When the yucca garden blooms for what year. Yuca flower: home care

exotic plants throughout the time attracted gardeners. One of the brightest representatives of the class of evergreens is yucca. This plant, which belongs to the agave family, is native to the humid subtropics of North America. This requires the owner to create similar conditions: the climate must be dry and hot. However, not everyone has the necessary knowledge about the rules for caring for this plant at home, reproduction features, etc.

Appearance

This plant may have single or branched trunk. Also, yucca differs from other plants in that the leaves cover not only the branches, but also the trunk. They are slightly elongated and form a pointed shape at the end. Throughout its life, yucca blooms very rarely. Its flowers are quite large and have a white tint. For many, they are associated with bells because of their original shape. Many gardeners choose this plant not to enjoy their flowering, but to enjoy the unusual appearance. After all, yucca strongly resembles a miniature palm tree.

If you are going to grow yucca in pots, it is recommended to install them on a window located on the south side. In this case, it is undesirable that direct sunlight falls on the flower. In the absence of a bright place, yucca can be placed in partial shade where she will also feel good. However, do not count on the formation of a lush green crown.

With the onset of summer, it is recommended to take the flower to the balcony or it can be transported to the country house, where it should find a place on the street. Here the yucca will receive the maximum amount of light. Plant care is simple, but first it does not hurt to get acquainted with the features of planting this plant.

I would like to repeat once again that yucca is a photophilous plant. Therefore, in the room where it is grown, it is necessary to maintain a fairly high temperature. This flower reacts with active growth if the temperature in summer is within + 20+25 degrees Celsius. With the onset of winter, the plant is recommended to be moved to a dark place where the temperature should be maintained within + 10-12 degrees. It is important to take care that at this time of the year there are no sudden changes in temperature, even though the plant will be at rest at this time. If the air temperature in the room drops below critical levels, the plant will not be ready for this and will die.

Watering and spraying

Watering is one of the important activities that determines how strong and healthy the plants will turn out. Yucca is not very demanding on moisture, so frequent watering can harm it. Be sure to take care that on the surface of the soil the water didn't stay stagnant for a long time. She also does not feel better if she remains without moisture. long time. In winter, it is watered much less often. Usually, watering once a week is sufficient to meet water needs.

Useful in the summer is spraying plants, which must be carried out very carefully. When moistening the leaves, care must be taken to ensure that they are protected from sunlight. Otherwise, it will cause burns. It is also important to avoid getting water into the rosettes of leaves and between the trunks of adjacent plants during the operation. In winter, the leaves are sprayed more often than in summer, since at this time the level of humidity in the room decreases. This measure is effective if the procedure is carried out in winter at least once a day.

When growing any plants at home, caring for them involves fertilizing. And yucca is no exception. It is best to schedule fertilization for the warm season when the plants enter the stage of active growth. Fertilizers will not do any good if they are applied to the soil too often. Usually it is enough to carry out this operation every two to three weeks. You can improve the quality of the soil by introducing manure, humus or peat into it. The best effect can be achieved if, in the process of caring for plants, use special fertilizers for agave.

planting

There are several ways in which you can propagate yucca at home.

1. Pieces of the trunk 15 cm long;
2. Cut and rooted tops;
3. child sockets.

As a substrate where the planting material will take root, you can use sand or mixture based on sand and peat. When the material is ready, the plant must be planted in a pot, after filling it with a soil substrate, which must necessarily contain pieces of charcoal. Also, drainage must be provided in the container, which can be used as pieces of rubble or broken shards. The latter are best suited because of their lower weight. Also, many gardeners grow yucca from seeds.

Reproduction of yucca by top cuttings

When the gardener has the first adult yucca bush, it can be used for propagation at home. It must be borne in mind that it must be a flower with a height of at least 30 cm. One of the possible methods of propagation of the yucca palm is using a cutting taken from the top.

• for harvesting, the branch must be cut with a sharp knife or blade. Don't over-prepar a large number of planting material - the plant will feel worse if it has few green leaves left;
• after harvesting the cuttings, the cut points must be lubricated with crushed coal. After waiting a little, you can later see how new branches will begin to grow from the healed wound. As a result, such a manipulation allows you to get a spectacular branched yucca;
• after harvesting the cuttings, it is necessary to give them time to dry. This usually takes about two hours. Then they need to be placed in wet sand. Until the time comes for transplanting the plants to a permanent place, they must be kept moist. To do this, the top can be placed in a glass of water, after adding activated charcoal to it. Even before rooting, individual leaves may die. This point needs to be tracked and removed. When the root system develops well enough, you can transplant the plant into a pot.

Reproduction by a piece of the trunk

The operational method of breeding yuca is use of stem pieces. This method is more suitable for those gardeners who have repeatedly propagated this flower. First you need to very carefully cut off part of the trunk and place it in wet sand. This must be done in such a way that the planting material is located horizontally. By keeping the sand moist, you will soon be able to notice how roots and buds begin to form on the handle. As a result, this method will allow you to get several new yucca seedlings.

Reproduction at home by offspring

The offspring that this flower can often produce can also act as good planting material. First you need find the right container filled with wet sand. Then it is necessary to carefully separate the offspring and place it in the soil substrate, fixing it vertically. After some time, a small tree will grow out of it, which subsequently needs to be very carefully looked after. Therefore, you will have to prepare a pot filled with oily garden soil for transplanting.

Plant pruning

The benefit of pruning is that it allows you to form a lush and branched crown of the plant. To do this, you will have to remove part of the top of the bush - by about 10 cm. The cut point must be treated with crushed coal or garden pitch. Such an operation can only be carried out in relation to those palm trees that have been able to take root well and have reached a height of 60 cm.

