Chemistry in the kitchen for children. Experiments in the kitchen

02.06.2019

For ice cream you will need: cocoa, sugar, milk, sour cream. You can add grated chocolate, waffle crumbs or small pieces of cookies to it. Mix two tablespoons of cocoa, one tablespoon of sugar, four tablespoons of milk and two tablespoons of sour cream in a bowl. Add cookie and chocolate crumbs. Ice cream is ready. Now it needs to be cooled down. Take a larger bowl, put ice in it, sprinkle it with salt, mix. Place a bowl of ice cream on top of ice and cover with a towel to keep heat out. Stir ice cream every 3-5 minutes. If you have enough patience, then after about 30 minutes the ice cream will thicken and you can try it. Yummy?

How does our homemade refrigerator? It is known that ice melts at a temperature of zero degrees. Salt also delays the cold, does not allow the ice to melt quickly. Therefore, salt ice keeps cold longer. Moreover, the towel does not allow warm air to penetrate to the ice cream. And the result? Ice cream is beyond praise!

Let's beat down the butter

If you live in the summer in the country, then you probably take natural milk from a thrush. Do experiments with milk with the children. Prepare a liter jar. Fill it with milk and refrigerate for 2-3 days. Show the children how the milk has separated into lighter cream and heavy skimmed milk. Collect the cream in a jar with an airtight lid. And if you have patience and free time, then shake the jar for half an hour in turns with the children until the balls of fat merge together and form oil lumps. Believe me, this delicious butter the children never ate.

Homemade lollipops

Cooking is a fun activity. Now let's make homemade lollipops. To do this, prepare a glass with warm water, in which to dissolve as much granulated sugar as it can dissolve. Then take a straw for a cocktail, tie a clean thread to it, fixing a small piece of pasta on its end (it is best to use small pasta). Now it remains to put the straw on top of the glass, across, and lower the end of the thread with pasta into the sugar solution. And be patient.

When the water from the glass begins to evaporate, the sugar molecules will begin to approach and sweet crystals will begin to settle on the thread and on the pasta, taking on bizarre shapes. Let your little one taste the lollipop. Yummy? The same lollipops will be much tastier if jam syrup is added to the sugar solution. Then you get lollipops with different taste: cherry, blackcurrant and others, whatever he wants.

"Roasted" sugar

Take two pieces of refined sugar. Moisten them with a few drops of water to make it moist, put in a stainless steel spoon and heat it for a few minutes over gas until the sugar melts and turns yellow. Don't let it burn. As soon as the sugar turns into a yellowish liquid, pour the contents of the spoon onto the saucer in small drops. Taste your candies with your children. Liked? Then open a candy factory!

Changing the color of cabbage

Together with your child, prepare a salad of finely chopped red cabbage, grated with salt, and pour it with vinegar and sugar. Watch the cabbage turn from purple to bright red. This is the effect of acetic acid. However, as the salad is stored, it may again turn purple or even turn blue. This happens because acetic acid is gradually diluted with cabbage juice, its concentration decreases and the color of the red cabbage dye changes. These are the transformations.

Why are unripe apples sour?

Unripe apples are high in starch and contain no sugar. Starch is an unsweetened substance. Let the child lick the starch, and he will be convinced of this. How do you know if a product contains starch? Make a weak solution of iodine. Drop them in a handful of flour, starch, on a piece of raw potato, on a slice of an unripe apple. The blue color that appears proves that all these products contain starch. Repeat the experiment with the apple when it is fully ripe. And you will probably be surprised that you will no longer find starch in an apple. But now it has sugar in it. So, fruit ripening is a chemical process of converting starch into sugar.

edible glue

Your child needed glue for crafts, but the jar of glue was empty? Don't rush to the store to buy. Weld it yourself. What is familiar to you is unusual to a child.

Cook him a small portion of thick jelly, showing him each of the steps of the process. For those who do not know: in boiling juice (or in water with jam), you need to pour, mixing thoroughly, a solution of starch diluted in a small amount cold water and bring to a boil. I think the child will be surprised that this glue-jelly can be eaten with a spoon, or you can glue crafts with it.

Homemade sparkling water

Remind your child that he is breathing air. Air is made up of various gases, but many of them are invisible and odorless, making them difficult to detect. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that make up the air and ... carbonated water. But it can be isolated at home.

Take two straws for a cocktail, but of different diameters, so that a few millimeters narrow fits snugly into a wider one. It turned out a long straw, made up of two. Do it in traffic plastic bottle through a vertical hole with a sharp object and insert either end of the straw there. If there are no straws of different diameters, then you can make a small vertical incision in one and stick it into another straw. The main thing is to get a tight connection.

