How nylon tights are made. How to open your own hosiery production

23.09.2019

It would seem that tights are a very simple piece of clothing, and it is difficult to find a woman who has not held them in her hands at least once, however, the production process is quite complicated, consists of many operations and is also expensive. This is probably why, despite the large number of women and the very large consumption of tights (more than 400 million pairs per year), Russia almost completely lacks its own production. More precisely, it was absent. However, in 2013, a modern factory for the production of tights was built in the Noginsk district of the Moscow region.

1. The factory building was built from scratch, in fact, in an open field.

2. The production area covers 5000 square meters. m., which houses more than 250 different machines.

Casual women's tights are traditionally made from two types of raw materials - polyamide and elastane. It was a revelation to me that the raw material for tights is oil. More precisely, polyamide is made from petroleum products. Only here is the annoyance - not in Russia. All quality raw materials for tights are imported from Europe.

Raw materials are stored in the workshop, as any climate change can lead to its deterioration. In general, the workshop has modern system ventilation and climate control, since certain humidity and pressure must be strictly observed in the production of tights.

3. Initially, both polyamide and elastane are white. Please note that the sleeves on which the yarn is wound - different color. Because different models made from different yarns. Not only polyamide (shiny, matte), but also elastane can be different.

For example, smooth polyamide is pleasant to the touch, but gives a slight sheen (after all, no one has yet canceled physics, light is reflected from smooth surfaces), and textured polyamide (with an uneven surface) does not reflect light, but at the same time it does not feel as silky to the touch, but there is no shine. Everyone already chooses for herself what is more important to her.

4. In tights, polyamide is responsible for lightness and strength, and elastane for elasticity and good fit. At the same time, it has one significant drawback - it is not very durable. In order to increase its strength in high-quality tights, elastane is used not in its pure form, but wrapped with polyamide threads. To determine the quality tights in front of you or not, you do not need to have special knowledge. It is enough to consider the tights in the light. The brighter the tree-like pattern is visible, the better the quality of the elastane. If the pattern is not visible at all, then most likely there will be no elastane in pantyhose at all and they will move off the leg and gather in folds at the ankles.

5. Up close, the yarn spools look like plastic bottles, which is not surprising, polyamide is made from the same granules as, for example, plastic tires.

6. The invention of such machines in the middle of the twentieth century made a revolution in the production of tights, and the back seam, which used to sew the legs of tights, turned into decorative element, which adds zest to the image and does not carry any functional load. Cars operate in automatic mode. Human intervention is only required when changing the program or when changing the bobbin.

7. Tights are not knitted entirely, but in two halves-pipes on special circular knitting machines. More than 400 needles are involved in the creation of one such half. Due to the speed and small size of the needles, it is almost impossible to follow their movement, so it seems that the tights are knitted almost out of thin air.

8. Here you can see the rubber band from the "pipe". Knitting one pipe takes about 2 minutes. On average, one pair of tights takes from 7 to 9 kilometers of yarn.

9. After 2 minutes, such a "gut" almost 1.5 meters long will come out of the car. Very little like the usual tights. And who has ever put on tights, knows that the legs are not that long.

10. But they do not come in such a length, because immediately after knitting, the semi-finished products are packed in special bags and sent to the stabilizer, in which, under the influence of pressure and high temperature steam, the semi-finished products shrink and decrease in size.

11. Stabilization takes about 40 minutes.

12. Semi-finished products leave the stabilizer wet and dry for several hours before the next stage.

13. After the stabilizer, two "pipes" are sewn together and finally the usual tights are obtained.
These are sewing machines of the carousel type. A person participates here only at the very first stage - he puts two halves on special holders. Then the machine does everything itself.

14. The machine stretches and cuts each half from the top in half, sews in the gusset, sews up the top seams (by the way, this machine makes the seams folding - this is a more perfect type of flat seam, before putting it on it looks like a regular round overlock, and after putting it on it stretches into a flat line, which makes the seam invisible even under very tight clothing).

15. The whole cycle from putting on the semi-finished products on the holders to the exit of the finished tights also takes about two minutes.

16. The last stage is sewing up the toes. A person is also not required here.

17. Tights are almost ready. In any case, they look more familiar, only white. Through the pneumatic tube, the finished tights fall into a special bag, in which they will then go for dyeing.

18. Very thin tights or corrective pantyhose that the carousel machine cannot handle are sewn by hand.

19. The dye shop is a separate room. The mixing of dyes also occurs automatically according to a given program, because an error in the composition of even one hundredth of a percent will lead to damage to the whole batch.

20.

21. After dyeing, the tights are returned to the workshop again. On special molding machines, they are given an anatomical shape. Tights are put on a special form, and then treated with high-temperature steam.

