If you have decided to put a film greenhouse on your site, you will face two tasks: what to make the frame from and how to cover the greenhouse with film. The solution of the second problem is directly related to the first, so the material for the construction of the frame, as well as its shape, must be chosen based on this.
The easiest way is to fix the film on a wooden base. Therefore, the most common in country and household plots are just such designs, but you should not exclude other materials - plastic and metal, the main advantage of which is durability.
First you need to decide on the purpose of the greenhouse, the timing of its use. The choice of film depends on this.
If you plan to use shelter all year round or from the earliest spring to late autumn, the film for covering the greenhouse must be strong and durable, withstand temperature changes and the weight of the snow cover. In this case, it is recommended to use .
For spring shelters designed to protect young plants from frost and bad weather, you can use a simpler material, the price of which is adequate for a one-time use.
Material calculation
The required amount of film is easy to determine knowing its width in a roll. To do this, the length of the frame is measured and the resulting figure is divided by the width of the material - the number of canvases required for shelter comes out.
In this case, it must be taken into account that the canvases are overlapped on the frame.
Note. Film in a roll can be wound in one or two layers. In the second case, it is a sleeve that can be cut along the fold and get a canvas twice as wide.
The length of each web is determined by the length of the arc (for arched structures) or the sum of the lengths of all sides in cross section (for structures with pitched roof) plus 10% for fixing around the perimeter.
Multiplying the required number of canvases by their length, we get the final figure - how many meters of film you need in total to cover the greenhouse from above. But, since it is also necessary to cover the greenhouse with a film from the ends, we calculate their area and add it to the resulting amount.
Rules for the installation of film greenhouses
In order not to redo the work twice, follow these recommendations:
- Do not pre-cut the film to length. Throw the roll from one side to the other. Then stretch, add 20-25 cm on each side to the mount, after which you can cut it off.
- Cut all the sheets in the same way. Lay them on the flat surface and glue on both sides with transparent tape.
Advice. In order for the adhesive tape to fix the joints well, the film for covering greenhouses must be clean, without traces of dust, and it is desirable to degrease its edges.
- When cutting out details for the ends, leave overlaps on all sides.
- So that the film does not subsequently sag, you should not fix it at low air temperatures. On the other hand, if you do it in extreme heat, then when it gets cold from tension, it can break.
Choose for this moderately warm weather without strong winds.
The result of overstretching
- To make the film last longer, cover the greenhouse shortly before planting plants in it. And so that the earth in it has time to warm up, at the place of its installation, you can spread a black film, pressing it well around the perimeter.
After completing all preparatory work you can proceed directly to fixing the greenhouse (see). You will learn how to do this by watching the video or by reading the next chapter.
Methods of fastening to the frame
Some modern covering materials are strong enough that they can be sewn together without fear of tearing along the seam. Of these, according to the measurements taken from the frame, you can sew a removable cover with your own hands, which will remain fixed only along the bottom.
Usually, for this, an overlap is left on the ground, which is pressed down with a beam or covered with soil. The embankment should have a slope from the walls of the greenhouse to drain rainwater.
Close the frame
If you use, there may be several options for attaching it to the frame. But first, the finished canvas, glued along the length of the frame, is thrown over the greenhouse and pulled well.
The edges of the canvas should hang down at the ends on both sides. Along one of the long sides, a strong rail or beam is laid on the edge, carefully wrapped around and attached to the base of the frame with self-tapping screws or nails.
Advice. If the beam is heavy enough, and the coating must be removable, it is not necessary to fasten it. You can also sprinkle with earth to eliminate cracks.
In order to do the same on the other side, you will need an assistant, since it is difficult to cover the greenhouse with a film yourself - you need to stretch it evenly. After that, it remains to sheathe the doors and vents, close the ends and connect the joints with adhesive tape.
We strengthen
The method of fastening depends on the material of the frame:
- To the wooden frame, the coating is fixed with nails or self-tapping screws through thin slats or staples through felt, plastic packing tape, a strip cut from old linoleum;
- to plastic or metal pipes the film is fastened with special clips of a suitable diameter, which can be bought at a store or made independently from scraps;
- Alternatively, the coating can not be attached to the frame at all, but a mesh or twine can be pulled over it. The main thing is to fix it well down the perimeter of the greenhouse.
Especially responsibly it is necessary to approach the film cladding of door frames and transoms, as these are the most frequently used structural elements. So that the material does not rub or tear, the film must be wrapped around the door frame, fixed on it through the lining, and the end parts should be sheathed with felt or rubber tape.
Advice. Most often, the film breaks precisely at the points of contact with the frame due to its heating or rough surface. Therefore, all its elements must be smooth, without sharp corners and protrusions.
To prevent strong heating (especially of the metal frame), the instruction recommends painting it in White color or wrap all structural elements with a light-colored cloth.
Conclusion
Knowing how to cover the greenhouse with film, you can save a lot on the purchase of a finished structure, its delivery and assembly. For many summer residents who grow flowers and vegetables not for sale, but for their own needs, this is very important.
Film selection
- ability to transmit light;
- market value.
