When can you transplant barberries in the fall. Barberry - planting and caring for ornamental shrubs

16.06.2019

This plant has many faces. Among its many species, one can find shrubs that are highly decorative, and certain types of plants have edible fruits of a sour taste. In 100 g of berries - 5 daily norms of vitamin C and 2.5 norms of vitamin A. An impenetrable hedge is obtained from this plant, and it is also a natural healer that saves from many diseases. All this is about barberry, planting and caring for which is not particularly difficult.

There are about 500 wild species and various varieties of barberry in nature. Many of them gave birth to cultivated varieties, and there are also many of them. When crossing different types plants were obtained, which are distinguished by a special decorative effect.

The most famous natural forms are the following:

Barberry common. An inhabitant of the southern regions of our country. It grows up to 2.5 m. Arcuate yellowish-brown shoots are covered with dark green ovate leaves and tripartite spines, reaching a length of 2 cm. At the end of spring, the bushes are covered with fragrant flowers collected in a brush. Edible bright red fruits over 1 cm long ripen in autumn. Their taste is sour and refreshing. There is also a red-leaved form - Atropurpurea, up to 2 meters high with orange-yellow flowers and dark red fruits. And also there is a variegated - Albovariegata.
Amur barberry. It comes from the Far East and also grows in China and Japan. A shrub up to 3.5 m high is decorated with long tassels of flowers in spring, and in autumn with shiny edible juicy red fruits that do not crumble for a long time.
Canadian barberry. In Russia, it is rare. A tall bush consists of shoots of dark purple color and is characterized by abundant fruiting.
Ottawa barberry. This is the result of a hybridization between the Thunberg barberry and the red-leaved form of the common barberry (Atropurpurea). The bush grows up to 2 meters. Yellow flowers have a reddish tint, and its fruits are dark red. One of the most famous varieties of this species is the Ottawa Superba barberry. It has very decorative dark red leaves and unusual red-yellow flowers. The variety is winter-hardy and almost not affected by diseases.
Barberry spherical. This is a fairly frost-resistant shrub native to the mountainous regions of Central Asia. It differs not only in leaves that are not characteristic of barberry, but also in spherical edible fruits of dark blue color.
Barberry Thunberg. Forms a low sprawling bush with small leaves and beautiful fruits with a bitter taste, unsuitable for food. This species is most suitable for decorating gardens and parks. Numerous varieties have been bred for this: Aurea and Bonanza Gold with yellow leaves, Red Chief with dark red leaves, Harlequin and Cornic with variegated foliage. One of the most famous is the barberry Thunberg Atropurpurea. Its bush up to 1.5 meters high is covered with purple-red foliage changing color to bright carmine in autumn. The real decoration of the plant are yellow flowers collected in brushes with red stains.

Planting shrubs in the garden

Most varieties of garden barberry are unpretentious, but still they have their own preferences and they must be taken into account when planting plants in the garden.

How and when to plant?

Planting time depends on which root system the seedling was purchased with - closed or open. In the first case, planting can be carried out throughout the growing season.

In the second, her time is limited to two terms:

in early spring, until the buds have yet blossomed, but the earth has already thawed;
in autumn at the time of leaf fall, but at this time planting is associated with the risk of freezing the plant in winter.

Since the rhizome of the barberry is creeping and located in the surface layers of the soil, they do not dig a large hole for it. Its diameter depends on the age of the bush.

For babies 2-3 years old, a hole 25 cm deep with the same diameter is enough.
For 5-7-year-old plants, it should be larger - about 50 cm deep and in diameter.
When using barberry bushes as a hedge, they are not limited to pits, but dig a trench 40 cm wide and deep for the entire length of the plantings.

But in any case, the reference point is the size of the root system of the seedling. She should not be cramped in the landing pit. It is necessary to prepare a place for barberry in advance so that the soil has time to settle, and there are no voids in it.

After a drainage layer of pebbles or broken bricks is laid at the bottom of the pit, it is filled with a soil mixture of the following composition:

humus or well-ripened compost - 1 part;
garden soil - 1 part;
sand - 1 part.

Each bush will need 200 g of ash and 100 g of superphosphate. The planting hole is flooded with water. If the seedling is grown in a container, before planting it, together with the container, is immersed in water for 20 minutes so that the earth ball is well saturated with water. For plants with an open root system, the soaking time is longer - from 2 to 3 hours, and it is good to add a root stimulator to the water. If the roots are not dry, the seedling can not be soaked, but sprinkle the root system with a root formation stimulator.

If several bushes are planted, when choosing a scheme for their placement, you need to remember that they grow strongly in width, so the distance between them should not be less than 1.5 m. The only exception is planting as a hedge - by 1 running meter plant 2 plants. It is very important not to deepen them when planting, the root collar should be slightly above the soil level.

Site and soil requirements

All barberries are drought-resistant plants, they do not need moist soil, so places with high standing ground water or flooded in the spring are not suitable for them.

They also require lighting. In the shade and even partial shade, the color intensity of the leaves decreases, and fruiting will be weak.

In nature, barberries most often grow on sand; in culture, they have not changed their preferences - they love light soil. Heavy soil with a high content of clay will have to be improved by adding sand. The reaction of the soil should be neutral or very close to it. Acidic soils must be limed.

barberry care

A properly planted bush does not require special care, but in order for it to show itself in all its glory, the gardener will have to take care of it.

Watering the plant

Only newly planted plants need weekly watering. When they have taken root, they should be watered only during drought and in extreme heat. The water must be heated in the sun. If, immediately after planting, the ground around the bush is mulched with chopped wood chips, bark or walnut shells, this will not only reduce watering to a minimum, but also stabilize the temperature regime of the soil, make it looser.

Top dressing and fertilizer

Natural species often grow on poor soils and feel great there. Garden forms are more demanding for nutrition. In the first year, the plant has enough of those nutrients that are laid down during planting.

Starting from the second year of life, the feeding scheme is as follows:

in spring - nitrogen fertilizers: 20 g of urea per 10 liters of water;
before flowering - a complete mineral fertilizer with trace elements (you can simply plant it in the soil, and then water the bushes);
in September, 10 g of potash and 15 g of phosphorus fertilizers are applied for each adult plant, embedding them in the soil.

pruning

This is the most difficult job in caring for this shrub. Numerous sharp spines can severely injure hands, so thick, better leather gloves are needed.

Sanitary pruning is done annually in the spring, removing all frozen and dried shoots.
For formation, the bushes are pruned only after flowering, as it occurs on last year's shoots.
A hedge of tall bushes begins to form in the second year after planting.

In adult specimens, annual pruning of annual and biennial branches is carried out by half or a third. Low-growing border varieties are usually not pruned.

Care in the fall, wintering

Winter is a tough test for newly planted bushes, especially if these are not too frost-resistant Thunberg barberries. Plants have been preparing for it since autumn. Timely autumn feeding and watering after leaf fall will help the barberry to better prepare for the winter. But this is not enough.

