MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION
RUSSIAN FEDERATION

On Approval of the Rules for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods
by car

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Document as amended by:

by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated June 11, 1999 N 37 (Rossiyskaya gazeta, N 156, 11.08.99);
by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia of October 14, 1999 N 77 (Bulletin of normative acts of federal executive bodies, N 47, 11/22/99).

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In pursuance of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 23, 1994 N 372 "On measures to ensure safety during the transportation of dangerous goods by road"

I order:

1. Approve the Rules for the transport of dangerous goods by road, agreed with the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, the Committee of the Russian Federation for Standardization, Metrology and Certification, the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters and the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural resources of the Russian Federation.

2. The Russian Transport Inspectorate (Lagutin) to establish control over compliance with the Rules for the transport of dangerous goods by road.

Minister
V.B. Efimov

Registered
at the Ministry of Justice
Russian Federation
December 18, 1995
Registration N 997

Appendix
to order
Ministry of Transport
Russian Federation
dated August 8, 1995 N 73

APPROVE
Minister of Transport
Russian Federation
V.B. Efimov
1995

AGREED:

Ministry of the Interior
Russian Federation
10/20/1994

Committee of the Russian
Federation for Standardization,
metrology and certification
11/2/1994

Ministry of the Russian Federation
for civil defence,
emergencies
and elimination of consequences
natural Disasters
February 28, 1995

Ministry of Defense
environment
and natural resources
Russian Federation
October 31, 1994

DANGEROUS GOODS REGULATIONS
BY CAR

INTRODUCED Amendment approved by order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation N 77 of 10/14/99.

The changes were made by the legal bureau "KODEKS".

The rules for the transportation of dangerous goods by road were developed in accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 23, 1994 N 372 and determine the basic conditions for the transport of hazardous substances by road, general requirements for ensuring safety during their transportation, regulate the relationship, rights and obligations of participants in the transport of dangerous goods .

When developing the Rules, the provisions and norms of the current legislative and regulatory legal acts regulating the procedure for the implementation of motor transport activities and the transportation of dangerous goods in the Russian Federation (the Civil Code of the Russian Federation; the Charter of Road Transport approved by Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR of January 8, 1969 N 12) were taken into account; Rules for the carriage of goods by road, approved by the Ministry of Autotransport of the RSFSR on July 30, 1971; Rules of the Road, approved by Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 23, 1993 N 1090; Instructions for ensuring the safety of transportation of dangerous goods by road, approved by the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs on September 23, 1985 ), the requirements of international conventions and agreements to which Russia is a party, in particular, the European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) *.

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* In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 3, 1994 N 76, Russia officially joined ADR on April 28, 1994.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. These Rules establish on the territory of the Russian Federation the procedure for the transportation of dangerous goods by road along the streets of cities and towns, public roads, as well as departmental and private roads that are not closed to public use, regardless of the ownership of dangerous goods and vehicles carrying these goods, and are obligatory for all organizations, as well as individual entrepreneurs.

1.2. The Rules do not apply to:

Technological movements of dangerous goods by road within the territory of organizations where they are produced, processed, stored, used or destroyed, if such movements are carried out without access to public roads, as well as the streets of cities and towns, departmental roads that allow the movement of vehicles public facilities;

Transportation of certain types of dangerous goods by vehicles belonging to the armed forces, state security and internal affairs bodies;

Transportation of a limited number of hazardous substances in one vehicle, the carriage of which can be considered as the carriage of non-dangerous goods*.

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* The limited number of dangerous goods is determined in the requirements for the safe transport of a particular type of dangerous goods. When determining it, it is possible to use the requirements of the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR).

1.3. International transportation of dangerous goods, including export-import and transit transportation of dangerous goods through the territory of the Russian Federation, is carried out in compliance with the rules and regulations established by international conventions and intergovernmental agreements to which the Russian Federation is a party. When carrying out international movements of hazardous wastes, it is recommended to be guided by the requirements of the "Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal" dated March 22, 1989.

