Everything you need to know about cutlery. Everything you need to know about cutlery As it is

07.07.2020

Russian-English translation AS THEY MEET

The isotopic composition of all elements as they occur in nature is constant.

Zimmerman M., Vedeneeva K.. Russian-English scientific and technical translator's dictionary. Russian-English scientific dictionary for translators. 2012

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Russian-English scientific dictionary for translators

More word meanings and translation AS THEY MEET from English into Russian in English-Russian dictionaries and from Russian into English in Russian-English dictionaries.

More meanings of this word and English-Russian, Russian-English translations for the word "AS THEY MEET" in dictionaries.

TOM - m. volume
TOM - p.n. Thom
Russian-English Dictionary of the Mathematical Sciences
THEY - pron pl., they
Russian-English Dictionary of the Mathematical Sciences
TOM - Thomm
THEY
Russian-American English Dictionary
THEY! — Them!
Russian-American English Dictionary
MEET - Encountered
Russian-American English Dictionary
VOLUME
THEY - they (obj. them)
English-Russian-English Dictionary of General Vocabulary - Collection of the best dictionaries
VOLUME first ~ volume one ave from places. that volume
THEY
Russian-English Dictionary of General Subjects
THEY
Russian Learner's Dictionary
MEET - Meet
Russian Learner's Dictionary
VIDE - Kind
Russian Learner's Dictionary
THEY - these
Russian Learner's Dictionary
TOM - m. volume
Russian-English dictionary
THEY
Russian-English dictionary
TOM - m. volume
THEY are places. (rd., ext. (n) them, dt. (n) them, tv. (n) them, etc. them) (them, etc. - after the sentence) ...
Russian-English Smirnitsky abbreviations dictionary
VOLUME - (logical partition on the disk created when it is formatted) volume hung volume: (volume of a mirrored set or striped set ...
Russian-English Edic
TOM is a husband. volume
THEY are places. ; personal ; 3rd person pl. hours; genus/vin. - (n) them; dates - (n) them; creative - (n) them; suggestion P. …
Russian-English Concise Dictionary of General Vocabulary
VOLUME
Russian-English Economic Dictionary
VOLUME first ~ volume one ave from places. that
THEY are personal. places. they
Russian-English Dictionary - QD
TOM - workcell
TOM is a husband. volume volume: 1. volume 2. prp. of T.O.T.
Big Russian-English Dictionary
THEY are places. personal 3rd person pl. genus/vin. - (n) their dates. - (n) im creative. - (n) them before. - them they them personal. …
Big Russian-English Dictionary
WHAT - 3 see what
Big Russian-English Dictionary
TOM - volume 3 cm. also that
THEY - they 3 they
Russian-English Dictionary Socrates
WHAT - what 3cm. also what
Russian-English Dictionary Socrates
NIGER - The Republic of Niger, a state in West Africa, has no access to the sea. Area - 1267 thousand square meters. km. One in size...
Russian Dictionary Colier
MYTHOLOGY - CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY In Greek mythology, the heroes, sometimes also called the Dioscuri, i.e. "sons of Zeus". The Roman form of the name Pollux is Pollux. According to …
Russian Dictionary Colier
BUSINESS - B ancient world main economic activity most people have been associated with agriculture, however, at the same time, in cities there is a wide ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
BALLET
Russian Dictionary Colier
MUSICAL - MUSICAL FORM Intermission (French entracte, from entre, "between" and acte, "action"). Instrumental music that sounds between acts of a dramatic play, opera, ballet ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
YUGOSLAVIA - YUGOSLAVIA Slavic tribes moving to the area south of the Danube and Sava rivers at the end of the 6th century. and during the 7th century, ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
CAESAR - (Gaius Iulius Caesar) (100-44 BC), Roman statesman and the commander, whose dictatorship marked a decisive turn from the republican system to ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
FRANCE - FRANCE Gaul under the Merovingians. The 4th and 5th centuries were a period of political ferment. The Western Roman Empire was replaced by the German states, ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
THEATER - THEATER India. The earliest examples of the theater appeared in India BC, and the first technical manual was created there ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
DANCE
Russian Dictionary Colier
USSR - UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS, USSR February Revolution. Military defeats on the fronts of the First World War and the growing economic chaos caused public ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
A ROMAN is a detailed narrative that, as a rule, gives the impression of a story about real people and events, in fact, they are not. What…
Russian Dictionary Colier
BEES - BEES The most developed social organization is in bees of the family Apidae, especially in the subfamily Apinae, which includes honey bees, bumblebees, and ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
GLACIERS - GLACIERS Exaration relief created by sheet glaciers. Possessing considerable thickness and weight, the glaciers produced a powerful exaration work. In many places they...
Russian Dictionary Colier
CHINESE
Russian Dictionary Colier
CANADA - CANADA Executive power. The functions of the executive branch in Canada are divided between the head of state and the head of government. The functions of the first are formal, ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
CAMEROON - The Republic of Cameroon, a state in West Africa. The western coast is washed by the Gulf of Biafra (the eastern part of the Gulf of Guinea). It borders on the northwest with...
Russian Dictionary Colier
CAMBODIA - The Kingdom of Cambodia, a state in Southeast Asia. In the north and west it borders with Thailand and Laos, in the east and southeast - ...
Russian Dictionary Colier
INDIA - INDIA Historical background. India's system of government has changed over the course of more than 90 years of direct British rule. During this time there was…
Russian Dictionary Colier
GERMANY - GERMANY At the end of the Second World War, in May 1945, Germany was occupied by the troops of the four allied victorious powers - the USA, the USSR, Great Britain ...
Russian Dictionary Colier

