Caucasian. Cherry variety: Caucasian Which of the early varieties are worthy of attention

Characteristics of the Caucasian cherry variety.

Originator: North Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture. With the participation of Napoleon white cherries and Anadol cherries.

Sweet cherry variety of early flowering period, medium early ripening period. Variety of universal purpose, the fruits are suitable for fresh dessert consumption and various kinds technical processing.

The tree is fast-growing, medium-sized with a broadly oval, medium density and leafy crown. The annual shoot is light brown with a green color and a gray bloom. Kidneys of medium size, generative oval, elongated, vegetative - cone-shaped. The leaf is oval and narrowly oval (15.0 x 6.8), of medium size, dark green in color without anthocyanin, the apex is strongly pointed, the base is sharp or broadly wedge-shaped, the serration is doubly serrated, the leaf blade is flat, matte, with slight pubescence along the lower surface. The petiole is of medium length and thickness, with anthocyanin coloration along the entire length, the glands are well colored, located 2-3 per petiole. The flowers are collected in inflorescences of 2-3, above average size, saucer-shaped, the petals are rounded, freely arranged, pink, the color intensifies when flowering. The stamens are short and medium, the pistil is long (1.8 cm) located above the anthers. The calyx is goblet with even sepals. It bears fruit on bouquet twigs (up to 82%) and the base of growth shoots.

Fruits of medium size (6.0-6.5 g), the maximum weight of the fruit reaches 7.5 g, broadly oval (2.4 x 2.3 x 2.1), the funnel is small, almost without a recess, the top is round, integumentary color dark red, flesh is dark red, medium density, juicy. The juice is dark red, bright. The stone is oval (0.2 g), light beige, the apex and base are rounded, freely separated from the pulp. The peduncle is of medium length and thickness, well separated from the fruit, the separation is dry.
The fruits are attractive, shiny, smooth, with high taste (tasting score 4.8 points) resistant to cracking. Contain 17.4% solids, 12.0% sugars, 0.6% acids, 11.3 mg/100 g of ascorbic acid, 38.4 mg/100 g of vitamin P.

The sweet cherry variety exhibits high winter hardiness in extreme winter conditions, medium resistance to spring frosts. Drought tolerance is sufficient. The variety is practically resistant to major fungal diseases, weakly susceptible to coccomycosis. Aphids are only slightly affected; cherry fly damage was not observed.

Enters fruiting at the age of 5 years. Self-infertile. The yield of the Caucasian sweet cherry variety is high, in favorable years, during the period of full fruiting reaches over 60 kg/tree. – 12.5 t/ha (planting pattern 8 x 6). Fruit transportability is very good.

Variety value: marketability and high quality of fruits, resistance to major diseases, high productivity. Disadvantages: insufficient resistance to spring frosts.

Zoned and approved for industrial use in the North Caucasus region.

Workshop on engineering graphics () Title: Workshop on engineering graphics Author: Brodsky A.M., Fazlulin E.M., Khaldinov V.A. Publisher: Academy Year: Pages: ISBN: Projection drawing. Working drawings Title: Projection drawing. Working drawings Author: Dmitrienko L.V. Publisher: Publishing House of the Pacific State. university Year: Pages: Format: Calculation and design of power supply schemes Title: Calculation and design of power supply schemes

Publisher: M.: FORUM: INFRA-M Year: Pages: Format: pdf. K 68 Drawing for the builder: Proc. for prof. textbook institutions \Yu. I. Koroev - 8th ed., stereotype. –M.: Higher. school, -s: pers. B.G. Mironov, R.S. Mironov. M 64 Collection of problems in engineering graphics: Proc. allowance. e ed., corrected. The task book on modeling is part of the educational and methodological set for the discipline "Informatics and ICT" for the basic level in high school.

You can start working with this problem book with 9 Modeling Problem. class A basic level of. Under the editorship of N.V. Makarova. download in PDF. The task book on modeling is part of the educational and methodological set for the discipline "Informatics and ICT" for the basic level in high school.

You can start working with this problem book from the 9th grade after mastering the technology of working in the main software environments presented in the book “Informatics and ICT.

