What room in the apartment can be called a hall. The composition of the premises of the apartment

One of the first topics in learning English is the name of the rooms in the house on English language. Without knowing these words, it is impossible to describe the place where you live.

We bring to your attention English words with transcription, as well as with examples, naming almost all existing rooms in the house.

house, dwelling;	apartment house - apartment building; country house - house in the village; town house - city house; city ​​apartment; detached house - detached house; dilapidated / ramshackle house - dilapidated house; prefabricated house - a house made of prefabricated blocks;
attic, attic, mezzanine;	E.g. Joke: "attic", head to have rats in the attic - have cockroaches in my head
Balcony [‘b?lk?n?]	E.g. There is the balcony in our flat.
Bathroom bathroom	E.g. What color are the walls in your bathroom? There are two bathrooms in their house.
Bedroom [‘bedru?m]	E.g. How many bedrooms are there in your house? single bedroom - a room with one bed double bedroom - a room with two beds
Box room pantry, closet	E.g. Boxroom is a room where boxes and the other unnecessary things are kept.
Cellar [‘sel?] basement; cellar; basement	E.g. My grandfather keeps wine in the cellar.
Cloakroom [‘kl?ukrum] dressing room, locker room	E.g. Cloakroom is a room where coats and other belongings may be left.
Conservatory greenhouse, greenhouse, winter garden	E.g. Conservatory is a room in the house where a lot of flowers and plants.
Dining-room [‘da?n??rum]	E.g. Is there a large table in your dining room?
Downstairs ['down'st??z] bottom, bottom floor of a building, lower part of a building	E.g. The toilet is downstairs near the bathroom.
flat	E.g. I can't open the front door of my flat as I have no keys.
games room Playroom	E.g. Games room is a room in large houses where games are played.
Guestroom [‘gestrum] guest bedroom	E.g. Rich people have special guestrooms for their friends.
Hall hall(s), hall, dining room (large room for social receptions or events)	E.g. I left my bag in the hall.
Kitchen	field kitchen- field kitchen; kitchen unit - food processor E.g. There is a little kitchen in the place where I live.
Larder [‘l??d?] / pantry [‘p?ntr?] pantry (for edibles), buffet room	E.g. Larder is a room or large cupboard for storing food.
Library ['la?br(?)r?] library	E.g. Library is a room where books are kept.
Living room [‘l?v??rum] / sitting room [‘s?t??rum] / lounge living room, common room	E.g. Living-room is a room in a house for general and informal everyday use.
Study/Study room [‘st?d? rum] study	E.g. I would like to have my own study room.
Toilet [‘t??l?t] toilet, restroom	E.g. Have you got a toilet in your country house?
Upstairs [?p'st??z] up (stairs), upstairs, on the top floor	E.g. There are three bedrooms upstairs. What rooms are there upstairs?
utility room utility room, utility room	E.g. Utility room is a room where appliances such as washing machines are used.

Delightful, nevertheless, there were once words - “mezzanine”, “entre”, “enfilade”, “basement”, “mezzanine”, “clean rooms”, “state apartment”. Today, not everyone knows what it is.

Layered functional zones

Dwelling house, dwelling place, vitalische, abode, shelter, living quarters, dwelling, lived, dwelling- a place to live.

Apartments- functional areas.

Front apartments. Residential apartments. Apartments can be a floor (mezzanine, basement, mezzanine). At the barbershop special apartments for ladies. It is also used in the meaning of "half": master's apartment, children's apartment. In addition, an apartment can also denote a separate room in a house or a separate apartment.

Half- a functional area that focuses on its belonging to family members. It almost never makes up half of the house or floor, but only a part. Children's half(two or three rooms). Host half, guest / Hired (hired) half in rental houses. Male half. The female half. Brother's half. half of the parents. Half sons.

In the hut - clean and black halves.

enfilade- row, order, goose, low.

1) a number of doors, arches, openings located in the alignment;

2) a number of rooms, the doors of which are located in the alignment. Enfilade front, city, park, residential, dining room.

Apartment (hvatera, vatera)- premises rented (hired) for temporary residence. Apartments in tenement houses, originally intended for rent. Separate zones or premises in residential buildings can be rented out. Entire houses and even manor complexes can be rented out - in this case they are also called apartments.

An apartment differs from a hotel, an inn, a doss house, and tavern rooms by its greater constancy of residence.

Apartments for the military- wait for the personnel of military units in the living quarters of the civilian population.

Government apartments civil officials (director of a gymnasium or library, professor of the Academy, etc.) are kept at the expense of the treasury (maintenance costs, repairs, furniture, lighting, firewood).

Antre- entrance to the house. It can be used in the meaning of the front hallway, vestibule, cold vestibules and openings proper. The Russian word entrance was also used in the same meaning.

Entrance- a place at the entrance to the house, intended for the entrance of carriages. After the gentleman got out of the carriage, the coachman or driver took the carriage aside, to a specially designated place, so as not to interfere with the approach of others. The entrance could be in the form of a ramp - an inclined access roadway. The entrance porch itself, the door, the entrance, the closed vestibule of the tambour type could also be called the entrance.

Porch- external entrance to the house, maybe open- stairs and platform indoor- with an umbrella and closed- in the vestibule, which can serve as a cold hallway. Can be combined with a veranda. Red porch, front, front, reception, elegant- main entrance for hosts and guests. The porch is black, rear, girlish, yard, household- another porch for servants, courtyard people.

On the front porch, welcome or high-ranking guests are met, and on the porch they are escorted.

Tea parties can take place on the porch.

The porch is often a favorite place to relax.

From the front porch, a footman calls a carriage for guests to the entrance.

Pryaslo, floor, tier, housing, living, living, communication- the space between the floors of rooms, the floors of which are on the same level. Floors in a residential building.

Quantitative designations: first second Third etc.

Mezzanine floor, front floor, red tier, red housing, red communication- the most representative floor containing front (reception) rooms. In a residential building, the mezzanine from the side of the street was single-tier(front rooms), from the side of the courtyard - bunk(living rooms). The mezzanine belongs undividedly to the gentlemen.

lower floor- the first in a row, was called so in those cases when the second was the mezzanine. The lower floor could contain a front suite, however, in the general hierarchy of the premises of the house, it ranks lower than the mezzanine suite. The lower floor could be used as housing for both owners and servants, sometimes the entire lower floor was assigned to courtyard people.

