Dunno options exam Russian. Online Gia tests in Russian

20.10.2019

Answer: scatter scare

Answer: ___ 123______

14 _

Task 25 of part 2 is an essay based on the read text. This task is performed on the answer sheet No. 2.

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Part 1

1 Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) Real discoveries in historical linguistics concerning the past language are possible when it is possible to combine the painstaking search for facts and the courage of thinking.

2) Quite often, judgments about the past of a language allow us to restore a whole world that has long been lost in the past.

3) Only a painstaking search for facts and the courage of thinking of linguists allow us to make real discoveries in the field of the past language.

4) Only the courage of thinking allows linguists to restore knowledge about the past of the language bit by bit, to make real discoveries in historical linguistics.

5) Judgments about the past of the language, which are conjectural in nature, can be confirmed if you painstakingly and purposefully collect historical facts.

2 Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap inthird (3) sentencetext? Write down this word (combination of words).

But

For example,

However

Exactly

Answer : _________________________

3 Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word LANGUAGE. Determine the meaning in which this word is usedin the first (1) sentence ttext. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry. LANGUAGE, -a, pl. -i, -ov, m.

1) unit A set of means of expression in verbal creativity based on a nationwide sound, vocabulary and grammatical system.I. Pushkin. I. writers. I. fiction.

2) The historically established system of sound vocabulary and grammatical means, which is a tool for communication, exchange of thoughts and mutual understanding of people in society.Great Russian me. Slavic languages. Literary me.

3) units Speech, the ability to speak.Lose your tongue. The patient lies without a tongue and without movement.

4) trans. A prisoner captured to obtain the necessary information (colloquial).Take, bring language.

5) A system of signs (sounds, signals) that convey information.I. animals. I. gestures.

Answer : _________________________

4 In one of the words below, a mistake was made in the statement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.

bleeding

having given

handrails

clogged

utterly

Answer : _________________________

5 In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.

One of the speakers was Alexander Andreevich Kolli, professor of ORGANIC chemistry.

People asked controllers how to FILL in the form correctly.

Styopka developed a particularly TRUSTING relationship with her great-grandfather.

After hesitating, the commander said nothing about the REAL motives of his stubbornness.

Of course, it is important for Boris Sergeevich to know that an EXPERIENCED owner of the estate has appeared here.

Answer : _________________________

6 In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the form of the word. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

kilogram of TANGARINES

THREE Hundreds of residents

soaked through

foreign PASSPORTS

LIE ON SIDE

Answer : _________________________

7 Match between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are allowed: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

A. violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate

B. violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application

B. error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members

D. incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech

D. violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover

SUGGESTIONS

Everyone who watched the new film of the famous director expressed very contradictory opinions.
You can read about the life and work of the artist, about his ruined talent in the story of K. Paustovsky "Orest Kiprensky".
Climbing hardens not only physically, but also brings up a sense of mutual assistance.
Those who have never admired the majestic panorama of the capital from the top of the Ivan the Great Bell Tower have no idea about Moscow.
In the poem "The Poet" by M. Yu. Lermontov, the crisis of modern poetry is allegorically depicted, explained by social apathy.
Language is not only the best indicator of general culture, but also the best educator of a person.
V. G. Belinsky wrote about 20 articles and reviews specifically dedicated to the work of N. V. Gogol.
Russian surgeon and anatomist N. I. Pirogov bequeathed to us that you study, read, reflect and extract the most useful from everything.
A visitor (probably a tourist) asked a passer-by if there was a post office near the station.

Write in the table the selected numbers under the corresponding letters.

Answer :
Answer :

8 Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

cover..removal

t..theoretically

popl..wok

extended

l..gendarny

Answer : _________________________

9 Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write these words out with the missing letter.

ex..increase, ex..maritime

to..write, o..rattled (fights)

in..give, nor..reject

under..dark, in..southern

time..play, inter..university

Answer : _________________________

10 Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.

fool ... vy

accumulate... accumulate

suffered ... in

protal...nk

extra pay ... wai

Answer : _________________________

11 Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

headed...my

shot...sh

rusted...lo

sealed

sown

Answer : _________________________

12 Define a sentence that NOT spelled with the word ONE . Open the brackets and write out this word.

A (NOT) SUFFERING soul will never be able to comprehend happiness.

Sofya Pavlovna is (NOT) SO to blame for what happened to us, as it seems.

Choose a friend (NOT) HURRY, even less rush to change him.

The fungus is (NOT) HIGH, but strong.

It is already the end of September, and the fields are still (NOT) mowed, the grain begins to fall from the ears.

Answer : _________________________

13 Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are written ONE . Open the brackets and write out these two words.

Ivan rarely appeared in the district center, (FOR) THAT he left for the city at every opportunity and (B) FOR several hours he disappeared there, forgetting about the service.

(WHY) I recognized her: by the look, by the outline of her hands - I don’t know, but I recognized her, and (FOR) THIS my heart began to beat furiously.

Timidly and hoping that SOMEONE (THAT) would want to receive uninvited guests, we knocked on the door, but the owners accepted us (IN) OWN.

And (SO), the youngest son SO (SAME) loved books, like everyone in our family.

The experiment was carried out successfully, AND (WHAT) for the first time, (FOR) THIS everyone was very pleased.

Answer : _________________________

14 Indicate all the numbers in the place of which it is written NN .

The well-groomed (1) apartment, furnished with (2) old (3) furniture, resembled a manor house, from once forever established (4) orders and customs, in which each thing has its place, and time is a matter.

Answer : _________________________

15 Put punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of offers in which you want to put ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The forest rustled now lullingly and melodiously, then impetuously and anxiously.

2) In the XII century, painters painted pictures with paints or ink on silk or paper scrolls.

3) Suddenly the door on the block squealed and the floor shook from someone's steps.

4) Neither on the water nor on the ground nor in the air does a real tourist feel confused.

5) Wild berries are best picked in the morning or evening, and every good berry grower should know this.

Answer : _________________________

16 Put all the punctuation marks:

Climbing (1) onto the wide father's bed (2) and (3) burying (4) his chin on his father's shoulder (5) Vanyatka (6) excited (7) by the events of the evening (8) could not sleep for a long time.

Answer : _________________________

17 Put punctuation marks:indicate the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

All my life I have loved and love mental work and physical and (1) perhaps (2) even more than the second. And (3) especially (4) felt satisfied when he introduced some good guess into the latter, that is, he connected his head with his hands.

Answer : _________________________

18 Put punctuation marks:indicate the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

And everything (1) that is seen (2) and heard (3) that lives (4) and that blooms calls you to itself.

Answer : _________________________

19 Put punctuation marks:indicate the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

It turned out (1) that the manuscript had not yet been finally edited (2) and that (3) until additional work was done (4) it was impossible to hand it over to the printing house.

Answer : _________________________

(1) When I entered the new empty apartment, the only one who met me was an old snow-covered poplar outside the window, he was left from the village estate that was on this place, and now, looking into the second floor, he seemed to say to me: “Hello ”, - and from its white beautiful branches light poured into the room, pure, immaculate, incorruptible. (2) Then spring came, and one morning, after a warm night rain, something green, smoky, indefinite looked in the window.

(3) Every spring the same thing is repeated, and each time it is like a miracle, a miracle of renewal, and one cannot get used to it. (4) I stood and looked for a long time and could not get enough of it. (5) Now, it was as if someone living had settled outside the window, making noise and suddenly falling silent, and during the wind softly and meekly tapping on the window.

(6) He lived with all his leaves, thousands of thousands of leaves, exposing them to the sun, moon, wind, rain. (7) He enjoyed life with might and main, every minute, every second of his life. (8) And I, thinking about my life, would like to learn from him this constant joy in the wild under heaven.

(9) Birds flew on its branches, they whistled, sang their short city songs, maybe the poplar told them about me, and they looked out the window and grinned.

(10) What a long wonderful summer it was in that first year of life in a new room, with a living poplar at the very window, what endless sunsets, and bright nights, and light dreams! (11) Only sometimes I suddenly dreamed that for some reason I had lost a new room and again I live in an old, dark and fumes, with a bare electric light bulb on a long cord. (12) But I woke up, and the poplar looked into the room with clean, fresh walls, and the predawn green noise merged with the feeling of a happy awakening. (13) Then autumn came, the leaves turned yellow, and the room became quiet, sad.

(14) Autumn showers and storms began, at night the poplar creaked, moaned, beat its branches against the wall, as if asking for protection from the weather. (15) Gradually, the leaves flew around from its upper branches, and then from the lower ones. (16) The leaves flowed in streams, covering the balcony, and some stuck to the glass and looked in horror into the room, waiting for something.