All young (and in Thunberg barberry and grown-up) plants need to be covered. Before shelter, they must undergo hardening with slight frosts, therefore, they begin the procedure with a persistent drop in temperature to -5 degrees and freezing of the soil to a depth of 3 cm. For this shrub, not only frosts are terrible, but also dampness, which creates a threat of decay, so shelter be dry air.

Small bushes are easy to cover with spruce branches and dry foliage, taking care of protection from mice. Barberry Thunberg is first wrapped in burlap or kraft paper, and wrapped with covering material on top, securing the shelter so that it does not turn around. At the base of the bush, you need to provide a space for ventilation. It is necessary to remove winter protection in the spring in time to give the bushes complete freedom for the growing season.

Reproduction of barberry

The barberry shrub reproduces both by the vegetative parts of the plant and by seeds.

The division of the bush is possible only in those forms that branch from its base. Usually divide the bushes at the age of 3-5 years. It is especially convenient to divide a plant if it is planted with some depth. Each division should have stems and part of the roots. For the procedure, a pruner is used.

Cuttings in some species of barberry do not take root well, but new plants will look like their parents. This good way get a lot of identical hedge plants at once.

Reproduction by cuttings

June cuttings, cut in morning hours. They are taken from the middle part of the green shoot of the current year. Lignified cuttings take root much worse.

The cutting should have 4 leaves and one internode. Its length is about 10 cm, and its thickness is about 0.5 cm. The cut at the top is horizontal, at the bottom - at an angle of 45 degrees.
The lower leaves are removed, the upper ones are shortened by half. The thorns are not removed.
The lower part of the cutting is treated with a root formation stimulator.
The cuttings are planted in a greenhouse with an arc height of about 20 cm. The soil is leafy, sprinkled with a layer of sand 4 cm thick, well moistened. Landing pattern: 5x7 cm, tilt angle - 45 degrees. Deepen them by 1 cm.
Conditions of detention: always moist soil, air humidity about 85%, frequent spraying. The use of an artificial fog installation increases the percentage of survival.

Cuttings overwinter in a greenhouse, plants are planted in a permanent place in 1-2 years.

At seed propagation most plants will not repeat their parents, with the exception of the common barberry Atropurpurea. Most of these seedlings will retain varietal characteristics. Seed germination is low - in different species from 20 to 40%.

seed propagation

The largest berries are freed from the pulp, washed and dried.
When sown in autumn on a seed bed, the seeds undergo a natural stratification. In winter, they are stratified in the refrigerator for 2 to 4 months, depending on the type of shrub. Sow in the spring in the garden.
Seedlings are thinned out in phase 2 of true leaves, but do not dive and do not transplant. They are moved to a permanent place only after 2 years.

The main problems in growing

If a suitable place for planting is initially chosen and it is done correctly, there should be no problems in growing. But in a cold rainy summer, the bushes can be affected by fungal diseases.

Pests, diseases and methods of dealing with them

There are not so many of them, but they can bring serious harm to the plant.

Powdery mildew. It appears in the form white plaque on all parts of the plant. Severely damaged leaves and stems are removed. The whole plant is treated with colloidal sulfur.
Rust. Characteristic orange spots appear on the leaves. Control measures - treatment with copper-containing preparations or colloidal sulfur.
Spotting. Spraying with copper oxychloride.
Bacteriosis. If the upper part of the plant is damaged, all diseased branches are cut off. If the base of the trunks is affected, the plant is uprooted and burned.
Barberry aphid. Spraying with soapy water.
Barberry sawfly and flower moth. Treatment with a solution of chlorophos 2% concentration.

Decorative use of shrubs

A wide variety of species and varieties of plants allows you to choose the right shrub for decorating a garden in any style. It is often used in landscaping. A bush with brightly colored foliage can become a tapeworm or fit into an existing plant composition. It will decorate a mixborder, and low specimens will be appropriate on an alpine hill. Barberries make an excellent hedge, either naturally or shaped by pruning, which this plant tolerates well.

Owners of suburban areas very often grow garden barberries. This plant is a wonderful decoration, and also has an unusual appearance. However, not everyone knows how to care for him. It is especially necessary to consider how to properly plant this unusual bush, at what time it is better to do it. Let's consider the issue in more detail.

Description of barberry

This plant belongs to the Berberidaceae family. Barberry has amazing healing properties. In folk medicine, its fruits, foliage and even bark are used. Africa is considered the birthplace of the tree. Later, the culture appeared in Europe, and from there it migrated to Russia.

Barberry seedlings are usually planted on suburban area in the spring, immediately after the ground has completely thawed. However, during this period of time it is quite difficult to make a correct landing, since it must be done before the opening of the plant's buds. That is why many people prefer to plant barberries in the fall, during this period there is no need to worry about strict time frames. As a rule, landing falls on massive leaf fall, so it is very difficult to miss the right time.

It should be borne in mind that the garden barberry is distinguished by its undemanding care, it feels good in dark places, on open areas and windward areas. This plant can not be hidden from drafts.

There are several types of barberry culture. Most often, gardeners prefer red barberry, which is famous for its purple color. Such plants look very impressive, look great in the illuminated areas of the garden.

As a rule, this plant feels much better in neutral soil. If the soil has a pH level of less than 7, then the barberry will also grow well. If a very acidic soil prevails in a suburban area, then a little lime must be added to it in order to normalize the balance of substances.

The soil

During the planting of barberry in the fall, despite the fact that the plant is unpretentious to the ground, it is worth preparing the ground for young seedlings. In this case, the pH, as already mentioned, should be of the order of 6-7 pH.

As a soil mixture, you can use sand, garden soil and humus. They should be mixed in equal proportions. In order to reduce the acidity of the soil, sprinkle it with wood ash in the amount of 200 grams under one bush. You can also use slaked lime. In this case, 300-400 grams is enough.

Autumn transplant

In this case, it is worth clarifying that no matter what time of the year the work is done (in spring or autumn), you need to pay attention to the roots of adult plants that are more than 4 years old. They are much worse than this procedure. To alleviate the condition of the barberry tree, it is best to transplant along with an earthen clod. Nevertheless, even thanks to these measures, the plant will get along in a new place for a very long time. Barberry takes up to 3 years to recover.

Features of autumn pruning of barberry

As a rule, this procedure is performed in spring and autumn. It is necessary in order to select thin, dry or damaged branches. For the winter it is better not to leave underdeveloped branches. The fact is that they will take away excess energy from the plant at a time when it needs additional energy.

Sanitary pruning

This procedure is recommended to be performed regularly. It is necessary for the plant to get rid of dry, diseased and thinned branches. Thanks to sanitization, it is possible to thin out the crown of the plant if it has thickened too much. This helps new sprouts to gain strength and properly form buds, which, in turn, also affects the flowering and fruiting power.

Sanitary pruning is necessarily done if the plant is sick. After the procedure, it is necessary to burn all the removed elements. Otherwise, the disease can not only hit the bush again, but also spread to other inhabitants of the suburban area.