Easy fixing methods
findings
How to cover with cling film wooden frame greenhouse or greenhouse, almost every owner of a summer cottage knows. Difficulties arise when greenhouse film is installed on a metal frame. It is important that the coating tightly fits the frame and does not break under the influence of wind - such extreme conditions will lead to premature wear of the material.
How to make the greenhouse stand, which is called "like a glove", delighting you not only with aesthetic appearance, but also direct functional purpose- getting a high yield? Let's talk about how to choose the right material for attaching to the frame and, accordingly, about the options for mounting it yourself.
Film selection
There are many various kinds do-it-yourself films for attaching to the frame, which is used as a covering material for greenhouses and greenhouses.
Rules for attaching a film to a metal greenhouse
When choosing a material, the consumer should be guided by the following criteria:
- mechanical strength and durability. Will the material last only one season, or can it be reused;
- ability to transmit light;
- market value.
Of course, the characteristics of polymers are not limited to the above. We can talk about thermal and chemical strength, i.e., how it is able to withstand high temperatures and the effects of chemicals contained in fertilizers, its antistatic properties, etc.
There are several main types: the film for greenhouses that is familiar to everyone, which is the most common - polyethylene, reinforced (also polyethylene), light-scattering and light-stabilized, polyvinyl chloride.
In addition to the above, there are specialized types with unusual properties (for example, three-layer air-bubble, or polyamide) intended for cultivation exotic plants. Their application on suburban area functionally redundant and unreasonably expensive.
It is best to follow the advice of experienced gardeners when choosing. For this, there are specialized forums and numerous articles on the Internet. By the way, if you have your own opinion on this issue, share it with the members of the forum - they will definitely listen to you.
Easy fixing methods
You can fix the cover on in the following ways.
Film attachment option metal structure with your own hands using a clip. (It is a clamp in the form of an aluminum profile with an original fastening system). If the clips are not supplied with the greenhouse frame, you can make them yourself. To protect the shelter from mechanical damage, clamps can be equipped with rubber gaskets.
You can also stretch the covering polymer over the frame using a mesh. A material such as a cord can replace the mesh. First you need to stretch the film on the frame, and fix it on top using the proposed methods.
In order for the work done by one's own hands to be crowned with success, several simple rules. Firstly, regardless of how you will cover your metal greenhouse or hotbed, these works should be done in dry, calm or low wind weather, in order to avoid gusts and overflows of the material.
The cord (line 0.5 -1.0 mm) is fixed at the base of the greenhouse and pulled, overlapping as if in a zigzag. It is better to use a standard roll of 32 meters. For strength, a similar procedure can be done from the inside, then the coating will be fixed as in a cocoon from the resulting mesh.
And further. Do not apply excessive force when trying to stretch the film material. The polymer, due to its structure, is subject to deformation, and the deformed places will tear sooner or later, and the material will be damaged.
Some subtleties to be aware of
The problem that amateur gardeners face when attaching a film to a frame is that metal, due to its rigid structure, deforms more soft material, rendering it useless. A simple way to solve the problem is to glue the place of contact of the frame with the covering material with construction tape.
findings
Covering a metal greenhouse with your own hands is not so difficult if you take your time and follow the appropriate instructions and tips. However, there are strict rules that must be observed.
- film for greenhouses is attached to metal frame at a positive ambient temperature in the range from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius;
- cover the frame should be about 3 days before placing the seedlings in the greenhouse;
- It is strictly not recommended to use nails, screws or wire to fasten the film. The result will be irretrievable loss covering material.
How to fix the film on the greenhouse?
Almost every owner of a summer cottage knows how to cover the wooden frame of a greenhouse or greenhouse with a film. Difficulties arise when greenhouse film is installed on a metal frame. It is important that the coating tightly fits the frame and does not break under the influence of wind - such extreme conditions will lead to premature wear of the material.
How to make the greenhouse stand, what is called “like a glove”, delighting you not only with an aesthetic appearance, but also with a direct functional purpose - getting a high yield? Let's talk about how to choose the right material for attaching to the frame and, accordingly, about the options for mounting it yourself.
Film selection
There are many different types of film for attaching to the frame with your own hands, which is used as a covering material for greenhouses and greenhouses. When choosing a material, the consumer should be guided by the following criteria:
- mechanical strength and durability. Will the material last only one season, or can it be reused;
- ability to transmit light;
- market value.
Of course, the characteristics of polymers are not limited to the above. We can talk about thermal and chemical strength, i.e., how it is able to withstand high temperatures and the effects of chemicals contained in fertilizers, its antistatic properties, etc.
There are several main types: the film for greenhouses that is familiar to everyone, which is the most common - polyethylene, reinforced (also polyethylene), light-scattering and light-stabilized, polyvinyl chloride.
In addition to those listed, there are specialized species with unusual properties (for example, three-layer air-bubble, or polyamide) intended for growing exotic plants. Their use in the suburban area is functionally redundant and unreasonably expensive.
It is best to follow the advice of experienced gardeners when choosing. For this, there are specialized forums and numerous articles on the Internet. By the way, if you have your own opinion on this issue, share it with the members of the forum - they will definitely listen to you.
Easy fixing methods
You can fix the cover on in the following ways.
