Effective and simple ways to heat rooms: infrared emitters. Using infrared lamps for heating rooms Heating lamp

Heating small rooms, as well as local areas of large rooms, is especially important in the autumn-winter period. For this purpose, alternative heat sources are often used - infrared radiators for heating, which are widely used in animal husbandry, crop production and other branches of human activity. The use of such lamps has a number of advantages.

1. Easy to use and harmless if safety precautions are followed.
2. Electricity consumption when operating IR emitters for heating is minimal.
3. Possibility of installing an infrared lamp with your own hands.
4. You can use such a lamp by screwing it into a standard ceramic socket.
5. Does not dry out the air and does not burn oxygen in a heated room.
6. Can work for a long time.

Device and types

An infrared lamp in its structure and appearance resembles a conventional incandescent lamp, but much larger. It consists of a glass flask with a reflector, which is filled with a gas mixture and a tungsten filament.

All such emitters can be divided into 2 types:

1. Infrared mirror - this type is used both for heating a room and for lighting it.
2. Infrared mirror red - are distinguished by their red color and are primarily used for heating. The red lamp provides virtually no light.

In addition to conventional IR lamps for heating rooms, the following are also used:

Application of IR lamps

Heating using infrared radiation is widely used today in various areas of human activity.

In livestock

Lamps with IR radiation and heaters have found wide application in this industry; they are used both in industrial livestock farming and in households for heating newborn piglets, lambs and poultry in the autumn-winter period. With the help of infrared emitters, you can maintain optimal temperature and a favorable microclimate in the livestock building.

It has been scientifically proven that the use of heating emitters in the first days of life of young farm animals significantly increases their resistance to diseases, promotes rapid development and growth due to good appetite and better absorption of feed.

On private farms At the present stage, not only heaters from incandescent light bulbs are used - made by hand at home, but also industrial infrared panels and infrared heating mats for animals. This significantly reduces heating costs and increases overall livestock productivity.

For heating greenhouses

Infrared lamps and heaters in plant growing are used mainly for heating and lighting greenhouses in the spring and when growing seedlings of cultivated plants. The infrared heating element can be made in the form of a panel for heating a large area or locally in the form of a heating lamp. With the help of infrared radiation, the desired lighting regime is created, mold and pathogenic bacteria are destroyed, and an optimal microclimate is maintained inside the greenhouse, conducive to the growth and development of plants.

Industrial use

Infrared rays are widely used in the chemical and automotive industries for heat treatment of various materials, drying varnishes and paints applied to metal, wood, fabric and other surfaces. In construction for installation of heated floors. In the food industry for drying food such as mushrooms, vegetables, fruits. A special feature of drying food using infrared radiation is that it is dried at fairly low temperatures, which allows preserving most of the vitamins and microelements, as well as the natural color and taste of the food.

In medicine and cosmetology

Heating lamps have been successfully used for quite a long time in practical medicine and cosmetology, as well as in various medical devices for home use. With their help, specialists treat respiratory and skin diseases, relieve spasms and pain in muscle tissue.

The principle of the therapeutic effect of infrared radiation is based on improving metabolism in heated tissues, which contributes to their rapid regeneration. It should be noted that the use of such emitters at home must be agreed with a medical specialist, since their use is contraindicated for a number of diseases.

Attention, TODAY only!

For owners of private farms, whether raising poultry or livestock, it is important to get maximum profit without loss of quality. To achieve the best results, it is necessary to create comfortable conditions for the growth and development of animals, especially for young animals. As a rule, offspring on farms appear in the cold season, in winter or spring, so one of the main conditions for keeping them is a comfortable room temperature, which can be maintained using infrared heating lamps.

Russian-made infrared mirror lamps (IRLRs) have transparent and red bulbs. The former emit both light and heat, the latter convert almost all the energy received into heat. Despite the fact that both types belong to high-power lamps, their use is justified due to their long service life - up to 5 thousand hours.