22. All shapers work with gloves, as when in contact with bare skin, freshly dyed tights easily leave visible sweat marks. For other employees, the requirements for hands are also strict - no rings or bracelets, good manicure, short nails and a special hydrophilic cream.

23. Finished, ironed and shaped tights are transported to a special hanger and now all that remains is to pack them.

24. Packing machines are also automatic. A person only fills tights in the car and puts them in boxes at the exit. The machine does everything else itself - it packs it in a plastic bag, an envelope and even sticks stickers with color and size markings.

25.

26. Now it remains to put the finished tights into boxes and you can send them to stores.

The factory produces more than 50 various models- from simple tights with shorts to complex corrective models. The quality of tights (tested personally) is not inferior to the usual Italian ones, and some models are generally unique, for example, absolutely matte tights that do not shine even under camera flashes - one of the most popular models, thanks to stylists who announced a fight against shiny tights a few years ago.

Today, the production of nylon tights and stockings in Russia is profitable business. And it is not surprising, because with a fairly low cost of such products, the trade margin for it is about 150% when selling to retailers and more if you sell the products yourself. In addition, this is one of the few business niches in which domestic producers still successfully compete with imported ones. And this is also not surprising, because proximity to the consumer allows domestic producers to respond in a timely manner to the changing preferences of the consumer audience. At the same time, it is impossible not to notice that the level of consumption of hosiery and tights is invariably high, which means that if you decide to organize a business for the production of stockings and tights, you will not be left without work.

Where to begin?

One of the first things you will need to do before you go straight into organizing your business is decide what type of product you are going to make. The choice is quite extensive. Pantyhose and stockings today are divided into several large groups. These are therapeutic tights, corrective or modeling tights, thin classic and warm tights, ordinary and exclusive (so-called fantasy) tights and stockings, and many others. Of course, we all would like our range of products to be as extensive as possible, because the wider the choice, the more successful our sales will be. However, there are certain nuances here.

So, it should be borne in mind that according to the type of tights that you plan to produce, the type of raw material for their production is selected. There are many types of raw materials on the market today. This:

Antibacterial acrylic fibers (eg Outlast and AMICOR);
Hypoallergenic artificial textured fibers such as VIAFIL;
Mercerized cotton;
Polyamide fibers (TACTEL);
Lycra;
Polypropene;
Man-made fibers (for example, viscose);
microfiber;
Bamboo fibers;
Acrylic, cotton, wool, etc.

It is quite obvious that in a small production to cover all types of raw materials and, accordingly, a large assortment products, from a technological point of view is not possible. Therefore, first of all, decide what type of product and for what consumer audience you plan to produce, whether it will be inexpensive simple tights and stockings for a wide range of consumers or exclusive models, the production of which uses the most modern equipment.

It is clear that some will require simple, possibly second-hand equipment, while others will require the newest. Therefore, the cost of starting your business largely depends on the choice of the direction of work.

Briefly about production technology

The technology for the production of nylon tights and stockings has much in common with the technology for the production of warm tights and socks made of cotton fiber. However, it is somewhat more complicated and includes more technological operations, which means that the equipment here will require somewhat different.

The process of manufacturing nylon tights includes several stages, each of which involves different equipment. So, for the manufacture of two tubular blanks, which become the basis of future tights, circular knitting machines are used. Also, in the production of this type of product, an overlock or flat-seam machine will be required to carry out the necessary sewing operations, molding machines for heat setting, dyeing equipment that gives the tights the necessary shade (nylon fibers themselves are white-transparent), as well as packaging equipment. With the help of all these devices, tights and stockings acquire a marketable appearance.

Selection and purchase of equipment

Now let's talk about the necessary equipment in more detail. So, the first thing we need is a circular knitting machine. Please note that for the production of nylon tights, circular knitting machines of a higher class are required than for the manufacture of warm woolen or cotton tights. These are machines of classes from 30 to 34. We do not produce such equipment, therefore, as a rule, those who are thinking about organizing a business for the production of nylon tights purchase equipment in China, Korea, Poland or the Czech Republic. Often used equipment is purchased to start a business. Its price is much cheaper. However, when purchasing used equipment, you should first consult with an independent specialist. Otherwise, you risk finding yourself in a situation where buying and repairing old equipment will cost you the same amount as if you were buying new.

On average, the price of used equipment, depending on its type, varies from 2 to 35 thousand euros. New equipment, of course, will cost many times more. You can order equipment for the manufacture of women's nylon tights and stockings on the website http://knitmach.ru. There you can also consult on the selection of the necessary equipment. In addition to the sale of equipment, training on its use is also provided here, which is very important for those who are just starting their business, because one of the most important tasks at this stage is the training of qualified personnel trained to work on this particular equipment.

