How many inhabitants in Italy per. Demographics of Italy

According to the latest census data, the population of Italy in October 2011 was 59,464,644 people. Italy ranks fourth in Europe in terms of population after Germany, France and England, and twenty-third in the world. Italy also ranks first in Europe in terms of population density - 201 people per square kilometer. There are 1,962,760 more women in Italy than men. So, out of 100 Italians, 52 are women.

Population census

Ancient Rome kept a census of its citizens as early as the 6th century BC. The census of that time provided for social status, the amount of taxes paid, belonging to political groups and role in military formations. According to the surviving data from the census of 465 BC, the population of Rome was 107,714 people. In the sixteenth century, Naples, Venice, and Florence carried out very precise and systematic studies of the composition of their populations.

In 1861, the first modern official census was conducted in Italy, immediately after the unification of the country. From that moment on, the population of Italy was recalculated periodically every 10 years. The exceptions were 1891 (lack of funds), and 1941 (World War II). In 1936, an additional census was conducted, only five years after the previous one. The reason for this was the new law, which provided for a census every five years. But the law did not last long, soon Italy returned to the ten-year cycle of the census, which is still in effect today. Since 1926, the population census has been conducted by Istat - the National Institute of Statistics.

Age of Italian citizens

Italy has a large number of elderly people, as the country has a rather low birth rate. The average age of men in Italy is 79.1 years, women 84.3 years. The low birth rate, along with the increase in life expectancy, has formed the phenomenon of an aging nation in Italy. Italians born in the 1960s make up the largest age group in the country.

On January 1 last year, the number of young Italian citizens under the age of 14 was only 14% of the total number of inhabitants of the country. The number of people over the age of 65 was 95,000. This is about a fifth of the country's total population. There were about 6.1% of people over the age of 80. Also in the country at the beginning of this year there were 600 people over 105 years old. On January 1, a 113-year-old resident of Veneto was recognized as the oldest person in the country.

Most people over 65 live in Liguria. In addition to it, the most “aging” regions include Friuli-Venezia Giulia, in which 23% of residents over 65 years old live. But in Campania the situation is the opposite - only 16.5% of people over 65 years old there, in Sicily - 18.8%.

The median age in Italy is 43.7 years. But in Liguria, the average age of residents is 47.8 years, and in Campania - 40.5 years.

Immigration and emigration

At the end of the 19th century, Italy was considered a country of mass emigration. First of all, residents of the northern regions of the country left their homeland. Far fewer people left from the south. Most Italians left for the USA, Brazil, Argentina, and central Europe. At the beginning of the 20th century, immigration in Italy began to acquire an internal character, as the inhabitants of the southern regions were attracted by the high level of industrial development in the north of the country. Today, the number of Italians living outside the country is estimated at around 4 million people.

If we talk about immigration, then in the 90s of the last century, the number of legally residing foreigners in Italy has grown rapidly. On January 1, 2011, 4,563,000 immigrants lived in Italy, which is 7.5 percent of the total population of the country. In Italy, the largest diasporas are Romanian (more than 1 million people), then Albanian (about 490,000 people), then Moroccan (about 457,000). In addition, about half a million foreigners are in the country illegally. Over the past ten years, the number of foreigners who came to Italy for permanent residence has tripled. So, even less than ten years ago, the number of foreign citizens was 23.4 per Italian, today this figure has grown to 63.4 people.

The foreign population is unevenly distributed in Italy - about two out of three immigrants live in the north of the country, especially in the northwestern regions. Today, 36 percent of the foreign population of Italy lives there.

If we take the percentage of foreigners to the natives of the country, it is also higher in the northwest (about 86 per thousand inhabitants) and also in the northeast (93 per thousand). In the south of Italy, there are only 24.3 foreigners per thousand natives, on the islands - 21.4. But in the last ten years, the number of foreigners who live in the southern regions of Italy has grown by 192%.

Population growth. Birth and death rates

After the unification of the country in the 19th century, the population of Italy was just over 22 million. The population grew at a fairly low rate, including due to the large number of emigrants. The population boom in the country began in the 60s of the last century and continued until the 70s. When compared, for example, with Germany and France, the number of human losses as a result of the First and Second World Wars in Italy is relatively small. The country's population remained virtually unchanged between 1981 and 2001. In the next decade, a significant increase in population began, primarily due to immigrants, who in the country are about 7.5% of the total population.

