Instructions for installing a pump in the heating system of a private house. Heating pump connection diagrams: installation options and step-by-step instructions Connection diagram for the oasis circulation pump

In heating systems with natural and forced circulation, a circulation pump is used. This is a device that changes the speed of a fluid without changing the nominal pressure. In a heating system it is needed for efficient heating. Installing a circulation pump is not a difficult task; with minimal skills in this work, you can do the installation yourself.

Features of circulation pumps

In systems with a forced circulation system, a pump is installed to increase heat capacity. Correct installation of the circulation pump in the heating system allows you to change the heat that is transferred depending on the outside temperature while maintaining stability of the heating in the room.

There are two types of such equipment: with dry and wet rotor. Devices with a dry rotor have increased efficiency (about 80%), do not create much noise and require constant maintenance. The operation of a device with a wet rotor is different; it has a low efficiency (about 50%), is noisier, and its performance is sufficient to heat any private home.

30 years ago, homes used so-called vertical central heating, which was powered by liquid circulating through pipes, and the heat source was a gas boiler or wood-burning stove. Now there has been a transition to the construction of private housing using heaters with a pump, which has the following advantages:

1. The coolant speed increases.
2. The heat produced by the boiler is quickly delivered to the radiators and returned to its place.
3. The heating process is significantly accelerated.
4. The speed is higher, so the same amount of heat can be supplied to pipes with a smaller diameter. In other words, a pipe with forced circulation of water in a pump is cheaper. The barrel can now be wrapped with minimal deflection and added complexity. The main thing is to make the correct selection of the pump unit and set the pressure.
5. An internal pump for circulating water in the heating system made it possible to have heated floors and efficient closed systems operating under high pressure.
6. We managed to remove the pipes that run along the walls and do not always harmonize with the kitchen interior. Nowadays, heating lines are built into the walls, under the floor and behind the suspended ceiling.

As the main disadvantage of the pumps, it can be noted that if there is a need to frequently turn off the circulation pump, a generator must be installed or connected.

Device operation

Despite the large amount of information, many find it difficult to understand where and how to properly install a circulation pump to ensure forced circulation of water in the home heating system. You need to follow the instructions. Often this the block is located on the return pipeline, which leads to the following situations:

1. The temperature of the liquid in the supply is much higher, so the pump does not work.
2. Hot water is less dense.
3. The static pressure in the pipeline is higher, which facilitates the operation of the device.

Sometimes, when you get into a room where a boiler is installed that provides heating in the apartment, you can see that the system is based on return. We can say that this is the only correct solution, even if you don’t know about the centrifugal device that can be installed in the outlet pipe.

In an emergency and as a result of an increase in pressure, a safety valve is activated, which releases steam from the boiler. If the action is not completed, the valve allows pressure to be released, resulting in an explosion of the boiler shell.

Experience shows that no more than 5 minutes after the start of the heating process, the safety valve is activated. If you install the device on the return pipeline, steam will not appear in it, and the time before an accident will increase to 20 minutes. That is, if you install a check valve, you cannot prevent an explosion, but you can delay it in order to gain time to make a decision.

Pump operating principle

Circulators operate on electricity. There are two approaches to the system, which leads to their division into “dry” and “wet” type devices. The principle of operation of a dry chain is that the drive is completely isolated from each pump and turbine, and rotation is transmitted through the shaft. As a rule, such devices are quite massive.

Dry pumps for circulating water in a heating system are powerful and efficient devices that provide very high flow rates and high pressure in the system. Without them it is difficult to control the heating. They must be installed in an apartment or private house. However, there are some disadvantages:

1. The shaft that transmits rotation is a complex sealing system that prevents leakage of liquid under pressure. These seals gradually wear out, requiring regular preventive maintenance, including replacement with new ones.
2. The operation of the pump is always accompanied by an air-cooled sound effect.

Finally, the system is a very expensive choice; the best option would be to purchase a wet rotor pump. The vertical wet rotor pump also comes in different types.

One-pipe and two-pipe systems

Experts distinguish between two heating schemes with forced circulation of the thermal agent - one-pipe and two-pipe. The choice of one or another option determines not only the location of the circuits, but also the length of the pipelines, as well as the type and quantity of equipment for shutdown, regulation and control.

A single-pipe heating system is characterized by the sequential inclusion of heating radiators in the circuit. The coolant returns through a separate pipeline to the boiler only after it turns one by one through all the devices of the system. The disadvantage of this method is that radiators that are closer to the thermal block become warmer than those further away, and this reduces thermal efficiency and equipment life. Introducing a circulation pump into the circuit and equalizing the temperature is achieved at all points of the system.

A two-pipe arrangement has advantages over a single-pipe arrangement, since all heating devices are connected in parallel to the supply and return lines, which promotes uniform temperature distribution throughout all rooms. Forced circulation of the refrigerant leads to increased efficiency of the system and the ability to regulate its thermal power.

DIY installation

It is important to know how to properly install a heating pump. You also need to know which pump to install in the heating system. Each unit comes with instructions that you will study carefully to ensure you can complete the installation yourself correctly. All liquid is drained from the system, part of the pipe is cut off in the place where the pump is to be installed.

In many cases, an old system that has accumulated dirt and rust will need to be cleaned. It is inconvenient to do this through the drain valve due to the small cross-section of the hole, so use the cut point. A hose is connected to one side through which water is fed under pressure, and on the other side the water flows out.

A bypass is installed at the pump site. This is necessary in case of device failure or power outage. The coolant will then flow through the main line, which is manually opened. It is better to install an automatic one instead of a conventional ball valve, which reacts to changes in pressure in the system.

