Gravilat hybrid planting and care. Gravilat - types and instructions for growing

Syn.: rivulet gravilate, snake root, devil's heads, vishnik, water incense, charm herb, mighty, odal grass, drooping grass, bells, dog's grass.

River gravilate is a herbaceous plant with brown-red erect stems and powerful brown rhizomes. The leaves of the river gravilate are tripartite, the flowers are reddish. River gravilate has a healing effect that is almost similar to urban gravilate.

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In medicine

River gravylate is a non-pharmacopoeial plant and is not used in official medicine, but traditional medicine considers this plant an effective remedy in the treatment of many diseases. Possessing anti-inflammatory, astringent, antiseptic, diuretic and diaphoretic, hemostatic and wound-healing properties, River Gravilat is close to Urban Gravilat (Geum urbanum) in its therapeutic effect. It is used for diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, flatulence, vomiting, some gynecological diseases, uterine and hemorrhoidal bleeding, helminthiasis, rickets, vitamin deficiency, joint diseases, gout, rheumatism, arthritis, skin tuberculosis. In folk medicine, decoctions of rhizomes and herbs are used for a wide variety of diseases. Decoctions of the herb gravilata are used as a tonic and restorative. It is also known to use river gravilate externally in the form of baths, lotions, and rinses to strengthen the gums and for diseases of the ENT organs.

Contraindications and side effects

Gravilate-based treatments are well tolerated and have no serious contraindications. However, you need to know that gravilate can increase blood clotting. Therefore, it is undesirable to use it for a long time for thrombophlebitis, as well as a tendency to thrombosis. Contraindications to the use of river gravilate are individual intolerance, pregnancy and lactation in women, and a tendency to develop allergies. People who have low blood pressure - hypotension - should take Gravilat with caution.

In cooking

The rhizomes of the plant contain aromatic bitterness and are edible. It is known to use the roots of gravilat as a spicy seasoning for food, similar to cloves. River gravilate leaves are suitable for preparing first courses, salads and purees.

On the farm

River gravilate is an excellent honey plant. The honey productivity of gravilat thickets is 70-80 kg/ha. In spring, young leaves and stems of the plant are used as vitamin feed for cattle. From the rhizomes of the plant you can obtain a red-brown dye for dyeing various fabrics.

In floriculture

In decorative floriculture, the variety "Leonardo Var" is popular, which is distinguished by large flowers ranging from pink to bronze in color. River gravel is propagated by seeds, as well as by dividing the bush. River gravel, like many wild and cultivated varieties, are not demanding on soil composition. The main condition for the successful cultivation of this plant is sufficient moisture. Some terry varieties of gravilata are covered for the winter.

River gravel looks great as a border, in combination with tall plants - peonies, phlox, bells.

Classification

River Gravilat or Stream Gravilat (lat. Geum rivale) is a species of perennial herbaceous plants of the genus Gravilat (lat. Geum). The genus numbers about 60 species. Belongs to the Pink family (lat. Rosaceae). River gravilate is used in medicine, since its chemical composition and therapeutic effect are similar to urban gravilate (lat. Geum urbanum).

Botanical description

River gravilate is a perennial herbaceous plant with a thick creeping, brown rhizome and a powerful, erect, slightly branched, dark reddish stem, up to 1 meter in height. When cut, the root of the river gravilate is slightly yellowish and has a characteristic “clove” smell. This smell is weaker than that of urban gravilate. The basal leaf blades are located on long petioles. They are complex pinnate and have several pairs of lateral leaves. The stem leaves are short-petiolate or sessile, tripartite, and have small ovoid stipules.

The flowers of the river gravilate are bell-shaped, bisexual, 5-membered, drooping, up to 1.5 cm in diameter. The perianth is double. Flowers develop on long stalks of 2-5 pieces, at the very top of an erect stem. The calyx is red-brown in color. The petals of the corolla are wide, narrowed into a long nail, pubescent, yellow in color with dark red veins. The plant blooms for up to 20 days from May to June.

The fruit of the gravilata is a red, clinging achene that ends in a hook. With the help of this device, the fruit is spread by animals and humans. Fruit ripening occurs from July to August.

Spreading

River gravilate is distributed throughout almost the entire territory of Europe and grows in Central Asia and North America. On the territory of the Russian Federation it is found in its European part, in the Far East, in the Caucasus, in Western and Eastern Siberia. It grows in deciduous forests on the edges, in meadows, in thickets of bushes, along the edges of swamps, on the banks of rivers and lakes on moist, fertile, slightly acidic soil.