1.4. For the purposes of these Rules, dangerous goods include any substances, materials, products, industrial and other wastes that, due to their inherent properties and characteristics, may, during their transportation, pose a threat to human life and health, harm the environment, cause damage to or destruction of property.

The list of dangerous goods transported by road is given in Appendix N 7.3.

1.5. Dangerous goods according to the requirements of GOST 19433-88 "Dangerous goods. Classification and marking" and ADR are divided into the following classes:

1 - explosive materials (EM);

2 - gases compressed, liquefied and dissolved under pressure;

3 - flammable liquids (flammable liquids);

4 - flammable solids (LVT), spontaneously igniting substances (SV); substances that emit flammable gases when interacting with water;

5 - oxidizing agents (OK) and organic peroxides (OP);

6 - poisonous substances (NS) and infectious substances (IV);

7 - radioactive materials (RM);

8 - caustic and (or) corrosive substances (EC);

9 - other dangerous substances.

Dangerous goods of each class, in accordance with their physical and chemical properties, types and degree of danger during transportation, are divided into subclasses, categories and groups, according to GOST 19433-88, are given in Appendix 7.1.

1.6. Dangerous goods requiring special precautions during transportation include substances and materials with physical and chemical properties of a high degree of danger according to GOST 19433-88, hereinafter referred to as "especially dangerous goods" (Appendix 7.2).

Transportation of "especially dangerous goods" is carried out in accordance with these Rules and in compliance with special safety requirements approved in the manner prescribed by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 23, 1994 N 372.

2. ORGANIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION

2.1. Licensing of transportation of dangerous goods

Licensing of transportation of dangerous goods is carried out in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation on licensing.

2.2. Permit system for international transportation of dangerous goods

2.2.1. International transportation through the territory of the Russian Federation of dangerous goods of the 1st and 6th hazard classes, other classes named in Appendix N 7.16 of these Rules, as well as dangerous goods, regardless of the hazard class, transported in tanks, detachable tank containers, batteries of general vessels with a capacity of more than 1000 liters, are carried out according to special permits issued by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation (paragraph as amended, put into effect on December 3, 1999 by order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated October 14, 1999 N 77).

2.2.2. The certificate of admission of the vehicle to the transportation of dangerous goods is issued by the departments of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at the place of registration of the vehicle after the technical inspection of the vehicle.

2.3. Permit system for the transportation of "especially dangerous goods"

2.3.1. When transporting "especially dangerous goods" by road (see clause 1.6 of these Rules), the consignor (consignee) must obtain permission for transportation from the internal affairs authorities at his location.

2.3.2. To obtain a permit for the transportation of "especially dangerous goods", the consignor (consignee) submits to the internal affairs authorities at the place of acceptance of the cargo for transportation an application indicating the name of the dangerous cargo, the number of items and substances, the route of transportation, the persons responsible for the transportation and (or ) persons guarding the cargo along the way.

The following documents are attached to the application:

Hazard Information System Emergency Card (Appendix 7.5);

The transportation route developed by the motor transport organization and agreed with the consignor (consignee) (Appendix 7.11);

Certificate of approval of the vehicle for the carriage of dangerous goods (Appendix 7.13).

2.3.3. A note on the permission to transport "especially dangerous goods" is made on the form of the transportation route (in the upper right corner), indicating the period of validity of the permit.

The permit is issued for one or more identical shipments, as well as for a consignment of goods transported along an established route, for a period not exceeding 6 months.

2.3.4. In accordance with the current legislation, permission for the transportation of nuclear materials and radioactive substances is issued by the Gosatomnadzor of Russia.

2.3.5. Transportation of "especially dangerous goods" is allowed with proper protection and must be accompanied by a specially responsible person - a representative of the consignor (consignee), who knows the properties of dangerous goods and knows how to handle them.

The need for specialists to accompany other dangerous goods that are not classified as "especially dangerous goods" is determined by the consignor (consignee). Accompanying persons and persons of paramilitary guards are allocated by the consignor (consignee).

In cases where, under a contract for the carriage of goods by road, the escort of dangerous goods is assigned to the driver of the car, the latter must be instructed by the consignor (consignee) before sending the goods according to the rules for handling and transporting it.

