Top dressing of Bulgarian pepper at home. Top dressing of peppers in open ground

Many gardeners prefer folk, centuries-old recipes to complex fertilizers from the store. Some consider it more environmentally friendly, others do not have the opportunity to purchase ready-made drugs for one reason or another.

However, before applying fertilizers, it is important to understand what the plant needs right now for full growth and development.

Substances affecting growth and development

At each stage of development, any plant needs a whole range of organic and mineral substances and trace elements. But the most important for healthy and active growth, flowering and fruiting are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K).

Nitrogen is vital for foliage growth and rapid growth. This element, if it is applied to the soil in a timely manner and in the right quantities, directly affects the future harvest.

However, it should be remembered that excess nitrogen can provoke the accumulation of nitrates in fruits, and this is already dangerous for humans. It is necessary to feed with nitrogen fertilizers no more than 1 time in 2 weeks and in very sparing amounts.

Nitrogen fertilizer and top dressing for peppers, tomatoes and cucumbers - no chemicals

The most popular folk remedies for nitrogen fertilizing pepper seedlings are bird manure, nettle infusion and yeast.

Potash fertilizers increase the resistance of seedlings to temperature changes, various diseases, and also improve the taste of the grown crop. Potassium is involved in photosynthesis and metabolism, stimulates the accumulation of proteins and carbohydrates.

With its deficiency, the plant slows down in growth, does not lay buds, and subsequently bears little fruit. The largest number potassium contains wood ash.

Phosphorus is the third whale on which the health of any plant rests. This element is involved in all metabolic processes of the green organism. It accelerates the formation of the root system, promotes the active growth of the ground part and active flowering. Throughout the life of a plant, from seed germination to wilting, phosphorus is essential. A large amount of phosphorus is contained in the ash.

Did you know? Sometimes sweet peppers can grow bitter. This happens if you grow next to sweet varieties hot peppers: they are pollinated, and the taste of the fruit changes already in the first year. To prevent this from happening, you need to plant burning plants as far as possible from sweet ones. Ideally, at least 5 meters away.

When to start feeding

If pepper seeds were planted in a special nutrient soil, do not rush to feed. All the necessary substances are already present in it in the right amount.

In the event that the sowing was carried out in ordinary soil from the garden, the first application of fertilizers is carried out when the young plant has 2 real, well-formed leaves. In the same period, a pick is usually carried out, and if it has taken place, top dressing is postponed for at least 2 weeks.

Many gardeners fertilize seedlings only 3 times, the last one a week before planting in a permanent place, giving preference to products with a predominance of potassium.

Fertilizers are best applied to moist soil in the evening or morning hours preferably on a cloudy day. The water temperature should be at room temperature or slightly higher.

How to improve productivity?

We are constantly getting letters in which amateur gardeners are worried that due to the cold summer this year, a poor harvest of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers, and other vegetables. Last year we published TIPS about this. But unfortunately, many did not listen, but some still applied. Here is a report from our reader, we want to advise plant growth biostimulantswhich will help increase the yield by up to 50-70%.

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Eggshell

The shell has the ability to reduce the acidity of the soil, which is important for the successful cultivation of pepper. It consists of 95% calcium carbonate, which is well absorbed by plants. In addition, it is rich in phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and organic proteins.

For cooking, you need chopped shells from 5 raw eggs and 1 liter of boiling water. The container with the soaked shell is left for at least 5 days, the contents are periodically shaken. The resulting product is applied to the soil at a rate of 1.5 cups per 1 m².

The infusion on the eggshell has a specific smell, which intensifies as it is cooked. Because of this feature, not every gardener resorts to it.

Yeast

Special fungi, which are yeasts, qualitatively change the structure and composition of the soil. The introduction of yeast fertilizers when growing pepper has several positive aspects: immunity and endurance increase, the growth of roots and the ground part accelerates. The plant receives all the necessary substances necessary for healthy development.

Single-celled bacteria, which begin to actively multiply in the soil, saturate it with phosphorus, potassium and other useful substances.

To prepare such top dressing, you need 10 g of dry yeast, pour 10 l warm water and add 2 teaspoons of sugar. The resulting mixture is allowed to brew a little and applied to the soil.

You can also use live yeast - 200 g per 1 liter of warm water. This concentrate is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 before feeding.

Ash

Not all ash will serve as a good fertilizer. The most valuable will be the one obtained as a result of burning fruit and deciduous trees, especially birch. Softwood ash will be less useful. In no case should it be used as a fertilizer, if newspapers and household garbage were burned along with wood, this will only harm the plant.