River gravel is an endangered species, included in the Red Books of the Irkutsk and Saratov regions of Russia.

Regions of distribution on the map of Russia.

Procurement of raw materials

For medicinal purposes, the rhizome and aerial parts of river gravilate are harvested.

The collection of roots begins in late autumn or early spring before the plant’s growing season begins. The dug up rhizomes are well shaken off the ground, washed, and then dried in the fresh air. Dry in dryers at temperatures of 40-50 °C.

Gravilata grass is collected during the flowering period. Dry the stems under a canopy in the air or in dryers. Store dried raw materials in well-ventilated areas for no more than 1 year. During long-term storage, the aroma of the roots weakens and disappears.

Chemical composition

The rhizomes of the plant contain up to 22% tannins of the pyrogallol series, phenolcarboxylic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, saponins, catechins, alkaloids, large quantities of carbohydrates, red pigment, essential oil up to 0.1%, which contains eugenol. Young leaves contain up to 0.12% ascorbic acid, as well as up to 0.14% carotene. Up to 20% fatty oil was found in the seeds.

Pharmacological properties

The rhizomes of river gravilate have astringent, anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, wound-healing properties and can be used for many diseases: chronic colitis, uterine bleeding, nephritis and cystitis (Prof. L. A. Utkin and L. P. Sergievskaya). Gravilat roots have an anti-inflammatory effect, help normalize vascular permeability, and reduce swelling due to the presence of catechins in the composition. Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects are possible due to flavone glycosides in the plant roots. Decoctions and infusions of river gravylate can be recommended for respiratory diseases due to the presence of a considerable amount of ascorbic acid in the plant. Tannins are effective against pathological intestinal flora (salmonella, staphylococci), so river gravilate can be recommended in the treatment of diseases of the digestive system (Blinova, 1957).

Use in folk medicine

Possessing a unique composition and many beneficial properties, river gravilate is used in folk medicine. A decoction of the plant's rhizomes is known as an effective tonic after serious illnesses. A decoction of the roots of gravilat is used for endometriosis and hemorrhoidal bleeding. River gravity helps with malaria, insomnia, scurvy, migraines, bites of poisonous snakes and insects. A decoction of the roots, less often a decoction of the herb gravilata, is used for gargling for sore throats, laryngitis, stomatitis, and for baths for rheumatic exacerbations. Crushed fresh rhizomes of the plant can remove calluses. Infusions and decoctions of river gravilate have found use in diseases of the genitourinary system, as an expectorant for bronchitis and pneumonia. A tincture of gravilate roots is used for nervous disorders and insomnia.

In landscape design, modest, but at the same time sophisticated gravilate is widely used. This amazing perennial is used to decorate stone rockeries, alpine slides, as well as flower beds of various shapes, including flowerbeds. In the front garden it gets along well with carnations and bells. Velvet inflorescences of fiery red and yellow-orange stand out in contrast against the background of dark greenery. Growing this flower does not require academic knowledge. It is important for a gardener to understand the nature of a plant in order to make friends with it.

Landing nuances

At your dacha you should find a well-lit area that is heated by the sun for more than 8-10 hours a day. These are heat-loving crops and do not tolerate heavy shade. The basic principles of planting gravel and caring for it (photos and descriptions of varieties are given below) include the following:

1. Properly selected soil. Wet areas must be dried using special methods. Some people recommend making a mounded bed or buying varieties that like moisture. In the hole, it is necessary to make drainage from stones or expanded clay. When digging the area, the soil should be mixed with sand.
2. Distance between bushes. It should be between 15 and 20 cm so that the leafy rosette can develop freely.
3. Maximum distance of roots from groundwater. In overly moist soil, the root system begins to rot, and gray mold also appears.

Diseases and pests generally do not affect this member of the Rosaceae family. Moreover, the bushes are very easy to propagate in your garden. It is enough to sow the seeds in a container in the spring (March), and in the last days of April, transplant the seedlings into open ground. It is worth considering that the threat of frost still remains, so the sprouts need to be covered. For these purposes they use

• agrofibre;
• film;

However, the young growth will only shed color the next year. The second method of propagation is dividing the bushes. In spring or early autumn, you need to dig up the bush and carefully divide it into two parts. Before planting, pour water into the hole to prevent the roots from wilting.