Of course, if you are not limited in funds, it is best to purchase new equipment. After all, modern machines make it possible to produce not only simple nylon tights, but also tights with lycra, mesh tights, colored and fantasy tights. The best choice will be Italian equipment for the production of nylon tights. It will cost by no means cheap - an Italian-made pantyhose machine will cost about 20-25 thousand euros.

The minimum required number of knitting machines to ensure the full load of other equipment is from 15 to 25 pieces. With the price of used machines (for example, the firms "Matec", "Lonati", "Sangiacomo") from 2 to 6 thousand euros, we get from 30 to 150 thousand euros only for circular knitting machines.

The cost of used sewing equipment will be about 1-4 thousand euros, a molding machine (for example, "Cortese" or "ERMEST") - 4 thousand euros, equipment for painting (for example, "GRANDIS") - about 35 thousand euros, and and, finally, packaging equipment - 20-25 thousand euros. At the same time, overlockers and sewing machines are required to meet the needs of production at least 3-5 pieces. The cost of a set of this equipment, in this case, will be from 3 to 20 thousand euros.

Thus, according to the most conservative estimates, the cost of all the equipment we need, excluding the cost of delivery and possible repairs, will be from 92 to 234 thousand euros. A set of new equipment with the same performance will cost twice as much.

In addition, you will also need raw materials for the production of tights. For the manufacture of ordinary classic tights, domestic manufacturers, as a rule, use our raw materials, for fantasy tights they use imported raw materials.

Taking into account other expenses, including the registration of a company, the purchase or lease of a factory, payment for the delivery of equipment, staff training, etc., starting a business for the production of nylon stockings and tights can cost you about 1 million euros.

This type of product is an integral part of women's wardrobe. For this reason, the demand for it is great. It should be noted that the cost of production of tights and stockings is low, but the margin on finished products reaches 150%, which indicates the prospects and profitability this business.

It is noteworthy that tights and stockings of domestic production are not inferior in quality to imported analogues.

To open your own business in this area, you must:

Have initial capital;

Outline ways to achieve the goal;

Create a proper material base;

Decide on the range of products;

The main thing in this business is confidence, focus and patience.

As for the planning of the range of products, there are usually no problems with it, since at present it is possible to produce various types of similar products. If you wish, you can engage in the production of therapeutic, corrective or modeling, thin classic and warm, traditional and exclusive tights and other types. As you can see, the choice is really great.

Of course, you can set up production various kinds such products, but this is a rather problematic measure, since the manufacture of a certain type will require appropriate raw materials. Currently, raw materials are represented by various artificial and natural fibers, which are quite easy to purchase, since the textile industry of our country produces them in excess.

If you have small funds for the initial investment, inexperience in this field of activity, it is better to limit yourself to the release of classic, that is, affordable tights. This product will not lose its relevance, as it is focused on a wide range of consumers, while for the manufacture of classic models, you can use used equipment. After your business goes to high quality new level, that is, the business is stabilizing, it will begin to bring high profits, you can think about the production of exclusive models. But this approach will be rational only if there are a large number of relevant consumers. Otherwise, exclusive models will not be in demand. Also, such production is impossible without the availability of special modern equipment.

Let's take a closer look at the production process

The technological process of manufacturing tights and stockings is in many respects similar to production process production of warm tights and socks, the raw material for which is cotton fiber. But in the first case, there are a number of features. In particular, the production of tights and stockings consists of a larger number of stages, and this, in turn, is the reason for the need for slightly different equipment compared to the production of warm products.

To obtain two tubular blanks, from which tights will subsequently be obtained, the presence of circular knitting units is necessary. In the production process, overlocks (a flat-seam unit) will also be needed, which carry out sewing operations. In the production of tights, one cannot do without molding machines that carry out heat fixation, dyeing equipment that gives the products the desired shade (nylon fiber is white), and a packaging unit.

Equipment for the production of tights and stockings

It is well known that it is impossible to establish the production of any quality products without the appropriate material equipment of the enterprise. The production of tights and stockings is no exception. A mandatory unit in such a process is a circular knitting machine. If you set out to produce nylon tights, then you will have to buy a circular knitting machine with a higher class. If your goal is warm woolen or cotton tights, then you can purchase a simpler unit. Classes of such machines are 30-34.

We focus on the fact that our industry does not produce circular knitting machines. In this case, for the production of nylon tights, Chinese, Korean, Polish units can be used, which have an adequate cost. In order to save money, you can buy used equipment, but in this case, there is a high probability of acquiring a pig in a poke, and even without a guarantee. Also not excluded frequent breakdowns which will require additional costs for the purchase of spare parts. As a result, in order to get stably operating equipment, you will have to pay more than it would be necessary to purchase a new unit. To rule out such moments, you can seek help from an independent specialist.

