“8 colored psychotypes: who are you?” Mikhail Borodyansky. Studying internal reality according to psychotype Mikhail Borodiansky 8 colors

05.12.2023

8 colored psychotypes: who are you? Mikhail Borodyansky

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Title: 8 colored psychotypes: who are you?

About the book “8 Psychotypes of Color: Who Are You?” Mikhail Borodyansky

At the beginning of the last century, Sigmund Freud suggested that a person's character is somehow connected with the sensitive openings on our body (mouth, nose, ear, eye and others).
A hundred years ago, Freud did not yet know or was not ready to openly declare that the sensitivity of these holes determines all areas of a person’s life: from health to sexual preferences, from the choice of profession to the style of doing business.

From this book you will learn what types of people exist depending on the leading sensitive zone, and how this knowledge can help in various situations in your life.

In fascinating and sometimes funny stories, the author talks about psychological tools that you can use to build harmonious relationships with children and parents, loved ones and strangers, in business and in your personal life.

Mikhail Borodyansky is a psychotherapist, consultant and business coach, author of numerous publications on the art of management and communication, father of three children.

Since 1994, he has conducted 680 trainings in Russia, Europe and the USA, where more than 12,000 people have trained.

2nd edition, corrected and expanded.

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One of the main aspects of human existence is his self-realization in various fields of activity, among which successful adaptation and productive interaction with other people are of key importance. Since time immemorial, philosophers, and then psychologists, have tried to establish certain patterns in human behavior and attitude in order to make relationships between people more understandable and mature.

Preface

Thus, even at the dawn of psychology, the Austrian psychiatrist S. Freud formulated a theory about the structure of the psyche, and the Swiss psychiatrist K.G. Jung, relying on this knowledge and his own many years of work experience, created the first concept about psychological personality types. This teaching today has become the basis for many competent socio-psychological theories and even entire areas of modern psychotherapy.

One of these modern theories is socionics as the doctrine of the interaction between a person and the outside world, depending on the personal characteristics of a particular person, which classify him as one of 16 socionic personality types.

Socionics as a science was created in the seventies of the last century by the Lithuanian scientist Ausra Augustinaviciute on the basis of computer science, sociology and psychology. In the scientific community, socionics is rather not a science, but one of the famous personality typologies, which serves as a diagnostic method in psychological counseling.

K.G. Jung - the forefather of socionics

In the 19th century, K.G. Jung created his famous theory about personality types, the definition of which is based on ideas about attitudes and basic functions of the psyche. He identified two main personal attitudes: introversion, when a person’s interest is directed into the depths of his own inner world, and extroversion, when a person is directed to the outside world. At the same time, there is a concept about a person’s inclination towards a specific attitude, but not about its complete predominance.

Jung considered thinking, sensation, intuition and feeling to be the main functions of the psyche. Sensation means interaction with the world based on the senses, thinking and feeling help to understand these sensations at the level of comprehension and emotional experience, and intuition answers the question of the origin of these phenomena at the subconscious level.

For each person, one of these functions is dominant, and the rest complement it.

These functions have been divided into two groups:

rational, to which thinking and feeling belong;
irrational (sensation and intuition).

In this case, rationality implies an orientation towards the objective norms of society. Based on these aspects, Jung created a classification consisting of 8 main personality types, which in socionics expanded to 16 psychotypes.

The birth of socionics

To create a new full-fledged typology and highlight more specific personality types, A. Augustinaviciute combined Jung’s concept with the theory of information metabolism of the Polish psychiatrist A. Kempinski. This theory is based on the concept of the exchange of information between a person and the outside world in comparison with metabolism in the body, when information is food for the human psyche, therefore mental health is directly related to the quality of incoming information. Thus, socionics calls personality types types of information metabolism. The presence of dominant characteristics should not be confused with.

Socionic personality types are not a constant, “frozen” characteristic of a person; their definition reflects only the way of information exchange, without affecting the individual characteristics of a person (education, culture, experience and character), which are studied by individual psychology. Accentuation is a pointed character trait of a person, which should be paid attention to as bordering on pathology, but accentuation is not the goal of research in socionics.

Formation of names

How did socionics get its name from specific personality types? The name of the type comes from the dominant attitude (extroversion or introversion), and the two most powerful functions of the four, while the names of the functions have undergone some changes: thinking and feeling became logic and ethics, respectively, and sensation was called sensory.

Rationality and irrationality are determined by the location of functions in the names of psychotypes. If we talk about rational personality types, then the first word in the name will be logic or ethics, and for irrational personality types – sensory or intuition.

The names of the 16 types were added over time by various scientists to provide a clearer accessible description of a person. The most popular names of these types are: formulaic names based on Jung’s theory, pseudonyms of famous historical figures - bearers of the designated characteristics, pseudonyms that characterize a person’s professional predisposition.

Basic socionic types

Jung owns a classification of 8 main psychotypes, on the basis of which socionics proposed a more detailed classification consisting of 16 psychotypes.