Characteristics:

Universal base E27;

Power 250W;

Length 195 mm;

Diameter 130 mm;

The German company Osram produces infrared lamps with transparent SICCATHERM bulbs. Capsule type, with a parabolic reflector, that is, a mirror, such a lamp concentrates thermal energy on objects 50-100 centimeters away from itself. Overheating at this distance is completely eliminated.

Characteristics:

Universal base E27;

Power 250W and 375W;

Light direction angle 30°

Length 180 mm;

Diameter 125 mm;

The range of the international company Philips includes infrared incandescent lamps with transparent and red, as well as partially red capsule-type bulbs made of tempered glass. The IR lamps from this manufacturer have a dimming function that allows you to adjust the brightness of the light.

Lamps with red and clear finishes have a large diameter bulb, allowing the radiated heat to reach every object in the room.

Characteristics:

Universal base E27;

Power 175 W;

Length 136 mm;

The 150W and 250W ruby ​​top lamps heat up instantly and save up to 30% of incoming energy thanks to a special reflective system. These types of lamps are appropriate to use where light disturbs animals, as they reduce the visible spectrum of radiation and have a calming effect.

The capsule shape of the reflector makes it possible to concentrate heat on a specific object, for example, young animals, since adult animals are less demanding in maintaining the temperature regime.

Characteristics:

Universal base E27;

Power 250 W;

Length 173 mm;

Diameter 125 mm;

Infrared irradiation has a beneficial effect on the condition of animals, improves appetite, and therefore rapid growth, and also increases the body's resistance to various types of infections.

Infrared heaters are the most diverse product in their category in terms of range and prices. Among all lines of models and manufacturers, you can find devices with different wavelengths, intended for domestic and industrial premises, powered by gas, electricity and diesel fuel. There are portable options that are placed on the floor, wall and ceiling. A number of brands also have built-in models.

Ceiling IR heaters have earned popularity because they do not take up usable space in the room. We will talk about them today.

What is an infrared heater

Infrared lamps for heating a room on the ceiling are not fundamentally different from their floor and wall counterparts.

The heating element induces infrared radiation, which is transmitted to objects within the reach of the rays: floors, walls, furniture. They absorb this radiation, heat up and release thermal energy to the air.

The wavelength that an element emits depends on the degree to which it is heated. The temperature it achieves varies from 300 to 1000 degrees, and the wavelength ranges from 50 to 0.76 microns. The dependence is well expressed: the higher the temperature, the shorter the wavelength.

Short waves have greater penetrating power, can dry out the skin and even lead to burns, but their intensity weakens with distance from the source.

The emitter can be made in the form of a carbon spiral, placed in a quartz tube, nichrome sealed in ceramics, a tungsten filament in a halogen lamp, metal films between layers of silicone and a conductor between layers of mica (micathermic elements). The presence of one or another housing on the conductor eliminates the burning of oxygen, which is very typical for the same elements without a housing (especially tungsten and nichrome). New generation ceiling infrared heaters are increasingly equipped with metal-ceramic heating elements.

Ceiling heaters have one important advantage: they do not take up space where there may be interior items or people. Being placed on the ceiling, they do not get underfoot, but they have a good coverage area, because the radiation is not obstructed by objects standing in the way.

Types of ceiling infrared heaters

Currently, there are three main directions in the production of this type of heating devices, and each of them has its own buyer. They are classified not so much according to the physical principles of operation, but rather according to their form, quantitative indicators and method of installation.

Gas heating appliances

As you might guess, they run on gas. Most often, a gas cylinder of various release forms is connected, but there are also models designed (or allowing) to connect main natural gas. The gas burning in the chamber heats the radiant panel, and it transfers the heat further.

Such devices have many advantages: they heat up very quickly, do not generate dust, are great for outdoor use, but what would be an advantage for a cold workshop or a garage with a high ceiling will be a disadvantage for a room. These devices come in both short-wave (light) and long-wave (dark), but they all have high power, which can cause overheating and fire. Burning gas burns oxygen (1 cubic meter of methane requires 10 cubic meters of air for combustion), so the room where such heaters are located must be equipped with an exhaust hood.

