When decorating a living space, you can use a variety of materials, but traditionally wood is used for these purposes. To date artistic processing is carried out using a huge number of techniques, but perhaps the most spectacular results are obtained when using slotted woodcarving.
The technology cannot be called complicated, but the resulting products amaze with their beauty and grace. We will discuss this technique in more detail later.
What is carving?
Through drilling and cutting through any background are the essence of openwork cutting. Upon completion of the work, light and airy patterns are obtained. There are through and overhead thread options. The first option creates the desired effect in the light, the second involves applying it to some kind of background (base).
To make through cutting through wood, drills, special chisels, and saws are used. The best tool would be electric jigsaw, which allows you to quickly and easily perform almost any drawing.
The work process itself assumes the presence of pre-prepared drawings for slotted threads. Therefore, we will briefly consider some of the steps that are important to go through at the preliminary stage.
Preparatory stage
For first-time carvers, it makes sense to focus on theory. Printed publications, needlework sites will provide comprehensive information about the method of decoration in question.
After studying the technology, it is worth preparing the tools, if necessary, purchase them in the store. In addition to a jigsaw, chisels may be needed different sizes, drill and drill bits, cutters, expendable materials for grinding, etc.
Another important milestone at this stage will be the choice of patterns and sketches for the future decoration. You can try to make the latter yourself or find suitable ones on the net, since there are plenty of specialized sites on this topic. Printing in the right scale will complete the preliminary stage.
Wood
The main requirements for the material are its dryness and quality. There are many blanks in specialized stores dedicated to handmade. Suitable wood can be found in hardware stores and sawmills.
In addition, you can make a good profit at furniture enterprises, where there is always a large number of unnecessary cuts. Another possible variant- crates and pallets, used.
The quality of work depends not only on the master, but also on the type and type of wood. Each has unique properties, which is important in the presence of specific creative goals. Let's take a quick look at some material options.
Pine is the most accessible and inexpensive breed. However, it only works in rare cases. There are several reasons: resinousness, different density of layers, a noticeable texture that interferes with the creation of a small pattern.
Aspen is considered soft material and not suitable for a beginner. It is easy to cut, the wood is wrinkled and requires a lot of experience to work with it.
Birch and linden have an excellent structure, have the right density, which makes it possible to realize even the most daring sketches of slotted carving.
Plum is excellent due to its pliability in processing, at the same time it has the right hardness. Small drawings and women's jewelry made of plum will become an excellent product in the hands of the master. Beginners should also try themselves on this material.
In order to avoid subsequent cracking and curvature of the slotted product, it is important to remember that the material is dry. Random drying in a warm and well-ventilated room is the best way. The boards are placed on the end and on the dies to provide air access to all sides.
creative process
Woodwork begins with the transfer of the drawing to the workpiece. For this, all the templates were prepared at the preliminary stage. When the drawing is applied to the part, the stage of drilling holes next to the drawn lines begins.
The drill should be of such a diameter that a jigsaw file can easily pass into the resulting hole. Where it is not possible to make cuts with a jigsaw (too small a pattern and sharp bends), a narrow hacksaw blade is used.
Experienced craftsmen advise using saws with fine teeth, otherwise the edges of the slots will have a torn contour and the product will lose its aesthetics. It is desirable to drill with pen drills, having prepared a thin hole in advance.
From torn edges with slotted carving on plywood, gluing helps thick paper with reverse side blanks. For beginners, it is better to try simple patterns with large details and a minimum number of corners.
Finishing
Refinement of the product is performed to obtain smooth and clean edges. Chisels are used, a sharp knife is useful in hard-to-reach areas.
Cleaning is done with sandpaper, needle file or abrasive wheel. The finished product is polished on both sides to obtain the proper appearance.
Looking at the photo of the slotted thread, it becomes clear that the resulting patterns are excellent. decorative element for furniture, window platbands, cornices. The elegance of the product makes it possible to create excellent women's jewelry, decorate screens and much more.
Photo slotted thread
Contour woodcarving, being a variety geometric carving, requires some experience. Without habit, it is difficult to cut absolutely straight lines without nicks and chips. Not very complex technique is combined with maximum detail, resulting in beautiful carvings.