They exist in the form in which they are used today only from the end of the 18th century. Of course, some of their types - knives, forks, spoons - existed much earlier. However, they did not merge into complete sets until the fully set table became a form of expression of a civilized way of life and culture.

materials

The starting material for the manufacture of knives, spoons and forks included in cutlery sets is usually stainless steel - this is the name of a steel alloy with a chromium content of at least 13%, which reliably protects culinary tools from rust, acids and alkalis. As the content of chromium in the alloy increases, its corrosion resistance increases proportionally. Chromium creates an oxide film invisible to the naked eye on the metal surface, which completely prevents the penetration of oxidizing agents deep into the material. For the manufacture of cutlery, steel with a chromium and nickel content, silver or gold are also used.

Cutlery made of steel containing chromium

Steel of this type usually contains 13, 15 or 17 percent chromium in addition to iron and carbon. In documents, it is usually referred to as stainless - stainless.

Chrome-containing steel is characterized by a special brilliance. Because of this, it is perfectly suited for the manufacture of high-quality cutlery, characterized by visual appeal, corrosion resistance, resistance to aromas and odors. Chromium steels have good magnetic properties. Therefore, cutlery made from this material is great for restaurants, cafes and other catering establishments where dishwashing equipment with magnetic systems is used.

Cutlery made of steel containing chromium and nickel

Steel of this type, in addition to iron and carbon, usually contains no more than 18% chromium and 8.5 to 10% nickel. After appropriate processing, chromium-nickel steel acquires a warm creamy hue. The addition of nickel to the steel alloy makes it resistant to even concentrated acids, while the presence of chromium in this alloy guarantees corrosion resistance. Thanks to this, products made of chromium-nickel steel are quite suitable for washing in a dishwasher. The ease of workmanship and ductility of this steel opens up a wide range of opportunities for tableware manufacturers to create attractive product designs.

Production

On the way from idea to finished cutlery"raw" stainless steel undergoes a multi-stage processing, giving it a given shape, shine and perfect appearance. To get a high-quality spoon, fork or knife at the output, the world's leading manufacturers use about thirty modern technological operations.