A do-it-yourself option for attaching a film to a metal structure using a clip. (It is a clamp in the form of an aluminum profile with an original fastening system). If the clips are not supplied with the greenhouse frame, you can make them yourself. To protect the shelter from mechanical damage, the clamps can be equipped with rubber gaskets.
You can also stretch the covering polymer over the frame using a mesh. A material such as a cord can replace the mesh. First you need to stretch the film on the frame, and fix it on top using the proposed methods.
In order for the work done by your own hands to be successful, you should follow a few simple rules. Firstly, regardless of how you will cover your metal greenhouse or hotbed, these works should be done in dry, calm or low wind weather, in order to avoid gusts and overflows of the material.
The cord (line 0.5 -1.0 mm) is fixed at the base of the greenhouse and pulled, overlapping as if in a zigzag. It is better to use a standard roll of 32 meters. For strength, a similar procedure can be done from the inside, then the coating will be fixed as in a cocoon from the resulting mesh.
And further. Do not apply excessive force when trying to stretch the film material. The polymer, due to its structure, is subject to deformation, and the deformed places will tear sooner or later, and the material will be damaged.
Some subtleties to be aware of
The problem that amateur gardeners face when attaching a film to a frame is that metal, due to its rigid structure, deforms softer material, rendering it unusable. A simple way to solve the problem is to glue the place of contact of the frame with the covering material with construction tape.
By the way, such a procedure will prevent the film from another problem - heating.
How to securely cover a simple greenhouse with a film with your own hands?
Metal covered with white construction tape will heat up less, which means that the effect of high temperatures on the coating will be minimal.
findings
Covering a metal greenhouse with your own hands is not so difficult if you take your time and follow the appropriate instructions and tips. However, there are strict rules that must be observed.
- film for greenhouses is attached to a metal frame at a positive ambient temperature in the range from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius;
- cover the frame should be about 3 days before placing the seedlings in the greenhouse;
- It is strictly not recommended to use nails, screws or wire to fasten the film. The result will be an irretrievable loss of covering material.
How to fix the film on the greenhouse?
Almost every owner of a summer cottage knows how to cover the wooden frame of a greenhouse or greenhouse with a film. Difficulties arise when greenhouse film is installed on a metal frame. It is important that the coating tightly fits the frame and does not break under the influence of wind - such extreme conditions will lead to premature wear of the material.
How to make the greenhouse stand, what is called “like a glove”, delighting you not only with an aesthetic appearance, but also with a direct functional purpose - getting a high yield? Let's talk about how to choose the right material for attaching to the frame and, accordingly, about the options for mounting it yourself.
Film selection
There are many different types of film for attaching to the frame with your own hands, which is used as a covering material for greenhouses and greenhouses. When choosing a material, the consumer should be guided by the following criteria:
- mechanical strength and durability. Will the material last only one season, or can it be reused;
- ability to transmit light;
- market value.
Of course, the characteristics of polymers are not limited to the above. We can talk about thermal and chemical strength, i.e., how it is able to withstand high temperatures and the effects of chemicals contained in fertilizers, its antistatic properties, etc.
There are several main types: the film for greenhouses that is familiar to everyone, which is the most common - polyethylene, reinforced (also polyethylene), light-scattering and light-stabilized, polyvinyl chloride.
In addition to those listed, there are specialized species with unusual properties (for example, three-layer air-bubble, or polyamide) intended for growing exotic plants. Their use in the suburban area is functionally redundant and unreasonably expensive.
It is best to follow the advice of experienced gardeners when choosing. For this, there are specialized forums and numerous articles on the Internet. By the way, if you have your own opinion on this issue, share it with the members of the forum - they will definitely listen to you.
Easy fixing methods
You can fix the cover on in the following ways.
A do-it-yourself option for attaching a film to a metal structure using a clip. (It is a clamp in the form of an aluminum profile with an original fastening system). If the clips are not supplied with the greenhouse frame, you can make them yourself. To protect the shelter from mechanical damage, the clamps can be equipped with rubber gaskets.
You can also stretch the covering polymer over the frame using a mesh. A material such as a cord can replace the mesh. First you need to stretch the film on the frame, and fix it on top using the proposed methods.
In order for the work done by your own hands to be successful, you should follow a few simple rules. Firstly, regardless of how you will cover your metal greenhouse or hotbed, these works should be done in dry, calm or low wind weather, in order to avoid gusts and overflows of the material.
The cord (line 0.5 -1.0 mm) is fixed at the base of the greenhouse and pulled, overlapping as if in a zigzag. It is better to use a standard roll of 32 meters. For strength, a similar procedure can be done from the inside, then the coating will be fixed as in a cocoon from the resulting mesh.
And further. Do not apply excessive force when trying to stretch the film material. The polymer, due to its structure, is subject to deformation, and the deformed places will tear sooner or later, and the material will be damaged.
Some subtleties to be aware of
The problem that amateur gardeners face when attaching a film to a frame is that metal, due to its rigid structure, deforms softer material, rendering it unusable. A simple way to solve the problem is to glue the place of contact of the frame with the covering material with construction tape.
