrical switching is. In addition, a lot depends on the capacity of the bunker, the larger it is, the easier it is to maintain the correct proportion.

As for the rammer press manually, then it is worth doing it yourself. The form is knocked down from ordinary boards, which are connected by symmetrical grooves. To emboss voids, it is necessary to fill bars and pads on the lid. The form should be larger in height than the cinder block itself. In addition, such molds can be produced in very large quantities, because they are great for primary drying. But you can not use such a press for a long time.

A manual lever press should be ordered at the store, since there is a very large variety of such equipment.

If you still do the press with your own hands, you should pay attention to the double laying hen. And if you have locksmith or welding work, to make such a machine with your own hands - it will not be difficult. At the same time, it is important to provide the pipes with a conical shape, which forms voids, as well as vertical passages of block shapes. In addition, with the help of such a machine, pressing can be replaced with a vibration motor, which is rigidly attached to the mold.

To produce vibration shrinkage, you need to make a table with your own hands. The main thing that is needed for this is a pipe with a thickness of 10-12 cm, 4 springs of the wheel struts, sheet steel of three to four mm and quite a bit of an angle.

Do-it-yourself production and laying of cinder block

First of all, mix loose products, then gradually add water and knead so that the mixture becomes a plastic consistency, and if you squeeze it, so that it does not crumble. Water, of course, is best added with a spray bottle, keeping the mixture semi-dry.

When the mixture is ready, you can pour it on a cement floor or a metal substrate. The main thing is to have a machine nearby. Pick up the mixture with a shovel and fill out the forms, but most importantly, very carefully. From time to time, with the help of vibration shrinkage, the concrete should be compacted, and large air bubbles should be squeezed out. After the form is filled to the brim, tamp it down carefully.

When molding is complete, wait ten seconds and remove the mold, leaving it on the mold to dry further. If there are shutters in the molds, it is better to lift the blocks in advance, and place the products immediately on pallets.

Complete drying of the cinder block can take up to several days, and maybe several hours. It depends on what composition you have chosen and how equipped the technical site is. When the material is ready, it must be moved to a place for storage (warehousing).