Italy has one of the lowest birth rates in the world, despite the fact that since the 90s of the last century, the birth rate in the country has been gradually increasing, mainly due to immigrant women, in whose families it is traditionally pleasant to have many children.

According to the data of the National Institute of Statistics, as of 2011, there were approximately 1.42 children per Italian woman. This figure does not reach the ideal - 2.1, which maintains a constant population, but nevertheless, the figure is much higher than the minimum (1.18 children) that was in 1995. The increase in the birth rate applies to both Italian women and foreign women. Higher rates in the northern regions of Italy - 1.48 in 2011, lower in the central - 1.38, as well as the southern regions of Italy - 1.35. Thus, almost fourteen percent of all children born in the country in 2010 were foreign women. The highest birth rate was seen in the Trentino-Alto-Age region, followed by Campania, Lombardy and Vale d'Aosta. The lowest population growth rates are in Molise, Liguria and Balizicata.

If we talk about the percentage of deaths, then the palm in this sad statistics belongs to Liguria, followed by Friuli-Venezia Giulia, then Tuscany and Molise. The lowest mortality rate in Trentino is Alto Aggia, Puglia and Campania.

Italy population density

The most densely populated regions of Italy: Campania (492 people per sq. km), Lombardy (412 people per sq. m), Lazio (330), Liguria (298). The lowest population densities are in Vale d'Aosta (39), Basilicata (59), Bolzano (68) and Sardinia (69).

Rome is the most populous Italian city. The population density in the capital is more than 12,000 people per square kilometer. The city with the lowest population density is Briga Alta. Only 48 people live in it, the population density is 1 person per square kilometer.

The city of Portici is also one of the most densely populated places in Italy - its population density is 12,000 people per square kilometer.

The largest city in terms of area is Rome, the smallest area is occupied by the town of Fiera di Primiero (0.15 square kilometers).

About 67% of the total population of Italy lives in large cities.

Italian families

In the last decade, the number of family unions in Italy has increased from 21.810.676 to 24.512.012 (2011 census data). But at the same time, the average number of members of one family has decreased from 2.6 to 2.4.

Compared with the 70s of the last century, the number of marriages in Italy has almost halved. So, in 1972, 420,000 weddings were celebrated in the country, and in 2010 only 218,000.

For several decades, the structure of families in Italy has undergone significant changes. The official registration of marriage is increasingly shelved, a large number of couples prefer to live in a civil union, without registration and church ceremony. The number of illegitimate children is growing. The late maturation of the population leads to the fact that the decision to create a family is made by Italians already at a very mature age.

An increase in the percentage of unstable marriages has also been noticed, the number of divorces has increased, although the statistics are still at a lower level than the average European one.

For example, in 2009 in Italy, 54,456 couples filed for divorce, twice as many as in 1995.

As of December 31, 2017, the population of Italy is 60.483.973 people and thus, Italy is the 4th country in the European Union in terms of population (after Germany, France and the UK) and 23rd in the world. The country's demographic density of 200.71 inhabitants per square kilometer is higher than the European average. At the end of the 19th century, after unification, the population of Italy was only about 28 million. Population growth was slow in the last decades of the nineteenth century, even because of the large wave of emigration.

The most densely populated region of Italy is Lombardy, where a little more than 10 million people with a population density of 421 people per square km, the smallest region of Valle Daosta with 126 thousand people and a population density of 39 people per square km

The nation is getting old

Istat states the aging of the nation, so the average age has reached 45 years. Italy is the second largest country in the world, with an estimated 168.7 older people outnumbered by only 100 young people as of January 1, 2018. For the ninth year in a row, there has been a decline in the birth rate: in 2017, a new historical low was recorded for the birth rate, which reached a historical maximum and decreased by 2% compared to 2016 and amounted to only 464 thousand newborns. While the death rate increased by +5.1%, which in numerical terms is - 31 thousand deaths. The demographic situation of the population in 2017 is negative (-183 thousand) and records a new historical low. Population aging, explains Istat, depends on several factors, which include: the death rate, the birth rate, the level of health care and the way people live.