Workshop. Class". Mironova R. S., Mironov B. G. M64 Collection of tasks for drawing: Proc. allowance for. non-machine building specialist. technical schools. -M.: Higher. shk., - p., ill. It includes elements that are often used in assignments for city and technical school Olympiads, but are not considered in drawing problem books for technical schools. Exercise 42 is recommended for groups based on 8 grades, and exercise 4 3 is recommended for groups based on 10 grades. The manual contains examples of performing graphic works and exercises, which greatly facilitates the work, since the student clearly sees what and how to draw.

N. S. Generalova, N. A. Mironova. GDZ in German. GDZ drawing class: Homework on drawing for e classes to the textbook A. D. Botvinnikova Drawing. All the best. gdz for drawing class 9 ready tasks according to the textbook of drawing BG Mironova GDZ Russian language Pichugov GDZ on drawing 8th grade Botvinnikov graphic works professional.

Balandin, Mironov - "Tangle" around site2. Balenko - Special Forces Survival Textbook site Balmasov Minimum USE scores in all subjects for a year have been established. Rosobrnadzor. Task book for classes of educational institutions. A.G. Mordkovich, L.O. Denishcheva, T.A. Koreshkova, T.N.

Mishustin, E.E. More. We will study on the example of the "suspension" part, R. S. Mironova's problem book, year, p. 18, option 6. finished drawing of the part with conjugation. Drawing analysis. Options for self-fulfillment. "Collection of tasks on engineering graphics" R.S. Mironova, B.G. Mironov. page Download material. Collection of tasks on engineering graphics with examples of drawings on a computer

etc. Genre: Drafting Publisher: Vysshaya Shkola ISBN: Language: Russian Format: DjVu Quality: Scanned pages Number of pages: Description: In the manual, in a sufficient number of options, tasks are given for graphic works and exercises on all topics of engineering graphics programs, which allows use tasks of varying complexity depending on the degree of preparedness of students. Textbook. - 2nd ed., corrected. and additional - M.: Academy, - p. The textbook explains quite well theoretical basis descriptive geometry and projection drawing, various geometric constructions, issues of drawing technique, technical drawing and the use of drawing tools and accessories are described, which allows not only to acquire knowledge of the theory of the subject, but also to master the practical skills of drawing.

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Small workshop on hydrobiology (Yashnov V.A.) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 46 47 48 49 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 58 59 61 62 64 65 66 68 68 69 70 71 72 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 82 83 84 86 87 88 89 89 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 Discipline "Workshop in hydrobiology" is based on the courses of the basic part of the natural science cycle and on the materials of professional disciplines.

Students enrolled in this course at the first stage should know the basics. hydrobiology and ecology of aquatic organisms, to have an idea of ​​diversity. flora and fauna of the World Ocean, about live food and food organisms. The discipline is aimed at the formation of professional competencies of the graduate: PC - 3, PC - 11, PC - Book Berezina, Natalya Alekseevna. Workshop on hydrobiology / N. A. Berezina. – M.: Agropromizdat, – p.: ill. –. Small workshop on hydrobiology. Small workshop on hydrobiology.

Yashnov V.A. Download (djvu, Mb) Read. - Tyumen, - 86 p. 2. Berezina N.A. Workshop on hydrobiology.- M., p. 3. Guidelines for the organization independent work on a special course "Methods of hydrobiological research" for students of the specialty / N.M.

Kryuchkova, Yu.S. Potaenko, L.V. Kamluk and others - Minsk, 53 p. 4. Salazkin A.A., Ogorodnikova V.A. Guidelines for the collection and processing of materials for hydrobiological studies in freshwater reservoirs.

Tasks, methods for studying the use of food base by fish.- L., Work

When talking about the most delicious fruits in the world, exotic tropical or subtropical fruits are often referred to: South Asian dope, American anona cherimoya or Chinese lychee.

As for the fruits of the temperate zone, here, in our opinion, sweet cherries have no competitors. Perhaps this is the only culture whose fruits never become boring. At the best varieties the weight of the fruit exceeds 10 g, and the taste is simply excellent.