Features of shelter for the winter

After you managed to plant the barberry, you need to take care of the plant before the onset of frost. This is especially necessary to do in the first 1-2 years after planting a thorny bush.

It is worth considering the climatic conditions of a particular region in which the barberry will grow. It is also necessary to pay attention to the characteristics of the variety, since some of them are characterized by reduced resistance to frost. If the plant is grown in a harsh climate, then it is best to plant it in a calm place.

How to plant barberry in the autumn?

As a rule, a thorny bush can be planted both as a single plant and forming a dense hedge from it. In the latter case, you will need to spend a lot of effort and care in order to create such an unusual living fence.

After a place has been chosen, it is necessary to dig an appropriate hole, make fertilizer. If we talk about the most favorable time, then planting barberries in the fall is recommended to be done until mid-October. However, everything again depends on the climatic features of a particular region. If the landing is made in the spring, then, as a rule, work must be done before mid-April.

If we talk about the very procedure of planting and transplanting young seedlings, then it is simple, regardless of whether it occurs in autumn or spring. First of all, you need to prepare an appropriate seat. Its size should be approximately 40 x 40 cm. 10 kg of humus or compost should be poured into the pit.

If the soil is too oxidized, then it is also recommended to add 500 grams of lime to the hole. At the next stage, the seedling of a young plant is placed in a planting hole and sprinkled with soil. After that, it must be carefully watered and mulched with peat or compost. At the final stage, it is necessary to cut off the top of the plant, leaving three to five developed branches.

When is barberry usually harvested?

The fruits of the plant are valued for their medicinal properties. If we talk about when to pick barberries, then it is worth noting that healthy berries ripen by the end of summer. Usually the collection is made at this time or at the beginning of September. They make juice, they can be dried.

Speaking about when to harvest barberries, it is also worth noting that the leaves are often removed from the bushes. Usually this procedure is carried out in mid-June. Immediately after this, experienced gardeners dry the collected foliage on fresh air and then put away for storage.

The bark of the plant also has useful properties. It is usually harvested before the onset of cold weather. To get the bark, it is best to dig up the roots and remove it from them. After that, the extracted pieces are strung on threads, dried in the fresh air.

Further care for young seedlings

Despite the fact that barberries are not very capricious, they do not require special treatment, you still need to carry out periodic work to improve them. As a rule, in order for the plant to feel good, it is enough to loosen after planting the barberry in the fall.

Experts recommend at least once a season to remove all weeds and weed the bush. Remember that barberry is very fond of pruning. If you remove all unnecessary, weak, diseased and dried branches, then on next year the barberry will fluff up even more. Periodically, it can be fed with fertilizers.

reproduction

In this case, you can act in several ways. If barberry is propagated by seeds, then it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that they are very hard, so it is difficult for seed material to germinate.

Seeds should be sown immediately after they are extracted from the berries. This procedure is carried out in mid-October. In this case, the seed material should not be buried much. It is enough to lay the seeds to a depth of 3 cm.

After planting, it is enough to mulch the soil with sawdust and cover with spruce branches. The last procedure is necessary to protect the seeds from rodents. When spring comes, all barricades are removed, and the bed is covered with a film and left until the seeds begin to fully grow. In the subsequent period, it is necessary to carefully monitor the sprouts, weed them and water them. After that, you can transplant young barberries to a new place. However, this can be done no earlier than in 2 years.

Some advise to reproduce by cuttings. To do this, you need to choose them correctly. It is best to choose cuttings around mid-June. Moreover, it is recommended to do this in the early morning.

The selected branches must be lowered into the prepared heteroauxin solution for several hours. After the finished material must be thoroughly rinsed with clean cool water and planted in a moist substrate.

It is also necessary to mix humus, sand and fertile soil in equal proportions. Then, using arcs, build a small structure that will resemble an impromptu greenhouse covered with a film. In this state, you need to leave the planted branches for about two weeks. After that, the film is gradually removed. Such cuttings can be transferred to a new place only after two years. The barberry tree is amazing. It decorates the summer cottage, so many gardeners tend to plant it in their yard. Beautiful red berries in combination with green foliage, which changes color with the onset of cold weather, look noble.

Finally

If the care of the plant is correct, it is easy to create the most unusual compositions in a suburban area. No wonder barberry is so loved landscape designers. Having created one in the garden, you can not worry about caring for it. Barberry does not require the use of caustic and dangerous fertilizers. The shrub grows well without them. It is enough to periodically inspect the plant, weed and loosen the soil.

Barberry is a wonderful ornamental shrub plant, which, depending on the variety, can have either edible or simply incredibly beautiful berries. It is often used in landscape design, in other words, it is planted as a highlight personal plot. How barberries are planted in spring and autumn, what a seedling should be like, what are the features of planting in different regions, you should know before planting.

When is the best time to plant barberries in spring or autumn?

Barberry is a heat-loving plant, it is recommended to plant it in sunny areas. The best time for landing young seedling- Spring. If it was not possible to plant a bush in the first warm months or a seedling would be bought only by autumn, then you should not pause and wait for the next spring, it is better to plant the seedling in open ground as soon as possible.

Attention! If the barberry is planted in the spring, it is recommended to be in time by the time the positive temperature on the street has already been established, but the buds on the plant have not yet blossomed.

If the shrub is planted a little later, then it will hurt for a long time, trying to develop the root system and take root completely. At the same time, the ground part will stretch from the seedling, growing leaves and new shoots. Therefore, it is recommended to observe the weather conditions and plant a young barberry seedling after the last return frost.

In autumn, barberry should be planted in September-early October, but so that the temperature is kept at +10 ... +15 C. This is necessary so that the young bush grows the root system and takes root completely before the onset of the first frost.

It is required to lay out mulch in the near-stem circle of the seedling to warm the root system, and after the snow falls, heat up a large snowdrift so that the young shrub does not feel cold during a strong drop in temperature.

According to the lunar calendar in 2019

It can help you choose the best date for planting seedlings Moon calendar.

So favorable days for planting barberry in 2019 according to the lunar calendar are:

in April - 11-17; 21-26.

Yes, this is not a mistake, it is recommended to plant seedlings of fruit and berry crops according to the Lunar calendar in spring only in April.

in September - 17-24, 30;
in October - 2-4, 12, 13, 21-25, 30, 31.

Of course, it is not always possible to get to the dacha exactly in auspicious days therefore, the main thing is not to land on unfavorable days.

Unfavorable days according to the lunar calendar for 2019 for planting barberry seedlings are the following dates:

in March - 6, 7, 21;
in April - 5, 19;
in May - 5, 19;
in June - 3, 4, 17;
in July - 2, 3, 17;
in August - 15, 16, 30, 31;
in September - 14, 15, 28, 29;
in October - 14, 28;
in November - 12, 13, 26, 27.

According to lunar calendar from the magazine "1000 tips for summer residents."