(17) And now not a single leaf was left on the poplar, it stood naked, black, as if burned, and against the background of the blue sky, every black twig, every vein was visible, it was solemnly quiet and sad in nature, the unheated sun shone in summer. (18) And, as always, childhood was remembered and thought: who are you? (19) What is the meaning of life? (20) Then it was spring again, and everything was all over again, and life seemed endless.

(21) But one morning I heard a sound under the window, as if my poplar was squealing. (22) I rushed to the window. (23) Below were scrapers and road rollers that were breaking through a new street, and a worker electric saw a poplar stood in the middle of the road.

(24) And from above, I saw how a shiver passed through his entire green body, he staggered, thought for a moment and collapsed onto a new street, blocking it in its entire width with noisy green landslide foliage.

(25) And the red-brick, boring, bare wall of the house on the other side of the street opened up to me, and since then I have only seen it and a piece of the sky.

(26) I often remember my poplar. (27) And it still seems that he has not disappeared from the earth, but is growing somewhere in the forest, in the clearing, making noise with all the leaves.

(According to B. Yampolsky *)

* Boris Samoilovich Yampolsky (1912-1972), Russian writer.

20 Which of the statementsdo not matchthe content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.

1) Driving into a new empty apartment, the narrator saw an old poplar tree in the window.

2) Looking at the poplar, the hero recalled his childhood and looked for answers to the questions: who are you? What is the sense of life?

3) The poplar is still growing near the narrator's house.

4) Every spring, leaves bloomed on the poplar. And the narrator calls this process the miracle of renewal.

5) The hero does not regret at all that the old poplar was cut down, because it could fall and damage the house or injure a person.

21 Which of the following statements is erroneous? Specify the answer numbers.

1) Sentences 1-2 contain a narrative element.

2) Sentence 17 provides a description.

3) Sentences 21-22 contain narration.

4) Proposition 12 presents an argument.

5) Proposition 2 contains an argument.

Answer: ___________________________

22 From sentence 15 write out antonyms.

Answer: ___________________________

23 Among sentences 14-17, find one that is connected with the previous one usingpossessive pronoun and word forms. Write the number of this offer.

Answer: ___________________________

Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while doing tasks 20-23.

This fragment examines the language features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Fill in the gaps (A, B, C, D) with the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write in the table under each letter the corresponding number.

Write the sequence of numbers in the ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number 24, starting from the first cell, without spaces, commas and other additional characters.

Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form.

24 “Remembering the poplar that once grew under the window, B. Yampolsky uses such paths as(BUT) ___________ (“lived by thousands of thousands of leaves” in sentence 6),(B) ______________ ("the poplar told them about me" in sentence 9). Such an approach as(AT) _________________ (in sentence 27), conveys the feelings of the author. And a trope like(G) _____________________(For example, " beautiful branches" in sentence 1), enhances the figurativeness of the text".

List of terms

1) rows of homogeneous members

2) impersonation

3) comparative turnover

4) hyperbole

5) parceling

6) opposition

7) dialectism

8) rhetorical question

State one of the problems provided by the author of the text.

Comment on the formulated problem. Include in the comment two illustration examples from the read text that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid over-quoting).

Formulate the position of the author (narrator). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the read text. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on the reader's experience, as well as on knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

A work written without relying on the text read (not on this text) is not evaluated. If the essay is a paraphrase or a complete rewrite of the source text without any comments, then such work is rated 0 points.

PROMOK

A B C D E

4 2 3 8 7

FLOAT

REPUTIBLE

endured

GET SHOT

LOW

WHY

1234

UPPER LOWER

or UPPERBOTTOM

or UPPER BOTTOM

4269

Text Information

Main problems
Loneliness problem. (What helps a person cope with feelings of loneliness?)	Nature helps a person to get rid of the feeling of loneliness, to feel the joy of life.
2. The problem of man's relationship to nature. (How is the poplar outside the window perceived by the hero of the story? Why did the poplar outside the window become “his poplar” for the hero?)	2. In a city where a person can more acutely feel his isolation from nature, the trees near the house are often perceived as part of the living world of nature, understanding a person and sympathizing with him, instilling in him the joy of life.
3. The problem of the relationship between man and nature c. (How is the life of an urban person connected with the life of nature?)	3. A person living in a city feels especially keenly his connection with nature, the beauty of which helps to perceive the world around him more vividly.
4. The problem of nature conservation. (Why does the death of a tree cause deep feelings in the human soul?)	4. It is very important to preserve the natural urban landscape, because in the soul of a person there always lives a feeling of a deep relationship with the surrounding nature, the beauty of which gives rise to a thirst for life, a sense of beauty, a desire to preserve beauty.

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The solution of the USE 2018 online test in Russian introduces students to the tasks of this USE and helps to master the necessary skills for solving KIM tasks. Teachers can use online testing for free in the classroom to train and control students. The training version of the Unified State Examination in the Russian language corresponds to the demo version of 2018.

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USE options in the Russian language

In order to easily prepare for exams and correctly complete the exam paper for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language, the "Options" section included:

In Russian.
and by what task 27 - essay will be checked.
A complete list of topics that will be encountered in the exam this year is indicated in the assignments.
A collection of 10 practice tests online with answers and solutions and downloadable in PDF format.

The USE tests in the Russian language 2019 consist of two parts:

Part 1 contains 26 tasks with a short answer. The answer to the tasks is given in the form of a number or a word, written without spaces, commas and other additional characters.
Part 2 contains 1 open-ended task with a detailed answer (composition), which tests the ability to create your own statement based on the text you read.

Converting points to grades:

"Two" - from 0 to 35 points;
Troika - 36-57;
"Four" - 58-71;
"Excellent" - 72 and above.

Minimum the number of points for admission to the university - 36.
Maximum primary score - 58.
Duration exam - 210 minutes (3.5 hours).
Maximum amount essay points– 24. details how many points are given for each criterion.

Solve USE tests in Russian online - this will help you navigate tasks, control and eliminate knowledge gaps. Theoretical material and practical tasks were selected by teachers.
Download the demo version for 2019, it will come in handy in the process of preparing for the exam.
Decide every week 1-3 options.

Algorithm for completing USE tasks

In Russian.

Part 1.

Exercise 1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?

Task execution algorithm:

Task 2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write out this word.

Task execution algorithm:

1. Read the text carefully.

2. By successively selecting the proposed means of communication, establish a logical correspondence between the sentence with the gap and the one that precedes it. This technique will help you determine which word should be in the gap.

Task 3. Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word (………). Determine the meaning in which this word is used (…….) in the sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

Task execution algorithm:

read the task carefully;

find the specified offer;

include each of the proposed lexical interpretations instead of the word given for analysis;

listen to the new sound and meaning of the sentence;

determine whether the sentence lost or did not lose its semantic integrity during the linguistic experiment:

if the sentence has not lost its semantic integrity, the answer is correct;
if the meaning of the sentence has changed, the answer is correct.

Task 4. In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.

Remember: the mobility of Russian stress creates objective difficulties in completing this task.

agent, Augustow, agency, agony, acropolis, alcohol, alphabet, anApest, anAtom, antithesis, apostrophe, watermelon, arrest, aristocracy, argument, asymmetry, astronom, Atlas (collection of geographical maps), atlas (fabric), bourgeoisie, being, being

bureaucracy, airports

scam, crimson, ballot, pamper, pampered, pampered, bow (banta, bows)

bartender, unrestrained, birch bark and birch bark, gas pipeline, blessing, favor, block, bombard, barrel, delusional and delusional, armor (securing something for someone), armor (protective sheathing), bakery, bourgeoisie, sandwich, being, bureaucracy

gross, cook (cook, cook, cook, cook), watchman, willow, veterinarian, turn on, water supply, Volgodonsky, wolf (wolf, wolves, wolves), thief (thieves, thieves, thieves, about thieves), magic, invest, concave, arouse, exorbitantly

gas pipeline, gastronomy, hectare, genesis, citizenship, grenadier, pear

cousin, girlish, democracy, department, despot, hyphen, action, diagnosis, dialogue, dispensary, white, mining, dogma, contract, contractual, naked, red-hot, document, report, naked, dosinya, leisure, associate professor, daughter, dramaturgy drowsiness, confessor,
heretic,
blinds, vent, life,

book, (secure something for someone), book (cover with armor), enviably, bent, conspiracy (secret agreement), conspiracy (spell), bent, long, frosty, busy (man), busy (by someone ), clog, clogged, mold, seal, sealed, powder, call (call, call, call), winterer, malice, sign, significance, sorcery, jagged

