I will sell a machine for cold forging with my own hands. Independent production of a cold forging machine

27.06.2020

When a person learned to work with metal, he radically raised his standard of living, changed it thoroughly. This was felt not only in the war, but also in everyday civilian life. She became much more comfortable and beautiful. By means of cold forging, craftsmen produce amazing things from metal.

Which, in principle, is very simple. It is enough to have desire, experience and special equipment.

Cold forged products

Basically, it's bending and twisting. metal products without heating them in a forging furnace. For this use various machines that differ in size and purpose.

On them, by means of cold forging (bends, kinks, twists), you can create anything with a metal rod, fittings, strip, pipe, and produce various decor items.

In particular, through artistic forging, you can do:

fences;
Decorate living quarters with fancy ornaments;
Apply twisted patterns to the gate;
Protect stairs and balconies with metal ligature;
Make backs and armrests for chairs, armchairs, garden benches;
Decorate gazebos and street lights;
Make various grids.

To easily do all of the above, in most cases a manual forging machine is enough, which is quite simple to make with your own hands.

Classification

To work with metal you need equipment. Also, for the manufacture of certain products with a rather complex configuration through cold forging, various drawings and quality control measuring instruments will be needed.

No problem with everything necessary tool you can make the following types of machines:

"Snail";
Torsion machine;
"Gnutik";
"Wave";
Press.

Briefly consider the features of each machine, assembly features.

"Snail"

Such a machine is designed for bending reinforcement, pipes, strips and other metal blanks in the form of a spiral. During the manufacturing process, it is enough to have an idea of how the device works in order to design it correctly.

During the installation process, pay attention to the following points:

The supporting frame (table) on which the workpieces will be bent must be made of metal (channel, thick-walled pipe, corner), but not of wood. Since it will be mainly loaded during operation, it must be durable and not fall apart at one fine moment!

Tabletop. Cut out of sheet metal 4 mm thick and more, has a round shape. On top of it, the same with all segments of the cochlea is cut out and laid, on which the blanks will be bent.

It is worth noting that saving on the thickness of the countertop is not worth it. It bears all the dynamic load. The thicker the sheet of metal from which it will be cut, the better.

Main drive shaft. It is made from pipes with sufficiently thick walls. It is placed on the central axis between two countertops. It is attached to the base with four rectangular corners (triangles).

Roller lever. Mounted on the shaft, carrying out rotational movements around it in the process of bending the metal.

This is the simplest version of a do-it-yourself cold forging machine, available for installation without special efforts. If you need to make more complex products, then it will have to be modified.

Torsion machine

Designed for twisting various parts. It has the following assembly nodes:

Frame (base, support frame);
Movable and static clamps (vise);
Handle for turning (twisting). The longer it is, the less effort is required. On the other hand, nothing prevents you from connecting an electric motor to the movable clamp so as not to twist the metal manually!

"Gnutik"

Designed to bend the workpiece at a certain angle (usually straight or sharp). Its design is simple:

Tool steel plate;
Movable stop (wedge);
Support shafts (2 pcs.);
Lever arm

In order to understand how to assemble it correctly, you can look at the photos showing various cold forging machines and the features of their do-it-yourself installation or a video that is freely available on the Internet.

"Wave"

The machine allows, due to the controlled shafts (discs), to perform various zigzag and sinusoidal bends (it all depends on the design).

As in the previous design, there are static and moving parts. One disk rotates axially around the other due to the lever (knob). When the distance between them changes, a wave of one configuration or another is obtained.

Press

Its task is to form tips (“leaf” and “goose foot”). In fact, he flattens the end of the workpiece, giving it one shape or another. The most complex of the designs, the components for which (especially the striker) will have to be purchased separately.

Sometimes it is better to buy the whole machine than to assemble it in parts. But this is easier for anyone, financially more profitable.

Artistic cold forging is an art. Basically, it acquired a purely decorative color, without losing practicality and expediency. Amazing things can be made from metal rods, fittings and other material.

The main thing is to purchase or make everything with your own hands. necessary machines and equipment to make your beauty dreams come true.

DIY cold forging photo

To found your own metalworking workshop, the main six machines are enough: a bender, a twister, a flashlight, a volume, a snail, and a wave.