From the master's on the lower floor there can be a nursery, a library, an office. There are also rooms for guests and tutors. From the working rooms there could be a kitchen with the rise of dishes to the mezzanine dining room along a separate staircase or special lifts. Shops, taverns, warehouses, craft workshops could be located in merchant houses on the lower floor.

Half tiers:- mezzanine and sub-entresol rooms, which almost never make up half the height of the mezzanine: the mezzanine floor is higher than the mezzanine, and in total they more height mezzanine.

The mezzanine can be called mezzanine.

One and a half story house- a one-story house with a mezzanine. Large mezzanines were considered a floor.

Mezzanine- 1) the upper mezzanine of the rear mezzanine rooms; 2) in rooms of sufficient height in part of the room, another floor level with a ladder was arranged - to increase the usable area. In the XVIII century. the front window opening was divided into two parts, of which the upper (fanlight) illuminated the mezzanine. In the 19th century the mezzanine floor had its own windows. Middle-aged and older children, teachers, governesses settled on the mezzanines, arranged guest rooms, as well as choirs.

Mezzanine (mezzanine, superstructure, tower, half-tier, half-dwelling, tower, room)- the upper floor is only above a part of the main facade, as a rule - above the middle one. The mezzanine is a residential floor for older and middle-aged children, tutors, governesses, for guests, relatives.

Belvedere— 1) rooftop building. It differs from the mezzanine in that it is intended not for housing, but for admiring landscape views, for this reason it is most often round in plan; 2) the name belvedere can be worn by gazebos in a garden or park; 3) some palaces in Europe were called belvederes.

Lamp- 1) is most often used in the meaning bay window, i.e. a ledge in a wall suspended or on consoles, with well-lit interiors thanks to three-sided lighting. The most common functions are: an office, an artist's workshop, a winter garden; 2) glazed belvederes, or other parts of the house with continuous glazing, could also be called a lantern; 3) a light lantern in the roof to illuminate dark interior spaces.

Dovecote- a light superstructure on the roof, or a place in the attic where pigeons are bred and kept.

Basement, nodklet, podyzbitsa, semi-basement, cellars, ground floor- floor, the floor level of which is buried below the daytime surface of the soil. If the house is buried in the ground for most of its height, it is called basement. Semi-basement submerged by a smaller part of the height. Ground floor determined facade characteristics, correlation with order elements, when the base is the pedestal of the order system.

A detached glacier can be called cellar.

In the basement can be located working rooms: kitchen, laundry room. The most common use of the basement is warehouses, in residential buildings most often food stores, in merchant houses and in guest yards - manufacturing warehouses, and often shops or tavern halls. The basement in manor manor town houses could be used as housing for courtyard people (humans). From ancient times to the 19th century basements were used for prison cells, punishment cells, home prisons. A library could be placed in a dry basement.

Underground is not a floor, most often it is a pit with a hatch in the floor, small in area and used to store food.

Attic, roof, roof, underroof- the space between the ceiling and the roof. Lofts are also often called attics. In city houses, clothes are dried in attics. In apartment buildings, the attic area is divided according to the number of residents. Often attics are used as closets for storing old, unnecessary trash. The attic space used for housing (mansard) was intended for courtyard people, or was rented out. These were the cheapest apartments for students, artists or elderly people living on rent.

Up, up, up, up- Rooms on the top floor. Usually used with respect to the front floor - mezzanine, mezzanine, upper residential floor. When using the term, they mean not a floor, but a very specific, specific room.

Down, down, down- usually a reference point to the mezzanine rooms or the lower non-ceremonial floor.

Inside- a very common term, usually focused on the interiors of the house.

Gallery- 1) is most often used in the meaning of a long open passage outside buildings (as opposed to a corridor). It can bypass the house along the perimeter, it can adjoin only part of it (for example, a portico).

Gallery single-tier, two-tier, three-tier(in one, two, three floors); 2) can be used in the meaning of a room of considerable elongation; 3) a special room for a collection of art objects; 4) covered passage from one building to another.

Veranda- gallery, glazed from the outside, latticed, landscaped. Can serve as a direct synonym for the term "gallery".

Terrace- a wide, spacious porch with a fence, like a balcony. It differs from the balcony by the obligatory communication with the earth's surface. On the terrace and veranda they relax, drink tea, after dinner - coffee and cigarettes. Children play on warm days.

Rizalits differ from extensions in that they are built or planned simultaneously with the construction of the house.

add-ons, like extensions, not planned by the project.

Premises

room- occupied rented area. It can be an apartment, any room, a barracks, a residential building, a hotel room, a hospital ward.

Room- part of the house, limited by walls, partitions, ceilings. Rooms can be: front, residential, utility. Rooms are not only in a residential building, but also in government offices, in a hospital, in a tavern, in a craft workshop.

clean rooms- residential and front rooms, black rooms - utility, work, household, production.

Front rooms for guests, luxuriously decorated rooms.

Names of rooms: library, sideboard, basket, boudoir, pantry, gallery, wardrobe, upper room, living room, girl's room, children's room, sofa room, housing, hall, dining room, huts, office, prison cell, valet, office (home), punishment cell, cell , pantry, classroom, office, corridor, kitchen, coachman's laboratory, servants' room, human, workshop, music room, hotel rooms, figurative (prayer), armory, front, cook's room, bedchamber, laundry, reception, hasty, checkpoint, hallway, salon, room, secret room, canopy, bedroom, dining room, customs, lavatory, corner (coal), tea room, closet - and other rooms.

Rooms: for guests, for rest, for girls, for tutors (governesses), for breakfasts, for the owner, for grandmother, for the servant, etc.

Possible qualitative characteristics of the rooms: dusty, gloomy, cramped, deserted, separate. Orienting terms: neighboring, (adjacent), adjacent, other, nearest, far, back, last, internal. Indicating belonging: ours, his, hers, mine, in oneself, in one's own, in one's own, to oneself, to her, to him.

The term rest is often used synonymously with the room. It carries the same semantic load.

Sidebar, sidebar- a room to the side, on the side of the functional core. The living room for guests, poor relatives, is usually uncomfortable.

Coal, corner- a room occupying the corner of the house, with two outer walls. It can carry any function: residential, hall, living room, bedroom, dining room, study, pantry, guest room. However, if the room is called a coal room and nothing else, its function is not rigidly fixed, or it is ambiguous.

checkpoint- a room through which communication with other rooms is carried out. Front doors - walk-throughs, as a rule. For residents, this is a significant inconvenience.

