Garage compressor from compressor zil. Homemade compressor from a car compressor

Sandblasting can be used to effectively and quickly clean any part, surface of a structure for further repair or use. But this device requires a source of compressed air with the necessary pressure and performance. A do-it-yourself compressor for sandblasting will save you from acquiring expensive and not always reliable enough equipment.

practical option

The design based on the compressor from MAZ, ZIL 130 - 157 has established itself as a reliable and efficient device. The unit from these cars will require minimal do-it-yourself alterations. From MTZ, GAZ is inefficient, and from KamAZ it needs a lot of improvements. The receiver is installed based on the needs for sandblasting - a gas cylinder of 50 liters or ready-made from a KamAZ car and a smaller one from ZIL, which already have the necessary holes.

An approximate layout of a do-it-yourself device and a compressor pneumatic connection diagram are as follows. The receiver, in a horizontal position, is mounted on supports with wheels. A compressor without a bottom cover is installed on a piece of a channel with a width of 200 - 250 mm through a paronite gasket. At the opposite end of the channel, through the milled grooves, the electric motor is mounted on the legs. The grooves are necessary for the tension of the belt, which is selected with a small section so that the power loss in the drive is minimal. The channel is attached to the top of the receiver, the wiring from the compressor to the receiver is connected from above and from the end, a pressure control pressure gauge is installed, an overload valve and an outlet fitting with a valve are mounted from the end.

The electric motor is selected depending on the needs. For a 220 V network, the minimum required power of a three-phase electric motor is 1.5 kW, revolutions are 1420 rpm. The required gear ratio between the motor shaft and the compressor pulley in this case is 1: 3. At high powers, the ratio is reduced - the performance increases. For power supply at 220 V, 2.2 kW is optimal. By using 380V (3 phases), the power can be reduced.

The outer diameter of the pulleys of automotive units is approximately 210 mm. In the case of using a 1.1 kW motor with an 80 mm pulley, the gear ratio is 210/80 = 2.6. The electric motor will operate at maximum power at a pressure of 8 atm. A capacity of 260 l/min (maximum) is obtained at 2500 rpm of the compressor shaft. By changing the ratio, you can reach 3200 rpm - the maximum speed of the unit on the ZIL 130.

Refinement of the ZIL 130 brake pneumatic drive compressor

In the housing, in a convenient place, 10 mm lower than the center of the crankshaft, a hole is drilled for filling the oil. A thread is cut under the cork. From the bottom of the channel, a threaded hole is made for the oil drain plug. From the side opposite the pulley, a fitting with an oil-resistant hose or tube is screwed into the bearing cover, which is connected to a container that acts as an expansion reservoir for lubricant and a breather. You can use the clutch reservoir for brake fluid from the VAZ. It is located opposite the cylinder head of the unit. To install the fitting, the intake valve of the vehicle line is unscrewed.

They change the crankshaft lubrication system: they drill 2 countersunk holes in each connecting rod with liners in the assembly at the transition point from the rod to the lower head of the connecting rod. One is drilled into the connecting rod caps. For holes D 3mm, countersink 10mm, drilling direction - to the center of the shaft. You will need to disassemble the compressor - remove the head, unscrew the connecting rods. The resulting holes will provide the liners with splash lubrication. The cylinders are lubricated during operation due to the oil mist that forms.

The unloader of the unit (soldier) remains factory - it will allow you to adjust the pressure at which the unit will turn off. The discharge tube must be connected to the flow receiver (if there is more than one). The pressure gauge and overload valve are also recommended to use automotive.

To turn off the engine at idle speed of the compressor with your own hands, you can provide for automatic on-off. Between the unloading channel and the pressure regulator of the automotive unit, you will need to insert a threshold pressure sensor - a VK12B brake light switch from UAZ, GAZ, and so on. Its catalog number is 40P-37210010. The control circuit will become simpler if a pressure sensor is found, the contacts of which open when pressure is applied. In order for the self-assembled compressor to work more smoothly, a balanced flywheel should be installed on the pulley of the automotive unit.

For normal operation, no cooling system is required - when operating at constant speed, the unit rarely heats up to more than 60 ° C. On his car working temperature 90°C, but also 120°C are not critical. In case of intense operation, an evaporative type cooling system can be made. A 4-5 liter container is installed above the level of the head, the hoses are connected on the compressor to the inlet-outlet for the coolant. This will keep the temperature below 100°C.

Nowadays, you can buy any tool, any mechanism. However, all this costs a lot of money.

For the economic needs of the technical school where I teach, I needed a compressor. But the price range for Chinese-made compressors (far from best quality) started from eight thousand rubles and grew depending on the improved technical characteristics of the unit.

