Silhouettes of the Pushkin era. - M.: Agraf, 1999. - 320 p. - (Literary workshop). - P. 37-42.
As befits a Russian poet, Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky (1800-1844) was born into a fairly wealthy family with a high position in society. Yevgeny Abramovich's parents were nobles close to the tsar. The poet’s family itself had roots in the Polish gentry.
The poet's father was Abram Andreevich Baratynsky, a lieutenant general under Emperor Paul 1, and his mother, Alexandra Feodorovna, was a maid of honor under the Empress Maria Feodorovna herself. The poet was born on March 2, in the small village of Mara, in the Tambov province.
The poet experienced his father's death in 1810 at a very early age. After this fatal event for the Baratynsky family, the mother took the upbringing of little Zhenya into her own hands.
In 1812, Evgeny entered the Petrograd Page Corps, from which he was expelled in 1816 for theft. Because of this crime, the poet was prohibited from enlisting in any military service other than soldiering.
It is believed that this incident became the catalyst for his existential views.
In 1819, the poet entered service in the Petrograd Guards Jaeger Regiment as an ordinary ordinary soldier.
It was during his service in St. Petersburg that Evgeny Baratynsky struck up friendly and creative relationships with such masters as Delving, Pletnev, Zhukovsky, Pushkin, Kuchelbecker.
Until 1826, the poet was in service in Finland, where he wrote quite prolifically. It was during that period that such famous works of the poet as “Finland”, the poem “Eda”, and “Waterfall” were born. Baratynsky's influential friends did not give up trying to get the emperor's pardon, but the poet's work was too independent...
It is worth noting Baratynsky’s passion for the wife of General Zakrevsky, A.F. Zakrevskaya, in 1824. This hobby brought the poet a lot of painful emotions, but at the same time it was deeply imprinted in his work of that time, in particular in such poems as “Fairy”, “I am reckless, and it’s no wonder...” and others.
But still, in 1825, Baratynsky received an officer rank, after which he left the service and settled in Moscow, where he soon married Nastasya Lvovna Engelhard.
It was during this period that a major edition of his works was published.
Since 1832, the poet became one of the authors of the magazine "European", where he worked until its closure, which happened two issues later.
Three years later, in 1835, Baratynsky published his second collection of works. The author's last work was the collection "Twilight", published in 1842.
In 1843, the poet left for Europe, where he spent six months in Paris meeting with creative and public figures in France.
The poet's death came suddenly. On July 11, 1844, after a short illness, Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky suddenly died in the city of Naples. The poet was buried in St. Petersburg, in the Nevsky Monastery.
Born on February 19, 1800 in the village of Vyazhle, Kirsanovsky district, Tambov province. He came from the ancient Polish family of the Boratynskys, who had lived in Russia since the end of the 17th century. Father Abram Andreevich Baratynsky (1767-1810) - retinue of lieutenant general of Paul I, mother - maid of honor of Empress Maria Feodorovna.
As a child, Baratynsky’s uncle was the Italian Borghese, and the boy became acquainted with the Italian language early. He also completely mastered the French language that was accepted in the Baratynsky household, and from the age of eight he was already writing letters in French. In 1808, Baratynsky was taken to St. Petersburg and sent to a private German boarding school, where he learned the German language.
In 1810, the father of Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky died, and his mother, an educated and intelligent woman, took up the upbringing of little Zhenya. From the German boarding school, Baratynsky moved to the page corps. Having become close to some of his comrades, Baratynsky participated in serious pranks, of which one, bordering on a crime - the theft of 500 rubles and a tortoiseshell snuffbox in a gold frame from the father of one of his fellow students - led to his expulsion from the corps, with a ban on entering public service, except for military service. - private. Baratynsky was 15 years old at the time.