A synonym for a room, and a very common one, is the term room. The semantic center of gravity is shifted here towards residential, utility and work premises. In combination with the name of the front rooms, it is not customary to use.

In peasant houses, the term upper room means a clean, summer, living room half, a cold hut.

Upper room can be used to designate a mezzanine (svetelka, tower, teremok, top), attic rooms (attic).

Svetelka, svetlitsa is also used in this sense. It can also mean: 1) a room with red windows; 2) a clean, bright room, a white hut; 3) any room.

Chamber (polata)- 1) front room; 2) a room large in volume and area, for example, a cook's kitchen or a prison cell.

Camera- room, chamber, inner peace.

cell- a monk's house; cellar, pantry; lonely, remote deceased; lonely house; secluded housing; housing of a person leading a secluded lifestyle (girl's cell, cell of a writer, scientist, artist).

Number (number)- numbered rooms in the hotel.

Terms for substandard housing

Cage, cage- a cramped room, a small rest.

Kennel- a small, cramped room, a dirty, dark room.

Nora- a small dark room.

Injection- uncomfortable, uncomfortable, unfurnished housing, often rented, rented, or provided for temporary use.

closet, closet— small room, rest, closet, pantry, barn.

front rooms

anteroom, anteroom, front hall - the room preceding the hall. Acts as a receptionist. It can be included in the front suite, but it can also be located separately, however, it belongs to the number of front (reception) rooms. If the first front room in the house is the hall (in the 1st July of the 19th century this is usually the case), then the entrance hall is the front hall.

hall, hall, first reception, team, assembly- the largest front room in the house, usually the first after the hallway. As a rule, it is part of an enfilade. Adjacent to the hallway, pantry, study, internal corridor, internal staircase to the upper floor, living room, entrance hall. Main functions: reception, dining, dancing. Large houses may have separate rooms for receptions, dining and dancing, but in ordinary houses, in most of them, all three functions are combined in the hall.

If there is a piano in the house, it most often stands in the hall, which in this case also serves as a music room. Celebrations, festive and religious ceremonies are performed in the hall: congratulations, engagements, blessings on marriage, the funeral of the deceased.

Often the hall takes on the functions of the living room: communication, card games. If there is a billiards in the hall, then it carries the functions of a billiard room. In the hall, a corner or a separate area for a bureau or bookcases can be allocated, as a result of which the functional spectrum of the hall includes the functions of an office. In the hall they can also make a toilet, cut fabrics and sew. Often the hall is used for children's games, less often - as a guest room.

Reception- is used in two meanings: 1) any front room; 2) a special room for receptions. It is usually located at the beginning of the front area. Neighboring rooms: entrance hall, hall.

The reception can serve as an entrance hall, hall or living room, depending on social standing guest. In addition, the reception room of the owner is an office or library, the hostess is a boudoir, a front bedroom.

Dining room, dining room, refectory- room for eating. It is located in the front area, or apart, in the immediate vicinity of the buffet. If the house does not have a separate room, the functions of the dining room are taken over by the hall.

In the dining room they have lunch, breakfast, dinner, drink tea, drink and have a snack. In some cases, it can perform the functions of a nursery, guest room, living room, reception room. In the 19th century in summer time in good weather, the dining room could be moved to the garden, to the gazebo, to the porch, terrace or balcony. In addition to the dining room, tea rooms were very popular in the houses - this is a place for family members to communicate with each other or with guests, ladies and girls can read or embroider here, as in the living room.

The living room is a room for receiving guests. The second front room (after the hall). Usually the central room is in an enfilade, between the hall and the main bedroom. In the 1st floor. 19th century two or more living rooms were rarely made.

The living room should be smaller than the hall, although it was originally designed for the same number of guests: the hall is for dancing, the living room for a quiet pastime. In the living room, salon or friendly contacts are made. Often the living room is used as a reception room for visitors of the same social level as the owner (the lower strata - peasants, philistines, petitioners, headman, clerk, police officer, priest - are received in the hallway or hall, friends - close people - in the office or boudoir).

They can enter the living room at the report of the footman or without a report, the owner on solemn occasions himself can lead the guest from the hallway (senai) to the living room. If there is a piano in the living room, it serves as a music room. Card games take place in the living room par excellence. The living room can host lunch, breakfast or dinner. If they dine in the hall, drinks and snacks can be served in the living room before dinner. After dinner in the living room they eat dessert, tea, coffee, or just relax. Often the living room is used as a tea room. In the living room, ladies and girls while away their days: they sew, knit, read. Here, with the mother may be young children. Religious ceremonies are held in the living room. The living room is a place for a one-time overnight stay for guests - a police officer, a doctor, an occasional traveler, a landowner-neighbor, and on holidays - the invitees sleep side by side on the floor. Less often, the living room is equipped for permanent housing.

sofa- a room with a sofa or with sofas. It is most correct to call a room with stationary soft sofas that occupy a significant area of ​​​​the room. Borrowed from Turkey, so the sofas closest to the oriental type are low, close to the floor. Essentially a sofa is a living room. small size with the same functions, but more chamber character. It can be in an enfilade, but it can also be placed alone.

The sofa is used to receive guests, friends, relatives. Secret and sincere conversations are conducted in it - in the Moscow house of Khomyakov this room was called the "talking room". The guitar is a frequent guest here. In the sofa they can thread tea, relax after dinner, sometimes arrange guests for the night.

The sofa can be combined with a library or office.

Salon- a room for social receptions, closest in function to the living room, with which it can be combined. It is possible to combine the salon with the hall, and often with the hall and the living room - at the same time.

portrait, that is, a room whose walls are hung with family portraits can be a sofa, a living room, a hall, and a dining room. The name “portrait” is a decorative and artistic semantic landmark, while the main functional load of this room is from the living room or hall.

Separate music room rarely visited houses, most often it was combined with a hall, less often with a living room, even more rarely with an office. A sign of the music room is the piano standing in it.

Boudoir, master's, teremok, svetelka, gorenka- the mistress's room, her study, the reception room and the living room, when it is separated from the bedroom. Can be combined with a bedroom. Despite the chamber intimate character, functionally the boudoir belongs more to the front than to the residential area. The owner's room could also be called a boudoir.