A two-cylinder air pump-supercharger from a decommissioned ZIL-130 car was taken as a basis, in other words, they took a compressor from ZIL-130. Other components were used from very different, also decommissioned equipment. The receiver with a volume of 60 liters - from the IFA truck (there was one, made in the GDR). An electric motor with a power of 3 kW with a speed of 1500 per minute - from the pumping station.

Compressor piston electrical installation:
1- air pump-supercharger (from the car ZIL-130); 2 electric motor (from a metal-cutting machine. N=3 kW. p=І500 rpm); 3 - oil pump (from a metal-cutting machine); 4 receiver (from the IFA truck, V = 60 l); 5 - oil filter (from the E-150 tractor); 6 - air filter-sump; 7 - valve; 8 oil cooling radiator (or ZIL-130 car); 9 - compressor crankcase; 10 - air duct; 11 - air pressure gauge; 12 - tee; 13 - oil pressure gauge; 14 oil line; 15 - "return"; 16 - oil line to the compressor; 17 wheel (2 pcs.); 18 - inlet and outlet hoses to the cooling radiator: 19 automatic AP; 20 - pressure regulator; 21 - drive pulley (electric motor); 22 - driven pulley (pump); 23 - driven pulley (compressor); 24 - air filter; 25 - oil distributor: 26 oil line fitting: 27 - adjusting screw MKhI; 28 - gasket (rubber); 29 - locking screw M8x1; 30 - breather

To clean the oil, an oil filter was used, which was installed on the engine of the T-150 tractor.

Drive unit oil pump and the crankshaft of the air pump (supercharger) is carried out by means of a V-belt transmission. The toothed belt and pulley streams have profile A. As you know, the ZIL-130 compressor is lubricated and cooled from the corresponding vehicle engine systems, and therefore we had to solve two problems: autonomously “lubricate” and “cool” the air pump-supercharger. For lubrication, a gear pump was installed from the emulsion supply station lathe. But since this pump has a rather large capacity - about 5 l / min., I had to design a mini-distributor, which sends most of the oil to the "return". The pressure of part of the oil entering the compressor is controlled by a manometer. The cooling of the air pump-supercharger is liquid (first antifreeze was poured, and then water) by means of a radiator, which was used as the "stove" of the GAZ-53 car. Continued operation of the compressor has shown the efficiency of the cooling and lubrication system.

Homemade parts for the compressor: pan (made of 2 mm steel sheet two millimeters thick), compressor drive pulley and oil distributor. The compressor frame is welded from a corner with dimensions of 50x50 mm. A receiver is attached to it with clamps - a pressure vessel, and welding is not desirable here. To regulate the pressure in the receiver is installed safety valve("breather") from the pneumatic system of the ZIL-130 car.

Purifies the compressed air from foreign suspensions filter-sump from the NB-18 machine (guillotine shears).
The maximum pressure created by the unit is -1.2 MPa (12 atm.), And if you maintain a pressure of 0.5 MPa in the system, then it can work for several hours without stopping.

The compressor was made in just three days, and the cost of it at the present time turned out to be quite small - about two thousand rubles.

Make a compressor with your own hands video

The best basis for creating with your own hands is the ZIL 130, the compressor of which is structurally most suitable for this. For body painting, the use of a compressor is important, as it improves the quality and strength of the applied layer, and increases productivity. In addition, it can be used to inflate tires, supply air to pneumatic tools.

Due to the considerable cost of the compressor, it is not advisable to purchase a device for a “one-time” painting of your car, and not everyone can afford it. Home craftsmen are capable of making such a device with their own hands.

Make it yourself or buy a ready-made device

Today's market for pressure boosting and air injection devices is replete with variety. For various purposes, screw, piston and other types of compressors are produced. Those who have made a choice in favor of a ready-made device should choose the type of mechanism with the required technical characteristics and at the best price.

Of the variety of products offered, of course, it is better to choose products famous brands. Their main disadvantage is their high cost. Big money spending will pay off only when you practice professional repair cars.

If you buy a cheap device of an unknown brand, you need to be prepared for unpleasant surprises. Inexpensive products are often made of poor quality material, the engine fails, and warranty repair lasts several months.

A do-it-yourself unit made from Zilovsky (ZIL 130) is considered by many craftsmen to be more reliable. According to numerous reviews, such a device has good performance, strength, wear resistance.

In addition, a repair kit for a Zilovsky compressor can be bought at every auto parts store. A self-made high-quality device that works for a long time and works properly will delight its owner and become the envy of many motorists.