Production metal parts requires special equipment capable of creating a force that forms the configuration of the object. Alternatively, you can purchase relatively inexpensive devices. However, it is not difficult to independently make almost any cold forging machine with your own hands.

What is required for this we will consider in the course of our article.

Of course, if the budget allows, you can not particularly complicate your life and purchase universal equipment for cold forging metal. Moreover, such a machine in itself combines all the individual manual devices. But the rather small cost of such a workbench makes it inaccessible to many home workshops.

What do-it-yourself cold forging tools can be made and what to produce on them?

To establish your own metalworking workshop, the main six machines are quite enough: a bender, a twister, a flashlight, a volume, a snail, and a wave.

These homemade machines are capable of processing the main types of materials used in cold metal working technology: squares, bars (with a cross section of up to 14 millimeters) and a steel strip, 3-6 mm thick with a width in the range of 25 millimeters. the same operation as the factory equipment: bending, twisting or pressing without loss of quality.

Also, on a home-made manual machine, it is quite possible to produce the main elements of cold forged products: curls, volutes, baskets required for further assembly. finished products. Moreover, the forging equipment itself is compact, it can be easily placed in a garage workshop.

Learning to work with a cold forging tool is very simple. It does not require special knowledge about the properties of the metal and its further processing (annealing, tempering or hardening). The training and production process is practically safe, the equipment and materials do not work with high temperatures, and the working mechanisms are very simple.

The only drawback in cold forging metal and working on manual equipment is the possibility of marriage if mistakes are made. But the main problem is that defects are very difficult to correct. Defective elements can be corrected only by heating the metal in a furnace or on a burner.

The easiest for self assembly there will be: snails, gnutiki and twisters. They do not require expensive tools. All you need is welding, a cutting tool, drawings with materials and a little understanding in mechanics.

So, how to make homemade cold forging machines with your own hands?

Assembly of different types of equipment

For initial stage arranging a cold metalworking workshop will require three main devices: a bender, a twister and a snail. What elements can be produced on them?

A bender is a device that greatly simplifies the bending of a part and the production of bends of any shape.

It easily handles rolled products in the form of steel strip and rod with dimensions of 12x12 millimeters. In addition to corner parts, the bender can create arc-shaped parts.

The twister serves to twist a long workpiece around its axis into a longitudinal spiral. In hot forging, there is a similar tool - a crank. The twister is similar to this device in its design. This is a frame on which a collar with a rotating head and a slider are fixed, which limits and fixes the desired length of the part. Parts twisted on such equipment are a frequent element used to assemble window grilles, fences, railings and other types of fences.

If you install additional devices in the form of a shaft on the twister, then it will be able to produce voluminous baskets.

The snail is perhaps the most famous manual cold forging machine. Volute and various parts twisted around the axis are produced on its conductor. The assembled device consists of a kind of frame (round / square), a conductor (spiral) and a roller with a manual drive in the form of a lever are fixed on it. By pressing the drive lever and feeding the workpiece, any type of spiral can be twisted without problems.

The main thing in the manufacture of manual equipment for cold forging of metal is the observance of three basic principles:

The length of the lever drive is calculated so that sufficient force is applied to the metal.
It is best to make the components of the installations prefabricated or movable, then it will be possible to easily adjust the dimensions of the elements produced.
All parts of the conductors are made with a sufficient margin of safety, and the connections must be of high quality.

Observing such principles, it is quite feasible to manufacture normal metalworking equipment with excellent performance.

The listed three installations with the mechanism working manually, allow to make the majority of names of production without a metal warming up.

Gnutik assembly

This cold forging machine has a wide range of applications. With it, you can bend parts of any configuration. The device is quite simple, it consists of a base on which the rollers are mounted, a wedge (setting bend) and control levers. The machine itself can be made in a vertical or horizontal design.

It is easier to make a horizontal type on your own.

It is necessary to prepare a frame in which mounting holes are drilled for mounting the rollers, wedge and lever.
The wedge should move along the bed (controlled by pressing the lower lever). Its position should be interchangeable, so it will be possible to adjust the angle and steepness of the bend. To do this, it is better to make it on a screw thread, screwing in which changes the distance of the wedge.
The upper arm is used to shape the workpiece into an arc shape.

After watching the video, you can understand how such a machine works and the principle of its device

Making a snail

The photo shows the main parts of the snail cold forging fixture. The formation of the element occurs due to a special conductor, curled with a spiral (snail). This part, preferably, should be two-part. The manufacture of the machine is as follows.