Currently, the cost of used equipment is between 2,000 and 35,000 euros. The price will depend on the type of unit. Naturally, a large amount of money will need to be paid for new equipment. The process of acquiring the necessary equipment can be facilitated through the Internet. In particular, order it on the appropriate website, for example, http://knitmach.ru. On such sites, all the characteristics of the units are given, consultation services are provided, assistance is provided in the selection. Often, among the services of such sites there is training. This moment is especially relevant for those who for the first time open their own business for the production of tights and stockings. At the same time, it should be remembered that training is also necessary for operating personnel, since each model of a particular unit differs in design and other characteristics.

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In the event that there is an amount of funds available that allows you to buy new equipment, then this is simply necessary. So you will receive a guarantee for a certain period, the specialists of the outlet will assist in the installation and configuration of equipment, train your employees, and so on. It should be noted that on modern models units that are used for the production of nylon tights, you can get mesh products, with lycra, tights various colors. According to the results of recent years, Italian-made equipment has proven itself, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality nylon tights with high productivity. True, you will have to fork out for such equipment, since its cost is 20,000-25,000 euros.

Regardless of the model, you will need to purchase at least 15 knitting units (preferably about 20). Only in this case will the full load of other equipment be achieved.

Below is the equipment and its cost:

Used sewing equipment - 1000-4000 euros;

Molding machines (for example "Cortese") - from 4000 euros;

Painting equipment ("GRANDIS") - about 35,000 euros;

Packaging unit - from 20,000 to 25,000 euros;

Overlocks (at least 3 machines, but it is better to buy 5) - 3000-20000 euros.

As a result, it turns out that the most modest set of equipment will cost 92,000-234,000 euros. This does not include the costs associated with delivery, repair, installation, and so on.

The same, but a new set and with greater performance will cost 2 times more.

It is also impossible to establish the production of stockings and tights without raw materials. That is, the cost of acquiring it should be taken into account. At the same time, classic tights can be made from domestic raw materials, but for the production of fantasy tights, you cannot do without imported raw materials.

The costs of opening this case will also be associated with the registration, acquisition or lease of the enterprise, payment for the delivery of equipment, training of employees, and so on.

The implementation of this business will require about 1,000,000 euros.

Entrepreneurs who decide to invest in the production of knitted socks should not expect to receive super profits. The organization of the enterprise will cost a beginner about 3-5 million rubles. Investments will pay off in 2-4 years. But there are no rules without exceptions. There is a possibility of a more successful development of the event if the entrepreneur can occupy a niche in this segment, where the level of competition is relatively small. The first thing you need to do when organizing your own business is to draw up a clear and competent business plan for the production of socks. The project is compiled on the basis of information obtained after studying the market, includes all stages of organization and financial calculations.

Our business valuation:

Starting investments - from 2,500,000 to 5,500,000 rubles.

Market saturation is high.

The complexity of starting a business is 9/10.

Features of the hosiery business

Big competition is the main problem of business. Huge batches of hosiery are imported to Russia from China and Turkey. You can compete with these suppliers only by producing goods of much higher quality.

When registering an enterprise, you need to choose a suitable organizational and legal form, a taxation system. To start a mini shop for the production of socks, you must obtain permission from the relevant authorities: administration, SES, firefighters.

When organizing a business for the production of socks, it is necessary to determine the type of product produced by the enterprise. It is better for a beginner to start with the manufacture of standard products, expanding the range over time.

When buying equipment, it is important to remember that an automated sock making machine with software is capable of producing various products. The device knits not only socks, but also leggings, stockings, headbands and other types of products. Such production will pay off in 1.5 - 2 years.

Domestic market research

Before you open a mini production of socks, you need to study the market, the ratio of supply and demand, trends. Today Russian manufacturers supply 50% of the total volume of socks sold in the domestic market. But the quality of products imported from China, Turkey, India often leaves much to be desired.

Russian entrepreneurs have a huge advantage over foreign suppliers: they know exactly what properties of the goods can attract the attention of their compatriots. For example, the production of woolen socks can satisfy the needs of most of the population, because this type of product is relevant for the inhabitants of Russia.

Also, an advantage can be considered the fact that the domestic manufacturer will not have to pay import customs duties, overpay money for the transportation of products, which will favorably affect the cost of products sold. The optimal ratio of price and quality is what every buyer focuses on when choosing a product.

Knitwear has always been in good demand and is considered one of the most sought after products. Having started with the production of men's socks, and having determined the target audience, the entrepreneur should start producing products for women and children, the range of which is unlimited. You can sell products through retail chains, in an online store or in your own outlets.

Product range

At first glance, it seems that the factory for the production of socks is a narrowly focused enterprise. But experts familiar with the functionality of knitting machines fundamentally disagree with this opinion.

Here is a small list of products manufactured using knitting machines:

decorative sock with jacquard insert;
synthetic, cotton, wool products;
leggings and stockings;
knee pads, elbow pads;
bandages for hands and head.