On the bypass, two ball valves are placed on each side of the pump to turn off the water for maintenance or, if necessary, remove it. At the top of the bypass line, install the air release valve vertically. It is recommended to install the pump use the following sequence of actions:

1. Drain the water and clean the heating system.
2. For a system that has been in use for a long time, it is recommended to flush it a couple of times, filling it with water and then draining it.
3. Install the purchased pump into the designated location according to the plan, following the principle of energy management.
4. After installation, fill the device with liquid (water).
5. Check the operation of the heating system. In case of any errors, their strict correction is necessary.
6. Remove accumulated air from the system using the central screw. Outgoing water is a sign that the operation was carried out correctly.
7. Turn on the built-in pump after filling it with water. When connecting equipment to the network, it is recommended to use an automatic fuse with a special flag.

The fuse has an additional function as a switch. To install an additional pump in the system, please note that it turns on only after a relay signal. To synchronize the operation of both pumps, you need to connect the second device to the relay or use an alternative parallel connection.

Filter installation

In order for the pump to work more reliably and longer, the coolant passing through it must be absolutely clean. Otherwise, the bearings and impeller may simply be destroyed by foreign objects entering them. The dirt filter, which is installed in front of it during the cooling process, captures all contaminants, sand and other small abrasive particles that appear in the system. Filters can always be changed.

As a dirt filter, you can use a regular coarse filter used in a water supply system. This is a small piece of pipe with an external dirt trap.

The straight cut has a metal structure that cuts out debris that could damage equipment. All debris should settle in the pipe, which can be periodically cleaned by unscrewing the plug at its end. Clogging must not be allowed.

The movement of coolant in heating systems with natural circulation is determined by the difference in density of heated and cooled liquids. The operation of heating circuits with forced movement of the thermal agent is ensured by a circulation pump. This unit solves the problem of uniform heat distribution throughout the house, so its installation is recommended in a gravity heating system, since its connection increases efficiency and efficiency. The performance and thermal efficiency of the heating branches depends on how correctly the circulation pump is selected and installed, so it is important to follow the recommendations of the equipment manufacturer and adhere to the installation rules.

Advantages of heating systems with forced circulation of coolant

Correct installation of a circulation pump in a heating system has many nuances

The use of circulation pumps in heating systems of any type provides comfortable heat, regardless of the number of floors and size of the home. This heat supply scheme has a number of advantages compared to the gravity-type model:

• cost savings when installing heating associated with the possibility of using inexpensive polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes of smaller diameter;
• uniform heating of all circuits and components of the heating system helps to increase the service life of the equipment;
• reducing the thermal inertia of the system;
• the ability to quickly change the temperature both in all heating branches and in individual areas;
• reduction of energy costs.

The disadvantages of forced circulation of the coolant include noise from the operating unit, additional energy costs, as well as the inoperability of the heating system when the power supply is turned off.

Criteria for choosing a circulation pump

Correct selection of a pump (vertical, block, etc.) implies that its technical characteristics match the required pressure and performance. The first parameter affects the strength of the coolant flow, and, therefore, whether the liquid can overcome the hydraulic resistance in the heating circuits. The second indicator determines how much coolant can flow into the main line per unit of time, which affects the total power of the heating system. Choosing a circulation unit “at random” is not allowed, since a low-power pump will not pump the coolant in the required volume, and an overly strong motor increases wear on the equipment and increases the noise of the system. You can learn about all the nuances of choosing pumping equipment and the methodology for calculating its technical parameters.

How to install it yourself

Experts distinguish between two heating schemes with forced circulation of the thermal agent - one-pipe and two-pipe. The choice of one or another option determines not only the principle of circuit routing, but also the length of the pipelines, as well as the type and quantity of shut-off, regulating and monitoring equipment.

Diagram of a single-pipe system with a circulation pump

A single-pipe heating system is characterized by the sequential inclusion of heating radiators in the circuit. The coolant returns through a separate pipeline to the boiler only after it has passed through all the devices of the heating system in turn. The disadvantage of this method is that the radiators closest to the heating unit warm up more than those further away, and this reduces the thermal efficiency and service life of the equipment. By introducing a circulation pump into the circuit, the temperature is equalized at all points of the system.

Scheme of a two-pipe heating system

Two-pipe wiring has advantages over single-pipe wiring, since all heating devices are connected to the supply and return lines in parallel, which promotes uniform temperature distribution throughout all rooms. By using forced circulation of the coolant, we achieve an increase in the efficiency of the heating system and the ability to adjust its thermal power.

Determining the location of the pump insertion into the pipeline

In autonomous heating systems, sealed-type circulation pumps with a “wet” rotor are most often installed. The design features of such units allow them to operate without additional lubrication, since its role is played by the coolant. It also provides cooling for the running electric motor of the pump. Thanks to the operation of the pump rotor in a wet environment, there is no need for additional sealing, which contributes to high reliability and long service life of the units.

The pump's design with a wet rotor ensures its reliability and durability.

The design features of the circulation pumps of the first models forced the installation of equipment on the return branch of the main line, since it was believed that cooled water increases the service life of the devices. Modern units are made from heat-resistant materials, so installation is carried out both on the supply pipeline and on the return line.

Where to install pumping equipment? Manufacturers recommend doing this in the supply area near the expansion tank connection point. This increases the suction pressure and improves the heat transfer of the equipment. When deciding on such an installation scheme, you must make sure of the required thermal resistance of the selected pump. Otherwise, the device is mounted on the return section of the circuit, next to the heating boiler. The same option is recommended when installing a circulation pump when operating in conjunction with a solid fuel unit.

Equipment installation requirements

In a system with a circulation pump, a closed expansion tank must be installed

For long-term and reliable operation of the forced coolant supply system, it is necessary to correctly install the circulation pump and its piping elements.