scoop, scoop, cleaner,
chassis, seamstress, shake, syringes, sorrel, crushed stone, wood chips, wood chips,
excursion, expert, export, equipped, express, epilogue, pullover

yurOdivy

religion, exhaust,
flounder, catalog, rubber, cough, quarter, cedar, kilometer, cinematography, pantry, whooping cough, college, colossus, compass, complex, self-interest, more beautiful, nettle, flint, cooking, kitchen, scrap, scrap, blade, waste (waste, waste remnants), flap (a piece of cloth),
alluring, masterful, medicines, briefly, manager, metallurgy, meager (allowed - meager), youth, milkman, monologue, ordeal,

naked, naked (cut off), naked (hold checkers), bent over, for a long time, intention, tilt, backhand, start, started, arrears, illness, obituary, hatred, unpretentious, oil pipeline, newborn,
provision, facilitate, sharpen, Embraced, embraced, facilitate, encourage, borrow, embittered, wholesale, inform, point, uncork, Adolescence, in part, paralysis,
partner, plowing, first-born, mold, pizzeria, offer, fable, understood, understood, understood, raised, noon, briefcase, pedestal, funeral, at a funeral, plateau, anticipate, undertaken, fail, reward, reward, sentence, dowry

knowledgeable, beets, silos, orphans, orphans, plum case, condolence, convocation, concentration, means, statue, status, statute, shorthand, carpenter, ship, bent,
customs, dancer, cakes, cakes, shoe,
decoration, speed up, deepen, Coal, Ukrainian, improve, deceased, mentioned, mention, strengthening, aggravate,
facsimile, porcelain, extravaganza, phenomenon, fetish, fluorography, flyleaf, form,
chaos, characteristic (typical), characteristic (actor), intercessor, intercession, intercession, well-groomed (adj.), well-groomed (adj.), Christian, Christ-seller,
cement, chain, gypsies,

Task 5. In one of the sentences below WRONG highlighted word is used. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly. Task execution algorithm:

read all offers carefully;

determine the lexical meanings of each of the paronymic words by selecting synonyms and antonyms or taking into account what words each of them can be combined with;

indicate the correct answer.

Addressee - addressee. Addressee - the person or organization to whom the postal item is addressed (recipient); addressee - a person or organization sending a postal item (sender).

anecdotal - anecdotal. Anecdotal - inherent in an anecdote, based on an anecdote (an anecdotal story); anecdotal - ridiculous, ridiculous (anecdotal case).

archaic - archaic. Archaic - characteristic of antiquity (archaic view), archaic - obsolete, not corresponding to new views, rules (archaic use).

weekday - everyday. Weekday - not a holiday (weekday); everyday - prosaic, monotonous (everyday work).

Breathe in - breathe in. Inhale - take in, draw in air (inhale oxygen), inspire something (inhale courage); sigh - let out a sigh (breathe with relief); rest a little (let me breathe); to grieve, be sad (sigh for children).

Educational - educational. Educational - related to education (educational system); educational - related to the teacher (educational room).

Everyone - everyone. Everyone - everyone (every minute); all kinds - the most diverse (all kinds of searches).

Elective - selective. Elected - related to elections, elected by voting (elected position); selective - partial (selective check)

Harmonic - harmonious. Harmonic - related to harmony (harmonic series); harmonious - slender, coordinated (harmonious personality).

main - capital. Main - main, most significant, central, senior (main street); capital - related to the title (title role).

Engine - mover. Engine - a machine that sets in motion, power (electric motor); mover - what sets in motion, contributes to it (the mover of society, progress is outdated.).

Democratic - Democratic. Democratic - pertaining to democracy, democrat (democratic camp); democratic - characteristic of democracy, democrat (democratic act).

Dynamic - dynamic. Dynamic - related to dynamics, movement (dynamic theory); dynamic - possessing great internal energy (dynamic pace).

Diplomatic - diplomatic. Diplomatic - related to diplomacy, diplomat (diplomatic post); diplomatic - subtly calculated, evasive (diplomatic behavior).

Long - long. Long - having a great length (long report); long - long-term (long vacation, long period).

Voluntary - voluntary. Voluntary - performed without coercion (voluntary labor); volunteer - relating to a volunteer (volunteer initiative, volunteer army).

dramatic - dramatic. Dramatic - expressing strong feelings, full of drama (dramatic situation); dramatic - related to drama (dramatic circle).

friendly - friendly. Friendly - relating to a friend, friends (friendly meeting); friendly - based on friendship (friendly country).

pitiful - pitiful. Pitiful - expressing sorrow, longing, suffering; plaintive, sad (pitiful voice); compassionate - prone to pity, sympathy; compassionate, touching (compassionate words, people).

Spare - thrifty. Spare - available as a spare (emergency exit); thrifty - able to stock up (thrifty person).

Evil - malicious. Evil - filled with a sense of enmity (an evil person); malicious - having a bad purpose, deliberate (malicious non-payer).

Executive - performing. Executive - diligent, having as its goal the implementation of something (executive worker); performing - relating to the performer (performing skills).

seconded - business trip. Seconded - a person who is on a business trip (a seconded specialist); business trip - relating to a business traveler (travel expenses).

Comic - comical. Comic - related to comedy (comic character); comical - funny (comical look).

Critical - critical. Critical - related to criticism (critical article); critical - having the ability to criticize (critical approach).

logical - logical. logical - pertaining to logic ( logical thinking); logical - correct, reasonable, consistent (logical reasoning).

methodical - methodical. Methodical - related to methodology (methodical conference); methodical - exactly following the plan (methodical work).

Hateful - hateful. Hateful - imbued with hatred (hateful acts); hateful - causing hatred (hated enemy).

intolerable - intolerable. Unbearable - one that cannot be endured (unbearable cold); intolerant - unacceptable (intolerant attitude).

to dine - to dine. To become poorer - to become poor (to become poorer as a result of inflation); impoverish - make poor (impoverish life).

dangerous - fearful. Dangerous - associated with danger (dangerous bridge); cautious - acting cautiously (cautious person).

typo - unsubscribe. A typo - an accidental mistake in writing (an annoying typo); unsubscribing - an answer that does not affect the merits of the case (impudent unsubscribing).

Learn - learn. To master - to learn how to use something, to include it in the circle of one's activities (to master the release of new products); to assimilate - to make habitual; understand, memorize

Organic - organic. Organic - pertaining to the plant or animal world ( organic matter); organic - inextricably linked, natural (organic integrity).

Condemnation - discussion. Condemnation - an expression of disapproval, sentencing (condemnation of a criminal); discussion - comprehensive consideration (discussion of the problem);

Responsible - responsible. Reciprocal - being the answer (response); responsible - responsible, important (responsible employee).

Reporting - distinct. Reporting - related to the report ( reporting period); distinct - well distinguishable (distinct sound).

Political - political. Political - related to politics (politician); political - acting diplomatically, cautiously (political hint).

Understandable - understandable. Understanding - quickly understanding (understanding person); understandable - clear (clear reason).

Representative - representative. Representative - making a favorable impression (representative appearance); representative - elected (representative body); relating to representation, representative (representation expenses).

Presentation - provision. Submission - presentation for familiarization, nomination for promotion (representation of a characteristic); provision - the allocation of something at someone's disposal (granting a loan).

conspicuous - conspicuous. Perceptive - able to notice (perceptive critic); noticeable - noticeable (noticeable displeasure).

Realistic - realistic. Realistic - next to realism (realistic painting); realistic - corresponding to reality, quite practical (realistic goal).

Hidden - secretive. Hidden - secret, invisible (hidden threat); secretive - unrevealed (secret person).

Tactical - tactical. Tactful - possessing tact (a tactful act); tactical - related to tactics (tactical task).

Technical - technical. Technical - relating to technology (technical progress); technical - possessing high skill (technical actor).

Lucky - lucky. Lucky - happy; one who is lucky (lucky explorer); successful - successful (good day).

Actual - actual. Actual - corresponding to the facts (actual state of affairs); factual - containing many facts (actual report).

Master's - economic. Master - relating to the owner; such as a good owner (owner's interest); economic - busy with the economy, associated with the economy (economic issues).

Explicit - obvious. Explicit - obvious, undisguised (clear superiority); clear - distinct, well distinguishable (clear whisper).

Task 6. In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and spell the word correctly.

Find mistakes in education and usage

case forms of numerals;

numerals one and a half, one and a half;

collective numerals, including numerals both, both;

comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs;

nominative and genitive plural some nouns;

forms imperative mood some verbs.

