Military ranks of the Russian Federation in order. Police (police) shoulder straps and ranks in pictures

02.07.2020

IN Russian Federation established two types military ranks military personnel - military and ship. Ship military ranks assigned to sailors of the surface and submarine forces of the Navy (Navy), naval military units of the internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the coast guard of the Border Service of the FSB of Russia. Military military ranks are assigned to other military personnel serving in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Russian Emergencies Ministry, the FSB, the SVR, the FSO, the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and other troops, military formations and bodies.

The prefix "guards" is applied to the military ranks of the military personnel of the guards units (for example, "guards major"). In relation to the military personnel of the legal and medical services, the words "justice", "medical service" are added, respectively. For military personnel who are in the reserve or retired, the words “reserve”, “retired” are added, respectively. Soldiers studying in a military educational institution vocational education, are called: those who do not have a military rank of officers - cadets, and those who have a military rank - listeners. Citizens who did not have a military rank before entering a military educational institution or who had the military rank of a sailor or soldier are assigned the military rank of cadet upon admission to study. Other military ranks assigned before entering a military educational institution of vocational education are retained.

The list of military ranks is established by the federal law of the Russian Federation "On military duty and military service".

Colors and types of shoulder straps

Soldiers, sergeants, foremen, warrant officers (except for the Navy)

Ceremonial tunic and winter coat - sewn-on shoulder straps of red color (in aviation, airborne forces, aerospace defense forces - blue, in tank, artillery, anti-aircraft missile, automobile, engineering, topographic, technical, road troops, strategic missile forces, troops communications, radiation, chemical and biological protection, fuel service - black) color.
Front shirt (green) - similar in color to the shoulder straps on the front tunic, but removable.

Ensigns (except Navy)

Parade tunic and winter coat - sewn-on epaulettes of a khaki color, red edging on the sides (in aviation, airborne, space forces- blue, in tank, artillery, anti-aircraft missile, automobile, engineering, topographic, technical, road troops, strategic missile troops, communications troops, radiation, chemical and biological protection, fuel service - black) color.
Parade shirt (green) - similar in color to the shoulder straps on the parade tunic, but removable and without piping.
Field uniform - removable camouflage shoulder straps.

Officers (except Navy)

Ceremonial tunic - sewn-on shoulder straps of golden color, on the sides there is a red edging (in aviation, airborne forces, space troops - blue) color.
Everyday tunic, winter coat, woolen jacket, demi-season jacket, summer raincoat - false epaulettes of a protective color with red edging on the sides (in aviation, airborne forces, space troops - blue) color. On an everyday tunic and a winter coat - shoulder straps are sewn on, on other items - removable.
Casual shirt (green) - removable shoulder straps in khaki without piping.
Dress shirt (white) - removable shoulder straps white color without edging.
Field uniform - removable camouflage shoulder straps.

Sailors, foremen and midshipmen of the Navy

The ceremonial tunic and winter coat are gray-black shoulder straps with squares in a checkerboard pattern.
Ceremonial shirt (beige for midshipmen. For sailors and foremen - not provided) - similar in color to shoulder straps on the front tunic, but removable.
Casual clothes (sailors, foremen) - a blue shoulder strap (or blue with a silver edging) with a yellow letter "F" and yellow stripes, respectively, rank.

Navy officers

Ceremonial tunic - sewn-on shoulder straps of golden color, black edging on the sides.
Everyday tunic, winter coat - black shoulder straps with yellow edging on the sides.
Casual shirt (beige) - detachable shoulder straps beige colour without edging.
Dress shirt (white) - removable shoulder straps of golden color without fringing.

Shoulder straps

Soldiers and sailors

On shoulder straps they do not have any insignia.

Sergeants and foremen

They have insignia in the form of cloth galloons - stripes. Stripe colors:

Field uniform - khaki;
Everyday and dress uniforms are yellow;

Ensigns and midshipmen

They have insignia in the form of small stars arranged vertically. Shoulder straps are similar to officer's, but without gaps and may have edges

officers

junior officers

One vertically located strip - clearance. Asterisks metal, small (13 mm). There is no clearance on the field shoulder straps.

Senior officers

Two gaps and larger metal stars (20 mm). There is no clearance on the field shoulder straps.

Senior officer corps

Large vertically embroidered stars (22 mm), no gaps.
General of the Army, Admiral of the Navy- one large embroidered star with a diameter of 40 mm (From February 22, 2013)

Marshal of the Russian Federation

It has one very large embroidered star (40 mm) against the background of radially diverging silver rays forming a pentagon, and the coat of arms of Russia (without a heraldic shield).

To figure out what ranks are, what they are issued for, or at least how they look, you need to serve in the army. At the OBZh school, boys are forced to learn them by heart, but it’s so easy to get confused in them that it’s better not to even suffer. In this article, we will try to explain in a simple way and help you understand all the ranks, how they look and what they give.