Logical-intuitive extrovert(LIE), "Jack London", "Entrepreneur". He is able to clearly identify his own capabilities and abilities, is easily inspired and starts new things, and is interested in dynamic sports that give extreme sensations. Feels new trends, takes risks, relying on intuition. Confidently uses new technologies in her work, deeply analyzes herself and the world around her. Tends to communicate closely with people.
Logical-sensory extrovert(LSE), “Stirlitz”, “Administrator”. A very efficient, socially adapted type, he always feels the need to bring the work he has started to completion. Plans activities and treats surrounding things practically. Tends to show love and care for loved ones, loves noisy fun and company. He is good-natured, but harsh, can be hot-tempered and stubborn.
Ethical-intuitive extrovert(EIE), “Hamlet”, “Mentor”. A very emotional person, prone to empathy and displaying a wide range of emotions. He has expressive facial expressions and eloquence. Able to anticipate various events and prepare for them in advance. Picks up inconsistencies in other people's words and emotions. Often unsure of a partner's love and prone to jealousy.
Ethical-sensory extrovert(ESE), “Hugo”, “Enthusiast”. Able to influence people through emotional pressure, he gets along well with them, can cheer them up, is inclined to sacrifice his own interests for the sake of another person and show love and care for loved ones. In his work he achieves everything on his own, loves when other people emphasize his merits.
Logical-intuitive introvert(LII), “Robespierre”, “Analyst. He knows how to distinguish the important from the secondary, does not like empty talk, and is prone to clear, practical thinking. In their work, this type likes to use unusual ideas, while demonstrating their independence. Uses intuition where he does not know the exact answers. Does not like noisy companies, finds it difficult to establish relationships with other people.
Logical-sensory introvert(LSI), “Maxim Gorky”, “Inspector”. Loves order and rigor, delves deeply into work, analyzing information from different angles. It is distinguished by a certain pedantry. He looks at things realistically and takes on a task only if he knows for sure that he can complete it. Inspires trust, but prefers short business contacts with other people.
Ethical-intuitive introvert(EII), “Dostoevsky”, “Humanist”. He subtly senses the nature of relationships between people, attaches great importance to trust, and does not forgive betrayal. He is able to identify the hidden abilities of others and is endowed with the talent of an educator. He is passionate about self-education, people often turn to him for advice. We are very vulnerable, it is difficult to tolerate aggression and lack of love.
Ethical-sensory introvert(ESI), “Dreiser”, “Keeper”. Recognizes pretense and falsehood in relationships, divides people into friends and strangers, managing psychological distance. He defends his views and principles. He knows how to stand up for himself and his loved ones, and cannot tolerate the moral superiority of other people. Able to deeply analyze himself and others.
Intuitive-logical extrovert(ILE), “Don Quixote”, “The Seeker”. He has a wide range of interests, knows how to adapt to new conditions and easily switches to new methods of work. He is a generator of ideas and does not like traditions and routine. Able to explain complex ideas, being a pioneer in them. He is more prone to synthesis in thinking, creates a new idea from ready-made components.
Sensory-logical extrovert(SLE), "Zhukov", "Marshal". Tends to use physical force in order to achieve victory at any cost. Obstacles only increase his desire to win. Likes to lead and cannot stand being subordinated. Analyzing the situation, he likes to draw up a specific plan of action and strictly follows it.
Intuitive-ethical extrovert(IEE), “Huxley”, “Adviser”. He is able to subtly feel other people and has a developed imagination. Loves creative work and cannot stand monotony and routine. Sociable, likes to give practical advice in the field of interaction with people.
Sensory-ethical extrovert(SEE), “Napoleon”, “Politician”. Able to see the capabilities of others, using this knowledge for the purpose of manipulation. Leads over
weak, clearly identifying their weak points. He likes to keep his distance; in communication he is more likely to be guided by his own interests. In the eyes of others he tries to look like an outstanding, original person, but often he is not.
Intuitive-logical introvert(OR), "Balzac", "Critic". This type is an erudite with a philosophical mindset. He is careful, makes a decision only with confidence in its correctness, analyzing the vulgar in its connection with the future. Does not like violent manifestations of emotions, appreciates coziness and comfort.
Sensory-logical introvert(SLI), "Gaben", "Master". Sensations are for him the main source of knowledge of the world. Shows empathy, subtly feels and loves other people, rejects artificiality and falsehood. He is distinguished by a technical mindset, loves to work with his hands, while always meeting the required deadlines.
Intuitive-ethical introvert(IEI), “Lyric”, “Yesenin”. A dreamy and lyrical person, he knows how to intuitively predict events, has a good understanding of people, loves and “feels” them. He has a good sense of humor and wins the affection of other people. This type attaches great importance to appearance. He doesn’t know how to save money, and while working he likes to rest for a long time.
Sensory-ethical introvert(SEI), “Dumas”, “Mediator”. Knows how to enjoy ordinary life, calmly enduring monotony and routine. Gets along easily with people, respecting their personal space, while demanding the same attitude from them. Likes to joke, entertain, avoids conflict situations. He is often a helper and loves to feel needed and significant in the eyes of other people.