Task execution algorithm:

1. Determine which part of speech the given word belongs to.

2. If this name is a numeral, remember that

in complex quantitative names of numerals both parts are inclined;

Cases

From 50 - 80

200, 300, 400

From 500 - 900

fifty

heels and ten and

fifty

five Yu ten Yu

oh heel and ten and

two hundred

dv wow honeycomb

dv mind st am

two hundred

dv knowing st ami

about dv wow st Oh

five hundred

heels and honeycomb

heels and st am

five hundred

five Yu st ami

oh heel and st Oh

when declining compound ordinal numbers, only the last word;

numeral both used with masculine and neuter nouns, and both- female;

Cases

M., cf. genus

G. genus

both

about both

both

about both

collective nouns ( two, three, four etc.) are used with nouns denoting males, names of baby animals, paired objects or having only the plural form.

3. If this name is an adjective, check if the forms of degrees of comparison are formed correctly. Remember: you cannot mix simple and compound forms of degrees of comparison.

Degrees of comparison of adjectives

Comparative

excellent

simple

composite

simple

composite

beautiful´v- her(s)

less- she

deep e

more beautiful

less beautiful

beautiful´v- ash- uy

great- aish- uy

nai most difficult

most beautiful

Degrees of comparison of adverbs

comparative

excellent

simple

composite

-her(s)- it hurts - it hurts her, ill her

-e - easy - easy e-she- thin - thin e

adverb + more (less) more thin

less interesting

comparative+ pronoun all, everything:

made the best (of all)

4. If this is a verb, pay attention to the correct formation

imperative mood forms;

forms of the past tense used without a suffix are -NU-.

(there is - well - in the verb - error - correct answer)

5. If this is a noun, make sure the formation is correct

nominative plural forms;

genitive plural forms.

NOMINATIVE PLURAL

m. kind

With the end - and I(emphasis on ending)

With the end - s, -i ( accent based)

dual number influence)

Addresses, shores, centuries, fans, director, doctor, gutter, inspector, boat, clover, feed, box, body, seine, district, vacation, passport, cook, professor, variety, watchman, haystack, paramedic, outbuilding, barn, ramrod, stack, stamp, anchor, hawk.

sentences, mines,

editors, snipers, tractors, cakes, fronts, drivers.

volumes

locksmiths bakers

1. Animated foreign nouns. on the

-torus, -sor stylistically neutral: directors

1. Animated foreign nouns. on the -er,

-er:engineers

2. Inanimate. foreign words in

-torus, -sor:processors

3. Animated foreign nouns. on the

-tor with a book touch: editors.

Remember: oil - pl. hours - oil a

cream - pl. – cream s(not cream a)

male

female

average

banknotes

giraffe

hall

corrective

piano

only

tulle

shampoo

sandal, boot

cuff, callus

sneaker

reserved seat

gravy (with gravy)

slipper

shoe (no shoes)

surname

bast

tentacle

Task 7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

1. Look for mistakes in sentences:

1) with homogeneous members; (look for homogeneous predicates with the union I. Ask a question from the verb to the homogeneous members of the sentence. The question should be the same, if not, then an error !!! This will be the correct answer. (I see??? (a member of the sentence is missing) and I'm proud nature? I see what?, I'm proud of what?)

2) with participle turnovers; (look at the end of the sacrament, remember that there must be agreement with the word being defined in gender, number, case.)

3) with proper names enclosed in quotation marks and being the name of newspapers, magazines, books, paintings, films;

4) with derivative prepositions thanks to, in spite of, in spite of and non-derivative preposition on used in speech upon completion, upon arrival, upon completion, upon arrival;

5) with double alliances not only but; like…and;

6) using quotes;

7) beginning with the words: everyone who…; those who…; none of those who...

Task 8. Identify the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

Task execution algorithm:

1. Cross out words with alternating vowels, as they will not be the correct answer:

1.1. read each word carefully and look for words with an alternating vowel in the root ( gar - mountains, zar - zor, clan - clone, creature - creation, lag - lodge, bir - ber, fir - lane, dir - der, tir - ter, world - mer, blist - shine, stil - stel, jig - burned, chit - even, kas -kos, rast - rosch - grew, jump - skoch, poppy - mok, equal - even).

2) select test words for the remaining words, remembering that among them there may be dictionary words in which an unstressed vowel requires memorization;

3) if you found dictionary word, then you can cross it out, since it will not be the correct answer;

4) if by the way you managed to pick up a test in which an obscure vowel sound was stressed and is clearly heard, then you have found the correct answer.

Task 9. Identify the sequence in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.

You need to know the following spelling rules:

spelling of prefixes on -З and -С;

spelling of prefixes PRE and PRI;

PRE -

AT -

To stay (=trans-)

arrive (approach)

despise (hate)

To despise (to give someone shelter)

Betray (= re-)

to give (to add, to change something, to add)

bow down, bow down (= re-)

bow down (approach)

transform (implement)

Pretend (incomplete action)

Transient (= re-)

Incoming (approach)

endure (endure)

get used to (get used to)

Successor (= re-, adopt)

Receiver (radio)

Resign (die)

Attach (put close)

Vicissitudes (reversals in fate)

gatekeeper - gatekeeper

Immutable (immutable, indestructible)

attach (attach)

Prerequisite (mandatory)

Unacceptable conditions (impossible)

Limit (border)

Aisle (extension in the church)

Downplayed (very)

Reduced (slightly)

Remember:

PRE-

AT-

preamble, prevail, those in power, predicate, present, presentable, president, presidium, presumption, price list, prelude, seduce, do not fail, premiere, neglect, preparation, present, obstacle, prerogative, prestige, pretender, preference

private, fastidious, privilege, contingency, comely, picky, adventure, prima donna, primate, primitive, priority, deplorable, swear, claim, embellish, unpretentious, whimsical

Prefixes on -З and -С:
spelling depends on the subsequent consonant

before voiced consonants - s appeal, rootless

before voiceless consonants

bake, careless, silent

Task 10. Write out the word in which the letter E / I / is written at the place of the gap

Task execution algorithm:

1) Find out in which part of the word the letter is missing: in the ending or in the suffix.

2) If the vowel is omitted at the end, then use the indefinite form of the verb to establish its conjugation:

in the personal endings of the verbs of the first conjugation, vowels E, U are written;

in the personal endings of the verbs of the second conjugation, vowels I, A (I) are written.

3) If the vowel is missing in the suffix, then analyze the nature of the spelling:

missing vowel in participle suffixes ush, yusch, ash, box, im, eat (om).

missing vowel before participle suffix vsh, nn .

4) Spelling participle suffixes ush, yusch, ash, yashch, im, eat (om) depends on the conjugation of the original verb:

in participles formed from verbs I conjugations , suffixes are written ush, yusch, em (om) ;

in participles formed from verbs II conjugations , suffixes are written ash, box, im.

5) Vowel spelling before suffixes participles vsh and nn depends from that to at - yat or it - et the indefinite form of the original verb ends:

yat or yat , then before nn in passive past participles, the vowel is preserved and I);

if the original verb ends in eat or eat , then before nn only written e ;

before suffix vsh retains the same vowel , as before the end be in an indefinite form.

HINT: Put the verb in the 3rd person plural. (THEY do what? THEY do what?) ending -ut-yut - verb 1 conjugation - in endings you should write a letter E,

Ending - at-yat - verb 2 conjugation - in the endings you should write a letter And.

Task 11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written at the place of the gap

Need to know the spelling of suffixes

nouns ( ets, itz; ink, enk; out, in; ichk, echk; ik, ek );

adjectives ( iv, ev; liv, chiv );

verbs ( willow, willow; eva, ova; And, E before the stressed suffix wa) .

Task execution algorithm:

1) Determine which part of speech (noun, adjective, verb) the word with the missing letter in the suffix belongs to.

2) Apply the desired rule.

adjective

-ev- unstressed: glue ev oh, enamel ev th

-iv- percussion: linen willows th

Exception: kindly willows oh, fool willows th

-chiv-:infusion chiv th

-living-: talent Liv th

verb

-ova- (-eva-)

hang up

I'm hanging

Yva- (-iva-)

annoy

I'm annoyed

TABLE OF DEFINITIONS

VERB ENDINGS AND PARTICIPLE SUFFIXES

Verb endings

Suffixes are valid. participles

Suffixes suffer. participles

I conjugation

rest

-eatwriteeat

-etwriteee

-utwriteut

-utthoughtut

-usch-writeyi uy

-yusch-thoughtYusch uy

-om-carriedohm th

-eat-blowing eatth

II conjugation

N.F. on the - and be

-themstrictthem

-ishstrictish

-itestrictite

-atstrictyat

-yatstorageyat

-ash-breatheash uy

-box-storagecrate uy

-them-storagethem th

Task 12. Determine the sentence in which NOT with the nightingale is written ONE. (SEPARATE). Open the brackets and write out this word.