After leaving the page corps, Evgeny Baratynsky lived for several years, partly with his mother in the Tambov province, partly with his uncle, his father’s brother, retired vice-admiral Bogdan Andreevich Baratynsky, in the Smolensk province, in the village of Podvoisky. While living in the village, Baratynsky began to write poetry. Like many other people of that time, he willingly wrote French couplets. Since 1817, Russian poetry has reached us, although very weak. But already in 1819, Baratynsky had completely mastered the technique, and his verse began to acquire that “non-general expression”, which he himself later recognized as the main advantage of his poetry. In his uncle’s village, Baratynsky found a small society of young people who were trying to live a cheerful life, and he was carried away in their fun.
After intense efforts, he was allowed to enroll as a private in the St. Petersburg Life Guards Jaeger Regiment. At this time, he met Anton Delvig, who not only morally supported him, but also appreciated his poetic talent. At the same time, friendly relations began with Alexander Pushkin and Wilhelm Kuchelbecker. Baratynsky’s first works appeared in print: messages “To Krenitsin”, “Delvig”, “To Kuchelbecker”, elegies, madrigals, epigrams.
In Finland
In 1820, promoted to non-commissioned officer, he was transferred to the Neishlot infantry regiment, stationed in Finland in the fortification of Kymen and its environs. The regiment was commanded by Colonel Georgy Lutkovsky, his relative. A five-year stay in Finland left the deepest impressions on Baratynsky and clearly reflected on his poetry. He owes several of his best lyric poems (“Finland”, “Waterfall”) and the poem “Eda” to his impressions of the “harsh region”. Initially, Baratynsky led a very solitary, “quiet, calm, measured” life in Finland. His entire company was limited to two or three officers whom he met at the regimental commander, Colonel Lutkovsky. Subsequently, he became close to N.V. Putyata and A.I. Mukhanov, adjutants of the Finnish Governor-General, A.A. Zakrevsky. His friendship with Putyata remained throughout their lives. Putyata described Baratynsky’s appearance as he saw him for the first time: “He was thin, pale, and his features expressed deep despondency.”
In the fall of 1824, thanks to Putyata’s petition, Evgeny Baratynsky received permission to come to Helsingfors and be at the corps headquarters of General Zakrevsky. A noisy and hectic life awaited Baratynsky in Helsingfors. This period of his life dates back to the beginning of his passion for A.F. Zakrevskaya (the wife of General A.A. Zakrevsky), the very one that Pushkin called “a lawless comet in the circle of calculated luminaries,” and to whom rarely anyone approached without to be fascinated by her peculiar personality. This love brought Baratynsky many painful experiences, reflected in such poems as “I notice with rapture”, “Fairy”, “No, rumor deceived you”, “Justification”, “We drink sweet poison in love”, “I am reckless , and it’s no wonder...", "How many you are in a few days." In a letter to Putyata, Baratynsky writes directly: “I hasten to her. You will suspect that I am somewhat carried away: somewhat, really; but I hope that the first hours of solitude will restore my sanity. I’ll write a few elegies and sleep peacefully.” It must be added, however, that Baratynsky himself immediately wrote: “What an unfortunate fruit of premature experience - a heart greedy for passion, but no longer able to indulge in one constant passion and is lost in a crowd of boundless desires! This is M.’s position and mine.”
Retirement
From Helsingfors, Baratynsky had to return to the regiment in Kyumen, and there, in the spring of 1825, Putyata brought him an order to promote him to officer. According to Putyata himself, this “made Baratynsky very happy and revived.” Soon after, the Neishlotsky regiment was assigned to St. Petersburg to keep guard. In St. Petersburg, Baratynsky renewed his literary acquaintances. In the autumn of the same year, Baratynsky returned with the regiment to Kyumen and went briefly to Helsingfors. Soon Evgeny Baratynsky retired and moved to Moscow. “The chains imposed by fate fell from my hands,” he wrote on this occasion. Putyate: “In Finland I experienced everything that was alive in my heart. Its picturesque, although gloomy mountains were similar to my previous fate, also gloomy, but at least quite abundant in distinctive colors. The fate that I foresee will be similar to the Russian monotonous plains...”