1. An expansion tank must be installed in the system, which is connected to the return pipeline.
2. In order to prevent the formation of air pockets inside the pump, its motor shaft must be positioned in a horizontal plane. Otherwise, cooling and lubrication of the moving parts of the unit may deteriorate, as a result of which it may fail.
3. It is imperative to install a coarse filter in front of the pump. Its use helps to increase the service life of equipment by filtering the coolant from abrasive particles that inevitably appear during operation of the heating system.

When installing a mud filter with your own hands, be sure to observe the direction of movement of the liquid. It is recommended to install the protective element with the plug facing down. This way it will not create additional resistance to the movement of the coolant, and in addition, it will be easier to clean it from dirt.

The use of a coarse filter will save the pump blades from premature wear

Features of installing a pump in a system with natural coolant circulation

In order to ensure the operation of the heating during a power outage, it is necessary to create a minimum hydraulic resistance in all sections of the circuit. The normal movement of the thermal agent is hampered by any turns and height differences in the pipeline, the resistance of shut-off equipment and a decrease in the cross-section of the pipeline. Therefore, when installing the circulation pump, the following requirements are observed:

• the insertion is performed without opening the main circuit, in parallel to it. The required pipeline diameter must be at least 32 mm, and the cross-section of the pipes for connecting the pump must be a quarter smaller;
• Shut-off valves are installed before and after the pump so that if the equipment malfunctions, it can be dismantled without the need to discharge the coolant;
• In the area between the pump taps, a ball valve is mounted, which is closed during the forced supply of coolant. Otherwise, it will circulate in a small circle between the pump insertion points.

Correct placement of the circulation pump piping elements

A check valve installed instead of a ball valve will help automate the switching process in the absence of electricity. The so-called bypass will be closed until the pump turns off and the pressure in front of the valve does not exceed the force of the operating spring.

The disadvantage of spring check valves is the additional resistance to fluid flow, so the best solution would be to install a ball-type device.

By installing a check valve you can automate the bypass operation

Installation and connection instructions

To install the circulation unit correctly, it is necessary to follow a number of rules and strictly follow the sequence of operations.

1. At the very first stage, bypass sections are inserted to connect the pump. In the future, this will make it possible not to overheat the plastic inserts of the ball valves during welding work.
2. On the section of the main pipeline between the tie-ins, a bypass is installed, equipped with a ball valve or check valve.
3. Shut-off valves are installed on the bypass main.
4. A coarse filter is installed.
5. The upper part of the bypass is equipped with an automatic air valve or Mayevsky tap.
6. In accordance with the direction of movement of the coolant, a circulation pump is installed. The rotor of a “wet” unit is mounted strictly horizontally, with the contacts in its terminal box facing upward.
7. The pump is connected to the electrical network through a separate outlet with grounding.

Bypass assembly

All threaded connections must be sealed. The best material is plumbing linen and a special paste, which allow you to accurately set the relative position of the parts without the risk of leaks in the future.

The industry produces ready-made kits for installing circulation pumps, including parts of pipelines, shut-off and connecting elements.

How to start the pump

Before starting the circulation pump after a long period of inactivity, it is necessary to remove air from its working cavity

After installing the equipment, the heating system is filled with water, and then the boiler is turned on. To remove air from the working cavity of the pump, it is necessary to unscrew the plug located on the front cover of its housing. The complete “de-airing” of the unit is indicated by the flow of liquid without bubbles. Additionally, it is necessary to remove air pockets from all areas of the system. And only after this can the supply voltage be applied.

It is possible that after a long period of inactivity the pump will not be able to start on its own. In this case, unscrew the protective plug and use a flat blade screwdriver to turn the rotor shaft of the unit, for which a special slot is made on the end surface of the part. After the pump has been running for five minutes, the air removal process is repeated.

Please note that the “de-airing” procedure is carried out every time after a long period of equipment downtime.

You can avoid the harmful effects of air locks by installing equipment equipped with an automatic system for protecting and monitoring its operation.

Installation of a circulation pump (video)

By installing a centrifugal pump, you can increase the efficiency and improve the efficiency of the heating system. In addition, it becomes possible to accurately distribute thermal energy between all rooms, which creates a cozy atmosphere in the house.

When resolving issues with organizing the heating of their own homes, the vast majority of homeowners give preference to a water heating system. Methods for obtaining heat may vary - depending on the availability of energy sources, the types of fuel prevailing in the region, and the cost-effectiveness of one or another approach. That is, in fact, the boiler can be installed depending on the circumstances, gas, electric, solid fuel - long-burning or with automatic fuel supply, diesel, etc. But the distribution of thermal energy among rooms in in most cases it is carried out through circulating through pipe circuits - water or specially selected technical fluid.

When designing a water heating system, independently or with the involvement of specialists, it is necessary to competently approach the selection of all units, components and components, from the boiler and radiators to pipes and the last valve - everything must fully comply with the planned parameters of the system being created. The merman also plays one of the key roles heating pump, since the system equipped with a forced circulation device, it always features stable operation and high efficiency. Therefore, this publication will be entirely devoted to the nuances of pump design, criteria for their selection and basic installation rules.

Is a water circulation pump really necessary for heating?

Surely, many of the thrifty owners will wonder whether it is possible not to “bother” with the pump at all. Indeed, in a small house with slightly branched contours, it can be organized according to a natural circulation scheme.

Yes, of course, there is such a possibility. To do this, it is necessary to correctly position the expansion tank, select pipes of the appropriate diameter and mount them with a certain slope, and optimally position the heating radiators. In a word, when they talk about the simplicity of a system with natural circulation, this statement is very doubtful.