Pour water diluted with any jam into a glass, and pour half a tablespoon of soda into a bottle through a funnel. Then pour vinegar into the bottle - about one hundred milliliters. Now you need to act very quickly: stick the cork with a straw into the bottle, and dip the other end of the straw into a glass of sweet water. What's going on in the glass? Explain to your child that the vinegar and baking soda have begun to actively interact with each other, releasing carbon dioxide bubbles. It rises up and passes through a straw into a glass with a drink, where bubbles come to the surface of the water. Here is sparkling water and ready.

Drown and eat

Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won't be able to drown him. Peel the second orange and put it in the water. Well? Do you believe your eyes? The orange has sunk. How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned and the other floated? Explain to the child: "There are many air bubbles in the orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange sinks because it is heavier than the water it displaces."

About the benefits of milk

Oddly enough, the best way to learn why you need to drink milk is to do an experiment with bones. Take the eaten chicken bones, wash them properly, let them dry. Then pour vinegar in a bowl so that it covers the bones completely, close the lid and leave for a week. After seven days, drain the vinegar, carefully examine and touch the bones. They have become flexible. Why? It turns out that calcium gives strength to bones. Calcium dissolves in acetic acid, and the bones lose their hardness.

You want to ask: "What does milk have to do with it?" Milk is known to be rich in calcium. Milk is useful because it replenishes our body with calcium, which means it makes our bones hard and strong.

How to get drinking water from salt water?

Pour water with your child into a deep basin, add two tablespoons of salt there, stir until the salt dissolves. Place washed pebbles on the bottom of an empty plastic cup so that it does not float up, but its edges should be above the water level in the basin. Stretch the film from above, tying it around the pelvis. Squeeze the film in the center over the glass and put another pebble in the recess. Place your basin in the sun. After a few hours, the glass will accumulate unsalted, clean drinking water. This is explained simply: the water begins to evaporate in the sun, the condensate settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. Salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis. Now that you know how to get fresh water, you can safely go to the sea and not be afraid of thirst. There is a lot of water in the sea, and you can always get the purest drinking water from it.

live yeast

A well-known Russian proverb says: "The hut is red not with corners, but with pies." We don't bake pies, though. Although, why not? Moreover, we always have yeast in our kitchen. But first we will show the experience, and then we can take on the pies. Tell the children that yeast is made up of tiny living organisms called microbes (meaning that microbes can be good as well as bad). When they feed, they emit carbon dioxide, which, mixed with flour, sugar and water, “raises” the dough, making it lush and tasty.

Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until the millions of tiny microbes that dormant in a cold and dry form come to life. Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons into the pitcher warm water, add two teaspoons of yeast to it, then one teaspoon of sugar and mix. Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle, pulling a balloon over its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water. Ask the guys what will happen? That's right, when the yeast comes to life and starts eating sugar, the mixture will fill with bubbles of carbon dioxide already familiar to children, which they begin to release. The bubbles burst and the gas inflates the balloon.

Is the coat warm?

This experience should be very popular with children. Buy two cups of paper-wrapped ice cream. Unfold one of them and put on a saucer. And wrap the second one right in the wrapper in a clean towel and wrap it well with a fur coat. After 30 minutes, unwrap the wrapped ice cream and place it unwrapped on a saucer. Expand and the second ice cream. Compare both portions. Surprised? What about your children?

It turns out that ice cream under a fur coat, in contrast to what is on a silver platter, almost did not melt. So what? Maybe a fur coat is not a fur coat at all, but a refrigerator? Why, then, do we wear it in winter, if it does not warm, but cools? Everything is explained simply. The fur coat stopped letting the room heat in to the ice cream. And from this, the ice cream in a fur coat became cold, so the ice cream did not melt.

Now the question is also natural: "Why does a person put on a fur coat in the cold?" Answer: To keep warm. When a person puts on a fur coat at home, he is warm, but the fur coat does not let heat out into the street, so the person does not freeze.

Ask the child if he knows that there are "fur coats" made of glass? This is a thermos. It has double walls, and between them is a void. Heat does not pass through the void. Therefore, when we pour hot tea into a thermos, it stays hot for a long time. And if you pour cold water into it, what will happen to it? The child can now answer this question himself. If he still finds it difficult to answer, let him do one more experiment: pour cold water into a thermos and check it in 30 minutes.

Thrust funnel

Can a funnel "refuse" to let water into a bottle? Let's check! We will need: 2 funnels, two identical clean dry plastic bottles of 1 liter each, plasticine, a jug of water.