Cherry selection for the south

At the same time, work was underway to improve the assortment for the south of the European part. former USSR. Here, in contrast to the north, high quality fruits had to be sacrificed to a much lesser extent for winter hardiness. Therefore, many new varieties of sweet cherries in the southern zone are distinguished by large, beautiful and very tasty fruits.
Cherry breeding in the south was carried out by many scientific institutions: the Nikitsky Botanical Garden in the Crimea, the Ukrainian Institute of Irrigated Horticulture (Melitopol), the North Caucasian Zonal Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture (Krasnodar), the Dagestan and Donetsk, Mlievsky experimental stations of horticulture. Particularly impressive success was achieved in the Ukrainian Research Institute of Irrigated Horticulture (breeders M.T. Oratovskiy and N.I. Turovtsev) and at the former Donetsk Horticulture Experimental Station (L.I. Taranenko). The best varieties from the implementation of these breeding programs appeared in the 80-90s of the last century - the time of the collapse of the USSR and violent upheavals. During the Goth period, there was no time for gardening, so these new varieties of sweet cherries are little known even to specialists.
Very good varieties in recent decades have also been created in Canada (we describe some of them in this article).

Varieties of different maturation periods

The cherry season in the south lasts approximately 1.5 months. Here in Rossosh (Voronezh region) it usually lasts from May 30 to July 10 and is divided into 7 periods: very early ripening (May 30 - June 10), early (June 11-15), medium-early (16-20 June), medium (June 21-25), medium-late (June 26-30), late (July 1-10) and very late (July 11 and later). Such a division is very conditional and is based on the fact that ripe cherry fruits are able to remain on the tree for no more than 5 days without loss of quality and shedding. Therefore, each ripening period consists of 5 days, except for very early and late ones. The last two have 2 five-day periods each and, accordingly, contain 2 groups of varieties - more rapid and later.
Very early varieties are not distinguished by high fruit quality, especially those ripening in 1 five days. They are small (for the earlier group no larger than 5 g, for the later 7 g), with delicate watery pulp, and not very transportable. Trees and flower buds have reduced winter hardiness even for southern varieties. Their main advantage is very early ripening. These varieties of cherries, along with the earliest strawberries and edible honeysuckle, open the fruit and berry season.
The best fruit quality in varieties of medium late ripening. There are few very late varieties, among them Studentka variety stands out, the fruits of which ripen unusually late - at the end of July.
The fruits of the varieties with light flesh differ in taste from those colored. They usually have a simple taste, sweet with a little acidity, the best yellow varieties(for example, Rossoshanskaya gold), it is very sweet, with a honey flavor. Gem-colored varieties have a more concentrated taste. The best of them are characterized by a special noble burning taste, reminiscent of the taste of expensive chocolates with cognac.
Such a taste of dark-colored cherry fruits is due to the high content of coloring substances in them - anthocyanins, which are also found in red wine. In the human body, they play an important role as antioxidants that inhibit the development of a number of dangerous diseases, including cancer, and prevent the aging of the body. But such a high concentration is not always useful for people with diseases of the cardiovascular system, so yellow and pink varieties are preferable for them.

Winter hardiness of southern varieties

The wild cherry varieties described in this article are suitable for industrial cultivation only in the south of Russia: the southern half of the Rostov and Volgograd regions, the Krasnodar and Stavropol regions and the republics of the North Caucasus. But even here, in particularly severe winters (such as last winter 2005-2006) with frosts below -30°C, they freeze quite strongly.
In the south of the Central Chernozem region, these varieties tolerate typical winters well, but in severe winters, which occur approximately once every 10 years, they freeze or even freeze out a lot. After typical winters, they bear fruit profusely, so they can be grown here on household plots especially in protected areas. Very good results are obtained by their cultivation on winter-hardy skeleton-formers, which can be vigorous varieties of cherries: Ostheim Griot, Shubinka, local forms.
In the more northern regions (Non-Chernozem, North-West, the Urals and even Western Siberia), very good results are obtained when growing sweet cherries in a creeping form (in the 70s of the last century, this method was strongly promoted by an amateur gardener from the Moscow region A.V. Bychkovsky). The following is a brief description of the best sweet cherry varieties for the southern horticultural zone based on the results of their 10-year test at the Rossoshanskaya zonal horticultural experimental station.