The main advantage of natural circulation - not attachment it to the electrical supply (if, of course, the boiler itself is non-volatile). In all other respects, it is significantly inferior to forced circulation.

Thermal calculations show that even with the most optimal conditions - high boiler efficiency, rational placement of all components, clean pipes not overgrown with sediment and a minimum of shut-off or other fittings, the natural increase in pressure due to the temperature difference and the creation of a slope will be within 0.6 atmospheres. This is clearly not enough to overcome strong hydraulic resistance in an extensive network or even in the event of force majeure circumstances - what happened with a narrowing of the internal clearance or even a short-term stop of the gas boiler can lead to imbalance heating system, and it will take a long time to “bring it back to life.”

So, let’s summarize the advantages and disadvantages of natural and forced circulation:

1. The advantages of natural circulation, as already mentioned, include complete energy independence and the relative simplicity of piping the boiler itself. But there is a whole list of shortcomings:

— The need to use pipes of different, including fairly large diameters, which leads to increased costs of the project and difficulties in installation. The system requires very careful thermal calculations, with precise observance of slopes, with mandatory consideration of the excess of the location of some elements over others and with other nuances.

— Transfer of thermal energy over significant distances (heights) is simply impossible. Both the height and length of the created outline are limited.

— The low speed of natural movement of the coolant leads to completely unnecessary energy losses, uneven heat distribution throughout the rooms, and therefore to a decrease in the overall efficiency of the system and its efficiency.

— A system with natural circulation is very difficult to make any precise adjustments, optimization of heat flow distributionby areas of the house.

2. And now - about forced circulation in heating circuits.

Its disadvantages include dependence on availability - if there is a power failure, the heating system stops.

- Well, firstly, nothing prevents you from organizing the entire system in such a way that it can operate in both modes - it is enough to install the pump unit on the “return” in front of the entrance to the boiler. For example, the figure reproduces the same diagram, but indicating the insertion location of the circulation pump. The strapping procedure will be described below.

“Secondly, let’s agree that now is not the “dawn of the country’s electrification.” And, hand on heart, let’s give ourselves an honest answer to the question - how often, how regularly and for what duration is electricity cut off in a particular area (city, village). If these are just annoying episodes associated with some emergency situations, then everything can be solved by installing an uninterruptible power supply system. The power consumption of circulation pumps is usually very small, and even a small UPS will easily keep the entire heating system in working order.

If, of course, there are still places where power outages are systematic and long-lasting, then in these populated areas it is certainly better to organize heating according to a natural circulation scheme.

Where to put

It is recommended to install a circulation pump after the boiler, before the first branch, but on the supply or return pipeline - it doesn’t matter. Modern units are made from materials that can withstand temperatures up to 100-115°C. There are few heating systems that work with a hotter coolant, so considerations of a more “comfortable” temperature are untenable, but if you feel safer, put it in the return line.

Can be installed in the return or direct pipeline after/before the boiler up to the first branch

There is no difference in hydraulics - the boiler, or the rest of the system; it makes absolutely no difference whether there is a pump in the supply or return branch. What matters is the correct installation, in the sense of strapping, and the correct orientation of the rotor in space

Nothing else matters

There is one important point regarding the installation location. If the heating system has two separate branches - on the right and left wings of the house or on the first and second floor - it makes sense to install a separate unit on each, and not one common one - directly after the boiler. Moreover, the same rule remains on these branches: immediately after the boiler, before the first branch in this heating circuit. This will make it possible to set the required thermal conditions in each part of the house independently of the other, and also in two-story houses to save on heating. How? Due to the fact that the second floor is usually much warmer than the first floor and much less heat is required there. If there are two pumps in the branch that goes up, the speed of movement of the coolant is set much lower, and this allows you to burn less fuel, without compromising the comfort of living.

There are two types of heating systems - forced and natural circulation. Systems with forced circulation cannot work without a pump; systems with natural circulation work, but in this mode they have lower heat transfer. However, less heat is still much better than no heat at all, so in areas where electricity is often cut off, the system is designed as hydraulic (with natural circulation), and then a pump is installed into it. This gives high heating efficiency and reliability. It is clear that the installation of a circulation pump in these systems is different.

All heating systems with heated floors are forced - without a pump, the coolant will not pass through such large circuits

Forced circulation

Since a forced circulation heating system without a pump is inoperative, it is installed directly into the gap in the supply or return pipe (of your choice).

Most problems with the circulation pump arise due to the presence of mechanical impurities (sand, other abrasive particles) in the coolant. They can jam the impeller and stop the motor. Therefore, a mesh dirt filter must be placed in front of the unit.

Installing a circulation pump in a forced circulation system

It is also advisable to install ball valves on both sides. They will make it possible to replace or repair the device without draining the coolant from the system. Turn off the taps and remove the unit. Only that part of the water that was directly in this piece of the system is drained.

Natural circulation

The piping of the circulation pump in gravity systems has one significant difference - a bypass is required. This is a jumper that makes the system operational when the pump is not working. One ball shut-off valve is installed on the bypass, which is closed the entire time the pumping is running. In this mode, the system operates as forced.

Installation diagram of a circulation pump in a system with natural circulation

When the electricity goes out or the unit fails, the valve on the jumper is opened, the valve leading to the pump is closed, and the system operates as a gravity system.

Installation features

There is one important point, without which the installation of the circulation pump will require rework: it is necessary to rotate the rotor so that it is directed horizontally. The second point is the direction of flow. There is an arrow on the body indicating which direction the coolant should flow. This is how you turn the unit so that the direction of movement of the coolant is “in the direction of the arrow”.