Advantages and disadvantages of planting in spring and autumn

Spring planting of barberry has more advantages than disadvantages. There are the following advantages for planting shrubs in the first months of the temperature increase in the new year:

The disadvantages of planting in the spring include increased air temperature, which, in the absence of proper watering, can provoke the drying of the root system and the death of the seedling. An unfavorable moment is the need to monitor climatic conditions. Experienced gardeners successfully cope with this task, and it is difficult for beginners to control the weather conditions and choose the best option for planting. In other words, there are no specific dates, so the landing should be done at your own peril and risk.

When planting a barberry bush in the fall, again, there is a chance of deepening at the wrong time. Therefore, you should also monitor the weather. The guideline is the complete fall of leaves from the shrub. Planting should be done in such a way that at least 30-45 days remain before the onset of the first cold weather, then rooting will be successful, and the plant will survive the winter cold favorably.

Inexperienced gardeners are advised to familiarize themselves with the rules for choosing planting material before buying and deepening barberry seedlings. In addition, it is required to select optimal location for planting, as well as properly prepare a place for planting. Several nuances must be taken into account both during the preparation of the bush for deepening, and during planting in the ground.

Varieties of barberry

There are several varieties and varieties of this shrub:

Naturally, in landscape design, as a rule, Thunberg barberry is used, which represents many varieties with different leaf colors and sizes.

Atropurpurea nana

The most popular varieties of Thunberg barberry are: Aurea (yellow, up to 80 cm), Atropurpurea nana (purple red, up to 50 cm), Admiration (red, up to 50 cm), Golden Ring (dark purple or red, over 1 meter) , Kobold (green, up to 40 cm), Red Carpet (red, over 1 meter), Coronita (purple-red, up to 1.5 meters).

Video: barberry varieties - top of the brightest shrubs

What should be a seedling

Determine how the seedling should look like, depending on its location and the functions that it will perform. If the barberry will be planted in a flower bed for decorative purposes, then it is better to purchase a plant of a compact size, less sprawling, for example, Thunberg's barberry.

Otherwise, if it is assumed that the shrub will become the highlight of the garden, then seedlings with long and spreading branches, for example, the common barberry, are ideal.

Attention! When buying a seedling, you need to pay attention not only to the appearance of the branches (they will still have to be partially cut anyway), but to the root system of the plant. It should be sufficiently developed, with a powerful main root and many additional adventitious roots.

The root system should be wet or damp, with slight damage to the upper layer of the root, a fresh cut, greenish or whitish, should be visible under the bark. If the dry part is visible when the root is damaged, such a seedling should not be taken.

It is best to purchase a plant in specialized stores, garden centers or nurseries. It is better if the root system is in a pot with earth, that is, it will be a seedling with a closed root system (ZKS).

Landing place

It is recommended to place a young barberry seedling in open sunny areas, protected from cold northern winds. If you plant a shrub in a shaded area of \u200b\u200bthe dacha, then many varieties in the shade will lose their decorative effect (only green varieties can grow in partial shade, but variegated ones, in other words, red and yellow, do not). The plant does not like soils with a close location of groundwater, from this the root system begins to mold, rot, and the bush dies.

Important! Barberry does not like stagnant water after snowmelt or heavy rainfall in spring. Therefore, the plant should be planted on slopes (preferably southern) or hills, and it is even better to make a drainage layer.

In order for the root system to develop well, you can plant the plant in a slightly shaded corner (in light penumbra) of the country garden, but in such a way that sunlight falls on the barberry in the morning and evening hours, and at midday it receives diffused light.

What can not be planted

Planting barberry is not recommended next to fruit trees such as pear, apple and plum. They draw all the nutrients from the soil, preventing the shrub from using mineral supplements. In addition, they greatly shade the plant, blocking the full development.

It is beautiful to plant a barberry next to the conifers.

You need to know that the barberry should not be planted next to the windows overlooking the garden. plant in in large numbers attracts various insects and midges, so if there is no desire to constantly keep the windows closed or drive annoying insects out of the room, then you need to choose another landing site.

At what distance

The distance from other plants should be calculated depending on the purpose for which the barberry is planted. If it is called for rooting in the singular, so to speak, as a highlight of a personal plot, then the shrub should be placed at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from other plants, although Thunberg's decorative barberry can be planted closer (especially dwarf varieties - 50-60 cm) than normal.

If you plan to make a hedge out of barberry, then the placement of the bushes should be done much closer and constantly carry out formative pruning to restrain plant growth. In this case, the distance between plantings should be about 0.5 meters, and the seedlings can be beautifully planted in a checkerboard pattern.

How deep to plant

When planting a young barberry seedling up to 3 years old, dig a planting hole up to 50 cm deep, the width should be identical.

If a sufficiently adult specimen (4-7 years old) is planted, then it is recommended to dig a recess that is significantly larger than the first option (2 times). The pit should be at least 90-100 cm deep and wide.

If you plan to plant shrubs for hedges, then a trench is first dug. Its depth should be at least 50 cm, and the width can vary from 40-50 cm.

What kind of soil is neededhow to fertilize before planting

Barberry prefers neutral soil. If the soil is acidic, it is recommended to deoxidize the soil in advance with slaked lime or wood ash.

If the soil is loamy or chernozem, then a small amount of peat should be added to the soil. Clarifying detail: peat provides not only nutrients, but also a kind of drainage for the shrub.

Humus, superphosphate, peat and garden soil (or 2 parts of soddy soil, 1 part of humus and 1 part of sand) should be added to the pit prepared in advance, and then be sure to mix thoroughly so as not to burn the roots of the plant with fertilizers. Drainage is required at the bottom of the recess or trench. The latter contributes normal growth plants, preventing the root system from rotting from stagnant water. Broken brick, small pebbles collected in the garden, or expanded clay are suitable for drainage.

Direct fit

Planting a barberry seedling should take place as follows:

In a pre-prepared pit (already with drainage), a little substrate should be poured.
Put a seedling on it, carefully straightening the roots (if it is in a pot, then just put it together with an earthen clod).
Cover the seedling with earth and lightly tamp.
Water abundantly and wait for the soil to shrink.
Top up the soil, make near-stem soil, water again.
Mulch with peat.
It is recommended to prune the bush, leaving only 4-5 good buds (although you can not do this either).

Video: how to plant a barberry

Care after landing

Caring for the plant after planting is quite easy. There are no special events. To keep the plant in comfortable conditions for growth, the following recommendations should be followed:

Important! You can read more about pruning and preparing (sheltering) barberry for winter.

Thus, caring for a barberry after planting, in most cases, does not make the gardener overly strain. Periodic control over the state of the bush allows you to grow a voluminous chic plant with many branches and a good harvest.

Video: barberry cultivation features - care, pruning, top dressing

Landing features in different regions

Landing in different regions implies different terms. It depends on climatic conditions and temperature conditions. In any place or region, you should optimally select a site on which the barberry will develop successfully.

In the Middle lane (Moscow region)

In the Moscow region, barberry is planted in April, as soon as the last snow has melted, and it has become sharply warmer. Later periods may entail a long period of acclimatization and rooting of the seedling in a new place.