Varieties of very early maturity

Ruby early
The variety was bred at the Ukrainian Research Institute of Irrigated Horticulture (Melitopol). In the south of the Voronezh region, it showed satisfactory winter hardiness of the tree and flower buds in typical winters for the region, but for industrial gardens it can only be recommended for areas located south of Rostov-on-Don.
The yield is high. The fruits are small, with an average weight of 3-4 g, round or slightly round-oval, rather bumpy, dark red. The pulp is red, tender, sweet with a slight acidity, simple pleasant taste with a tasting score of 4.3 points. The fruits ripen very early, in Rossosh usually in late May - early June, in more southern regions - in mid-May and even earlier.
Donetsk early
The variety was bred at the former Donetsk Horticulture Experimental Station (Artemoven, Donetsk region), but in this zone it showed insufficient winter hardiness. He showed himself very well in Moldova, where he was allocated by the Moldovan Research Institute of Fruit Growing and Viticulture and zoned. In the south of the Voronezh region, it is not winter-hardy; trees freeze strongly in warm winters with strong return frosts in late February - early March. It can be recommended only for the southern regions of the European part of the former USSR.
In favorable conditions, the yield is high. The fruits are below medium size, with an average weight of 4-5 g, round or slightly heart-shaped, dark red. The flesh is red, quite firm for such a ripening period, slightly crispy, very sweet with a slight acidity, good or excellent taste with a tasting score of 4.5 points. The fruits ripen very early, along with Ruby early, in the south of the Voronezh region in late May - early June.
Early rose
The variety was bred at the former Donetsk Horticulture Experimental Station. Not enough winter-hardy in the south of the Voronezh region, trees freeze significantly in mild winters with sharp temperature fluctuations in February-March.
Productivity after favorable winters is good. The fruits are medium or rather large, weighing 6-7 g, round or flat-round, creamy yellow with a beautiful reddish-pink blush on the sunny side. The pulp is creamy white, rather tender, very juicy, moderately sweet with a pleasant acidity, simple taste with a tasting score of 4.2 points. The fruits ripen very early, in Rossosh in the 1st decade of June, about 5 days later than Ruby early.
Krasnodar early
The variety was bred in the North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture, (Krasnodar). Showed good winter hardiness in mild winters with sharp fluctuations in temperature and high yields in the south of the Voronezh region. One of the most winter-hardy varieties of very early ripening.
Fruits are below average size, weighing 4-5 g, rounded, dark red. The flesh is dark red, medium density, sweet with slight acidity and pleasant aroma, good or excellent taste with a tasting score of 4.5 points. The fruits in the south of the Voronezh region ripen in the 1st decade of June, together with the early pink or 2-3 days later.
Dagestan early
The variety was bred at the Dagestan Experimental Horticulture Station (Buinaksk, Dagestan). In the south of the Voronezh region, it showed only satisfactory winter hardiness, trees are largely affected by freezing of the cambium in mild winters with sharp temperature fluctuations.
Productivity with favorable overwintering of flower buds is high. The fruits are medium, weighing 5-6 g, rounded, dark red. The pulp is red, medium density, juicy, sweet with a pleasant acidity, the taste is simple with a tasting score of 4.4 points. The fruits ripen in the south of the Voronezh region at the end of the 1st decade of June, 3-4 days later than the early pink.