In order for a flower to grow well after transplantation, it needs not only proper care, but also a high-quality soil mixture. To do this, you need garden soil, to which you need to add sand in the amount of 1/3 of the volume of the prepared mixture. To the bottom of the pot lay broken shards, and a piece of permeable geotextile is placed on top. After that, the container is filled with earth, but only up to half the volume. Having completed the basic preparations, they proceed directly to transplanting palm trees.

Plant diseases

Yuka is no different from other garden crops, so she needs to provide appropriate care. Deterioration in the condition of the palm can be observed as a result of damage fungal or bacterial infections. This can be determined by the appearance of dark spots on the leaves. Subsequently, in the absence of measures, this can lead to softening of the tissues and their decay. In some cases, this process may also affect part of the trunk.

In this state, care will involve removing the affected areas with a sharp knife. The same must be done for damaged leaves. Unaffected parts of the yucca bush should be treated with a systemic fungicide. During this period, it is necessary to reduce the frequency of watering. The same diseases can also affect plants grown indoors. In this case, you need to take care of them in a similar way.

Yucca is resistant to many insect pests. However, it poses a great danger spider mite which she can contract in hot weather. To combat it, it is recommended to use a weak solution of tobacco tincture, which needs to be sprayed on the trunk and leaves.

Conclusion

Although yucca rarely pleases with its flowering, however, many gardeners are interested in its unusual decorative look. Therefore, many who had the opportunity to enjoy the view of this plant often set out to plant it on their site. This is quite simple to do if you follow the agricultural practices of growing yucca.

Home care is just as important. Particular attention must be paid soil mixture preparation, since before the moment of transplanting the yucca to a new place, optimal conditions for its growth should be created. Also, success in this business largely depends on the right planting material. It is best to use cuttings, which in most cases take root well and grow into a strong, healthy plant.

For more than 100 years Yucca garden has been decorating gardens and parks. During flowering, this plant attracts the eyes of passers-by, striking with its magnificence. Yucca filamentous - everyone is familiar with this plant in absentia, because yucca fiber is still added to cotton fabric for the production of jeans. Thanks to this, jeans can be worn forever - they have high strength. This article is all about growing and propagating crops, caring for garden yucca, an assortment of species and varieties.

Amazing white bells rise on a meter-long peduncle.

Yuccas are evergreen plants with a tree-like stem, united in a separate genus Yucca, which in turn is included in the Agave family.

In nature, yucca can be found in the south of North America, in Mexico and Central America. About 20 species of plants are known, some of which endure wintering in open ground when planted in a subtropical climatic zone. In Russia, garden yucca is widely used for landscaping areas in the resort areas of the Black Sea coast, they perfectly adapt to urban conditions, serve as an ideal decoration for rocky hills, and are grown as specimen plants.

Most often, garden yucca is grown in city parks, which forms a dense rosette of hard leaves growing spirally on a shortened stem. The characteristic color of the leaves is green with a bluish coating over the entire area of ​​​​the leaf plate.

During flowering, a nondescript bush acquires extraordinary attractiveness - high peduncles (more than 100 cm) rise from the center of the rosette, which are densely studded with milky white large bells. The flowers are quite large, their length is 7 cm, width - 5 cm. During flowering, garden yucca is unusually attractive to insects - bees and bumblebees visit graceful bells.

Species and varieties

Yucca filamentosa has white curled hairs along the edge of the leaves.

All species can be conditionally divided into plants for indoor cultivation and open ground. The superiority among open ground cultivars, undoubtedly, belongs to the species - garden yucca.

Yu filamentous (Yucca filamentosa) is another popular plant that has practically no stem. Yu filamentous has sharp dense leaves with a bluish coating, along the edge of which there are thin strong white threads. Large yellow-cream flowers, collected in a paniculate inflorescence.

Yu glorious (Yucca gloriosa) - a plant common in the USA, this variety has bluish leaves with serrated edges of the leaf blade and a sharp spike at the top of the leaf. The stem is very strong, tree-like. Yucca glorious blooms with decorative inflorescences, consisting of many bell-shaped flowers of a purple hue.

Yucca treculeana - This variety of yucca is usually grown indoors. The tree-like stem is covered with rosettes of dense leaves, painted in green-blue tones. The leaves are rigid, in adulthood the leaves can reach more than 1 m. Yucca treculeana blooms with rare cream-colored bell-shaped flowers.

In nature, there are several more popular species: yucca aloe-leaf, radiant, gray-gray, beak-shaped, Schotta, short-leaved, lapel-leaved, ivory, southern, Whipple. All varieties are characterized by powerful strong trunks (in some species they are reduced), hard leaves and paniculate inflorescences of bell-shaped flowers.

Growing in the garden

Planting a plant requires a lot of free space.

Two types can be planted in open ground - garden and filamentous yucca. It is not recommended to transplant yucca into open ground immediately after purchase, it is best to gradually adapt the plant to local conditions, taking it out to the garden for hardening within 1-2 weeks.

Landing

For growing yucca in the garden, an open sunny place is selected, it is very important that the soil is dry, and ground water do not wash away the roots of the planted plant.

It is important to ensure that young yuccas do not shade tall trees or bushes, because in the shade the plants stretch out, their leaves turn pale and thinner, and the rosettes become sloppy. Planting a yucca correctly, fulfilling all the requirements of agricultural technology, is the key to the successful development of a plant in the garden.

Planting pits for young garden yuccas are provided with side sizes along the top - 50x50 cm. Adult yuccas are planted in planting pits with dimensions from 70 cm to 1 m on top. It is imperative to lay a drainage layer on the bottom of the holes, which consists of gravel or crushed stone. The pit is filled with a soil mixture of sand and black soil with the addition of lime, stony debris, and ash.

