How to jump for the ball to the goalkeeper. How can a goalkeeper read the direction of the ball on penalties?

31.03.2022

The football goalkeeper has a huge responsibility - to prevent the ball from entering the goal and, accordingly, not to allow the opponent to win the game. In order to effectively protect the gate from the enemy, you should acquire some important skills. You can hone them through regular training.

Goalkeeper fitness: strong arms, legs and torso

Good physical preparation is the key to a successful goalkeeper game. The goalkeeper must have strong arms, legs and torso. To achieve this, various exercises will help, which should be given time 2-3 times a week.

Strong legs help keep the ball off the net after a save or as it flies into the net. , on a special simulator, stretching without weight and with weight - these exercises will make the legs elastic, strong, and the blow - accurate and confident.

Exercises to throw and catch the ball flying at different speeds and from different distances, push-ups from the floor, pull-ups are an excellent workout for the goalkeeper's hands.

To restore muscles after a heavy load, you can visit the pool. Water is able to relax the muscles of the body and fill the body with the energy necessary for the next workout. A bath is also good for muscle recovery and.

Psychological attitude: how not to be afraid of the ball?

The main fear of many goalkeepers is the fear of a ball flying at them. They turn their backs on him, run off to the side, or close their eyes altogether. If the goalkeeper does not get rid of this phobia and does not learn how to parry the shot, then he will never become a good player.
The ability to keep a cool head during the game and deal objectively with defeat is another important moral aspect of a good goalkeeper. A player who is unnecessarily worried about the ball hitting the goal loses his vigilance and makes multiple mistakes. The result of such a game may be the defeat of the team.

How to develop reaction to blows

A trained goalkeeper must have an impeccable reaction to the opponent's attacks and be able to repel kicks and punches. You can develop this ability during class by asking other participants in the game to throw the ball from various directions and distances. A good goalkeeper will score as many shots as possible.

The goalkeeper must be able to quickly assess the situation, choose the best way to repel the blow, correctly evaluate the opponent's movements (sometimes deceptive). If the ball is very close, the goalkeeper must run 1.5 meters out of the goal and try to grab it, putting the opponent in a difficult position.

The goalkeeper must anticipate the opponent's actions in advance, "read the minds" of the attacker and react with lightning speed to all his attacks and cunning moves. It is important to limit the enemy's options for attacking the gate and move to the area where the attacker is aiming.

Various games using the ball and arms, legs, head, torso will additionally train these parts of the body and develop the player's reaction. We also recommend - this is a great workout for every football player.

The technique of playing a goalkeeper differs significantly from the technique of playing a field player. This is due to the fact that the goalkeeper, according to the rules, is allowed to play with his hands within the penalty area.

The goalkeeper's technique includes catching, rebounding, transfers and throwing the ball. Depending on the location of the partners and players of the opposing team, and on the direction, trajectory and speed of the ball, various techniques, methods and varieties of goalkeeper actions are used. Their classification is given in fig. 36.

During the game, the goalkeeper uses the necessary arsenal of field player's equipment.

The successful implementation of techniques is largely determined by the goalkeeper's readiness for action. One of the readiness factors is an expedient starting position of the goalkeeper. It is characterized by standing legs apart (legs shoulder-width apart and slightly bent). Half-bent arms are extended forward at chest level. The palms are turned inward - forward. The fingers are slightly apart. The correct starting position allows the goalkeeper to quickly take the BCT out of the support area and perform the necessary movements with regular, side and cross steps, jumps and falls.

Rice. 36. Classification of goalkeeper technique

2.5.1. Catching the ball

Catching the ball is the main means of playing the goalkeeper. It is carried out mainly with two hands. Depending on the direction, trajectory and speed of the ball, the catch is performed from below, above or from the side. Balls flying at a considerable distance from the goalkeeper are caught in the fall.

When catching the ball from below the goalkeeper takes possession of the balls that roll, fall and fly low (to chest level) towards him.