In Siberia and the Urals

In the northern regions, all dates for planting barberries are postponed by more late deadline. This is due to climatic conditions, so landing is carried out only in June. In the autumn months, you should not plant a plant if you live in Siberia or the Urals because of the proximity of the first frosts. But when planting at the beginning of summer, the seedling has the opportunity to take root qualitatively.

Possible Landing Errors

What farmer doesn't make mistakes? Some of the most common mistakes that provoke plant diseases and long-term rooting of barberry are distinguished:

Wrong seedling- strong branching does not allow the plant to take root properly, therefore, part of the shoot should be eliminated, leaving small shoots.
Landing place- if a shaded area is selected, the plant will not develop properly.
Wrong timing- if you plant a seedling too early, then return frosts will freeze young plant, which will provoke either his illness or death. In case of late rooting, the plant cannot contain ground part and develop roots.

Thus, barberry does not require special efforts when landing. The main thing is to follow the rules for choosing a seedling, the time and place of its planting. And after planting, one should not forget about caring for a young seedling.

Video: features of growing and caring for Thunberg barberry

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In most varieties of the barberry plant, it is easy to notice signs of decorativeness with the naked eye, so they are often used as hedges, and dwarf species for decorating borders. There are 175 species in the genus, growing mainly in the mountains in the north.

Varieties and types

Most common in floriculture barberry Thunberg originating from China and Japan. This is a shrub reaching a height of 1 meter, with dense stems spread out in diameter by 1.5 meters. Characteristic spines cover yellow at an early age, then brownish and purplish-brown stems and can grow up to 1 cm in length. The leaves are bright, rather small (up to 3 cm in length), green in color, acquiring a reddish or purple hue in autumn.

This barberry blooms annually, starting from the last days of spring. Inflorescences are formed by yellowish-red flowers of 2-4 pieces. Beautiful coral-red berries can hang on a bush all winter, they are not suitable for human consumption, which birds use with pleasure.

This species easily tolerates drought, has no special requirements for the soil and practically does not suffer from pests, which is not typical, for example, for the common barberry. At the same time, it can be easily trimmed.

With such merits, it is not surprising that there are more than fifty the most interesting varieties barberry Thunberg, different in foliage color, size, shape and resistance to frost:

Under a meter high, with a round crown, yellow (in the summer months) or yellow-orange (in the autumn) leaves, flowers up to 1 cm in diameter, yellow on the inside and reddish on the outside, a little frosty, and therefore it needs to be covered from the cold in the first 2-3 years;

- similar to the previous variety, with bright yellow leaves with a thin dark red edging.

Variety barberry bagatelle with a darkened brownish-red leaf color (variegated red - in autumn period), a flat-spherical crown, a little less than half a meter high, in need of shelter from the cold;

With narrow leaves of a dark red color, wide (up to 2.5 meters in diameter) crown, yellow flowers, pinkish and red berries, freezing only at 1 year of age;

- up to one and a half meters in height, with dark purple foliage with a light green border, red flowers, coral-red berries, hanging on a bush for a long time, in need of shelter from the cold;

Variety Barberry Coronita - similar to the previous variety, but with smaller pointed leaves;

With a thin greenish border on a dark brown leaf;

With brownish-red foliage, columnar crown, pinkish-red round leaves in young years and red later, about 1.3 meters tall;

It has a mosaic color of foliage (bright purple with bronze-red and grayish-pink stains in youth and darkish pink or purple-red with gray spots in older years), reaches a height of 1.7 meters, is replete with yellow flowers, requires shelter ;

Variety barberry harlequin 1.3 meters high, with red, dotted with white and gray stains (which are more in comparison with the previous variety), sheets that require shelter;

- a very elegant variety with small light green leaves (purple in autumn), a narrow oval crown up to 1 meter high, with branches directed to the top, richly blooming in light yellow hues;

Dwarf variety with small green leaves (orange-yellow in autumn), about half a meter high;

- bred in Holland, with a cushion-shaped crown, up to 1 meter in height, with roundish small leaves up to 2 cm in length, light green in the summer months and orange-yellow in autumn, blooming from the end of May with a yellowish-red tint frost-resistant down to -28.8°C;

- dwarf variety up to 70 cm in height, with reddish-orange leaves, quite hardy;

Variety barberry tini gold - is also a dwarf plant up to half a meter in height and up to 1 meter in width, with a crown in the form of a ball, yellowish-golden leaves (yellowish-orange in autumn), blooming at the transition of spring to summer in yellow and red shades.

Can be found in the forest-steppe of Russia, in the Crimea, in the Caucasus. It has a height of about 2.5 meters with brownish-yellow stems covered with 2-centimeter spines. Its foliage is dark green, forming small bunches. It blooms in the first summer days with tassels with yellow gleaming flowers exuding an interesting smell.

With the onset of autumn, the foliage begins to turn yellow. The berries of this species, unlike the Thunberg barberry, are completely edible - refreshing, sour in taste. Common barberry is characterized by good resistance to winter cold, drought and dust, as well as low requirements for soil (preferably light and limed).

Despite the fact that a shaded area is quite suitable for a shrub, it will bear fruit abundantly only in good light conditions. Not afraid of pruning. The main disadvantage of this species is susceptibility to fungal attack, which is most often manifested if the summer turned out to be damp and cold.

A very popular variety of common barberry in floriculture is considered atropurpurea with red foliage and height up to 2 meters. The flowers of this variety are yellowish-orange, and the berries are dark red.

A hybrid of the Thunberg barberry and the common Atropurpurea. It has a height of up to 2 meters. The foliage is dark purple in summer and turns red in autumn. The flowers, painted reddish-yellow, form tufts of 8-10 pieces, blooming in the last days of May. Berries are dark red. In addition to the fact that this species is unpretentious and frost-resistant, it also copes well with pruning, drought and is practically not subject to diseases.

Distributed in rocky areas of China, Japan and Primorye. Outwardly, it is very similar to the common barberry, but reaches as much as 3.5 meters in height, with grayish-yellow stems dotted with 2-centimeter spines. The foliage is relatively large (up to 8 cm long), shiny, has teeth on the edges, bright green in spring, yellow or red in autumn.

Flowering occurs at the end of May and is characterized by the appearance of elongated inflorescences in the form of brushes up to 10 cm in length, formed from 10-25 yellow scented flowers. Sour berries of this species can also be eaten, red, up to 1 cm in diameter, can be stored on a bush for a long time. Not whimsical to the soil, resistant to winter, drought and pests, especially powdery mildew.

Barberry planting and care

Many species and varieties of barberry are very fond of light. It is with this feature in mind that it is recommended to choose a sunny site for planting.

Container barberries with closed roots do an excellent job of transplanting at any time, while specimens with bare roots prefer early spring for planting - while the buds have not yet opened, or autumn - during the leaf fall period.

With single plantings, it is advantageous to place the bushes at a distance of about 2 meters from the rest of the vegetation and among themselves. To make a barberry hedge, it is recommended to plant plants at 2-4 bushes per meter.