Training:

Insert a funnel into each bottle.
Cover the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.

Let's start the science magic!

Announce to the audience: "I have a magic funnel that keeps water out of the bottle."

Take a bottle without plasticine and pour some water into it through a funnel. Explain to the audience, "This is how most funnels behave."

Put a bottle of plasticine on the table. Fill the funnel with water up to the top. See what will happen.

Result. A little water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing altogether.

Explanation:

Water flows freely into the first bottle. Water flowing through the funnel into the bottle replaces the air in it, which escapes through the gaps between the neck and the funnel. In a bottle sealed with plasticine, there is also air, which has its own pressure. The water in the funnel also has pressure, which is due to the force of gravity pulling the water down. However, the force of air pressure in the bottle exceeds the force of gravity acting on the water. Therefore, water cannot enter the bottle.

If there is at least a small hole in the bottle or plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water will be able to flow into it.

dancing flakes

Some cereals are capable of making a lot of noise. Now we will find out if it is possible to teach rice flakes to jump and dance.

We will need:

paper towel
1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes
balloon
wool sweater

Training.

Sprinkle cereal on a towel.

Let's start the science magic!

Address the audience like this: "All of you, of course, know how rice flakes can crackle, crunch and rustle. And now I'll show you how they can jump and dance."
Inflate the balloon and tie it up.
Rub the ball on the wool sweater.
Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.

Result. The flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.

Explanation. Static electricity helps you in this experiment. Electricity is called static when there is no current, that is, the movement of charge. It is formed by the friction of objects, in this case a ball and a sweater. All objects are made up of atoms, and each atom contains an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. When these charges are equal, the object is called neutral or uncharged. But there are objects, such as hair or wool, that lose their electrons very easily. If you rub the ball on a woolen thing, some of the electrons will pass from the wool to the ball, and it will acquire a negative static charge.

When you bring a negatively charged ball close to the flakes, the electrons in them begin to repel from it and move to the opposite side. Thus, the top side of the flakes facing the ball becomes positively charged, and the ball attracts them to itself.

If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will become neutral again, and will no longer attract flakes. They will fall back onto the table.

Sorting

Do you think it is possible to separate the mixed pepper and salt? If you master this experiment, then you will definitely cope with this difficult task!

We will need:

paper towel
1 teaspoon (5 ml) salt
1 teaspoon (5 ml) ground pepper
a spoon
wool sweater
assistant

Training:

Spread a paper towel on the table.
Sprinkle salt and pepper on it.

Let's start the science magic!

Invite someone from the audience to become your assistant.
Mix salt and pepper thoroughly with a spoon. Have a helper try to separate the salt from the pepper.
When your assistant is desperate to share them, invite him now to sit and watch.
Inflate the balloon, tie it off and rub it against the wool sweater.
Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What will you see?

Result. Pepper will stick to the ball, and salt will remain on the table.

Explanation. This is another example of the effect of static electricity. When you rub the ball with a woolen cloth, it acquires a negative charge. If you bring the ball to a mixture of pepper and salt, the pepper will begin to be attracted to it. This is because the electrons in the pepper grains tend to move as far away from the ball as possible. Consequently, the part of the peppercorns closest to the ball acquires a positive charge, and is attracted by the negative charge of the ball. The pepper sticks to the ball.

Salt is not attracted to the ball, since electrons move poorly in this substance. When you bring a charged ball to salt, its electrons still remain in their places. Salt from the side of the ball does not acquire a charge - it remains uncharged or neutral. Therefore, salt does not stick to a negatively charged ball.

flexible water

In previous experiments, you used static electricity to teach cereal to dance and separate pepper from salt. From this experience you will learn how static electricity affects ordinary water.

We will need:

water faucet and sink
wool sweater

Training:

To conduct the experiment, choose a place where you will have access to running water. The kitchen is perfect.

Let's start the science magic!

Announce to the audience: "Now you will see how my magic will control the water."
Open the faucet so that the water flows in a thin stream.
Say the magic words, calling the water jet to move. Nothing will change; then apologize and explain to the audience that you will have to use the help of your magic balloon and magic sweater.
Inflate the balloon and tie it up. Rub the ball on the sweater.
Again, say the magic words, and then bring the ball to a trickle of water. What will happen?

Result. The jet of water will deflect towards the ball.

Explanation. The electrons from the sweater during friction pass to the ball and give it a negative charge. This charge repels the electrons that are in the water, and they move to the part of the jet that is farthest from the ball. Closer to the ball, a positive charge arises in the water stream, and the negatively charged ball pulls it towards itself.