Nowadays, developed technologies make it possible for everyone, without exception, to undergo testing and find out their socionic types, but we should not forget that a person’s personality is very multifaceted and ambiguous, therefore only a professional psychologist can qualitatively compose and describe a socio-psychological portrait of a personality during multi-level psychological diagnostics , where socionics is one of the methods.

Well-known psychological types were identified and described by the Austrian psychiatrist and psychoanalyst C. G. Jung.

His theory about “introversion - extraversion”, as well as about the four types of perception of the world, has developed and continues to develop.

Psychological personality types proposed by Jung:

Personality types depending on the vector of its orientation:

An extrovert is a person psychologically oriented to the outside world; sociable, active, active.
– a person focused on the inner world; closed, sensitive, reasonable.

Psychological types depending on the predominant way of perceiving life, in other words, on the main mental function:

Thinking type - a person who primarily relies on logic and thinking when making decisions. The sphere of feelings is suppressed.
The feeling type is a person focused on, judges in terms of “good - bad”, and not logically.
The sensing type is a person who perceives life directly through the senses; he looks, listens, touches and makes decisions based on the information he receives. it is suppressed.
Intuitive type - a person who relies on the “sixth” sense; such people make decisions based on intuitive, unconscious knowledge, rather than on direct sensations.

Based on Jung’s typology, in the seventies and eighties of the last century, Soviet sociologist A. Augustinavichiute developed one of the most detailed and reliable personal typologies and became the founder of a scientific direction called “socionics”.

A. E. LICHKO

Another Soviet scientist A.E. Lichko, observing teenagers, identified psychological types that describe the types of character accentuations. Accentuation is an excessive strengthening of individual character traits, psychological deviations bordering on psychopathology, but not beyond the norm.

In adolescence, the crisis age, accentuation manifests itself most pronouncedly.
Later, the character “smoothes out”, and accentuation appears only in times of crisis.

K. LEONHARD

The German scientist K. Leonhard proposed a similar classification, but did not limit it to the puberty period. The classification is based on an assessment of a person’s communication style with his immediate environment.

Psychological types according to K. Leonhard:

Hyperthymic. Optimistic, sociable, proactive, active, conflict-ridden, irritable, frivolous.
Disthymic. Pessimistic, silent, withdrawn, non-conflict, conscientious, fair.
Cycloid. Changeable type, combining hyperthymia and dysthymia.
Excitable. Slow, irritable, gloomy, domineering, conscientious, neat, loving animals and children.
Stuck. , inquisitive, fair, ambitious, touchy, suspicious, jealous.
Pedantic. Formalist and neat, serious, reliable, non-conflict, passive, boring.
Anxious. Timid, insecure, defenseless, pessimistic, self-critical, friendly, efficient, sensitive.
Emotive. Excessively vulnerable, tearful, passive, kind, compassionate, responsive, efficient.
Demonstrative. Can be both a leader and an opportunist; self-confident, artistic, courteous, captivating, extraordinary, selfish, boastful, lazy.
Exalted. Extremely sociable, experiencing bright and sincere feelings, amorous, altruistic, compassionate, changeable, prone to panic and exaggerate.
Extroverted. Sociable and talkative, open, efficient, frivolous, prone to excitement and risk.
Introverted. Idealist, reserved, philosophizing, non-conflict, principled, restrained, persistent, stubborn.

Classification of personality psychotypes depending on temperament

Most often, a personality typology is compiled based on differences in the temperaments and characters of people.

HIPPOCRATES

The first known typology of personality depending on the type of temperament was proposed by the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates. It still remains relevant and popular, although the scientist did not individually connect typological personality traits with the properties of the nervous system (as is customary now).

A person’s psychotype according to Hippocrates depends on the ratio of various fluids in the body: blood, lymph and two types of bile.

Psychological types of temperament according to Hippocrates:

phlegmatic - a person in whose body lymph (phlegm) predominates, which makes him calm and slow;
melancholic - a person in whose body black bile (melanchole) predominates, which makes him fearful and prone to sadness;
sanguine - a person who has a lot of blood in his body (sanguine), active and cheerful;
choleric is hot and impulsive; there is a lot of yellow bile (chole) in his body.

For many centuries in a row, the doctrine of temperaments has been developed and supplemented. In particular, the German philosopher I. Kant and the Russian physiologist I. P. Pavlov were engaged in this. Today, the names of the types of temperament remain the same, but the essence has changed.

Temperament is a combination of innate characteristics of higher nervous activity. It depends on the speed and strength of the processes of excitation and inhibition in the brain. Thus, a weak type of higher nervous activity corresponds to the temperament of a melancholic person; strong, balanced, but inert – phlegmatic; choleric – strong and unbalanced; strong, balanced and agile - sanguine.