In the preparatory phase, when catching rolling balls, the goalkeeper leans forward and lowers his arms down (fig. 37). In this case, the palms are facing the ball, the fingers are somewhat spaced, half-bent and almost touch the ground. Hands should not be overly tense. The legs are closed, straight or slightly bent.

The working phase is characterized by the fact that at the moment of contact with the ball, it is picked up by the hands from below, the arms are bent at the elbow joints and pull the ball to the stomach. The speed of the ball is extinguished due to the depreciation actions of the lowered hands.

In the final phase, the goalkeeper straightens up.

Rice. 37. Catching a rolling ball from below

In modern football, another option is used to catch rolling balls with two hands from below (Fig. 38). Its peculiarity is that instead of a tilt, a squat is performed on one leg, which unfolds approximately 50-80. The second leg, significantly bent at the knee joint, with support on the toe, is also deployed.

Hands down, palms facing the ball. Direct catching of the ball is carried out, as in the case described above.

Rice. 38. Catching a rolling ball in a squat

When catching low-flying (to the level of the stomach) and falling balls in front of the goalkeeper in the preparatory phase, slightly bent arms are carried out with palms forward towards the ball (Fig. 39). The fingers are slightly apart and bent. At the same time, the torso slightly leans forward, and the legs bend. The amount of their bending depends on the trajectory of the ball. At the moment of contact with the ball, the goalkeeper picks it up with his hands from below and pulls it to the stomach or chest. With a significant speed of the ball, an additional yielding backward movement is performed by straightening the legs and tilting the torso forward.

During the game, it is necessary to catch balls rolling and flying low away from the goalkeeper, as well as falling in front of him at a considerable distance. In this case, the goalkeeper first moves in the direction of the ball movement with a running or cross step, as well as a jump - mainly with a push of one foot up, up - forward or up - to the sides.

Rice. 39. Catching a flying ball from below

Catching the ball from above is used to master balls flying with an average trajectory (at chest and head level), as well as high-flying and falling balls (Fig. 40).

Taking the starting position in the preparatory phase, the goalkeeper brings forward or forward-up (depending on the level of the ball flight) slightly bent arms. The palms facing the ball, with fingers apart and half-bent, form a kind of “hemisphere”. The distance between the thumbs is insignificant (3-5 cm).

In the working phase, the ball, upon contact, is wrapped around the fingers from the front - from the side, the brushes are somewhat closer. The speed of the ball is extinguished due to the inferior rotation of the hands and bending of the arms.

In the final phase, the goalkeeper, bending his arms as much as possible, pulls the ball to his chest in the shortest possible way.

Rice. 40. Catching the ball from above

To master balls flying with a high trajectory, they use catching with two hands from above in a jump (Fig. 41). Depending on the direction of the ball's flight, with a push with one or two legs, jumps up, forward-up or up-to the sides are performed. A jump with a push with one foot is performed mainly in motion, and a jump with a push with two legs - from a place. At the moment of repulsion, the hands are swung upward towards the ball. After catching, landing occurs on slightly bent legs.

Rice. 41. Catching the ball from above in a jump

Catching the ball from the side is used to master balls flying with an average trajectory away from the goalkeeper.

In the preparatory phase, the hands are carried to the side - forward in the direction of the ball's flight. The hands are parallel, the fingers are somewhat spaced and half-bent. The weight of the body is transferred to the leg closest to the side of the catch. The torso turns somewhat in the same direction. The execution of the working and final phases is similar in structure to catching the ball with two hands from above.

Catching the ball in the fall is an effective means of mastering balls directed unexpectedly, accurately, and often strongly away from the goalkeeper. It is used when intercepting passes (“crosses” along the gate) and when taking the ball at the feet of the opponent.

There are two options for catching the ball in the fall: without the flight phase and with the flight phase.