By the way, such a procedure will prevent the film from another problem - heating.
How to stretch the film on a metal greenhouse?
Metal covered with white construction tape will heat up less, which means that the effect of high temperatures on the coating will be minimal.
findings
Covering a metal greenhouse with your own hands is not so difficult if you take your time and follow the appropriate instructions and tips. However, there are strict rules that must be observed.
- film for greenhouses is attached to a metal frame at a positive ambient temperature in the range from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius;
- cover the frame should be about 3 days before placing the seedlings in the greenhouse;
- It is strictly not recommended to use nails, screws or wire to fasten the film. The result will be an irretrievable loss of covering material.
How to fix the film on the greenhouse?
Almost every owner of a summer cottage knows how to cover the wooden frame of a greenhouse or greenhouse with a film.
How to properly cover the greenhouse with foil
Difficulties arise when greenhouse film is installed on a metal frame. It is important that the coating tightly fits the frame and does not break under the influence of wind - such extreme conditions will lead to premature wear of the material.
How to make the greenhouse stand, what is called “like a glove”, delighting you not only with an aesthetic appearance, but also with a direct functional purpose - getting a high yield? Let's talk about how to choose the right material for attaching to the frame and, accordingly, about the options for mounting it yourself.
Film selection
There are many different types of film for attaching to the frame with your own hands, which is used as a covering material for greenhouses and greenhouses. When choosing a material, the consumer should be guided by the following criteria:
- mechanical strength and durability. Will the material last only one season, or can it be reused;
- ability to transmit light;
- market value.
Of course, the characteristics of polymers are not limited to the above. We can talk about thermal and chemical strength, i.e., how it is able to withstand high temperatures and the effects of chemicals contained in fertilizers, its antistatic properties, etc.
There are several main types: the usual film for greenhouses, which is the most common polyethylene, reinforced (also polyethylene), light-diffusing and light-stabilized, polyvinyl chloride.
In addition to those listed, there are specialized species with unusual properties (for example, three-layer air-bubble, or polyamide) intended for growing exotic plants. Their use in the suburban area is functionally redundant and unreasonably expensive.
It is best to follow the advice of experienced gardeners when choosing. For this, there are specialized forums and numerous articles on the Internet. By the way, if you have your own opinion on this issue, share it with the members of the forum - they will definitely listen to you.
Easy fixing methods
You can fix the cover on in the following ways.
A do-it-yourself option for attaching a film to a metal structure using a clip. (It is a clamp in the form of an aluminum profile with an original fastening system). If the clips are not supplied with the greenhouse frame, you can make them yourself. To protect the shelter from mechanical damage, the clamps can be equipped with rubber gaskets.
You can also stretch the covering polymer over the frame using a mesh. A material such as a cord can replace the mesh. First you need to stretch the film on the frame, and fix it on top using the proposed methods.
In order for the work done by your own hands to be successful, you should follow a few simple rules. Firstly, regardless of how you will cover your metal greenhouse or hotbed, these works should be done in dry, calm or low wind weather, in order to avoid gusts and overflows of the material.
The cord (line 0.5 -1.0 mm) is fixed at the base of the greenhouse and pulled, overlapping as if in a zigzag. It is better to use a standard roll of 32 meters. For strength, a similar procedure can be done from the inside, then the coating will be fixed as in a cocoon from the resulting mesh.
And further. Do not apply excessive force when trying to stretch the film material.
Film greenhouses
The polymer, due to its structure, is subject to deformation, and the deformed places will tear sooner or later, and the material will be damaged.
Some subtleties to be aware of
The problem that amateur gardeners face when attaching the film to the frame, the metal, due to its rigid structure, deforms the softer material, rendering it unusable. A simple way to solve the problem is to glue the place of contact of the frame with the covering material with construction tape.
By the way, such a procedure will prevent the film from another problem - heating. Metal covered with white construction tape will heat up less, which means that the effect of high temperatures on the coating will be minimal.
findings
Covering a metal greenhouse with your own hands is not so difficult if you take your time and follow the appropriate instructions and tips. However, there are strict rules that must be observed.
- film for greenhouses is attached to a metal frame at a positive ambient temperature in the range from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius;
- cover the frame should be about 3 days before placing the seedlings in the greenhouse;
- It is strictly not recommended to use nails, screws or wire to fasten the film. The result will be an irretrievable loss of covering material.
How to fix the film on the greenhouse?
Almost every owner of a summer cottage knows how to cover the wooden frame of a greenhouse or greenhouse with a film. Difficulties arise when greenhouse film is installed on a metal frame. It is important that the coating tightly fits the frame and does not break under the influence of wind - such extreme conditions will lead to premature wear of the material.
How to make the greenhouse stand, what is called “like a glove”, delighting you not only with an aesthetic appearance, but also with a direct functional purpose - getting a high yield? Let's talk about how to choose the right material for attaching to the frame and, accordingly, about the options for mounting it yourself.
Film selection
There are many different types of film for attaching to the frame with your own hands, which is used as a covering material for greenhouses and greenhouses. When choosing a material, the consumer should be guided by the following criteria:
- mechanical strength and durability. Will the material last only one season, or can it be reused;
- ability to transmit light;
- market value.