After planting, the plants must be thoroughly watered. When transplanted, adult heavy yuccas can take root in a new place for a long time; plants should be looked after especially carefully.

You can not plant yucca in open ground if there is a threat of morning frosts - plant transplantation is carried out only in the warm season.

How to plant a yucca on an alpine hill? To begin with, it is worth noting that the size of a plant planted in a rocky garden should not be too large. It is important to observe the harmonious ratio of all plants in rockeries.

Care

Planting plants in the garden.

Care garden yucca consists in regular watering, while it is very important not to overwater the plant, which can become ill when the roots receive excessive moisture. Watering is repeated only if upper layer the soil is thoroughly dry.

If weeds have appeared around the yucca, it is worth weeding them in a timely manner, without bringing the seeds to ripening.

On especially hot summer days, you can spray the plants on the leaves.

How to properly care for garden yucca in winter time? This question is of great concern to beginners and experienced flower growers. A street flower must be covered for the winter, even if the planted specimen has been growing in one place for many years. There are several ways to make a winter shelter for yucca:

1. In late autumn, cover the yucca bush with a wooden box, on top of which insulating materials are laid (an old roofing material will fit, nonwoven fabric). A layer of soil is poured over the roofing material, which will protect the plant from exposure to low temperatures.
2. The second way to shelter a yucca from frost is to bend down lower leaves plants to the ground. The upper leaves are collected in a bundle, tightly tying them with twine. The prepared bush is covered with dry fallen leaves, on top of which boards are laid. Then the plant is covered with a film on top.

reproduction

Reproduction by dividing the bush.

Reproduction is performed in several ways:

• Planting with seeds - it is best to plant fresh seeds using individual containers. The seeds are quite large, reaching up to 1 m in diameter. The soil for seed germination is made up of leafy, soddy soil and coarse sand taken in equal parts. Seedlings appear within a month, the first time young specimens begin to bloom in the third year.
• Cuttings by apical shoots - for propagation in this way, it is necessary to cut off the apical shoots. For some time it is worth drying the sections, after which the cuttings are planted in perlite or vermiculite. Rooting is carried out in a moist substrate.
• Cuttings by parts of the stem - the mature stem is cut off just above the root collar. The cutting is placed horizontally in a container with perlite or coarse sand, lightly sprinkling the trunk with a substrate. Rooting is performed at room conditions or in a greenhouse. After the appearance of new shoots, the trunk is divided into parts, each of which must have a sprout and roots.
• Dividing a bush - propagating plants by dividing a bush is the most common way to obtain new specimens. Lateral shoots are carefully separated from the mother bush in the spring, be sure to keep part of the root system on each outlet. Delenki are planted in the garden, at first they shade the plants from the sun.

Self-grown young yucca plants take root better in the garden.

Sometimes yucca planted in open ground refuses to bloom. The plant develops well, gives annual growth, but does not bloom. Why won't yucca bloom? What agrotechnical measures should be taken to stimulate flowering?

To make an adult yucca bloom, do not cut off the lower leaves, even if they have lost their decorative effect.

Some plants are effective individual characteristics bloom in more late dates than other specimens planted in the garden. To stimulate the formation of buds in yucca, the incorporation of double superphosphate into the soil in the fall will help. The long-acting fertilizer dissolves slowly, the roots of the plant absorb the nutrient composition. By spring, plants accumulate enough nutrients that stimulate the appearance of flower buds.

Pests and diseases

A diseased specimen of a plant.

In dry, hot weather, yucca leaves can be seen spider mite, which can be eliminated with the use of special insecticides. In the southern regions, a scale insect can settle on the leaves, the fight against this pest can take a fairly long period, when processing it is necessary to shed the soil under the bushes with preparations from the pest. On the leaves, the scab is first removed by hand, trying to break the hard cover, and then treated with insecticides.

For the plant, the most dangerous pathogenic infections are leaf necrosis and cercosporiosis, as well as gray rot. Bacterial rot and fungal infections threaten weakened specimens that are not properly cared for. You can get rid of diseases with the help of fungicides.

In the southern regions, yucca, a native of Central America, can grow in the open field, but in middle lane it lacks warmth, so you can meet it only in interior design. Yucca care at home should be based on the habits and preferences of the plant, laid down back in the homeland.

In nature, yucca is a fully or partially leafy, large shrub. If the plant's foliage from the lower tiers dries up and falls off, the yucca is very similar to a palm tree with a bare lignified trunk and a bunch of stiff leaves at the top. However, it is wrong to consider this culture belonging to the agave family as a palm.

Yucca has dense, sticking out in different directions or slightly drooping leaves, pointed lanceolate in shape. The edges of the leaf blades are covered with long stiff hairs. In nature, the length of such a leaf can reach up to a meter, in indoor varieties the leaves are more modest and often do not grow more than 50 cm. But in indoor yucca, as in the photo, the leaves can be not only green, but variegated, decorated with bright yellow or white stripes.

With such a harsh appearance, characteristic of plants of deserts and semi-deserts, yucca blooms amazingly beautifully, throwing out powerful vertical peduncles strewn with a mass of buds. The flowers resemble white, yellowish or pinkish bells.

Getting into the house as a fairly small plant, the yucca in a few years turns into a large bush or tree that requires special treatment and care.

How to care for yucca in order to keep its compact shape, small, room-friendly size? What needs to be done to make the plant feel like at home?