In Moscow
In Moscow, Baratynsky met with a circle of Moscow writers Ivan Kireevsky, Nikolai Yazykov, Alexei Khomyakov, Sergei Sobolevsky, Nikolai Pavlov.
In Moscow, on June 9, 1826, Baratynsky married Nastasya Lvovna Engelhard (the wedding took place in the Kharitonia Church in Ogorodniki); At the same time, he entered service in the Boundary Office, but soon retired. His wife was not beautiful, but she was distinguished by her intelligence and delicate taste. Her restless character caused a lot of suffering to Baratynsky himself and influenced the fact that many of his friends moved away from him. In a peaceful family life, everything that was violent and rebellious in Baratynsky gradually smoothed out; he himself confessed: “I locked the door to the merry fellows, I am fed up with their exuberant happiness, and have now replaced it with decent, quiet voluptuousness.”
Baratynsky's fame as a poet began after the publication, in 1826, of his poems “Eda” and “Feasts” (in one book, with an interesting preface by the author) and, in 1827, the first collection of lyric poems - the result of the first half of his work. In 1828 the poem “The Ball” appeared (together with Pushkin’s “Count Nulin”), in 1831 - “The Concubine” (“Gypsy”), in 1835 - the second edition of small poems (in two parts), with a portrait.
Outwardly, his life passed without visible shocks. But from the poems of 1835 it becomes clear that at that time he experienced some kind of new love, which he calls “the darkening of his painful soul.” Sometimes he tries to convince himself that he has remained the same, exclaiming: “I pour my glass, I pour it as I poured it!” Finally, the poem “Glass” is remarkable, in which Baratynsky talks about those “orgies” that he organized alone with himself, when wine again awakened in him “revelations of the underworld.” He lived sometimes in Moscow, sometimes on his estate, in the village of Muranovo (not far from Talitsy, near the Trinity-Sergius Lavra), sometimes in Kazan, did a lot of housework, and sometimes went to St. Petersburg, where in 1839 he met Mikhail Lermontov, in company was valued as an interesting and sometimes brilliant conversationalist and worked on his poems, finally coming to the conviction that “there is nothing more useful in the world than poetry.”
Modern criticism reacted to Baratynsky’s poems rather superficially, and the literary enemies of Pushkin’s circle (the magazine “Blagonamerenny” and others) quite diligently attacked his supposedly exaggerated “romanticism.” But the authority of Pushkin himself, who highly valued Baratynsky’s talent, was still so high that, despite these voices of critics, Baratynsky was recognized by general tacit consent as one of the best poets of his time and became a welcome contributor to all the best magazines and almanacs. Baratynsky wrote little, working for a long time on his poems and often radically altering those already published. Although a true poet, he was not a writer at all; in order to write anything other than poetry, he needed an external reason. So, for example, out of friendship for the young Alexander Muravyov, he wrote an excellent analysis of the collection of his poems “Tavrida”, proving that he could become an interesting critic. Affected by the criticism of his poem "The Concubine", he wrote an "anti-criticism", somewhat dry, but in which there are very wonderful thoughts about poetry and art in general.
When, in 1831, Ivan Kireevsky, with whom Baratynsky became close friends, undertook the publication of “The European,” Baratynsky began to write prose for him, writing, among other things, the story “The Ring” and preparing to conduct polemics with magazines in it. When “The European” was banned, Baratynsky wrote to Kireevsky: “Together with you, I lost a strong incentive to work verbally.” People who personally knew Baratynsky agree that his poems do not quite “express that world of grace that he carried in the depths of his soul.” “Having poured out his heartfelt thoughts in a friendly conversation, lively, varied, incredibly fascinating, full of happy words and meaningful thoughts, Baratynsky was often content with the lively sympathy of his close circle, caring less about possibly distant readers.” Thus, in the surviving letters of Baratynsky there are scattered quite a few sharp critical remarks about contemporary writers - reviews that he never tried to make available to the press. Very curious, by the way, are Baratynsky’s remarks about various works of Pushkin, to whom he, when he wrote with complete frankness, did not always treat fairly. Realizing the greatness of Pushkin, in a letter to him he personally suggested that he “raise Russian poetry to that degree between the poetry of all nations to which Peter the Great raised Russia among the powers,” but he never missed an opportunity to point out what he considered weak and imperfect in Pushkin. Later criticism directly accused Baratynsky of envy of Pushkin and suggested that Pushkin’s Salieri was copied from Baratynsky. There is reason to think that in the poem “Autumn” Baratynsky had Pushkin in mind when he spoke of a “violently rushing hurricane” to which everything in nature responds, comparing with it “a voice, a vulgar voice, a broadcaster of general thoughts,” and in contrast to this “ broadcaster of general thoughts” indicated that “the verb that passionately passed over the earthly will not find a response.”