Watering the barberry

Barberries do not react well to waterlogging of the soil and water them very rarely - only during planting and until the bush takes root.

After the soil is sufficiently stably loosened to saturate it with oxygen.

Soil for barberry

The required soil pH at the time of planting is 6-7.5. Sand, garden soil and humus are suitable for the soil mixture in equal proportions.

Acidic soil should first be limed using wood ash (200 g per bush) or slaked lime (300-400 g).

How to feed barberry

In the spring, when the barberry is 2 years old, it needs to be fed with nitrogen fertilizers. An excellent option is urea - in proportions of 20-30 g per 10 liters of water.

Barberry transplant in autumn

As for transplantation, both for the beginning of spring and in autumn, it should be noted that the roots of age-related (more than 3-4 years old) barberries can hardly withstand transplantation without an earthen clod, slowly getting along in a new place and recovering fully only after 1-3 years .

Pruning barberry in autumn

Pruning is done in spring and autumn. For this purpose, thin, dry, diseased twigs, underdeveloped and frozen stems during the winter are selected. It is best to prune with thick gloves, because the bush will prick.

The plant is well suited for forming pruning, giving it the appearance of a ball or other geometric figure.

Barberry shelter for the winter

In the first 2-3 years from the moment of planting, it is better to cover the barberry for winter with dry leaves and spruce branches, in the future - to do this if necessary, taking into account the climate and the winter hardiness of the planted varieties.

In a harsh climate with a high risk of freezing, it is better to plant the bushes in a place that is not windy and, at the same time, mulch the near-stem circles to warm the roots.

Barberry from seeds

For propagation by seeds, freshly harvested fruits must be squeezed out, sifted with a sieve, washed, dried a little to a state of flowability. Further, it is preferable to sow in shallow grooves (up to 1 cm).

Before sowing in spring, stratification should last 2-5 months at temperatures of 2-5°C. The soil must be loosened, the landing site must be open and adequately lit. After the appearance of 2 leaves, the seedlings need to be threaded, maintaining a distance of at least 3 cm.

Reproduction of barberry

Barberries are not difficult to propagate using green cuttings. The hardest thing is through the ordinary division of the bush. In the latter case, the bush is completely dug up and cut in two.

Diseases and pests

Since certain varieties of barberry are quite often affected by pests, it is recommended to periodically inspect the bushes and spray them with soapy water (300 grams of soap per 10 liters of water) and chlorophos (0.3%).

To prevent diseases caused by rust and powdery mildew at the beginning of the growing season, prevention is carried out by spraying with solutions of colloidal sulfur (1-1.5%) and Bordeaux liquid (1%). Having found an infection, one should resort to the help of fungicides (Abiga-Peak and the like).

Barberry useful properties and contraindications

Beautiful appearance barberry is combined with the healing power, which was known in ancient greece, Tibetan monasteries and in Russia. Barberry fruits have antipyretic, antimicrobial and blood-slowing effects and remove toxins.

However, the ability to stimulate muscle activity makes them contraindicated for pregnant women due to the threat of miscarriage. When taking sedatives, you should also be careful about the use of barberry - the sedative effect of them is very strong. Unripe barberry berries are poisonous!

Barberry jam

To prepare barberry jam, you will need a kilogram of berries, a liter of water and 2 kg of brown sugar.

The berries are sorted, washed and their stalks are removed. Then pour heated water and defend overnight at room temperature. The resulting juice is poured into a vessel, you can separate the bones from the berries.

For sugar syrup, boil water in a large saucepan, then lower the heat and add sugar. Stir the water so that the sugar is completely dissolved, and you can add the barberry. Next, cook over low heat for about 40 minutes, stirring occasionally.

The jam is ready when the berries become soft and the mass reaches a thick state. Jam is poured into sterilized jars, rolled up and turned upside down, allowing them to cool completely.

Barberry is a very picturesque plant. There are forms with green, purple and variegated leaves that fit wonderfully into joint plantings with deciduous and coniferous trees and shrubs. In landscape design, this property of barberry is widely used. Its berries are edible and useful. Young leaves can be added to salads. In folk medicine, barberry has long been known and widely used.

Barberry - let's get acquainted

The barberry family unites several hundred species of trees and shrubs. Deciduous and evergreen forms are known. In the wild, this plant is found on almost all continents.

Barberry is found on almost all continents

Prefers a warm climate, but can tolerate moderate frosts. In severe cold requires shelter. The plant is prickly, the fruits are small, edible. In culture, common barberry or Thunberg barberry is grown, less often Amur, Canadian (Ottawa) and Korean.

The great decorativeness of the plant is popular in landscape design and is widely used. This is facilitated by a huge selection - from dwarf forms (30 cm) to giants (3 m), with a spherical, columnar and spreading crown. Barberry gets along well with various plants and does not seek to capture the territory, as it does not have root growth. Drought tolerant, shade tolerant, unpretentious.

There is a small drawback - thorns. But it can be made a virtue: a barberry hedge will become an insurmountable obstacle for uninvited guests and a beautiful frame for your site.

The maximum decorative effect of the plant falls on the age of 7–8 years. Can live up to 50 years good care bears fruit up to 35-40 years. Blooms in May, about 3 weeks. Good honey plant.

Barberry looks spectacular in joint plantings

Landing and care

Barberry grows in sun and partial shade. If you decide to plant a plant with variegated or bright foliage, then this should be a well-lit place. In the shade, the decorative effect is lost, the leaves become paler or turn green. Landing is carried out in early spring, before bud break. If the plant has a closed root system, then you can plant it in the fall, in September or in the first half of October (at least a month before the onset of frost). Barberry can grow on almost any soil, even sandy and rocky, but not acidic. Stagnation of moisture depresses him.

The landing pit is prepared 2 weeks before planting. Its size is 40x40x40 cm.

Pit preparation:

When planting several bushes side by side, you need to take into account their adult size and leave the required distance. If you decide to arrange a hedge, then you need to dig a trench of the required length. Plants are planted at a distance of 0.5 m from each other. For a two-row hedge, bushes are planted in a checkerboard pattern.

A few years after planting, the barberry hedge will be impenetrable

When planting, the roots are carefully straightened, covered with earth so that the root collar is at the level of the soil. The shoots are cut, leaving 3-5 buds, the plant is watered and mulched.

Watering and fertilizing

Barberry tolerates a lack of moisture better than its excess. In rainy weather, an adult plant has enough rainfall. In the heat, you need a bucket of water per bush 1 time in 2 weeks. A newly planted barberry is watered 1-2 times a week until it takes root. Then - as needed.

For the first 2–3 years, the fertilizers applied during planting are enough for the plants. Further, for ornamental shrubs, urea is applied in spring (dissolve 30 g in 10 liters of water) 1 time in 3 years. If the plant is berry, then, in addition to urea, every year after flowering it is fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers (according to the instructions).