Bosquet, bosquet- the front room, the walls of which are decorated with decorative painting under the natural greenery of the park, under the gazebo. Usually carries the functions of a living room, tea room, boudoir.

billiard room- a special room for playing billiards. Refers to the number of front rooms, most often not in an enfilade, but apart. Can be combined with pantry.

living rooms

bedroom, bedroom, bedchamber, bedchamber, bedchamber- sleeping room.

tumble, tumble, tumble- more often means a common bedroom; in the villages - for the whole family - in the superstructure or in the basement.

Dortoir, dortoir- a common bedroom in monasteries, hospitals, boarding houses.

In the master's house there may be master bedroom, master bedroom, shared bedroom, front bedroom.

Dormitory- for spouses.

Master bedroom- usually in the 1st half of the 19th century. coincides with the main bedroom - the room that closes the enfilade, which at the same time serves as a women's study, boudoir, living room, dressing room, reception room, working room of the mistress of the house.

Not far from the sleeping hostess should be placed children's for younger

children (up to 6 years old), girl's, toilet (restroom), if it is a separate room.

front bedroom- as part of the front area.

Men's bedroom- usually combined with an office, located near the hall and the servants' room. Next to the men's bedroom can be valet.

Toilet, restroom- a special room for dressing. Located next to a separate bedroom - both women's and men's. Should have the shortest and most convenient communication with the dressing room, or combined with it.

Cabinet, working, hiding place, treasury, office- a room for solitary homework.

Cabinet- the room belonging to the owner is located at the back of the house, not far from the hall and hallway, Separate mistress's office possible, mainly when the owner does not live in the house. Usually, the hostess's office is her bedroom (the last room in the enfilade). If there is one owner in the house, without a hostess, his office, combined with a bedroom, can also be located in the last room of the front suite.

An office can be a functional unit consisting of several rooms: a work room (or, in fact, an office), a library, a reception room and a lounge.

If there is only one room, it combines all these functions.

In the reception room - the office can be received: relatives, acquaintances, friends, a lady, a doctor, a clerk, a petitioner from the townspeople. The visitor can be received in the office only after the report. On especially solemn occasions, the owner himself meets the guest in the hallway or on the porch, and then escorts him to the office. The study can simultaneously be the master's bedroom, in which he rests not only during the day, but also at night.

In the office, the owner usually deals with economic and financial affairs: he makes orders, checks accounts, writes business letters. Documentary archive, securities, money are stored in the office.

After dinner, the owner rests in the office, or smokes or drinks coffee with the guests. In addition, in the office, the owner can read, play cards, perform a prayer, a rite of blessing for marriage. For an artist, an office is a studio, if the house does not have a separate room for this; a writer writes, for a chemist an office is a laboratory. The office can take on the functions of a living room, salon, portrait, dressing room, dining room, guest room or music room.

An office can be called a room for storing and exhibiting collections. The most common was the armory cabinet (armory, weapons, ordnance room). could be mineral cabinets, botanical, entomological, natural(shell), smoking, artistic, mintzkabinets(collection of coins and medals), zoological rooms.

library, bookstore, bookkeeper, scribe- book storage room

The library is not often located in a separate room. Usually it is combined with an office, less often with a living room, a sofa and a reception room, even more rarely with a dressing room, a dressing room, in a collection room.

The library is usually in the mezzanine, but can also be located on the lower floor or in the mezzanine.

Children's- kids room. The children are sleeping in the nursery. They play not only in the nursery. Actually the playground - the whole house (hall, living room, hallway, girls' room, corridor, study, parents' bedroom). For older and younger children - different nurseries. Nursery of younger children near mother's room (bedroom) and girls' room. Nursery for older children - next to the classroom, the rooms of teachers, tutors, most often removed from the parents' rooms. Diverse older children have different rooms.

Nurses and nannies can sleep in the nursery for younger children, but they can also sleep in the girl's room, and beyond the threshold, in the corridor, on the rug.

Cool- a room for home schooling for children aged 6-14. There may be one classroom, but there may be several. The room for gymnastic exercises and fencing and the dance class can be located separately from the classroom.

Figurative, prayer- a room in a residential building, specially designed for prayers. Figurative is not a house church. Icon-painting workshops are also called figurative. The presence or absence of figurative depends on the degree of piety of the owners. In the figurative pray, read books of spiritual content. On major holidays (patronal, Christmas), an invited priest sends a service (vespers, prayer service). During the service in the figurative - gentlemen, in the corridor and in the neighboring rooms - courtyards, on the street - a crowd of peasants and children.

Utility and production areas. Rooms for courtyard people

human- a room or several rooms in a manor house or in an outbuilding (human outbuilding) for courtyard people. Lyudskaya could be called a barracks. They could work in the people's room (making boots, knitting nets), but the main purpose of the people's room is rest, soybeans. The human could be combined with the table. The footman on duty could sleep in the footman's room (hallway). In the human, with rare exceptions, the entire male population of courtyard people was placed.

The dwelling place of the female servant was girlish. Here the girls slept, on the floor, on rugs laid out for the night, and often took food - (table). Due to the fact that the female population of the courtyards, to a lesser extent, served, and for the most part produced goods for sale (yarn, sewing, embroidery), the maiden's served as a workshop, a working room. The girl's room should have a connection with the bedroom, nursery, toilet, dressing room, and also have a separate exit to the black (girl's) porch. Usually the girls' room was located away from the male half of the house, but if she happened to be near the owner's office, they had to be separated by a blank wall.

For the hostess, the girl's room could serve as a reception room for people of the lower classes: the headman, the cook, the yard, poor relatives, the matchmaker, the gardener. Punishments are carried out in the girl's room, and beating a hay girl in the girl's room is not as shameful as in the stable.

In addition to common rooms, courtyard people could have their own special ones. The doorman worked while sleeping in Swiss. The valet could have his own valet. The coachmen were placed in coachman. The carpenter or icon painter lived in his workshop, cook - on kitchen, cook, who, as a rule, was free, from the middle class, certainly had his own room. The nurse and the nanny slept on the floor in the nursery. The uncle, the maid on duty and the footman are on the floor on a rug outside the threshold of the master's room.

Entrance hall, front hall, front hall, servants' room, waiter's room, warm canopy- the first note of the cold hallway is a room in the house.