)? It should be remembered that the spelling rules are NOT with different parts speeches can be grouped as follows:

NOT with nouns, quality adjectives, adverbs in -O and -E;

NOT with verbs and gerunds;

NOT with participles.

Not with nouns, adjectives, adverbs in O, E

together

apart

1. Not used without NOT:

ignoramus
fables

careless

ridiculous

1. If there is opposition with uniona Not true but false

Not happy but sad

Not close but far

adverb not in O-E: did not enter like a friend

2. If the word with the prefix NOT can find a synonym without NOT

Foe (enemy)

Misfortune (grief)

Enemy (enemy)

unhappy (sad)

Close (far)

2. If at the word with NOT there are words far, at all, not at all, not at all, by no means

Far from pretty

Not a friend at all

Nothing interesting

Not at all sweet

3.Remember:

small

slave

confusion

imperfections

undergrowth

dunno

klutz

3.Remember:

not in measure, not as an example, not for good, not for haste, not to taste, not within the power, not according to the gut, not from the hand, etc.; b) neither give nor take, neither be nor me, neither here nor there, neither light nor dawn, for nothing

not about anything, not a bottom, not a tire, not for a sniff of tobacco, not for a penny etc.

not one (no one) - not one (many), never (never) - not once (often) .

2.Not with verbs and gerunds

together

apart

1. Not used without NOT:

resent (indignant)

rage (rage)

unwell

dislike

hate

1.Always separate

Was not

Not catching up

Without knowing

2. With the prefix under-

UNDER-= below normal, not 100% be in insufficient quantity
there is an antonym with re- (=excess)
undersalt the soup (oversalt the soup)
the result is unsatisfactory
missing = not enough
You lack patience.
^ I always lack money.

2. With prefixes not + to

done not to end
do not watch the movie, do not take home
She did not finish and fell silent.
(to end implied)
does not reach = does not reach
The rope is missing before gender.
Before poplar is missing the fifth floor

3. Not with participles and verbal adjectives.

together

apart

1. not used without NOT:
n units mindful (adj., not packing without NOT)
2. NO opposition with union A and
dependent words: n no sown field (no a, AP)

1. with brief participles: not_ closed
2. IS opposition with union a:
unfinished, a started meeting
3. IS dependent the words:
unsown in time field, not yet plowed field

4.NOT and NOR with negative PRONOUNS

together

apart

There is NO preposition between NOT and the pronoun: No one, no one

THERE IS A SUGGESTION

With no one, with no one

Task 13. Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are written CLEARLY (SEPARATELY). Open the brackets and write out these two words.

Task execution algorithm:

1) Read the sentence, think about its meaning.

2) Determine which part of speech the underlined word belongs to.

Unions so that, also, also, but, moreover, moreover, so, because are written together ; they can be replaced by synonyms of the same part of speech.

Words of other parts of speech similar to these unions in sound whatever, the same likewise, for that, for that, for that , and so, from that are written separately. They consist of two components: one of them (well, would) can either be removed from the proposal, or rearranged to another place; other component (that, that, than, yes, that) replace with other words.

Derivative prepositions are written together: DUE TO = due to, IN VIEW = due to, ABOUT = about, TOGETHER = to, DESPITE = contrary to.

Derivative prepositions are written separately: DURING = IN CONTINUATION, IN DIFFERENCE, IN CONCLUSION, DURING.

For continuous, hyphenated or separate spelling of adverbs, apply the appropriate rules.

Derived prepositions

Nouns with prepositions

during

There was no news in flow of the year.

How long?

(time value)

during (what?) rivers

See in continue (what?) series.

AT(fast) currents rivers

See in(soon) continued series

in continuation

She said in continuation hours.

Finally articles

At the end, in the end

Sat in conclusionI.

Sat in(debt) conclusionI.

in contrast from others

(used with from)

Difference in differences life.

Difference in(strong) differences life.

due to= due to

He did not come due to illness.

Remember: later I - adverb

as a consequence

intervened as a consequence in the case of theft.

intervened in(new) consequence in the case of theft.

like= like

vessel like flasks

Mistake in kind noun.

about= about, about

Reach an agreement about tours.

Put on the check in the bank.

Put on the(mine) check.

towards= to

Go towards friend.

go to a meeting with friends.

go on the(long awaited) meeting.

due to= due to

In view of We didn't go to the cinema when it rained.

I meant tomorrow. (stable expression).

as cones

in mind cities

(cone view, city view)

adverbs

Nouns with prepositions

climb up (refer to the verb)

climb to the top the mountains

on the(most) top the mountains

shoes me fit

at the right time flowering -

in ( spring) time flowering

Derived prepositions

Participles with negation

In spite of rain, went out of town

(although it was raining).

Regardless of bad weather, we went camping.

(in spite of what?)

Despite father, he got up from the table.

Regardless of me, he left the room.

(=not looking)

Task 14. Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HH (H) is written

determine what part of speech the word with the missing letter belongs to;

apply the spelling rule Н and НН in the suffix of this part of speech.

Noun:

1. If the root of the word ends in H, and the suffix begins with H:

malinn ik(Mali n a)

2.If noun. formed from an adjective with HH, or from a participle:

diseasesenn awn(diseases enn th)

pampered(spoiled)

3. Remember: besprida nn itza

1. In words formed from nouns that have suffixes -in-, -an-, -yan-

peatyang ik(from noun peat)

2. In words formed from adj. with one H: studyn ik(from adj. study n th), martyr, worker

3. In words:

gaff yang itza (bagr yang th), cannabis yang ir(cannabis yang th)

var en ik (var yon th), smoked yon awn (kopch yon th)

cost yang ika (cost yang oh) wise yon awn (wise yon th)

oil en itza (oil en th), oats yang itza (oats yang th)

gost in itza (guest in th), firewood yang ik (firewood yang oh)

smart yon awn (meaning n th), great en itza

Adjective:

1. n. -H+ -H-: karmann th

2. -ONN-, -ENN-: commissionion th, cranberriesenn th,

! without wind nn th

3. exceptions with -YANN-: GLASSHH YY, TINHH YY, WOODHH YY

YU nn and you ( young s nat Uralists)

1. -IN-: goose in th

2. exception WINDH YY(day, person)

3. -AN- (-YAN-): leatheren th

Remember: Yu n th;

gaff yang oh, rum yang oh, r yang oh, pi yang oh, right n yy (historical suf. - YAN-); bar n oy, svy n oh si n oh, green n oh, go n oh, core n th.

In short adjectives, the same number of n is written as in full adjectives.

Tuma nn aya distance - the distance of the fog nn a

wind n th girl - girl in the wind n a

Participles:

Н - НН IN SUFFIXES OF PARTICIPLES AND VERBAL ADJECTIVES

1. There is a prefix: about seeded flour

(except for attachment not-)

But: no problem her nn oh flour

1. There is a prefix not-: not sowing n oh flour

2. No ¬, but there is AP: soya nn and I through a sieve flour

2. No ¬: sowing n oh flour

3. have a suffix -ova-/-eva-:

marin ovann th cucumbers

3. Exceptions: kova n oh, chew n oh, cool n th (-ov-, -ev- are part of the root)

4. Formed from a non-prefixed perfective verb:

Reshe nn task (to solve - what with make?)

But: from wound nn th , wound nn th in leg fighter

! Being woundnn th, the soldier remained in the ranks.

Women immediately hung washingnn oh.(Suffering. adverb, since they retain the verbal meaning, indicate a temporary state, and not a permanent sign-quality)., windless

4. Exception: wound n oh, windy

5. The same words in their direct meaning will be participles : name nn oh play, end nn th work.

5. When the participle turns into an adjective, it is possible to change the lexical meaning of the word: a smart child, an uninvited guest, a named brother, an imprisoned father, a dowry, Forgiveness Sunday, a dead man.

Exceptions: covetous, desirable,

unheard, unseen, sacred,

unexpected, unexpected, inadvertent, done, slow, awake, swaggering, chased

6. Spelling does not change as part of compound words: golden n oh, scrap n th-fracture n th, Word everything in general has adjective meaning(high quality), not the value of "adj. + communion.

7. Brief participles: a spoiled girl n a

SHOULD BE DISTINCTIVE

short adjective

Brief Communion

Girl brought up nna (sama - short adjective). Can be replaced with a full adjective: educated I.

Girl brought up n and in the orphanage (by whom?) - a short adverb .. Replaced by the verb: the girl was brought up.

Adverb

Short neuter participle

 Ch.  adv.

He answered deliberately(how? in what way?).

Thoughtfully - a circumstance.

noun  cr. moreover

Case thoughtful (how?) from all sides.

