All verbs are present simple. Group Times Simple (Indefinite)

20.10.2019

present simple is the simple present tense in English. Present simple is used to describe PERMANENT actions. For TEMPORARY actions, another time is used - Present continuous (present continius).

Present simpl is the most commonly used tense of the four present tenses in English. It occurs in about 65% of sentences expressed in the present tense. However, it is not universal and cannot describe any situation in the present. The following video shows in which cases the Present simple is used and how it is formed.

In order to understand the essence of any time, including the Present simple, you need to consider two aspects - the rules of formation and the rules of use. Let's start with the last one.

Rule of use 1.
Present simple is used to describe PERMANENT actions:

Rule of use 2.
Present simple describes constant situations WITHOUT INDICATION of the duration of the action. (The present perfect is used with the duration of the action)

Education rules Present simple

Rule of education 1.
simple present tense present simple conjugate differently for singular and plural. The singular has an s ending, the plural does not:

Rule of education 2.
The pronoun "you" does not exist in English. Even children and animals are referred to as "You". Therefore, the verb with the word "you" cannot have the ending "s".

Education rule 3.
"I (I)" in English is used according to the rules of the PLURAL number, (i.e. without the ending S). This emphasizes an equally respectful attitude not only to the interlocutor, to whom they turn only to “You”, but also to oneself. A special attitude towards oneself can also be traced in the spelling "I (I)", it is always written with a capital letter - I.

Present simple for the verb like (Table 1)
to like - love something

I	like apples	I like apples
		Do you like apples	The word "you" does not exist in English.
He	likes apples	He loves apples	Singular, means ending S.
She	likes apples	She loves apples
It	likes apples	It loves apples
You	like apples	Do you like apples
We	like apples	We love apples
They	like apples	They love apples

Here is an example of the conjugation of another verb "love" in the present simple:

The verb " love" in Present simple, table 2
to love - to love someone

I	love Anna	I love Ann
He	loves Anna	He loves Ann
She	loves John	She loves John
It	loves Anna	It (the animal) loves Ann
You	love Anna	Do you love Ann
We	love Anna	We love Ann
They	love Anna	They love Ann

Education rule 4.
In the Present simple, all verbs are singular by adding the ending s. However, there are 3 verbs that fall outside of this rule. These are the verbs:

		have	- have
		be	- be
		do	- make

It is necessary to remember how these verbs are conjugated in the Present Simple.

The verb "have" in the present simple, table 3
to have - to have

I	have	I have
You	have	You have
He	has	He has
She	has	She has
It	has	It has
We	have	We have
They	have	They have

Present simple tense, verb "to do - do", table 4
do - to do

I	do	I do
He	does	He does
She	does	She does
It	does	It does
You	do	you do
We	do	We do
They	do	They make

Formation Present simple for the verb "to be" is different from other verbs. The form for "I-Z" in it does not match either the plural or the singular. The conjugation of this verb in the Present simple must be remembered.

Let's start a series of articles about the tenses of the English language from the simplest tense - Present Simple, present simple. Indeed, there should be no difficulties either with the construction of this time or with its use.

In some textbooks, you can see the name Present Indefinite. Don't be scared - it's exactly the same as Present Simple. Indefinite means indefinite, that is, without any features that need to be conveyed about the action in the sentence.

How is the Present Simple formed?

Let's start with how the Present Simple is formed. Here, from the very beginning, a slight difficulty lies in wait for you - present time Simple looks different for the verb to be (to be) and for all other verbs. Why exactly the verb “to be” is so honored - because it is the most common verb in the English language and therefore a lot will happen to it, not like everyone else, in a special way. But for now, let's start with everyone else.

Present Simple for all verbs except the verb to be

Present Simple is a really simple time, and not only by the standards of the English language, but also by the standards of other languages.
However, in order to appreciate how simple everything is arranged in English, let's take a step back and remember from school what verb conjugation is. In simple words, these are different forms for different actors. For example me look, you look, he looks, we we look, you see, they watching. It turns out that in Russian there are 6 different forms for each verb. in Italian, Spanish and French- also in 6 different forms. V German a little simpler - 4 forms. And now, attention - in English there are only 2 different forms!