You can produce various footprints, stockings, tops for fashionable boots and so on. In any case, before buying equipment for the production of socks, it is necessary to take into account the possible development of the business, which is advisable to start with the manufacture of standard products.

Hosiery shop equipment

Sock making machine

Sock production technology is the process of combining individual threads into a single whole. Compliance with a certain algorithm is considered the main requirement in the manufacture of products.

Production stages:

knitting blanks;
sewing up the toe;
product processing by moistening and drying;
sorting and packing.

A feature of the business is that the full-cycle socks production line is assembled by the entrepreneur on his own and is formed from separately purchased machines and fixtures.

A mini-shop producing a full range of products should be equipped as follows:

knitting machine - 7-10 pieces;
sewing machine - 2-3 pieces;
molding mannequin from 10 pieces;
sewing machines- up to 10 pieces.

With the help of sewing machines and sewing machines, socks are sewn in the toe area and the torso is sewn on tights, if their manufacture is planned.

Characteristics of machines and their cost

The price of equipment for socks depends on its performance, the number of components and the manufacturer. The bulk of the money will go to the purchase of knitting machines. Units from the Czech Republic and Italy have the best value for money. The disadvantage of European equipment when choosing is its high cost: from 1,000,000 rubles. for 1 machine and more. Often, European manufacturers include in the cost of machine tools training services for employees and commissioning.

The price of machines for socks made by domestic companies varies between 330,000 and 380,000 rubles. Chinese devices are a little more expensive: from 350,000 to 400,000 rubles.

When choosing equipment, you should pay attention to the fact that if a machine for making socks at home can be automatic and semi-automatic, then for a mini-shop the purchase of semi-automatic machines is impractical. Automatic knitting machines differ from each other. The choice of device depends on the following parameters:

a different number of thread guides, on which the color of the product depends;
equipment and number of needles;
cylinder rotation speed;
manufacturer;
price.

Those who want to save money can buy a second-hand sock making machine. But such a purchase will entail high repair and maintenance costs, which will amount to more than 5% of monthly costs. Another way out in the absence of sufficient start-up capital may be to rent the necessary equipment.

Consumables

In addition to knitting and sewing machines, an entrepreneur needs to buy materials for making socks. Experts recommend buying yarn with equipment. When signing a contract with a supplier, it is important to take into account the fact that the quality and final cost depend on the quality of raw materials. finished products. It is good if the company has experience in the Russian market and a positive reputation.

The main yarn exporters are Chinese, Indian, Turkish and Italian companies. The price of 100% cotton thread varies from 300 rubles. for 1 kg. And cotton yarn mixed with synthetic thread (regenerated cotton) costs from 100 rubles. for 1 kg.

Domestic materials are commonly used to make inexpensive standard socks. For the production of elite products, yarn for socks of European quality is used, usually imported from Italy.

Important to remember! Mandatory certification is required for the production of children's hosiery. Obtaining a special state certificate is a long and costly process. In addition, the costs will pay off only with very large volumes of production.

Financial plan for hosiery production

The cost of a set of equipment from Chinese manufacturers is about 2,500,000 rubles.

Knitting machines produce from 150 pairs of socks per hour.
Toe sewing machines process 800 pairs per hour.
The forming oven serves up to 2,400 pairs per hour.

To avoid downtime, it is advisable to observe the following ratio:

there are 6 knitting machines per oven and toe machine;
to maintain 10 knitting devices, one employee is needed, one seamstress per toe-machine, one worker per stove.

The cost of 1 pair of socks is from 4 to 10 rubles. (depends on quality). The selling price is from 5 to 40 rubles. The expected profit is about 150%.

Monthly expenses:

rent of premises - from 15,000 rubles;
electricity - from 3000 rubles;
salary - from 60,000 rubles. (3 people).

Total: 78,000 rubles. per month.

Let's calculate the profit from 8 knitting machines that make standard products: 8000 pairs of socks are produced in 8 hours. In money terms, this is 40,000 rubles. per shift and 920,000 rubles. per month (23 working days).

Net profit will be about 842,000 rubles. per month.

Production of medium power will pay off within 6-8 months. But this is possible with a well-functioning marketing of finished products.

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Features of earnings in the production of socks

Despite the positive trends in the development of a hosiery enterprise, an entrepreneur must take into account one rather serious obstacle. China supplies Russia with a huge amount of not very high quality, but cheap products. It is useless to compete with Chinese manufacturers on the same terms.

Sock production. An idea for a business is always the right product

A small workshop, even working around the clock, in several shifts, is unlikely to be able to consider itself a serious competitor in this segment. So, you need to find another direction for business development.