The first option is used to catch rolling and low-flying balls at a distance of 2-2.5 m away from the goalkeeper (Fig. 42). In the preparatory phase,

wide step in the direction of the ball. The leg closest to the ball is bent sharply. BCT is taken out of the area of support and decreases. Hands rush to the ball, which contributes to both the movement of the body and the fall. The fall occurs in a “roll” in the following sequence: first, the shin touches the ground, then the thigh, the sides of the pelvis and torso. Arms extended parallel to block the path of the ball. The location of the hands, as well as the direct catch, are the same as when catching the ball with two hands from above without falling. In the final phase, grouping, the goalkeeper bends his arms and pulls the ball to his chest. At the same time, the legs are bent.

Rice. 42. Catching the ball in the fall (no flight phase)

To catch balls rolling and flying at a considerable distance from the goalkeeper, a fall with a flight phase is used (Fig. 43). In the preliminary phase, the goalkeeper takes one or two quick side or cross steps in the direction of the ball's flight. The method of movement depends on individual skills. Preparation for repulsion begins with the tilt of the body and the removal of the BCT beyond the support area. The push is performed by the foot closest to the direction of flight of the ball. Hands are actively extended to the ball. the movement of the arm, the swinging of the second leg, contributes to the repulsive force. Its angle is determined by the level of movement of the ball. When catching high-flying balls, repulsion is made to the side - up, when catching balls flying at an average level - to the side.

When catching rolling and low-flying balls, the torso inclination is more significant, the flexion of the pushing leg is more pronounced, the goalkeeper's flight path is low, creeping parallel to the ground. The ball is caught in the flight phase. After mastering the ball, a grouping is performed (flexion of the arms with the ball and legs at the hip joint), which causes forward rotation around the mid-posterior axis. Under the influence of gravity, a landing occurs in the following sequence: first on the forearm, then on the shoulder, lateral parts of the torso and pelvis, legs.

Rice. 43. Catching the ball in the fall (with a flight phase)

2.5.2. hitting the ball

If it is not possible to use the catch of the ball (resistance of the opponent, strong blow, “difficult” ball, etc.), it is beaten off. Batting includes actions with the help of which the goalkeeper blocks the ball's path into the goal, interrupts shooting and mounted passes. In this case, the goalkeeper does not take possession of the ball.

Hitting the ball is performed with both two and one hand. The first technique is more reliable, since the blocking area is larger. However, the second technique allows you to hit balls flying at a considerable distance from the goalkeeper.

The preliminary and preparatory phases of the movement when hitting the ball with one or two hands are in many ways similar to the movements when catching the ball from above and from the side. Towards the ball, in accordance with the direction and trajectory of its movement, the goalkeeper quickly takes out one or two tense hands with fingers slightly apart. The ball is hit most often with the palms. Sometimes the ball hits the forearm. When hitting the ball, it is desirable to direct it away from the goal.

Balls flying at a considerable distance from the goalkeeper should be hit with one or two hands in the fall. Moreover, with one hand you can get a ball that is more difficult to hit (Fig. 44).

Rice. 44. Hitting the ball with one hand in the fall

Interrupting shooting and mounted passes, the goalkeeper in single combat with the opponent's players must hit the ball a considerable distance. this is done by hitting the ball with one or two fists.

When hitting with a fist from the shoulder in the preparatory phase, a backswing is performed, retracting the striking arm bent at the elbow joint (Fig. 45). The body turns in the same direction. The shock movement begins with the rotation of the body to its original position and ends with a sharp straightening of the tense arm. The contact of the ball and the fist occurs until the moment of full extension of the arm.

2.5.3. Ball transfer

The direction of the goalkeeper flying into the goal of the ball over the top crossbar is called transfer. Mostly balls are transferred that fly strongly and with a high trajectory above or away from the goalkeeper.

The actions of the goalkeeper when transferring the ball are in many ways similar to the actions when hitting the ball. Translation is also done with one or two hands.

