Presentation on the topic of types of one-part sentences. One-part sentences

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Problematic situation. Game "Extra Third" Which sentence is superfluous and why? 1. Express your thoughts clearly and clearly. 2. Each person is the master of his own life. 3. A person must study and study all his life.

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December thirteenth Classwork One-part sentences. Lesson - generalization

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The purpose of the lesson: generalization and systematization of students' knowledge and skills on the topic "One-part sentences" Tasks: To consolidate and systematize knowledge about the types of one-part sentences, the ability to distinguish between types of one-part sentences. Develop spelling and punctuation skills. Improve communication skills when working in a group, the ability to work with text, analyze; Cultivate love for the Russian language.

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Definitely-personal - indefinitely-personal Impersonal Generalized-personal- Nominal I am unwell There was a knock on the door I love a thunderstorm in early May! Winter You can’t even pull a fish out of the pond without difficulty

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Test 1. Type of one-part sentence: There was a knock on the door. a) nominative b) Definitely personal c) indefinitely personal d) impersonal 2. Which sentence is not one-part? A) It was difficult to breathe in the frosty air. B) It was blue in the east. C) You can’t replace a deed with a word. D) The vault of heaven was quiet and clear. 3. Specify a one-part sentence. a) It is evening. B) It's evening. c) We will go to the cinema in the evening. D) How good evenings are in Russia in summer. 4. Find a title sentence. A) light. b) It is a cold winter morning. B) Morning. D) There was a knock on the door. 5. Specify a definite personal offer. A) I will not forget this meeting. b) Morning sleep is sweet. C) That evening they argued for a long time and talked about literally everything. D) I love the Baltic Sea.

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• STATE AUTONOMOUS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
• SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW
• TECHNOLOGICAL COLLEGE № 24
• (GAOU SPO TK No. 24)

• GAOU SPO TK No. 24 http://k24.mskcollege.ru/

• Lesson-research
• One-part sentences

• Section 7 Syntax and punctuation

• LESSON OBJECTIVES:
• - the formation of skills to distinguish and determine the types of single-component sentences according to semantic and grammatical features;
• - formation of research skills.

• Introspection sheet

• Collocation:
• Syntactic unit
• Connecting two or more words
• Consists of a main and a dependent word
• There are nominal, verbal and adverbial
• Consists only of independent parts of speech
• Words related in meaning and grammatically
• Communication in the phrase - subordinating

• Determine the type of subordinating relationship in phrases:
• I see the earth, he said jokingly, this room, very funny, eighth grade, did better, the door handle, our cat, side of the world, I hear him, the deepest lake, began to work, a flowering garden.

• What do we already know about the simple sentence?
• What are the main terms in this sentence?
• I can read books.

• Sentences whose grammatical basis consists of two main members (subject and predicate) are called two-part sentences. Sentences whose grammatical basis consists of one main member are called one-part sentences. One-part sentences have a complete meaning, and therefore the second main member is not needed or even impossible. One-part sentences, in accordance with the morphological expression of the main member, are divided into two large groups:

• One-part sentences

• Types of one-part sentences:
• definite-personal indefinitely-personal generalized-personal impersonal nominative (nominative)
• Each of the types of one-component sentences differs in the features of the meaning and the form of expression of the main member.

• Definitely personal suggestions -
• one-part sentences with a predicate - a verb in the form of 1 or 2 persons. The subject in such sentences is not necessary, since the endings of the verbs definitely indicate person and number. Definitely personal sentences make the narrative dynamic, lively, attention is focused on the action. Used in various styles of speech. They make it possible to avoid the repetition of personal pronouns.

• Indefinite personal sentences are one-part sentences with a predicate-verb in the form of the 3rd person plural in the present and future tense and in the plural form in the past tense.
• In such sentences, the action itself is important, and not the persons who perform it. They think indefinitely. The speaker either does not consider it necessary to name the character, or he cannot be named, since he is unknown.

• Generalized personal proposals -
• these are one-part sentences with the main member of the predicate, conveying the actions of a generalized subject (the action is attributed to everyone and everyone individually).
• The main member in a generalized personal sentence can have the same ways of expression as in definite personal and indefinite personal sentences, but most often it is expressed by the verb of the 2nd person singular and plural of the present and future tenses or the verb of the 3rd person of the plural numbers.

• An impersonal sentence is a one-part sentence with a predicate, in which there is not and cannot be a subject. The predicate in an impersonal sentence can be a simple verbal predicate, a compound nominal predicate, or a compound verbal predicate. Impersonal sentences can report the state of nature, the state of man, the action of elemental forces. Impersonal sentences can express the desirability or necessity of an action.