The main functions of the hallway:

1) The entrance hall is the first heated room, a thermal buffer between the cold air of the cold vestibule and the actively used residential and front areas. 2) In the hallway, when entering, they shake off their shoes, if there are scrapers, they clean the soles, take off their outer clothing, which they either hang on hooks and hangers, or put on tables and benches. When you leave, get dressed. 3) The entrance hall is the working room of the male part of the yard people, a place for them to rest and wait for orders. 4) In the absence of choirs on holidays, an orchestra could be placed here. 5) The entrance hall could serve as a buffet (the next room is the hall, which was used as a dining room). 6) In the hallway they are waiting for the result of the report. When the owner (hostess) goes into the hallway for a conversation and holds an audience there, the hallway serves as a reception room. 7) The entrance hall can be combined with the dining room. 8) The entrance hall may not be one room, but a zone and consist of two rooms: a lackey and a reception room; the servant's room can be combined with a buffet, and the reception room can be combined with a dining room.

Guests are greeted in the hallway and, at parting, they are escorted to the hallway. In some situations, the footman, after the report, escorts the guest from the hallway to the living room or office. The elder is received in the hall. The priest is also not allowed further than the front, where they bring him vodka and snacks.

Warm canopy there are at least two in the house: clean and black. The hallway in front of the front staircase is called lobby.

Office- to manage large farms, offices were established and operated that dealt with economic and economic affairs under the guidance of a manager. The office premises could be located both in the main house (on the ground floor) and in a separate wing.

The office could also be called the office. office the owner's office could also be called, where he was engaged in economic and financial affairs, received the headman, contractors, petitioners, compiled and checked accounts, kept money and securities.

Workshop called a room or several rooms in the house (outbuilding) for special work related to the creativity of the owner.

Workshop of the artist (sculptor, painter) can be in a room specially designed for this, or in any room equipped for work (in the hall, living room, office).

In a city house there may be craft workshop- sewing, icon painting, (figurative), wallpaper. One of the most common was carpentry workshop- for household needs of the estate.

Shop- a room in rows or a residential building for trade.

Wardrobe, wardrobe, wardrobe, clothes- a room for storing clothes. Sometimes combined with a ladies' toilet, restroom. In the men's house, it can be combined with a library, an armory, a reception room. Clothes are stored in wardrobes and chests of drawers.

Pantry- a separate storage room.

Lumber room- a small storage room. Used to store household items, food, wine, clothes, weapons, dishes, utensils, jewelry, money, books, furniture, paintings, old trash. Sometimes they sleep, especially in the summer, most often servants, footmen, valet, courtyard people. The keys to the pantry are with the hostess, the housekeeper, the housekeeper, the cook.

Kitchen, cookery, cooking, cooking- a room or an outbuilding for cooking master's food. It should have a convenient connection: with a pantry (glacier), a dining room (buffet). The kitchen is the home of the cook, and often the maid. When guests are treated in the hall, dining room, living room, their servants (valet, maid, coachman) are in the kitchen.

For courtyard people they could cook separately, in a separate room, which was called human kitchen or hasty. The master's kitchen, or the kitchen where they cooked for both masters and people, could also be called hasty.

In the house, next to the dining room could be located buffet, buffet, where tableware and table linen were stored. The pantry should have the shortest convenient communication with the kitchen. In the buffet, dishes await their order of serving to the table. A man from the kitchen carries dishes to the pantry. In the pantry, dishes are taken, served, heated and, on command, handed over to the footmen for serving to the table. From the master's table, the uneaten food returns to the pantry and is eaten there by the courtyards. Kvass, wine, vodka are stored in the pantry. In the pantry they serve tea or vodka to the servants of the guests. If the house does not have a separate buffet room, then in the dining room (hall) a small area with a buffet is allocated, where tableware and table linen are stored.

table, shabby- a dining room for courtyard people, often combined with a fresh one. Could be combined with a girl's. Table - a place of communication of courtyards. In the fall, cabbage cutting takes place in the table.

Laundry, washing- rooms where they wash and iron clothes. Usually located on the ground floor, basement or in a separate outbuilding.

Locker, cold- in some houses there is a special room, where for offenses, in anticipation of punishment, courtyard people were imprisoned.

corridor called a narrow long room inside the house, through which the rooms are connected to each other. The corridor allows you to make neighboring rooms not passable.

In a residential building, the corridor can be combined with a vestibule or an internal staircase. The corridor is not only a zone of internal communication, for domestic servants, it is also a residential zone. The maid girl or the uncle could sleep in the corridor at the door.

In large rooms (halls), corridors could be organized using screens.

ladder, ladder- a stepped rise (descent), connecting different levels of floors. The house, as a rule, has several stairs, the need for which is due to the degree of isolation of individual functional areas.

Front, master staircase- leads to the front and living rooms. Back, black, maiden staircase- for courtyards. Food can be delivered to the dining room (pantry) from the lower floor or the kitchen wing along the same stairs. Internal staircase— in the inner corridor. Mezzanine staircase, stairs to the mezzanine; loft ladder. Spiral staircase.

Outhouse, outhouse, right place, departure, latrine, latrine chamber, waste rest, waste place, latrine room, retreat, retreat place - a room for the administration of natural needs. Settled next to the front entrance, sometimes at the girl's porch. Usually not heated.

Water closet- an improved outhouse, where sewage is washed off with water and special valves are closed with water, preventing bad air from entering the room. Water closets must be heated.

Place for the ship- a small dark room (closet, closet under the stairs), where there is a container for the mandrel, which the servants regularly empty and wash.

In the bathroom, bathroom- there is a bath for washing. The bathroom area (apartment) can contain several rooms: the actual bathroom, toilet, water closet.

Baths- floating structures on the water were also called baths.

Bath- a building or room in the house containing washing rooms and a steam room. In the estate, there are usually two separate baths - for the masters and for the courtyard people (the master's bath and the people's bath).

The composition of the premises of the apartment

Apartments are the main cells, from which all houses, both small and largest, are assembled. The overall quality of a residential building depends on how convenient and rational the planning structure of the apartment is.

One of the main conditions proper organization an apartment is its compliance with the needs of the family, satisfaction of the life processes taking place in it: rest, classes, cooking, etc. At the same time, the comfort of living in an apartment depends not only on the correct determination of the necessary composition of the premises, but also on their size, the nature of the relationship, aesthetic qualities.

Each apartment consists of the following premises: living rooms, kitchen, anteroom, bathroom or shower room, toilet, built-in wardrobes or storage room, balconies, loggias or terraces are allowed. In hot climates, their device is a must.

Living rooms constitute a group of residential premises, the rest of the premises are called utility rooms. In sum, residential and utility areas make up the total area of ​​​​the apartment.