Varieties of early ripening

Valery Chkalov
This most popular early variety was bred in the 1930s jointly by the former CHL (now the All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Fruit Plants, Michurinsk) and the Ukrainian Research Institute of Irrigated Horticulture (Melitopol). The tree is satisfactorily winter-hardy in the south of the Voronezh region, the boles are resistant to sunburn, the cambium suffers relatively little from sharp temperature fluctuations in mild winters. But with prolonged severe frosts, branches of the crown, even skeletal ones, freeze out. Flower buds often freeze slightly, so the yield is usually low.
The fruits are large, with an average weight of 8-9 g, heart-shaped, dark red, almost black when fully ripe. The pulp is red, rather dense, sweet with a slight acidity and a strong noble aftertaste, the taste is good or excellent with a tasting score of 4.6 points. Taste varies greatly from year to year. The most delicious fruits occur in years when during ripening there is hot, dry weather with daytime temperatures of 30 ° C and above. If at this time it is cool and it rains, excess acid is felt in the fruits to the detriment of their taste, and the noble taste appears very weakly or disappears.
The fruits ripen early, in the south of the Voronezh region usually on June 10-12, not at the same time, individual fruits acquire color and taste 3-5 days earlier than the bulk. This property, undesirable for an industrial grade, has an undoubted advantage in home gardening.
gardening, when the fruits can be removed in several steps.
Lesya
The variety was bred at the former Donetsk Horticulture Experimental Station by crossing the very winter-hardy northern variety Krasnaya Plotnaya with Valeriy Chkalov. The winter hardiness of the tree in the south of the Voronezh region is satisfactory. Trees in unstable winters with sharp fluctuations in temperature freeze even slightly stronger than the Valery Chkalov variety, but the flowering nights are much more stable, so the yield is more than 2 times higher compared to the mentioned variety.
Lesya also begins fruiting much earlier and already at a young age brings high yields. This variety shows itself especially well on the skeleton-forming vigorous winter-hardy varieties. The fruits are large, weighing 7-8 g, heart-shaped, dark red, almost black. The pulp is dark red, medium density, juicy, sweet with a little acid, tasting score 4.4 points.
The fruits ripen early, in Rossosh on average June 10-12. This variety is less demanding on heat during the period of fruit ripening and, in cool weather at this time, has better taste qualities compared to the Valery Chkalov variety. In such years, Lesya ripens 2-3 days earlier than Valery Chkalov, while in hot weather this variety ripens earlier than Lesya for the same period.
(To be continued).

Sweet cherry, or bird cherry, is one of the most ancient and beloved by gardeners. fruit trees, having a very small distribution region, limited to areas of southern Europe with temperate climate, Asia Minor and the Caucasus. It is quite demanding in care, but it grows very quickly and begins to bear fruit early. The fruits ripen already at the very beginning of the season (May - June) and are distinguished not only by their wonderful taste, but also by a rich set of vitamins, organic acids, micro and macro elements.

As a result of centuries-old selection, which took place spontaneously for a long time, more than 4 thousand varieties of bird cherries were obtained, so it is quite difficult for a novice gardener to navigate in such a variety. All existing varieties traditionally divided into early, middle and late. Among them there are self-fertile and self-pollinated varieties, with different resistance to natural vagaries, significantly differing in appearance and fruit quality. At the beginning of the last century, Russian scientists began to breed winter-hardy sweet cherries that can withstand the frosts of the middle zone.

Which of the early varieties are worthy of attention?

Cherry is one of those berries that we can taste in late spring by planting one of the early ripening varieties. At proper care already at the end of May, a vitamin dessert appears on our table and not only pleasantly diversifies the menu, but also helps the body to quickly cope with spring beriberi. Most of the early ripening varieties are more resistant to return frosts, and juicy and tender berries are very tasty fresh, but do not tolerate transportation.

and the way- productive self-fertile variety, zoned in the Central and Central Black Earth regions. Medium-sized trees have good winter hardiness, especially flower buds, and high resistance to fungal diseases. They form an early harvest of dark red heart-shaped berries above average in size (up to 10 g), which become almost black when overripe. Tender and juicy, but dense flesh has an excellent moderately sweet taste. Harvest is universal in application.

Ovstudenka- self-infertile sweet cherry of early ripening, recommended for cultivation in the central regions. The variety forms compact, low trees, resistant to winter freezing and return frosts in spring. High and stable yields of sweet and juicy medium-sized dark raspberries (up to 6.5 g) and universal use make the variety popular among gardeners. An additional advantage is good immunity to coccomycosis and moniliosis.

Story- not the most productive self-fertile variety, loved by gardeners for its large size (up to 12 g) and excellent commercial qualities of very sweet berries with dense pulp. They do not crack in the rainy season and tolerate transportation well. Cherry Tale is not afraid of winter frosts, has a high immunity to most fungal diseases.

Chermashnaya- a high-yielding variety of very early ripening, forming medium-sized winter-hardy trees that practically do not suffer from fungal diseases. Very tender, juicy berries light weight(up to 4.5 g) and amber color have a sweet, dessert taste with a slight refreshing sourness. The fruits are good straight from the branch, but not suitable for storage, making jam or juice.

Mid-season cherries - the best varieties

Usually medium varieties give a harvest from mid-June. They tolerate return frosts worse, but compared to early cherries, they have better commercial qualities of fruits.