In the preparatory phase, one or two tense arms are carried out in the direction of the ball's flight (Fig. 46). A flying ball, meeting an obstacle, hits the palms placed at an angle (one or two), and its trajectory changes. Transferring the ball with the palms is the most reliable. However, this is not always possible. Often, to transfer balls flying under the top bar, it is enough to reach out with tense fingers, block the path of the ball and change its trajectory. Similar balls are also translated with fists. In this case, the trajectory of the flight of the ball is changed due to a slight blow with a fist, which is directed upwards - backwards.

This technique is usually carried out with one and less often with two hands.

Throwing the ball with one hand is performed from above, from the side and from below.

Ball throws are performed on the spot, in step. Their use in motion is strictly regulated by the rules.

On the football field, the goalkeeper has a lot of tasks, and everything needs to be done in order to protect the goal from the goals of his rivals. The range of his techniques includes techniques that allow you to correctly receive and reflect serves in various positions, make jumps, lunges and throws. Also, the goalkeeper must master the techniques of the correct fall, because it is this technique that often determines the outcome of the game.

A fall in football is often associated with catching a round, so you need to know how to group up in order to take the projectile without painful consequences.

How to catch a low-flying ball in the fall

In a situation where the goalkeeper does not have time to reach the ball (the flying projectile is in a disadvantageous position for catching), his task is to run some distance in cross steps (if necessary), turning in the direction of the round projectile and jump close to the ground.

When pushing, the hands must be thrown up so that the ball flies exactly in the palm of your hand. When falling, the leg closest to the ground should be bent. Emphasis is placed on it when landing with a further roll on the body, then on the shoulder.

Catch the ball from the side of the goalkeeper

This method brings results when the round flies past the goalkeeper, or, if necessary, to intercept the "lumbago" along the goal line. It is also applicable when it is necessary to select the ball at the feet of the players of the opposite team.
The use of falls is made in flight and without it. The first case occurs when it is necessary to catch the ball two or three meters from the position of the goalkeeper. The jump and fall are performed as follows:

A step is taken towards the moving ball;
The leg that is close to the projectile must be sharply bent;
When pushing off the ground;
Hands are exposed to meet the ball;
The goalkeeper makes a fall, consistently rolling from: shins to thigh, side, torso, arms;
Outstretched arms prevent the ball from entering the goal;
A grouping is made: the arms are bent when grabbing the ball, the projectile is attracted to the chest.

The second case occurs when the goalkeeper needs to catch the ball from a long distance. The goalkeeper does the following:

Quickly performs a couple of cross steps along the line of motion of a flying ball;
Takes off with the foot closest to the ball and catches the ball (in flight/jump);
As soon as the ball touches the hands, it tucks;
Lands on the forearm, later on the shoulder, side, pelvic region.

hitting the ball

Falls cannot be avoided when it is necessary to repulse the projectile. Especially if the projectile flies in the opposite direction from the goalkeeper. In this scenario, you need to hit with one (this technique will bring more effectiveness for catching difficult balls), or with two hands using a fall. They beat with palms, forearms or a fist (swing and bend at the elbow before hitting the ball directly). In any of the options, you need to turn the body and move your hands towards the ball. You need to try to beat the projectile in the opposite direction from the command gate, not down and not up.

The fall is made by catching and rebounding the ball, directed along the trajectory above the level of the shoulders and head. A round projectile is caught by pulling it to the chest, arching it inward (a funnel is created, or a deepening of protection). To increase the power of the push, the foot of the pushing leg must be turned with the toe in the direction of the jump.

Fall technique

Falls are made gently, with rolls (change of support on different parts of the body). Football sections teach goalkeepers to fall by jumping and landing on their hands (elbows bent). The emphasis is on the palm of your hand, the body gently lowers, rolling onto the chest, then onto the stomach. Further, the emphasis goes to the hip area, then to the knees, and the goalkeeper can quickly rise to his feet. Such exercises usually go at a slow pace, but as soon as the students adapt, the technique begins to work for a while. The sooner the goalkeeper gets back on his feet, the more success the team will have.