Ideas can be found with the help of potential buyers, putting yourself in their place. In a crisis, inexpensive but high-quality products will be in demand. It is better to produce men's socks in a standard model, using different yarns: summer version, woolen socks, etc. But women's and teenage products can be made according to original sketches, using various combinations of threads, yarn, fabric inserts.

Neat and practical products with a thin, inconspicuous seam, made in modern style. But it is possible to knit socks corresponding to the listed characteristics only on high-quality European equipment. Raw materials are also not the cheapest. Yarn from India with unique properties and excellent performance, it is quite expensive.

Such production will require very large investments, but the return will not be small. An organized enterprise from the first steps will be considered competitive, and therefore promising.

One of the most promising activities that do not require large investments is the production of tights and socks. These products are always in endless demand, because they are an integral part of any wardrobe.

Production of tights as a business

The main factor contributing to the success of the company is the right choice of equipment for the production of tights. Few people know that the cost of their manufacture is extremely low. Whereas the margin on already finished products reaches one hundred and fifty percent. This, in turn, indicates the profitability and prospects of this business.

In addition, this is one of those niches in the market in which the domestic manufacturer still competes very successfully today. foreign firms. There is nothing surprising here: the territorial proximity to the buyer allows our businessmen to respond in a timely manner to the changed preferences of the Russian audience. Moreover, the level of consumption of hosiery and tights is constantly high, which means that those who decide to organize the production of these products will not be left without work.

Where to start

It must be borne in mind that, according to the type of tights planned for release - women's or children's, raw materials are also selected. It can be antibacterial acrylic, lycra, hypoallergenic artificial textured thread, mercerized cotton, polypropylene, microfiber, bamboo, wool, etc.

It is quite obvious that the equipment for the production of children's tights is somewhat different from that used for the production of "adult" products. And if the planned volumes are small, then it is technologically impossible to cover the entire sufficiently large assortment.

And this means that first you need to decide on the type of product and choose the consumer audience for which it will be intended. And if a simple, perhaps even used, pantyhose machine may be suitable for one category, then only the most modern and new one will be needed for another. Therefore, the scale of the necessary funds will depend on the choice of direction, after the investment of which the business will flourish.

Production technology

The technology for the production of tights or stockings from kapron raw materials has much in common with their production from cotton fiber. But it is much more difficult. And since this type of production includes more technological operations, the equipment for it requires a slightly different one.

The production process of tights consists of a number of stages. Each of them has a specific machine. For the production of tights, more precisely, their tubular blanks, circular knitting machines are used. In addition, we need an overlock that performs all the necessary sewing operations, as well as a molding machine for heat setting.

The pantyhose production machine also includes dyeing equipment, which gives the product the necessary shade, and packaging equipment. Only with the presence of all this kit, the products will acquire a presentation.

Machine selection

In order to fully prepare products for entering the market, it is necessary to make the right choice of equipment for the production of tights. At the initial stage, many prefer the equipment that was already in use, motivating their decision by a much lower cost.

But in practice, it often happens that it is not known how and by whom the machines already used fail very quickly, and the costs necessary for their repair are not only not justified, but sometimes exceed the total cost of new equipment.

Therefore, the most the right decision- is to buy machines that have a guarantee from the manufacturer. Currently, the market is represented by a large number of models from various companies. They also have a very wide price range. Therefore, in such a variety, everyone can find for themselves the equipment that will best meet all their requirements.

Best manufacturers and prices

The leading place in the market of devices or machines used for the production of tights has long been occupied by Italian and Czech manufacturers. But it should be noted that the prices for equipment from such well-known companies as Matec, Colosio, Uniplet, Lonati, etc. are appropriate. The devices of these brands, although they are distinguished by enviable quality and great durability, require very serious costs.

At the same time, equipment for the production of tights from China, Korea and Taiwan is considered to be more affordable and well-proven.

Prices for machines, depending on the class of manufacturer, power and degree of novelty, range from two to thirty-five thousand conventional units. Naturally, for a completely new production equipment, you will need to pay a large amount.

The socks are very important element clothes. They can be made by hand or bought in a store. In addition, you can open your own shop for the production of socks. But first, let's look at the benefits of such a business.

Advantages of a sock making shop

I must say that the presented type of clothing is used everywhere and constantly. Before you make a choice of equipment for the production of socks, you should definitely understand the advantages of such a business. Among them are the following:

good business return;
high demand for the product;
the ability to manufacture different types socks
a large number of models of devices for the organization of production.

What material is used for work?