Annushka- mid-season sweet cherry, recommended for cultivation in the North Caucasus region. The variety forms vigorous trees with a spreading crown and large (up to 10 g) berries of a dark pomegranate shade. Very decorative fruits of a rounded shape are distinguished by an excellent sweet taste of dense and juicy pulp, which is not lost even in adverse weather. Plants perfectly tolerate winter frosts and summer drought, but are not sufficiently resistant to fungal diseases and cannot boast of high yields.

Adeline- high-yielding and frost-resistant variety, ripening in the second or third decade of July. Medium-sized trees begin fruiting in the fourth year of vegetation, forming medium-sized coral-red berries (up to 6 g) with very tasty, elastic and juicy pulp. Adeline cherries resist quite well such common diseases as moniliosis and coccomycosis, but are not capable of self-pollination (self-infertile).

Teremoshka- a self-infertile variety of medium winter hardiness, which begins to bear fruit in the fourth year of vegetation. Low, neat trees with a spherical crown resist well the winter cold and return frosts, have a fairly high immunity to fungal diseases. Dark cherry berries of an impressive size (up to 7 g) are valued for their excellent, honey taste, elastic and juicy pulp, good transportability.

Donetsk beauty- mid-season sweet cherry, bred by Ukrainian breeders. The variety is valued for its excellent yield, as well as for its beautiful and very delicious berries impressive size (up to 10 g) and dessert taste, having a noble shade of red wine. In addition to the obvious external advantages, the variety has a high immunity to coccomycosis.

Gastinet- a very tasty variety of Belarusian selection, characterized by excellent tasting qualities of medium-sized amber berries (up to 6 g) with a rich carmine blush. Self-infertile trees of medium yield are very decorative during fruiting, resistant to fungal diseases and give the first crop already in the third year of development.

The most large-fruited and productive late varieties

At a time when the entire crop of early sweet cherries has already been eaten and processed, late-ripening varieties begin to bear fruit very conveniently. The berries on such trees ripen towards the end of summer, and the most frost-resistant of them give a harvest in the last decade of August.

Exhibition- an incredibly productive variety that ripens in July. Tall trees form many large (up to 8 g) and very beautiful oval-shaped amber-carmine berries with excellent taste. Cherry Exhibition is distinguished by increased frost resistance of flower buds, but is not capable of self-pollination. The best pollinators for her are the Recordistka, Cassini early and Market varieties.

Bryansk pink– a self-infertile, late maturing variety with good yields, valued for its low and compact trees, highly resistant to fungal diseases and winter frosts. Medium-sized (up to 5.5 g) berries of a beautiful light scarlet hue with dense amber pulp are distinguished by sweetness and juiciness, and in addition, they almost do not crack and are perfectly preserved during transportation.

Napoleon- a very old and excellently productive variety of European selection, zoned in Dagestan at the beginning of the last century. Tall trees delight with large (up to 7 g) berries of almost black color and a very good, sweet taste of dense pulp, diluted with slight sourness. Cherry Napoleon is universal in use, resistant to winter frosts and fungal diseases, has excellent keeping quality and transportability.

Regina- self-fertile late cherry, characterized by compact, low trees with very high frost resistance and good yields. Large (up to 10 g) berries of a very beautiful dark pomegranate shade delight with a bright taste and excellent transportability. Fruits are able not to crumble for a long time after ripening and not crack in the rainy season. An additional advantage of the variety is its precociousness: the first crop ripens already in the third year of vegetation.

Region Preferences

Cherry is a capricious tree that loves warmth and fertile slightly alkaline or neutral soils. That is why it feels best in the south of Russia and in the Central Black Earth region. However, there are unpretentious and frost-resistant varieties that can be cultivated even in the Urals and Siberia. With good and proper care, even in these regions, experienced gardeners get good harvests delicious berries.

Here are some suggestions for growing in the middle lane.

Gronkovaya- a self-fertile early ripe variety recommended for cultivation in the central regions. Tall, very productive trees are resistant to winter frosts and damage by pathogenic fungi. In the fourth year of vegetation, they bear fruit for the first time, forming dark scarlet berries of medium weight (up to 4.5 g) with an excellent taste of sweet and juicy pulp. The best pollinators are Zhurba, Beauty, Narodnaya.

large-fruited- proven variety early dates fruiting, incapable of self-pollination. Rapidly developing trees of medium height with a compact crown perfectly tolerate winter cold and summer drought, are not afraid of fungal diseases, and are especially resistant to moniliosis. Very large (up to 12 g) pomegranate-colored berries delight with a very rich taste of dense and sweet pulp. Varieties for pollination - Surprise or Francis.