Preparing for the cold

In winter, young plants (the first 3–5 years) require shelter, regardless of the frost resistance of the variety. If winters are mild in your region, then the barberry will endure this period well. At severe frosts, especially in Siberia or the Urals, adult plants also cover. To do this, they make a semblance of a hut from branches and spruce branches and additionally throw snow.

The first 3–5 years, the barberry needs shelter for the winter

pruning

Sanitary pruning is required annually in spring and autumn. Remove broken, dry and diseased branches. If the barberry is planted for decorative purposes, then they begin to form it from the second year after planting. All types of plants tolerate shearing well, and to maintain a given shape, the bush is pruned at the beginning and end of summer every year.

Proper bush formation requires annual pruning.

Dwarf species of barberry, as a rule, have a dense compact crown and can do without formative pruning. They look great in curb plantings and on alpine slides.

Dwarf forms of barberry do not need shaping pruning

reproduction

Barberry reproduces well with the help of seeds, cuttings and layering. Good results are obtained by dividing the bush.

Barberry breeding methods:

Seeds. To get seeds ripe berries crushed, washed and dried. Sow in the fall, immediately into the ground to a depth of 1 cm. The place is chosen so that the seedlings can grow there for 2 years. Then they are transplanted to a permanent place. In the spring, after germination, they are thinned out, leaving a distance of about 3 cm. Care consists in regular watering, loosening the soil and removing weeds. For the winter, shelter beds are required.
When propagated by seeds of some varieties, seedlings may not retain parental characteristics.

To obtain seeds, ripe berries are crushed, washed and dried.
The cuttings are rooted in the summer in a special greenhouse, where they will grow for 2 years. In June, shoots of the current year are cut about 15 cm long. All leaves are removed in the lower part, treated with a root formation stimulator. The upper leaves are cut in half. Planted in a mixture of humus, peat and sod land with sand. The cuttings are buried by 2/3 of the length, watered and covered. Periodically it is necessary to ventilate and humidify.
Cuttings are part of the shoots of the current year, about 15 cm long
To root the layering in the spring, they bend down, fix and sprinkle with earth the branches located close to the ground. The following year, early in the spring, the shoot is separated with secateurs and transplanted to another place for growing for another year. Then they are transferred to a permanent place.
To root the layering in the spring, they bend, fix and sprinkle with earth the branches located close to the ground.
For dividing the bush, you can use a plant no older than 5 years. Only low-growing varieties are propagated in this way. Before bud break, the plant is dug up and divided with secateurs or a knife. The cut is treated with crushed charcoal and planted.
When dividing a bush, each part should have 2-3 shoots

Diseases and pests

Barberry has few pests. Aphids appear on young shoots and leaves. You can quickly notice it. The leaves begin to curl. To destroy the pest, you can use Inta-Vir, Actellik preparations. If there are few aphids, a soapy solution will come in handy (3 tbsp. Dishwashing liquid per 1 liter of water). In addition, the plant can be affected by the flower moth (spoils the berries) and the sawfly. To destroy them, drugs are used:

Aktara,
Karate,
Karbofos.

All products are prepared strictly according to the instructions.

Moth caterpillar - one of the barberry pests

Barberry is rarely affected by fungal diseases.

Table: how to deal with barberry diseases

Disease	signs	Control measures
powdery mildew	Whitish spots appear on the leaves and shoots, which grow and merge. The plant appears to be covered in flour.	Affected branches are cut and burned. Treat with any fungicide or colloidal sulfur solution.
Rust	Red spots appear on the leaves. Increasing, they can hit the shoots.	Affected shoots are cut and burned. Treat with any fungicide.
bacterial cancer	Cracks and growths appear on the branches and trunks.	Affected shoots are cut and burned. V advanced cases uproot the entire bush. Treat with any fungicide.

To prevent diseases, the plants and the soil under it are treated three times with Bordeaux liquid. The treatment interval is 1 time in 3 weeks.

Types and varieties of barberry

Of all the species, the most decorative Thunberg barberry. Dwarf plants from 30 cm with red, yellow, green and variegated foliage - that's all. Its fruits are unsuitable for food, very bitter.

Green Carpet. Low shrub up to 1 m high with a spreading crown. Dense foliage, light green in summer, turns bright orange, yellow and red in autumn. Flowers are pale greenish. Light-requiring, but tolerates light shade. It is drought-resistant, frost-resistant, resistant to diseases and pests. Young plants up to 2–3 years old need shelter in winter; in Siberia, the Urals and northeast Russia, this is done up to 5 years.
In autumn, the barberry bush Green Carpet becomes like a colorful blanket
Admireshin. Shrub with a lush crown and beautiful red leaves with bright yellow edging. The flowers are pale pink, bloom in late May. The berries are dark red. The plant is very decorative, tolerates shaping well. Unpretentious in care, frost-resistant, easily tolerates lack of moisture. The variety is resistant to diseases and pests.
Barberry Admireyshin has beautiful leaves with golden edging
Erekta. Dwarf variety (up to 0.5 m). The crown is pyramidal. The leaves are green. Frost and drought resistant. Unpretentious. Rarely affected by disease.
The Erekta variety is rarely affected by diseases.
Golden ring. Bush of medium size. Leaves have golden edging. Undemanding in care.
Carmen. The leaves are blood red. The plant reaches a height of 1 m in 10 years. In the shade loses the brightness of the leaves. Resistant to frost and gas contamination.
Foliage barberry Carmen attracts attention
Golden Rocket. Height up to 1.5 m. It grows slowly. The maximum height reaches 10 years. Leaves yellow- Green colour.
Natasha. Compact spherical shrub. The leaves are green with white-pink spots. Frost resistance up to -35 ° C. In the shade it loses its color brightness. The fruits are decorative, but not used for food.
The coloring of barberry leaves Natasha is unusual and attractive
Orange Rocket. Columnar shrub up to 1 m high. Crown diameter 0.5 m. It grows slowly. Frost and drought resistant. The leaves are small, yellow-orange, turning bright red in autumn. In the shade, the foliage loses its brightness.
Pink glow. Tall, up to 2 m, spreading shrub. The leaves are purple with white and pink spots. Frost resistance up to -35 o C.
Variety Pink Light lives up to its name
Helmut Pillar. Columnar (up to 1.5 m) shrub. The leaves are small, dark red, turning green in the shade. Frost-resistant. Drought resistant. Handles haircut well. Unpretentious.
Harlequin. Shrub 1.5–2 m high and a crown width of about 2 m. Purple leaves with white spots turn amber-golden in autumn. Handles haircut well. Used for joint landings as a bright accent. Frost-resistant. Shelter for the winter is necessary only for young plants, when grown in a harsh climate. Drought tolerant. Rarely affected by disease.
Variegated leaves of barberry Harlequin are very beautiful
Auria. Shrub about 80 cm high. Leaves turn yellow-orange in autumn. It blooms in May, covered with yellow fragrant tassels. The fruits are red, ripen in autumn and remain on the branches for a long time. Drought tolerant. Rarely affected by disease. Frost-resistant. When grown in the shade, the leaves lose their brightness and turn green.
The yellow foliage of the Auria barberry is combined with the greenery of coniferous trees.
Kobold. Dwarf shrub only 40 cm tall and dense spherical crown about 50 cm in diameter. Leaves are yellow-green in summer, yellow-crimson in autumn, can grow in light shade. In May, beautiful yellow-red flowers open for several weeks. Frost and drought resistant. Rarely affected by disease.
The size of the Kobold barberry is suitable for an alpine slide
Bagatelle. Another dwarf variety. An adult plant with a height of only 30 cm has a dense crown with a diameter of about 60 cm. The foliage is red-brown in summer and dark red in autumn. Bagatelle goes well with other plants in park compositions. Grows slowly. Frost and drought resistant. Rarely sick.
Bagatelle goes well with other plants in park compositions.