2.4. Registration of transportations

Transportation of dangerous goods by road is carried out on the basis of a contract of carriage concluded in accordance with applicable law.

2.5. Staff training

2.5.1. The heads of motor transport organizations are responsible for the selection of persons to escort dangerous goods and their instruction.

2.5.2. The duties of the person responsible for escorting the cargo during transportation include:

Accompanying and ensuring the protection of cargo from the place of departure to the place of destination;

Training of security guards and car drivers;

External inspection (checking the correctness of the packaging and labeling of the cargo) and acceptance of dangerous goods at the places of receipt of the cargo;

Monitoring the loading and securing of cargo;

Compliance with safety rules while driving and parking;

Organization of personal security measures for the personnel carrying out the transportation and public security;

Delivery of goods upon arrival at the destination.

2.6. Selection and coordination of the transportation route

2.6.1. The development of the route for the transportation of dangerous goods is carried out by the transport organization that performs this transportation.

2.6.2. The selected route is subject to mandatory coordination with the traffic police departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the following cases:

When transporting "especially dangerous goods";

When transporting dangerous goods carried out in difficult road conditions (in mountainous terrain, in difficult meteorological conditions (ice, snowfall), in conditions of insufficient visibility (fog, etc.);

When transported by a convoy of more than 3 vehicles, following from the place of departure to the place of destination.

2.6.3. When developing a transportation route, a motor transport organization should be guided by the following basic requirements:

Important large industrial facilities should not be located near the transportation route;

The transportation route should not pass through recreation areas, architectural, natural reserves and other specially protected areas;

On the route of transportation, places for parking vehicles and refueling should be provided.

2.6.4. The transportation route should not pass through large settlements. If it is necessary to transport dangerous goods inside large settlements, traffic routes should not pass near entertainment, cultural, educational, educational, preschool and medical institutions.

2.6.5. To coordinate the route of transportation of dangerous goods, the transport organization is obliged to submit the following documents to the territorial divisions of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at least 10 days before the start of transportation:

The developed route of transportation according to the established form in 3 copies. (Appendix 7.11);

Certificate of approval of the vehicle for the transport of dangerous goods;

For "especially dangerous goods" in addition - a special instruction for the transportation of dangerous goods, submitted by the consignor (consignee), and a permit for the transportation of goods issued by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation at the location of the consignor (consignee).

2.6.6. Transportation routes are coordinated with the departments of the State Traffic Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, in the serviced territory of which there are motor transport organizations transporting dangerous goods, or in which vehicles transporting dangerous goods are temporarily registered:

When passing the route within the same district, city - with a subdivision of the State traffic inspectorate of the internal affairs body of the given district, city;

When passing the route within one subject of the Russian Federation - with the subdivision of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate, the Department of Internal Affairs of this subject of the Russian Federation;

When passing the route along the roads of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation - with the units of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Central Internal Affairs Directorate, the Internal Affairs Directorate of the relevant constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

2.6.7. The route of transportation coordinated with the traffic police departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is valid for the period specified in the permit. In cases where such a period is not specified (except for the cases specified in clause 2.6.2), dangerous goods can be transported along the agreed route within 6 months from the date of agreement.

2.6.8. In the event of circumstances requiring a change in the agreed route, the motor transport organization is obliged to agree on a new route developed by it for the transportation of dangerous goods in those divisions of the State Traffic Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia where the initial route was coordinated.

In this case, the transport organization notifies the relevant units of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia located along the route about the timing of the transportation and all unforeseen changes that have arisen along the route of the dangerous goods.

2.6.9. The first copy of the agreed route of transportation is stored in the GAI of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the second - in the transport organization, the third - is located during the transportation of goods with the responsible person, and in his absence - with the driver.

2.7. Acceptance of dangerous goods for transportation

2.7.1. Acceptance of dangerous goods for transportation and their delivery to the consignee is carried out by weight, and packed - by the number of packages.

2.7.2. Acceptance of dangerous goods for transportation is carried out by a motor transport organization upon presentation by the consignor of a substance safety data sheet in accordance with GOST R 50587-93 "Substance (material) safety data sheet. Basic provisions. Information on ensuring safety during production, use, storage, transportation, disposal."