As of 2015, Italy has entered a phase of demographic decline and for the third year in a row, the total population is decreasing, by almost 100,000 people compared to the previous year. As of January 1, 2018, the population is 60.5 million inhabitants, while the foreign population is 8.4% (5.6 million). An estimate of the foreign population as of January 1, 2018 shows an increase of 18 thousand people compared to the previous year.

It is estimated that last year there were about 100,000 children born to a family of at least one foreign parent (21.1% of the total number of births). Since 2012, the birth rate of the foreign population has been falling. Reduce, in particular, those born to both foreign parents were estimated at 66,000 in 2017 (14.2% of total births). The age of mothers is increasing and in 2016 it is 31 years old, while in 1980 it was 26 years old.

Social environment

Another interesting aspect of the Istat analysis has to do with the perception of social support: it is related to physical well-being, but mostly to people's psychological well-being. The themes of isolation and loneliness, potentially common to all age groups, become especially relevant for people due to many factors: health status, advanced age, characteristics of the place of residence, family structure. The measurement of perceived social support is based on a common indicator at the European level, the so-called “Overall perceived social support”, which synthesizes three dimensions: the expansion of the social support network, the degree of loneliness and isolation, and the presence of practical social support. According to this indicator of support, more than a quarter of people (27.7%) perceive strong support, 17.2% feel deprived or almost supportive (weak support), while more than half of people are in an intermediate position (55.1%) .

Population age

Age structure of the population:

13.4% of the population is under the age of 15,

64.1% aged 15 to 64

22.6% are over 65.

The population of people over 80 reaches 7.0%,

more than 15,500 people over 100 years old.

centenarians

Centenarians 15,500 people: a large number, but compared to the previous year they have decreased by 2 thousand less. The decline has persisted since 2016 and corresponds to the year they entered the class aged 100 or more - the generations born during the First World War are characterized by a sharp decline in the birth rate due to the period of the Second World War and therefore less numerous since those who preceded or followed them. The difference between the sexes, in terms of longer life expectancy for women than for men, is even more obvious when taking into account the extreme age groups of the population: people under 105 years old make up 1.091, of which 951 are women, or 87.2%. Super-centenarians (110 years and older) - there are 20 of them, 4 men and 16 women.

The ratio of male and female population

In the last 20 years across Europe there has been a decrease in the number of men compared to women by 3%.

In Italy, the ratio is 94.6 men to every 100 women, similar to France (94.8 to every 100), Germany, Greece and Serbia. The only European countries where there are more men than women are Iceland, Norway and Luxembourg.

Which resembles the shape of a boot. June 2, 1946 is considered the founding date of the republic. Territory - 301 thousand km². Italy is classified as a developed country with a capitalist economy. The country has been a member of the EEC (now the EU) since 1957, NATO since 1949, the UN since 1955. As in any modern society, counteracting population aging, legalization of emigration processes and other pressing problems associated with demography , are the priorities of the state policy in the development of the country.

Brief overview of modern population

The current population of Italy is 61,800 thousand people. This figure includes citizens of the country, labor migrants and illegal emigrants. The number of urban residents reaches 68%. The male population is 49%, or 30,256 thousand people. Migration for the past period of 2015 is approaching 150 thousand.

The population of Italy consists of 93.5% of the indigenous people (Italians), and the rest are mainly Albanians, Romanians and Arabs. The Russian diaspora numbers 130,000 people.

The official language is Italian. Some provinces have granted the right to use minority languages. Capital - Rome. The population in the main city of Italy, taking into account the surrounding area, is approaching 4 million inhabitants.

History

Various tribes have settled on the territory of modern Italy since ancient times, but according to accepted data, the Ligurians are considered the indigenous population. It was they, according to historians, who gave the name to the island of Sicily and the region in the region of Genoa. Other peoples inhabited the peninsula from the outside. One of the tribes that settled off the coast of the Mediterranean and gave the name to the country were the Italians, whose structure of society was divided into clans. They included Latins, Umbers and Osks. The north was inhabited by Venets.