For the jet movement to be visible, it must be small. The static electricity accumulated on the ball is relatively small and cannot be moved. a large number of water. If a trickle of water touches the balloon, it will lose its charge. The extra electrons will go into the water; both the balloon and the water will become electrically neutral, so the trickle will flow smoothly again.

A source:

Jim Wise "Entertaining chemistry, physics, biology";
N.M. Zubkov "Scientific answers to children's "why". Experiments and experiments for children from 5 to 9 years old".

Discussion

Very entertaining) Did only salty dough instead of plasticine. It molds well. You just need to store it properly so that it does not dry out.

We lived in the city of Krasnovishersk, where employees of a local enterprise were given coupons for milk. There was a lot of milk and some of it was sour. My daughter and I made cottage cheese ourselves and we called it "Cottage cheese from the village"

Great collection of experiences! Thank you

27.12.2009 10:41:06, Aida Gorbunova

Comment on the article "Entertaining experiments in the kitchen"

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When my daughter found out that I wanted to write a negative review about her home chemistry kit, she said, "Mom, don't give a bad review." But still I am writing a review, mom, and a review for the same moms and dads, so I will express my personal opinion.

I had a set "Young Chemist" in my childhood - I loved it, although I don't remember why. I don’t remember what chemical experiments he allowed to do, but I remember that I loved this set, although I wasn’t particularly fond of chemistry. So I bought (fool!) under the impressions of my childhood a similar set for my daughter - a set for experiments "Experiments in chemistry in the kitchen" from Ranok-Creative...

Before I get indignant, I will give the same dialogue with my daughter (13 years old) about the review:

Mom, you don't need a bad review.
Did you like the set?
Dotsya, you've had it for over a year now. How many times have you used it?

As they say, no comment.

But I will comment on a few of the declared 100 experiments, even in the pictures I will comment, so as not to be unfounded! Pictures - photos from the pages of the instructions.

Example #1. Here are descriptions of two different experiments on descaling a kettle (do not look that there are numbers 3 and 4 - these experiments are generally from different sections, even just coincided):

The only difference is that in one case they take vinegar, and in the other lemon juice.

Example 2 Again, two different experiments from two different sections, this time we mix acid and soda:

The only difference is that in one case they take vinegar, and in the other citric acid and water.

Example 3 Now we make "submarines" - we study the density of fresh and salt water (the sections are different again):

The only difference is that in one case they take a potato, and in the other an egg.

I took examples offhand, there are such a sea!

NOW I HAVE SEVERAL QUESTIONS:

Question 1: And what's with the set? In the given examples, none of the set is used! With the same success, release a simple instruction as an independent brochure, and parents will not overpay for a beautiful box!

Question 2: What kind of children are these experiments designed for? Written 10+, but I'm not interested in age, but rather the level of knowledge. If a child understands the given formulas, then he certainly knows that the reaction of soda with acid will be the same, even take vinegar, even a solution of citric acid. And if the child is so small that he is directly interested in doing these experiments separately, then what for do you even give formulas ?!

Question 3: How many experiences are you talking about? one hundred? And if you remove these repetitions? If you just write in my first example that instead of vinegar, you can take lemon juice? And in other examples if done similarly? Will this be 50 experiments? Well, even the brochure will be twice as thin!

Question 4: In my last example with an egg and potatoes, where is the chemistry at all ?! Am I the only one who thinks this is physics? Probably not one, because the experience with an egg on the internet is described everywhere in the physics section ...

FIRE, not a SET!

90% of the experiments are carried out without the kit at all!

My daughter persuaded me to rate not 2, but 3, citing the fact that "there are still some interesting experiences". Ok, I put 3. With a stretch. With a creaking heart. Solely for the sake of "a few interesting experiments" ...

P.S: Buy a better electronic designer Connoisseur - you definitely won't regret it! Suitable for both girls and boys. In the review, I described various real jokes with him - a very funny thing, if you show a little imagination

Who loved chemistry labs at school? It is interesting, after all, it was to mix something with something and get a new substance. True, it didn’t always work out the way it was described in the textbook, but no one suffered about this, did they? The main thing is that something happens, and we saw it right in front of us.

If in real life if you are not a chemist and do not face much more complex experiments every day at work, then these experiments that can be carried out at home will definitely amuse you, at least.

lava lamp

For experience you need:
– Transparent bottle or vase
— Water
- Sunflower oil
- Food coloring
- Several effervescent tablets "Suprastin"

Mix water with food coloring sunflower oil. You don't need to mix, and you won't be able to. When a clear line between water and oil is visible, we throw a couple of Suprastin tablets into the container. Watching lava flows.