2.7.3. When accepting dangerous goods for transportation, the driver must check for the presence of special markings on the container, which is carried out in accordance with GOST 19433-88 and ADR. The location of the marking characterizing the transport hazard on the loading unit is given in Appendix 7.9.

2.8. Organization of the hazard information system

2.8.1. The Hazard Information System (HIS) includes the following main elements:

Information tables for the designation of vehicles (Appendix 7.4);

an emergency card to determine measures to eliminate accidents or incidents and their consequences (Appendix 7.5);

Information card for decoding the code of emergency measures indicated on the information table (Appendix 7.6);

Special coloring and inscriptions on vehicles.

2.8.2. The organization of the CIO in accordance with the requirements of these Rules is assigned to motor transport organizations that carry out the transportation of dangerous goods, and consignors (consignees).

Practical measures to ensure the SIS are carried out by motor transport organizations together with consignors (consignees).

Information tables of the SIS are produced by organizations producing dangerous goods and submitted to motor transport organizations for installation in front and behind the vehicle on special devices (clause 4.1.11).

Information tables for designating vehicles must be made according to the dimensions indicated in the figure - Appendix 7.4 of these Rules, and in compliance with the following requirements:

The general background of the table is white;

Background graph "KEM" and "UN N" orange;

The frame of the table, the division lines of the graph, numbers and letters of the text are made in black;

The name of the column (KEM, UN N) and the inscription in the label "Corrosive" are made in white;

The frame of the danger sign is applied with a black line with a thickness of at least 5 mm at a distance of 5 mm from the edges of the sign;

The thickness of the letters in the columns "KEM" and "UN N" is 15 mm, and on the danger sign is not less than 3 mm;

The frame and dividing lines of the table are applied with a thickness of 15 mm;

The alphanumeric emergency code is written in any order of letters and numbers.

The emergency card of the hazard information system is filled in by the manufacturer of the dangerous goods in a single form (Appendix 7.5) and is attached in addition to the waybill.

The emergency card must be kept by the driver of a vehicle carrying dangerous goods. In the case of escort of dangerous goods by a responsible person - a representative of the consignor (consignee) (see clause 2.3.5) - the emergency card must be with him.

The SIO information card (Appendix 7.6) is made of thick paper measuring 130 mm by 60 mm. On the front side of the card, a decoding of the information tables is given, and on the reverse side there are samples of danger signs in accordance with GOST 19433-88.

The numbers indicate the code of emergency measures (EEC) in case of fire and leakage, as well as information on the consequences of substances entering the wastewater.

The letters indicate the code of emergency measures (KEM) for the protection of people. The choice of letters is made according to the initial letters of the most characteristic words of the code used:

D - BREATHING apparatus and protective gloves are required;

P - breathing apparatus and protective gloves are required, only in case of FIRE;

K - a complete protective set of clothing and breathing apparatus is required;

E - EVACUATION of people is necessary.

2.8.3. In the event of an incident during the transportation of dangerous goods, measures to eliminate the incident and its consequences are carried out in accordance with the instructions given in the emergency card, or the code of emergency measures according to the SIS information table.

2.8.4. The complete identification of the transported dangerous goods is carried out according to the numbering according to the UN list, available in the information table and the emergency card of the hazard information system, as well as in the application (single order) for the transportation of this cargo.

2.8.5. Bodies of vehicles, tank trucks, trailers and tank semi-trailers permanently engaged in the transport of dangerous goods must be painted in the identification colors established for these goods and have the appropriate inscriptions:

When transporting methanol, the vehicle (tank) is painted orange with a black stripe and an orange inscription on the side of the shell "Methanol is poison!";

When transporting ammonia - any color of the vehicle and the inscription "Ammonia water. Flammable";

When transporting substances that emit flammable gases when interacting with water, the vehicle is painted blue and the inscription "Flammable" is applied;

When transporting spontaneously combustible substances, the lower part of the vehicle (tank) is painted red, the upper part is white and the black inscription "Flammable" is applied;

When transporting flammable substances, the vehicle (tank) is painted orange and the inscription "Flammable" is applied;

When transporting substances that support combustion, the vehicle (tank) is painted yellow and a double inscription is applied

"Flammable"

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"Corrosive";

when transporting caustic substances, the vehicle (tank) is painted yellow with a black stripe along the side, on which the inscription "Corrosive substance" is applied in yellow.