If necessary, it is important to reduce the acidity of the soil. To do this, add several parts of wood ash to it.

Features of care

Although gravilat cannot be called a capricious plant, it still needs to be regularly fed with minerals and. You can add potassium phosphate substrates, peat, manure or leaf humus, as well as nitrophoska (three in one - nitrogen, potassium and sodium). In addition, it is important to provide the flower with favorable conditions:

• water as the soil dries out;
• loosen the soil, removing weeds;
• clean the bush of dried leaves and peduncles.

However, much depends on the type of culture. There are varieties that are frost resistant. Other species live comfortably in lightly shaded gardens. For still others, river valleys are their favorite place. Therefore, you need to get to know each of them personally.

In winter, the greens must be cut off at the root and the bed covered with mulch. Dried leaves, as well as pine or Christmas tree needles (layer up to 10 cm) will provide reliable protection against severe frosts.

Rod Gravilat

In total, there are about fifty species of this exquisite flower on the globe. And only 20 varieties of gravilat are classified as herbaceous plants that are used for planting in open ground. Of these, only 7 can be found in Russia, which are adapted for cultivation in temperate and cold latitudes. The European climate is also suitable for some varieties of this genus.

Urban

In many countries it is called St. Benedict's herb. The flowering period of urban gravilate lasts about four months - from May to August. Miniature flowers, 2 cm in diameter, resemble the sun thanks to 5 bright yellow petals. The terry center is of the same shade, but in some specimens it has a brown edging made of small stamens. The entire stem is covered with delicate fibers. The leaves are collected in a triple rosette, which is mounted on long roots.

The height of the wild plant varies from 40 to 80 cm, which makes it possible to use urban gravilat for decorating rectangular flower beds. Here are the main points in growing:

1. Frost and drought resistant.
2. Do not tolerate overly moist (swampy) soils with a high salt content.
3. Planting is carried out with seeds in early spring.
4. The width between the beds should be more than half a meter.

It has been scientifically proven that the roots of the plant have medicinal and antidote properties. At the same time, many housewives add it as a spice to soups and alcoholic drinks (wine or ale).

You should not bury the seeds deep into the ground; it is enough to deepen them 1.5-2 cm. Then the shoots will appear earlier, in 2-3 weeks.

River

Unlike most of its “relatives”, the river gravilat gets along well in damp and slightly shaded areas. These can mainly be:

• damp banks of ponds, swamps and rivers;
• clayey, sandy or silty soils;
• fields or meadows with nutritious soil;
• bushes and forests.

In most cases, it tolerates acidic as well as limestone areas. This is one of the few varieties that perfectly adapts to the most unfavorable conditions. Starting from the May holidays and ending with everyday life in September, purple avens (as the Americans call it) delights gardeners with its carmine-red blooms.

Leaves in neutral and slightly acidic soils begin to change color. Violet veins protrude from them. This can be used when creating original landscape design.

Such herbaceous plants for open ground grow up to one meter, while river gravilate is able to independently fertilize the soil around itself. Ripe stamens serve as a kind of organic feeding for it.

Chilean

The name eloquently suggests where this variety comes from. Thanks to Chilean gravilate, breeders have developed many other varieties of crops, among which the following are popular:

These cute flowers will decorate the garden for about one or two months. The buds begin to bloom on the 15th of May. By mid-July, fruits form on 60-centimeter stalks. The favorable temperature for seed germination is 15 degrees. The seedlings in the box need to be thinned out so that the flower becomes larger.

As soon as the temperature outside drops to +6°C, the front garden must be covered with agrofibre.

Prirucheiny

At one time, botanists crossed Chilean and scarlet gravilate, and the result was a rivulet variety. Its flowers look like bells, bent down, as if from hard work. The coloring of this variety will appeal to many lovers of burgundy tones, because the stems of the crop are made in exactly this shade. They elegantly display yellow petals with a terry center. In other varieties there are pink and even white inflorescences that have a paniculate or corymbose shape. Dense leaves imitate dissected feathers or blades. The height of rivulet grass reaches 0.7 m, so this variety of herbaceous plants is most suitable for open ground.

Luxurious flowering will only happen if the bush is in an open area. During the flowering season, it needs large portions of sunlight. However, on hot days, only the root should be watered abundantly, and not the entire area, so as not to create a greenhouse effect. It is advisable to trim the bush, then it can grow wider.
Such curly exhibits will become an original decoration.