The Tibetan barberry used to be known in Russia as Dereza vulgaris. The healing properties of its berries have long been known and widely used in folk medicine. One of the most famous species is Goji Shambhala. This is a sprawling bush up to 3 m high. It blooms from June to October, at the same time berries ripen. Unpretentious in care. It grows on any soil, except for marshy ones. Prefers sunny places, but will grow and bear fruit in the shade. Frost and drought resistant. Very prickly. Handles haircut well.

Shambhala goji fruits look like small peppers

Red-leaved varieties of Canadian (or Ottawa) barberry are not very common in Russia. The leaves have a color from dark purple to bluish-red, which goes well with greenery in parks and squares. He tolerates a haircut well. The height of adult plants is from 1.5 to 3 m. It grows rapidly. Tolerates frosts down to -35 o C. When grown in the southern regions and central Russia, it does not require shelter. In Siberia and the Urals, it grows well with warming in the winter.

A popular variety of Canadian barberry is Superba. Tall, fast-growing shrub up to 2.5 m. The leaves are almost purple turn purple in summer and autumn. Unpretentious. In May, yellow-red flowers appear, collected in a brush. The fruits are bright red and ripen in October. Annual shoots grow up to 35 cm per season. It is drought- and frost-resistant. Little affected by disease.

Barberry Superba has purple leaves

In addition to it, such varieties of Canadian (Ottawa) barberry have excellent decorative qualities, such as:

Auricoma,
Atropurpuria,
Silver Miles.

Amur barberry grows in the wild in the Far East, China and Japan. This is a tall, up to 3 m, shrub with a slightly branched spreading crown. The berries are edible. Bright green in summer, turning golden red in autumn. The flowers are light yellow and very fragrant. Rust resistant. In Siberia, it can grow without shelter. Tolerates lack of moisture. Undemanding in care.

The flowering plant of the Amur barberry is fragrant and beautiful

Evergreen (or ordinary) barberry is a fairly large shrub up to 2 m high, and about the same in diameter. This is a slow growing species. The leaves are narrow and long (up to 10 cm), bright green above and bluish-green below. Frost-resistant. Disease resistant. The leaves stay on the branches all winter and fall off when they begin to grow back in the spring. Handles haircut well. Resistant to gas contamination of the urban atmosphere.

The common barberry has plants with an unusual fruit color. In the Alba variety they are white, while in the Lutea variety they are pale yellow.

The black barberry actually has green-colored leaves that turn bright red in autumn, and bronze in color after frost. And they call it that because of the dark blue, almost black, berries. This is a warty barberry. His homeland is Western China. Grows slowly. The height of an adult plant is 1–1.5 m. It withstands frosts down to -30 ° C. Drought-resistant. Handles haircut well.

The warty barberry has dark blue berries with a waxy coating.

Barberry as a houseplant

For growing at home, dwarf varieties of barberry Thunberg are suitable:

Bagatelle,
Erekta,
kobold,
Natasha.

Since the species tolerates pruning well, the shape of the crown and the height of the plant can be easily adjusted. Barberry in the apartment will give you no more trouble than any indoor plant. Growing miniature trees as an art originated in Japan many centuries ago. This is a well-known bonsai. For this, coniferous and deciduous plants are used, which in nature may not be small. Barberry is ideal for creating bonsai. It tolerates pruning well and is very flexible in creating such compositions.

Barberry makes amazing miniatures

Features of caring for homemade barberry:

Landing is carried out in a mixture of coarse sand, soddy soil and compost (2: 2: 1). At the bottom of the pot, be sure to pour a layer of stones or expanded clay. When planting, cut the roots a little and shorten the shoots by 2/3.
Watered as needed. In spring and summer, frequent irrigation has a beneficial effect on the plant, especially on hot days. In autumn and winter, the frequency of watering is reduced. Since the air in the apartment is very dry during the heating season, periodic spraying from a spray bottle is useful for the plant, but not during flowering.
For top dressing, use any organic fertilizer in the form of powder or granules (according to instructions) once a month from May to September.
When pruning, the cut quickly becomes indistinguishable in color from the bark and does not require additional processing.
Barberry can grow in a sunny window and in a shaded room, but in order for the variegated varieties not to lose their brightness, the plant needs good lighting and additional lighting in winter.
In summer, the plant will feel good on an open balcony.
Diseases and pests in indoor barberry are the same as in nature, and the same drugs are used to combat them.

Dwarf varieties of barberry can be grown in a container (for placement on terraces). Planting and caring for such a plant is no different from growing in a garden or in an apartment.

Features of cultivation in the regions

Barberry can grow in various climatic conditions. In the southern regions, it easily tolerates drought. Mild winters do not require high frost resistance. The plant puts up with the gas content of urban air, which allows it to be widely used for landscaping parks. The warm climate makes it possible to choose almost any type and variety of barberry for planting.

In central Russia, for cultivation, it is better to opt for plants with frost resistance of at least -20 ° C. This requirement is met by:

most varieties of barberry Thunberg,
Canadian,
amur,
warty.

Barberry with frost resistance up to -20–25 ° C is suitable for the Moscow region. You can choose varieties:

Canadian (Ottawa) - Superba,
ordinary - Alba variegata,
barberry Thunberg:
- Harlequin,
- Green Carpet,
- Carmen and others.

Since soils in the Moscow region are often with high groundwater, a device is required when planting good drainage(or seedlings need to be placed on a hill or hillside). Young plants for the first 3-5 years must be covered for the winter. In the Golden Rocket variety, it is recommended to tie the crown or wrap it with a net for the winter, since it can fall apart during heavy snowfalls. During humid, cool summers, possible fungal diseases so prevention is The best way do not allow them.

In Siberia, varieties with high frost resistance are most suitable for cultivation:

canadian barberry,
amur,
ordinary,
warty.

They are adapted to harsh conditions and tolerate frost well with a lot of snow. For these plants, shelter is needed in the first 3-5 years. Barberry Thunberg can also be grown in this region, but with mandatory shelter for the winter, not only young, but also adult plants. In this case, dwarf varieties are suitable for the Siberian climate. As an option, it is possible to grow plants in a container, with wintering in a greenhouse or a room where the temperature will not be very low.