Of course, the characteristics of polymers are not limited to the above. We can talk about thermal and chemical strength, i.e., how it is able to withstand high temperatures and the effects of chemicals contained in fertilizers, its antistatic properties, etc.
There are several main types: the film for greenhouses that is familiar to everyone, which is the most common - polyethylene, reinforced (also polyethylene), light-scattering and light-stabilized, polyvinyl chloride.
In addition to those listed, there are specialized species with unusual properties (for example, three-layer air-bubble, or polyamide) intended for growing exotic plants. Their use in the suburban area is functionally redundant and unreasonably expensive.
It is best to follow the advice of experienced gardeners when choosing. For this, there are specialized forums and numerous articles on the Internet. By the way, if you have your own opinion on this issue, share it with the members of the forum - they will definitely listen to you.
Easy fixing methods
You can fix the cover on in the following ways.
A do-it-yourself option for attaching a film to a metal structure using a clip. (It is a clamp in the form of an aluminum profile with an original fastening system). If the clips are not supplied with the greenhouse frame, you can make them yourself. To protect the shelter from mechanical damage, the clamps can be equipped with rubber gaskets.
You can also stretch the covering polymer over the frame using a mesh. A material such as a cord can replace the mesh. First you need to stretch the film on the frame, and fix it on top using the proposed methods.
In order for the work done by your own hands to be successful, you should follow a few simple rules. Firstly, regardless of how you will cover your metal greenhouse or hotbed, these works should be done in dry, calm or low wind weather, in order to avoid gusts and overflows of the material.
The cord (line 0.5 -1.0 mm) is fixed at the base of the greenhouse and pulled, overlapping as if in a zigzag. It is better to use a standard roll of 32 meters. For strength, a similar procedure can be done from the inside, then the coating will be fixed as in a cocoon from the resulting mesh.
And further. Do not apply excessive force when trying to stretch the film material. The polymer, due to its structure, is subject to deformation, and the deformed places will tear sooner or later, and the material will be damaged.
Some subtleties to be aware of
The problem that amateur gardeners face when attaching a film to a frame is that metal, due to its rigid structure, deforms softer material, rendering it unusable. A simple way to solve the problem is to glue the place of contact of the frame with the covering material with construction tape.
Types of films for greenhouses and methods of their attachment to the frame
By the way, such a procedure will prevent the film from another problem - heating. Metal covered with white construction tape will heat up less, which means that the effect of high temperatures on the coating will be minimal.
findings
Covering a metal greenhouse with your own hands is not so difficult if you take your time and follow the appropriate instructions and tips. However, there are strict rules that must be observed.
- film for greenhouses is attached to a metal frame at a positive ambient temperature in the range from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius;
- cover the frame should be about 3 days before placing the seedlings in the greenhouse;
- It is strictly not recommended to use nails, screws or wire to fasten the film. The result will be an irretrievable loss of covering material.
Greenhouse "elite" are greenhouses covered with polycarbonate. This polymer material, of course, has its advantages, but the film also has a number of qualities that are superior to polycarbonate:
- it is much cheaper than polymers;
- mold does not form on it;
- light transmission is not lost over time;
- does not block ultraviolet rays;
- some types of film are as durable as polycarbonate.
Modern film manufacturers are trying to take into account all the fair complaints of users about this material. The consumer is not satisfied with the insufficient resistance of the film to atmospheric precipitation, the formation of condensate drops on inner surface, sagging of the material due to stretching.
As a result of "work on the mistakes", the following types of film appeared:
- stabilized hydrophilic;
- polyethylene unstabilized;
- heat-retaining;
- polyethylene reinforced;
- copolymer ethylene vinyl acetate;
- polyvinyl chloride.
The hydrophilic film allows condensate to run off without the formation of drops. Water does not collect overhead, and most importantly over plants.
Reinforced film is characterized by increased durability - it can last 7-8 seasons.
Ordinary unstabilized - does not differ in such characteristics. Therefore, if a greenhouse covered with this film provides for year-round crop cultivation, then without gas boiler, to increase CO 2 and reduce humidity, is indispensable.
The EVA film also has increased strength due to its multilayer nature. It is impossible to cover the greenhouse with it without additional 4-5 pairs of helpers' hands. The greenhouse is covered with a solid heavy canvas. But the lining is surprisingly strong and durable, it keeps heat well all year round. The fastening of such a multilayer film has its own characteristics:
- The first layer is attached, as usual, on top of the frame.
- The next one should be at a distance of 7-10 centimeters from the first and located inside the frame.
- The last layer is nailed with strips of conveyor belt to the additional crossbars of the internal racks. The crossbars that are nailed to the posts must be 2 m in the middle and at least 1.20 m at the edges of the greenhouse.
So indoors the effect of "thermos" is created. Even in the most severe winter, additional heating of the greenhouse is not needed. With the advent of heat, the third layer of the film can be dismantled.
Rules for attaching a film to a greenhouse
It is very convenient and reliable to cover the greenhouse with a conveyor belt. It is cut into strips of 2-3 centimeters and nailed with ordinary nails.