The pump itself can be installed both horizontally and vertically, just when selecting a model, make sure that it can work in both positions. And one more point: with a vertical arrangement, the power (pressure created) drops by about 30%. This must be taken into account when choosing a model.

Principles of installation and connection of the pump

To prepare the heating system for pump installation, first drain the heating fluid and clean the entire system if it is dirty. The system is filled with water only after the pipes are secured, after which they are carefully checked for any malfunctions for their further elimination. Using the central screw, excess air is removed from the system.

In order for the installed pump to interact with the cooled coolant and to extend its service life, the unit is mounted in the return line pipeline. When installed in a forced circulation system, the connection of the expansion tank should be made not to the main riser, but to the return pipeline.

Having positioned the pump strictly horizontally, it is attached to the pipes. As an additional device, the circulation pump can be installed in a natural circulation system. In this case, the pump must be equipped with a filter and a split thread. The diameter of the filter must match the diameter of the pump. Pressure operation of the system must be maintained by a conventional valve corresponding to the thread diameter of the unit. If you are using an open system, it will not be required.

After the pump is installed, a valve should be installed on the main and return pipelines. So that air can be discharged from the system, a special device is installed on the bypass.

Where it is planned to install the pump, a pipe is cut off and a special connection for shut-off valves is welded to it; it is installed before and after the pump unit. This must be done for ease of removal, cleaning and repair of the device. Having turned off the taps on the outlet and inlet pipes of the pump, turn off the heating boiler, then unscrew the nuts that secure the pump to the pipes.

The pump must be connected after starting the entire system and filling the pipes with water. There should be no air remaining in the pipes, so it is released each time before starting the pumping unit. To bleed air manually, use special valves installed on both sides of the pumping unit.

The connection diagram for the circulation pump via a UPS uninterruptible power supply is as follows

The general principle of connecting a pump via a UPS is as follows. The power supply to the home network is connected to an uninterruptible power supply, and the circulation pump and, in this case, the gas boiler are powered from it. Now, during a power outage, the house will continue to be heated as before for as long as the battery in the UPS lasts.

The uninterruptible power supply is selected depending on the installed equipment, its quantity, power consumption and some other factors. In heating systems consisting of a large number of electricity consumers or in systems that require a fairly long battery life, it is allowed to use several UPSs at once, or one, but with additional batteries in the circuit, for example, car ones.

This connection diagram via a UPS can be combined with a connection diagram for a circulation pump via a thermostat, then the home heating system will be most efficient.

Power connection

The circulation pumps operate from a 220 V network. The connection is standard; a separate power supply line with a circuit breaker is desirable. The connection requires three wires - phase, neutral and ground.

Circulation pump electrical connection diagram

The connection to the network itself can be organized using a three-pin socket and plug. This connection method is used if the pump comes with a connected power wire. It can also be connected via a terminal block or directly with a cable to the terminals.

The terminals are located under a plastic cover. We remove it by unscrewing several bolts and find three connectors. They are usually signed (the pictograms are N - neutral wire, L - phase, and “ground” has an international designation), it is difficult to make a mistake.

Where to connect the power cable

Since the entire system depends on the performance of the circulation pump, it makes sense to make a backup power supply - install a stabilizer with connected batteries. With such a power supply system, everything will work for several days, since the pump itself and the boiler automation “pulls” electricity to a maximum of 250-300 W. But when organizing, you need to calculate everything and select the battery capacity. The disadvantage of such a system is the need to ensure that the batteries do not discharge.

How to connect a circulator to electricity through a stabilizer

how to properly connect a pump to natural circulation heating to extract coolant for a euro battery

Hello. My situation, a 25 x 60 pump is located immediately after a 6 kW electric boiler, then the line from a 40 mm pipe goes to the bathhouse (there are three steel radiators) and returns to the boiler; after the pump, a branch goes up, then 4 m, down, rings a house of 50 sq. m. m. through the kitchen, then through the bedroom, where it doubles, then the hall, where it triples and flows into the boiler return; in the bathhouse there is a branch 40 mm up, it leaves the bathhouse and enters the 2nd floor of a house of 40 sq. m. m. (there are two cast-iron radiators) and returns to the bathhouse in the return line; there was no heat on the second floor; the idea of ​​installing a second pump in the bathhouse for supply after the branch; the total length of the pipeline is 125 m. How correct is the solution?

The idea is correct - the route is too long for one pump.

Hello. Is it better to install two pumps in series one after the other or should there be some distance between them?

It makes more sense if the two circulation pumps are separated. The movement of the coolant will be more uniform.

I have 2 pumps near the boiler, one in the supply, the other in the return. The total length is about 150 m. They work for 8 years.

Nobody said that you can’t put one after another. It is possible and they work without problems. But it can also be blown apart.

I have a house on 2 floors that used to have heating: pipes all over the house F80 floor tones of water Dani’s boiler now they have redone the heating pipe F25 batteries metal flat the pump for some reason was embedded in the return although it was previously embedded in the supply the far wing of the upper floor does not heat, maybe it depends on the installation of the pump ?

You need to look at the whole diagram

In principle, it doesn’t matter whether a circulation pump is installed in the return or supply. The main thing is that it has enough power

But due to lack of power, the far wing may not heat up.

Criterias of choice

The first important indicator when choosing a pump is its power. For high-quality heating, you should select a device with exactly the power that will be sufficient for heating. More expensive and powerful pumps are not needed for an ordinary residential building - they still will not turn on at full load.

To calculate the optimal power, the following parameters should be taken into account: coolant temperature at the inlet and outlet, pressure, throughput, and productivity of the heating boiler. The coolant consumption can be equated to the boiler power

For example, a heating unit with a power of 30 kW moves 30 liters of coolant in 1 minute

The coolant consumption can be equated to the boiler power. For example, a heating unit with a power of 30 kW moves 30 liters of coolant in 1 minute.