A frame is prepared in a round or square shape. For its manufacture, it is better to use metal 5-6 mm.
Holes are drilled in the base for fastening the conductor (its two parts) and the working lever.
A rotating roller is mounted on the side, which will set the movement of the workpiece.
The lever must have sufficient strength, it can be made from an appropriate profile or pipe (with thick walls).
The conductor is made of thick metal, curved in a spiral. It has holes for mounting bolts.

Below are photos of the drawings of the conductor and the device itself.

For a more understandable principle of operation of such equipment, watch the video provided:

Made manual machines for cold forging with their own hands with such a design, they are quite capable of bending bars and squares of various sections up to 14 millimeters.

It is worth remembering that more force on a thick workpiece can be created using a longer lever, so an additional extension for such a drive can be provided.

There are other variants of the snail. For example, with a drive in the form of a gate located in a horizontal plane. Schematic drawings of such a device are shown in the photo below.

How to make a twister

The twister (or torsion bar) has a horizontal arrangement of parts. It consists of a frame on which a knob with a rotating head is attached, and a slider that rigidly fixes the workpiece and regulates the length of the product.

First you need to prepare a workbench (table) where the device will be fixed.
The bed can be made from a strong I-beam or any other material that has sufficient strength. Its length is selected depending on the parameters of the processed workpieces.
A slider is made on the frame. Its lower part should move along the device and be fixed in the desired position. Bolt holes can be drilled for mounting. The part where the workpiece will be inserted can be made to fit its size ( through hole) or made from a vise.
A collar with a rotating head can also be made to fit a specific workpiece or use a chuck from lathe(small sizes)
The unit is mounted on the table so that the edge of the table does not interfere with turning the knob.

As in the case of a snail, the length of the lever determines the force that is applied to the metal being processed.

If to make additional mount for the shaft, then on such a torsion bar it will be possible to produce volumetric baskets by twisting a rod onto a template.

The principle of operation of the machine is shown in the video:

After studying the information, you can also make devices such as a wave (wave-like elements), a flashlight (baskets) or a volumetric (volumetric elements with parts curved in different planes).

If possible, some of these machines can be made with electric drive by installing an engine with the appropriate power for this.

What can you add to this material from your personal experience for the manufacture of equipment for cold forging? How problematic is it to make a cold forging machine with your own hands and what materials to use? Join the discussion in the comments to the article and share your best practices.

People have long noticed that metal heated in a forge can be given almost any shape. Forged products look great in any interior. They can be a decorative element of both wooden and stone cottages.

Among the owners of private houses, there is hardly a person who would not like to have a wrought iron fence, railing or stairs. But, despite the many advantages, products obtained by hot forging - a process in which the metal becomes ductile under the influence of high temperature, are not available to everyone due to the high price. There is an alternative - cold forging metal. Its main plus is not only low price, but also the availability of technology for independent repetition.

Cold forging of metal is a process in which the metal is not heated, and the shape of the product is given by bending, pressing, and welding from several blanks.

Some experts consider the name "cold forging" not entirely correct. In their opinion, only the process of plastic deformation of hot metal can be called forging. But the name of this metalworking method stuck. Moreover, users believe that in some cases, cold forging of metal can be a worthy replacement for hot forging. Is it really so we will tell in today's material.

Features of cold forging

There is a popular belief that products obtained by bending come out monotonous, more like factory stamping put on stream. However, practice shows that with the right approach, using cold forging, you can create real author's works.

Most often, the method of cold forging metal is done:

bars on windows;
elements of canopies, railings and canopies for entrance group;
decorative elements for fences gates and gates;
curly legs for tables and chairs;
decor elements: flower stands, fireplace grates, framing of paintings, mirrors, etc.

For artistic - hot forging of metal, products obtained by cold deformation on special equipment are issued, later welded into one piece: elements of a fence, fence or gate. Moreover, an uninitiated person will not immediately understand how this product was made by forging.

Goblin 2 FORUMHOUSE user

In my opinion, forged elements made by cold deformation (bending) look no worse than the same elements made by hand - hot forging. And they cost less.