2.8.6. The height of letters and inscriptions applied to vehicles carrying dangerous goods must be at least 150 mm, black, except as specified in paragraph 2.8.5.

2.9. Carrying out loading and unloading operations

2.9.1. Control over the loading and unloading operations of dangerous goods on vehicles is carried out by a responsible person - a representative of the consignor (consignee) accompanying the goods.

2.9.2. Loading of the vehicle is allowed until its full load capacity is used. When transporting "especially dangerous goods", the vehicle is loaded in the amount and in the manner specified in special instructions developed by manufacturing organizations.

2.9.3. Loading, unloading and fastening of dangerous goods on the vehicle is carried out by the forces and means of the consignor (consignee), in compliance with all precautions, avoiding shocks, shocks, excessive pressure on the container, using mechanisms and tools that do not give sparks during operation.

2.9.4. Loading and unloading operations with dangerous goods are carried out with the vehicle engine turned off, and the driver must be outside the established loading and unloading area, if specified in the shipper's instructions, with the exception of cases when the activation of the lifting or draining mechanisms installed on the vehicle is provided with the engine running.

2.9.5. Loading and unloading operations with dangerous goods must be carried out at specially equipped posts. In this case, loading and unloading of no more than one vehicle can be carried out.

2.9.6. The presence of unauthorized persons at the posts designated for the loading and unloading of dangerous goods is not allowed.

2.9.7. It is prohibited to carry out loading and unloading operations with explosive and flammable goods during a thunderstorm.

2.9.8. Loading and unloading operations with dangerous goods, carried out manually, must be carried out in compliance with all personal safety measures of the personnel involved in these works.

2.9.9. The use of load gripping devices of loading and unloading mechanisms that create a risk of damage to the container and arbitrary fall of the load is not allowed.

2.9.10. The movement of drums with dangerous goods in the process of loading and unloading operations and the performance of warehouse work can only be carried out on specially arranged linings, ladders and floorings.

2.9.11. Bottles with dangerous goods, packed in accordance with GOST 26319-84 "Dangerous goods supplied for export. Packaging" in boxes, baskets, drums or crates, provided that the gaps are filled with an inert cushioning material, when performing loading and unloading operations, must be moved on special carts. In the case of packing bottles in baskets, carrying them by the handles is allowed only after a preliminary check of the strength of the handles and the bottom of the basket. Do not carry bottles on your back, shoulder or in front of you.

2.9.12. Places (posts) for loading, unloading and reloading dangerous goods, as well as parking lots are selected so that they are no closer than 125 meters from residential and industrial buildings, cargo warehouses and no closer than 50 meters from main roads.

2.9.13. In case of ice, the territory of the posts for loading and unloading dangerous goods should be sprinkled with sand.

2.9.14. Cars loaded with combustible or explosive goods are refueled at a public gas station or PA filling station at a specially equipped site located at a distance of at least 25 m from the territory of the gas station, with oil products received at the gas station in metal canisters (clause 12.19 of the "Rules for the technical operation of stationary and mobile filling stations"), approved by the RSFSR Goskomnefteprodukt on April 15, 1981.

2.10. Vehicle traffic

2.10.1. The speed limit for the movement of vehicles when transporting dangerous goods is set by the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, taking into account specific road conditions when agreeing on the route of transportation. If coordination of the route with the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia is not required, then the speed is set in accordance with the Rules of the Road and should ensure traffic safety and safety of the cargo.

If a speed limit is established, a sign indicating the permissible speed must be installed on the vehicle in accordance with the Rules of the Road.