Thanks to this combination of advantages and disadvantages, ceiling gas devices have found their buyer in production, but they are of little use for domestic use, except that at the dacha they can be hung in the yard. But among mobile models They have no competitors for such devices, and they are deservedly popular among tourists.

Among the ceiling models, it is worth noting such brands as Condor, Pacole, Roberts Gordon Blackheat, Norgaz, Ballu, and among Russian ones - Infra, SCHWANK.

If you purchased such a device for heating a workshop, workshop or other industrial premises, be sure to equip it with an exhaust hood and do not store explosives or flammable substances in it.

Electric heaters

This type of device is the most popular. Their merits cannot be ignored. First of all, this is:

• ease of installation;
• rapid heating of the room;
• absence of combustion products and oxygen burning;
• does not generate dust and does not emit odor.

All this is somewhat offset by the high price and the need to find the optimal location, because the irradiation angle is about 90 degrees. Low ceilings make the coverage of the room minimal, and the buyer is often faced with the choice of where to hang the emitter - above the bed or above the desk.

Before choosing a heater of this type, pay attention to the shape of the reflector and the lower front surface. If the first is semicircular and the second is flat, then the coverage angle will be no more than 90 degrees. To heat large rooms, opt for models with a semicircular front, or even better, with a tubular radiator. The latter have coverage exceeding 120 degrees.

Such devices are mounted on suspensions, but there are also models that can be mounted to the ceiling. They are equipped with good thermal insulation that prevents fire. You should take a closer look at the installation features in advance, since it is dangerous to build a device that is not intended for this purpose into the ceiling.

All ceiling heaters are equipped with a control unit, which is located on the wall. It is a box with a thermostat that allows you to regulate the temperature. The following brands of these products are available on the market: Almac, Ballu, Timberk, Peony, Resanta, NroClima, IkoLine, EcoLine, Bilux, Polaris.

Before buying such a device, evaluate the dimensions of the room where you will hang it. This is the area, ceiling height and the presence of various niches, if the room is not strictly rectangular. Also pay attention to the starting temperature and the one you want to achieve. This will determine the coverage and power with which you choose a product.

Warm ceilings

This is a built-in version of the heater, which is a carbon heater in a film, which is why they are sometimes called infrared films. The film is mounted on a layer of heat-insulating material, most often rolled, connected to a thermostat and covered with a false ceiling. Usually this is lining, plasterboard or suspended tiled ceilings.

This is a very economical and convenient heating method, and also safe: the film does not heat above 45 degrees. Disadvantages include:

Among the manufacturers it is worth noting the Korean Caleo, Heat, the Russian PSO-EVOLUTION (Zebra film) and NTK Innotech (Nirvana film), and the American Calorique.

Overview of individual models

The table shows the comparative characteristics of 1 kW devices from different manufacturers.

	Heating area, sq. m	Dimensions, cm	price, rub.
Almac IK 11P	10-20	133x16x3	3400
Timberk TCH A5 1000	12	115x14x5	2800
Ballu BIH-APL-1.0	10	136x13x4	3000
Wester IH-1000	10	136x13x4	2500
BISON IKO-K3-1000	16	162x15x4	2100
Neoclima IRO-1.0	15	162x15x4	2600
Zilon IR-1.0	20	163x12x4	2800

The price-quality ratio is observed in this product category. The price may increase if there are options, but brand recognition does not lead to a significant increase in price.

An infrared heating lamp is especially valuable on farms and farmsteads. In order to ensure maximum growth and development for pets, optimal conditions are needed to facilitate this. This is most important during the period of maturation of young animals.

One of these conditions is the correct temperature. After all, the premises where animals are kept are not always equipped with heaters. This is precisely the question that is solved.

1 What are infrared heating lamps?

An infrared heating lamp is used in the same way as standard light bulbs. It screws into a regular E27 type socket. The lamp consists of a glass bulb, which is filled with a gaseous mixture of argon and nitrogen.. Inside this composition there is a tungsten filament, which ignites the mixture and thereby distributes mid-wave IR rays.