Kholmoff FORUMHOUSE user

Cold forging of metal allows, with the help of a fairly simple set of equipment, to create typical elements - torsion bars, rolled peaks, volutes, elements of spatial bending. And then, by combining this set, (from about 10-15 types of typical elements) create complex patterned products. Anyone who owns a metalwork tool can master the process of bending, there would be a desire.

Ordinary geometric shapes, combined with curls and waves, can look very beautiful in metal, because. any most complex pattern consists of many simple elements.

A significant advantage of cold forging metal over hot forging is high productivity. It doesn't take a lot of space to work. There is no need to equip and kindle a forge, to forge, to hammer on an anvil. By changing only the equipment, you can quickly create a variety of elements, but to connect the nodes you will need to master the welding business well.

Kholmoff FORUMHOUSE user

I used to do cold forging and learned how to cook semi-automatically in two days.

To obtain a good result, the process of cold forging of metal should be divided into a number of successive stages:

Idea and problem statement.
Schematic sketch of an idea by hand on paper.
Accurate drawing of the product, either by hand or in a graphics program.
Breakdown of the entire product into separate simple elements.
Drawing, or printing on a printer, life-size units of a product.

Some printers support poster printing, i.e. they print parts of a large image on A4 sheets, then all that remains is to glue them together.

Calculation of the amount of material needed.
Production of individual elements.
Grinding and assembly (welding) of individual elements into a single structure.

Despite the apparent simplicity, cold forging of metal requires a thoughtful approach and competent calculation of all the details of the future product. FORUMHOUSE experts advise - to visualize the idea, pre-make individual knots from wire real size. This will help you understand how different elements will fit together and correct errors in time, or find more good combination patterns and individual elements.

The main elements obtained by cold forging of metal include:

Paws and peaks. These elements are rolled out from a metal rod.

curls. Includes: volute, chervonka and snail. At the volute, or, as it is also called bagels, the ends are bent in one direction. Chervonka looks like a $ sign. The snail resembles a comma.

Rings are made from a rod, round or square, wound on a special mandrel. It turns out a kind of metal spring, which is then cut into rings.

Torsion. One of the most common elements. Obtained by twisting one or more rods.

All of the above elements can be made by combining just three technological processes.

1. Hood. Thanks to this process, by reducing the section of the workpiece, it increases in length. In this way, paws and peaks are usually obtained, for which the metal is placed in a special rolling or crimping machine. By passing the workpiece through the rollers, and gradually reducing the distance between them, the material is rolled out. Relief notches can also be applied to the rollers, which give the surface of the workpiece a certain texture.

2. Torsion. Metal (strips or rods) twist along its axis. You can twist one, two, three, or more blanks. To do this, one end of the workpiece (or workpieces) is placed in a vise, and the other begins to rotate along the axis. If you twist several bars, and then compress them, applying a force along the axis, they will disperse in an arc. You will get a thickening of woven rods called "Flashlight" or "Basket".

3. Bending. The metal is bent special machine using templates.

To bend metal in different planes, you need the simplest equipment and simple machine equipment. There are many cold forging machines on the market. But due to the high price, their acquisition is justified only if further profit is planned. A novice craftsman who is engaged in cold forging “for himself” may well get by for metal bending.

At first, you can get by with simple conductors and mandrels inserted into ordinary metalwork vise. You can make a torsion bar by holding the end of the workpiece in a vice, then put a pipe on it, and, using a wrench, twist the workpiece along its axis.

Alexei62 FORUMHOUSE user

All tools for cold forging (except for the welding machine) can be made from improvised means.

For cold forging metal, the following tools are most often used:

Gnutik. With its help, the workpiece is bent at a certain angle.

Snail. With its help, the workpiece is bent in a spiral. By changing the templates, you can change the bending radius.

Flashlight. It's like a tooling for a lathe. With this tool, metal blanks are intertwined with each other to obtain the element of the same name.

Wave. The principle of operation of this tool is clear from the name. With its help, the metal is given a wavy surface. The distance between the "crests" of the waves, and their height, can be adjusted depending on the setting of the machine.

Twister. Twists a strip or bar along the longitudinal axis.

The principle of operation of all the above machines is very simple. It is based on applying a certain force to the workpiece through levers, which leads to deformation of the metal. Bending of metal on machines is done manually. To facilitate labor, some machines are equipped with electric motors, which increases their price. Many home craftsmen prefer to make cold forging machines on their own. Also, with the advent of experience, and an increase in the complexity of products, it is necessary to equip the machines with a variety of equipment - templates, conductors, stops, limiters.