2.10.2. When transporting dangerous goods in a convoy of vehicles, the following requirements must be met:

When driving on a flat road, the distance between adjacent vehicles must be at least 50 m;

In mountainous conditions - during ascents and descents - at least 300 m;

When visibility is less than 300 m (fog, rain, snowfall, etc.), the carriage of certain dangerous goods may be prohibited. This must be stated in the safety conditions for the transport of dangerous goods.

The person responsible for the transportation from among the representatives of the consignor-consignee (senior in the column) must be in the cab of the first car, and in the last car with the load there must be one of the representatives (divisions) of the security allocated by the consignor-consignee, if security is provided for this transportation.

2.10.3. When transporting "especially dangerous goods" parking for rest of drivers in populated areas is prohibited. Parking is allowed in specially designated areas located no closer than 200 meters from residential buildings and crowded places.

When stopping or parking the vehicle, the parking brake must be turned on, and a wheel chock is additionally installed on the slope.

The order of stops and parking (including in the case of an overnight stay) of vehicles carrying dangerous goods is indicated in the conditions of safe transportation.

2.10.4. The driving range of vehicles carrying dangerous goods, without refueling en route, must be at least 500 km. In the case of transportation of dangerous goods over a distance of 500 km or more, the car must be equipped with a spare fuel tank and refueled from a mobile gas station (gas station), the installation of an additional fuel tank must be coordinated with the traffic police department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia at the place of registration of the vehicle, which is noted in the registration document. Refueling is carried out in places designated for parking.

2.10.5. Transportation of "especially dangerous goods" is carried out with an escort vehicle equipped with an orange and yellow flashing beacon. If necessary, such vehicles can be accompanied by a patrol car of the State Traffic Inspectorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The allocation of an escort car is mandatory for the transportation of "especially dangerous goods" carried out by a convoy of vehicles.

Specifically, in each case, the need for allocation and type of escort for the transportation of "especially dangerous goods" are determined by the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia when agreeing on the route.

2.10.6. The escort vehicle must move ahead of the convoy of vehicles with dangerous goods. At the same time, in relation to the vehicle moving behind it, the escort vehicle must move in a ledge on the left side so that its width dimension protrudes beyond the dimension of the escorted vehicles.

2.10.7. The escort vehicle is equipped with a flashing yellow beacon, the inclusion of which is an additional means of information to warn other road users, but does not give the right of priority.

On escort vehicles and vehicles transporting dangerous goods, even in the daytime, dipped beam headlights must be switched on.

2.10.8. The order of movement of escort vehicles and ways of informing other road users about the carriage of dangerous goods are indicated by the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the section "Special traffic conditions" of the route approval form (Appendix 7.12).

2.10.9. When transporting "especially dangerous goods" in a convoy consisting of 5 or more vehicles, it must have a reserve empty vehicle adapted for the transportation of this type of cargo. The reserve vehicle must follow at the end of the convoy.

2.10.10. The procedure for escorting a convoy by patrol cars of the GAI of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia when passing the transportation route through the territory of two or more constituent entities of the Russian Federation is determined by the body of the GAI of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, with which the route of movement has been agreed.

2.11. Joint transportation of dangerous goods of various classes and dangerous goods with general cargo

2.11.1. The joint carriage of different classes of dangerous goods on one vehicle (in one container) is permitted only within the limits of the permissible compatibility rules (given in the table of Annex 7.14).

2.11.2. Joint transportation of dangerous goods with general cargo on one vehicle (in one container) is carried out in accordance with the requirements set out in Appendix 7.14.

2.12. Transportation, cleaning and repair of empty containers

2.12.1. Transportation of empty containers, uncleaned after transportation of dangerous goods, is carried out in the same manner as the transportation of this dangerous goods, in accordance with the requirements of these Rules.

2.12.2. In the consignment note for the transportation of empty containers, a mark is made in red, which dangerous goods were previously in the transported container.

2.12.3. Cleaning of empty containers is carried out by the forces and means of the consignor (consignee) in compliance with safety measures and personal protection.

2.12.4. The transportation of containers after their complete cleaning is carried out on a general basis as non-dangerous goods, while the consignor (consignee) makes a red mark in the consignment note "Container cleared".