Most lamp models are a regular light bulb with glass painted on the inside with a special dye. Some models are also complemented by mirrors that direct the rays. They are made in the form of a lamp.

An IR lamp that heats a room has high performance characteristics:

• device power in the range from 50 to 500 W;
• service life is about 5-6 thousand hours without replacement;
• temperature during operation can reach 600 degrees;
• the red heating lamp operates at a voltage of 220 volts;
• The range of infrared radiation in which the device operates is from 3.5 to 5 microns.

Despite the high functionality and solid performance characteristics, such a device in Russia costs on average only 250 rubles.

Infrared lamps are most often supplied to the market in two versions: with a white surface and with a red surface. The first option is more often used as a lighting device in residential premises. The second option is a pet heater. The IR rays emitted by such a lamp are practically no different from the sun. The only difference is the complete absence of ultraviolet radiation.

The surface of the socket with which the IR lamp is used must necessarily be ceramic. During operation, the lighting device gets very hot and a standard plastic socket will not be able to withstand it.

1.1 Advantages of using infrared lamps

Such illuminators are completely harmless to living organisms and highly economical to use. In addition, the IR lamp has the following advantages:

• unlike large infrared and radiator-type heaters, the lamp does not require a separate free corner in the room;
• when the device is operating, oxygen is not burned, even despite the high temperature;
• the light from such a lamp reaches objects with virtually no loss;
• the temperature in the room rises faster than when large heaters operate;
• suitable for working in small spaces;
• does not create noise during operation;
• does not raise dust in the room.

In addition, the lamp is easy to install. It is enough to screw it into the socket in the selected room and the lamp is ready for use.

1.2 Using a pet heat lamp

Infrared light is effective not only for heating residential premises, but also for warming livestock buildings. It is especially useful for newborn pets. This light allows you to maintain a stable temperature, which has a positive effect on metabolic processes. This ensures normal growth and development of young animals.

There are certain standards that make it possible to create an optimal temperature regime for newborns using an infrared lamp. For piglets and small goats from birth to one week of age, the device is installed at a height of 50 cm from the floor level. As you grow older, your temperature can gradually decrease.

For animals at 2 and 3 weeks of age, this figure is 75 cm. For the age group of 4 weeks and above, the lamp is permanently installed at a height of 100 cm. This mode allows you to create a comfortable temperature for animals in an area of ​​1 square meter.

For young horses, it is better to install a lamp with IR radiation at an angle of 40-45 degrees. This installation method provides the best development indicators.

As for heating time for newborn animals, the lighting should be constant for the first couple of weeks of development. Then you can gradually increase the pause time and reduce the duration of the lighting period. In winter, the lamp for young animals is constantly on. In summer and spring, the heater heats up for 3-5 hours, after which there is a pause for 15-30 minutes.

An IR heating lamp will be no less useful. In this case, the operating mode will be slightly different:

• Before the chick reaches 20 days of age, red infrared light is used;
• after 20 days of life, the color of the lamp must be changed to white;
• it is very important to maintain a stable operating mode of the heater, otherwise the chickens’ body biorhythms associated with the time of day will be disrupted;
• The IR lamp is wiped free of dust and dirt when installed in a cage and when turned off;
• The temperature in the first days of the chickens’ life should be maintained at 35-37 degrees, constantly measuring it with a thermostat.

In order to set the desired temperature, the lamp is installed at different heights. At the same time, the temperature is constantly recorded with a thermometer or. The point at which the light bulb creates the indicators specified by the standards is fixed for the entire period of maturation of the young animals.

If an inexpensive lamp is chosen for heating, it is better to protect it with a mesh frame. Such models do not provide protection from mechanical damage and moisture, and the body is quite fragile. Chickens can easily pierce it with their beak. The fragments can cause serious damage to them.

Based on the results of many studies, scientists have concluded that the red light of IR lamps has a very beneficial effect on the development of birds. Growth accelerates by 10-15%. At the same time, the level of stress and aggressiveness in chickens is significantly reduced.