There is a lot of room for creativity here. Each master makes adaptations for his tasks. It is important to observe the principle of reasonable sufficiency. The most beautiful products can be made using a minimum of fixtures.

Secrets of cold forging

One of the main questions of novice craftsmen: "What metal is suitable for cold forging." According to the members of the forum, you should take the time to go around the local metal depots and get acquainted with the list that they offer. For cold forging, the most common "black" metal is used. Running size for strips - width 14 and 16 mm, thickness 2-4 mm. Bar - a square with a side up to 10 mm. Such material is easier to bend. Thicker material, a strip of 20x4 mm, etc., will have to be cut first.

The private sector of any city is characterized by a lot of elegant metal products. These are metal patterned gates, beautiful benches, unusual railings and others. decorative ornaments. Forged products give some aesthetics appearance plot and house. Many people think that the use of metal forged fixtures is very expensive. But this is not always the case.

Such products are made by cold forging. If you buy them in a store, then, of course, you can lay out a rather large amount. Therefore, experienced craftsmen make a cold forging machine with their own hands. Moreover, if a person likes to do something on his own, then this device will come in handy on the farm.

And also, being engaged in artistic forging, you get a good income. After all, production waste and the cost of initial arrangement are small. Therefore, the affairs of a blacksmith engaged in cold forging can quickly go uphill. The implementation of forging, possibly in a garage or shed. Accordingly, no rent is required.

The concept of cold forging

The cold forging procedure differs from the hot forging process, namely in the simplicity and safety of the process. The metal is not exposed to high temperatures. When compared with stamping, this process implies the almost complete elimination of metal flow. If we consider cold forging, from the point of view of the forging process itself, then this is the process of riveting elements using impact force.

As a result, the strength of the outer layer increases, and inner part imparts overall toughness and fracture strength. Of course, the forging procedure itself is very lengthy. Therefore, it is worth talking in more detail about a certain branch of cold forging called artistic forging.

It is also, in essence, cold forging, and the term "cold forging" will be used in the future. It consists in a variety of bending of metal sources. The structure of the metal base does not change. Physical and mechanical properties also do not change.

Cold forging involves the formation of a variety of twisted elements and bends. Such patterned elements are performed on a specific installation. Moreover, the drive of these installations is divided into manual and electric. At large volume work, it is preferable to use machines with an electric drive to increase the speed of execution.

Manual installations can be used for the production of the following decorative items:

Window structures.
Components for the manufacture of railings.
Chairs, benches.
Legs for furniture.
Decor items for gates, gates.
Details for fireplaces.

With regard to the raw material used for forging, it is used different types: aluminum, copper. And you can also use alloys - duralumin, steel, brass, magnesium alloy, nickel alloy.

Advantages of the method

When compared with other methods of producing metal products, cold forging has a number of advantages. These include:

Heating of the metal is not needed, which makes it possible to simplify the manufacturing process due to the absence of a furnace, maintenance certain temperature.
Process safety.
Ease of fabrication of cold forging plants.
The ability to correct the product made due to mechanical properties.
Ability to manufacture equipment for the manufacture of identical products with standard steps.
Saving time and money when doing work.

The presence of these advantages makes cold forging technology widespread.

Equipment types

There are many types of cold forging machines. The following categories have been established:

Gnutik - contributes to the production of metal arcs that bend under the exact angle.
Snail - a device that allows you to form a spiral of rods.
Twister - allows you to get a more complicated spiral formation along the axis.
Ring - a bending mechanism for the manufacture of ring and oval shapes.
Wave - the installation is intended for bending rods into a wave.
Press - allows you to carry out the process of flattening the object.
Hammer and anvil are tools to help correct mistakes.

Making a cold forging machine for each of the listed categories with your own hands is quite easy. Only some tools and metal material are required. Especially Money almost never needed.

Making a mechanism for cold forging

Universal machine for cold forging is almost impossible to do with your own hands. It is necessary to make a separate form of the mechanism for the release of items.

During the manufacture of the installation, it is required to select the following materials:

metal sheet (preferred thickness 4-5 mm);
reinforcing bars, profile pipes;
frame for the stability of the device for cold forging;
electric motor and gearbox in the case of a powered machine.