Basic rules for falling goalkeeper:

The fall should occur gradually with rolls to different parts of the body: the lower leg (or foot) touches the first floor, then the thigh, then the torso itself, only at the end - the arms. It is not necessary to fall like a dead swan - it is possible to beat off all parts of the body and get serious injuries;
In no case should you fall on your stomach (especially flat). This technique needs to be practiced on a soft floor (mats, or a special coating in gyms) or on grass;
After the fall, you need to carefully rise so as not to damage the limbs and not lose the ball. Press the round projectile to the body with one hand, rest against the ground with the other and rise to your feet. Only then can the goalkeeper shoot.

The well-known expression "goalkeeper - half of the team" speaks for itself, it is this player who is responsible for the main goal in the game - the opponent's goal. If he does not fulfill his duties, then the responsibility for the loss by 50% will lie with him. For this, training sessions for falling, catching and hitting balls are made.

Many guys dream of becoming like the best goalkeeper in the world Lev Yashin, modern goalkeepers of the USSR national team Yevgeny Rudakov, Vladimir Astapovsky and Yuri Degtyarev. However, becoming a good goalkeeper is not easy. After all, the goalkeeper, besides the fact that he must be strong, jumpy and courageous, must also possess special equipment. That is, to be able to catch and hit balls, make a wide variety of jumps and throws, throw the ball in with your hands and knock it out from your hands and from the ground. But don't let the variety and complexity of goalkeeping techniques scare you. With diligent and conscious training, you can achieve good success. In addition, small football, in which the goalkeeper has to play very often and withstand heavy loads, will be an excellent school of play for you.

The technique of playing a goalkeeper in futsal is basically the same as that of a goalkeeper in big football. True, certain differences in small football still make some features in the goalkeeper's game. For example, in small football, the goalkeeper should be especially good at such techniques as hitting the ball with his hands and feet, throwing the ball with his hands at various distances.

Rice. 28. The main goalkeeper's stand: a - front view, b - side view

Main rack. The goalkeeper stands at the goal with his legs apart 35-40 cm, slightly turning his toes. The weight of the body is evenly distributed on both legs. The knees are slightly bent, the torso is slightly tilted forward, the arms are lowered down and slightly bent, the gaze is directed at the ball (Fig. 28).

Catching the ball. The main technique of the goalkeeper's game is catching the ball with his hands. The goalkeeper has to catch balls flying at different heights and rolling on the ground, with and without falling. An important condition for catching the ball is the ability to gently receive the ball and extinguish the speed of its flight.

Rice. 29. Catching a rolling ball

Catching a rolling ball. The technique of catching the ball rolling towards the goalkeeper is as follows. The goalkeeper closes his legs, leans forward and lowers his hands down with palms to the ball. As soon as the ball touches the palms, the arms are bent at the elbows and the ball is pulled towards the stomach (Fig. 29).

If the ball rolls away from the goalkeeper, it usually has to be caught falling to the ground or floor. It is done like this. The goalkeeper makes a quick throw and, throwing his hands to the ball, catches it, and then pulls it to his chest (fig. 30). At the time of the fall, the lower leg is bent at the knee. The goalkeeper lands not flat, but with a roll, that is, first the leg touches the ground, then the torso, and then the arms. Landing immediately on your hands or on your stomach is dangerous.

Rice. 30. Catching a rolling ball in the fall

Receiving balls rolling away from the goalkeeper, train on soft ground.

Catching flying balls. Balls flying at knee level are caught in this way. The legs are closed so that the ball does not pass between them. At the moment the ball touches the palms, it quickly pulls up to the stomach (Fig. 31).

Rice. 31. Catching a ball flying at knee level

Rice. 32. Catching a ball flying at the level of the abdomen or chest

Balls flying at the level of the abdomen or chest are accepted as follows (Fig. 32). The goalkeeper slightly tilts his torso forward, extends his arms with palms down. At the moment the ball touches the palms, it is pulled to the stomach with a soft movement of the hands. Balls flying at chest level are often caught with a preliminary jump up.