E. KRETCHMER

At the beginning of the twentieth century, German psychiatrist E. Kretschmer identified various personality types depending on character. This was the first character classification. Kretschmer connected a person’s psychotype with the constitution of his body.

Three types of bodily constitution:

Asthenic. Thin and tall people, they have elongated arms and legs, underdeveloped muscles.
Athletic. People are strong, with well-developed muscles, average or above average height.
Picnic. People who tend to be overweight with underdeveloped muscles and musculoskeletal system, of average or short stature.

Since E. Kretschmer was a psychiatrist, he compared personality psychotypes with a tendency towards one or another psychopathology and grouped them into two personality types:

Schizothymics are mentally healthy people with an athletic or asthenic build, vaguely reminiscent of patients with schizophrenia. They are characterized by the following character traits: artistry, sensitivity, aloofness, selfishness, and authority.
Cyclothymics are mentally healthy people with a picnic build, reminiscent of patients with manic-depressive psychosis. These are cheerful, optimistic, sociable, frivolous people.

E. Kretschmer's theory was based only on his personal observations, but served as the basis for subsequent, more complex character typologies. Much later, scientists came to the conclusion that body shape really influences the character and individual typological characteristics of a person. The connection between the constitution of the body and the tendency to accentuate character (an extreme degree of normal functioning of the psyche) and psychopathology does exist.

Classification of personality psychotypes depending on character

People differ not only in their character traits, but also in their attitude to life, society and moral values. Although there is a concept of proper behavior, people behave differently.

The German psychoanalyst and sociologist E. Fromm introduced the concept of “social character” and defined it as a certain identical set of character traits in the personality structure of the majority of members of a particular community. Any community, class or group of people has a certain social character.

Social character was taken as the basis for the classification of psychological personality types.

Psychological personality types according to E. Fromm:

"Masochist-sadist"

A person who is inclined to direct aggression towards himself or other people if he considers them to be guilty of ongoing personal failures or problems of the whole society. Such people strive for self-improvement, are insecure, punctual, responsible, demanding, domineering, and love to terrorize others, justifying their actions with good intentions.

Psychological masochism is almost always combined with sadism. However, there are people who are more inclined to one of the types.

Individual typological features of a “masochist”: self-deprecation, self-criticism, tendency to always blame oneself for everything. Fromm defined a “sadist” as an authoritarian personality. This is an exploitative man, domineering and cruel.

"Destroyer"

He does not cause suffering to himself or others, but aggressively eliminates the cause of his troubles. In order not to feel powerless and frustrated, a person ends the relationship or interrupts the business he has begun, that is, he uses destructiveness as a means of resolving any trouble. “Destroyers” are usually anxious, desperate, cowardly people, limited in the realization of their capabilities and abilities.

"Conformist Automaton"

Unlike the two previous psychological types, the “conformist” is passive. He does not fight, but resigns himself to difficult life circumstances. This is a too labile person who has practically lost his

He is an adaptable person who will change his point of view, behavior, principles and even type of thinking if the situation demands it. Such people are immoral, and therefore do not see anything shameful in changing points of view and life values.

This social typology does not characterize people from the best side, but it reveals the problems of society and remains extremely relevant in our time.

It is impossible to say which typology is better; they complement each other. Any personality typology allows an individual to know himself and at the same time realize his uniqueness.

The reason for the division into psychotypes

Philosophers and scientists at all times of the existence of civilized society have tried to distinguish and isolate psychological types of people from the diversity of the nature of human nature. Many classifications are based on observations of people, life experience, or the conclusions of the scientist who proposed a specific typology. Only in the last century, in connection with the flourishing of psychology, personality psychotypes became the object of research and received proper scientific justification.

Despite the variety of psychological types that exist today, it can be difficult to determine which personality type a person belongs to. Often, when reading the classification of types and wanting to find oneself, one cannot decide or finds several types at once, similar to the individual typological characteristics of one’s own personality.

The disadvantage of any typology is that it cannot accommodate all possible personality types, because each person is an individual. We can say that it is more likely to belong to one type or another, is more similar to it, or at some moments manifests itself in a similar way.

Any human psychotype is a generalization, an attempt to combine into a group similar and often observed together qualities, temperamental characteristics, and other individual typological personality traits.

Personality types are often exaggerated and simplified, describing deviant behavior (even psychopathology) or only those personality traits that are pronounced and stereotypical.

Pure types are rare. However, every second person, reading this or that typology or passing a psychological test, easily determines his psychotype and agrees with the characteristics given to him.

The more developed an individual’s personality, the more difficult it is for him to classify himself as one or another personality type. A harmoniously developed personality and bright individuality hardly “fits” into any particular psychotype.

Despite the imperfection of typologies and personality types, they allow you to understand yourself, notice shortcomings, and identify ways of development. It is easier for people around an individual, who know what psychological type he belongs to, to build relationships with him and predict behavior in a specific situation.