So, for all persons and numbers, except for he / she / it (that is, for me, you, we, you and they) we take the form that is in the dictionary - see (I see, I see, I see, I see, I see), and for he/she/it we add -s (or –es): sees (sees). That's all - there are only two forms and they are formed simply elementarily. Isn't it much easier than Russian?

I see dead people. I see dead people. (Movie “The Sixth Sense”)
Moscow never sleeps. Moscow never sleeps. (Extremely affectionate musical composition, which, I hope, will not let you forget about -s in the third person singular)

Present Simple for the verb to be

Now a small fly in the ointment in this idyll. There is one verb that in Present Simple becomes completely different from its original form - this is the verb to be, to be.

Surely you remember from school how you memorized I - am, you - are, he / she / it - is, we - are, you - are, they - are. This is the verb to be in Present Simple. If you still do not know these forms, then you must learn them. If there are things that you can’t do without, and this is just one of them. However, am, are and is will appear in every second sentence - and it will be simply impossible not to remember them.

By the way, there are only 3 different conjugations for the verb to be: am, are, is. All the same, it is twice as simple as conjugations of Russian verbs. Ironically, in Russian, on the contrary, the verb “is” in the present tense will remain in the same form: “is”, no matter how you conjugate it.

One more note: the verb to be is very often used in the form of abbreviated forms when it merges with a noun into one word: I am = I'm, you are = you're, he is = he's. There is no difference between them, it's just easier and faster to pronounce them.

This is a table. This – table. (The phrase is the apotheosis of school English).
You're beautiful. You're beautiful. You're beautiful, it's true. You are beautiful, you are beautiful, you are beautiful and it's true. (James Blunt, song "You're beautiful").
I'm the king of the world. I am the king of the world (Movie "Titanic").

When is Present Simple tense used?

The use of tenses in English is a complex, multifaceted topic, and, of course, the use of Present Simple is not limited to these five cases. However, these five cases are quite suitable for the first idea of when and how the Present Simple is used.

1. General facts

The Present Simple should be used for general facts about life that are always true. Whether these are facts from physics and mathematics known to all mankind, or facts from personal experience, which no one knows except you - Present Simple is suitable for everyone.

Ice melts at 0 degrees. Ice melts at 0 degrees.
London is the capital of Great Britain. London - Capital of the UK. (Another hello from the Soviet school).
My name is Pasha, I'm from Russia. My name is Pasha, I'm from Russia.

2. Things and phenomena that are more or less constant

present simple- one of the basic tenses English grammar. It is impossible to do without it either in writing, or especially in oral speech. In many sources you can find a variety of ridiculous phrases that this is one of the simplest times in English. Where there! Time is very difficult both in education and in proper use. There are so many nuances and a lot of all sorts of “buts” ... However, without being too lazy and reading this post to the end, you will familiarize yourself with all the intricacies of using present simple. Good luck! You can also find in Present Simple.

The use of Present Simple.

present simple used to refer to or express:

Permanent characteristics of personality.

She speaks fluent Japanese. – She speaks Japanese fluently.

Fact

They live in Kongo. - They live in the Congo.

repetitive action

The Ivanovs go to Turkey every summer. The Ivanovs go to Turkey every summer.

Absolute truths or laws of nature

Snow melts at O degrees. - Snow melts at 0 degrees.

Special cases of using Present Simple instead of Present Continuous.

In announcements, expressions of consent

I declare our meeting open. I declare our meeting open.

To express a sequence of actions

Now watch: I take some potatoes, peel them and carefully cut them into pieces. “Look, I take a potato, peel it and carefully cut it into pieces.

To denote states, actions and processes expressed by verbs that do not have the Present Continuous form

Who does this truck belong to? Who owns this truck?

See more

Special cases of using Present Simple instead of Future Simple.

To indicate an action planned for the future (more often with verbs denoting movement, and if time is indicated)

I fly to Madrid next Friday. I am flying to Madrid next Friday.

In the appendage conditional sentences Type I after unions If, when, after, until, before, unless, provided, etc.

Get me know, if they come. Let me know if they come.

Special cases of using Present Simple instead of Past Simple.

In the headlines of periodicals

Little boy saves his mother! — Little boy saved his mother.

In descriptions for films, books, theatrical productions.

The main hero meets a young lady. They fall in love with each other. - Main character met a young girl. They fell in love with each other.

In colloquial speech, in order to more vividly and vividly convey the events that have occurred.