1.3 Infrared lamp for heating animals (video)

1.4 Using infrared light to heat seedlings

Such heaters are also great for caring for seedlings in winter. They will be a good alternative to sunlight and will effectively influence development.

The lamps are installed on movable pendants, at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from one another. In this case, the movable suspension should provide the ability to freely lower and raise the lamp. This measure is necessary due to the fact that for normal plant growth, the distance from the light source to its above-ground organs must be constantly stable. Therefore, the lamps constantly rise as the crops grow.

2 How to choose a high-quality IR lamp on the domestic market?

The most popular manufacturers of infrared lamps today are Philips, Osram, InterHeat. Their products are valued for their high quality and stable performance.

When buying IR lamps, it is better not to chase low prices. This cost will be commensurate with the quality. You should also not buy products without license marks from the manufacturer. Such light bulbs often turn out to be fake and can fire at the slightest change in the voltage in the network. This in turn poses a risk of injury to poultry chicks and young animals.

Many lamps are characterized by increased protection of the housing from chemical, thermal and mechanical influences. This type of lamp is most optimal for installation in livestock buildings.

An infrared lamp for heating rooms is a rather unusual heating device. This is a good alternative to conventional batteries and traditional electric heaters.

Such devices are used for heating rooms of various purposes. IR heating lamps are distinguished by their gentle warmth and silent operation, and are used in medicine to treat certain diseases.

Not only a heating device, but also useful for blood circulation

Lamp design

The infrared lamp is powered from the electrical network and operates completely autonomously. Simple models are glass flasks with a tungsten filament inside. The glass is brownish-red on the outside, and mirrored on the inside. Such a light bulb can be screwed into a standard socket - it can be either simply suspended or mounted in an additional housing.

More advanced models are compact. In their manufacture, thinner tubes are used, and plus, in addition to the tungsten filament, nitrogen and argon are pumped into the cavity. Although this lamp is small in size, this does not prevent it from producing quite a lot of heat.

On average, power varies from 50 to 500 watts. Often the lamps are screwed into a regular ceramic socket, but sometimes they still require different standards. However, it is necessary to use ceramics - the plastic case will quickly melt due to the high temperature. There is also no need to touch infrared lamps, as this can lead to burns.

The most popular varieties are:

• with a mirror coating - the glass bulb is silver on the inside;
• with blue mirror coating (IKZS);
• with red coating (IKZK).

Lamps without additional coating (ICL) are visually similar to ordinary ones, but in fact they are a source of infrared radiation. They differ in that they can be used for lighting. Functionally, an infrared heater is also made up of lamps, but they are more powerful and can heat a larger area.

Mirror coating in the cavity of the flask performs two tasks:

1. Reflects IR waves several times, thereby increasing power.
2. Directs infrared radiation in the desired direction.

Instead of spraying, external mirror elements are sometimes used, but this is not always effective. However, this design is more preferable if several infrared lamps are combined into one spotlight.

Main characteristics

When purchasing light bulbs, they are guided by several indicators. The main parameters include:

• Wavelength. Available in short, medium and long.
• A type of base. Lamps are often produced using the classic E27 socket.
• Supply voltage. The device for domestic use is equipped with 220 volts.
• Power. Depends on the destination.

Each lamp for the E27 base is marked with an abbreviation in which IKZK, IKZS or IKZ indicate color, and the numerical value indicates power.

For example, IKZS 260 W is a classic red bulb with a mirror coating for 260 Watts.

Operating principle

Infrared lamps work similarly to the sun, a natural source of infrared radiation. The waves directly reach objects in the room (walls, animals or people), and then turn into heat. Almost no power is wasted on heating the air, as happens when using classic heating devices. To feel the warmth, just place your hand under the glass flask without touching it. Thanks to this, IR lamps are very economical.

The device is activated in three simple steps:

1. Current flows to the emitter.
2. The coil begins to heat up.
3. Infrared light appears.

Lamp brightness and wavelength are related inversely. The heated area also depends on this. In bright lamps, the waves are short, which allows them to travel further, and the serviced area increases. With long-wave radiation the opposite is true, but it produces softer heat.