A thousand years before our era, the mysterious Etruscan tribes invaded the Apennines, whose high culture laid the foundation for the rapid development of the Italians and other nationalities. The population of Italy over the next few centuries gradually came under the control of the Tusks, or Tyrrhenes (as the Etruscan natives called it), and by the 6th century BC, this people formed a dynasty of Roman kings. Despite their high development, the Etruscans failed to create a single state capable of resisting an external enemy, and as a result of this imperfection, Italy was captured by the Gauls in the 5th century. By 510 BC. e., after repeated wars, the Tus were expelled, and a republic was established in Rome.

Demography

At different times, the championship in the number of inhabitants passed to different cities. Greek colonization condensed Sicily, medieval Venice was not inferior to its contemporary, and before the complete unification of the country, Naples was the largest city. The population of Italy in the past tended to migrate within the country. Mostly southerners moved to the more developed North. The current situation in terms of residential density is primarily due to the state of the economy and the availability of jobs in the regions of the country.

Italy is considered a densely populated country in Europe. The density of inhabitants is uneven, and an increase in this indicator is observed towards the more developed northern regions of the state. The largest number of citizens live on the plains of Lombardy, Liguria and Campania. In terms of population density, which, for example, for Naples is about 2,500 people per km², cities can be compared with the largest settlements in Eurasia. At the same time, no more than 35 people per square kilometer live in the mountains.

Ethnos

The population of Italy is not distinguished by the presence of a large number of ethnic groups. Italians make up 94%, and the remaining residents include:

• Asians - 2.5%. This group includes Chinese, Koreans, Indians and Sri Lankans.
• To Europeans - 1.5% (Swiss, Russians, Ukrainians, Austrians, Romanians, Poles, Slovenes and others).
• To immigrants from the states of the Maghreb - 1.5%.
• To the natives of South America - 0.5% (Brazilians, Venezuelans, Colombians, Argentines).

The peoples inhabiting the state in its present form mostly migrate illegally or come on work visas. The authorities carefully control illegal border crossings, and residence permits are very reluctant to grant.

Geography

Where do ethnic groups live and what is the population in Italy? This is a frequently asked question by tourists. Although other nationalities, nations and nationalities are represented by a small number (about 6%) of the total number of inhabitants, nevertheless, the geography of residence is extensive.

The north of the country is inhabited by Romansh, whose number reaches 350,000 people. The French diaspora in the amount of more than 70,000 citizens also lives there. 50,000 Yugoslavs (Serbs and Croats) emigrated to this region, and Greeks (30,000) and Albanians (80,000) settled in the south and famous Sicily. In addition, there are about 10,000 Catalans and 50,000 Jews on the island of Sardinia.

Religion

Faith is an integral part of the life of almost every Italian. The location of the Vatican in Rome - the center of Catholicism - determines the adherence to this religion by more than 90% of the inhabitants. In every city there are ancient temples that support the authorities and the population of the country in proper condition. Italy tends to be tolerant of other religions, which over the past decades has been especially emphasized by the head of the Catholic Church - the Pope.

In different parts of the country there are religious communities that profess Islam, Judaism, various directions of Christianity and Eastern beliefs. In addition, as in every state, there are various sects and religious societies.

Capital and major cities

The main city of the state is Rome. About 3 million people live directly in the capital, and with the agglomeration the number of inhabitants reaches 4 million. The population of Italian cities is more than 60%, and 12% of the inhabitants are concentrated in 7 large cities. Milan is the largest city with a population of 7.5 million, followed by Rome, Naples and Turin. Internal migration between cities is significantly inferior to movement within the EU, which annually reaches 2 million people. Most of the population migrates to the United States.

Features of the population of Italy

Italians are world famous for their specialties, mafia, cars, opera and many more attractions. The peculiarities of the inhabitants include their unique temperament, the presence of a mass of talented performers of various musical genres and the admiration of the male half for the beauty of women.

Each province, city or village has its own local customs, but the indisputable law for every Italian is the veneration of his own family. Love for loved ones is transmitted to the inhabitants of the Apennines from early childhood and is supported by education until old age.