Considered - predicate.

Task 15. Set up punctuation marks. Specify the numbers of sentences in which you need to put one comma.

Execution algorithm:

1. Find homogeneous members in the sentence.

2. Determine which unions connect them:

if it is a single connecting or dividing conjunction ( and, or, either, yes (= and ), comma in front of him not put ;

if it is a double union ( as ..., and; not so much ... as; not only but; though... but ), a comma is placed only before the second part of the double union ;

if this repeated alliances , then a comma is placed only in front of those who are between homogeneous members ;

before opposing alliances between homogeneous members always put a comma .

3. Check if the sentence contains homogeneous members connected in pairs. Remember: if homogeneous members in a sentence are combined in pairs, then a comma is placed between paired groups and only one!

Task 16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

Remember:

participial answers the questions which? which? which? which? ;

gerund answers the questions having done what? doing what? And denotes an additional action with a verb - a predicate ; participial turnover answers the questions as? when? why?

punctuation in participial turnover depends on its location in relation to the noun being defined;

the adverbial turnover is always distinguished in writing by commas;

homogeneous definitions and circumstances expressed by the involved and participle turns and connected by a single union AND, a comma is not separated.

Task execution algorithm:

1) Find participial and adverbial phrases in the sentence, correctly defining their boundaries. Always separated by commas.

2) Determine what position in the sentence the participial turnover occupies (DO- does not stand out with commas !!! AFTER the word being defined - stands out !!!).

3) Check if the sentence contains homogeneous members with the union AND, expressed by participial or participial phrases. A comma is not put before the union And.

4).Attention! there should not be numbers in the middle of the turnover, this provocation!!! Eliminate them!!!Use the trick to eliminate the highlighted turnover.

Task 17.

Remember: introductory words can be removed from a sentence without changing the main idea of the syntactic construction. Use the technique of excluding highlighted words.

Task execution algorithm:

1) Check if the highlighted words are introductory.

Introductory words can be removed from the sentence or replaced with synonymous ones. introductory words; they are separated by commas.

The members of the sentence homonymous with the introductory words cannot be removed without changing the meaning of the syntactic construction; they are not separated by commas.

Remember that words are not introductory and are not separated by commas: as if, as if, perhaps, for the most part, as if, literally, in addition, after all, in the end, it seems to be, hardly, anyway, after all, even, exactly, sometimes, as it were, besides, only, meanwhile, for sure, extremely, probably, certainly, definitely, partly, at least, truly, still, therefore, simply, let, decisively, nevertheless, only, supposedly.

Task 18. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

Execution algorithm:

1. Find the grammatical foundations of the sentence.

2. Define the boundaries of the main and subordinate parts.

3. Read the sentence, observing the selected signs. This will help to identify an incorrectly found solution or, conversely, confirm the correct choice.

Remember! As a rule, complex sentences are presented in this task. with adjectives , in them conjunction word which is not at the beginning of the subordinate part, but in the middle her, therefore A comma is not placed before the allied word. (1. Eliminate the numbers around the word "which"

4. Attention to the union And). Determine what it connects: parts of a complex sentence - a comma, homogeneous members of a sentence - no comma.

Task 19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.

To complete the task, use the algorithm:

1. Indicate the grammatical foundations in the sentence.

2. Define boundaries simple sentences as part of a complex syntactic structure.

3. See how these parts are connected.

4. Find out if the offer contains Union And , and if it is present in the sentence, determine what it connects:

if homogeneous members , then there is a comma before it not put ;

if parts of a complex sentence , then there is a comma before it put .

5. Find 2 unions side by side: what if, what when, and if, and although, but when, so that if, and when:

Comma between conjunctions NOT put if the words go further in the sentence then yes, but

Comma between conjunctions put, if no THEN, SO, BUT.

Task 20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Specify the answer numbers.

Particular attention should be paid to the second and third sentences:

they (argument and output) contain the main information;

therefore, among the answer options, one should look for one that combines the information of the 2nd and 3rd sentences.

Remember the main information is given only in its direct meaning. (EXACTLY and SPECIFICLY)

Task execution algorithm:

1. Highlight in each sentence the key words that are important for understanding the issue that is raised in this text; pay attention to the main part of complex sentences.

2. Determine the causal relationship between sentences in the text by analyzing conjunctions, allied words, introductory constructions.

3. Shorten the text by crossing out secondary information ( different kind explanations, details, descriptions of minor facts, comments, lexical repetitions).

4. Transmit in one sentence the main information contained in the text.

5. Compare your text compression option (your sentence that conveys its main idea) with the answer options.

Task 21. Which of the following statements are true? Specify the answer numbers.

Task execution algorithm:

1. Read the text.

2. To determine his type of speech, use the technique of imaginary "photography":

if it is possible to “photograph” the entire text in one frame, this is description ;

if it is possible to “photograph” the text in a successive series of frames, this is narration ;

if the text cannot be "photographed" - this reasoning .

3. Remember that

description shows (this is what we see: a portrait of a person, a landscape, an interior);

narration tells (this is a chain of events or actions and actions of characters);

reasoning proves and is built according to the scheme: thesis - proof - final conclusion.

Determine what type of speech the proposed text belongs to.

Types of speech

composition scheme

Narration

(what happened?)

I came, I saw, I conquered.

communicate a sequence of actions or events.

verbs are used.

Multiple Frames

exposition

tie

Development of action

climax

5. Interchange

Description

(which?)

indicate the signs of an object, person, place, state. Adjectives are used.

1 frame

From general impression to the details.

Reasoning (why?)

substantiate this or that put forward position (thesis), explain the essence, causes of this or that phenomenon, event.

It talks about causes and effects, events and phenomena, our ideas about them, assessments, feelings. - about what can not be photographed.

1. Thesis (a thought that is being proved) →

2. arguments (proofs, examples) →

3. conclusions.

Task 22. From the given sentences write out synonyms (synonymous pair). (There may be various lexical means.

Task execution algorithm:

1. If in the task it is required to find a certain lexical unit in the specified passage of text, it is necessary

recall the definition of this lexical unit:

Antonyms- these are words of the same part of speech, opposite in their lexical meaning.! Antonyms can be contextual, that is, they become antonyms only in a given context.

Synonyms- These are words of the same part of speech, the same or similar in meaning, but different in sound and spelling. Like antonyms, synonyms can be contextual.

Homonyms-these are words thoughhigher in sound (withpossible differentwriting) or writesledge (if possiblenom different soundingnii), but different in meaning.

historicisms- these are obsolete words that have fallen into disuse due to the disappearance from life of objects and phenomena that they denoted.

Neologisms– new words of limited use.

Phraseologism- Lexically indivisible phrases reproduced in finished form: hang your nose, win, voice of crying)

Task 23. Among sentences 1-8 (there may be other sentence numbers), find one that is connected with the previous one using a possessive pronoun (another means of communication). Write the number of this offer.

Lexical means of communication required in task B7:

lexical repetitions (repetitions of words and phrases);

synonyms and synonymic substitutions;

contextual synonyms;

antonyms (including contextual ones).

Morphological means of communication:

unions;

personal, demonstrative and some other pronouns instead of words from previous sentences;

adverbs;

degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs.

The syntactic means of communication of sentences include:

syntactic parallelism (the same word order and the same morphological design of the members of adjacent sentences);

parceling (withdrawal from the sentence of any part and its execution in the form of an independent incomplete sentence);

incomplete sentences;

introductory words and sentences, appeals, rhetorical questions.

Task execution algorithm:

1. It is necessary to firmly learn the categories of pronouns, since the pronominal connection is most in demand in tasks of this type.

2. Remember that you must determine the relationship of this sentence with the previous , with the one that is to the offer you are considering .

CATS OF PRONOUNS BY MEANING

Personal

Unit h. pl. h.

1 l. - I we

2 l. - you you

3 l. - he, she, it they

returnable

myself

Interrogative

relative

who, what, which, whose, which, how much, what

indefinite

someone, something, some, several, someone, something, someone, someone, someone, some someday

Negative

no one, nothing, none, no one, no one, nothing

Possessive

mine, yours, yours, ours, his, hers, theirs

pointing

that, this, such, such, so much, this (obsolete)

Determinants

all, everyone, everyone, himself, any, other, most, other

When declining some pronouns, the whole word changes: I - to me, you - to you ...

Distinguish the categories of pronouns.

Wed Her (his, them) book- whose? - possessive pronoun.

We sawher (his, their ) - whom? - personal pronoun.

Who on duty today? - interrogative pronoun.

We do not know, who today duty is a relative pronoun.

Task 24. Restore the terms missing in the text of the review, with the help of which the linguistic features of this text are characterized.