When used wisely, the radiation from these heating devices does not harm living organisms in any way. This also applies to humans, which is why such heaters are widely used at home and in medical institutions.

Advantages and disadvantages

Heating lamps have both advantages and disadvantages. Positive qualities include:

1. Silent work. Noisy fans are not used here, as in heat guns.
2. Maximum benefit. In the case of IR heaters, the efficiency is close to 100%.
3. Easy to install. Many infrared bulbs are manufactured to fit a standard E27 base. The only limitation is that the cartridge must be made of ceramic or other heat-resistant material, and not plastic. In the case of a whole IR illuminator, you just need to connect it to the network.
4. Possibility of spot heating. This feature is used in physiotherapy, as well as for heating small animal cages.
5. Compact forms. A model with a fairly high power (500 watts) is no larger in size than an ordinary incandescent lamp.
6. Benefits for the environment. If the IR lamp is disposed of correctly, it will not harm nature, since during operation it does not burn oxygen and does not release gases into the air.

But there are some disadvantages. The following characteristics can be called negative:

1. The flasks are heated to a high temperature. If anyone accidentally touches the glass, they risk serious burns.
2. If you violate the operating standards, then a person will feel discomfort during a long stay in the area of ​​operation of the light bulb.
3. High power consumption is too much of a disadvantage, since IR heaters use energy very efficiently.

If you follow the operating rules, these devices will have no disadvantages.

Scope of application

Infrared spotlights are actively used by livestock and poultry breeders and other agricultural workers. They have also found their place in everyday life, medicine, for heating open areas, in production and in many other areas of human activity.

Infrared lamps are widely used in various fields

Household use

Halogen infrared bulbs often become the basis of outdoor heaters. Even at low power, short waves propagate over a large area. This is effective for recreation areas near swimming pools, verandas and terraces, outdoor cafes and restaurants - heat guns are useless for all of these places.

Low and medium wavelength IR illuminators also suitable for heating residential and commercial premises. Installation on both the ceiling and walls is allowed - in both cases, the rays, spreading throughout the room, will provide comfortable conditions for the people in it.

Due to high energy consumption, any electric heaters are not used on an ongoing basis, but to help the main heating if it cannot cope with the load. If long-term heating of the room is required, special long-wave infrared heaters are used, and their design is not based on lamps.

The wavelengths in such heaters are different

These devices are ideal for heating greenhouses. Both single light bulbs and infrared lamps can be used in greenhouses. They are able to create the ideal temperature, and infrared rays have a positive effect on the growth of crops. This is also a good way to save energy.

This option is good not only for greenhouses, but also for growing plants on a windowsill. Often, seedlings, especially if they are standing on a table near a window, lack sunlight. It can be compensated for by infrared bulbs. But you need to take into account that if you choose the wrong power of the device and the duration of its operation, the plants may die.

Animal breeding

IR rays are actively used poultry breeders. Newly born chicks of quails, geese, chickens, turkeys and ducks really need warmth (in pens they try to sit directly under a heating lamp).

In order to be able to set the optimal temperature for each individual animal cage, devices are manufactured with the ability to regulate the temperature.

They are also relevant for zoos and farms where newborn animals are immediately separated from their mother. For comfort and increased survival, a low-power IR lamp is installed, and the pen is covered with reflective elements.

Residents of rural settlements and villages buy these devices to warm poultry houses in winter, because even an adult bird can die from the cold in severe frost.

Such conditions are also necessary for rabbits and nutria. The lamps will be useful to shelter employees who often deal with abandoned puppies and kittens.

Treatment of people

Irradiation with infrared light is one of the ways to treat many diseases. It is used both as an independent method and as part of complex therapy. IR light is used to relieve pain in muscles and bones, treat diseases of the throat and skin.

Blue light bulbs help relieve stress, increase stamina and strengthen the immune system, and previously acne was treated with such physiotherapy.

However, you should not try to treat yourself with infrared rays. All procedures must be coordinated with your doctor.