Personality typology helps professional psychologists conduct psychodiagnostics of the client. A psychological portrait of a person necessarily includes a description of his psychotype. Individual typological characteristics of a person are extremely important, because they will tell about temperament, character, abilities, emotional-volitional sphere, orientation, attitudes, motivation and values - about all components of individuality.

There are many pseudo-scientific classifications of psychological types that people use in everyday life. For example, dividing people depending on the time of day when the greatest activity and ability to work is observed, into “larks” and “night owls”.

There are a huge number of pseudoscientific tests on the Internet, more likely to be entertaining than to help you understand yourself. But even such psychological tests have a right to exist, since they give rise to a person’s desire to know himself. What psychotypes of people are described in the science of psychology?

* * *

Dedicated to Viktor Tolkachev

Preface to the second edition

Dear reader!

More than five years have already passed since the release of the first edition of my book in Russian. During this time, vector psychology has taken a stable place among practical methods available not only to specialists, but to any person who wants to better understand themselves and the people around them.

I received hundreds of responses from readers: doctors and teachers, actors and entrepreneurs, representatives of many other professions - all of them were able to take new heights in their activities and in their relationships with people.

In the last few years, many articles and trainings on this technique have appeared on the Internet. And the more of them there are, the louder the debate about vector psychology sounds: is it a means to solve all problems or a simplified description of a person that has no practical meaning? In fact, neither one nor the other. Vector psychology is a simple and accessible guide to the secrets of the human soul, which answers two important questions: “How to understand?” and “What to do?”

You can start reading the book from anywhere: on every page you will find something interesting about yourself or someone close to you. And numerous examples and stories from life will amuse you with all your heart.

I wish you joy from reading this book and ease in communicating with people!

Mikhail Borodyansky
St. Petersburg, 2017

From the author

In 1994, I attended a strange seminar. It was not curiosity that brought me there, but rather a longing for something new. This was not the most fun period of my life: I did not have the personal and sexual relationships that I dreamed of, I earned much less than I wanted, and, as it seemed, I was not doing at all what God gave me Life for.

The host of the seminar, an energetic guy named Viktor Tolkachev, promised to teach everyone present to understand themselves and others, live in harmony with themselves and others, achieve success in their careers and get all the joys from life in 12 lessons. When sexual harmony and a happy family life were added to this list, I, like a “normal” person, stood up and headed for the exit. At that moment it became absolutely clear to me that all this was complete nonsense.

At the door I turned around. The presenter looked at me and without any emotion said: “Stay until the third lesson.” Why did I stay? I just wanted to go up to him later and defiantly ask: “Well? Why the hell did I lose three evenings here?”

And indeed, a week later I approached Tolkachev, but for something completely different. I told him that I also want to conduct such training. “You can do it,” Victor answered after thinking a little (he loved being called that way - with the emphasis on the last syllable). And two weeks later he gave me his first book - “The Luxury of Systems Thinking” - with a dedicatory inscription:

I understood perfectly well what it was about, and even then I thought about the book that you are now holding in your hands.

Many years have passed since then. Now I feel fulfilled in my profession and in my personal life. The understanding of myself that Viktor Tolkachev once gave me has become more holistic, every day it helps me to reveal my potential: I publish a psychological magazine, create large-scale Internet projects, conduct live trainings, build a successful company and make money in those ways. which bring me pleasure.

Thanks to our deep understanding of each other, my wife and I have been able to maintain our senses for many years and successfully overcome the natural difficulties of family life. Accepting our children's natural characteristics helps us provide them with support and the conditions for their development so that they grow up free, responsible and happy. Plus, I feel healthier and stronger than I did 20 years ago.

Therefore, I have a great desire to pass on my knowledge and experience further: over the years, in St. Petersburg and other cities, I have conducted more than four hundred trainings, which have trained more than six thousand people. They successfully apply the acquired knowledge in work and in personal relationships, and some already conduct training in vector psychology themselves.

Our relationship with Victor was not always smooth: we argued, proved something to each other, and each moved on - in our own direction. Sometimes we disagreed so much that we might not communicate for several months. When all the disagreements were behind us, Victor gave me a collection of articles, one of the authors of which he was. This happened shortly before his death, and the inscription on this book to this day gives me strength to continue our common cause:

Mikhail Borodyansky
St. Petersburg, 2012

From the publisher of the first edition: about vector psychology

In 1908, Sigmund Freud published the article “Character and Anal Eroticism,” which became the beginning of the psychoanalytic teaching on character. Having briefly described in this article the psychological characteristics of people with high sensitivity of the anus, Freud set a task for his followers:

"You should pay attention

and on other types of characters and find out

Is there any connection in other cases?

with certain erogenous zones."

And the followers did not have to wait long. Soon new articles on this topic appeared: Ernest Jones - “On anal-erotic character traits”, Hans von Hallingberg - “Anal eroticism, love of fear and stubbornness”, as well as two articles about other erogenous zones (holes on the body) and related with them characters: Isidor Zadger - “Urethral Erotica” and “Erotics of the Skin and Muscular System”. Thus, at the beginning of the last century, the character types associated with the openings on the torso were briefly described: anal, urethral, cutaneous and muscular.