Task execution algorithm:

Carefully read the list of figurative and expressive means of the language presented in the sample of answers.

Divide all the terms into 3 groups: Paths, Figures, Vocabulary.

Read the review carefully, insert the necessary IVS.

4 . In case of difficulty, you can use the technique of excluding from the list of those terms that, according to the meaning, cannot be in place of gaps in the text.

1. trails - words and expressions used in figurative meaning:

epithet - figurative definition (Through wavy the moon sneaks through the fog ... / A.S. Pushkin/);

personification - attribution of qualities, actions, emotions of a person to objects, nature, abstract concepts ( The earth is sleeping in the glow of blue / M.Yu. Lermontov/);

comparison - a comparison of two objects or phenomena in order to explain one of them with the help of the other ( Ice weak on the studenoy river like melting sugar lies on. Nekrasov/);

metaphor - the transfer of properties from one object to another based on their similarity (Lights rowan bonfire red / S.A. Yesenin /);

metonymy - allegorical designation of the subject of speech, "renaming", replacing one concept with another that has with it causality (All flags will visit us / A.S. Pushkin/);

synecdoche - a kind of metonymy, when the name of the part is used instead of the name of the whole or vice versa (We all look at Napoleons / A.S. Pushkin /);

hyperbola - excessive exaggeration of certain properties of the depicted object (The sunset burned in a hundred thousand suns / V.V. Mayakovsky /);

litotes - excessive underestimation of the properties of the depicted object or phenomenon (your spitz, lovely spitz, no more than a thimble / A.S. Griboyedov /);

irony - hidden mockery; the use of a word or expression in the opposite sense of the literal (Otkol, smart, you wander head? / I.A. Krylov/);

paraphrase – replacing the name of an object or phenomenon with a description of it hallmarks or pointing to character traits (King of beasts/instead of a lion/);

2. Figures of speech - special syntactic constructions that give expressiveness to speech:

antithesis - a sharp opposition of concepts, thoughts, images (You are poor, You are plentiful, You are powerful, You are powerless, Mother Russia! / N.A. Nekrasov /);

inversion - reverse word order (whitens sail lonely/M.Yu. Lermontov/);

gradation - the arrangement of words or expressions in ascending or descending order of their meaning (semantic or emotional) ( Glowing, burning, shining huge blue eyes)

oxymoron - a contrasting combination of words that are opposite in meaning ( Dead souls, living corpse, sad joy);

parceling - intentional violation of the boundaries of the sentence (It happened a long time ago. A very long time ago. Anna had trouble. Big.);

anaphora monophony, repetition of similar words at the beginning of stanzas or closely spaced phrases ( Wait me and I'll be back. Just wait a lot. Wait when yellow rains make you sad, Wait when it snows, Wait when the heat Wait when others are not expected, having forgotten yesterday / K. Simonov/);

epiphora - repetition of the same words or phrases at the end of several adjacent constructions (I would like to know why I titular councilor? Why exactly titular councilor? /N.V. Gogol /);

rhetorical question - a question that is posed in order to draw attention to a particular phenomenon (To be or not to be? / Shakespeare /);

rhetorical appeal - emotional appeal to people not directly involved in communication, or to inanimate objects(People of the world, take care of the world!);

ellipsis - omission of the predicate, giving speech dynamism (We villages - to ashes, cities - to dust / V.A. Zhukovsky /);

lexical repetition - intentional repetition of the same word or phrase to enhance the emotionality, expressiveness of the statement (It seemed that everything in nature fell asleep: sleeping grass, slept trees, slept clouds).

questionable - response form of presentation - a form of presentation in which questions and answers alternate (What to do? I don’t know. Whom to ask for advice? Unknown.);

syntactic parallelism - the same syntactic construction of neighboring sentences, the same arrangement of similar members of the sentence in them (I look at the future with fear, / I look at the past with longing. / M.Yu. Lermontov /);

homogeneous members of a sentence .

3 .Lexical means of expression: Vocabulary

Dialect words - a word or phrase existing in a particular locality (territorial dialectism), social group (social dialectism) or profession (professional dialectism): cock-kochet

jargon- speech social group, different from common language containing many artificial words and expressions. There are different jargons: salon, philistine, thieves, student, school, army, sports, etc. "Smell" - from the jargon of hunters, "amba" - from the sea.

Antonyms(Greek Ant - against and on uma - name) - words that have opposite meanings: "Deceit and love", "Whiter is only a shine, blacker is a shadow."

Archaisms(from the Greek Archaios - ancient) - an obsolete word or figure of speech.

Neologisms(from the Greek Neos - new and logos - word) - a newly formed word that appeared in connection with the emergence of new concepts in life (in science, technology, culture, in everyday life). Neologism emphasizes the expressiveness of speech. For example, "mediocrity" instead of "mediocrity".

Synonyms(from Greek - the same name) 1) Words that are different in spelling, but close (or the same) in meaning: defeat-overcome (the enemy); run - rush; beautiful - charming; hippopotamus - hippopotamus. 2) Contextual synonyms are words or phrases that converge in meaning in the same context, these words are individual, situational in nature: needle - Ostankino needle (tower); the voice (murmur) of the waves; noise (rustle, rustle, whisper) of foliage.

Contextual synonyms - words or a combination of words that acquire a close meaning only in a certain context. "Doing nothing" - passive rest.

Phraseologism - lexically indivisible, stable in its composition and structure, integral in meaning, a phrase reproduced in the form of a finished speech unit. (Frown your eyebrows, win, lower your head, bloody your nose, burn with shame, bare your teeth, sudden death, longing takes, crackling frost, fragile boat, ticklish question, ticklish position)

Homonyms- words that sound the same different meaning, eg: club (couple and sports), change your mind (a lot and change your mind). AT oral speech sound homonyms (homophones) arise - words that sound the same, although they are written differently: cry and cry, boil and open.

PART 2

It is necessary to analyze the proposed text, identifying the author's position on one of the problems raised in it, correctly and conclusively expressing one's own attitude to what was read. The volume of the essay is at least 200 words.

For correct execution tasks you need to know Part C evaluation criteria.

Essay writing plan - reasoning on the proposed text

Regardless of the content of the text, you can use the following plan, compiled on the basis of the requirements for completing the task of part C:

1. Formulate the problem - K 1

2. Comment on the problem.K-2

4. Express your own opinion, agreeing or disagreeing with the author. K-4

5. Prove your point of view by giving at least two arguments (each of them is given in a new paragraph).

6. Final conclusion (conclusion).

Problem - a question that interests the author of the source text and causes his thoughts and reflections.

Good morning, dear colleagues! Today we have gathered again to talk about the "painful" - about the unified state exam in the Russian language. "Live and learn!" - it's all about us, teachers of the Russian language! As soon as we began to understand what is required of us at the USE in general and how to teach children to solve such tasks, how should we get used to the fact that every year some changes are made to the USE KIMS, which means that we will not be bored and should study and study again. What to do? How to keep up with the times, take into account all the changes and not lose the most valuable thing in preparing for the exam - time? Today I would like to talk about the simplest things with which to start preparing for the exam, so that this process does not turn into some kind of incomprehensible task, but becomes a system and brings its results.

I believe that in the first turn it is necessary to draw up a well-thought-out Plan of our work and follow it step by step. I’ll make a reservation right away that we all understand and know that we are now not in an absolutely closed space with a complete lack of information, as in the early years of the Unified State Examination, but on the contrary, there are so many of these sources of information now that the main thing, perhaps, is not to get confused in this labyrinth, but choose the most necessary for the efficiency of work and devote more time to the work itself in preparing for the exam.

So, what should be considered when drawing up such a Plan?

2 years of study (grades 10 and 11): we start training in grade 10 (the program allows us to do this and this is our advantage over other subjects) and we always take into account all the changes and continue training in grade 11;
activities during and after classes;
hours of the mandatory and optional parts of the School Curriculum (in the 10th grade it can be one hour, and in the 11th grade it can be different);
the level of preparedness of students

What is the sequence of actions?

1) Acquaintance with official information

The official information portal of the unified state exam -age edu

Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements-

Tasks for preparing for the exam in the Russian language with sample solutions (15 new options monthly).
- FOUND A PROBLEM? LET'S TRAIN!
To create a specialized test, select the number of tasks from each section or use the predefined options by clicking on the appropriate button.
-You can make a variant from the number of tasks you need for various sections of the task catalog.