Revna- late-ripening self-fruitless variety, forming fast-growing trees of medium height. Fruits of an impressive size (up to 7.7 g) have a wide-round shape and a dark cherry, almost black, color. Dense pulp stands out with excellent sweet taste and juiciness. Cherry Revna tolerates frost well and is not afraid of fungal diseases. The best pollinators are Ovstuzhevka, Raditsa, Iput, Compact.

Fatezh- self-infertile productive variety of medium early fruiting. Low trees with a compact, spherical crown form elegant berries of small size (up to 4.6 g), amber color with a scarlet blush. Sweet and sour pulp has a pleasant, dense structure. Cherry is resistant to the most dangerous fungal diseases and tolerates frost well. Chermashnaya and Iput varieties are suitable for pollination.

For the regions of southern Russia and the Black Earth region the choice of varieties is much larger. Best Representatives- Ariadne, Poetry, Oryol pink.

Poetry- high-yielding mid-season sweet cherry, forming low self-fertile trees with a raised pyramidal crown. Amber-scarlet berries for dessert use and medium size (up to 5.6 g) are distinguished by an excellent taste of sweet, dense pulp with refreshing-sour notes. The variety has sufficient winter hardiness, which is quite suitable for the mild climate of southern Russia. Immunity to fungal diseases is quite high.

Ariadne- early ripe variety with high and stable yield. Vigorous trees form impressive (up to 5.4 g) and very tasty fruits. Dark pomegranate berries are distinguished by an excellently sweet taste of dense and juicy pulp. Cherry Ariadna has practically no drawbacks, as it is not only tasty and fruitful, but also frost-resistant and does not get sick at all.

Oryol pink- a mid-season and high-yielding variety that forms medium-sized and frost-resistant trees. Medium-sized (up to 4.0 g) yellow fruits with a scarlet blush have a sweet, slightly sour, dessert taste of juicy, medium-density pulp. Sweet cherries are characterized by good precocity (bearing in the third year) and are relatively resistant to fungal diseases, but are self-infertile.

Rechitsa- self-infertile sweet cherry of medium ripening with good yield. Fast growing trees of medium height with a spreading crown are distinguished by excellent frost resistance and high immunity to fungal diseases. Large (up to 5.8 g) fruits of almost black color have a remarkably sweet taste of juicy pulp. The best pollinators are Ovstuzhenka, Odrinka, Iput.

For the regions of the Urals and Siberia with their harsh winters, such a parameter of trees as frost resistance is especially important, which should be related to flower buds to a greater extent. In addition, sharp fluctuations in day and night temperatures, especially at the end of winter, often lead to burns of skeletal branches and trunk. All these features were taken into account by breeders who received such winter-hardy varieties as Tyutchevka, Odrinka, Veda, Bryanochka.

Tyutchevka- late-ripening highly productive variety, partially capable of self-pollination. Medium-sized trees and flower buds have good winter hardiness. Dark pomegranate fruits of an impressive size (up to 7.4 g) are distinguished by an excellent taste of dense, sweet and juicy pulp. They are well stored and transported. Sweet cherry is practically not affected by moniliosis and is rarely susceptible to other fungal diseases.

Odrinka- self-infertile cherries of medium late ripening form low trees with a pyramidal crown, which practically do not get sick, have high winter hardiness and are not afraid of sunburn. Frost well tolerated and flower buds. Very large (up to 7.4 g) and remarkably sweet fruits of dark raspberry color with elastic and juicy pulp have universal area applications. Most suitable varieties for pollination - Rechitsa, Revna, Ovstuzhenka.

Brianochka- self-fertile late variety, characterized by high winter hardiness and productivity. On medium-sized trees, very elegant and impressive (up to 7.1 g) fruits of a dark beet shade ripen. Their wonderfully tasty pulp is juicy and high in sugar. Sweet cherry has a high immunity to coccomycosis and a good one - to other fungal diseases. Pollinating varieties - Veda, Iput and Tyutchevka.