It is advisable to add peat, wood ash, dolomite flour, sand and vegetable humus to the soil. Experts recommend treating the soil with fungicidal preparations before planting.

Hybrid

Inflorescences reach 3 cm in diameter. They are often yellow, red and orange. Moreover, the stamens of each type look like scatterings of amber jewelry. The leaves, located on long stems, have a wrinkled structure and are strewn with almost imperceptible hairs. Contrasting veins are clearly visible on each of them. The serrated and slightly wavy edge gives the leaves a luxurious appearance. At the roots, they are collected into a compact but relatively dense rosette.
Hybrid gravilate has many bred varieties, among which the following are popular:

• Princess Juliana;
• Prince of Orange;
• Gladys Perry;
• Dolly North;
• J Bradshaw;
• Ruby.

You can admire these double blooms on dense stalks for almost two months: May and June. If the weather is warm in September, the bush will again throw out a batch of young buds.
Growing and caring for the hybrid gravilate is no different from the Chilean one, since it is derived from it.

Autumn planting should be done long before frost. The seedling must become well established and rooted so as not to freeze when the temperature drops.

Fire ball

Fireball differs from other representatives of the Pink Gravilat family by its caustic red hue. Although there are varieties of acid orange color. Large double flowers perfectly decorate unsightly borders of front gardens.
Picking plays an important role in sizing the variety. After sowing the seeds in a container, you need to wait until a few leaves appear, and then separate them and transplant them into a new container.

Bushes should be divided 1-2 times every four years. They should be planted 20 cm apart. If possible, trim the stems to give the bush more volume.

Terry

Its official name is Red Dragon. This variety of terry gravilata is a favorite of many summer residents because the flower has a three-dimensional shape. The petals are arranged in several rows, which gives the plant a chic look.
An unusually flashy shade of red flowers looks great on alpine slides. When caring for the crop, you should enrich the soil with humus. To prevent the soil from being too wet, the flowerbed can be raised a couple of centimeters above ground level. Among other things, you need to apply the basic recommendations for this type.

The conclusion follows from this. An outwardly unattractive flower, with proper care, can become an amazing exhibit in a modern garden.

The perennial flower grows from 30 to 80 cm in height. The flowers have bell-shaped single and collected inflorescences. Flowering begins in late spring and ends in mid-summer. The plant is distributed in damp meadows, rivers and lakes, and forest edges. The grass grows abundantly in temperate climates in the north.

River gravel should be considered a separate plant. A straight and round stem of a dark red hue, overgrown with fibers. Such species are rarely found in nature, since the color of the stem with the measured green color of the leaves remains in the memory for a long time.

Bright red gravilate is quite common and has a beautiful color and brightness. Nature did not ignore the plant and endowed it with unique characteristics. Drooping flowers are a device thanks to which the flower completely avoids moisture getting inside and is therefore well pollinated.

Of particular interest are fruits or achenes covered with dense hairs. Such nuts with a long curled nose attach well to animal fur and even human clothing. They are transported over various distances. The fruits ripen in early summer and finish their ripening in early autumn. Urban gravity is a little different from steppe, but they have a lot in common.

Chemical composition of the plant

River gravity has its own unique chemical composition. The roots contain essential oils and glycosides, the use of which is effective in the manufacture of medicines. Carbohydrates and flavones have antimicrobial effects and strengthen capillary walls. Additionally, the roots contain vitamin C and folic acid.

Plant types:

1. River grass is a common flower, distributed in valleys near rivers and lakes. It is a frequent visitor to wet areas, sometimes forming thickets near river beds and other impressive areas. River gravel comes from the Caucasus, Siberia, Asia, and reproduces by seed. During flowering it is popular among bees seeking pollen for nectar.
2. Urban gravilate is a perennial plant common in any area. It is a grass up to 80 cm high with a thick creeping rhizome. The stem is straight, strong, and has soft white stripes in the upper part. Urban gravilate does not grow in the city; it can more often be found in rural areas, under fences and along roads. It is a frequent visitor to forests and parks. Urban gravilate is distributed almost everywhere, it is impossible not to notice it due to its bright flowering.
3. The hybrid gravilate was obtained by crossing the Chilean type of plant and the bright red river one. This plant has a number of pleasant qualities because it is cultivated. Terry gravilate is quite similar to this type and is included in this subspecies.
4. Chilean Gravilate - has high and widespread medicinal properties, used in medical applications. Can be used in cooking. Many housewives and famous chefs use Chilean gravilate in salads, and the roots for making spices. The plant is classified as a perennial herbaceous plant. Chilean Gravilat looks like a poppy, has a height of up to 65 cm, and has bright green leaves. Flowering starts in mid-summer and lasts for 2 months. The flower has a bright red color, collected in inflorescences.