The film is not nailed onto the frame directly, but through a wooden glazing bead or rail. But if the film on the frame and bead is held only with nails, there is a danger that the tree will dry out over time. This will cause the tension to loosen and the cover to sag. This can be avoided by wrapping a plastic film around wooden lath and secured with packing tape. The tape must be pressed to the film and attached construction stapler. It is better to use 6-8 cm staples. When working with reinforced film, it is better not to use nails, but to fix it with furniture stapler staples.
It is necessary to choose the right degree of film tension. Too tightly stretched - it will soon tear, weakly - sag, deformed. For optimal tension of the film material, a polypropylene cord tension can be used. With a step of 1 meter, the letter Z, the cord is attached over the film. Instead of a propylene cord, you can use a rope or a rubber band.
You can avoid the problem of dripping condensate from the film onto the plants by providing a kind of grooves from the film for draining water. It is necessary to knock out the film between the racks so that a natural drain forms.
The metal frame of the greenhouse wipes polyethylene very quickly. You can significantly slow down the process by wrapping the frame with a cloth in problem areas or pasting them with tape. When using a polymer frame, such problems are not observed.
Another drawback of the metal structure is that it gets very hot in the sun, and the temperature in the greenhouse rises to undesirable levels. If the metal elements are painted with light paint, then the heating will become less. However, the paint will not help to avoid rubbing the film. To solve both problems together, light plastic pipes can be put on metal racks. Instead of plastic pipes rubber hoses or bicycle tires can be used. You just need to pre-paint them white. The light coating of the metal reduces its heating by half. At the same time, we must not forget that the wooden frame does not heat up and does not wipe the film.
A low-budget version of a home-made greenhouse under the film
The simplest and cheap option self built country house- "film" greenhouse arched design. The sequence of actions for its manufacture is as follows:
- Any building starts with a foundation. Vertical metal pipe sections, about 40 centimeters long, are dug into the ground. A tee is welded to the end, lowered into the ground, it will act as an anchor. A crosspiece is welded to the free end. An 80 cm piece of pipe is attached to one wing of the cross. The same distance will be later between the arches. The whole structure is welded in detail in a line. Its length is equal to the estimated length of the greenhouse.
- Greenhouse installation. The lower trim is laid horizontally in a shallow groove and buried a little. An arched rod is welded into the cross of the foundation pipes (also vertically). A length of 5.5 meters will suffice. The second end of the rod is welded to the opposite harness.
- Strengthening the structure. For him, boards are needed, the thickness of which is 25 mm, the width is 10 cm. The boards must be treated with an antiseptic. The reinforcement is attached to the frame longitudinally.
- Installation of the greenhouse ridge. Two wooden planks are screwed to each arch along the entire length of the greenhouse with self-tapping screws. One bar is outside, the other is inside.
- Greenhouse cover. It is necessary to cover the greenhouse on top with the selected film and fix it using one of the methods discussed above. The free hanging ends of the film are dug into the ground.
- In pre-selected places of the structure, doorways and vents are cut and installed.
More recently, greenhouse craftsmen have discovered another material suitable for building a "green house". This is an ordinary large-mesh metal mesh. It serves as an excellent frame for a film greenhouse. The wire from which the mesh is made is light and bends well. Today it is actively used for portable structures. If the mesh is chosen as the material of the frame, then the floor of the greenhouse is also made from it. For the floor, you can use material with smaller, but rigid cells.
Almost every owner of a summer cottage knows how to cover the wooden frame of a greenhouse or greenhouse with a film. Difficulties arise when greenhouse film is installed on a metal frame. It is important that the coating tightly fits the frame and does not break under the influence of wind - such extreme conditions will lead to premature wear of the material.
How to make the greenhouse stand, what is called “like a glove”, delighting you not only with an aesthetic appearance, but also with a direct functional purpose - getting a high yield? Let's talk about how to choose the right material for attaching to the frame and, accordingly, about the options for mounting it yourself.
Film selection
There are many different types of film for attaching to the frame with your own hands, which is used as a covering material for greenhouses and greenhouses. When choosing a material, the consumer should be guided by the following criteria:
- mechanical strength and durability. Will the material last only one season, or can it be reused;
- ability to transmit light;
- market value.
Of course, the characteristics of polymers are not limited to the above. We can talk about thermal and chemical strength, i.e., how it is able to withstand high temperatures and the effects of chemicals contained in fertilizers, its antistatic properties, etc.
There are several main types: the usual film for greenhouses, which is the most common - polyethylene, reinforced (also polyethylene), light-diffusing and light-stabilized, polyvinyl chloride.
In addition to those listed, there are specialized species with unusual properties (for example, three-layer air-bubble, or polyamide) intended for growing exotic plants. Their use in the suburban area is functionally redundant and unreasonably expensive.
It is best to follow the advice of experienced gardeners when choosing. For this, there are specialized forums and numerous articles on the Internet. By the way, if you have your own opinion on this issue, share it with the members of the forum - they will definitely listen to you.
Easy fixing methods
You can fix the cover on in the following ways.