Living rooms are the main part of the apartment. They have different purposes and are divided into common and sleeping rooms. In large apartments, an office for work and studies can be additionally provided.

All living rooms should be designed in such a way that their size, proportions, location of windows, doors, heaters make it possible to conveniently place the necessary furnishings. All living rooms should be lit with natural light. Approximately, the sufficiency of natural lighting is determined by the light effect, which characterizes the ratio of the light area of ​​window openings in the light to the floor area of ​​the room.

According to current standards, this ratio should be within 1:4.5 ... 1:8. If the light opening overlooks the loggia, then for its calculation, the part of the loggia adjacent to this opening should be included in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room.

The common room is the main and, as a rule, the largest room in the apartment. It serves as a place of rest and various activities for family members, receiving guests, a dining room. The area of ​​the common room in two- and three-room apartments must be at least 16 m2, in four- and five-room apartments - 18 m2. Its width is assumed to be at least 3 m. The best proportions (width to length ratio) are 1:1 ... 1:1.5. Rational placement of furniture in the common room can be isolated corners used as a dining room, living room, workspace (Fig. 1).

Sometimes a common room in large apartments is designed as a passageway, where it is a link for all the premises of the apartment. This allows you to make the layout of the apartment with a minimum area of ​​​​corridors. However, in small apartments, the common room should be made impassable.

Bedrooms are designed for one and two people and can be intended for children and adult family members. The area of ​​the bedrooms should be 10...12 m2 for two people and 8 m2 for one person.

All bedrooms should be designed impassable. It is necessary to provide for the installation of built-in wardrobes or wardrobes in them, carefully consider the possible arrangement of furniture, taking into account that bedrooms, in addition to their main purpose, also perform other functions - they serve as a place for younger children to play, older children to work, adults work (Fig. 2). In southern areas, it is necessary to protect sleeping rooms from overheating at night and therefore not orient to the western side of the horizon.

Rice. 1. Options for organizing and zoning a common room, depending on the proportions of the room

The kitchen is a very important room in the apartment. Here there are processes related to cooking, table setting, washing dishes. Very often, the kitchen serves as a place for eating. Therefore, when designing an apartment, very serious attention should be paid to the issues of planning and equipping the kitchen, taking into account the satisfaction of increased sanitary requirements applied to this room.

All kitchen equipment should be of a shape and surface that is easy to clean. Walls should be painted with oil paint or pasted over with washable wallpaper, and the wall near which the equipment is located should be faced with glazed tiles. The floor should also be made of easily washable materials (linoleum, PVC tiles, etc.). Depending on the size of the family and the nature of housekeeping, the type and size of the kitchen, the set of special equipment and furniture change.

Rice. 2. Options for organizing bedrooms depending on the size and proportions of the premises:
a - for one person; b - for parents

In our construction practice, three main types of kitchens are used: kitchen niche, working kitchen, kitchen-dining room (Fig. 3).

A beggar kitchen is called a kitchen, the equipment of which is located in a niche of a living room or a front room. Such kitchens are rational in hotel-type houses in apartments designed for one or two people who run the household in a minimum amount. This type of kitchen is acceptable only if it is equipped with an electric stove and artificial exhaust ventilation.

AT modern apartments the main type of kitchen is the kitchen-dining room, in which, in addition to working equipment, dinner table and chairs. This type of kitchen is very convenient, as it turns into an extra room. The kitchen-dining room, as a rule, has an entrance from the front.

Rice. 3. Main types of kitchens:
a - kitchen niche; b - working kitchen; in - kitchen-dining room

The kitchen area depends on the size of the apartment, but must be at least 8 m2 and have a width of at least 2 m. In one-room apartments residential buildings in cities and towns, it is allowed to reduce the area of ​​kitchens to 5 m2 (working kitchen).

All types of kitchens are equipped with stationary kitchen equipment and special furniture. The main piece of equipment is a gas, electric or solid fuel stove (depending on local conditions). Next to the stove there is a desktop with a built-in sink, which is also a cabinet for storing kitchen utensils. Above the table are hanging cabinets for storing dinner and tea utensils, products. On fig. 4.4. approximate dimensions of this equipment are given.

The shape, color, material from which the kitchen equipment is made mainly decide the composition of the interior, and its rational arrangement creates convenience and saves the labor and time of the hostess, so the equipment modern kitchen architects should pay special attention.

The location of the kitchen equipment depends on the proportions of its premises, the location of the openings, etc. It can be single-row, double-row, corner.

The sanitary unit of the apartment includes rooms where a bath or shower tray, washbasin and toilet are located. In one-room and small two-room apartments intended for singles and small families, combined sanitary facilities are advisable, where all sanitary appliances are located in one room. In apartments intended for large families, appliances must be placed in separate rooms: a bathroom with a washbasin in the bathroom, and a toilet in the restroom. In order to increase comfort in such apartments, it is possible to locate a combined sanitary unit in the area of ​​​​the bedrooms and a toilet with a washbasin in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe kitchen and common room.

For the equipment of sanitary facilities, sanitary appliances are produced standard sizes(Fig. 5). The dimensions of the premises of the sanitary unit are determined by the arrangement and dimensions of the equipment (Fig. 6). In addition, the bathroom should provide space for a washing machine with a size of at least 0.75X0.50 m.

The dimensions of bathrooms and showers also depend on the type of hot water supply in the house, which can be central, which does not require the installation of water heaters, and local, with a solid fuel water heater or gas water heater. A wood-fired or coal-fired heater requires a dedicated floor space, geyser hangs on the wall above the bathtub. The volume of the bathroom equipped gas water heater, must be at least 7.5 m3. In this case, the doors must have ventilation grilles at the bottom or a gap between the door and the floor for air flow.

The dimensions of the latrine must be at least 0.8 m wide and 1.2 m deep. Doors in the toilet and bathroom should open outward.

Rice. 4. Approximate dimensions of kitchen equipment:
a-plates; I - electrical; II - gas; 41 - solid fuel; b - sinks; c - equipment layout options

Rice. 5. Overall dimensions of items of equipment for sanitary facilities

Rice. 6. Sanitary units and their equipment: a-toilets; b-bathrooms; in-combined sanitary units; d-separate sanitary facilities

The entrance to the restroom and combined sanitary unit must be from the front or internal corridor. The entrance to the bathroom can be organized from the bedroom, but only if there is a second entrance from the front or inside the apartment corridor. The premises of sanitary facilities are equipped with exhaust ventilation.