All ranks in the Russian army - from junior to senior

Knowing all the ranks in ascending order, you can easily understand who you are addressing or who is addressing you. In Russia there are only two types of military ranks, these are military and naval. Ship ranks usually include sailors:

Coast security;
naval military units;
surface and submarine forces.

Military titles include all other people serving in military units:

Armed forces;
other military units and bodies.

Now let's decide what ranks are - from smallest to largest. There are only a few subspecies of titles:

Non-commissioned title.
Officer title.

Non-officer titles include privates, corporals, junior sergeants, "middle" sergeants, senior sergeants, foremen, warrant officers, and senior warrant officers. In the ship type: sailors, senior sailors, foremen in the second and first articles, chief foremen, chief ship foremen, warrant officers and senior warrant officers.

Military ranks		Ship ranks
junior officers	Ensign	Ensign
	lieutenant	lieutenant
	senior lieutenant	senior lieutenant
	captain	captain
senior officer corps	major	third level captain
	lieutenant colonels	second level captain
	colonels	first class captain
senior officers	major generals	rear admirals
	lieutenant generals	vice admirals
	colonel generals	admirals
	army generals	fleet admirals
	Marshal of Russia	there is no analogue

All these titles are distinguished not only by their names, but also by the presence of shoulder straps. Each title has its own shoulder strap. Soldiers and sailors do not have any distinguishing marks. The sergeant and foreman have the so-called stripes - these are cloth galloons. In the army, they were nicknamed "snot". Ensign and midshipman wear vertical stars with piping, but without gaps, on shoulder straps. Officers differ in the number and size of stars.

In the first officer (junior) there is one strip, the so-called clearance, the stars must be made of metal and have a diameter of 13 mm. Senior officers have two stripes and stars 20 mm wide. The third officers, that is, the highest, have embroidered stars on shoulder straps of a rather large size (22 mm), they do not have stripes. Army generals and fleet admirals have one large embroidered star 40 mm wide on their shoulder straps. The marshal of the Russian Federation has one large embroidered star, like the generals of the army with a diameter of 40 mm, but silver rays diverging in different directions are added to it, which form a kind of pentagon. The coat of arms of the Russian Federation must be present in the background.

Now let's look at the faces of all the titles, that is, the people who lead the Russian army. It is worth noting that the Supreme Commander-in-Chief is the current President of the Russian Federation. It is generally accepted that the Supreme Commander-in-Chief is not a rank, but a position. It is this position that gives the right to be higher than the Marshal of the Russian Federation. The Minister of Defense has the right to be simultaneously commander-in-chief of the land and naval forces.

Interesting facts about the ranks in the army of the Russian Federation

Military ranks, which are assigned to the military personnel of the guards units, have the prefix "guards", that is, "guards lieutenant colonel".

Depending on which service the soldier belongs to (it can be a legal or medical service), either the word "justice" or "medical service" in the required case is added to the title.
For military personnel who are retired or in the reserve, the word “reserve” or “retired” is added to the rank, depending on the situation.
People who entered the military service and who study at a military school are divided into two groups: those who do not have a military title - cadets, as well as students.
Citizens who did not have a military title before entering a military school, or who had the title of a sailor or soldier when they enter an educational institution, have the rank of cadet. In other cases, all assigned titles upon admission are retained.
People who do military service receive titles only for good services to the state. Also, based on the statute for serving in military units, a specific period of time is determined, that is, the title can be obtained by:

sailors, soldiers - six months;
junior sergeants, foremen of the second article - 365 days;
sergeants and foremen of the first article, junior lieutenants - 2 years;
senior sergeants, chief foremen, warrant officers, midshipmen, lieutenants and senior lieutenants - 3 years;
captains, captain-lieutenants, majors and captains of the third level - 4 years;
lieutenant colonels, captains of the second level and the remaining military personnel - 5 years.

Very worth remembering important detail, a serviceman has the right to receive a title if there is a corresponding position in his unit.

Based on the new laws adopted in 2012, the titles of foreman and chief ship foreman are no longer assigned. However, they are still documented.
All titles that are assigned to military personnel must be written with a small letter.
The title of major is considered higher than the title of lieutenant, but major generals are lower in rank than lieutenant generals.
At the moment, in 365 days, a soldier has the right to receive the highest title - sergeant.

The article was updated on 01/08/2019.
Do you want to know what kind of police shoulder straps are? In fact, this is important in order to imagine who you are dealing with on the road or in the city, and in fact the title can only be determined by shoulder straps. Police representatives will not always give their rank and name with a surname, although this is mandatory.

Why understand the police (police) ranks?