A do-it-yourself option for attaching a film to a metal structure using a clip. (It is a clamp in the form of an aluminum profile with an original fastening system). If the clips are not supplied with the greenhouse frame, you can make them yourself. To protect the shelter from mechanical damage, the clamps can be equipped with rubber gaskets.
You can also stretch the covering polymer over the frame using a mesh. A material such as a cord can replace the mesh. First you need to stretch the film on the frame, and fix it on top using the proposed methods.
In order for the work done by your own hands to be successful, you should follow a few simple rules. Firstly, regardless of how you will cover your metal greenhouse or hotbed, these works should be done in dry, calm or low wind weather, in order to avoid gusts and overflows of the material.
The cord (line 0.5 -1.0 mm) is fixed at the base of the greenhouse and pulled, overlapping as if in a zigzag. It is better to use a standard roll of 32 meters. For strength, a similar procedure can be done from the inside, then the coating will be fixed as in a cocoon from the resulting mesh.
And further. Do not apply excessive force when trying to stretch the film material. The polymer, due to its structure, is subject to deformation, and the deformed places will tear sooner or later, and the material will be damaged.
Some subtleties to be aware of
The problem that amateur gardeners face when attaching a film to a frame is that metal, due to its rigid structure, deforms softer material, rendering it unusable. A simple way to solve the problem is to glue the place of contact of the frame with the covering material with construction tape.
By the way, such a procedure will prevent the film from another problem - heating. Metal covered with white construction tape will heat up less, which means that the effect of high temperatures on the coating will be minimal.
findings
Covering a metal greenhouse with your own hands is not so difficult if you take your time and follow the appropriate instructions and tips. However, there are strict rules that must be observed.
- film for greenhouses is attached to a metal frame at a positive ambient temperature in the range from 10 to 20 degrees Celsius;
- cover the frame should be about 3 days before placing the seedlings in the greenhouse;
- It is strictly not recommended to use nails, screws or wire to fasten the film. The result will be an irretrievable loss of covering material.
Until recently, gardeners were rarely worried about the question of how to cover the greenhouse, because there were only two options - polyethylene or glass. With the expansion of the agricultural market, when new materials, still untested by long practice, appeared, the choice became more complicated. Which of them has the proper strength and durability, keeps heat well and at the same time is quite inexpensive? And do you have any new negative sides, which manufacturers are silent about, but do you need to know the vegetable grower?
The yield depends on the quality of the covering material
Film and glass coverings of the greenhouse do not give up their positions. The reason for this is the relatively low cost (glass, of course, is not cheap, but many households have a stock of it) and a decent number of advantages. However, before you cover the greenhouse with the usual material, make sure you know what varieties of it have appeared recently, and whether their characteristics correspond to your agrotechnical goals.
Glass greenhouse - archaic or modern
Glass greenhouse construction is a classic. Due to the high light transmission capacity of the material, the grown crops receive enough sunlight necessary for their full development. Glass does not tarnish over time, is easy to clean and wash, and damaged elements are easily replaced with new ones, so you can purchase used material without compromising the functionality of the greenhouse.
In addition, glass is durable, resistant to temperature extremes, abrasives and chemical components of fertilizers. Another undoubted advantage of this covering material is that it does not need to be removed for the winter, which means that a lot of effort is saved both in autumn and winter. If the greenhouse is planned to be heated, then the glass surface, having low thermal conductivity, will actively prevent heat loss.
However, it is quite easy to dissuade enthusiasts about the infallibility of a glass greenhouse: its shortcomings are quite capable of blocking its merits.
In particular, light transmission can do a disservice - in the southern regions, plants in such structures suffer from an excess of light, and they have to be protected by artificial shading. Glass is heavy, so for its installation it is required to create a weighty foundation and frame.
Strip foundation for a glass greenhouse
The fragility of glass is another reason for its limited use. If vandals walk in your area, sooner or later the glass greenhouse will become the object of their close attention. Absolutely inflexible glass dictates the shape of the structure, for example, it is impossible to build an arched greenhouse from it.
In total, if you do not have a sufficient supply of glass at home, and you have to buy it, then greenhouse glazing is far from the best choice.
Film - an old friend with new habits
Cheap and practical polyethylene is barely enough for one season of use, which does not suit all summer residents. Its rapid wear is due to exposure to ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes, especially frequent in early spring. Therefore, ordinary film is bought only because of the price, but the covering material, improved by one or more modifiers, has recently been gaining popularity due to its quality factor.
The addition of light-stabilizing additives to the polymer mass increases the service life of the shelter from 2 seasons to 3 years, during which the elasticity and frost resistance of the film are preserved. However, during this time it must be kept away from chromium and sulfur found in some pesticides, as they destroy UV stabilizers. Thus, a PET film greenhouse with UV protection is optimal for growing organic vegetables.
Anti-condensation films successfully deal with another disadvantage of polyethylene - increased formation of moisture on the surface. Experienced gardeners know how quickly excessive moisture and condensate drops lead to rotting and plant diseases. You can deal with this in different ways, but the least labor-intensive option is to use a film with antifogs.