In apartment buildings in temperate or cold climatic regions, as a rule, sanitary facilities are designed without natural lighting and ventilation (in some cases, lighting is made with a second light through a transom located at the top of the kitchen wall). In warm and hot climatic regions, for lighting and mainly ventilation, it is preferable to provide windows in sanitary facilities facing north or northeast. Windows are usually located at the top of the wall. Walls and floors in the premises of the sanitary unit should be finished with waterproof and easily washable materials.

When arranging the equipment of a sanitary unit, it is necessary to take into account the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of the installation of sanitary equipment. In this regard, it is desirable to place a sanitary unit adjacent to the kitchen, which allows you to combine their communications into a single installation sanitary unit. Currently, in industrial construction, enlarged sanitary-technical blocks and panels are used with plumbing, sewage, and hot water pipes embedded in them. Volumetric sanitary cabins are also used, which are fully assembled at the factory.

The placement of the sanitary unit depends on the overall layout and size of the apartment. As mentioned, it is desirable to place a sanitary unit adjacent to the kitchen. However, in large apartments, their separation is possible, since the kitchen should be adjacent to the dining room, and the bathroom and toilet should be adjacent to the bedrooms, located in an isolated part of the apartment more remote from the entrance. In addition, in large apartments, a toilet with an entrance from the corridor should be located adjacent to the kitchen, and in the back of the apartment, adjacent to the bedrooms, a combined sanitary unit with a toilet and a bathroom.

The front is the entrance to the apartment and the link between its separate rooms, therefore it is very important to rationally and beautifully solve its interior, while using the minimum area. In the front, it is necessary to provide a place for convenient placement of a hanger for an upper dress and a shelf for shoes under it, a mirror with a bedside table for storing accessories for caring for shoes and clothes. In the large front rooms, space could be allocated for a table for a telephone and a chair (Fig. 7).

Rice. 7. Examples of front layouts

In apartment buildings, the front, as a rule, is illuminated by a second light through glazed doors. It is beautiful when the front communicates with the common room through a double glazed door or a sliding partition. This visually expands the space of the front, and if necessary, makes it possible to increase the space of the common room. In such a front hall, you can place a TV and a lounge chair. The minimum front width is 1.4 m.

In some layouts, mainly large apartments, internal passages and gateways are provided for communication between individual premises. Their width is taken at least 1.1 m if they lead to living rooms, and 0.85 m if they lead to kitchens and bathrooms. In locks and passages, the height of which can be reduced to 2.1 m, it is rational to arrange mezzanine and wall cabinets for storing various household items.

In addition to closets, some apartments have utility pantries, dressing rooms, which are very convenient in everyday life. In individual houses with large apartments, pantries are a must.

Good day everyone! As you know, one of the best ways to enrich your vocabulary is to describe everything that surrounds you or a story about what you see right now. Therefore, today you will learn a lot of new vocabulary to describe the interior, or rather, words related to the topic “House and adjacent plot”. In addition, you will learn how to ask for permission, follow polite orders and commands. The name of outbuildings and rooms in the house in English. Mount Vernon

The name of the rooms in the house is one of the first topics that is considered in language courses, because without knowing this vocabulary, you can talk about where you live and describe your home and buildings around it. During the lesson you will learn a lot English words, expressions, a table with translation and read the dialogue with examples of the names of rooms in a house or apartment. Today you will take a mental tour of all the rooms of your or any other house, and look into every corner of it: from the hallway to the spinning room.

Remember also a similar audio lesson - Describing your house

As always, you must first read a short fragment of the conversation, the background of which is as follows: Martin Lerner leads visitors to Mount Vernon, the museum-estate of the first US president, George Washington. The guide conducts a tour of the entire house and garden plot, and curious visitors are happy to look into all corners of the museum-estate:

Man:May we look at the gardens? — Can we see the gardens?
Martin:Yes, we may. - Yes we can
Woman:May we take pictures? - Can I take a picture?
guide:You may not take pictures in some places. - You can't take pictures in some places
Man: May we see upstairs? — Can we see the top (upper floors)?
guide: Oh, yes, in a few minutes. — Oh, yes, in a few minutes
Woman:May we smoke? — Can we smoke?
guide:no. Please don't smoke. It's dangerous. - Not. Please don't smoke. This is dangerous.

By rereading several times a fragment of the conversation between the guide and visitors to the George Washington estate, train your reading skills in English and the ability to perceive visual English text. Then, while listening to an audio recording of a lesson with vocabulary about the house and the buildings surrounding it, work on your fluent American listening skills and skills English pronunciation: /wp-content/uploads/2014/11/russian_english_062.mp3

Name of buildings in English

Refresh the knowledge gained in previous lessons, as well as learn new phrases, verbs, adjectives, nouns and terms for the name of rooms and buildings in English with the help of a convenient translation table:

House, rooms and outbuildings
Phrases
Be careful, don't stumble!	Watch your step!
Be careful not to hit your head!	Watch your head!
We can look at…	May we look at the…
Can I take pictures?	May we take pictures?
Nouns
bedroom	bedroom
carriage house	coach house
dining room	dining room
estate	property
furniture	furniture
hall, vestibule	hall
refrigerator, glacier	icehouse
kitchen	kitchen
room	room (in a house)
smokehouse	smoke house
spinning mill	spinning house
stable	stable
barn	store house
pantry	storeroom
cabinet	study
veranda	veranda
bath, laundry	wash house
acre	acre
present	gift
Group	group
guide	guide
Earth	land
road	road
view	view
visitor	visitor
Adjectives
buried	buried
crowded	crowded
original, genuine	original
private, personal	private
public, general	public
similar, similar	similar
Adverbs
near, nearby	nearby
Verbs
belong	to belong
donate	to donate
entertain	to entertain
smoke	to smoke

1 Related words: Apartment and rooms (sound and transcription)

other words:

apartment- Amer. flat; apartment building- apartment house; penthouse apartment– penthouse; studio apartments- atelier, workshop; duplex apartment- Amer. apartment located on two floors

room- room; floor- floor; ceiling- ceiling; wall- wall; window- window; entrance (front door) – Entrance door; toilet- toilet

2 Related words: Furniture (sound, transcription)

[ɑːmˈtʃɛː] - armchair
[ˈbʊkkeɪs] - bookcase; bookshelf
[ˈkɑːpɪt] – carpet
- chair
[ˈkʌbəd] - cupboard for dishes
[ˈfʌɪəpleɪs] - fireplace
- lamp
[ˈmɪrə] – mirror
[ˈsəʊfə] - sofa, sofa
[ˈteɪb(ə)l] – table
- vase
[ˈwɔːdrəʊb] - wardrobe, closet

other words:

furniture- furniture; couch- sofa, sofa, couch; bed- bed; double bed- double bed; desk- desk

wall(-)paper- wallpaper; curtain- curtain, curtain; cushion- cushion; blanket- a blanket

bath- bath; shower cabin(et)– shower cabin; sink- sink; flush toilet- toilet bowl

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3 Videos in English on the topic: Rooms and parts of the house

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4 Song in English: Let's Clean Up / Let's clean up!