The simplest formula for calculating the optimal pump power looks like this: Q = N/(T2 – T1), in this formula N is the boiler power, and T2 and T1 are the difference in water temperatures at the outlet of the tank and in the return.

The pressure is calculated based on the square footage of the heated area. According to generally accepted standards, a pump power of about 100 W is required per 100 m2 of a residential building.

Installation of the circulation pump is carried out as follows. First you need to carefully study the instructions and the diagram according to which it should be connected. The boiler and all heating equipment require regular inspection and maintenance, so you need to prepare an approach to the main components of the devices in advance. Then you need to drain all the coolant and clean the pipeline, after which you can decide on the installation location.

So, experts recommend installing this equipment near the boiler, on the return pipe. This position is explained by two reasons: a pump installed in this place will allow the coolant to be distributed more evenly in the boiler, and therefore increase the efficiency of the entire heating system. In addition, on the return side the circulation pump will operate at a lower operating temperature, which will increase its service life.

Bypass installation

A bypass (bypass) is performed in the sector selected for installation. This operation is necessary to ensure that the system continues to circulate even if the power supply is turned off or the pumping equipment breaks down.

The diameter of the bypass system pipe must be less than the diameter of the main gas pipeline pipes. Only after installing the bypass do they begin to install the unit.

A drawing with the technology for installing a circulation pump is presented in this diagram:

Installation Features

It must be remembered that the shaft must be positioned horizontally. If installed incorrectly, the circulation pump loses up to 30% of its performance and may fail within a short time. The terminal box must be installed at the top of the system.

Ball valves must be installed on both sides of the unit - they will definitely be needed in the future, during regular technical inspections and scheduled repair work.

The heating system must also have filters to purify the water in the pipelines from various solid particles. The latter, if they get into pumping equipment, lead to serious damage to it.

A valve is installed on top of the bypass pipe to bleed air from the heating system. When installing the motor shaft, it is necessary to provide for the rotation of the box along the axis with a slight force. An expansion tank must be installed in an open heating system.

What is important to know

The wiring diagram and methods of connecting a device such as a circulation pump to electricity can have different designs. The choice of a specific option is determined by the characteristics of the heated object, as well as the location where the device is located. There are two ways to connect it:

• direct connection to a 220 V power supply;
• connection to an uninterruptible power supply, which in turn is connected to a 220 V or 220/380 V network (in the case of a three-phase UPS).

By choosing the first method, the consumer risks being left without heating in the event of a prolonged power outage. This option can be considered justified only if there is a high degree of reliability of power supply, reducing the likelihood of a long power outage to a minimum, and also if there is a backup source of electrical energy at the site. The second method is preferable, although it requires additional costs.

What is a circulation pump and why is it needed?

A circulation pump is a device that changes the speed of movement of a liquid medium without changing pressure. In heating systems it is installed for more efficient heating. In systems with forced circulation it is a mandatory element, in gravity systems it can be installed if it is necessary to increase the thermal power. Installing a circulation pump with several speeds makes it possible to change the amount of heat transferred depending on the outside temperature, thus maintaining a stable temperature in the room.

Cross-section of a circulation pump with a wet rotor

There are two types of such units - with a dry and wet rotor. Devices with a dry rotor have a high efficiency (about 80%), but are very noisy and require regular maintenance. Units with a wet rotor operate almost silently; with normal coolant quality, they can pump water without failure for more than 10 years. They have a lower efficiency (about 50%), but their characteristics are more than sufficient for heating any private home.

Connection methods

Electrical connection using a plug and socket. This method involves installing an electrical outlet in close proximity to the place where the circulation pump is mounted. Sometimes they can be supplied with a connected cable and plug included, as in the photo:

In this case, you can simply plug the device into the mains using an outlet located within reach of the cable. You just need to make sure there is a third, grounding contact in the outlet.

If there is no cord with a plug, they need to be purchased or removed from an unused electrical appliance.

You should pay attention to the cross-section of the cord conductors. It should be between 1.5 mm 2 and 2.5 mm 2

The wires must be stranded copper, ensuring resistance to repeated bending. The cord with a plug for connecting electrical appliances to the network is shown in the photo below:

Before connecting the circulation pump, you need to find out which of the three wires of the cord is connected to the ground pin of the plug. This can be done using an ohmmeter, while at the same time checking the integrity of the remaining wires.

Open the terminal box cover. Inside the box there are three terminals designed to connect the device to the network, marked as in the picture:

We unscrew the clamp of the cable coupling (in the first photo it is a plastic nut into which the cable is inserted), put it on our cord, and insert the cord into the coupling. If there is a cable tie inside the box, thread the cord through it. We connect the ends of the cord wires, previously stripped of insulation, to the terminals.

The wires connected to the plugs of the plug should be connected to the L and N terminals (don’t be afraid to mix them up, this is not critical), the wire of the grounding contact of the plug should be connected to the PE terminal (but you can’t make a mistake here). The instructions supplied with the product prohibit its operation without protective grounding. Next, tighten the clamp (if any), tighten the cable sleeve clamp tightly, and close the terminal box cover. The pump is ready to be plugged into the mains.

Fixed connection. The connection diagram for the circulation pump to the electrical network with grounding is provided below:

The requirements for the wire cross-section here are the same as in the previous version. For this installation, the cable can be used either flexible or inflexible, copper, VVG brand. or aluminum, AVVG. If the cable is inflexible, the installation should ensure that it does not move. To do this, the cable along the entire route is secured with clamps.