Since the density of oil is lower than that of water, it remains on the surface, with an effervescent tablet creating bubbles that carry water to the surface.

Elephant Toothpaste

For experience you need:
- Bottle
- small cup
— Water
- Dish detergent or liquid soap
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Fast acting nutritional yeast
- Food coloring

Mix liquid soap, hydrogen peroxide and food coloring in a bottle. In a separate cup, dilute the yeast with water and pour the resulting mixture into a bottle. We look at the eruption.

Yeast releases oxygen, which reacts with hydrogen and is pushed out. Due to the soap suds, a dense mass erupts from the bottle.

Hot Ice

For experience you need:
- container for heating
- Clear glass cup
- Plate
- 200 g baking soda
- 200 ml of acetic acid or 150 ml of its concentrate
- crystallized salt

We mix acetic acid and soda in a saucepan, wait until the mixture stops sizzling. We turn on the stove and evaporate excess moisture until an oily film appears on the surface. The resulting solution is poured into a clean container and cooled to room temperature. Then add a crystal of soda and watch how the water “freezes” and the container becomes hot.

Heated and mixed vinegar and soda form sodium acetate, which, when melted, becomes an aqueous solution of sodium acetate. When salt is added to it, it begins to crystallize and release heat.

rainbow in milk

For experience you need:
- Milk
- Plate
- Liquid food coloring in several colors
- cotton swab
— Detergent

Pour milk into a plate, drip dyes in several places. Wet a cotton swab in detergent, dip it into a bowl of milk. Let's see the rainbow.

In the liquid part there is a suspension of droplets of fat, which, in contact with detergent split and rush from the inserted stick in all directions. A regular circle is formed due to surface tension.

Smoke without fire

For experience you need:
– Hydroperite
— Analgin
- Mortar and pestle (can be replaced with a ceramic cup and spoon)

The experiment is best done in a well-ventilated area.
We grind hydroperite tablets to a powder, we do the same with analgin. We mix the resulting powders, wait a bit, see what happens.

During the reaction, hydrogen sulfide, water and oxygen are formed. This leads to partial hydrolysis with the elimination of methylamine, which interacts with hydrogen sulfide, a suspension of its small crystals which resembles smoke.

pharaoh snake

For experience you need:
- Calcium gluconate
- Dry fuel
- Matches or lighter

We put several tablets of calcium gluconate on dry fuel, set fire to it. Let's look at the snakes.

Calcium gluconate decomposes when heated, which leads to an increase in the volume of the mixture.

non-newtonian fluid

For experience you need:

- mixing bowl
- 200 g cornstarch
- 400 ml of water

Gradually add water to the starch and stir. Try to make the mixture homogeneous. Now try to roll the ball out of the resulting mass and hold it.

The so-called non-Newtonian fluid behaves like a solid body during fast interaction, and like a liquid during slow interaction.

After a few hours, unsalted, clean drinking water will accumulate in the glass.

This is explained simply: the water begins to evaporate in the sun, the condensate settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. Salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis.

Now that you know how to get fresh water, you can safely go to the sea and not be afraid of thirst. There is a lot of water in the sea, and you can always get the purest drinking water from it.

live yeast

Tell the children that yeast is made up of tiny living organisms called microbes (meaning that microbes can be good as well as bad). When they feed, they release carbon dioxide, which, mixed with flour, sugar and water, “raises” the dough, making it lush and tasty.

Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until the millions of tiny microbes that dormant in a cold and dry form come to life.

Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons of warm water into a pitcher, add two teaspoons of yeast to it, then one teaspoon of sugar and stir.

Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle, pulling a balloon over its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water.

Ask the guys what will happen?

That's right, when the yeast comes to life and starts eating sugar, the mixture will fill with bubbles of carbon dioxide already familiar to children, which they begin to release. The bubbles burst and the gas inflates the balloon.

A similar experience with inflating a balloon can be done by replacing the yeast with a solution of soda and vinegar.

Is the coat warm?

This experience should be very popular with children.

Buy two cups of paper-wrapped ice cream. Unfold one of them and put on a saucer. And wrap the second one right in the wrapper in a clean towel and wrap it well with a fur coat.

After 30 minutes, unwrap the wrapped ice cream and place it unwrapped on a saucer. Expand and the second ice cream. Compare both portions. Surprised? What about your children?

Everything is explained simply. The fur coat stopped letting the room heat in to the ice cream. And from this, the ice cream in a fur coat became cold, so the ice cream did not melt.