The news of Pushkin’s death found Baratynsky in Moscow precisely in those days when he was working on “Autumn.” Baratynsky abandoned the poem, and it remained unfinished.
"Twilight"
In 1842, Baratynsky, at that time already a “star of a disparate galaxy,” published a small collection of his new poems: “Twilight,” dedicated to Prince Vyazemsky. This publication caused Baratynsky a lot of grief. He was offended in general by the tone of the critics of this book, but especially by Belinsky’s article. It seemed to Belinsky that Baratynsky in his poems rebelled against science, against enlightenment. Of course, it was a misunderstanding. So, for example, in the poem: “Until man tortured nature,” Baratynsky only developed the thought of his youthful letter: “Isn’t it better to be a happy ignoramus than an unfortunate sage.” In the poem “The Last Poet” he protested against the materialistic trend that was beginning to take shape then (late 30s and early 40s) in European society, and the future development of which Baratynsky shrewdly guessed. He protested against the exclusive desire for the “urgent and useful,” and not against knowledge in general, the interests of which were always close and dear to Baratynsky. Baratynsky did not object to Belinsky’s criticism, but the wonderful poem “For Sowing the Forest” remained a monument to his mood at that time. Baratynsky says in it that he “flew with his soul to new tribes” (that is, to younger generations), that he “gave them a voice of all good feelings,” but did not receive an answer from them. Belinsky almost directly means the words that “the one who was crushed by the impulse of my soul could challenge me to a bloody battle” (he could strive to refute my, Baratynsky’s, ideas, without replacing them with imaginary hostility to science); but, according to Baratynsky, this enemy chose to “dig a hidden ditch under him” (that is, fight him in unfair ways). Baratynsky even ends his poems with a threat, and after that he abandons poetry altogether: “I rejected the strings.” But such vows, even if given by poets, are never fulfilled by them.
Travel through Europe and death
In the fall of 1843, Baratynsky fulfilled his long-standing desire - he took a trip abroad. He spent the winter months of 1843-44 in Paris, where he met many French writers (Alfred de Vigny, Merimee, both Thierry, Maurice Chevalier, Lamartine, Charles Nodier, etc.). To introduce the French to his poetry, Baratynsky translated several of his poems into French. In the spring of 1844, Baratynsky set off via Marseille by sea to Naples. Before leaving Paris, Baratynsky felt unwell, and doctors warned him against the influence of the hot climate of southern Italy. As soon as the Baratynskys arrived in Naples, N.L. Baratynskaya suffered one of those painful seizures (probably nervous) that caused so much anxiety to her husband and everyone around her. This had such an effect on Baratynsky that his headaches, which he often suffered from, suddenly intensified, and the next day, June 29 (July 11), 1844, he died suddenly. His body was transported to St. Petersburg and buried in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery, at the Lazarevsky cemetery.
Newspapers and magazines barely responded to his death. Belinsky then said about the late poet: “A thinking person will always re-read Baratynsky’s poems with pleasure, because he will always find a person in them - a subject eternally interesting to a person.”
Baratynsky's works in poetry and prose were published by his sons in 1869 and 1884.