Application of gravilate and beneficial properties

Despite its beautiful appearance, the plant also turns out to be useful for humans and animals. In the summer, horses and cows actively feed on it; in nature reserves, beavers feast on it. The plant can also be used for human food; it is now popular to use young fresh leaves. This plant gives pureed soups a special aroma and taste. The unusual name of the plant is translated from Greek as “delicious.”

River gravity is used in folk medicine. The plant has great healing power. For medicinal purposes, mainly only the roots are used, which are dug, washed and dried in the sun. Dry roots smell pleasant and resemble cloves. In popular beliefs, this herb is revered. The roots are used to make amulets that are supposed to protect against diseases and the evil eye.
Not so long ago, Chilean gravilate was part of many medications; now such use is prohibited in Russia.

In decorative floriculture, Chilean gravilate is used and bright red creates a beautiful background. Gardeners have many of these plants because they add unforgettable flowers to the flower garden.

What does Gravilat treat?

The use of the plant is advisable in the medical field. It has a hemostatic, analgesic and general strengthening effect on the body. River gravity is actively used for:

• inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract;
• liver diseases;
• bleeding;
• tuberculosis;
• inflammation of the mouth and throat;
• dysentery;
• fever;
• headache;
• joint and muscle diseases.

The use of the flower is effective for many diseases, abrasions, and hemorrhoids. The plant is amazing and has a unique effect on the human body.

Contraindications for use

The use of the plant has always been quite easy, since the flower does not have any adverse reactions. Despite this, like all drugs, there are contraindications for use:

• If you have increased blood clotting, it is prohibited to use the plant;
• for thrombosis and low blood pressure, the plant is also not used;
• the flower should not be used for prolonged constipation;
• pregnancy and lactation period.

Since the plant contains a large amount of tannins. Moments of overdose are impossible; you need to choose the right recipe for tinctures, decoctions and even salads. It is better to first consult with a doctor who will help you understand whether the use of the flower is necessary in your case and, if so, in what dosage.

Flower gravilat, which is also commonly called avens, is a genus of 50 species of perennial rhizomatous plants of the Rosaceae family. This species is distributed throughout Europe, Asia, North and South America, as well as Africa and New Zealand.

Some species are critically endangered or very vulnerable in their natural habitat. According to its characteristics, gravilat is very closely related to two more species - cinquefoil and strawberry.

The main varieties of gravilat - "Lady Stratheden" and "Mrs. J. Bradshaw" received the Royal Horticultural Society Award.

Native Americans use the boiled roots of the Gravilat triflorum variety to make tea. Also used medicinally for application to wounds and in the treatment of sore throats.

From a basal rosette of leaves, the gravilat flower produces flowers in red, yellow and orange hues on stiff stems in midsummer. The plant is evergreen except in places where the temperature drops below -18°C.

The flower has a creeping, blackish and slightly woody root that grows deep in the ground along with numerous fibers. The stems are straight and reach two meters in height (they are often slightly paniculate at the top).

Near the roots, the leaves are almost lyre-shaped. On the petioles they are already rounded with jagged edges. Leaf stems are few and reach only 3 mm in length.

The seeds are oval with a slightly hooked end. Flowers give the whole plant a feeling of lightness and airiness.

Caring for gravilate - everything is simple and complex at the same time

When organizing the care of gravity plant, you need to be prepared for the fact that the crop has increased requirements for the conditions of its habitat. Depending on the type, gravilat can be frost-resistant.

They are also differentiated by their need for light: some prefer full sun, while others prefer a little shade. Some grow happily in dry conditions, but most require additional moisture. When storing in winter, there is a risk that the gravilate will begin to rot, especially if the soil or storage area is very wet.

It adapts easily to any soil, but prefers neutral to slightly acidic soils. everything here is simple and complicated at the same time, since you need to create a neutral reaction of the soil with the appropriate irrigation regime.