Features of caring for yucca at home

As a houseplant, varieties are most often grown that are accustomed to a dry climate and an abundance of sun in nature. Such specimens endure temperature fluctuations, are not afraid of dry apartment air, and are unpretentious in terms of soil composition.

And yet, such a hardy plant has weaknesses. For yucca, the main danger is excessive, especially in combination with cold indoor air.

For those who doubt whether it is necessary to water the yucca, it is better for the grower to postpone the procedure for a day or two. The plant will endure short-term thirst without any problems, but will immediately let you know about excess moisture.

The frequency of irrigation and the amount of irrigation moisture depends on:

• from the season;
• from the temperature and humidity of the air in the room or in the garden, where the plant is taken out for the summer months;
• from the size of a room yucca flower, as in the photo;
• on the volume of the pot and on the ability of the soil to evaporate water.

From spring to autumn, the soil is moistened frequently and abundantly as the substrate dries to a depth of 2–5 cm. Then watering becomes less frequent and sparing. The colder the room less water the plant consumes. Therefore, care for yucca at home is constantly being adjusted. Irrigation moisture should not penetrate inside the leaf outlet. It is better not to pour water between closely growing trunks in the same pot. In both cases, there is a risk of decay, which threatens to lose the flower.

Watering is combined with, which is carried out from spring to autumn. It is especially important to support the plant during the flowering period.

For yucca, dry air is not terrible, but to keep the leaves clean and improve their breathing in hot weather, the crown can be wiped with a damp, well-wrung napkin. To avoid burns, after such a procedure, yucca should not be taken out in the sun. It is more correct to arrange a “washing” of the flower in the evening, because the crown will dry out well overnight.

Yucca loves light, warmth, but can not stand the cold wind and draft. To facilitate flower care at home, yucca find a place on the south window.

Large specimens are placed near the window. Plants also like this penumbra. The main thing is that direct sunlight falls on the crown for at least three hours a day, and the plant does not suffer from excessive dampness. In summer, the pot is taken out to the balcony or veranda. If the year is warm, and the owner of the flower is not afraid of its growth, then the yucca can be planted in the ground.

For submitted to Fresh air room yucca, as in the photo, a temperature of the order of 18–25 ° C will be acceptable. But with a decrease in night temperatures to 12–16 ° C, it is better to return the pot to the house. The minimum allowable temperature for this crop is +8 °C.

How to transplant yucca at home?

Transplanting for yucca, as well as for other indoor crops, is a serious stress. Therefore, it is worth carrying out such a procedure in two cases:

• when the root system has grown so much that it occupied the entire pot, leaving no space under the ground;
• when a plant needs urgent help due to root rot or other mistakes made when caring for yucca at home.

In the first case, small plants are transferred to a pot of a slightly larger diameter, in which drainage is previously poured. Empty places are filled with fresh substrate, simultaneously updating the top layer of the old soil.

But how to plant a room yucca, in the photo, and care for it, if the plant already takes up a lot of space, and the owner does not want to allow further growth?

To limit growth, the pot is not changed. And before transplanting the yucca at home, the root system of the plant is cut off by about a quarter with a clean, sharp knife. Places of cuts are treated with ground charcoal. New drainage and soil are poured into the pot. And then the plant is planted. Be sure to pour a fresh substrate on top. The annual addition of new soil is also limited in a situation where the plant is already too large for transplanting.

After transplanting, the yucca is not watered at all for two days, and then the soil begins to be moistened very carefully and moderately, waiting for the surface to dry.

Yucca grows well in ready-made purchased substrate, but you can make the soil yourself by mixing sand and leafy soil in equal proportions. To provide nutrition, half the amount of humus is added to them.

Reproduction of yucca at home

As it grows, the trunk of the yucca becomes bare, and it becomes like a potted palm tree. The higher the tree becomes, the faster it loses its decorative effect. Keeping and caring for him is more and more problematic. How to return the plant to an acceptable size and former attractiveness?

It turns out that if you cut off the top of a yucca with a bunch of leaves and trunk fragments of at least 10 cm, then you can rejuvenate the old plant and get a new one. At the same time, caring for the yucca "palm", in the photo, at home is not at all difficult.

The operation is carried out in the spring, when the growth period begins. Water the plant well beforehand. And after a couple of days, the top of the yucca is cut off with a sharp knife. The remaining stump can be trimmed, leaving the desired height. When the weeping cut dries a little, it is treated with garden pitch.

The pot is transferred from the shade, where the plant will spend about two months. In this case, the yucca does not need to be watered. Without a crown, the plant cannot consume water, which only becomes a source of disease and rot.

In the warmth on the stalk of the yucca, the kidneys that had slept before will soon become noticeable. When new rosettes of leaves develop from them, the plant is transferred to the light and begin routine care for yucca at home.

The top is not thrown away, as it is an excellent planting material for the rapid propagation of yucca at home. The lower leaves from the top are carefully cut off, and then the stalk is added dropwise to wet sand, covered with a bag or film and put in heat. Rooting takes no more than a month, and then the top with its own roots is transferred to a pot where the yucca will grow further.

Yucca transplant after purchase - video

Yucca (Yucca)- a genus of attractive evergreens of the family Agave (Agavaceae) native to North and Central America.

The genus Yucca has about 40 species.

Yuccas are tree-like plants, with a stem or rosettes (depending on the species). Rigid xiphoid leaves of various yuccas reach a length of 25-100 cm, a width of 1-8 cm, they are collected in a bunch at the top of the shoot or form a basal rosette. Depending on the species, yucca leaves are green or gray, semi-rigid or rigid, erect or drooping, with serrated or smooth edges. The edges of the leaves are often covered with threads, sometimes they have a sharp spike at the end. From the leaves of some species of yucca, fiber is extracted, which is used to make ropes and other wicker products.