• Nominative sentences (nominative) are one-part sentences that have one main member - the subject. They report that some phenomenon or object exists (is) in the present, that is, nominal sentences assert, therefore nominal sentences cannot be negative. With particles here, over there, sentences acquire an indicative meaning. More often used in artistic and journalistic styles.

• Algorithm for finding one-part sentences
• 1. Determine the composition of the grammatical basis of the sentence 2. Determine the type of sentence: with the main member of the predicate or with the main member of the subject 3. Determine the type of one-part sentence

• Primary consolidation of theoretical knowledge
• Moscow. How much has merged in this sound for the Russian heart ...
• It was a pity old man.
• Good doesn't change for bad(proverb).
• What goes around comes around(proverb). The oven doors banged in the house(A. Tolstoy) .
• Shooting in the streets somewhere far away(M. Bulgakov).
• Go bow to the fish(A. Pushkin).
• Autumn. I especially love this time of year.
• On the street it was getting fresh.
• There is not much respect for elders these days.(A. Ostrovsky).

• 1. I can’t sleep, nanny: it’s so stuffy here! ( A. Pushkin)
• 2. Whisper, timid breathing,
• Nightingale's trill.
• Silver and flutter
• sleepy stream ( A. Fet).
• 3. A casket was brought to someone from the master ( I. Krylov).
• 4. Why is it so painful and so difficult for me?
• Waiting for what? Do I regret anything? (M. Lermontov)

• Read the sentences, identify their type
• 1. I love the forest path, not knowing where to go, wander ...
• (BUT. Maikov).
• 2. It blew in the window in spring ... (A. Pleshcheev)
• 3. It smells of hay over the meadows... (L. Maykov)
• 4. Sing me a dream about how a titmouse lived quietly across the sea
• (A. Pushkin).
• 5 Do not grow grass after autumn ... (M. Koltsov)
• 6. Only I don’t cry - it’s light in my soul (S. Yesenin).
• 7. Front. War. And the marvelous evening goes through the empty fields
• (A. Tvardovsky).
• 8. And our names will be written on the ruins of autocracy!
• (A. Pushkin)

	Option number 1	Option number 2

• Answers to the test task

• Test score:
• "5" - 0-1 error
• "4" - no more than 2 errors
• "3" - no more than 3 errors
• "2" - more than 3 errors

• Homework
• 1. Exercise 624 (textbook by Gerasimenko N.A.)
• 2. From works of art
• pick up examples of one-part sentences
• (7-10).

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ONE-PART OFFERS. TYPES OF SINGLE-COMPONENT SENTENCES Luzan Galina Vladimirovna, teacher of Russian language and literature, secondary school No. 2 of the city of Cherepanov

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One-part sentences in terms of structure are complete sentences. They do not miss the second member: the second main member is not needed to understand the meaning of the sentence. One-part sentences contain one main member (subject or predicate). Evening. It's evening.

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Definitely personal suggestions. Verb-predicate in the form of the 1st or 2nd person (there are no forms of the past tense or conditional mood, since in these forms the verb has no person) I love a thunderstorm in early May. (I love a thunderstorm in early May.) Follow me! (You run after me!) Correlative constructions of two-part sentences are given in brackets

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Indefinitely personal proposals. Third person plural verb-predicate (in the past tense and conditional plural verb-predicate) There is a knock on the door. (Someone knocks on the door.) They knocked on the door. (Someone knocked the door.)

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Generalized personal sentences do not have their own specific form of expression. In form - definitely personal or indefinitely personal. Distinguished by value. Two main types of meaning: a) the action can be attributed to any person; b) the action of a particular person (the speaker) is habitual, repetitive or presented as a generalized judgment (the verb-predicate is in the form of the 2nd person singular, although we are talking about the speaker, that is, the 1st person).

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You can’t take a fish out of a pond without difficulty (it’s definitely personal in form) (Any (anyone) can’t take a fish out of a pond without difficulty.). Chickens are counted in the fall (in form - indefinitely personal) (All chickens are counted in the fall. Any (any) chickens are counted in the fall.). You can't get rid of the spoken word. (Anyone will not get rid of the spoken word.) You will have a snack at a halt, and then you will go again. (I will have a bite to eat at a halt and then go again.)