Yesterday I came home late. And there – who do you think I see? Mary! My sweetheart! I rush to her and kiss her! And - Yesterday I came home late - and who do you think I saw there? Mary! My dear!

In colloquial speech with the verbs be told, hear, forget.

I am told he got a driving license last week. I was told that he got his license last week.

I hear you are leaving for Rome. “I heard you are going to Rome.

Education Present Simple.

Present Simple in affirmative sentences.

In affirmative sentences form present simple coincides with the stem of the verb in all persons, except for the 3rd person singular, where the ending -s \ es is added. Read more about the rules for adding an ending here.

Present Simple in negative sentences.

Negative sentences formed according to the scheme

do not (don't) + verb stem

does not (doesn't) + verb stem (for 3rd person singular)

Present Simple in interrogative sentences.

Interrogative sentences formed according to the scheme

Do + S (subject) + verb stem

Does + S (subject) + verb stem

I suggest you practice using

Present Simple Tense (Present Simple Tense) denotes a common action that takes place every day in the present. Present (present) indicates that the action is taking place in the present tense. The Simple aspect says that this very action is regular, ordinary, repetitive. To understand how this tense form is formed when used, rules and examples will help.

English sentences

The following components are required to form sentences in English:

subject
predicate
minor members

Word order in English sentence strictly fixed. In an affirmative sentence, the word order is direct: subject-predicate-secondary members.

affirmative sentences

The Present Simple Tense sentence is formed quite simply. In the first place is the subject, which can be expressed by a noun or a pronoun. In second place is the predicate expressed by the verb without particle "to".

I always get up early in the morning - I always get up early in the morning.

In this sentence, the predicate "get up" is in the 1st person, singular, and is used without the particle "to" and any endings. The same rule applies to other persons, both in the singular and in the plural, except for the 3rd person singular. If the subject in the sentence is expressed by the pronouns "He / She / It" or a singular noun, then the verb-predicate has an ending -s/-es.

My mother go es shopping every day - My mother goes shopping every day.
He brush es his teeth every morning - He brushes his teeth every day.

endings

Ending –es appears on verbs that end in -o, -s, -sh, -ch, -tch, -x, -z:

Negative sentences

In negative sentences in Present Simple Tense, an assistant appears - an auxiliary verb do/does, to which the negative particle is attached not (not).

We do not go to the seaside in the evening - We do not go to the seaside in the evening.

Here again, the “outcasts” are the pronouns “He / She / It” or nouns in the singular. They are followed by an auxiliary verb does (do + es = does), which “pulls” the ending of the verb-predicate onto itself -s/-es.

The particle not is placed between the auxiliary and the main verb.

He does not know her name - He does not know her name.

Interrogative sentences

Again, the auxiliary verb comes to the aid of the main verb does for "He/She/It" and do - in all other cases. In addition, there is another significant nuance. In affirmative and negative sentences in English, direct word order is used. In interrogative - the opposite.

This means that in the first place is the auxiliary verb, in the second place are the subjects, in the third place is the main verb without an ending, in the fourth place are the rest of the sentence.

Do you like candies? - Do you like sweets?
Does your sister go to school? – Does your sister go to school?

A subject question does not require an auxiliary verb. It retains the direct word order of English affirmative sentences ( Who knows her name? - Who knows her name?).

verb to be

Separate from all verbs is to be- to be, is. It has the following features:

It is the only verb in English that changes for persons and numbers. Singular: I am (I am), you are (you are), he is (he is), she is (she is), it is (it is). Plural: we are (we are), you are (you are), they are (they are).

I am teacher - I am a teacher.
He is a clever man - He is a smart man.

This is the only verb that does not use an auxiliary verb in negative and interrogative sentences. When negated, the particle not is attached directly to it. In questions, it comes first before the subject.

We are not travelers - We are not travelers.
Is she a good doctor? Is she a good doctor?

What have we learned?

So, Present Simple (Simple Present Tense) denotes an action that takes place in the present tense and is ordinary, regular, repeated from time to time.

The predicate expressed by the verb in the Present Simple tense almost always coincides with its own initial form without the to particle.

The exception is verbs in the third person singular: they are joined by the endings -s or -es. In affirmative and negative sentences, direct word order applies. The question is the opposite. In negative and interrogative sentences, the auxiliary do/does comes to the aid of the main verb.