Yucca has numerous flowers (about 300 pieces) up to 7 cm in length, bell-shaped or cup-shaped, white in color or with creamy greenish, yellowish tones. The flowers are collected in a large panicle 0.5-2.5 m long, erect or descending. In room conditions, yucca blooms extremely rarely. Yucca fruit is a dry box or juicy fruit (in some species it is edible).

Yuccas are wonderful plants that are used in many ways in their homeland. Cut flower juice contains a lot of sugar. And the fibers that are extracted from filamentous yucca have good strength. The very first jeans were made from tough yucca fibre, not cotton. In the US, denim is still made with about 5% yucca fiber to add durability. Ropes and paper are made from yucca, it contains substances with valuable medicinal properties.

Indoor adult yucca resembles false palm and can reach a height of 4m, so it is more suitable for decorating a hall or big room. Flowering can be achieved only after many years, when the plant becomes an adult. Yucca will bloom with white bell-shaped flowers. Green, bluish xiphoid, linear leaves are collected in a bunch at the top of the trunk. On the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus, many types of yucca grow in open ground. Recently, yuccas and similar plants have become very fashionable and are widely used in interiors. In this regard, many flower farms abroad began to propagate these plants, receiving leafless trunks from America and Holland and rooting them in a loose substrate. Particularly valued specimens with branched trunks, forming several points of growth. Plants are undemanding to temperature, work better in cool rooms, young specimens need a lot of sunlight.

Yucca is used as a tapeworm in modern interior high-tech style or minimalism. She looks good in classic interior. Several plants that differ in height, planted in a large container, will decorate the office.

Yucca species

. It lives in arid regions in the south of North America, in Central America, in Jamaica and Bermuda. It grows slowly and eventually takes the form of a spherical bush or a small tree up to 8 m high. The tree-like stem, with traces of fallen leaves, is strongly branched in adult plants, at the ends of the branches there are dense rosettes of hard fibrous leaves. The leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate, dark green, leathery, up to 50 cm long, serrated along the edges and ends with one prickly spine. In summer, in adult plants, a paniculate inflorescence 45 cm high grows from a rosette with many bell-shaped flowers 3 cm long, the petals are creamy white with a purple tint.

. It grows in the Northwestern regions of Mexico, Arizona, California. A bushy, slow-growing species with a shortened stem, hard fibrous leaves are collected in rosettes with a diameter of more than 1 m. In summer, in adult plants, a paniculate inflorescence up to 2 m high grows from a rosette with many bell-shaped flowers up to 3.5 cm long with a delicate aroma, creamy white petals that have a purple hue. The rosette of leaves is monocarpic: it blooms and bears fruit only once, and then dies off, but many shoots are formed at the base of the plant.

Yucca shortleaf (Yucca brevifolia) . Sometimes seen as Yucca tree (Yucca arborescens) , also referred to as Yucca giant . Grows in dry open places in southeastern California and Arizona (USA). Trees 4-9 m tall, trunk up to 50 cm in diameter, strongly branched at the top. The leaves are densely spaced, triangular, short, 15-30 cm long and 0.6-1.5 cm wide in the middle, almost triangularly widened towards the base, grooved, brownish at the apex and spiny, with elliptical pale green edges. Peduncle short; the panicle is thick. The flowers are pale yellow.

. A tree up to 3 m high with a thick trunk and branched crown. Numerous leathery leaves are thin and long, narrow (about 1 cm wide), flat or biconvex. The leaf has a sharp spiny apex, striped, with yellow serrated edges. A long peduncle bears a branched panicle inflorescence with white flowers.

Yucca radiant (Yucca radiosa) . Synonym: Yucca high (Yucca elata) . A tree reaching a height of 5-7 m in nature. The leaves are numerous, densely spaced, linear, 45-60 cm long and up to 1 cm wide (in the middle). The leaf tapers towards the base, slightly grooved, with a sharp apex. The edges of the sheet are white, narrow, covered with a large number of thin threads. The inflorescence up to 2 m high bears a long branched panicle with flowers.

. Native to eastern North America. Nearly stemless plant. Grows thanks to root offspring. The root system penetrates deep into the soil. One of the most frost-resistant yucca, endures short-term frosts down to -20 ° C, sometimes more. The leaves are bluish-green, up to 70 cm long, with a width of 4 cm, with a pointed apex, the edges are pubescent with numerous white, thin, curling threads. Germinating seeds can only be obtained through artificial pollination. Flower panicle up to 200 cm tall. Flowers yellowish-white, drooping, up to 8 cm long. The fruit is a round capsule up to 5 cm in diameter.

Has a variegated shape "variegata" with yellow or white variegated leaves.

Yucca recurvifolia (Yucca recurvifolia) . Synonym: Yucca gloriosa var. recurvifolia . Evergreen with a short trunk up to 1-1.5 m, the trunk is single or branched, hard fibrous leaves are collected in a rosette at the top of the trunk. The leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate, leathery, grayish-green, up to 90 cm long, drooping, with serrated edges and a spiny spike at the end.

. Grows in Central America. The specific epithet comes from two Latin roots: "elephas"- elephant and "pes"- leg. Indeed, this yucca in old age resembles a huge 4-8-meter leg of an elephant. It grows slowly and eventually takes the form of an upright bush or a small tree 8-10 m high. A tree-like, highly branched stem, at the ends of the branches bears numerous rosettes of hard and fibrous leaves. The leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate, light green, leathery, 50-100 cm long, serrated along the edges and with a short sharp spike at the end. In summer, a paniculate inflorescence up to 1 m high with many hemispherical flowers 5 cm long grows from a rosette in adult plants. culture common variety "Variegata", with leaves that have a yellowish-white border.