Veda- frost-resistant table variety of late ripening. Medium-sized trees are characterized by high yields, forming large (up to 7.0 g), juicy and very tasty berries of dark cherry color. Sweet cherry Veda has an increased immunity to coccomycosis and other fungal infections, is not capable of self-pollination. The best partner varieties are Tyutchevka, Revna, Bryanochka, Iput.

Cherry is one of the most beloved berries in the garden. Let's talk about her - the dove. It ripens early, and you can choose varieties so that you can harvest from late May to late July.

And its yield is the highest - it surpasses cherries by two to three times. Disease resistance, palatability and transportability are higher. In addition to frost resistance. Of course, they cannot be compared in terms of taste, I got excited, because everyone has their own tastes. And I love eating cherries live, and cherry juice and compote, as well as jam and dumplings with cherries are tastier. But it's for my taste.

I digress. This culture attracts not only gardeners. Many breeders have decided to improve the varieties and move them at least a little further north.

Many people want to understand the varieties and have a little idea which variety produces when. Therefore, I bring to your attention a review of the 10 most marketable, in my opinion, varieties of cherries.

Melitopol early

Dzherelo

Ripening period: 1st decade of June

Growth strength: medium height

Yaroslavna



Fruit weight and color: 8g dark red
Growth strength: medium height

Donetsk beauty


Ripening period: 2nd decade of June
Fruit weight and color: 10g red
Growth strength: vigorous

Melitopol black



Fruit weight and color: 12g black
Growth strength: vigorous

Annushka


Ripening period: 3rd decade of June
Fruit weight and color: 10g dark red
Growth strength: vigorous

large-fruited


Ripening period: 3rd decade of June
Fruit weight and color: Up to 15g black
Growth strength: vigorous

Friendship


Ripening period: 1st decade of July
Fruit weight and color: 11g dark red
Growth strength: vigorous

Regina


Ripening period: 2nd decade of July
Fruit weight and color: 10g black
Growth strength: medium height

Bigaro Oratovsky

Ripening period: 3rd decade of July
Fruit weight and color: 7g dark red
Growth strength: vigorous

WHO IS NOT ON THE LIST?

Not included in the list are many good varieties, both new and old. For different reasons.

Not included in the list, such an authoritative early variety as "Valery Chkalov". The reason is very simple: it bursts and rots in wet spring and is not very disease resistant. But the main thing is the insufficient winter hardiness of flower buds. For comparison. In the Crimea, 10 year old trees give 60-70 kg on average. In the Kuban 25-40kg. In the Rostov region, and even less, the kidneys freeze out ...

Replacement "Chkalov" - "Yaroslavna". It matures 3-5 days later and is very similar in appearance. But it is resistant to diseases and almost does not burst. The yield of "Yaroslavna" is up to 60-80 kg per tree, even in the Rostov region, not to mention the Krasnodar Territory. And yet, “Valery Chkalov” is in no hurry to change. At good care and regular watering of the berries from him receive 15g. Although this is not an absolute record, among early varieties, no one reaches such a value. By the way, good pollinators for Yaroslavna are Valery Chkalov and Annushka.

For the same reasons, black was not included in the "Daiber" list. And her berries are smaller than modern counterparts. The exception is “Drogana” yellow, it is a German variety, quite frost-resistant and productive. This variety is let down by yellowish berries and a weak taste. You can replace it with “Rossoshskaya” yellow, more beautiful and tasty.

“June early” cherries still help out many gardeners. However, it is much larger, more formidable, does not rot and is not afraid of diseases “Dzherelo”. This is new variety Artemovskaya station, is still little known. But in vain - his parents are excellent: “Valery Chkalov” and “Drogana Yellow”. Yes, and a 10g berry is one of the most marketable for the beginning of June.

One of the most transportable varieties, Frans Joseph, was not included in the list. And all due to the fact that the size is small by modern standards, 6-7 g. At the same time, “Krupnoplodnaya” ripens, which is 1.5-2 times larger and also transportable. I do not want to offend the Frans Joseph variety, its yield is excellent - 60 kg per tree, and compotes and preparations of the highest quality.

True, Ukrainians believe that their varieties are the best - “Melitopol”, “Krupnoplodnaya”, “Dzherelo”. It's hard to argue with them. Even if the berries are smaller, "Melitopol" always has a great taste and appearance.