This is interesting: ash is a natural fungicide and insecticide. Adding it to the soil will protect the plant from many pests.

For seedlings of pepper and other nightshade 100 g of wood ash is poured into 10 l cold water and let it brew for a day. Do not be surprised that after this time it will not dissolve, but will settle to the bottom. All important trace elements are already dissolved. To enhance efficiency, the mixture is mixed before being applied to the soil.

banana peel

The peel of a banana, like the pulp, contains a large amount of potassium. It is used both dry and fresh. Some people burn the skins and apply the ash thus obtained directly to the ground or dilute it in the same way as ordinary ash.

To feed pepper with this folk remedy, it is enough to take the peel from 3-4 bananas, pour 3 liters of water on it and let it stand for 3 days. With the resulting infusion, water the plants under the root.

Nettle infusion

One of the best dressings for tomato and pepper seedlings is considered by many to be nettle infusion. For cooking, you will need a large container, into which crushed leaves and stalks of nettle are poured (by ⅙ of the total volume). Then topped up warm water, close the lid and insist for about a week.
The fermented liquid is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 and applied under the root.

As a basis, in addition to nettle, you can use dandelion, tomato tops, wormwood, yarrow.

Tip: it is better to cook this fertilizer away from living quarters, because when it is ready, it has an extremely unpleasant nauseating smell.

onion peel

Onion peel is a storehouse of trace elements useful for plants. Onion infusion has a beneficial effect on the root system, stimulating its active development. Phytoncides, which are part of the husk, are a good prevention against many diseases.

The broth is quite simple to prepare: pour 2 cups of chopped husks with 5 liters of water, bring to a boil and let it brew for several hours. The resulting concentrate is diluted 1:5 with water. The decoction diluted in this way can be applied directly to the soil, or you can spray the bushes.
This tool is also used for resuscitation of fading and yellowed plants.

bird droppings

Perhaps the best nitrogen fertilizer for seedlings of peppers is difficult to come up with. However, it should be remembered that it is necessary to make it only once before landing in open ground.

To prepare the fertilizer, it is necessary to mix bird droppings with water in a ratio of 1: 2 and leave to infuse for 2-3 days. The resulting mixture is added to water during irrigation at the rate of 1 liter of diluted litter per 10 liters of water. It is advisable to fertilize at the very root, without irrigating the leaves and stem.

Such top dressing stimulates the growth of the green mass of the plant, which is the most relevant and significant at the seedling stage.

Important: pepper seedlings do not tolerate fresh manure, in any form. Even in low concentrations, this remedy can burn young roots and cause irreparable harm to the plant as a whole.

Energy supplement

Weak seedlings growing in poor soil or with a lack of light will benefit from energy feeding. One option is a decoction of potatoes. The starch it contains stimulates the plant to grow.

Another way to "resurrect" such seedlings is to water them with sweetened water. 1.5-2 teaspoons of granulated sugar are dissolved in a glass of water and applied under the root.

Top dressing of weak seedlings of pepper folk remedies helps in a gentle way to strengthen plants and push to further development. It is not recommended to make stronger drugs.

foliar top dressing

In addition to nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus, pepper seedlings will not be harmed by the introduction of manganese. This element has a beneficial effect on the number and size of future fruits, is a disinfectant.

In a bucket of water, dilute 2 g of potassium permanganate and spray the resulting solution ground part plants. It is important not to overdo it with the concentration: the water should have a pale pink tint, otherwise you can do harm to the pepper plantings.

Signs of a mineral deficiency

By appearance plants can determine which trace elements it currently lacks. So, with a lack of nitrogen, pale leaves are observed in pepper, their yellowing from the main veins to the edges, in running case- falling leaves.

Potassium deficiency is externally manifested by yellowing and drying of the lower leaves, stiffness of the shoots and cessation of growth.

If there is a lack of calcium in the soil, gray-yellow dots appear on the leaves, vegetation slows down, and the growth point dies.

An insufficient amount of phosphorus will be indicated by a change in leaf color to bluish-green, eventually turning into purple-red. There is a stretching of the stems, twisting of the leaves, the plant blooms late and bears fruit reluctantly.

Having opted for folk fertilizers, one should not forget a simple thing: as in the case of industrial chemicals, it is still better to underfeed than overfeed.

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Sweet bell pepper, this is what they call this nightshade culture in our country, a wonderful vegetable that can be eaten raw and cooked from it first and second courses. All of them are very piquant, with a pleasant aftertaste, so growing such a vegetable is not so easy in your summer cottage.