Forks and spoons

For example, spoons, forks and knives produced by the company are made of high quality stainless steel containing 18% chromium and 10% nickel. Each product goes through several maximally automated production stages:

blanks are stamped from metal sheets;
then they undergo rolling, which improves the mechanical properties of the starting material;
further, the products are given their shape - sphericality for spoons and teeth for forks;
then a handle is formed;
on the smooth surfaces products are created with an appropriate pattern, after which they are polished;
silver-plated cutlery undergoes additional processing by applying silver plating to their surface.

How to determine the quality of cutlery?

The quality of cutlery largely depends on the materials used for their manufacture. source materials. However, this is not the only criterion. Correctly selected technological parameters for processing products are also very important.

The main factors affecting the quality of products:

1. Raw material quality
You should pay attention to the material specified in the specification - the grade of steel used by the manufacturer.

2. Thickness of raw material
The metal thickness of high-quality cutlery should be at least 2.5 mm (spoons and forks).

3. Machining precision
The surface of high-quality cutlery should be well polished or perfectly smooth matte without any visible or tactile bumps, protrusions, scratches. The edges should also not have nicks, bumps or scratches. Except for the prongs of the forks and the blades of the knives, no other part of the cutlery shall have sharp edges.

4. Corporate brand
High-quality cutlery is necessarily marked with the brand of the manufacturer, which confirms and guarantees the quality of its products.

Today, quality cutlery does not require laborious maintenance, since the vast majority of them can be washed in the dishwasher. This applies both to products made of chromium-containing and chromium-nickel steel, and to silver-plated. However, in order for the cutlery to serve as long as possible, a few simple but important principles should be observed.

1. Instructions for the dishwasher
The instructions for dishwasher must be known and strictly observed. This concerns, first of all, the amount of powder, rinsing time and regular replenishment of the supply of products that protect the machine and dishes from salt deposits when using water with increased hardness.

2. Wash without delay
Used cutlery should not remain dirty for a long time, so that food remains do not come into contact with their metal. chemical reactions. The surface of cutlery left dirty for a long period of time may dull and acquire an unpleasant color. Therefore, it is recommended to wash them immediately after the meal, when they are most easily removed.

3. Do not fill the dishwasher basket too tightly
The jets of water in the dishwasher clean the cutlery most effectively when they are placed in the dishwasher basket not in a crowd, but loosely.

How to choose the right cutlery

The standard cutlery set consists of 24 items and includes:

6 knives
6 spoons
6 forks
6 teaspoons

The 30-piece set also includes 6 pie forks.

In addition, there are devices for special application such as cutlery for pizza, spaghetti, dessert, jacket potatoes, fish and specific seafood, children's cutlery, etc. The world's leading manufacturers of quality cutlery offer their customers and customers a wide range of convenient and attractive products for various purposes, meeting the highest standards modern design and functionality.

They exist in the form in which they are used today only from the end of the 18th century. Of course, some of their types - knives, forks, spoons - existed much earlier. However, they were not combined into complete sets until the fully set table became a form of expression of a civilized way of life and culture.

materials

Cutlery made of steel containing chromium

Steel of this type usually contains 13, 15 or 17 percent chromium in addition to iron and carbon. In documents, it is usually referred to as stainless - stainless.

Cutlery made of steel containing chromium and nickel

Production

From an idea to a finished cutlery, raw stainless steel goes through a multi-stage process, giving it the desired shape, brilliance and perfect appearance. To get a high-quality spoon, fork or knife at the output, the world's leading manufacturers use about thirty modern technological operations.

Forks and spoons

blanks are stamped from metal sheets;
then they undergo rolling, which improves the mechanical properties of the starting material;
further, the products are given their shape - sphericality for spoons and teeth for forks;
then a handle is formed;
an appropriate pattern is created on the smooth surfaces of the products, after which they are polished;
silver-plated cutlery undergoes additional processing by applying silver plating to their surface.

How to determine the quality of cutlery?

The quality of cutlery largely depends on the raw materials used to make them. However, this is not the only criterion. Correctly selected technological parameters for processing products are also very important.