Educational site of the teacher of Russian language and literature Zakharyina Elena Alekseevna-saharina.ru

Open bank of USE assignments
(on the FIPI website)
Phonetics
Vocabulary and phraseology
Morphemics and word formation
Grammar. Morphology
Grammar. Syntax
Spelling
Punctuation
Speech
Language norms
The expressiveness of Russian speech
Information processing of texts of various styles and genres

There are many questions to the creators of such a job bank. For example: it is very inconvenient for work and takes a lot of time, it would be better if it was built according to the types of tasks, but nevertheless, it is necessary to work with it. Now, for example, it already contains 98 different texts. And maybe even more. All tasks with texts on the exam will be of 4 types - this is 1 task, a large text of about 450 words and questions on it (tasks 20-23), review text (task 24) and task 25. All types of such texts are in the OBZ. Methodists advise when working with text to always answer 3 basic questions:

What is the text about?

The correct interpretation of the text and the choice of the problem give the child as much as 8 points! It is also necessary to teach children to read the entire text, and not to pay attention to individual familiar words. That is, for example, to teach that the very first word “nature” does not lead them to the idea that it is necessary to give arguments to the problem “nature”. The problem may turn out to be completely different.

For an extended analysis of the tasks of part 1, you can use a very good collection of complex materialsDrabkina and Subbotinand similar books.

Helpful Hints:

Before solving the full options, it is imperative to conduct a detailed analysis of each of the tasks, incl. and tasks 25 on evaluation criteria.
Maintaining separate notebooks for solving tasks 1 and 2 of the part of the USE version
Recording Part 1 answers in a spreadsheet, analyzing the results each month to track common mistakes
Acquaintance with the criteria for evaluating a task with a detailed answer at the beginning of the year and learning the ability to correctly build an essay and track its result
Teach the student to count their points and evaluate the work of a classmate
Tracking changes in KIM USE in grade 11
Do not use options for tasks in an outdated form to prepare for the exam (it is more difficult to relearn than to teach again)

And finally, let me tell you all:

I wish you, dear colleagues,
kind, smart, patient, talented and understanding students!

With such we can overcome everything!
May our efforts not be in vain, and…
May God never read such records on the Internet after the end of the exam:

"Unified State Examination pamaglo mine to enter the prestigious Maskovsky university." Thank you for your attention!

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Unified State Exam in the Russian Language On the preparation for the Unified State Examination-2016

Teacher action plan in preparation for the exam

What to consider: 2 years of study (grades 10 and 11); activities during and after classes; hours of the compulsory and optional parts of the School Curriculum; the level of preparedness of students

The sequence of actions of the teacher: Acquaintance with official information - The official information portal of the unified state exam - ege. edu. ru - Federal Institute of Pedagogical Measurements - fipi .ru

The minimum number of points in the Russian language: to obtain a certificate - 24 points; for admission to a university - 36 points. The examination time is 3.5 hours (210 minutes).

STRUCTURE OF THE EXAMINATION WORK Each version of the examination paper consists of two parts and includes 25 tasks that differ in form and level of complexity. Part 1 contains 24 short answer tasks. In the examination work, the following types of tasks with a short answer are proposed: tasks of an open type for recording a self-formulated correct answer; tasks for choosing and recording one correct answer from the proposed list of answers; multiple choice task

The answer to the tasks of part 1 is given by the corresponding entry in the form of a word, phrase, number or sequence of words, numbers written without spaces, commas and other additional characters. Part 2 contains 1 open-ended task with a detailed answer (composition), which tests the ability to create your own statement based on the text you read.

Video recommendations of the Unified State Exam-2016. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE Tsybulko Irina Petrovna - Senior Researcher of the Center for Philological Education of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute for Education Development Strategy of the Russian Academy of Education", Leading Researcher of the FGBNU "FIPI", Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences.

Information about the planned changes in the KIM USE 2016 Russian language - there are no significant changes. The selection of language material for completing tasks 7 and 8 has been expanded. The wording of task 25 has been clarified. The criteria for evaluating task 25 have been clarified. The maximum primary score has increased from 56 to 57.

Demonstration version of the control measuring materials of the unified state exam of 2016 in the Russian language

Codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of preparation of graduates of educational organizations for the unified state exam in the Russian language: Section 1. List of content elements tested at the unified state exam in the Russian language Section 2. List of requirements for the level of preparation checked at the unified state exam in Russian Russian language

Specification of control measuring materials for the unified state exam in 2016 in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE: 1. Purpose of KIM USE 2. Documents defining the content of KIM USE 3. Approaches to the selection of content, development of the structure of KIM USE

4. The structure of the KIM USE Part 1 - 24 tasks with a short answer - 33 points Part 2 -1 task with a detailed answer -24 points Total - 25 tasks - 57 points

5. Distribution of KIM USE tasks by content and types of activity 6. Distribution of KIM USE tasks by level of complexity 7. Duration of the USE in Russian 8. Additional materials and equipment Additional materials and equipment are not used

9. The system of evaluation of individual tasks and the examination paper as a whole For the correct completion of each task of part 1 (except tasks 1, 7, 15 and 24), the examinee receives 1 point. For an incorrect answer or its absence, 0 points are set. For completing tasks 1 and 15, from 0 to 2 points can be set. The answer is considered correct if it contains all the numbers from the standard and there are no other numbers. 1 point is given if: one of the numbers indicated in the answer does not correspond to the standard; one of the digits specified in the answer template is missing. In all other cases, 0 points are given. The order in which the digits are written in the answer does not matter.

Task 7 can be assigned from 0 to 5 points. For each correctly indicated digit corresponding to the number from the list, the examinee receives 1 point (5 points: no errors; 4 points: 1 mistake was made; 3 points: 2 mistakes were made; 2 points: 2 digits are correctly indicated; 1 point: correctly indicated only one digit 0 points: completely wrong answer, i.e. the sequence of numbers is incorrect or missing The order of the numbers in the answer matters.

For completing task 24, from 0 to 4 points can be set. The answer is considered correct if it contains all the numbers from the standard and there are no other numbers. For each correctly indicated digit corresponding to the number of the term from the list, the examinee receives 1 point (4 points: no errors; 3 points: 1 mistake was made; 2 points: 2 mistakes were made; 1 point: only one digit is correctly indicated; 0 points: a completely incorrect answer, i.e. an incorrect sequence of numbers or its absence.The order of writing the numbers in the answer matters.

Orthoepic dictionary - Emphasis in adjectives - Emphasis in verbs - Emphasis in some participles and participles - Nouns - Nouns - Adjectives - Verbs - Participles - German participles - Adverbs

I.P. Tsybulko, E.V. Buzina, I.P. Vasiliev, Yu.N. Gosteva, S.L. Ivanov METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS for teachers, prepared on the basis of an analysis of typical mistakes of participants in the USE 2015 in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

Drafting work program and calendar and thematic planning - each topic ends with the solution of training tasks in the USE format - tests - in the USE format - lessons in the development of speech - lessons in preparing for an essay in the USE format

An example of calendar-thematic planning of Russian language lessons in grade 10 for one of the sections

Implementation of the work program Conducting workshops on filling out the USE forms Rehearsal exams Analysis of the results Work on errors

What material can be used? "I will solve the exam" - Dmitry Gushchin's educational portal - reshuege.ru

Tasks for preparing for the exam in the Russian language with sample solutions (15 new options monthly). - FOUND A PROBLEM? LET'S TRAIN! To create a specialized test, select the number of tasks from each section or use the predefined options by clicking on the appropriate button. -You can make a variant from the number of tasks you need for various sections of the task catalog.

Educational site of the teacher of Russian language and literature Zakharyina Elena Alekseevna - saharina.ru

Open bank of USE tasks (on the FIPI website) Phonetics Vocabulary and phraseology Morphemics and word formation Grammar. Morphology Grammar. Syntax Spelling Punctuation Speech Language norms Expressiveness of Russian speech Information processing of texts of various styles and genres

Textbook "Unified State Exam. Russian Language. A set of materials for preparing students." Drabkina S.V.

Useful tips: Before solving the full options, be sure to conduct a detailed analysis of each of the tasks, incl. and assignments 25 according to the assessment criteria Maintaining separate notebooks for solving tasks 1 and 2 of the USE version Recording the answers of part 1 in a table, analyzing the results every month to track typical mistakes Acquaintance with the assessment criteria for a task with a detailed answer at the beginning of the year and teaching the ability to correctly build an essay and track its result Teach the student to count their points and evaluate the work of a classmate Tracking changes in the KIM USE in the 11th grade Do not use options for tasks in an outdated form to prepare for the USE (it is more difficult to relearn than to teach again)

I wish you, dear colleagues, kind, smart, patient, talented and understanding students! With these, we will be able to overcome everything! May our efforts not be in vain, and ...

“Ye Ge pamaglo mine to enter the prestigious Maskovsky university.”