Now the question is also natural: “Why does a person put on a fur coat in the cold?” Answer: To keep warm.

When a person puts on a fur coat at home, he is warm, but the fur coat does not let heat out into the street, so the person does not freeze.

Ask the child if he knows that there are “fur coats” made of glass?

This is a thermos. It has double walls, and between them is a void. Heat does not pass through the void. Therefore, when we pour hot tea into a thermos, it stays hot for a long time. And if you pour cold water into it, what will happen to it? The child can now answer this question himself.

If he still finds it difficult to answer, let him do one more experiment: pour cold water into a thermos and check it in 30 minutes.

Thrust funnel

Can a funnel "refuse" to let water into a bottle? Let's check!

We will need:

- 2 funnels
- two identical clean dry plastic bottles of 1 liter
- plasticine
- jug of water

Training:

1. Insert a funnel into each bottle.
2. Coat the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Announce to the audience: "I have a magic funnel that keeps water out of the bottle."
2. Take a bottle without plasticine and pour some water into it through a funnel. Explain to the audience, “This is how most funnels behave.”
3. Put a bottle of plasticine on the table.
4. Fill the funnel with water up to the top. See what will happen.

Result:

A little water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing altogether.

Explanation:

If there is at least a small hole in the bottle or plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water will be able to flow into it.

dancing flakes

Some cereals are capable of making a lot of noise. Now we will find out if it is possible to teach rice flakes to jump and dance.

We will need:

- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes
- balloon
- wool sweater

Training:

2. Sprinkle cereal on a towel.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Address the audience like this: “You all, of course, know how rice flakes can crack, crunch and rustle. And now I'll show you how they can jump and dance."
2. Inflate the balloon and tie it up.
3. Rub the ball on the wool sweater.
4. Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.

Result:

The flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.

Explanation:

Static electricity helps you in this experiment. Electricity is called static when there is no current, that is, the movement of charge. It is formed by the friction of objects, in this case a ball and a sweater. All objects are made up of atoms, and each atom contains an equal number of protons and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. When these charges are equal, the object is called neutral or uncharged. But there are objects, such as hair or wool, that lose their electrons very easily. If you rub the ball on a woolen thing, some of the electrons will pass from the wool to the ball, and it will acquire a negative static charge.

If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will become neutral again, and will no longer attract flakes. They will fall back onto the table.

Sorting

Do you think it is possible to separate the mixed pepper and salt? If you master this experiment, then you will definitely cope with this difficult task!

We will need:

- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) salt
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) ground pepper
- a spoon
- balloon
- wool sweater
- assistant

Training:

1. Spread a paper towel on the table.
2. Sprinkle salt and pepper on it.

Let's start the science magic!

1. Invite someone from the audience to become your assistant.
2. Mix salt and pepper thoroughly with a spoon. Have a helper try to separate the salt from the pepper.
3. When your assistant is desperate to share them, invite him to sit and watch now.
4. Inflate the balloon, tie it off and rub it against the wool sweater.
5. Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What will you see?

Result:

Pepper will stick to the ball, and salt will remain on the table.

Explanation:

This is another example of the effect of static electricity. When you rub the ball with a woolen cloth, it acquires a negative charge. If you bring the ball to a mixture of pepper and salt, the pepper will begin to be attracted to it. This is because the electrons in the pepper grains tend to move as far away from the ball as possible. Consequently, the part of the peppercorns closest to the ball acquires a positive charge, and is attracted by the negative charge of the ball. The pepper sticks to the ball.

flexible water

In previous experiments, you used static electricity to teach cereal to dance and separate pepper from salt. From this experience you will learn how static electricity affects ordinary water.

We will need:

- faucet and sink
- balloon
- wool sweater

Training:

To conduct the experiment, choose a place where you will have access to running water. The kitchen is perfect.

Let's start the science magic! 1. Announce to the audience: "Now you will see how my magic will control the water."
2. Open the faucet so that the water flows in a thin stream.
3. Say the magic words to make the water jet move. Nothing will change; then apologize and explain to the audience that you will have to use the help of your magic balloon and magic sweater.
4. Inflate the balloon and tie it up. Rub the ball on the sweater.
5. Say the magic words again, and then bring the ball to a trickle of water. What will happen?

Result:

The jet of water will deflect towards the ball.

Explanation:

The electrons from the sweater during friction pass to the ball and give it a negative charge. This charge repels the electrons that are in the water, and they move to the part of the jet that is farthest from the ball. Closer to the ball, a positive charge arises in the water stream, and the negatively charged ball pulls it towards itself.