First you need to figure out which threads can be used to make the presented products. So, for work you will need the following yarn for the production of socks:

Wool. These socks are very soft and warm. However, this yarn has a big drawback - pellets appear on it, which spoil appearance products. In addition, these socks can stretch. However, adding other threads solves this problem.
Thermolight. This yarn adapts well to human body temperature, so you won't catch a cold or overheat. In addition, the thread is very light, does not stretch after numerous washes, and retains heat even when wet.
Acrylic. The most common and cheapest yarn. The disadvantage is artificiality. but specifications acrylic products are very good: strength, resistance to fading and fading, shape retention after washing.
Cotton. Natural yarn that is great for light summer socks. Such a product is able to "breathe". However, during production, this yarn requires the addition of other types of thread in order to obtain elasticity.

The choice of equipment for the production of socks largely depends on what type of socks you will be making. Although there are multifunctional custom machines.

What equipment is needed

Now let's get to the main question. We will figure out which machines for the production of socks are needed. To date, there are many models with different functions. So, you will need:

Knitting hosiery machine, which is able to adjust to different types and thicknesses of thread.
Kettelny machine for production. The sock undergoes such an operation in this apparatus as closing the toe, since standard equipment does not do this. Such a machine can serve several knitting machines at once.
Forming apparatus. It performs a special action: pressing the warp. Such a machine irons and steams the product.
Machine for labeling finished products. It can be used to affix a label.
A device for making personalized embroidered patterns on a finished pair.

Sock production technology

This procedure is very simple and has several steps:

Formation of the basis of the future product.
Toe sewing.
Final shaping of the sock.
Steaming the finished product.
Labeling and packaging.

Features of the choice of equipment

Now consider how to buy equipment. The choice of equipment for the production of socks begins with determining the capacity of the line. The higher it is, the more products you can knit. Naturally, this parameter determines how many needles the machine has, which means what structure and pattern can be done, as well as how many pairs can be made in one go. Please note that one machine can only produce one of the socks: men's, women's or children's. Therefore, for full-scale business development, it is necessary to purchase 3 machines.

When choosing, you should remember about your own financial capabilities. For example, if you do not have enough funds, then you have the opportunity to rent or buy used equipment. Over time, you can replace it or add new hardware. If you decide to get high-quality equipment, try to buy it from a well-known manufacturer with a good reputation.

Naturally, during the selection, attention should be paid to the technical characteristics of the machines: the number of needles and threads that can be used simultaneously. In addition, an important feature is the speed of rotation of the cylinders, on which the number of products made per day depends.

And the choice of equipment for the production of socks involves taking into account the degree of automation of machines. Naturally, you can also purchase special machines for making tights. Of course, pay attention also to the presence of additional functions of the devices.

Now you know how to make the right choice of equipment for the production of socks. Good luck!

Socks are the subject of our wardrobe. The material used for their manufacture allows you to provide the foot with a comfortable state in any position. It is no secret that all people use such products. In this regard, consumer demand for these products is constant.

Organization of own business

In the event that you decide to organize your own business and produce socks, first of all, you should draw up a business plan. It will determine the type of products produced and the equipment that will have to be purchased.

The main difficulty that awaits you in this business is to overcome the competition that exists in the market. Many goods are currently imported into our country. The largest suppliers are China and Turkey. In order to introduce your own products to the domestic market, you will need an undeniable advantage of your product. They should be the high quality of the products sold.

State registration of mini-production will not cause difficulties. First of all, a suitable organizational and legal form of the enterprise is selected. After that, you should obtain permission from the fire department and other authorities.

The business plan for the production of socks should contain the range of goods that will be produced by your company. Many of those who are just starting their own business cannot immediately appreciate the full scale of this kind of activity. They are limited to the release of only one standard socks.

But it is worth remembering that the equipment purchased for the production line is capable of knitting leggings and stockings, headbands and many other types of products. According to statistics, such a business should pay off in one to two years. However, a lot here depends on you. Draw up an effective business plan for the production of socks, and your business will soon become financially independent.

Market Review

Today, Russia is a supplier of fifty to sixty percent of the total volume of socks that are sold on its domestic market. Many believe that it does not make sense to produce a product that China, India and other Asian countries produce in large quantities. However, it is not.

Yes, it is difficult to compete with foreign manufacturers, but only you can know what properties of the product a Russian buyer wants to see. As a result, it is possible to be sensitive to the change of season and fashion, as well as to set lower prices in the absence of import customs duties.

The business plan for the production of socks should describe the segment of the market in which you will build your business. It is worth remembering that climatic conditions in Russia are quite severe compared to other countries. In this regard, it is possible to start the production of woolen socks, because warm clothes are in high demand among our consumers.

When wisely organized business it is quite possible to become a leader in your region, and if you wish, there is a chance to rise to the international level. In addition, the socks business is highly profitable, which will allow you to receive a good income.

Purchase of equipment

The business plan for the production of socks should contain a section describing the machines necessary for knitting products. Currently, there is a variety of automatic and semi-automatic types of equipment. However, for a serious issue volume, only the first option should be considered.