In this option, a residual current device (differential circuit breaker) is used. Instead, you can use a regular single-pole circuit breaker, passing only the phase wire through it. If the machine is installed in a panel where there is a PE bus, then the cable from the pump to the machine must be three-core. If there is no such bus, the PE terminal should be connected to a grounding device. This connection can be made with a separate wire.

Separately, I would like to consider such an installation option as connecting the pump to the UPS. It is the most preferable and ensures the independence of the heating system from power outages. The connection diagram of the circulation pump to the uninterruptible power supply is provided below:

The power of the UPS should be selected based on the power of the pump motor. The capacity of the battery is determined by the estimated time of autonomous power supply of the circulation pump, that is, the time when the power supply is turned off. We talked about how to choose a UPS for a boiler in a separate article. Requirements for cable cross-section, as well as the presence of protective grounding, apply to all connection options.

So we looked at how to properly connect the circulation pump to the electrical network. The diagram and video examples helped to consolidate the material and clearly see the nuances of installation!

Connection diagram of the circulation pump to the thermostat

Selecting the right unit

When choosing a pump, pay attention to two main parameters: the strength of the coolant flow and the hydraulic resistance that it overcomes when creating pressure. In this case, the characteristics of the purchased circulation pump should be 10-15% lower than the calculated values

If you install a powerful pump in the heating system, you may encounter the problem of increasing power consumption, excessive noise, and rapid wear of equipment parts. A low-power pump will not be able to pump coolant in the required volume. Many models of modern circulation pumps are equipped with electronic or manual regulators of the speed of rotation of the electric motor shaft. The highest efficiency value is achieved at maximum shaft speed.

Thermal valves installed in many heating systems regulate the room temperature in accordance with the specified parameters. The valve closes when the temperature rises. This increases hydraulic resistance and, accordingly, increases pressure. These processes are accompanied by the appearance of noise, which can be eliminated by switching the pump to low speed. Pumps with built-in electronics that can smoothly regulate pressure drops depending on changes in the amount of water cope with this task more effectively.

Which pumps are suitable for installation in residential premises?

Installation of a circulation pump.

The optimal temperature of the heating system of a country house is achieved using built-in thermal valves. If the set temperature parameters of the heating system are exceeded, this may lead to the valve being closed and the hydraulic resistance and pressure increasing.

Using pumps with an electronic control system helps prevent noise, since the devices will automatically monitor all changes in water volumes. The pumps will provide smooth adjustment of pressure drops.

To automate the operation of the pump, use an automatic type unit model. This allows you to protect it from incorrect operation.

The pumps used may differ in their type of application. For example, dry ones do not come into contact with the coolant during operation. Wet pumps pump water when they are submerged. Dry types of pumps are noisy, and the installation of the pump in a heating system is more suitable for enterprises rather than residential premises.

For country houses and dachas, pumps designed to work in water and having special bronze or brass bodies are suitable. The parts used in the housings are stainless, so the system will not be damaged by water. Thus, these structures are provided with protection from moisture, high and low temperatures. Installation of this design is possible on the return and supply pipelines. The entire system will require a certain approach to its maintenance.

In order to increase the degree of pressure applied to the suction section, you can install the pump so that the expansion tank is nearby. The heating pipeline must fall down in the place where the unit needs to be connected. You will need to make sure that the pump can withstand strong pressures of hot water.

The most economical and convenient option for heated floors is water floors with connection to boiler. This system allows you to save a large amount of energy and makes it possible to independently regulate the heating temperature. In addition, it is easier to install.

• - wall-mounted boiler for heated floors;
• - collector cabinet;
• - shut-off valves;
• - compression fittings;
• - circulation pump;
• - thermostat (preferably, although not required).

Install heated floors in a sand-cement screed. To do this, prepare all the system components. Remove the existing screed and distribute all the elements of heated floors over the area where they are planned to be installed.

Then hang the boiler for heated floors in a convenient place - so that the loops of water pipes come from the collector. If you are installing floors in your own home, then it is advisable to place the equipment in a specially designated room. Regarding the installation of a boiler in an apartment, it is better to consult with an experienced technician.

Install the manifold cabinet. Its task is to circulate water in the pipes and combine floor heating with other home heating.

Place the supply and return pipes into the installed manifold cabinet. The first will supply hot water to the water floors. the second is to take the cooled liquid and return it back to the boiler. Install a shut-off valve on each pipe so that you can turn off the water if necessary.

Using a compression fitting, connect the pipe from the boiler to a metal valve, and connect the manifold inlet to the valve. Use fittings to connect the heated floor contours to the manifold.

Install a circulation pump in the collector designed to continuously circulate water. It is mounted on the supply pipe. It is better to purchase a pump with a thermostat. which will allow you to regulate the temperature of the floor heating.

After this, turn on the system and check its operation.

The final installation of heated floors is carried out only after the operation of the heating system has been checked. It should function for at least 10-12 hours. And, if everything is in order, the floor surface is laid over the pipes. Otherwise, there is a risk of flooding your own home due to a minor mistake. If the pipes are laid in a sand-cement screed, the system can be turned on only after the solution has completely hardened.

Installing a circulation pump in homes with an individual heating system ensures uniform and high-quality heat distribution throughout all rooms of the house.

Closed heating systems require forced circulation of hot water. This function is performed by circulation pumps, which consist of a metal motor or rotor attached to a housing, most often made of stainless steel. The release of the coolant is ensured by the impeller. It is located on the rotor shaft. This entire system is driven by an electric motor.

Circulation pump

Also in the design of the described installations there are the following elements:

• shut-off and check valves;
• flow part (usually made of bronze alloy);
• thermostat (it protects the pump from overheating and ensures economical operation of the device);
• work timer;
• connector (male).