Evgeniy Abramovich was born on February 19, 1800 in a family of the noble class. The Mara estate, where the Baratynskys lived, was located in the Tambov province.
Having given the boy the traditional home upbringing and education in noble families, in 1812 he had to go to, because. his parents sent him to the Corps of Pages, an elite military school.
They taught in the Corps of Pages not particularly diligently, and the situation with moral education was rather weak.
In 1816, Eugene fell under the influence of bad company and became involved in a serious crime - theft. As a result, he was expelled from the corps, deprived of the right to enter service, with the exception of simple soldiering. These events broke Baratynsky and greatly influenced the formation of his character.
For three years, his relatives worked for forgiveness while he himself was inactive. But there was one option - to start from scratch, becoming an ordinary military man, and advance through the ranks to officer rank. And so in 1818 he came to St. Petersburg, and he was enlisted in the royal guard.
Debut in literature
Baratynsky, who had fallen in love with poetry since childhood and wrote poetry himself, during these years of service met several people from the literary community, in particular Delvig, who in turn introduced his new friend to Pushkin and became Baratynsky’s mentor and patron in literary matters.
Soon the first poems of E. Baratynsky appeared in print, and were met quite approvingly. In particular, he wrote quite commendable words about the “harmony and maturity” of his elegies. And if there were certain successes in the work of Yevgeny Abramovich, his military service did not advance.
In 1820 he was promoted to the rank of non-commissioned officer and transferred to Finland. He spent more than five years there, but had the opportunity to come to St. Petersburg, often and for a long time.
The service did not particularly burden him, so he devoted a lot of time to literature. His literary fame grew. And at this time friends were working hard for Baratynsky to receive an officer rank. Finally, in 1825, he received the rank of ensign, after which he immediately retired and went to Moscow. He moved in the circles of progressive literary youth close to the Decembrists, and this also influenced his formation.
He was in opposition to the existing police regime, and even his poems denouncing Arakcheev and the autocracy have been preserved. And yet Baratynsky was not obsessed with topical political topics, and those poems were unique and not characteristic of him. He became more and more focused on philosophical and purely artistic interests.
20s: creative crisis
In the mid-20s, Baratynsky was in search of new creative paths. He no longer accepted the genre of elegy and called poets of this genre “those who fell in love with sadness.” He tried to re-present the romantic poem using a realistic style of presentation. Such are the poems “Eda”, “Ball” and “Concubine” (1825 - 1831). A.S. Pushkin spoke approvingly of these poems. But they did not have lasting success.
30s: philosophical lyrics
In the 30s, Baratynsky finally finds his way. And he found it in philosophical poetry. It was the genre of philosophical lyricism that nurtured in him a major poet with a “non-general expression” of creative appearance. And Baratynsky’s achievements in the “poetry of thought” were again noted by Pushkin, speaking about the independence of his thoughts, about deep and strong feelings, about poetic originality.
Late period
In subsequent years, he stood in the position of an opponent of the coming “Iron Age” and its “industrial worries”, which killed the “dreams of poetry”. But the advanced ideas of the century remained alien to the poet. And as a result, his late lyrics are full of a feeling of loneliness, doom, and disbelief in the future.
The main theme of late lyricism is the tragic fate of the poet, who is destined to perish under the conditions of the new “Iron Age”. As a result, he gradually found himself rejected by his contemporaries. Belinsky condemned him.
In 1842, Baratynsky’s last collection of poetry with the telling title “Twilight” was published. She was not noticed by either critics or readers. In 1843, Evgeny Baratynsky went to live abroad. For a year he lived in Germany and France, and then in Italy. In Naples on July 29, 1844, Baratynsky died suddenly.
Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky, whose biography arouses sincere interest among fans of poetic lyricism, is a famous Russian poet of the 19th century, a contemporary and friend of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin.
Childhood
Born on February 19, 1800 into a poor family of nobles living in the Tambov province. His mother Alexandra Fedorovna was a maid of honor, and his father Abram Andreevich was an adjutant general.