After studying the instructions for making a device from the ZIL 130 compressor with your own hands, we can conclude: buy a pig in a poke or make the device yourself.

Step-by-step instructions for making a paint compressor from Zilovsky

To create a device that pumps air, compressors are used:

• ZIL 130;
• ZIL 157;
• KamAZ;

The KamAZ device has good performance, is durable and reliable, but requires serious improvement, and GAZ, MTZ are inefficient. Therefore, for the manufacture of a device that pumps air, many people choose a Zilovsky unit with their own hands.

Consider an example of such an assembly. Let's take as a basis the ZIL 130 compressor, a propane cylinder of 50 liters. For a network of 220 volts, a 2–3 kilowatt motor is needed, when using 3 phases, the power may be less. The frame is made of a steel corner; bolts, self-tapping screws, sealant, clamps are required for fastening.

For a car enthusiast who has little experience in welding and metalwork, it will not be difficult to make an air injection device based on the ZIL 130 compressor with your own hands if you follow our recommendations.

The compressor is a universal unit, which has found a fairly wide application, both in large-scale production and in small workshops. It is also installed on various vehicles and special equipment. That is why the question of how to create a Zilovsky compressor is of great interest to many craftsmen who want to save on the purchase of this device.

household purpose

To begin with, it should be said that such products will not be very productive, and their manufacture may require high costs. However, there are many application options that make you look for material on how to make a compressor with your own hands from a Zilovsky compressor.

• First of all, such a device is perfect for inflating car tires.
• Also, a similar unit can be used to work with some low-power pneumatic tools.
• Most often, these products are used in workshops for applying paint to the surface. The fact is that in the presence of a volumetric receiver, they can work for quite a long time and create the pressure necessary for this.
• Some specialists use such units in blacksmithing and in other industries. The main thing that specifications matched the given parameters.

Car compressor

Novice craftsmen often ask the question of why this particular part is worth purchasing in order to create a compressor with your own hands. they consider the car obsolete, and the units that are installed on it are worn out. However, it is immediately worth noting that in our country this particular part is the easiest to find, and its cost directly depends on the condition. At the same time, the simplicity of manufacturing this unit makes it possible to produce elementary repair and greatly simplifies maintenance.

It is also much easier to make a compressor with your own hands from a Zilovsky compressor than to use other products of this type for this. To perform elementary tasks, it will even practically not need to be redone. However, if long-term use or heavy loads are required, then some refinement will need to be done.

Necessary equipment

To create a compressor with your own hands from a Zilovsky compressor, it is necessary to resolve the issue of transmitting torque to the unit itself. You will also need an engine of a certain power and with a specific number of revolutions. Therefore, certain purchases are required.

In this case, special attention should be paid to the receiver. It is selected in accordance with the tasks assigned to the product. At the same time, a pressure gauge and a safety valve are installed on it, which will be responsible for the required pressure.

Torque transmission

When a compressor is made by hand from a Zilovsky compressor, a very important decision must be made about how power will be transferred from the engine to the unit itself. At the same time, some masters prefer to connect directly, believing that this way they will not lose the number of revolutions and power. However, it is worth remembering that for such methods of implementing connections, you need to have quite powerful engine. Therefore, most often use a belt drive.

When they make a compressor with their own hands, they usually try to connect the Zilovsky compressor to the engine through a gearbox. So you can get a pretty good effort during the initial start-up or if there is pressure in the receiver. However, the cost of a good gearbox is quite high, and option c can be considered the most optimal.

Engine

If we assemble it with our own hands, then it is very important to choose the right power unit, which will be as close as possible to the operating parameters of the device. In this case, they usually look at the rotation speed. It should be at least 2000 rpm, since it is this parameter that will create maximum pressure and enable the structure to work in a gentle mode.

The selection of power is suitable separately. The fact is that the cost very often directly depends on this parameter. It is generally accepted that for such compressors a power of 1 kW is sufficient. However, this justifies itself if the unit is planned to be used for a short time and without heavy loads. Therefore, more powerful products are most often used.

Receiver

They usually try to make a typical iron-based compressor from ZIL 130 compact and mobile. Therefore, it simply does not make sense to use large and voluminous receivers. Also, you should not purchase these elements of the unit separately, since you can always create them yourself. To do this, you can use almost any metal container. In this case, it is best to use gas cylinders or old fire extinguishers.

It should be noted right away that further refinement of the receiver will be required. It will need to install a pressure gauge and pressure regulator. Usually, a separate unit with a gearbox is purchased, which is installed at the inlet to the tank. It is also very important to install the back pressure valve. It is adjusted to the optimal mode of operation of the future product with a certain margin of 10-15%.