The main factors affecting the quality of products:

1. Raw material quality
You should pay attention to the material specified in the specification - the grade of steel used by the manufacturer.

2. Thickness of raw material
The metal thickness of high-quality cutlery should be at least 2.5 mm (spoons and forks).

4. Corporate brand
High-quality cutlery is necessarily marked with the brand of the manufacturer, which confirms and guarantees the quality of its products.

1. Instructions for the dishwasher
The requirements of the instructions for the dishwasher must be known and strictly observed. This concerns, first of all, the amount of powder, rinsing time and regular replenishment of the supply of products that protect the machine and dishes from salt deposits when using water with increased hardness.

2. Wash without delay
Used cutlery should not remain dirty for a long time so that food remains do not enter into chemical reactions with their metal. The surface of cutlery left dirty for a long period of time may dull and acquire an unpleasant color. Therefore, it is recommended to wash them immediately after the meal, when they are most easily removed.

3. Do not fill the dishwasher basket too tightly
The jets of water in the dishwasher clean the cutlery most effectively when they are placed in the dishwasher basket not in a crowd, but loosely.

How to choose the right cutlery

The standard cutlery set consists of 24 items and includes:

6 knives
6 spoons
6 forks
6 teaspoons

The 30-piece set also includes 6 pie forks.

In addition, there are cutlery for special applications, such as pizza cutlery, spaghetti cutlery, dessert cutlery, jacket potato cutlery, fish and specialty seafood cutlery, children's cutlery, etc. The world's leading manufacturers of quality cutlery offer their customers and customers a wide range of comfortable and attractive products for various purposes, meeting the highest standards of modern design and functionality.

Yuri Solomin: remove the exam! Bring back the exams the way they were!

Remove the exam! Return exams in the form in which they existed in our school from time immemorial! My generation, your generation somehow grew up without this USE. And they grew up well educated. And the generation of current graduates was lost in terms of education. It is not yours, not ours - no one's.

Spitting in the public

Sergey Grachev, AiF:- Yuri Mefodievich, almost a year ago, in an interview with AiF, you said that much of what is happening in the country and the world sometimes upsets you literally to tears. What emotions do you experience most today?

Yuri Solomin:- I am an emotional person, I react vividly to what is happening. This is in my nature, and my profession has left its mark... Just like a year ago, I look with bitterness at what is happening with Ukraine, with Europe. This makes me more sad than happy.

You can't get away from the events of the outer world. But perhaps what worries me even more is what is happening to our culture, education, and medicine. These are the three pillars on which the nation stands, the future of the country and the new generation. I still don’t understand how it was possible to reduce the hours of the Russian language and literature at school so criminally and train children to pass the stupid exam. Now they seem to have realized: “Yes, the excesses have come out, something needs to be changed, corrected.” And what to correct?! Remove the exam! Return exams in the form in which they existed in our school from time immemorial! My generation, your generation somehow grew up without this USE. And they grew up well educated. And the generation of current graduates was lost in terms of education. It is not yours, not ours - no one's.

- Why do you think so? Maybe it's not all that bad...

This is not the first time I have seen graduates and their level of education, since I regularly take a course at the Shchepkinskoye school. Here's a fresh example for you: a girl comes to the audition and starts reading "Eugene Onegin". I ask her to start over and name the author. She announces: "Eugene Onegin." Pushkin A. S. I interrupt: “What does “A. FROM."?" She: "Name and patronymic." I ask you to decipher the initials, but she does not know the name of Pushkin! I didn't make it up! And this is not some exceptional case of illiteracy. If I wrote them all down, I would already have a huge volume.

Or here's the wife recently told. Also, a girl comes to the audition and when asked what she will read, she answers: “Nina from Chekhov". - "From which Chekhov?" - "Well, there was such a writer," the applicant clarifies. Do you understand the level? Entering the theater, she cannot name Chekhov's famous play "The Seagull".

But hasn't this happened before?