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5 Related vocabulary: house rooms and furniture (video)

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6 Names of pieces of furniture household appliances in English

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7 Features of the use of English words denoting an apartment

Nouns denoting location ( apartment, flat, hall, house) are used to indicate a position in a series of similar ones, as a rule, with a quantitative numeral and without an article. The numeral is placed after such a noun. These nouns are often capitalized: Room S, Apartment 20, Hall 5.

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8 Apartment and furniture in English idioms

bachelor flat (apartment)- (lit. bachelor) one-room apartment

hell's kitchen- a place that is notorious; criminal quarter
soup kitchen– free canteen (where soup is given to the poor and the unemployed)
thieves" kitchen- thieves' den
everything and the kitchen sink- almost everything, necessary and unnecessary

arm chair critic- a critic, blindly following some doctrine, dogma

to be on the carpet- to be at the discussion (about the issue); to call smb. on the carpet- call someone to the carpet
to have somebody on the carpet- give a scolding to someone
to roll out the red carpet for somebody- give someone a warm welcome
to sweep something under the carpet- try to hide something

chair days- old age
to take the chair- become chairman of the meeting; open meeting
Chair!- To order!

cupboard love- selfish love, affection (usually in children when they want to get something from adults)

upon the table- publicly discussed; well-known
to lay on the table- polit. postpone discussion (of a bill)
to turn the tables (up)on smb.- beat the enemy with his own weapon; switch roles
under the table- drunk; secretly, covertly, clandestinely

on the couch- jarg. being at a session with a psychoanalyst; undergoing psychoanalysis

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9 Games, songs and stories: rooms in the apartment and furniture in English (flash)

Differences between British and American English in the names of living quarters and furniture

Buildings, apartments, tenants, agents

Housing area - housing development(Am)- housing estate(Br)
apartment type hotel apartment hotel(Am)- service flats(Br)
sleeping area, sleeping suburb - bedroom(Am)- dormitory(Br)
apartment house - apartment building / house(Am)- dwelling house, block of flats(Br)
apartment building (in which the apartments are privately owned); apartment in such a house - condominimum, condo(Am)- apartment(Br)
flat - apartment(Am)- flat(Br)
one-room apartment - studio(Am)- bed-sitter(Br)
tenant, tenant roomer(Am)- lodger(Br)
furniture store – furniture store(Am)- furniture shop(Br)
real estate agent - realtor(Am)- estate agent(Br)

Rooms

lobby, foyer lobby, foyer(Am)- entrance hall, foyer(Br)
corridor, hallway hallway(Am)- hall(Br)
children's Corner - kidspace(Am)- children's corner(Br)
living room - living room(Am)- sitting room, lounge, drawing room(Br)
restroom - recreation room(Am)- restroom(Br)
study - den, study(Am)- home office(Br)
toilet - bathroom, toilet, john, restroom(Am)- lavatory, battery(Br)
lumber room - lumber room(Am)- box room(Br)
pantry - pantry(Am)- larder(Br)

Furniture and other

Chest of drawers (for clothes) - bureau, dresser(Am)- chest of drawers(Br)
closet, cupboard closet(Am)- cup board(Br)
sofa - couch, davenport(Am)- sofa, settee(Br)
folding bed - cat(Am)- camp bed(Br)
curtains (tulle) - sheers, underdrapes(Am)- net curtains(Br)
curtains, blinds (window) shades(Am)- blinds(Br)
bath - bathtub(Am)- bath(Br)
Water taps) - faucet(Am)- tap(Br)
waste pipe - soil / sewer pipe(Am)- drain(Br)
electric outlet - electrical outlet(Am)- power point socket(Br)
elevator - elevator(Am)- lift(Br)

From the book of M. S. Evdokimov, G. M. Shleev " Quick Reference American-British Correspondences".

Games and exercises on the topic: rooms and furniture (in English)

English poems that mention parts of the house and furniture

I Never Want to Go to Bed
Kenn Nesbitt

I never want to go to bed.
I like to stay up late.
I "m bouncing off the bedroom walls
and, frankly, feeling great!

I'm dancing like a maniac
instead of counting sheep.
My mom says, "Time for bed."
My dad yells, "Get your butt to sleep!"

I "m not sure what my bottom
has to do with anything
but that's okay because I'd rather
jump around and sing.

I don't know what it was
that made me feel so wide awake.
Could it have been the Red Bull
and the double-chocolate cake?

I wonder if the seven cups
of coffee plus dessert
of Hershey bars and Skittles
are what left me this alert?

Whatever it turns out to be
that made me feel right
I hope I track it down
so I can stay up every... ZZZzzzzz

The Kitchen

A home is made of many rooms
To rest, to sleep, to shower,
To play, and read, and talk a lot,
Do hobbies by the hour.

But the kitchen, ah, the kitchen
Is a room that's made of dreams
Of fantasies... created by
A love of cooking schemes.

To touch, to smell, to visualize
The wonders that occur...
And then to taste, and then to taste
results of things that were.

At one time just "ingredients,"
In their places on the shelves
But become a wondrous mixture
As though transformed by elves.

Yes, a home is made of many rooms.
Each one has it's pleasures,
But the kitchen is the best of all
For finding hidden treasures.

Please remember - don't forget...
Mabel Lucie Attwell

Please remember - Don't forget!
Never leave the bathroom wet.
Nor leave the soap still in the water. -
That's a thing we never ought "er! -
And as you "ve been so often told,
Never let the "hot" run "cold";
Nor leave the towels upon the floor.
Nor keep the bath an hour or more
When other folks are wanting one;
Just don't forget - it isn't done! -
An "if you" d really do the things -
There's not the slightest need to sing!