An example of contour woodcarving
Wood carving is cutting and trimming wooden material. As a result, finished contour drawings come out from under the cutter's knife. The outlines of objects, landscape compositions, flower collages are embodied mainly in wooden panels.
How is the process of working with wood carried out? How do you get beautiful pictures? All work on a piece of wood, which later becomes a work of art, can be divided into stages:
- First choose an image.
- The drawing is translated into .
- They make it from a stencil.
- Wood carving is being done.
- The finished panel is sanded, sanded, varnished.
Wood carving requires special skill, the sketches of which involve the implementation of a complex pattern.
A selection of sketches for contour woodcarving Each line drawn should be straight and clear. For drawings in a particular case, the master himself decides how deep the lines should be cut. The expressiveness of the image on the tree depends on this.
Caskets, crosses and other products are made using the contour wood carving technique, where it is necessary to reproduce the outlines of flowers, animals, people. Work is carried out both on natural wood, and on tinted, as well as on plywood.
Work technique
Wood carving techniques are divided into cutting lines and curls. The lines are first cut, then cut. In this case, a special sharp knife is used - a jamb. The blade of the knife should be located at a slight inclination from a vertical position. In this way, incision is made.
Example of contour carving technique Then the slope is done in the opposite direction. The cut part of the tree is cut. When cutting contour grooves, the jamb is clamped in a fist, the movement of the blade is directed with the other hand. In the process of pruning, it is important that even strips of wood come out from under the knife. If sawdust, uneven stripes are obtained, there will be no beautiful lines.
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Woodcarving for the purpose of cutting curls and rounded lines involves the use of various chisels. But experienced craftsmen able to cut sinuous contour patterns with just one jamb.
The technique of cutting curls, small circles is as follows.
Slotted wood carving technique The chisel is held in a fist, making a slight inclination towards the center of the circle. The blade is deepened into the wood by several centimeters, after which the plank is turned in a circle along the axis. Then do the cutting. It also rotates along the axis with cutting off a cut piece of wood. Further, the radius is increased if necessary.
For woodcarving, flat and rounded chisels are used. An experienced craftsman, knowing the purpose of each, can cut out the most intricate pattern. The pinnacle of craftsmanship is contour carving with a pillow. The resulting pattern in the center looks like it is raised above the rest of it. In reality, only the depth of the grooves differs. In the center, it can be made larger, along the edges - smaller.
Wooden patterns on plywood
Plywood carving is somewhat different from wood carving. Working with the material involves the implementation of several techniques. These include:
- performing contour cutting;
- carving;
- openwork carving;
- combined thread.
According to the sawing method, contour images of animals, figures of people, flowers are cut out. The result is a convex image on a flat background. Contour carving involves cutting out a complex pattern by cutting and trimming. The result is a embossed exquisite pattern.
Openwork carving involves cutting through the details of the pattern. The pattern performed in this technique is the most laborious and beautiful. The product resembles an airy lace. Combined contour carving combines 2 or more techniques at once.
The process of making slotted threads Most often used simultaneously for its manufacture openwork carving and contour sawing techniques, contour carving and sawing. Plywood carving, although a more laborious task, is easier to perform. It's all about the material. Hardwood is more difficult to process than plywood samples.
Plywood carving technique
Before starting work, a workpiece is made, it is polished, crumbled, if necessary, in dark tone nitro paint. Allow the workpiece to dry and paint over again. A drawing or sketch is applied to the finished sample using ink, gouache. Sometimes stencils are used instead. All curves of the picture are drawn according to the prepared form.
All photos from the article
Once wooden houses again began to come into fashion, and the tendency to decorate their facades with all sorts of patterns and ornaments was revived. has been used by people for many centuries and today, thanks to many technological innovations, it is becoming available to an increasing number of homeowners. Next, we will consider the main types of this direction and the nuances of wood processing with our own hands.