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Impersonal sentence A verb-predicate in an impersonal form (coincides with the singular, third person or neuter form). a) Lights up. It was getting light. I'm lucky. (There are no correlative constructions). b) melts. (Snow is melting). c) I (Dat. case) can't sleep. (I'm not sleeping) d) Wind (creative case) tore off the roof. (The wind ripped off the roof)

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2) A compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - an adverb. a) It's cold outside. (no correlative constructions) b) I'm cold. (I'm cold) c) I'm sad. (I'm sad) 3) A compound verbal predicate, the auxiliary part of which is a compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - an adverb. a) I'm sorry to leave you. (I don't want to leave you) b) I have to go. (I have to go.)

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4) A compound nominal predicate with a nominal part - a short passive participle of the past tense in the form of a singular, neuter gender. Closed. (The store is closed.) Well said, Father Varlaam. (Father Varlaam said smoothly.) The room is full of smoke. (Someone smoked in the room.)

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5) The predicate no or the verb in the impersonal form with the negative particle not + addition in the genitive case (negative impersonal sentences). No money. There was no money. No money left. There wasn't enough money.

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6) The predicate no or the verb in the impersonal form with the negative particle not + the addition in the genitive case with the intensifying particle neither (negative impersonal sentences). There is not a cloud in the sky. (The sky is cloudless.) There was not a cloud in the sky. (The sky was cloudless.) I don't have a penny. (I don't have a dime.) I didn't have a dime. (I didn't have a dime.)

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Infinitive sentences The predicate is an independent infinitive. Everyone be silent! (All be silent.) To be a thunderstorm! (There will be a thunderstorm.) Would like to go to the sea! (I would go to the sea.) To forgive a person, one must understand him. (In order for you to forgive a person, you must understand him.)

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Nominative (nominative) sentences The subject is a name in the nominative case (the sentence cannot contain a circumstance or addition that would relate to the predicate). Night. Spring. (Usually there are no correlative constructions.)

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Notes. Negative impersonal sentences (No money. Not a cloud in the sky) are one-part only when expressing negation. If the construction is made affirmative, the sentence will become two-part: the genitive case form will change to the nominative case form (cf .: No money. - There is money. There is not a cloud in the sky. - There are clouds in the sky). 2) A number of researchers consider the genitive form in negative impersonal sentences (No money. There is not a cloud in the sky) to be part of the predicate. In school textbooks, this form is usually parsed as an addition.

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3) Infinitive sentences (Be silent! Be a thunderstorm!) A number of researchers refer to impersonal ones. They are also discussed in the school textbook. But infinitive sentences differ from impersonal ones in meaning. The main part of impersonal sentences denotes an action that arises and proceeds independently of the agent. In infinitive sentences, the person is encouraged to take active action (Be silent!); the inevitability or desirability of active action is noted (To be a thunderstorm! To go to the sea!). 4) Nominative (nominative) sentences are classified by many researchers as two-part with a zero link.

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Note! 1) In negative impersonal sentences with an addition in the form of a genitive case with an intensifying particle neither (There is not a cloud in the sky. I don’t have a penny) the predicate is often omitted (cf .: Not a cloud in the sky; I don’t have a penny). In this case, we can talk about a one-part and at the same time incomplete sentence (with an omitted predicate). 2) The main meaning of denominative (nominative) sentences (Night) is the assertion of being (presence, existence) of objects and phenomena. These constructions are possible only if the phenomenon is correlated with the present time. When the tense or mood changes, the sentence becomes two-part with the predicate to be. Wed: It was night. There will be night. Let it be night. It would be night.

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3) Denominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain circumstances, since this minor member usually correlates with the predicate (and there is no predicate in denominative (nominative) sentences). If the sentence contains a subject and a circumstance (Pharmacy - (where?) Around the corner. I - (where?) To the window), then it is more expedient to parse such sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with the predicate omitted. Wed: The pharmacy is / is located around the corner. I rushed/ran to the window. 4) Nominative (nominative) sentences cannot contain additions that correlate with the predicate. If there are such additions in the sentence (I am (for whom?) For you), then it is more expedient to disassemble these sentences as two-part incomplete ones - with an omitted predicate. Wed: I am walking/following you.

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One-part sentence parsing plan Determine the type of one-part sentence. Indicate those grammatical features of the main member that make it possible to attribute the sentence to this particular type of one-component sentences. Parsing sample Show off, city of Petrov (Pushkin). The offer is one-part (definitely personal). The predicate flaunt is expressed by the verb in the second person of the imperative mood. A fire was lit in the kitchen (Sholokhov). The sentence is one-part (indefinitely personal). The predicate lit is expressed by the verb in the plural past tense. With a gentle word you will melt a stone (proverb). The offer is one-sided. In form - definitely personal: the predicate melt is expressed by the verb in the second person of the future tense; in meaning - generalized-personal: the action of the verb-predicate refers to any actor (cf .: With an affectionate word, anyone / anyone will melt a stone). It smelled wonderfully of fish (Kuprin). The offer is one-part (impersonal). The predicate smelled is expressed by the verb in an impersonal form (past tense, singular, neuter gender). Soft moonlight (stagnant). The offer is one-part (named). The main member - the subject light - is expressed by the noun in the nominative case.