Refinement of the compressor

Even if it is planned to make an ordinary garage compressor from a ZIL compressor, then the unit itself will need to be slightly modified.

• First of all, it is necessary to create cooling. The fact is that such units overheat during their work and as a result of this, not only productivity, but also the service life decreases. Therefore, the connecting rods should be drilled, and an oblique tube is installed in the bottom cover.
• To control the oil level, it is necessary to install a transparent filter at the outlet of the crankcase. It also makes sense to put a moisture separator, which you can make yourself from a small fire extinguisher.
• Separately installed and a tank with oil. At the same time, it should immediately be noted that it will be used as an expansion tank and will help normalize the pressure in the system.

To date, there is simply a huge number of various improvements that are aimed at increasing productivity and service life. All of them usually refer to and transmission of torque. However, the final choice always depends directly on the purpose of the final product.

Assembly

First, it is worth making a bed, on which the compressor will be installed with your own hands. ZIL 130 has certain seats for this unit, which must be transferred to the frame. So you do not have to make additional holes in the compressor itself, and it will be possible to use an additional shock absorption system.

Next, the engine is mounted on the frame. In this case, the fixation is carried out in a rigid position, at a distance necessary for the implementation of the transmission of torque. The receiver and other elements that can be connected through hoses can be placed separately. Sometimes it is easier to connect them at the place of work, so as not to weigh down the bed itself.

• If a compressor is made from Zilovsky, the tools will need to be selected very carefully. You will need to have a drill, a welding machine, a set of keys and much more. There may also be situations where some types of work are easier to do in the factory or with the help of special machines.
• To create shock absorbers when fixing all units to a bed or a supporting frame, it is best to use rubber gaskets or inserts. However, it is worth remembering that with intensive use they wear out quickly and you should always have spare ones.
• When buying a compressor, you need to be very careful, because appearance product does not indicate the state of its internal components and assemblies. It simply will not work to check the product on the spot, which means that such a purchase should be made only from trusted sellers.
• If you do not solve the problem with overheating of the compressor, then it must be operated in a gentle mode. So it will last much longer, although this may cause some inconvenience in work. That is why the unit is selected for specific needs.
• You can install a pressure gauge with special contacts on the product, which are connected to the electrical circuit for starting the engine. This automates the operation of the device, and will also reduce the likelihood of rapid overheating.
• The electrical circuit for connecting the compressor to the electrical circuit directly depends on the type of engine selected. At the same time, you should not come up with workarounds for starting the primary winding so as not to lose power. This will affect the operation of the product if there is residual pressure in the receiver, even if there is a check valve and a fairly powerful engine.

Conclusion

When assembling a Zilovsky compressor with your own hands, it should be remembered that this work will require the performer to be able to handle different tool and compliance with the technique of processing all kinds of details. It is also worth remembering that the purchase of certain units will lead to costs, which means that before starting work, you should carefully evaluate all costs and compare them with your capabilities. The fact is that with intensive use of such a compressor, it lasts only a couple of years.

A compressor is required for the ZIL-130 brake system. The principle of operation of the modification is based on air injection. This happens in a closed pneumatic system. The device of this series is installed to the right of the motor. In order to disassemble the ZIL-130 compressor in detail, the technical characteristics must be considered. However, first of all, it recommends that you familiarize yourself with the device of the mechanism.

Compressor ZIL-130: device and model operation

The principle of operation of the compressor is built on the pumping of air. This is achieved through the movement of the pistons. The standard modification includes a wired crankcase that has channels. There is an oil seal in the central chamber of the system. A spring is installed to operate the supercharger. To prevent damage to the compressor from high pressure, there is a seal. A rod is also involved in the device. When it is retracted, air enters the valve.

Detailed modification parameters

The ZIL-130 compressor has the following: working volume - 214 cubic meters. centimeters, the capacity is 210 liters. The power consumption of the presented modification is no more than 2.1 kW. The maximum speed is 2 thousand revolutions per minute. Inside the pneumatic system, the pressure is maintained at around 740 kPa. The ZIL-130 compressor (market price) costs 22 thousand rubles.

Crankcase modification

Carter on air compressor ZIL-130 is installed with a rocker arm. Directly in front of the device there is a special shaft. As a rule, it is lubricated only at the base. The main problem of the crankcase lies in the wear of the struts. To correct this situation, you can disconnect the plug. Next, you need to inspect the drive shaft. To replace the crankcase, the cover is completely removed. In case of problems with the shaft, only the front part of the rocker arm is disconnected.