Varieties
It is worth noting that carved ornaments can decorate in general any product made of wood, whether it be a box, a cornice, an arbor or a facade of a residential building. So, if you want to experiment, then it is not necessary to build a wooden building for this, for the first time it will be enough, for example, a stair railing or the door of an old bedside table.
through thread
This is a very common method of creating patterns, which is most often used in the process of decorating houses. It implies the complete end-to-end removal of some elements wooden surface. If earlier all the necessary work was carried out for the most part with chisels and chisels, now the task is performed mainly with a jigsaw.
blind thread
When implementing this method of applying patterns, the cutters do not pass through the wooden canvas, which is most conveniently done with a cutter.
In turn, blind threads are also divided into several types:
- Flat rimmed. In this case, there is a background plane, and the ornament goes deep into it. Subspecies:
| thread name | Description |
| contour | The simplest execution instruction, which consists only in cutting an even groove along the contour of the pattern, which does not change its size. |
| bracketed | Here, the main element is no longer a groove, but a semicircular notch created by a chisel in two approaches. It is from such peculiar brackets that the ornament is created. |
| Geometric | In this case, there are two fragments: a trihedral pyramid buried inside the canvas and a peg. First, the area to be processed is outlined, and then everything superfluous is cut off according to the intended figure. |
| Chernoglakovaya | Unlike the first option, here the primary plane is pre-coated with black varnish, and only then the grooves are removed, which results in a stunning play of light and shadow. |
- Embossed. Here fragments of the ornament are either on the same level with the background, or even above it. The method itself is similar to contour carving, but during its implementation, the edges of the grooves change their outlines, fitting into the general idea.
- Flat-relief. A very common way to decorate a wood surface in architecture and applied arts. It consists in the fact that a part of the material is removed with a depression of several millimeters and at different angles. The result is a voluminous composition.
sculptural carving
It goes without saying that the creation of wooden sculptures from wood is the most difficult type of its processing. But on the other hand, with such works of art, you can safely decorate not only the house, but also any place in the summer cottage.
Tip: after applying patterns to a tree, be sure to treat it with antiseptics, especially when it comes to external work. This will greatly extend the life of your masterpiece.
If you decide to decorate your own house or gazebo, then all of the above methods of applying patterns in combination can be used. But if you have touched on the implementation of such a task for the first time, then it is better to dwell on the simplest options.
First of all, it is worth considering patterns for wood carving for beginners:
Choice of wood
When choosing suitable material attention should be paid to the following factors:
- texture features. So if you want to create a complex ornament with a semantic load, then it is better to take a bar with a slightly pronounced woody pattern. And if you prefer only to emphasize the natural beauty of the tree with your pattern, then opt for a clearly defined texture.
- Try to place the pattern itself along the fibers. This will make it easier to apply.
- Pay attention to damage to wood by rotting processes or other diseases. Discard such samples immediately.
- It is also worth weeding out products with such defects as knots and pockets with tree sap.
Purpose
In the case of home decoration, remember the main functions performed by wooden patterns:
- Appearance decoration. This is the main purpose. It is noteworthy that in ancient times, many ornaments had a specific mystical meaning and served as amulets.
- Protection from direct sunlight. A visor with a through thread will do an excellent job of scattering light.
- Protecting dangerous places. Balcony or stair railings can become much more attractive thanks to this finish.
Training
Once you have chosen a suitable block or board and decided on the method of carving, prepare the place for work. You may need a vise or clamps, a pencil, a jigsaw, a chisel, and a router.
Next, draw a sketch of your drawing with a pencil on a wooden canvas. Securely fix it and start working. Be extremely careful in the process of applying the pattern, as the slightest miscalculation can ruin the entire workpiece.
At the end of the work, cover the resulting ornament with varnish and install it in the place where it will be. As a result, you will receive an original product that is made with your own hands. Even if the masterpiece does not work out for the first time, do not despair, a little practice, and your craft will become a real decoration of your home.
Conclusion
Patterns used to decorate wooden buildings hundreds of years ago are back in trend and gaining popularity. With their help, you can not only revive the same type of grayness of a classic facade, but also make it absolutely original, one that no one else had before.
A little fantasy right choice application method, the acquisition of a suitable blank, patience and care - the most important thing that you need to successfully complete your plan.
Patterns can not only decorate your home, but express your thoughts, create a kind of visiting card for guests and just passers-by.