At the end of the twentieth century, St. Petersburg psychologist Viktor Konstantinovich Tolkachev (1947–2011), inspired by the work of Freud and his colleagues, described character types associated with openings on the head (eyes, ears, nose and mouth). As Tolkachev himself said, this became possible thanks to his teacher, Academician Vladimir Aleksandrovich Ganzen (1909–1996), whose book “System Descriptions in Psychology” served as the basis for a systematic view of sensitive openings.

Thus, Viktor Tolkachev created a holistic system that includes eight human characters. He introduced the concept of “vector” and called his theory “system-vector psychoanalysis.” A vector is understood as a set of psychological and physiological qualities (character, habits, health, etc.) associated with one of the sensitive openings on the human body. Unlike the usual concept of “personality type” (which is usually one), there are several vectors in a person, and all of them can have different potential: from 0 to 100%. This system became the basis of Viktor Tolkachev’s training, which he conducted for thirty years in Russia, Germany and the USA: during this time, more than six thousand people became his students.

Mikhail Borodyansky, one of the first students of Viktor Tolkachev, turned the vector theory from cognitive-descriptive into practical and called it a “system of psychological vectors.” His main contribution was the introduction of a new concept "vector acceptance", which turned out to be key for the practical application of this knowledge. Acceptance is an attitude towards the manifestations of our own or someone else’s vector when we perceive them without judgment, that is, without dividing them into good and bad, necessary and unnecessary. In addition, acceptance is the recognition that any manifestation of a vector serves something, even if we cannot understand it now. Mikhail Borodyansky created a formula for calculating the acceptance of a vector and co-authored a test that allows one to assess the innate potential of each vector and the degree of its acceptance. Anyone can take the Tolkachev-Borodyansky test on the Internet at www.psy8.ru

In addition to Mikhail Borodyansky, several students of Viktor Tolkachev are developing vector theory in various directions, conducting trainings, writing articles and books. Among them are Lyudmila Perelshtein (the book “Beware: Children! Or a manual for parents who can be surprised”), Elena Kudryavtseva (trainings and articles on the use of the vector system in consulting), Yuri Burlan (portal “System-vector psychology”), Alexander and Tatyana Prel (book “Why did we grow up like this?”) and others.

The book you are holding in your hands combines knowledge and experience accumulated over several decades. It describes in detail eight types of character, provides an algorithm for accepting and implementing vectors in oneself and in other people, and uses many practical examples to show how to use this knowledge in a variety of situations.

Getting to know vectors and accepting them will help the reader build harmonious relationships with himself and others, feel whole, find his own path in life and follow it harmoniously and with pleasure.

I wish you a fascinating read and success in learning about yourself.

Anatoly Sekerin
Director of the publishing house "Lomonosov"
Moscow, 2012

Note

Some ideas and examples given in this book are taken from the seminars of V.K. Tolkachev, others - from the author’s own experience and his colleagues. In case of any coincidences or analogies in the text, it would be correct to recognize the authorship of such fragments as V.K. Tolkachev.

Chapter 1. Brown vector - anus

Where it all started

Vector psychology originates from a short article by Sigmund Freud written in 1908. In a work entitled “Character and Anal Eroticism,” Freud describes a special type of person who has a stable combination of several character traits (you will learn about them soon).

In childhood, these people had certain problems with one physiological function, as well as with the organ in charge of this function.

And so Freud concludes that this character organically associated with the functioning of a specific organ in our body.

What's interesting about this unusual discovery?

In essence, Freud is saying here that a person’s character is not related to upbringing, living conditions or other external factors, but to the function of some organs. This is a rather bold statement for the beginning of the 20th century.

It is no secret that many scientists (for example, Hippocrates) have long associated human character with the activity of the heart, liver and other internal organs. But Freud in his research spoke about something completely different. He proceeded from the fact that our body is a closed system that connects (communicates) with the external environment through several “holes.” It’s easy to calculate the hole options if you take into account the places on our body where the continuous skin is interrupted:

6. Urethra (that is, the urethra); This also includes the vagina.

7. Skin (more precisely, the “own” openings of the skin: pores, sebaceous and sweat glands).

8. Navel* (let’s mark it with an asterisk, since after birth it ceases to be an opening. But don’t think that our character is formed only after birth!).

So, Freud’s main idea was that it is these holes, or more precisely, the sensitivity of these zones that have the strongest influence on our character. A hundred years ago, Freud did not yet know (or was not ready to openly declare) that the sensitivity of our holes determines all areas of human life: from health to sexual preferences, from the choice of profession to the style of doing business.

Neatness here means not only physical cleanliness, but also conscientiousness in fulfilling obligations: people who are “neat” in this sense can be relied upon...”