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Types of one-part sentences

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The objectives of the lesson: - to generalize knowledge on the topic “One-part sentences”; - to consolidate the skills of distinguishing one type of proposal from another; - to instill skills in working with a literary text; - develop independent work skills; - to reveal the role of one-part sentences in lyrical works; - educate patriotic feelings and national self-consciousness.

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1. Once a Russian general was driving from the mountains to Tiflis; He was carrying a prisoner child.
Write down the sentences, sorting them out by composition.
2. For three days all the searches for him were in vain, but then they found him unconscious in the steppe and again brought him to the monastery.

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According to the form of the main member of a one-part sentence, they are divided into two main groups: with the main member - the predicate, with the main subject. Compare: Evening. Evening. One-part sentences can be non-common and common. For example: Freeze. Freezing in the morning. Evening. Quiet evening.

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One-part sentences with the main member - the predicate:
Definitely personal sentences Indefinitely personal sentences Generalized personal impersonal sentences

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Offers are definitely personal
predicate-verb in the form of the 1st person singular. and many others. h. 2nd person unit. and many others. h. Indicative or imperative mood (you can substitute the pronouns I, you, we, you) 1) I love a thunderstorm in early May 2) We leave tomorrow at sea.

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Offers indefinitely personal
The predicate is a verb in the form of the 3rd person plural of the present or future tense in the form of the plural of the past tense For example: What's new in the newspaper? 2) There was a knock on the door. In such sentences, the action itself is important, and not the persons who perform it. They think indefinitely. Therefore, in such sentences there is no subject.

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Offers generalized-personal
have the meaning of a generalized person, that is, they indicate that the action is performed by everyone, we love the person, for example: 1) Chickens are counted in autumn 2) You can’t fill a bottomless barrel with water 3) What kind of birds you won’t see in the spring forest! Especially often predicates expressed by the verb in the form of the 2nd or 3rd person have this meaning. Many proverbs are such sentences.

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impersonal proposals
Impersonal sentences are one-part sentences with a predicate in which there is not and cannot be a subject, for example: 1) It is already completely dark. 2) Soon it will be light. 3) It was quiet outside.

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Simple verbal predicate, expressed
1) Impersonal verb 2) Impersonal form of the personal verb past tense neuter gender 3) Impersonal form of the verb to be in negative sentences; word no 4) Indefinite form of the verb
The evenings worked especially well. It's evening outside. Smells like hay over the meadows. (Mike.) A tree was lit by a thunderstorm (N.) Gerasim was no longer in the yard. (T.) I won't be here today. (T.) I don't have a ruler. You will not see such battles. (L.) To be a great storm. (P.)

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Compound predicate, expressed
VERB An impersonal auxiliary verb + an indefinite form of the verb NOMINAL A linking verb in an impersonal form + a nominal part (adverb or short passive participle in the neuter form)
1) Your proposal is worth thinking about. 2) Alyonka did not want to sleep. 1) It was very quiet at that hour. (L.T.) 2) It is hot in the hut. (Ch.)

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Name suggestions.
Nominative sentences are such one-part sentences that have one main member - the subject. They report that some phenomenon or object exists (is) in the present, for example: 1) Forest. Clearing. 2) Spring! With particles here, out, denominative sentences acquire a demonstrative meaning: Here is the front entrance. (N.)

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Nominative sentences are used mainly in fiction (poetry and prose), in newspaper and magazine essays and articles. With their help, writers and journalists usually at the beginning of their works (or chapters, parts) very concisely and accurately draw the place and time of the action, the landscape, the setting, for example: 1) Night. Dugout. The wick burned up. 2) Twenty-first. Night. Monday. The outlines of the capital in the mist.

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1. Stonom grief will not help. 2. The east burns with a new dawn. 3. The hall was decorated with flowers. 4. We work tirelessly. 5. Winter sings, calls out. 6. Put the book on the shelf. 7. In the evenings we are told fairy tales. 8. There is no limit to perfection. 9. Morning freshness. 10. In the evening, everything is asleep. 11. Winter again. 12. It would be nice to make a snow slide.