For the jet movement to be visible, it must be small. The static electricity that accumulates on the ball is relatively small, and it cannot move a large amount of water. If a trickle of water touches the balloon, it will lose its charge. The extra electrons will go into the water; both the balloon and the water will become electrically neutral, so the trickle will flow smoothly again.

We make cottage cheese

Grandmothers, who are over 50 years old, remember well how they themselves made cottage cheese for their children. You can show this process to a child.

Warm the milk by pouring a little lemon juice into it (calcium chloride can also be used). Show the children how the milk immediately curdled into large flakes with whey on top.

Drain the resulting mass through several layers of gauze and leave for 2-3 hours.

You've made a wonderful curd.

Pour syrup over it and offer the child for dinner. We are sure that even those children who do not like this dairy product will not be able to refuse a delicacy prepared with their own participation.

How to make ice cream?

For ice cream you will need: cocoa, sugar, milk, sour cream. You can add grated chocolate, waffle crumbs or small pieces of cookies to it.

Mix two tablespoons of cocoa, one tablespoon of sugar, four tablespoons of milk and two tablespoons of sour cream in a bowl. Add cookie and chocolate crumbs. Ice cream is ready. Now it needs to be cooled down.

Take a larger bowl, put ice in it, sprinkle it with salt, mix. Place a bowl of ice cream on top of ice and cover with a towel to keep heat out. Stir ice cream every 3-5 minutes. If you have enough patience, then after about 30 minutes the ice cream will thicken and you can try it. Yummy?

How does our homemade refrigerator work? It is known that ice melts at a temperature of zero degrees. Salt also delays the cold, does not allow the ice to melt quickly. Therefore, salt ice keeps cold longer. Moreover, the towel does not allow warm air to penetrate to the ice cream. And the result? Ice cream is beyond praise!

Let's beat down the butter

If you live in the summer in the country, then you probably take natural milk from a thrush. Do experiments with milk with the children.

Prepare a liter jar. Fill it with milk and refrigerate for 2-3 days. Show the children how the milk has separated into lighter cream and heavy skimmed milk.

Collect the cream in a jar with an airtight lid. And if you have patience and free time, then shake the jar for half an hour in turns with the children until the balls of fat merge together and form oil lumps. You can put a few glass balls in a jar along with the cream so that the butter whips faster.

Believe me, children have never eaten such delicious butter.

Homemade lollipops

Cooking is a fun activity. Now let's make homemade lollipops.

To do this, you need to prepare a glass of warm water, in which to dissolve as much granulated sugar as it can dissolve. Then take a straw for a cocktail, tie a clean thread to it, attaching a small piece of pasta to the end of it (it is best to use small pasta). Now it remains to put the straw on top of the glass, across, and lower the end of the thread with pasta into the sugar solution. And be patient.

When the water from the glass begins to evaporate, the sugar molecules will begin to approach and sweet crystals will begin to settle on the thread and on the pasta, taking on bizarre shapes.

Let your little one taste the lollipop. Yummy?

The same lollipops will be much tastier if jam syrup is added to the sugar solution. Then you get lollipops with different tastes: cherry, blackcurrant and others that he wants.

"Roasted" sugar

As soon as the sugar turns into a yellowish liquid, pour the contents of the spoon onto the saucer in small drops.

Taste your candies with your children. Liked? Then open a candy factory!

Changing the color of cabbage

Prepare a salad of thinly shredded red cabbage, grated with salt, and pour over with your child. apple cider vinegar(lemon juice) with sugar. Watch the cabbage turn from purple to bright red. This is the effect of acetic acid.

However, as the salad is stored, it may again turn purple or even turn blue. This happens because acetic acid is gradually diluted with cabbage juice, its concentration decreases and the color of the red cabbage dye changes. These are the transformations.

Why are unripe apples sour?

Unripe apples are high in starch and contain no sugar.

Starch is an unsweetened substance. Let the child lick the starch, and he will be convinced of this. How do you know if a product contains starch?

Make a weak solution of iodine. Drop them in a handful of flour, starch, on a piece of raw potato, on a slice of an unripe apple. The blue color that appears proves that all these products contain starch.

Repeat the experiment with the apple when it is fully ripe. And you will probably be surprised that you will no longer find starch in an apple. But now it has sugar in it. So, fruit ripening is a chemical process of converting starch into sugar.

edible glue

Your child needed glue for crafts, but the jar of glue was empty? Don't rush to the store to buy. Weld it yourself. What is familiar to you is unusual to a child.