2.12.5. Works on repair of tanks and containers used for the transportation of dangerous goods are carried out only after the analysis of the air environment for the content of previously transported substances (cargoes).

2.13. Elimination of the consequences of accidents or incidents

2.13.1. Organizations-consignors (consignees) develop action plans in an emergency with handing it over to the driver (accompanying person) for each shipment, allocate emergency teams for practical work to eliminate the consequences of accidents or incidents and organize appropriate training with them.

2.13.2. The emergency action plan to eliminate the consequences of accidents or incidents establishes the procedure for notification, arrival, actions of the emergency team and other service personnel, a list of the necessary property and tools and the technology for their use in the process of eliminating the consequences of accidents and incidents.

2.13.3. If it is necessary to carry out repair work to eliminate malfunctions of containers with dangerous goods, they are carried out by an emergency team at a site (room) specially designated for this purpose, the location of which is determined in the plan of measures to eliminate the consequences of accidents or incidents*.

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* Troubleshooting containers with dangerous goods on the territory of a transport organization or a cargo station is not allowed.

2.13.4. In the event of a traffic accident, the person responsible for the transportation of dangerous goods directs the actions of the driver and security guards (if any), informs the traffic police department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and, if necessary, calls an emergency team.

2.13.5. The emergency team that arrived at the scene of an accident or incident, during the liquidation of its consequences, must take all the precautions and personal protection listed in the CIO emergency card (Appendix 7.5).

2.13.6. The actions of the emergency team at the scene of an accident or incident include:

Detection and removal of damaged containers or loose (spilled) dangerous goods;

Providing first aid to the injured;

Ensuring, if necessary, the evacuation of drivers and personnel serving this transportation;

Carrying out decontamination, disinfection;

Disposal of overalls and personal protective equipment;

Notifying the consignor and consignee of accidents or incidents that have occurred.

3. RELATIONSHIPS
ORGANIZATIONS WITH CUSTOMERS

3.1. Obligations of the consignor and consignee

3.1.1. The consignor of dangerous goods, if there is an agreement, submits an application for transportation to the transport organization, and in the absence of an agreement, a one-time order for transportation.

3.1.2. When accepting an application by a motor transport organization, the consignor must submit a bill of lading (4 copies) * and an emergency card of the hazard information system (Appendix 7.5), which is filled in according to the manufacturer of hazardous substances.

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* The first copy of the bill of lading remains with the consignor, the second copy is transferred to the consignee, the third copy is handed over to the transport organization.

For "especially dangerous goods", a special instruction developed by the manufacturer is additionally submitted.

3.1.3. When preparing dangerous goods for transportation, the consignor is obliged to: check the integrity and serviceability of the container (packaging), the presence of markings and seals, as well as the compliance of the equipment and technical equipment of the loading and unloading site with the requirements of these Rules.

3.1.4. For each vehicle (column of vehicles), the consignor is obliged to submit a safety data sheet of the substance (material) in accordance with GOST R 50587-93.

3.1.5. When performing loading (unloading) operations by means of the consignor (consignee), it is necessary to comply with the safety instructions approved in the established manner and these Rules.

3.1.6. If it is necessary to transport various classes of dangerous goods together with general-purpose goods, their loading and securing in the car body must be carried out taking into account the requirements of clause 2.7 of these Rules (Appendix 7.14).

3.1.7. After the unloading of dangerous goods is completed, the consignee must clean the car body (container) from the remains of this cargo and, if necessary, degas, decontaminate or disinfect the vehicle (container).

3.2. Responsibilities of transport organizations

3.2.1. Drivers and other employees of motor transport organizations directly involved in the design, preparation and maintenance of the transportation of dangerous goods must comply with the requirements of these Rules.

3.2.2. When transporting dangerous goods, the motor transport organization is obliged to carry out additional equipment and equipping of vehicles in accordance with the requirements of these Rules, as well as organize special training or instruction for service personnel involved in work with dangerous goods, and provide them with personal protective equipment.

Drivers of vehicles, in addition, are provided with information cards of the CIO in accordance with clause 2.8.2 of these Rules.