How to properly care for the plant so that the fruits are born juicy and large?

Features of care during flowering

On the video - how to feed the pepper during flowering:

The main condition for obtaining a good harvest and in order to avoid fungal diseases is that the stem of the plant must dry out by night, and at night it remains completely dry. That is, you need to water in advance so that the moisture has time to evaporate.

It is necessary to feed the plant regularly during the set of flowers and growth, the following ingredients are the most useful for it:

You can purchase combined fertilizers, which already include all of the listed elements, or you can feed yourself in turn with each of them.

Features of flowering

On the video - spraying pepper:

A little about pests

You can make an infusion of ash, for example, take a liter of warm water in a glass, insist it, strain it, and spray the lower parts of the leaves with this solution from a spray bottle. This tool is absolutely safe for humans, but helps to get rid of malicious pests. We also recommend that you read our article, which will tell you.

To get a good and rich harvest of any garden plant is the goal of every summer resident. Not an exception - and. To achieve a positive result, a number of measures are applied that are aimed at ensuring better conditions necessary for a good vegetable growing season. One of the most important is pepper nutrition. He, like all crops, needs nutrients that provide not only rapid growth, but also increase the plant's resistance to many diseases and sudden climate changes.

Fertilizers for pepper should have a minimum concentration of chlorine or its complete absence, since the vegetable does not tolerate the influence of this substance. This stage of caring for a vegetable, like top dressing, must be approached with special care. How to properly combine the necessary minerals? What and when is the best time to apply? What fertilizer do peppers need?

Feeding the vegetable is necessary from the first days of the appearance of sprouts. From this time until the period when the fruit begins to form, the vegetable needs phosphate fertilizers to a greater extent. Pepper under the influence of this mineral begins to grow better, metabolic processes improve, the plant is saturated with the necessary amount of energy for rapid development. Phosphorus is part of the RNA and DNA of pepper, and its right amount is the key to success in growing and the path to increasing yields. Even if phosphorus enters the plant body in excess, it does not harm the culture. The plant consumes the required amount.

One of the best and most affordable fertilizers of this group of minerals is. It contains about 20% phosphorus. In double superphosphate, the level of this mineral reaches 45%. Another phosphate fertilizer with a 40% share is Superphos. They dissolve easily in water and are well absorbed by plants. Such a fertilizer of peppers (tomatoes, eggplant) will allow you to get good harvest within the scheduled time.

For the first time, seedlings must be watered immediately after germination with a solution of 30 g of superphosphate, 7 g of urea and 10 l. water. At this stage, this is the most perfect combination for rapid seedling growth. A few other ways to create a nutrient solution are as follows:

• Phoscamide and superphosphate . Mixed for 15g. and 10g/bucket of water. Watering should be moderate and no more than two times with a break of 7 days.
• Superphos, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate . The proportions of these minerals are determined from the ratio 15g/20g/30g. For good dissolution and achieving the required concentration, it is enough to take a container with a volume of 10 liters. (clean bucket).
• Kemira-Lux. Complex fertilizer (phosphorus - 20%, potassium 27%, nitrogen - 16%). One of the most effective phosphorus-potassium fertilizers for pepper. It is enough to dissolve about 2 tablespoons in 10 liters. liquids. As practice shows, just one feeding is enough, but if necessary, you can repeat it after a week and a half.

What is the most commonly used outdoor pepper fertilizer?

The soil for pepper seedlings should be well cultivated, friable and free of acid content when it comes to open soil.

It should be remembered that the best predecessors for pepper are onions, cucumbers, pumpkins, cabbage, zucchini, carrots. You can not plant a vegetable on the same bed two or more times, and also, after potatoes, eggplants and tomatoes. This can affect the quality and quantity of the crop.

Top dressing of pepper in the ground is carried out immediately before the transfer of finished seedlings to a permanent place of vegetation. During this period, organic fertilizers must be applied. It is best to prepare a mixture of 5-10g. superphosphate, 300 g of humus (peat), potassium salt 10 g. These proportions are observed per 10 liters. It is recommended to add 100 g of wood ash to each well to protect the plant from diseases and pests. Also, wood ash is useful for better development of the plant in a new place.

In total, about 5 feeding of pepper bushes is carried out during the growing season. Two weeks after planting seedlings in the soil, summer residents carry out top dressing of pepper in open field for the first time. In this case, nitrogen fertilizers are used. It is very important to monitor the plant at the beginning of its active growth. If it appears on the leaves white coating or their tips become yellow and dry, this is a sign of a lack of nitrogen.