Do you know such people? If among your relatives or friends there are those whose main traits are neatness, thrift or stubbornness, then you have a good idea of who will be discussed in this chapter. Or maybe you even know entire nations whose neatness and thrift are legendary?

Freud then continues: “Apparently, they belonged to that category of babies who prefer not to have a bowel movement when they are put on the potty, since the act of defecation gives them pleasure...”

Many will think: “What nonsense?! How can defecation be enjoyable? And what does this have to do with human manifestations, especially in business?!” Well, let's find out.

It is known that a person is born with genetically determined external characteristics, physique conditions, health characteristics and many other qualities. In addition to all of the above, we have genetically different sensitivity of our “erogenous zones”. And the erogenous zones are those same eight holes with the skin surrounding them. Some of us are born with especially sensitive ears and fine hearing, others with especially sensitive eyes and acute vision, etc.

Moreover, “sensitivity” here means not only the ability to perceive the world around us. Sensitivity is also a special tenderness (vulnerability, insecurity) of a sensory organ or some area on the body, that is, sensitivity to damage, microbes and other external influences. Therefore, a sensitive eye is not only especially keen, but also especially tender: a small speck in the eye can become a big problem for such a person.

Another feature of a “sensitive” organ or zone is the need to receive appropriate pleasure. Very simply, we can say that the sensitive eye “loves” to look at beautiful views, the sensitive ear - listen to beautiful sounds, the sensitive nose - smells pleasant smells (which, of course, everyone has their own), etc. If the sensitive organ receives enough such pleasures, then he is in harmony and balance (that is, healthy). But if there is not enough pleasure, then health problems begin - not only physical, but also psychological.

Summary.

Sensitive area:

is an area on our body associated with one of the eight openings (types of openings);

– has an enhanced perception of the surrounding world;

– zone, the degree of sensitivity of which is determined genetically;

– particularly sensitive to damage (that is, more tender, vulnerable, “unprotected” than others);

– needs to receive her typical pleasure (impact) and suffers in its absence.

Since the anus belongs to the eight openings of our body, there are people among us (and there are many of them) who are genetically - from the moment of conception - with increased sensitivity of the anal zone. These are exactly the people for whom sitting on the toilet and other impacts on the buttocks are a pleasure.

Freud classified such people as having an anal character type. But the words “character type” are limiting, so in our system the concept “vector” is used instead. Firstly, there can be several vectors in one person, and a “type” is just a type (that is, one). And secondly, each vector can have a different value: from 0 to 100 percent.

It is the combination of eight vectors (according to the number of holes) that makes up our character.

In this book, people with high anal sensitivity are called owners of the brown vector, or, for short, By brown people, and Viktor Tolkachev called this vector “anal”.

First habits

How are the features characteristic of the brown vector formed?

Let's take this story as an example. Imagine a little boy who was put on the potty in the morning. And this baby’s anal area has increased sensitivity since birth, and all influences on it bring him extraordinary joy. Instead of doing what his mother wants him to do, the baby just sits on the potty and enjoys it. He could have sat there for an hour or two if he had been allowed to, but that was not the case. Mom is in a hurry to go to work, and therefore with the words: “Well, why are you sitting down?!” Well, let’s hurry up!” trying to pull his stubborn son off the potty.

In the most pleasant moments of a child’s life, they are deprived of pleasure and are constantly tugged at with the words “come on faster.” Where it leads? Throughout his childhood and adult life, such a person will avoid those who are in a hurry or rush him, because the longer and more calmly he does any task, the better he feels.

Please note that calmness and slowness are important qualities of the brown vector at any age. Therefore, if you do not wish harm to Brown, you should never rush him. (You will read about how to “accelerate” such a person in the chapter “The Meaning and Acceptance of Vectors.”) If a Brown child is constantly tugged and urged, he may begin to stutter, become neurotic, or suffer from serious intestinal diseases. The same applies to adults.

But the story continues: the mother (the one who is in a hurry to get to work), without waiting for the result, pulled the baby off the potty, quickly dressed him and ran out of the house with him. And the boy, who did not receive his joys on the potty, at that moment did what his mother had been waiting for for so long... What will happen next? Perhaps his mother will return home with him, quickly change his clothes, and as punishment - so that he won’t behave like that tomorrow - she will spank him on the butt.

The punishment of a loving mother will be in the very place where the baby has increased sensitivity. Do you think the boy will act differently tomorrow? Never! Life gave him two pleasures at once. This is how Brown children can develop stubbornness: they unconsciously provoke situations in which they get an impact on their significant zone.

Of course, there are Brown people who have never faced a similar situation in their lives. But one way or another, the Brown child will provoke suitable events in his life where stubbornness will play into his hands.