Artistic wood carving always looks very impressive. Most people do not even know how such products can be implemented. It seems that this requires great physical strength, and in addition, artistic taste and education. However, cutting a beautiful ornament is not as difficult as it seems, you just need to learn a little technique and, as they say, fill your hand. We will show popular drawings for learning wood carving techniques, which will be useful for beginners and masters!
It's not a secret for anyone that for manual creative work it is necessary not only to master the skills of this art, but also to have inspiration, desire and, of course, time. In order for all these parameters to come together, drawings can help the master to study simple woodcarving. For the birth of an idea, not only drawings help, but also photographs of the work of other craftsmen.
There are sketches for various kinds woodcarving, and here you can find a suitable sketch for yourself for free.
Parsing drawings for woodcarving: sketches for geometry
For beginners, drawings for geometric carving are well suited. This is an easy and effective type of wood carving. To do this, you just need to determine for yourself which sections are convex and which are concave, in which case the correct picture will come out on the tree.
Boards in geometric and flat-relief technique.
Stencil.
Stencils can be changed - for example, reduce the number of elements, or, on the contrary, add details for a more interesting result.
Stencils for slotted carving.Artistic carving is also of other types. One of the simple cutting techniques with the right tool, such as a router, is a slotted thread. It is also called openwork because the finished product, made accurately and accurately, looks like lace. It has no background - it is cut out of the pattern. Hence the name. To practice this type of wood carving, you need to have a firm hand and cut clearly along the contour of the stencil. A fabric or foil of a contrasting color is placed under a product made using this technique with a milling cutter or jigsaw. The photo shows examples of finished work, as well as sketches suitable for this technique.
Contour carving is different in that a contour drawing is cut out on a tree. In this technique, you can make a lot of different paintings; it is not necessary to take a ready-made stencil for carving for it. For the decor of the nursery, you can circle the coloring and use it as a sketch. Also, if you do not know how to draw, you can take any pencil sketch and transfer it to the tree. In this technique, images of animals, birds, as well as landscapes and still lifes are well obtained. The images clearly show examples of what can be carved on wood using this technique.
Black-lacquer carving is a kind of contour carving, where painted wood a light outline is cut out.
Examples and stencils for flat-relief woodcarving.This view differs in that the drawing is above the background. In this case, the pattern has the same height. The background is textured, and it is smooth. The edges of the cut pattern, as a rule, are ovalized, that is, they are carefully sanded so that they are smooth, as if oval. This technique requires a little more skill than others, but the products made in this way look amazing. The photo shows examples and sketches for carving in this style.
Drawings for caskets can be distinguished as a special kind. They can be made in various techniques: slotted carving, laying a base of fabric, foil or noble woods under the pattern suitable color; flat notched thread, which includes geometric and contour, or another subspecies. It differs in that recesses are made to the same depth in a flat background. In the case of the geometric technique, the recesses are usually in the form of triangles or quadrilaterals. In addition, there is also bracketed carving, which is also a kind of flat notched carving and is well suited for decorating caskets. In the images you can see boxes made in various styles.
Geometric wood carving consists of different elements that have a geometric shape, and is performed with one cutter. maybe: lines, squares, trihedral and tetrahedral recesses, etc. This technique will even allow you to make carved works of such shapes - leaves, flowers, berries, ears of corn. If you develop the skill, then it will go into the form of contour carving.
Original jewelry box made with geometric carvings
You can search the internet or come up with your own. Geometric cutting is quite simple to perform, this will require: a cutter, a pair of semicircular chisels. Geometric carving lessons will show you how to play with chiaroscuro and unusual patterns. It is especially beautiful in different triangles, nail-like cutting and trihedral-notched shape. Such cutting allows a polished and matte finish.
For triangular-notched carving, you only need a joint knife, it has a beveled blade. In addition, the following tools are needed:
- chisel flat, 2 cm wide;
- the chisel is semicircular;
- hacksaw;
- files: round, square, semicircular;
- ruler;
- simple pencil;
- compass;
- eraser.
Elements and patterns for geometric woodcarving Cutting technology is simple, but each component plays a role in the work.