Delivery mechanism

The injection mechanism in the device is made in a very compact size. According to experts, the device can withstand high pressure. Thus, the price for the ZIL-130 compressor is quite justified. The saddle in the device has two outputs. The specified part does not come into contact with the rocker arm.

The injection mechanism is connected to the crankcase through a tube. The shaft of the model uses a small diameter. At its base there are two rings and lubricant for the ZIL-130 compressor. A short plug is installed at the end of the shaft. The exhaust valve at the supercharger is used with a protective sleeve. If there are problems with the air supply, the blower outlet is checked first. Next, the cap is unscrewed and the valve is completely cleaned. The next step, experts recommend checking the spring, as there is a lot of pressure on it.

crankshaft device

The crankshaft in this case is connected to the crankcase. The outlet channel is used with a small diameter. Cylinders on the ZIL-130 compressor are installed on the sides. It should also be noted that there are two overlays on the underside of the modification. The shaft is fixed on the clamp. Additional attention deserves the fact that the guides of this compressor are installed on the left side. When the shaft is shorted, experts recommend inspecting the supercharger completely.

The crankcase is also checked, as it usually collects all the debris from the recycled oil. For the correct operation of the system, the pressure inside the unit is tested. It is also necessary to immediately clean all channels from the crankcase. This can be done using an ordinary ramrod. The seat is pre-lubricated. If the shaft is deformed, it must be replaced immediately. For spare parts ZIL-130 prices are quite reasonable. The tip of the part is welded on by hand.

plunger mechanism

The plunger mechanism of this compressor is used with a bearing row. Experts say that the part is able to withstand heavy loads at significant speeds. However, it is important to consider that the inlet valve needs to be cleaned frequently. In this case, the channel is quite often clogged. To check it, the crankcase is unscrewed. You will also have to remove the cover. An adjusting screw is used to adjust the plunger. A large screw can be installed when the overlay protrudes. In this case, it is necessary to select the appropriate protective ring. To solve the problems with erasing the lining, apply special means to seal the block. Some experts recommend periodically cleaning the tubules.

More motorists can expect problems with the base of the plunger. It is a regular plate, which is fixed on the thread. With a lot of shaking, the connection is broken pretty quickly. As a result, the plate begins to dangle. To correct this situation, it is recommended to first disconnect the cover. After that, it is important to immediately clean the outlet. The screw is loosened very slowly. In this case, you need to monitor the position of the bearing row.

Stuffing device

The stuffing box on the ZIL-130 compressor is installed with one seal. He uses a camera small size. At the bottom of the modification, two guides are installed. There are racks on the sides of the chamber. It should also be noted that there is one support in the upper part. The crankcase for the ZIL-130 compressor is placed on the right side.

Experts say that the oil seal does not need frequent maintenance. However, it should be borne in mind that the lining on the support can quickly wear off. In order to inspect them, only the front pillar is removed. Next, it is important to disconnect the block and the stuffing box plate. Then the master will be able to get the lining directly. If small cracks are visible on them, you can try using a sealant. However, experts recommend replacing them immediately with any deformation of parts.

Seal replacement

To do it yourself, it is important to carefully inspect the gland. As a rule, it collects a lot of soot. It should also be noted that the seals are erased due to overheating of the pad. This happens due to clogged tubules. To correct this situation, it is recommended to unscrew the protective cover of the compressor. After that, the rings are unscrewed. Then it remains only to push the rocker. New pads are installed on a well-cleaned surface. For new spare parts ZIL-130 prices are quite adequate.

Saddle inspection

The seat on the ZIL-130 compressor is installed under the discharge mechanism. To inspect it carefully, you need to remove the front connecting rod. After that, the piston moves directly. The next step is the protective cover. Its plate is fixed with four screws that can be unscrewed with a key. The cork in this case is screwed counterclockwise.

Then it remains only to get to the saddle, which is fixed on the nozzle. There should be an oil seal at the bottom of the device. In this case, the plate is checked separately. It is also worth inspecting the top of the saddle. It often collects soot. You can clean the case with gasoline. In this case, it is important not to damage the rocker.

Plunger repair

If the plunger breaks, compressor repair should begin by unscrewing the front crankcase. Next, the protective cover is unscrewed. After that, it is important to remove the two plates, which are clamped with rings. If they do not loosen, they can be knocked out a little with a hammer. The next step is to inspect the seal. As a rule, it accumulates a large number of mud.

If the supercharger is working properly, then everything inside the block should be clean. In this case, the valves are examined separately. To disconnect the plunger, it is recommended to use a large key. It is problematic to do this on your own due to the fact that it is necessary to constantly hold the piston. In this case, it is better to ask a friend for help.