Imagine you are driving down the road in a car and an inspector stops you. How to contact him if he did not introduce himself? You can just say "comrade policeman", but much better, of course, in rank. The same applies to situations on the street if you are walking. In general, knowing the ranks and shoulder straps is simply a must. Moreover, they have changed a little in appearance, after the militia was renamed the police.

Picture with shoulder straps

To make it easier to understand, see the picture below:

Here, for clarity, I divided the shoulder straps into two rows, so let's follow.
In the first row (top) from left to right we have the following titles:

Private police;
Lance Sergeant;
Sergeant;
Staff Sergeant;
Chief of Police;
Ensign of the police;
Senior Warrant Officer;

All this was a junior commanding staff, with the exception of the "private", of course. The second row is much more interesting, as the ranks of the middle and senior squads are represented here. Also from left to right, bottom row:

Junior lieutenant of police;
Lieutenant;
Senior lieutenant;
Police Captain;
Police Major;
Lieutenant colonel;
Police Colonel.

The last three belong to the senior commanding staff, the rest to the middle. Now you will be aware if an employee suddenly stops you and demands something from you. You can determine his rank by shoulder straps.

The highest commanding staff. Shoulder straps of generals

Many asked in the comments to supplement the article and add generals' shoulder straps. Fair remark. Although, of course, the general will not stop you on the street, but for general development, you need to know what his shoulder straps look like:

As you can see, they differ from ordinary shoulder straps in their unusual shape. Let's list what titles are presented here (from left to right):

Police Major General;
Police Lieutenant General;
Police Colonel General;
Police General of the Russian Federation;

Now you know everything about the ranks of the modern police. Share the link to this article with your friends, it will be useful to them.

In the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, in state administration and law enforcement agencies, there is a specially created system of military ranks and class ranks, which ensures the order of subordination and subordination in intrastructural relationships. Military ranks in the army and navy characterize the level of professional training, official position and degree of responsibility of a soldier. The class rank determines the status of a government official serving in the bodies of justice, qualifies their competence, position and place on the career ladder. With the help of military ranks and ranks, one can get an idea of the existing service hierarchy, of who in the public service is responsible for what and what powers are vested.

Military ranks for military personnel and class ranks

The army at all times has been a complex social and social mechanism, which is necessarily based on strict discipline, subordination and subordination. A person who is inside this complex structure must, in accordance with his abilities, level of professional knowledge and training, take the place allotted to him. This situation has always existed, starting from ancient times and the Middle Ages, ending with modern times. The modern armed forces of the Russian Federation are a vivid example of how important the system of military ranks is for managing a huge mechanism.

It should be noted that a certain order continues to be maintained with military ranks, inherited by the Russian armed forces since the time of Peter I. As in the old days, this order implies the presence of a horizontal and vertical structure that determines the social and social position of a military man, his professional affiliation and competence . The order looks like this:

The horizontal structure is military and naval ranks, which are assigned to military personnel depending on the length of service and position;
Vertical structure - showing the service hierarchy, i.e. who reports to whom in order of correspondence.

It is important to note that this principle applies to other government departments, organizations and services, providing the necessary controllability of the system. public service and the efficiency of its work. The tool for implementing the principle of subordination in this case are military ranks and shoulder straps. Ranks, classes and ranks are rather internal, psychological factors that determine the personal status of a serviceman and official to the military and to civil service. To approve this status at the social level, taking into account the existing hierarchy, shoulder straps and other insignia allow.

Military service presupposes a certain amount of service and authority, outlines a range of rights and obligations. At each stage of a military career, a person in uniform occupies a certain post or position, which are distributed in conditions of strict subordination. For the armed forces, military ranks and positions are decisive in the mechanism of subordination. For civilian structures, the determining factor of subordination is the position held. The title, class or rank means the level of qualification of a civil service employee, they are part of the information about the professional affiliation of an official, about his experience.

Civilian public services, paramilitary institutions and organizations of law enforcement agencies in Russia are guided by a system of special knowledge. At the prosecutor's office and investigating authorities, included in the structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, in the Federal Customs Service, in the Federal Migration Service and in the system of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, a system of special ranks has been introduced. The hierarchical table of ranks, which provides for the presence of special ranks, ranks and classes, determines the place of an employee in the system, the scope of his power and administrative powers and the level of professionalism.

In addition to military ranks assigned in order to employees of paramilitary departments, in some civilian departments there is a class rank, which is determined by the work experience, professional skills and competence of the official. This mechanism simplifies the ranking of officials, identifying the most deserving personnel. The class rank also determines the amount of salaries of civil servants, differentiates the system of benefits, the provision of material benefits and remuneration.

What are military ranks for military personnel?

The main difference between military ranks and ranks and classes that exist in the civil civil service hierarchy is the definition of subordination. Each person in military service is assigned a military rank. This may be a soldier or a sailor of military service, a civilian serving on a contract basis, command staff.