Automatic knitting machines, in addition to productivity (power), differ in some specific parameters. Among them is the number of thread feeders. First of all, the color of products depends on them. So, for example, when knitting, four-, eight- or sixteen-color patterns can be reproduced. Automatic sock machines also differ in the number of needles, cylinder rotation speed, etc. The performance of such equipment and the quality of related products to a large extent depend on the manufacturer.

For example: an automatic sock knitting machine with medium technical parameters(SKM-1-6P, China), will cost two hundred and sixty thousand rubles. The Italian manufacturer will ask for approximately three hundred twenty-seven thousand rubles for similar equipment. The impressive price difference is due to the higher build quality and lower chance of breakage.

Kettle equipment

In addition to the knitting machine, you will need to purchase machines for socks. Such a machine is needed for sewing a toe. The cost of a kettle machine is approximately one hundred twenty-nine thousand rubles. The number of toe sewing machines should be equal to the number of knitting machines used in production.

Preparation of goods for sale

For molding, marking and packaging of socks, you will need a specialized semi-automatic molding machine. Such equipment, which has a capacity of three hundred socks per hour, will cost about three hundred thousand rubles.

A separate apparatus is engaged in marking and placing labels. Such a machine will cost thirty-eight thousand rubles.

Selection of product range

Socks that you plan to produce can be divided according to the method of manufacture into knitted and knitted. Depending on the machines used, products are produced without a seam (in this case, round stocking equipment is used). It is possible to arrange the production of socks on cotton (flat-stocking) machines and on flank flat machines.

When establishing the assortment list of your products, you will need to decide on the raw materials used in its production. It can be natural fabrics (linen or cotton). Natural fibers of animal origin (wool, silk) or synthetic threads (nylon, polypropylene, polyester, spandex, elastic, etc.) are perfect as raw materials. Often combined fabrics are used for knitting socks.

When determining the range of manufactured goods, it should be remembered that the most popular products are men's socks from twenty-five to thirty-one sizes. At the same time, buyers prefer products made from natural cotton yarn.

Implementation channels

Socks made of knitted threads are a product that enjoys a wide range of consumer demand. The sale of your products is possible through a network of retail stores and other points. Socks sell well in bulk.

Hypermarkets and knitwear stores will also buy such products. Interested in a similar product and wholesale warehouses, which will carry out its further resale.

Used in the production of tights capron(kapron fiber) is initially a white-transparent, very durable material. Its elasticity is much higher than the elasticity of silk thread. Strength kapron thread depends on strict observance of all technological parameters in its production: threads with a diameter of 0.1 mm can withstand 0.55 kg of weight. This material abroad has two more names: nylon and perlon.

Material Properties

Nylon fibers, in addition to high strength, are resistant to bending (multiple deformation) and abrasion. This material does not absorb moisture, so it does not lose strength when wet. Of the shortcomings noted low stability to the effects of acids and low heat resistance - when heated, the strength decreases, and at a temperature of 215 degrees melting occurs.

Product types

Modern major manufacturers pantyhose constantly improve and develop the level of production. The world's leading brands are constantly inventing new options: with patterns, mesh, openwork, color. SiSi tights are made in different versions: classic, fantasy, with longitudinal arrows. Italian products always different rich colors, excellent quality and stylish solutions. Various manufacturing companies today produce thin, ultra-thin products, products for everyday wear, warm, health-improving models, and others.

The process of making nylon tights

Today for production pantyhose only high quality polyamide threads (nylon 6.6) are used. It is more durable than other types of polyamide. Nylon is not characterized by a high degree of elasticity and is subjected to texturization and ironing during the manufacturing process. The production technology is a more complex production process than cotton or wool products and requires sufficient a large number various equipment.

Technological processes include several stages of processing: hosiery machines are used to knit two tubular blanks. It takes about two minutes to knit two blanks for a future product. At the next stage, sewing operations are performed on sewing equipment. Sewing machines with a flat seam function and overlocks are used. Then the product goes through the dyeing process on special dyeing equipment. For molding and packaging, molding equipment and packaging equipment are used.

Modern equipment - automatic machines make it possible to produce any assortment nylon products: traditional nylon, elastic, with lycra, mesh, colored and with various patterns. For the manufacture of models for medical purposes (slimming), Italian equipment is used - automatic machines Santoni Pendolina Medical. The productivity of modern pantyhose machines allows the production of classic models of about 400 pieces per day, fantasy versions of models - up to 300 pieces.

Basic equipment

For manufacturing, machines are used with needle-by-needle selection in each system (by means of a monomagnet). They can create a wide variety of loops with looping wedges controlled by a stepper motor. The machine is equipped with a system electronic control all functions, auto-protection and automatic diagnostics of all running processes. Required dimensions, articles, drawings, their location on the product is carried out using a programming computer with special software.