Did not have! I have been teaching since 1960 and I can compare. With the introduction of the Unified State Examination, we are forced to spend one year out of four years of study only on educating students in terms of some elementary, as it seemed before, literary things. Graduates come completely unread. They do not know writers or playwrights.

In the era of the Internet, information has become much more accessible, and you can get what you didn’t get at school. Why isn't this happening?

That is why it does not happen that it is easier to take what lies on the surface. And on the surface it turns out to be a solid "hee hee, ha ha." Take the same television: no matter what channel you turn on - everywhere, as a rule, something funny, but at the same time stupid. And you can't laugh all the time. In addition, you can laugh and cry in different ways too. Today it has become in the order of things to provoke, to shock the public. What for?! Do not do this!

- But if the public is ready to be led to provocations, this speaks of its low level too. Is not it so?

- (Thinks.) You are asking a tricky question, but I will try to explain it to you. By by and large, the public is not even provoked, but spit on that dear and only thing that she has. When, in pursuit of modernity and outrageousness, they rewrite the classics and attribute to them what they did not say and did not mean, then here I am on the side of the viewer. Modernity should be in the head and in the heart, and not in that place that sounds like “dupa” in Polish, and “kulo” in Italian. Well, does the public really deserve to be treated so badly, disrespectfully?!

Where are the billions from?

The public, like society, is different. Recently, for example, I saw how quite decent woman stole in the store, after which she was actively baptized. Don't you think that these double standards look very Russian, characteristic of our nature?

This is not "in Russian" - this is precisely the issue of double standards. Just as there were once “active communists” who did not believe in the ideas of communism, so today they are baptized without having either a cross or faith.

- What for?

God knows… Probably, in each case differently. People want to live and live well. And what example is often given to them from above?

That you can steal millions, kill, break all sorts of laws and still go unpunished.

Quite right… Have you ever wondered why the list of billionaires is growing year by year due to Russian names? Is this normal? And is it normal that, for example, some children are brought to a kindergarten by car with a personal driver and a security guard, while other children of other parents cannot be pushed into the same kindergarten for years? Meanwhile, education begins with kindergarten, many personality traits are formed there. I have already said something, but I will repeat once again: the cultivation of love for the Motherland begins only when you feel the care of the Motherland for you.

That is why, say, we are in such a deplorable state of affairs with football? Yes, because our players do not play for the Motherland, but for money! And that's not normal either! We hire Brazilians, Argentines, Uruguayans for big money, but there was no football, and no. Because it's all about money! But do we really have few talented boys from Kaliningrad to Vladivostok who can handle the ball?! For the annual salary of one legionnaire (and this is millions of euros!) It would be possible to build sports complexes in distant regions, which everyone has forgotten about. Yes, at least the yard playgrounds for playing football were equipped - and now they are gone!

Cat instead of GOST

At the beginning of the conversation, you said that the new generation has a problem with the level of education and culture. And why is today's youth and in terms of health weaker than, say, your generation? The reasons are certainly not only in medicine and ecology ...

And you remember what has changed in our production of products, and everything will become clear. The once obligatory GOST was canceled, and for many years manufacturers have been feeding us the devil with what. “Thanks” to them, we have already eaten so much of all g ... on, sorry for the expression! So it’s time to be surprised not that the younger generation is frail, but that we are still alive in general ...

When my granddaughter was little, in our family the GOST system was replaced by ... cats. My wife and I, in the order of things, had conversations in the spirit: “Don't take these sausages anymore - their cats refuse to even smell them. And those that you took the day before yesterday, take more, the cats liked them, so you can eat! (Laughs.)

Spitting in the public

“With the introduction of the Unified State Examination, we have to spend one year out of four to educate students in terms of some elementary literary things.” Photo: AiF / Stanislav Lomakin

- Why do you think so? Maybe it's not all that bad...