The boy spoke foreign languages from early childhood. French was accepted in the Baratynskys' house; at the age of 8, Zhenya spoke it fluently. He learned Italian thanks to his uncle, the Italian Borghese, and studied German in a private boarding school in St. Petersburg, where his parents sent him in 1808.
In 1810, his father passed away, and his mother, an intelligent, educated woman, completely shouldered the responsibility of raising her son. In 1812, Eugene entered the Corps of Pages in the city of St. Petersburg. There, with a certain group of comrades, he took part in pranks, which ended very sadly for him. One of them bordered on a crime (theft) and became the reason for the young man’s expulsion from an educational institution without the right to enter the civil service, except for the soldier.
This shameful incident greatly affected 15-year-old Evgeniy. The young man was more than once ready to say goodbye to life. As if through a dark glass, Evgeny Baratynsky began to look at the world around him. His poems had a pessimistic mood, bordering on mental anguish, the pangs of shame experienced.
Baratynsky Evgeniy Abramovich: biography
After being expelled, Baratynsky went to the Tambov province, to the village to visit his mother. Periodically visited his uncle, Admiral B.A. Baratynsky, who lived in the Smolensk province. Life in the rural open spaces fully awakened Evgenia’s poetic talent. The rhyming lines of the early period were quite weak, but within a couple of days Baratynsky gained confidence and his own individual style.
In 1819, Evgeny Baratynsky, whose poems are studied in the school curriculum, was enlisted in the St. Petersburg Jaeger Regiment as a private. Interest in literature during this period prompted him to purposefully seek acquaintance with writers as a young author. His work was appreciated by Anton Antonovich Delvig, who had a significant influence on Baratynsky’s writing style. The writer morally supported the young man, helped him publish his own works and introduced him to such famous writers as Pyotr Pletnev, Wilhelm Kuchelbecker, and Alexander Pushkin.
“I’m reckless - and no wonder!” - Evgeny Baratynsky addresses Delvig specifically in this poem, written in 1823, where he talks about his heartache, and a manifestation of his friendship with Alexander Sergeevich was the publication of the book “Two Stories in Verse,” which included poems by Baratynsky “The Ball” and Pushkin “ Count Nulin."
Years in Finland
In 1820, Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky, whose biography is of sincere interest to fans of his work, with the rank of non-commissioned officer, joined the Neyshlotsky regiment, based in Finland. There he stayed for 5 years. He led a calm, secluded life. were a couple of officers whom he met with the regimental commander. This period, which left the deepest impressions in Baratynsky’s mind, was clearly reflected in his poetry. The harsh region was described in the poems “Waterfall”, “Finland”, “Eda”.
Epigrams, madrigals, elegies and messages of Baratynsky began to appear in print periodically. The poem “Feasts,” published in 1820, brought him particular success. At this time, Evgeniy became close to the memoirist and historian N.V. Putyata, with whom he preserved his friendship until the end of his days. Nikolai Vasilyevich described Evgeny as a thin, pale man, whose features expressed the deepest despondency.
Baratynsky Evgeniy Abramovich: interesting facts
Thanks to Putyata's petition, in 1824 Eugene was allowed to come to Helsingfors (the capital of Finland). There he was at the corps headquarters of General Zakrevsky and became very interested in his wife Agrafena. The poet dedicated many poetic lines to his muse (“To me with noticeable rapture”, “Justification”, “No, rumor deceived you”, “Fairy”, “Ball”, “I am reckless - and no wonder!”). Evgeny Baratynsky suffered a lot because of this love. Later, the conqueror of men’s hearts had an affair with A.S. Pushkin.
Meanwhile, Baratynsky's friends persistently sought to assign him an officer's rank and all the time encountered refusal from the emperor. The reason for this was the independent nature of the writer’s work and his oppositional statements. Baratynsky was not a Decembrist, but the ideas that were embodied in the activities of secret societies completely took possession of his consciousness. Political opposition was reflected in the epigram on Arakcheev, the elegy “Storm”, and the poem “Stanzas”. Finally, in 1825, Eugene was promoted to officer, which gave him the opportunity to control his own destiny. He settled in Moscow, started a family (Nastasya Lvovna Engelgard became Evgeniy Baratynsky’s wife) and soon retired.