The most modern feature is the commitment to football. Well-known teams bear the names of cities and bring happiness to Italians from victories in all prestigious championships. The game of football unites the population of Italy. A photo in the corporate uniform of the native club has become one of the traditions of local residents.

Economy. Employment

40% of the population is the economically active population of Italy. Briefly, the financial condition of the country in the current decade can be called a crisis and a dead end in its development. The constant rise in unemployment, which exceeds 2 million people, cannot stop the measures taken by the government of the country, and donor assistance ensures an annual increase in external debt. The consequences of the 2008 crisis have not yet been eliminated, and the economy is constantly in a state of stagnation.

With a GDP per capita of $15,000, every Italian has a foreign debt of almost $40,000. Italy's total external debt exceeds $2.4 trillion, with more than $36 billion invested in the economy this year.

According to statistics, the number of working women in the country reaches 41% of the total working population. According to analytical calculations, this figure will be equal to the number of men by 2033. Most of the fairer sex hold positions of managers at various levels.

The population is mainly employed in the following sectors of the economy:

• service industry;
• processing industry;
• automotive industry and machine tool industry.

The global manufacturers include concerns "Fiat", "Olivetti", "Benetton" and others. In agriculture, the population is engaged in crop production. Rice, grapes, citrus fruits, tomatoes and other agricultural products are grown commercially.

Education

The majority of Italian citizens and persons who have immigrated to the country have higher education. But at present, it is almost impossible to get a job by profession, and able-bodied people are forced to work in several enterprises at the same time. Such employment does not provide effective earnings, often the average salary of part-time workers in general does not exceed 1 thousand euros. Two or more types of work are available only to the young population, but living expenses are almost equal to income, which does not contribute to the growth of the country's economy as a whole.

The existing unemployment forces Italians to look for vacancies in foreign markets. The most popular destinations for labor migration in the country are Germany, France and the United States.

2.7k (14 per week)

At the end of spring this year, the population of Italy was about 60 million people. The number of women does not significantly prevail (51% to 49% of the representatives of the strong half of humanity). In 2016, the population in the country increased by 42.5 thousand people, mainly due to immigrants. In the coming years, population growth in Italy will be negative, as the number of births is less than the number of deaths. If migration processes continue similarly to 2016, then the population will increase by 100,000 people. The population density of the state, taking into account land and water surfaces, is 198.7 people/m2. The vast majority of people living in Italy are between the ages of 15 and 65 (65%). People over 65 years old - 20.3% of the total, under 15 years old - 13.8%. For men and women, the average life expectancy is 81 years, which is 10 years more than the rest of the world. 99.1% of the total adult population are literate, among young people this figure is even higher - 99.9%.

Ethnic composition

93% of the country's population consider themselves Italians, there are also large diasporas hereAlbanians, Arabs, Romanians. 2.5% consider themselves Asians (these are mainly Koreans, Chinese, Indians and Sri Lankans), 1.5% - Europeans (including Slovenes, Ukrainians, Swiss, Austrians and Poles), Latin Americans (immigrants from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela) - 0.5%. The official number of registered immigrants from Russia is 130 thousand people. The official language is Italian, but it has many dialects characteristic of a particular area. In some regions, the languages ​​of national minorities are used on an equal basis with the official one. The largest city in the country is Rome, taking into account the agglomeration, the number of its inhabitants is approaching 4 million.

The history of the settlement of the territory of Italy

On the site of today's Italian Republic, settlements of ancient people have long been located, but only the descendants of the Ligurians are considered by right to be the indigenous population. According to scientists, it was they who gave the island of Sicily its name. All other ethnic groups arrived in Italy from outside, including the Italians, who gave the name to the country. This nation had a strictly defined hierarchy and was divided into genus of Oskovs, Umbrians and Latins settled in the north Veneti. Mystical and mysterious Etruscans, thanks to which the culture of other peoples has received such a rapid development. Periodically, the population of Italy was under the control tyrrhenes, then tuskov and only 600 years before the birth of Christ, the first dynasty of Roman kings was formed, who also came from the Etruscans. Due to the lack of consolidation, the country gradually began to disintegrate into several regions, which were subsequently captured by the Gauls. By the beginning of the 6th century, the Etruscans finally lost power, and the first republic was founded in Rome.