During flowering, it may fall off and bloom again several times during the summer. Susceptible to some pests and diseases that can harm the gravilate.

Reproduction and planting of gravilat when grown from seeds

Planting gravilata when grown from seeds should be carried out using the seedling method at home. This allows for early and long flowering.

Grown in the front rows of large flower beds - as a border for the bushes - their low foliage and bright flowers on yellow stems are ideal for edging any flower bed. Gravilate triflorum is used as a natural primer.

It is recommended to plant the flower only on loose and well-drained soil, in which 2/3 should be sand. After which it is mixed with soil and gravilat seeds are grown in this soil. You can also add ash, but you will need much less of it than sand.

Since the plant loves the sun and light very much, the place for planting the gravilat should be appropriate - light partial shade or open sun. If you cut off the ground part of the flower before wintering, and then cover it with foliage or a layer of mulch, then the gravilate will survive all frosts perfectly.

The flower (with the exception of the river variety) does not like it when a large amount of moisture accumulates near the roots - this can cause rotting. That is why high-quality drainage is important, which, with careful watering, will not allow water to stagnate near the root system.

It also happens that the water continues to stagnate no matter what - in this case, next year it is recommended to raise the soil level by adding sand to it.

To preserve the picturesque flowers of gravilata for as long as possible, we advise you not to forget to remove dry and damaged petals in a timely manner. Also, do not forget about feeding - at least three or four times per season will be enough.

When planting, do not forget to maintain a distance of 20 centimeters between seedlings.

Gravilat is grown from seeds or simply divided by a sharp knife - in this case you will get the first flowers the next year. When growing seedlings from seeds, only after a year. Reproduction of gravilat by dividing the bush is possible only if all the seeds on it are completely ripe.

Main varieties of gravilat (with photo)

Where does flower bed design begin? Of course, from choosing plants that are suitable in color and overall dimensions.

The following describes the main varieties of gravilate with photos, many of them are more decorative. When choosing a suitable species, you need to pay attention to the botanical features and requirements for growing conditions.

Urban gravilate or St. Benedict's grass

Urban gravilate is also known as avens tree, Bennett grass and St. Benedict's grass. This perennial herbaceous plant grows in shady places - such as forest edges and hedges - in Europe and the Middle East.

Usually the litter reaches 60 centimeters in height, and blooms from May to August. Flowers are 1-2 mm in diameter with five bright yellow petals. The hermaphroditic flowers are fragrant and pollinated by bees. The fruits have burrs, which are necessary for them to be caught on the backs and fur of rabbits and other animals. The root of the plant is used as a spice for soups, and also to improve the taste of ale.

It is believed that urban gravilate cures poison and dog bites. Also, some scientists have suggested using it as a remedy against colds, liver diseases and stomach disorders. In traditional Austrian medicine, the plant's herb is used to make a tea that treats rheumatism, gout, infection and fever. In the modern world, herbalists use it to treat diarrhea, heart disease and bad breath.

Gravilate Chilean

Chilean gravilate is also called Greek rose. It is native to the central region of Chile. Used in traditional medicine by the Mapuche Indians in Chile to treat various ailments.

The plant is distinguished by bright red petals that will decorate any garden.

River gravity - purple avens

Gravilata manuala grows throughout most of Europe, with the exception of the Mediterranean region, and also in parts of Central Asia and North America (there it is known as violet avens). It grows in swamps and wet meadows, producing red flowers from May to September.

This variety grows calmly in moist soils and can withstand slightly acidic and calcareous soils when placed in sun or partial shade. Pollinated by bees, flies and beetles. When the flower matures, the elongated stamens provide its own fertilizer.

On poorly drained soils or neutral or acidic lowlands, the grass may take on a purple tint.

Gravilate red and fireball

Gravilat red grows up to half a meter in length and differs from other varieties in its rich red or fiery orange flowers with a diameter of 3 centimeters. Species with double petals are especially popular.

The fireball has a length of 60 centimeters and flowers with a diameter of 4 mm. To obtain seedlings, seeds are sown in March-April. And after the first leaves appear, they are divided into different containers.

Then, by the beginning of June, the gravilate fireball is planted in open ground at a distance of 20 centimeters from each other. The bush is divided once every 4 years. If you prune immediately after the first flowering, you will promote the growth of new shoots and more active flowering.

Gravilat "Red Dragon"

This is a very attractive plant in appearance (the double variety is especially beautiful), which is most often used for medicinal purposes.