» » » How to stand at the gate

How to stand on goal in football

In the actions of the goalkeeper, 2 components can be distinguished - physical actions and moral stability. Both of these are very important. Even if the goalkeeper makes excellent shots, reflects difficult blows, but conceding an offensive goal or for some other reason breaks morally, this is a very big minus for him. Having broken down psychologically, the goalkeeper can no longer continue to stand on the gate as well. Therefore, it is very important for the goalkeeper not to succumb to emotions in any case, but to be calm and cool in any situation on the football field.
For example, if the goalkeeper missed an annoying goal and starts to get nervous because of this, then he should calm down. One can imagine that this goal was not, but it is also necessary to set yourself up for the fact that you should improve and try not to miss such goals again.

How to stand on the goal - do not be afraid of the ball!

An important psychological point in the successful actions of the goalkeeper is that one should not be afraid of the ball. Remember, if you really want to become a goalkeeper - you should not be afraid of the ball, you should not turn away from it, turn your back, close your eyes. You must always watch the ball and if it flies at you, then only without being afraid of it you can always reflect it.

Yes, the ball can get a very painful hit. And in order to avoid it and at the same time not hide from the ball, I advise you to properly overlap. How to do it? Everything is very simple. With your right hand you cover the groin, and with your left hand you cover the solar plexus. Hands can be changed. In this case, even if you do not have time to reflect the blow that flies at you, you are unlikely to receive a truly painful blow. However, you don't have to stay like this all the time. It’s worth covering up when an opposing player is close to you with the ball and getting ready to deliver a strong blow to your goal.

A very important point in the actions of the goalkeeper is that he must respond well to blows. He should not try to guess the direction of the ball, but should carefully watch the ball and be ready at any moment to deflect the kick. In order to reflect strong blows, one should have a good reaction and not be afraid of the ball. Goalkeeper reaction is easiest to develop with a partner. He hits you on goal from various distances, and you beat.

Goalkeeper technique or how to reflect blows correctly

Goalkeeper technique differs depending on the size of the goal. On our sports grounds there are mostly small goals - mini football. Therefore, let's start with how to properly stand on such a gate.
If you play as a goalkeeper, you should take a position in the center of the goal, but if your field player interferes with your view, either ask him to move away or move a little closer to the post. The goalkeeper must see the ball.
If the ball flies straight at you, then you can try to catch a weak blow. You can hit the ball into the ground, right in front of your feet, and then catch it. It is better to beat off a strong blow, and it is necessary to reflect it not in front of you, but to the side. Accordingly, we direct the palms of the hands to the side for this.

Much more difficult is the situation with blows that fly into the corners of the goal. If the ball flies at the level of your head, slightly above it or at the level of the upper half of your body, to reflect the blow, it is enough to stretch the nearest arm or both arms to the side, if you do not reach it, you need to take a step in the direction where the ball is flying and extend your arm, just you should pull the body in this direction. If the ball flies weakly, you can move to the side with two steps and the ball will then fly straight at you, then it will be easier to reflect it, and you can catch it
The important point is that your legs should be slightly bent at the knees. This will allow you to step your foot to the side faster.

Kicks that fly from the bottom of the goalkeeper must beat off with his feet. When the shots into the corner of the goal are low, you should lunge with your foot to the side and stretch it as far as possible so that it reaches the bar, and at the same time you should bend the other leg and squat on it. In the direction where the ball flies, you must stretch the torso along with the leg. To belay, you should extend your arms towards the ball, because it can bounce and go over your leg, or to deflect a blow that flies above your outstretched leg. This is not a very simple technical action and it needs to be trained. There is a good exercise for him. You squat on your left leg, and stretch your right leg to the right of you, pull your torso to the outstretched leg. Then change legs.