Of course, the manufacture of fixtures will not do without tools. It is advisable to have an angle grinder or a metal file, a welding machine, an emery stone or paper, a vice and pliers, as well as a pencil, tape measure and paper.

It is easiest for a novice master to make homemade machine for cold forging of the snail shape. Thanks to her, various forms metal rods for gates and fences. And the torsion type of installation is also popular. Other forms of machine tools can be made after gaining experience with simple settings.

Let us examine in detail the manufacture of the "snail". This device contributes to obtaining a variety of configurations of spirals, curls, rings. Simple design This equipment contributes to convenient operation and easy access to the workpiece. The course of the process is feasible if:

Metal rods.
steel leaves and stripes.
profile pipes.
Welding machine.
Angle grinder and pliers.

To make home-made machines used in the course of cold forging, it is advisable to draw a diagram or sketch of a future fixture. Initially, millimetric paper is selected for drawing the drawing.

The following stages of work:

An image of a spiral with three turns is applied to a paper sheet. The dimensions must correspond to the diameter of the reinforced rod, provided that it fits into the thread. It is best to use a size of 10 mm. And also the lines should be drawn based on the thickness of the steel, and the distance inside the spiral should be 12-13 mm.
Next, with a steel grinder, you need to make a circle of the required diameter. If you want to use removable circles, you should take not thin raw material(4-5 mm thick) for easier change.
Dressing of a strong bed which is steady on a floor surface. It is possible, in general, to concrete the legs for a more durable structure. An important condition is that the circumference of the frame must be greater than the dimensions of the working circle.
A metal bar is welded to the frame, on which a bearing device is mounted. Manual control involves welding the circle to the frame. In this situation, metal bending is much easier than during the rotation process.
We fix the snail on the circle. The snail is divided into three parts. The tail piece has a height of 1 cm based on the thickness of the rods. 1 cm is added to the next part of the spiral, which means that the second turn will be 2 cm, and the third - 3 cm. If you get more turns, you should increase the details of the spiral.
If it is necessary to make replaceable circles, then replaceable parts are welded to the circle according to the sketch.
If there is a replaceable snail, you need to measure the position of each type and weld the studs to each element. In this case, a gap is made in the circle for a certain detail.
To get a forged product, you must start with a central coil. It is necessary to firmly fix the rod with a vise or other tool.
At the end you need to make a lever of two profile pipes(diameter 15-20 mm). They are welded with jumpers, the length of which is the distance from the center of the bearing to the upper point of the circle plus 5 cm. Further, it is welded to the bearing part. To the lower part of the lever, which is the cut round part, a rod is welded with a length corresponding to the length of the highest part of the cochlea. A bending barrel is welded perpendicular to the area of the circle.

Thus, the homemade machine is ready. You can start producing the necessary elements. To do this, the rod is fixed, and then the barrel rests on it, and the bending process begins.

Video: do-it-yourself cold forging machine.

Torsion machine

Another popular device like a do-it-yourself cold forging machine is a torsion bar. It is used for forging snake-shaped spirals. To make the installation you will need:

Steel sheet.
Double beam.
Vice.
Details for fasteners.
Angle grinder.
Welding.
Gearbox and electric motor.

To make this installation yourself, you need to go through certain steps:

To begin with, a beam is required, a sheet of steel is welded to one part of it.
Next, a vice is welded to the steel, which then still needs to be fixed with bolts and nuts.
Plates are attached to the vise to reduce the risk of the object popping out when pulled.
On the other side of the beam, rollers are installed to secure the platform. Moreover, the device with rollers should be at the same height as the vise design.
A vise with movable parts is placed on the installation.
A steel handle is attached to perform the rotation. As a result, the workpiece will be bent.
Next, the electric motor is connected, and the entire system is covered with a steel casing.

Thus, the design made is a machine with a movable and fixed block. This method of manufacturing the machine is quite simple, but requires some effort in the work.

Before many people who are interested in metal decor items, the question arises - how to make a cold forging machine with your own hands. Having studied this issue in detail, you can, without experience and a workshop, engage in obtaining various metal products for landscape purposes.

The machine is quite simply made using tools and materials that almost everyone has. Moreover, your equipment can be adapted to any type of product.