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According to statistics, the population of Italy is just over 60 million people. For half a century, the annual growth has been less than one percent, but the positive trend continues. Residents of Italy in terms of population occupy the fourth position in the ranking of European countries. Since ancient times, the Apennine Peninsula has been inhabited by scattered tribes and nationalities who considered the favorable climate and fertile lands an ideal place to live. Due to the variety of settlements, Italy is considered a rather motley country, which today differs greatly from east to west and from south to north.

Ethnic composition

More than 90% of the inhabitants of Italy are native Italians. The rest consists of Albanians, Arabs, Germans, French and other nationalities. National minorities unite in diasporas, but it is very difficult to accurately calculate the number of certain ethnic associations. The Italians themselves are divided into separate groups:

• Ligurians;
• Tuscans;
• Sardinians;
• Sicilians;
• basilicants;
• Calabrians.

There are more than 20 groups in total. Each group has its own dialect, traditions, culinary preferences. Sociologists note that for every Italian belonging to an ethnic group is primary. That is, a person is first a Tuscan, and only then an Italian. This is emphasized in every possible way in communication, so Italy can be called a beautiful mosaic picture, which consists of many separate elements.

Geographic distribution

All inhabitants of Italy are conditionally divided into southerners and northerners. Since ancient times, the north (continental part) was considered more industrial and economically active. Industry, trade relations and political ties developed here. The south remained an agrarian and poor province, although over time it turned into a tourist center.

The disproportion between north and south becomes especially noticeable during the economic crisis. Unemployment and GDP per capita in the southern part of the country are more deplorable.

The economic attractiveness of the northern regions leads to internal migration processes. The most populous regions today are Campania, Lombardy and Liguria. The most populous cities are Rome, Milan, Naples, Turin.

Age composition

The average life expectancy of Italians is 82 years:

• 79 years for men;
• 85 years for women.

This life expectancy is due to good health and a high level of medical development. The age structure is dominated by the population group aged 15 to 64 years. However, the proportion of the working population is only 66%, which indicates a high pension burden.

It is worth noting that Italian society is called aging, that is, the number of children in the family is constantly decreasing. This may have negative consequences in the future, so the Italian government is pursuing an active demographic policy and paying benefits to young families to stimulate the birth rate.

Religion

The main religion for the population of Italy is Catholicism. It is practiced by 96.7% of the population. The rest is accounted for by other representatives of Christianity: Orthodox, Jehovah's Witnesses, Baptists, Lutherans and others. For a long time, religion for Italians was a dominant part of life, and today its role remains very important. It is not for nothing that in Italy, namely in the Vatican, there is a world center of Catholicism.

Italian traditions and customs

Italians respect their history and strongly support the traditions of the region to which they belong. Moreover, each family has its own customs, which are passed down from generation to generation. The cult of the family, in the broadest sense of the word, is strongly supported. Parents always carry pictures of their children with them and vice versa. Family photos of several generations are stored at home. On important dates, even distant relatives gather at a common table.

Craft traditions are of great importance. Until now, the continuity of professions has been preserved, when the father passes on his knowledge to his son. Italians are famous for glassware, ceramics, and vines.

Interesting holidays in Italy. The celebration of the New Year here is the most magnificent among European countries where Christmas is more revered. On New Year's Eve, the table is adorned with many dishes, and when the clock strikes, it is necessary to break the dishes. This is done to drive away negative energy and attract good luck. Also, Italians wear red underwear on New Year's Eve so that love and success are always there. After the holiday, these wardrobe items must be destroyed.

Tourists who first came to Italy note the following habits of the indigenous people:

• gesticulate very actively during a conversation;
• like to talk (on important topics and just “about nothing”);
• have developed a real cult of food and prefer unhurried meals;
• do not accept strict time frames.

Italians are very cheerful and energetic people. They appreciate every minute of their life, as if they are tasting it: slowly, with pleasure. They are not characterized by the eternal race for money or material values. With much more pleasure, they spend time surrounded by family and friends. They do not consider it shameful to stop a car in the middle of the road and exchange a few phrases with an old acquaintance in a nearby car.