Gravilat "Red Dragon" is quite unpretentious, so it will not require special conditions from you - the main thing is not to forget about good drainage and a place in a sunny or slightly shaded place.

Like other species, it reproduces by seeds or vegetatively.

Geum rivale L.
Rosaceae family - Rosaceae.
Common name: water bergenia, devil's heads, charm herb, vixen, great mighty, snake root, odal herb, brook gravilate.

Description

A perennial herbaceous plant with a thick, brown, creeping rhizome, covered with the remains of leaves. The stem is up to 1 m in height, erect, pubescent, glandular, simple or slightly branched at the apex, red-brown. The basal leaves are on long petioles, lyre-shaped, pinnate, with 2–3 pairs of lateral leaflets, the terminal lobe of the leaf is larger, sometimes three-lobed. Stem leaves are on short petioles, trifoliate or tripartite. The flowers are bell-shaped, drooping, the calyx is red-brown, the corolla is soft pink or yellowish, with red-brown veins, the columns are long, thread-like, with joints, the upper segment later falls off, and the lower one grows with fruits and becomes twice as long. The fruit is a late-falling red tenacious achene ending in a hook.

Spreading

It is found in the middle and northern regions of the European part of Russia, the Caucasus, Western and Eastern Siberia and the mountains of Central Asia, with the exception of the Dnieper, Volga, Don and Trans-Volga regions.

Habitat

It grows in moist and damp fertile, slightly acidic soils, along the banks of rivers, lakes and ditches, among bushes, in damp meadows and swampy places, both as individual specimens and in thickets.

Flowering time

It blooms in May–June, the fruits ripen in July–August.

Collection time

Rhizomes are harvested in autumn or early spring, grass - at the beginning of flowering.

Harvesting method

The grass is dried in the air under canopies, in well-ventilated areas or in dryers. The dug up rhizomes are immediately washed with cold water, dried well in a draft and quickly dried in dryers at a temperature of 40–50 ° C, stirring frequently so that the raw materials do not lose the aroma of cloves. Shelf life of raw materials is 1 year. Store in a tightly sealed container. However, it should be remembered that with long-term storage the smell at the roots disappears.

Chemical composition

Tannides, starch, resins, glycoside hein, bitter substances, up to 23% tannins, red coloring matter, up to 0.1% essential oil and up to 6.5% organic acids were found in the roots. Fresh leaves of river gravilate contain up to 117 mg% vitamin C and 13.7 mg% carotene.

Applicable part

Medicinal raw materials are rhizomes, flowers and grass of the river gravilata.

Application

River gravity, along with city gravity, is recognized by official medicine. Preparations from this plant have a similar effect and are used for the same indications. In addition, the drugs are effective against snake venom and reduce the spastic effect of barium chloride.

Gravilate rhizomes are used in homeopathy.

Gravilat has found widespread use in folk medicine in different countries. River gravilate is used in the same way as city gravilate. It is used both as a stand-alone preparation and in mixtures with other plants. Gravilate is taken orally and used for baths, rinses, poultices and lotions for a wide variety of diseases. Below we provide a list of not all ailments that gravilat can help cope with. In folk medicine, infusion, tincture, powder and decoction of flowers, herbs and rhizomes of river gravilate are used:

• For catarrh of the stomach;
• For dysentery;
• For colitis of various etiologies;
• When vomiting;
• As an antiseptic;
• For intestinal colic, flatulence;
• For neuroses;
• When sweating;
• As an anti-inflammatory;
• For cholecystitis;
• For nephritis;
• For cystitis;
• For pulmonary tuberculosis;
• For bronchial asthma;
• For pneumonia and cough;
• For C-vitaminosis;
• For catarrhal, hypertrophic, ulcerative-necrotic gingivitis and stomatitis;
• For periodontal disease;
• For helminthiasis;
• As a wound-healing agent;
• Like a sweatshop;
• As an antimalarial;
• As a tonic;
• For scrofulosis, rickets;
• Pak hemostatic for heavy uterine and hemorrhoidal bleeding, weak gums;
• For liver diseases;
• As a choleretic;
• To stimulate myometrial contraction;
• As an antiviral agent;
• As an antitumor agent.

Contraindications

In general, gravilat preparations are well tolerated and do not have serious contraindications, however, we must remember that since gravilat preparations increase blood clotting, its long-term use is undesirable for thrombophlebitis and a tendency to thrombosis. Use with caution in people with very low blood pressure and persistent constipation. Due to the high content of tannins, observe the dosage.