Antistatic agents in the composition of the film prevent the loss of its elasticity due to the accumulation of dust on the surface. Such pollution is fraught with the fact that dust particles cause the appearance of microcracks, and those, in turn, open access to UV rays. Therefore, antistatic films last longer than conventional films and are also considered multi-year options.
The reinforced material is distinguished by a cellular frame made of polymer fibers, which take on the main load during operation. Of the novelties that have appeared relatively recently, it should be noted multilayer film, usually consisting of three layers with different additives. This technology creates a universal material with a complex important properties. Its higher price is offset by trouble-free installation and a long service life.
Covering materials for greenhouses in recent years
When deciding how best to cover a greenhouse, one cannot but pay attention to the know-how actively offered by manufacturers - agrotextiles and polycarbonate. Reviews about these materials are very contradictory, but almost everyone agrees that with proper quality, strict observance of the installation and operation technology, they remain suitable for maintaining greenhouse conditions for a long time.
Is spunbond suitable for sheltering greenhouses
A non-woven fabric made of extruded polymer fibers, called spunbond according to its production technology, is ideal for covering greenhouses. Despite the fact that white agro-cloth is opaque, due to its porous structure it transmits sunlight well and, unlike other materials, does not interfere with air exchange. This allows the plants to get enough fresh air even with the vents closed.
Spunbond in the greenhouse lasts only 1 year
Spunbond also copes with the main task, namely the protection of early crops from the cold. However, pay attention to the density of the material: 42 g / m2 will be enough to cover from frosts up to 55 degrees, while even a year-round greenhouse can be covered with agrotextile with a density of 60 g / m2. In the heat, it is also indispensable, since it saves the vegetable grower from worries about additional shading of the structure.
What are the disadvantages of agrofibre?
There are quite a few of them:
- some owners call for a high cost for them - about 2 times more than films;
- unimportant wind resistance - carefully consider the system for attaching the material to the frame so that it is not disheveled during a storm;
- water permeability - this feature of the material in the rainy season turns into its disadvantage.
If these nuances are taken into account, spunbond does not cause any complaints during the operation of the greenhouse for 4-5 seasons.
Polycarbonate - a revolution in the greenhouse industry
It turned out to be possible to combine, at first glance, incompatible characteristics with a fundamentally new covering material made of transparent plastic called polycarbonate. Its variety - cellular polycarbonate, is characterized by high thermal insulation properties: a 6 mm thick sheet is comparable in thermal conductivity to a double-glazed window. The service life of such a coating promised by manufacturers is also impressive - 20 years.
Arched polycarbonate greenhouse
The positive properties of polycarbonate are not limited to this. Among the advantages reported not by theorists, but by practitioners, we should mention:
- flexibility - polycarbonate sheets are suitable for the construction of greenhouses of any shape;
- strength - the design, competently reinforced with stiffeners, withstands hail, gusts of wind and snow pressure;
- fire safety - polycarbonate is hardly combustible, therefore it is indispensable for the installation of heated greenhouses.
Is there even a drop of tar in this barrel of honey?
Yes, and unfortunately a few. The most significant disadvantage is the high price of polycarbonate material. Only a self-confident garden owner can afford a greenhouse completely covered by him, counting on a significant return in the form of a bountiful harvest for own consumption or sales.
It is better to entrust the installation of a polycarbonate greenhouse to specialists. It is very difficult for a beginner to assemble it on his own, since there are many technological nuances on which the durability of the entire structure depends in direct proportion. Often, negative feedback about such greenhouses is left by those who are faced with the depressing consequences of improper assembly.
The scheme of installation of polycarbonate on the greenhouse
The care of the surface of a polycarbonate greenhouse cannot be called easy either: its cleaning should be carried out with the utmost care, using a soft cloth and neutral chemicals. It is strictly forbidden to use household chemicals containing abrasives, chlorine, aldehydes, salts, alkalis. When removing snow and ice, do not use sharp objects, otherwise the UV protective layer will be damaged.
What material can be considered ideal
When choosing what it is better to make a greenhouse from, you don’t want to be mistaken, but if you draw the appropriate conclusions, a perfect covering material does not yet exist. It is recommended to determine it for each case individually, based on the specific task, the budget for the construction of the greenhouse, the climatic features of the area, the types of crops grown, their number, volume and whimsicality to the surrounding conditions.
So, for a novice summer resident, it is better to make the first greenhouse from the most affordable materials.
Vegetable lovers with experience can already play with the combination various options: for example, the upper part of the greenhouse, which serves as a roof, is made of polycarbonate, the side walls are made of polyethylene, and the end walls are made of spunbond. This technology, with proper sealing of the joints, will provide strength, wind resistance and constant ventilation of the structure.
Material combination example
If you have already decided what is better to cover the greenhouse, it would be useful to familiarize yourself with the leading manufacturers of the selected material. Often sellers cannot competently clarify the difference between one and the other option, so also deal with the labeling. By the way, the quality of its application can also tell a lot. Approaching the issue of choice with diligence, you can count on a greenhouse that meets all your requirements.
Chocolate biscuit: the secrets of cooking in a slow cooker and oven
Chemical composition and nutritional value
Apple chips at home
Braised cabbage with white beans, recipe
How to reduce the ass, hips and stomach at home?