. It grows in the western regions of the USA. An evergreen plant up to 2 m high with a strongly shortened stem. Leathery and fibrous leaves are collected in dense rosettes up to 90 cm wide. The leaf blade is elongated-lanceolate, bluish-green, up to 60 cm long, the edges are white or gray with peeling fibers. In summer, in adult plants, a paniculate inflorescence up to 1 m high grows from a rosette with many bell-shaped flowers with creamy white petals that have a brownish or greenish tint.

Glorious yucca (Yucca gloriosa) , popularly called "Spanish Dagger". Grows in the Southeastern United States. It grows slowly, in its natural environment it takes the form of a spherical bush or tree 2 m high. Tree-like stem, single or slightly branched, with rosettes of hard and curved leaves. The leaf blade is elongated-lanceolate, leathery, bluish-green, up to 60 cm long, with smooth or slightly serrated edges and with a long sharp spike at the end. In summer, in adult plants, a paniculate inflorescence up to 2.5 m high grows from a rosette with many hanging bell-shaped flowers 5 cm long, with cream petals that have a purple hue.

grows in Mexico and the southern regions of the USA. slow growing evergreen species with a tree-like, slightly branched stem, up to 5 m high. Bluish-green leaves, straight or slightly curved, collected in dense rosettes. The leaf blade is oblong-lanceolate, leathery, more than 1 m long and about 7 cm wide, pointed at the end. In summer, in adult plants, a paniculate inflorescence up to 1 m high grows from a rosette with many hanging bell-shaped flowers with creamy white petals, sometimes with a purple hue.

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Yucca Schotta (Yucca schottii) . Synonym: Large-fruited yucca (Yucca macrocarpa) . Grows in sandy gravel soils of southern Arizona. It has a straight or slightly branched trunk 3-4 m high. Straight hard leaves are smooth, 20-50 cm long and 2-4 cm wide, bluish. The leaf tapers slightly at the base, covered with thin threads along the edges. Branches and peduncle recurved; inflorescence - loose panicle.

Southern yucca (Yucca australis) . Synonym: Yucca filifera (Yucca filifera) . Grows in Mexico. This is a powerful, strongly branched tree in the upper part, in nature 8-10 m high, with leathery short leaves 25-30 cm long and 2-3 cm wide. The leaves are dark green, with filaments along the edges, densely arranged. Long (1-2 m), branched, hanging multi-flowered inflorescence with cream flowers.

Yucca care

Lighting. Yucca grows well in a bright and warm room. This plant is very photophilous - especially at a young age, yucca requires a lot of sunlight, but it is better to shade it from direct sunlight. Optimal for her windows with east or west orientation. On windows with a south orientation at noon, it is better to shade from direct sunlight.

With a lack of light, it can be grown under artificial lighting for 16 hours a day, using fluorescent lamps placed at a distance of 30-60 cm above the plant.

IN summer time Yucca can be taken out into the open air, while protecting it from precipitation and providing it with diffused lighting. It should also be remembered that when placing on outdoors, the place should not be damp and dark. If it is not possible to place yucca outdoors, then it is necessary to ventilate the room regularly in the summer.

In winter, it also needs good lighting.

Temperature. The temperature in the spring-summer period yucca prefers moderate, 20-25°C. In case of extreme heat, a plant standing in the sun should be shaded, if the plant has been standing in the sun for a long time, it can overheat, so it is removed in the shade, after it cools down it is sprayed. IN autumn-winter period it is necessary to ensure the temperature is within 8-12°C. If the temperature is too high in winter, combined with a lack of lighting, the yucca grows: the bases of its shoots are strongly elongated, the leaves become thinner, brighten and hang, losing their natural density and juicy color. Pests appear on a weakened yucca (,); her leaves turn yellow and fall off. Plants that will not be placed in a cool (10-12 ° C) place in winter should be kept outdoors as long as possible, and in next year Get them outside to a protected area as soon as possible. In a sheltered place, the plant can withstand even short frosts.

Watering. The frequency of watering yucca depends on many factors: the size and material of the pot, the size of the plant, the characteristics of the substrate, temperature and humidity. In the warm season, yucca is watered abundantly - but only after the top layer of soil has dried to a depth of about 5 cm. In hot summer, yucca is watered more often; but do not forget that between watering the earth in a pot should dry out.

During the rest of the year, watering the yucca should be moderate (watering is reduced in winter), otherwise its roots will rot due to stagnant water in the substrate, and the plant may die.

Air humidity. Yucca species that are sensitive to dry air should be regularly sprayed with boiled water at room temperature from a fine spray bottle. To increase the humidity of the air, you can place a pot with a plant on a pallet with wet expanded clay, moss, gravel. When spraying yucca in the sun, sunburn spots can occur on its leaves. For better decorativeness, the plant must be washed from time to time in the shower or under running water, making sure that water does not fall on the substrate (for example, close the pot with polyethylene).

Fertilizer. You need to feed yucca in spring and summer, with an interval of two to three weeks, with a diluted solution of mineral fertilizers. This plant responds well to fertilizing with infusion of mullein, horse manure, leaf humus. The best results are given by foliar top dressing (leaves are sprayed with a solution of mineral fertilizer from the underside). You can not feed the plant immediately after transplantation, and also if the yucca is sick.

Growing features. Yucca often grows with one trunk, but it can also be branched. In order to grow several tops in a yucca, choose a young, well-rooted plant with a height of at least 30 cm (the higher, the better). In spring or early summer, the top of the yucca is cut off with a sharp knife or blade (stalk 5-10 cm long), but leaves should remain on the stem - the more leaves, the better. Slices are sprinkled with crushed coal.