Other uses

• The rhizomes are used to obtain red-brown dye and tanning sheepskin coats.
• Due to the large amount of tannins, gravilat is placed in beer so that it can be stored for a long time without souring.
• Dried roots can be used as an aromatic substance instead of cloves and cinnamon in pies, kvass, homemade beer, wine, liqueurs and other drinks and products.
• The rhizomes contain the aromatic bitterness of “clove root” and are used as a spicy food seasoning, replacing cloves.
• Used in liquor and brewing production.
• Red-brown dye is extracted from them.
• Salads, soups, purees, and hot seasonings are prepared from young leaves. The roots are eaten boiled. Dishes and seasonings made from gravilate activate metabolic processes and improve digestion.
• The stems are readily eaten by goats and sheep, and to a lesser extent by horses and pigs.
• They are suitable for tanning leather.
• The plant has insecticidal properties.
• A good honey plant, produces a lot of nectar and some pollen.
• Decorative. In floriculture, the variety “Leonarde Var” is widespread with large, copper-pink to bronze-colored flowers. Looks impressive in groups, borders and small bouquets.

Mode of application

Preparations of rhizomes with roots of river gravilate are similar in effect to preparations of urban gravilate.

Powder

Powder from the rhizomes of river gravilate is prepared in a wooden mortar. Take 0.05–0.1 g 3 times a day before meals, washed down with water, but without chewing. The course of treatment is 7–10 days.

Infusion

Herbal infusion

1 tablespoon of raw material is poured into 400 ml of boiling water, left for 2 hours, then filtered. Take 1/2 cup 3 times a day before meals.

Infusion of rhizomes with roots (1 option)

Infuse two teaspoons of rhizomes with roots for 1 hour in 1 glass of boiling water in a sealed container, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day before meals for diarrhea, heavy uterine and hemorrhoidal bleeding, malaria, insomnia and as a general tonic after serious illnesses.

Infusion of rhizomes with roots (2 option)

Pour two teaspoons of crushed roots into 100 ml of boiling water, leave for 1 hour in a sealed container, strain. Take 1 tablespoon 3-4 times a day before meals for impotence.

Tincture

15 g of herb or root per 100 ml of 40% vodka, leave for 1 month. Take 10-15 drops with water 2-3 times a day before meals for bleeding, fever, nervous diseases, and also as a tonic for general loss of strength.

Decoction

Decoction of rhizomes with roots: 2 tablespoons of crushed rhizomes with roots in 2 cups of boiling water, cook for 10 minutes, leave for 1 hour, strain. Use for local baths for joint and muscle diseases, dislocations and for gargling with sore throats.

Rhizome decoction: 6 g of raw material is poured into 400 ml of hot water, boiled in a closed enamel container in a water bath for 30 minutes, filtered while hot, squeezed and the volume is brought to the original volume with boiled water. Take 2-3 tablespoons 3-4 times a day before meals. The course of treatment is 7–14 days. Repeat it after 5–7 days.

Baths

Gravilat roots are included in a mixture of plants for baths for scrofulous and rickets children.

Fresh roots

Fresh crushed rhizomes of gravilat are applied to calluses to soften.

Fees

• River gravity, grass - 4 parts; flax, grass - 3 parts; plantain, leaf - 4 parts; heather - 2 parts; Ivan tea - 3 parts; burnet, leaf - 4 parts; meadowsweet - 3 parts; coltsfoot, grass - 3 parts; lemon balm, herb - 3 parts; fragrant chamomile, flowers - 3 parts; thyme, herb - 4 parts; hops, cones - 2 parts. Pour 1 tablespoon of the collection with 1.5 cups of boiling water, leave in a thermos for 6 hours, drink 1/2 cup 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals for gastritis. Course - 30 days, repeat after 10 days.
• Gravilat, roots - 3 parts; meadowsweet, roots - 4 parts; Angelica officinalis, roots - 3 parts; elecampane tall, roots - 3 parts; licorice, roots - 3 parts; valerian, roots - 3 parts; violet, roots - 2 parts. Pour 1 tablespoon of roots with 1.5 cups of boiling water, simmer in a water bath for 30 minutes, strain, drink 1/2 cup 3 times a day 1 hour after meals for bronchial asthma. Course - 3–4 months.