I think the child will be surprised that this glue-jelly can be eaten with a spoon, or you can glue crafts with it.

Homemade sparkling water

Take two straws for a cocktail, but of different diameters, so that a few millimeters narrow fits snugly into a wider one. It turned out a long straw, made up of two. Make a vertical hole in the cork of a plastic bottle with a sharp object and insert either end of the straw there.

If there are no straws of different diameters, then you can make a small vertical incision in one and stick it into another straw. The main thing is to get a tight connection.

Pour water diluted with any jam into a glass, and pour half a tablespoon of soda into a bottle through a funnel. Then pour vinegar into the bottle - about one hundred milliliters.

Now you need to act very quickly: stick the cork with a straw into the bottle, and dip the other end of the straw into a glass of sweet water.

What's going on in the glass?

Explain to your child that the vinegar and baking soda have begun to actively interact with each other, releasing carbon dioxide bubbles. It rises up and passes through a straw into a glass with a drink, where bubbles come to the surface of the water. Here is sparkling water and ready.

Drown and eat

Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won't be able to drown him.

Peel the second orange and put it in the water. Well? Do you believe your eyes? The orange has sunk.

How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned and the other floated?

Explain to your child: “There are a lot of air bubbles in an orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange sinks because it is heavier than the water it displaces.

About the benefits of milk

Oddly enough, the best way to learn why you need to drink milk is to do an experiment with bones.

Take the eaten chicken bones, wash them properly, let them dry. Then pour vinegar in a bowl so that it covers the bones completely, close the lid and leave for a week.

After seven days, drain the vinegar, carefully examine and touch the bones. They have become flexible. Why?

It turns out that calcium gives strength to bones. Calcium dissolves in acetic acid, and the bones lose their hardness.

You want to ask: “What does milk have to do with it?”

Milk is known to be rich in calcium. Milk is useful because it replenishes our body with calcium, which means it makes our bones hard and strong.

Where is more calcium? In almonds, sesame, broccoli, oatmeal.

Knowing chemistry from school, it seems boring and incomprehensible to us. But for a child, it can be a really exciting activity. Surprise your little one with the magic of magical science by conducting simple chemistry experiments with him.

The first stage of acquaintance with chemistry is alkali and acid. To have an exciting chemistry experiments for kids Houses, in gardening stores you can buy indicators for determining acidity and alkali. Invite your child to moisten the indicator in any liquid, be it saliva, water, tea, soup, etc. And you will see how the indicator will change color. The child will really like it, and mom will have some free time while her baby will explore the whole house.

natural indicators

As you know, vegetables, fruits, flowers contain substances that change color depending on the acidic environment. For example, you can take any material (dry, fresh, frozen) to prepare a decoction from it. And in this broth to conduct experiments on the content of acidity and alkali. The broth itself has a neutral environment. For an acidic environment, take a solution of vinegar (or a solution of citric acid), and for an alkaline solution, a baking soda solution is suitable. All solutions must be prepared immediately before the experiment.

Take the empty cells from under the eggs, fill them with a solution of soda and vinegar in rows so that there is a cell with acid opposite the cell with alkali. Then pour the prepared broth into each cell and follow the changes. The child can be offered to write down the results in a table, or draw color changes with paints.

Spectacular experiments to determine alkali and acidity

In a glass or in a jar of water, dissolve a tablet of phenolphthalein ("purgen"). The solution is transparent. We add alkali (a solution of baking soda), the solution has acquired a pink-raspberry color. Then add citric acid (vinegar) - the solution became colorless again. Beauty! Such an experience in chemistry for children is remembered for a long time.

And one more interesting experience. Basically, all women cook pastries. Baking soda and vinegar are used to prepare the dough. And the children, as always, are next to their mother. So, for the experience, take more soda, put it on a plate and pour vinegar directly from the bottle. There will be a violent neutralization reaction with a real boil. Be careful not to bend over the plate!

After the child's emotions have subsided, he can be interested in writing secret notes. Take a brush or pen and dip in milk. Write a message on white paper. Let dry. Hold over steam or iron to read. Instead of milk, you can take lemon juice and also write on white paper, but you can read such a note with an iodine solution (dissolve a few drops in water), which you need to slightly moisten the text.

The reaction to iodine can also determine the presence of starch in potatoes, margarine, green leaves. And the presence of protein (for example, in broth or milk) can be determined using washing soda and copper sulfate.

No less interesting is the experience of growing crystals from salt and the experiment with water and a drop of ink. The number of examples for conducting experiments at home is unlimited. Surprise your child and perhaps boring and difficult science will become his favorite hobby!