Transfer. It is better to transplant yucca in the spring, or if necessary in the summer. This plant thrives in well-drained soil. When transplanting yucca, drainage from expanded clay, fine gravel or broken bricks must be poured into the bottom of the pot. Earth mixtures are better to choose medium. If a mixture with peat is used, then it must be neutralized to neutral values ​​(pH 6.0-6.5). It is desirable to add coarse-grained sand to the earth mixture (up to 30% by volume).

When transplanting yucca, it is desirable to preserve the earthen ball around the roots as much as possible, so it is better to transship rather than transplant a healthy plant. A transplant is required when the roots of the yucca begin to rot from excessive watering. Rotten roots are very soft and spread under the fingers, the smell of rot emanates from such roots - they must be removed when the plant is transplanted.
Yucca is successfully grown hydroponically.

Reproduction. Propagated by seeds, stem segments, apical cuttings.

Yucca seeds are sown immediately after collection in a light mixture (turf and leafy soil, sand in equal proportions). Crops are covered with glass; air them daily and wipe the glass, regularly moisten. Yucca shoots appear a month after sowing. Seedlings dive into 6 cm pots, gradually accustomed to the conditions of care of an adult plant, next year they are transferred to 8-9 cm pots.

Delivered from Holland trunk sections elephant yucca. Leafless cuttings with waxed sections evaporate relatively little moisture, which allows them to be transported over long distances. Inspect the cutting in the store: it should be elastic, not dried out or rotten, it should have upper and lower ends indicated. Reproduction by segments of the trunk becomes a necessity even with long-term maintenance of the plant, since the yucca grows excessively. To this end, in the summer, an arbitrary number of segments should be sawn off from the trunk, which should be at least 20 cm long. The lower end is stuck in a slightly moistened mixture of peat and sand and taken out to a shaded place in fresh air. The place of the cut on the mother plant should be covered with garden pitch. The cuttings with leaves are covered with a transparent film that protects against moisture evaporation. The temperature should be at least 20 ° C, and the substrate should be moderately moist (overmoistening is dangerous). Rooting yucca is a long process that takes 1-2 months.

If you received a poorly marked cutting when buying (it is not clear where it has the top and where the bottom is), then lay it horizontally and half deepen it into the substrate. Dormant buds will wake up on the trunk, which, after rooting, can be separated from the mother trunk.

For rooting the apical cutting Yucca plants cut off the top (with a sharp knife or blade), sprinkle the slices with crushed charcoal or activated charcoal tablet powder. At the resulting cutting, the cut is dried (leave it in the air for 2 hours) and then the yucca cutting is planted for rooting in wet sand or placed in a container with boiled water at room temperature. It is useful to put a piece of charcoal in the water as a means of inhibiting the growth of bacteria. During the rooting of the cuttings of yucca, the lower leaves may rot on it, then an unpleasant odor will appear. Decaying leaves must be removed, spoiled water must be changed; it is important that the trunk of the rooting cutting does not rot. After the appearance of the roots, the stalk of the yucca is planted in the substrate.

Possible difficulties

plant death often caused by either too much watering in winter or too cold temperatures. If, due to excessive moisture of the substrate, the roots of the yucca began to rot, and dark spots and softened areas appeared on the trunk - but at least a few leaves and part of the trunk remained light in color, hard and elastic to the touch, then you can try to grow new roots in the affected plant in two ways :

1. Rooting a healthy part of the yucca trunk by air layering. On the living part of the stem (not less than 10-15 cm above the decaying part, and not less than 60 cm from the top), the bark is removed with a sharp knife with a “ringlet” 0.5 cm wide. In the place where the bark is removed and slightly higher, the trunk is tied yucca with wet sphagnum moss, and on top of it - with a plastic film so that moisture does not quickly evaporate from the moss. The moss should be constantly kept moist, if necessary, wetting it from a spray bottle. After 2-3 weeks, the plant usually develops new roots above where the bark was removed. For another two weeks, the roots are grown without removing moss and films from them. When new yucca roots grow and branch out, the top of the plant with new roots is cut off below the bark. The cut is sprinkled with crushed coal, slightly dried and the plant is planted in a new pot with a fresh substrate. The soil should consist of garden or humus soil and coarse sand (at least a quarter of the total soil volume).

2. Rooting a healthy part of the yucca trunk in a mini-greenhouse. With a sharp knife, cut off the living part of the plant from the rotting part. It is desirable that the length of the resulting cutting be no more than 30 cm, and the remaining living part of the trunk can be rooted separately. The cut of the cutting is sprinkled with crushed coal, dried a little and the cutting is planted in a pot with wet coarse sand. To ensure high air humidity, the handle is covered with a large jar from above or a mini-greenhouse is arranged: 3-4 thin sticks are stuck vertically into the pot with the handle - so that they are higher than the handle itself, and cover the pot with the handle with a transparent plastic bag, tying its edges on pot. The updated plant takes root in a month and a half; It is important at the same time not to overmoisten the soil, but also not to let it dry out.

Yellowing lower leaves- if the leaves turn yellow slowly, this is natural and inevitable for old plants. Yucca tends to have green leaves only at the top of the bare stem. This appearance is explained by the fact that their leaves do not live long, after two years they turn yellow and die.

When transplanting or acquiring a plant also may shed some of the lower leaves is a natural response to changing conditions. If this is massive, then hypothermia or drafts are possible.

Brown tips or leaf margins- dry air. Most yuccas require high humidity. Other causes may be cold drafts or insufficient watering.