The first feeding of pepper is very important and should not be neglected, even if the plant is developing normally and there are no external signs of its weakness.

At the time of the formation of the ovaries, the second top dressing is carried out. During this period, the plant needs the most potassium. It is better to use Kalimagnesia or potassium sulfate. They do not contain chlorine, which is so harmful to peppers. Potassium magnesia is best used on light soils. The main advantage of this fertilizer is that it contains magnesium (about 9%). It has a good effect on the development and strengthening of the root system. Potassium magnesia is applied to the soil under the root at the rate of 30g. to a bucket of water.

The third feeding of pepper is carried out during the period of active flowering. The plant needs the most nitrogen. Its deficiency is indicated by darkened, wrinkled leaves. Often, with a lack of nitrogenous supplements, dry lower leaves. Nitrogen can be applied through drip irrigation systems, or you can simply disperse it dry throughout the garden. Some summer residents recommend the use of foliar top dressing of pepper (spraying the leaves). The best nitrogen-containing fertilizers for pepper growth: ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, carbamide (urea).

During the period of fruit formation, the fourth top dressing is carried out. Calcium is added to the complex of nourishing mineral-capable agents. It is necessary for the formation of weighty, juicy and fleshy fruits. The best is calcium nitrate. It must be applied during the period of fruit formation. It is recommended to use foliar top dressing at the rate of 20 g/10 l. water. Count on 1-1.5 m 2 area. Calcium nitrate can be prepared at home.

To do this, collect the necessary components (ammonium nitrate, slaked lime, water). In a 3-liter metal container, add 300 grams of ammonium nitrate and 0.5 liters. water. On low heat, keep this substance to a boil. At this time, when the boiling period passes in small portions, it is necessary to pour slaked lime (no more than 140 g).

The fifth top dressing of pepper in the open field is carried out during active fruiting. During this period, it is very important to introduce a complex of mineral substances superphosphate under the root of the plant. Also a very important aspect of active fruit formation is frequent watering, especially on dry days. About 8-10 days before harvest, watering must be stopped.

Top dressing of pepper with nettle

Very often summer residents and gardeners resort to folk dressings of pepper. Their recipes are passed down from generation to generation. widely known folk method is top dressing of nettle pepper. To prepare the infusion, young nettles are needed, the stems of which have not yet formed seed material. Plants should be free from damage and painful lesions. Preparing sourdough is very easy:

• A 10-liter bucket must be more than half filled with nettles and pressed tightly. Then pour water and place about 40 g of yeast to speed up the fermentation process. The mixture should be stirred.
• Next, several heavy stones are placed on the resulting mass, emitting a press.
• After 2 days, the mixture is stirred. The same manipulations should be carried out every three days.
• The infusion will be ready after the nettle sinks down, approximately 18 days should pass.

Feeding with nettle infusion is allowed every 10 days, regardless of the application of other fertilizers. Many gardeners consider nettle the best top dressing for sweet peppers, they are also used for top dressing. Nettle fertilizer can also be combined with bread and dandelions. You can use the method of methane fermentation (cover the container with nettles to maximum tightness plastic wrap for about two weeks).

Fertilizers for peppers in the greenhouse

For growing peppers in a greenhouse, both organic and. The reviews of some summer residents say that along with organic matter a number of diseases can be introduced and, in this case, the plants will certainly be infected with them. No, it's not.

It should be noted that properly prepared organic fertilizers, in compliance with the proportions, guarantee an increase in the quality and quantity of the crop.

• From the moment of planting in protected ground, seedlings are fed every two weeks. It is recommended that, before fertilizing peppers in the greenhouse, lightly moisten the soil with warm water. You can apply foliar top dressing by spraying. For this, it is preferable to use the breeding method chicken manure in a bucket of water, in a ratio of 1:10. This fertilizer is well absorbed by the plant when temperature regime not more than 25 and not less than 22 degrees Celsius. If granulated bird droppings are used, its proportion to water is 1:20 (about 0.5 kg of droppings is enough for 10 liters of capacity).
• Slurry is used as root dressing for Bulgarian peppers in the greenhouse. Diluted in water in a ratio of 1:5. per meter square square enough 4-6 liters.
• Every 7 days it is recommended to alternate organic and mineral complex fertilizers for peppers. This will allow you to get earlier and big harvest. Ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate and superphosphate are widely used in the greenhouse.

Pepper fertilizer in the greenhouse should be carried out about 6-7 times (3 main top dressings and 3-4 additional ones through organics).

Timely fertilization of bitter (spicy) is the key to successful vegetable cultivation.

Feeding and caring for pepper, video