When installed in a heating system, the pump draws in water and then delivers it into the pipeline due to centrifugal force. This force is generated when the impeller produces rotational movements. The circulation pump will work effectively only if the pressure it creates can easily cope with the resistance (hydraulic) of various components of the heating system (radiator, pipeline itself).

Various circulation units can be installed in the heating system of a private house. They are divided into two large groups. The circulation pump can be “dry” or “wet”. When installing devices of the first type with your own hands, you should take into account that their motor is separated from the working part by sealing rings. They are made from stainless steel. During the startup of the installation, the process of movement of these rings begins, which leads to sealing of the connection with a water (very thin) film. The latter is located between the seals.

Circulation pump unit

High-quality sealing in this case is ensured due to the fact that the pressure in the external atmosphere and in the heating system itself is characterized by different indicators. A “dry” pump makes quite loud sounds when operating. In this regard, its installation is always carried out in a specially soundproofed separate room of a private house. The efficiency of such a circulation unit is at the level of 80%.

There are three types of “dry” devices for connecting to the heating system: horizontal, vertical, block. The electric motor in units of the first type is placed horizontally. The discharge pipe is attached to them on the body of the device, and the suction pipe is attached to the shaft (on its front side). In vertical installations, the pipes are on the same axis. And the engine in this case is located vertically. In block circulation units, heated water exits radially and enters the system in the axial direction.

Caring for a “dry” unit is objectively difficult. Its elements must be regularly lubricated with a special compound. If this is not done, the mechanical seals will quickly fail, causing the pump to stop. In addition, in a private home, “dry” devices should be placed in rooms where there is no dust. Its turbulence during equipment operation often causes depressurization of the pump.

In “wet” units, the lubricant function is performed by the coolant itself. The impeller and rotor of such installations are immersed in water. “Wet” devices are much less noisy and easier to install with your own hands. And their maintenance is simpler compared to “dry” pumps.

The body of a “wet” installation is usually made of brass or bronze. Between the stator and the rotor there is always a special stainless steel separator. It's called a glass. It is necessary to provide the required tightness to the engine (more precisely, its elements under electrical voltage). It is “wet” units that are most often installed in a heating system in a private home.

They do a good job of heating relatively small areas. Such devices are not suitable for large objects, since their productivity usually does not exceed 50%. The low efficiency of “wet” installations is due to the impossibility of high-quality sealing of the cup placed between the stator and rotor.

The key indicator that determines the efficiency of the circulation pump is its power. For a household heating system, there is no need to try to purchase the highest-power installation. It will only make a loud noise and waste electricity.

Mounted circulation pump

• hot water pressure indicator;
• pipe section;
• productivity and throughput of the heating boiler;
• coolant temperature.

Hot water consumption is determined simply. It is equal to the power indicator of the heating unit. If, for example, you have a 20 kW unit, no more than 20 liters of water will be consumed per hour. The pressure of the circulation unit for the heating system for every 10 m of pipes is about 50 cm. The longer the pipeline, the more powerful the pump you need to purchase. Here you should immediately pay attention to the thickness of the pipe products. The resistance to water movement in the system will be stronger if you install pipes with a small cross-section.

In pipelines with a diameter of half an inch, the coolant flow rate is 5.7 liters per minute at the generally accepted (1.5 m/s) speed of water movement, with a diameter of 1 inch - 30 liters. But for pipes with a cross-section of 2 inches, the flow rate will already be at the level of 170 liters. Always select the diameter of the pipes in such a way that you do not have to overpay extra money for energy resources.

The flow rate of the pump itself is determined by the following ratio: N/t2-t1. In this formula, t1 refers to the temperature of the water in the return pipes (usually it is 65–70 °C), and t2 is the temperature provided by the heating unit (at least 90 °C). And the letter N denotes the boiler power (this value is in the equipment passport). The pump pressure is set according to the standards accepted in our country and Europe. It is believed that 1 kW of power of a circulation unit is quite enough for high-quality heating of 1 square meter of a private home.

Circulation pumps are installed in two ways. The first connection diagram for the unit is two-pipe. This connection method is described by a high temperature difference in the system and variable coolant flow. The second scheme is one-pipe. In this case, the temperature difference in will be insignificant, and the media consumption will be constant.

Installed circulation pump

Connect the pump yourself according to the instructions that come with the unit. It also indicates the installation procedure for the functional reinforcement chain. Before installing the pump, be sure to drain all water from the system. Often there is a need to clean it. During the operation of the heating boiler, a lot of debris accumulates on the internal surfaces of the pipes, which worsens the technical performance of the system.

Experts advise placing the circulation unit in front of the boiler - on the return line. This is done in order to eliminate the risk of boiling of an open type heating system due to the vacuum that is created when installing the supply pump. In addition, if you install a circulation unit on the return line, its trouble-free operation will be significantly increased due to the fact that it will operate at lower temperatures.

The pump installation procedure itself looks like this:

1. Make a bypass (in professional slang - bypass) in the area where the pump will be located. The bypass diameter is always taken to be slightly smaller compared to the cross-section of the main pipe.
2. Mount (strictly horizontally) the shaft of the pumping device, and place the terminal box on top.
3. Place valves (ball valves) on both sides of the pump.
4. Install the filter. It is not recommended to operate the equipment without this device.
5. Place an automatic (or manual) release valve above the bypass line. This device will allow you to clean air pockets that regularly form in the system.

Next, valves (shut-off) are installed at the inlet-outlet section of the circulation unit. For an open heating system, an expansion tank is additionally required (not installed in closed complexes). The final stage of installation work is the treatment of all connection points of various elements of the system with a good sealant.