The settled life of Baratynsky
His life became monotonous; his wife had a restless character, which caused a lot of suffering to Eugene and influenced the fact that many friends moved away from him.
A peaceful family life smoothed out in the poet all the rebellious, violent things that tormented him in recent years. The poet lived sometimes in the capital, sometimes on his estate (the village of Muranovo), sometimes in Kazan, and often traveled to St. Petersburg.
In 1839, Baratynsky met Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. In Moscow he became friends with such writers as N. F. Pavlov, A. S. Khomyakov, I. V. Kireevsky, S. A. Sobolevsky. The result of the first period of Yevgeny Baratynsky’s work was a collection of his poems published in 1827.
Baratynsky's creativity
The defeat of the Decembrist uprising radically changed the social life of Russia, which could not but affect Baratynsky’s poetry. Themes of loneliness, great sorrow, glorification of death as the “solution of all chains” (“Death”, “What are you for, days”, “Last death”, “Bastard”, “Why should a slave dream of freedom?”) came to the fore in his creativity. In the poems, the pessimistic motives of grief, the doom of art, the inferiority of human nature, and the impending destruction of humanity are acutely felt.
In 1832, the magazine "European" began to be published; Baratynsky became one of the active authors. There were only two publications of the publication, after which the magazine was banned. The great Russian poet, deprived of a strong motivation for verbal labors, fell into a hopeless, aching melancholy.
In 1835, the second edition of his works was published, which at that time seemed to be the completion of his creative path. The last book published during Baratynsky’s lifetime was the collection “Twilight” (1842), which united poems from the 1830s and 1840s and was dedicated to Prince Andreevich. It clearly expresses the contradiction between historical progress and the spiritual and aesthetic nature of man.
Travel to Naples
Since the end of 1839, Baratynsky Evgeniy Abramovich (life years - 1800-1844) with his wife and nine children lived in the Muranovo estate near Moscow, which later belonged to the Tyutchevs. The poet liked village life: he enjoyed farming, without stopping his creative search.
In 1843, Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky, whose biography was coming to an end, went abroad with his older children and wife, spent six months in Paris, met with writers and public figures in France. To introduce the French to his poetry, the poet translated several poems into their native language.
In 1844, Baratynsky went by sea to Naples via Marseille. Even at the beginning of the journey, he felt unwell, and doctors warned him about the possibility of adverse effects from the hot climate of Italy. Upon arrival in Naples, Baratynsky’s wife suffered a painful seizure due to nervousness, which had a very strong effect on Yevgeny Abramovich. His headaches increased sharply, often bothering him. The day after the incident - July 11, 1844 - Baratynsky suddenly died.
The poet's body was transported to St. Petersburg and buried at the Lazarevsky cemetery, in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery.
Baratynsky's poetry - poetry of thought
As the great Russian poet Alexander Pushkin said, Baratynsky’s poetry is the poetry of thought. The poet of modern times, a romantic with a complex spiritual world, full of grief and sorrow, who invested great personal passion in art, was original, because he thought correctly and independently. Belinsky rightly believed that of all the poets who were Pushkin’s contemporaries, Evgeniy Abramovich Baratynsky ranks first. His work is a huge legacy for the modern generation. After Baratynsky's death, a long period of almost complete oblivion of his works began. Interest in the poet's work was revived at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries.
The school curriculum includes a poem written by Evgeny Baratynsky in 1832 - “Spring”. With unique trepidation and tenderness, the author conveys all the unusualness of the arrival of spring. Nature under Baratynsky’s pen seems to come to life, breathe and sing.
There is a completely opposite mood in the poem “Where is the sweet whisper...”. Evgeny Baratynsky describes the arrival of winter, its freezing cold, gloomy sky and angry raging wind.
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