In the army and navy, each serviceman has certain powers, duties and rights, the range of which is largely determined by military rank. Shoulder straps, other insignia are carte blanche for a military man, indicating his powers, rights and duties. Assignment of military ranks occurs from the moment of changing the social and social status of a person and is associated with conscription for military service. The first military ranks - a soldier or a sailor, are assigned to a person from the moment the military oath is taken. The subsequent promotion is determined by the length of service and the level of professional training. For privates and sailors, the career ladder is limited by the service life. For officers, subsequent promotions are related to seniority, service compliance, experience and professional skills.

For persons who have chosen a military career for themselves and are studying at higher military educational institutions, the rank of cadet is awarded.

In accordance with the horizontal structure, the existing military ranks in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation clearly follow an ascending line. The military hierarchy assumes the following subordination, from the lower rank to the highest officer rank, from the rank and file to the officer class. The main contingent of any armed forces (Russia is no exception) is the private and sailor staff, which bears non-officer ranks. In this regard, the picture looks like this:

for the army - this is an ordinary, for the fleet - a sailor;
non-commissioned officers for the army, for the navy - foremen;
warrant officers for the army, for the navy this rank corresponds to midshipman.

All listed non-officer military ranks have their own insignia, which indicate a higher level, determined by the length of service and the position held. Promotion in rank is carried out by the Order of the immediate superior in accordance with the Regulations on military service. The same trend in rank and distinction persists among officer ranks, but this structure is more complex and hierarchical.

The assignment of the very first or next rank is within the competence of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief - the President of the Russian Federation. You can get another military rank for length of service. It takes into account personal and professional quality soldier. In addition, the next rank is assigned to an officer only if there is an appropriate position. This may be the same unit or other military unit or ship where there is a vacancy.

Since 2016, amendments to the Federal Law “On Military Duty and Military Service” and the law “On the Status of Military Personnel” come into force, which, before assigning the next military rank, provide for recertification for compliance with a new position. Similar measures are being introduced in relation to officials and civil servants of other departments and structures.

Military officer ranks depend on the type of troops, however, in the table of ranks for all the armed forces of Russia, for the army and navy, a single trend of promotion remains.

The rank of lieutenant in the army corresponds to the rank of lieutenant in the navy. Starting with the rank of captain, the division in the system of military ranks begins:

for the army a captain, for the navy a captain-lieutenant;
major in the army, captain of the 3rd rank in the navy;
a lieutenant colonel in the army structure corresponds to the rank of captain of the 2nd rank;
an army colonel is a captain of the 1st rank in the navy.

In order for a captain to become a major, it is necessary to serve four years with a decent track record. Only after four years a major can become a lieutenant colonel, who only after five years of impeccable service has a chance to put on the shoulder straps and insignia of a colonel.

The ranks of generals in the army structures correspond to the ranks of admirals in the navy. So the major general of the army is equal in rank to the rear admiral. An army lieutenant general has a similar position in the navy - vice admiral. Colonel General and General of the Army correspond to the highest naval ranks, Admiral and Admiral of the Navy.

To rise to high regalia and receive the highest military rank - Marshal of the Russian Federation, you must go through the entire career ladder from start to finish. This title is awarded only for great services to the Motherland. Persons who are applicants for promotion to the highest officer rank must not only have the necessary length of service, but also meet the non-service qualification. The only one in new history The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation Marshal was and remains Sergeev Igor Dmitrievich - Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation in 1997-2001.

The procedure for deprivation of military rank

The assignment of a military rank is an integral procedure, which is based on clearly established regulations and procedures. Traditionally, thousands of soldiers, sailors and officers receive new ranks in Russia every year. Persons undergoing military service become soldiers, corporals and sergeants. Sailors become foremen after a certain time. Every year, graduates of higher educational military institutions put on lieutenant shoulder straps. Senior officers receive promotions for seniority and as recognition of services to the army and navy.

Like assignment, deprivation of a military rank, deprivation of a special rank is also regulated by law. A military man, like a civilian, has his own rights of duty and bears the same degree of responsibility before the law. For a committed illegal act, which falls under the articles of the Criminal Code, servicemen are brought to trial. Yes, you can lose your military rank in the army and navy only by a court decision!

Such a measure of influence is an additional, psychological factor to the main punishment. The deprivation of military ranks, achievements and merit in the military field can be used in exceptional cases when it comes to the commission of grave and especially grave crimes by a person liable for military service. The procedure for depriving a special title, class rank or honorary awards looks similar.

Finally

It should be noted that the system of military ranks, ranks, ranks and classes used in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, in other paramilitary departments and structures of state power, makes it possible to maintain the order of administration and organization of the most complex state mechanisms. Subordination, clear subordination and service hierarchy are the three pillars on which the modern army, navy and state structures are based.