The little boy cannot understand how this “thing” that brought him such joy, according to the ideas of his mother, the closest and dearest person, turns out to be disgusting. This leads him to such confusion that deep down the baby may be afraid: “I’m somehow not like that. If even my mother cannot understand me, then it’s better for me to remain silent about my joys. And in general, it’s better for me to remain silent more, so as not to find myself in a stupid position again.” As a result, such a child may withdraw into himself and become silent. The brown vector is already an introvert and phlegmatic by nature, but the degree to which these qualities are manifested strongly depends on the experiences experienced in childhood.

As you can see, a genetically based predisposition is not yet absolutely fatal. This is just a potential that can develop in different people to different degrees. It is very important to understand that if a certain potential absent since birth, there is no way to develop it.

Wisdom of the Organism

Even in adulthood, some Brown people like to sit on the toilet longer, and therefore try to make this place more cozy and comfortable. They equip it with bookshelves, paintings, sometimes even a telephone or TV, not to mention a variety of lighting and music options. By the unusually decorated toilet, you can easily determine the bright vector of its owner. If your friend started building a dacha with a comfortable toilet, then you can foresee that this dacha will have cleanliness, order and other attributes of the brown vector.

Of course, such people attach great importance to the quality of toilet paper: it should be very soft and multi-layered. And, of course, the Brown Man will not use a newspaper for these purposes - he is too protective of his sensitive area.

Usually, such a predilection for the toilet is criticized by our society (especially in childhood - by parents, educators), and therefore these desires are eventually repressed into the unconscious, and the person stops paying attention to his significant zone. But genetically inherent high sensitivity cannot disappear anywhere, even if we are not aware of it. Our Organism will still experience a deep longing for missing pleasures. And for the brown vector, pleasure is when there is an impact (stimulation, pressure) on the anal area.

What can such an Organism “come up with” so that a significant zone receives stimulation? Yes, a lot of things, for example, constipation - this is where there is strong pressure on the sensitive receptors. And it doesn’t matter that you have to wait for such stimulation for several days - the Brown man enjoys the wait. How will the Organism do this? It’s very simple: the digestive processes are controlled by our brain (unconsciously) - it’s not for nothing that most diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are psychosomatic. For our unconscious, “creating” constipation is quite simple, even for several years. Therefore, it is not surprising that many people suffering from habitual constipation are prominent representatives of the brown vector.

Our unconscious is no less inventive in choosing means of healing. After all, if, for example, you give an enema, this will not only help the Brown man in solving his problem, but will also create additional stimulation of his significant zone. You may have heard of people who regularly use multiple enemas for “deeper cleansing” and even write books on the subject. Without in any way disputing the effectiveness of such healing methods, I would like to emphasize: only those with a pronounced brown vector will use them. And, of course, it helps them the most.

If a person does not have this vector, then he will not act in a similar way. Many authors of health systems who did not have the brown vector recommended various methods of healing (including constipation): running, fasting, diets, etc., but refrained from using enemas. They were simply representatives of other vectors.

In addition to direct impact on the sensitive area (enemas, etc.), there are many other ways to get pleasure. For example, any activity related to seat in one place is already pleasant for Brown people.

The brown man says to his friend: “Well, when I retire, I’ll buy myself a rocking chair, sit down and sit for a week.” He asks him in surprise: “What then?” “And then...” Brown sighs sweetly, “then I’ll start swinging!”

Yes, rocking on a chair or in a rocking chair is a common symptom of such people. They also like to sit with their arms or legs under their buttocks. Therefore, when you see a person sitting on his own heel, you can have no doubt about the severity of his brown vector.

Such people are especially prone to sedentary professions, which involve quiet and painstaking work. These are primarily writers, accountants, archival and museum curators, truck drivers, as well as programmers, lawyers and many others.

In addition to sitting quietly in place, Browns love activities that involve active movements of the buttocks. Cycling, rowing and, of course, horse riding bring them much desired pleasure. Just don’t confuse riding a horse with loving the horse itself. The brown man, after riding, easily parts with his horse and goes home. And there are people (representatives of the black vector) who spend a lot of time with the animal, caring for it and receiving additional joy from this communication.

The unconscious is the most extensive and most meaningful part of the psyche, which includes experiences that are not consciously realized by a person: various innate or repressed drives, impulses, desires, motives, attitudes, aspirations, complexes, etc. The unconscious actively influences all areas of life and all manifestations of a person. The concept of “unconscious” was proposed by S. Freud, who suggested that many human actions that usually seem random are in fact not random, but are symptoms of deep intrapersonal conflicts - so serious that the psyche cannot stand them and refuses to recognize them, that is makes you unconscious. Unconscious processes cannot be revealed by a simple effort of will; their disclosure requires the use of special techniques. In Freud's psychoanalysis, the main methods of understanding the unconscious (as well as diagnosis and therapy) are the analysis of free associations, the analysis of dreams, the analysis of erroneous actions of everyday life, the study of myths, fairy tales, fantasies, symbols, etc.

The essence of Brown pleasure in rowing lies in the design of a special seat - a “bank”, which has four wheels and moves on runners (rails).

Mikhail Borodyansky

8 colored psychotypes: who are you?