Brown spots on leaves- insufficient watering. The earth ball must be kept moist all the time.

Soft twisted leaves and brown edges- temperature too low. In tender species, similar signs appear if left near a window on a cold night.

Light dry spots on the leaves- too much sun.

Greyish-brown spots on the leaves (leaf spot). A fungal or bacterial disease caused by high humidity in the air and soil. It is necessary to remove the affected leaves. Spray with a systemic fungicide, reduce watering and stop spraying.

Stem rot. A disease caused by a fungus. Part of the stem or crown becomes soft and rots. Fungus, plant-damaging usually develops quickly and, as a rule, the whole plant dies. Contributes to the development of the fungus waterlogged soil and poorly ventilated area. In the initial stage of the disease, you can try to save the plant by removing all affected tissues. In case of a serious defeat, destroy the plant along with the soil and pot.

Damaged

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evergreen yucca contains up to forty species of plants. Each of them has its own differences in the shape of the leaves (smooth, serrated, with thorns, with threads, in the shape of a sword), their color (gray, green, brownish) and the shape of the buds (bell, bowl).

Unfortunately, indoor yucca rarely blooms at home, but many achieve this.

Optimal conditions for keeping yucca in the house

Yucca is a southern plant, the optimal conditions for it are good lighting, warmth and moderate humidity.

Location and lighting

If you have a heated balcony, the yucca will feel good, there it is provided with the maximum amount of light. On the windowsill in the room, the plant should not fall under direct sunlight, it is better if they are located at an angle.

In winter, the flower will require additional artificial lighting. Experiencing a lack of light, the plant develops poorly, the leaves turn pale, and the trunk can be deformed.

Temperature regime

For an indoor yucca flower during the growth period, a temperature of about +25 degrees is desirable. During the dormant period in winter, the temperature can be gradually reduced to +10 degrees. Uniform, without drops, lowering the temperature stimulates the formation of flower buds.

One of the flowering conditions –This is temperature control. Yucca, like any southern plant, easily tolerates high temperatures, but reacts poorly to sudden jumps from heat to cold and vice versa.

Comprehensive care for yucca at home

No less important criteria for care than temperature are air humidity, soil and lighting.

Watering and humidity

Yucca easily tolerates drought and does not require frequent watering. In the spring-autumn period, the plant is watered as the topsoil dries. In winter, watering yucca is reduced: no more than once every two weeks. Stagnation of water in the soil can cause root rot and provoke plant diseases.

Many varieties of yucca prefer dry air, do not need to be sprayed, you can rub the leaves to remove dust.

Yucca, which loves moisture and regular spraying, should not be placed in direct sunlight after moistening. Wet leaves can get severe burns.

Water procedures in the form of a shower are loved by all types of plants, after such irrigation, dry the leaves before putting the yucca in place.

Important! Remember that yuccas do not tolerate drafts, and after watering or water procedures, a draft is dangerous for the plant.

Feeding and fertilizing yucca

During the growth period, yucca needs top dressing. It is advisable to feed the foliar method with mineral liquid formulations, diluting twice as much water as indicated in the instructions for the drug. Spray the underside of the leaves with the preparation - the plant responds well to this.

In the spring-summer period, fertilizing is done every three weeks. In autumn and winter dormancy, the plant is not fertilized. Fertilizer for yucca at home can also be taken organic, for example, infusion cow dung with leaf humus.

pruning yucca

If your plant has gone into growth, while losing decorative look, cut off the branch, leaving two or three buds. Treat the cut site with crushed activated charcoal. After three to four weeks, the buds under the cut will wake up and let out young leaves.

Do not throw away the cut branch, it can be used as a stalk. Trimming yucca at home will rejuvenate the plant and give it a well-groomed appearance.

Did you know? The Indians of both Americas used yucca flowers for food. Soups were cooked from them, meat and vegetables were baked, drinks were prepared. Yucca fruits are similar in appearance and taste to bananas, for which they are called the "Spanish bayonet".

Transplantation and soil composition

Yucca grows, and with it, its root system also increases. For normal growth and development, the plant is transplanted. There are several nuances on how to properly plant a yucca. Transplantation is carried out in the spring, so that the plant has time to get used to the new place.

Young intensively growing plants require a transplant every year, adult specimens - once every four years. The starting point for transplantation will be the yucca root system that has grown throughout the space of the pot.

Properly transplant the plant, transferring it from the pot, to minimize root damage and yucca stress. For transplanting, a universal soil with the addition of perlite is suitable. The yucca pot should be larger than the previous one and have drainage so that water does not stagnate at the bottom of the pot.

Attention! The basic rule of transplantation: within a month after the procedure, the plant does not need to be fed, cut or cuttings. During this period, he needs peace to adapt.

Reproduction of yucca at home

There are several ways to propagate yucca.

For sowing seeds they prepare light soil for yucca - this is a mixture of sod and leafy soil with sand. Seeds are sown in a box with moistened soil, covered with glass. Crops are regularly aired and soil moisture is checked. When the seeds sprout (in a month), they are transplanted into separate pots.

When propagated by shoots the child lateral shoot is carefully separated from the adult plant. For rooting, it is placed in a container with water or in wet sand. When roots appear on the shoot, you can transplant it into a pot with prepared soil.

cuttings obtained by cutting the stem of the plant into individual shoots up to 10 cm long. The top is planted in a mixture of soddy land with sand, creating the greenhouse effect. The remaining shoots are deepened into the soil horizontally, lightly sprinkled. When new shoots appear at the cut sites, the cuttings are taken out of the ground, the shoots are separated and transplanted into pots.