Wood
wood happens the following types: hard, very hard and soft. For beginners, it is better to use soft wood, it is easier to work with (linden, pine or aspen).
Linden is more difficult to get than other types, as it is often used by professionals. Pine has a drawback - it pricks when cutting.
Aspen a good option for work. There are many visual photos of what kind of tree should be, and what the longitudinal fibers look like, along which you need to work.
Preparation for work
For the first lesson, you need a board measuring 170 by 110 mm and 2 cm thick. Sketches for this work will be given below. The surface of the board must be sanded with sandpaper. Now, using a ruler and a simple pencil, draw the entire surface of the tree in 5 cm cells.
Patterns for woodcarving Then we draw all the figures, as shown in the figure below. In total, 7 figures turned out: pegs, rhombuses, a viteika, a pyramid, stars, squares and a rosette. From these figures, you can then add new patterns. A photograph showing which compositions can be made up of the same elements, how the composition looks after processing and painting wood.
Pegs - the first figure
In a triangular notched thread, the whole process consists of two operations - tattooing and trimming. These are simple movements that are easy to do in practice. We take the knife in our hand, the thumb rests on the beveled part of the handle.
Press down on the cutter in a vertical position so that it goes a few mm deeper, then lower the blade at an angle to cross the line of the side knife according to the markup. In the same way, a prick is made on the left side of the triangle. 
Cutting requires:
- attach the cutting part of the knife to the left side of the triangle, so it will connect to the top with its bevel;
- we take the handle of the knife back, observing the parallel between the right side of the pattern and the cutting blade (this movement is done with the hand, as if we were pulling a bow);
- we press on the knife, returning to the first position of the brush; so the nose of the knife is on top, and the cutting part is on right side triangle.
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Wood carving styles
The trimmed triangle will break off in the end, hence the name - "peg". This movement is called "shot". When doing it, try to keep the angle at 45 degrees. Drawing comes out simple with this shape, but it's the foundation of geometry.
Security measures
All movements should go from the wrist, this simplifies the work and relieves the burden on the shoulder. 
The working hand (which contains the cutter) is pressed tightly against the working table to free the movements of the brush. When holding the workpiece with your free hand, it is necessary to monitor the location of the fingers so that they are not on the working part when the cutting process is in progress.
Rhombic - the second figure
Ornaments for geometric carving are made up of simple details, such as pegs and diamonds. A rhombus consists of two triangles connected by their bases.
The technology is the same, but first you need to cut top row, and then rotate the board and make the bottom one.
Viteika - the third figure
It consists in mastering the basic techniques of carving and basic shapes. Viteika is the same kind of peg. They are simply offset to the side in relation to each other.
Figures for geometric carving The result is a winding path. To do this, you need to cut and chop the lower triangles, and turning the board - the upper ones. So we will see that the "snake" remains in the middle.
Pyramid - the fourth figurine
The first patterns were the simplest. And you can easily deal with them. The next ones will be harder to perform, as they consist of several triangles and are arranged in a certain order in relation to each other.
So the pyramid consists of three triangles, it has a point of contact in the center of all corners. Therefore, when cutting this figure, each element, when pricked, comes into contact with the same point several times. Most importantly, pruning is performed in the direction of the wood layer. 
If you cut across, you get unwanted chips that will spoil the patterns.
Asterisk - the fifth figure
Ornaments of geometric cutting can be varied, but mostly consist of the same elements that are put together. Also with the figure of an asterisk. It consists of four pyramids, and this figure will not be difficult to make. You just need to sequentially cut four pyramids one after the other.
Squares - the sixth figure
This element is clearly different from all the others. There are no triangles in it, and it is cut out in a completely different way than all the figures. This cutting method is called straw. Many sketches include precisely squares. They can be both the border of the work, the frame, and part of the main elements of the picture.
This figure is cut in this way:
- we retreat from the markup by 1 mm to the right, holding the knife at an angle of 45 degrees, deepen it by 2 or 3 mm and cut along the line to the end;
- on the left side of the strip we do everything the same;
- we make a puncture at the end and beginning of the strip, while the knife is directed vertically.
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