— This is not the first time I have seen graduates and their level of education, since I regularly take a course at the Shchepkinskoye school. Here's a fresh example for you: a girl comes to the audition and starts reading "Eugene Onegin". I ask her to start over and name the author. She announces: "Eugene Onegin." Pushkin A. S. I interrupt: “What does “A. FROM."?" She: "Name and patronymic." I ask you to decipher the initials, but she does not know the name of Pushkin! I didn't make it up! And this is not some exceptional case of illiteracy. If I wrote them all down, I would already have a huge volume.

Or here's the wife recently told. Also, a girl comes to the audition and when asked what she will read, she answers: “Nina from Chekhov". - "From what Chekhov?" “Well, he was such a writer,” the applicant clarifies. Do you understand the level? Entering the theater, she cannot name Chekhov's famous play "The Seagull".

But hasn't this happened before?

- Did not have! I have been teaching since 1960 and I can compare. With the introduction of the Unified State Examination, we are forced to spend one year out of four years of study only on educating students in terms of some elementary, as it seemed before, literary things. Graduates come completely unread. They do not know writers or playwrights.

- In the era of the Internet, information has become much more accessible, you can also take what you didn’t get at school. Why isn't this happening?

- That's why it doesn't happen that it's easier to take what lies on the surface. And on the surface it turns out to be a solid "hee hee, ha ha." Take the same TV: no matter what channel you turn on - everywhere, as a rule, something funny, but at the same time stupid. And you can't laugh all the time. In addition, you can laugh and cry in different ways too. Today it has become in the order of things to provoke, to shock the public. What for?! Do not do this!

- But if the public is ready to be led to provocations, this also speaks of its low level too. Is not it so?

— (Thinking.) You are asking a tricky question, but I will try to explain it to you. By and large, the public is not even provoked, but they spit on the expensive and only thing that they have. When, in pursuit of modernity and outrageousness, they rewrite the classics and attribute to them what they did not say and did not mean, then here I am on the side of the viewer. Modernity should be in the head and in the heart, and not in that place that sounds like “dupa” in Polish, and “kulo” in Italian. Well, does the public really deserve to be treated so badly, disrespectfully?!

Yuri Solomin in his youth. Photo: www.russianlook.com

Where are the billions from?

- The public, like society, is different. Recently, for example, I saw how a quite decent woman was stealing in a store, after which she was actively baptized. Don't you think that these double standards look very Russian, characteristic of our nature?

- This is not "in Russian" - this is precisely the issue of double standards. Just as there were once “active communists” who did not believe in the ideas of communism, so today they are baptized without having either a cross or faith.

- What for?

- God knows... Probably, in each case differently. People want to live and live well. And what example is often given to them from above?

- That you can steal millions, kill, break all kinds of laws and still go unpunished.

- Quite right ... Have you ever thought about why the list of billionaires is growing year by year due to Russian names? Is this normal? And is it normal that, for example, some children are brought to a kindergarten by car with a personal driver and a security guard, while other children of other parents cannot be pushed into the same kindergarten for years? Meanwhile, education begins in kindergarten, where many personality traits are formed. I have already said something, but I will repeat once again: the cultivation of love for the Motherland begins only when you feel the care of the Motherland for you.

Yuri Solomin on the stage of the Maly Theatre. The play "Molière" ("The Cabal of the Saints"). Photo: www.russianlook.com

Cat instead of GOST

- At the beginning of the conversation, you said that the new generation has a problem with the level of education and culture. And why is today's youth and in terms of health weaker than, say, your generation? The reasons are probably not only in medicine and ecology ...

- And you remember what has changed in our production, and everything will become clear. The once obligatory GOST was canceled, and for many years manufacturers have been feeding us the devil with what. “Thanks” to them, we have already eaten so much of all kinds of g ..., sorry for the expression! So it’s time to be surprised not that the younger generation is frail, but that we are still alive in general ...

When my granddaughter was little, in our family the GOST system was replaced by ... cats. My wife and I used to have conversations in the spirit: “Don’t take these sausages anymore - their cats refuse to even smell them. And those that you took the day before yesterday, take more, the cats liked them, so you can eat! (Laughs.)