3.2.3. In the event of an accident or incident during transportation, the primary elimination of their consequences before the arrival of the emergency team and special services is carried out by the driver and the accompanying responsible person in accordance with the requirements of special training or briefing conducted by the consignor (consignee).

4. TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF TRANSPORTATION

General provisions

4.1. Vehicle Requirements

4.1.1. Dangerous goods must be transported only by special and (or) vehicles specially adapted for this purpose, which must be manufactured in accordance with the current regulatory documents (technical assignment, technical conditions for manufacturing, testing and acceptance) for complete special vehicles and technical documentation for the re-equipment (re-equipment) of vehicles used in the national economy. At the same time, the mentioned documents must take into account the following requirements for vehicles for the transport of dangerous goods.

4.1.2. Vehicles systematically used for the transport of explosive and flammable substances must be equipped with a muffler exhaust pipe with its removal to the side in front of the radiator with an inclination. If the location of the engine does not allow for such a conversion, then it is permissible to lead the exhaust pipe to the right side outside the body or tank area and the fuel communication area.

The fuel tank must be removed from the battery or separated from it by an impervious partition, and also removed from the engine, electrical wires and exhaust pipe, and located in such a way that, in the event of a fuel leak from it, it pours directly onto the ground without falling on the cargo being transported. The tank, in addition, must have protection (casing) from the bottom and sides. Fuel must not be fed into the engine by gravity.

4.1.3. In the case of a one-time use of the vehicle for the transport of dangerous goods of classes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, it is allowed to install a spark arresting mesh on the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the muffler.

4.1.4. The electrical equipment of vehicles carrying dangerous goods of classes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 must meet the following requirements:

Rated voltage of electrical equipment must not exceed 24 V;

Wiring must consist of wires protected by a seamless sheath that is not subject to corrosion, and must be calculated in such a way as to completely prevent its heating;

The electrical network must be protected from increased loads by means of fuses (factory-made) or circuit breakers;

The electrical wiring must be well insulated, firmly attached and located in such a way that it cannot suffer from impacts and friction on the structural parts of the vehicle and is protected from the heat generated by the cooling and exhaust system;

If the batteries are not located under the engine hood, they must be in a ventilated compartment made of metal or other material of equivalent strength with insulating inner walls;

The vehicle must have a means to disconnect the battery from the electrical circuit using a two-pole switch (or other means) which must be located as close as possible to the battery. The circuit breaker control drive - direct or remote - must be located both in the driver's cab and outside the vehicle. It must be easily accessible and marked with a distinctive sign. The switch must be such that its contacts can open when the engine is running, without causing dangerous overloads of the electrical circuit;

Do not use lamps with threaded sockets. Inside the bodies of vehicles there should be no external electrical wiring, and electric lighting lamps located inside the body must have a strong protective mesh or grate.

4.1.5. Vehicles used for the transport of dangerous goods must be equipped with a metal grounding chain with a length of 200 mm touching the ground and a metal pin to protect against static and atmospheric electric charges in the parking lot.

4.1.6. For a vehicle with a van body, the body must be completely closed, strong, without gaps and equipped with an appropriate ventilation system, depending on the properties of the dangerous goods carried. Materials that do not cause sparks are used for interior upholstery, wood materials must be impregnated with fire resistance. Doors or doors must be equipped with locks. The design of the door or doors must not reduce the rigidity of the body.

Where tarpaulin is used as a cover for open bodies, it must be made of a flame-retardant and waterproof fabric and cover the sides 200 mm below their level and must be attached with metal rails or chains with a locking device.

4.1.7. The vehicle must have a rear bumper across the entire width of the tank that provides adequate protection against impacts. The distance between the rear wall of the tank and the rear of the bumper must be at least 100 mm (this distance is measured from the rearmost point of the tank wall or from protruding fittings in contact with the substance being transported).

4.1.8. Piping and auxiliaries of tanks installed at the top of the tank must be protected from damage in case of capsizing. Such a protective structure can be made in the form of reinforcing rings, protective caps, transverse or longitudinal elements, the shape of which should provide effective protection.

4.1.9. Vehicles intended for the transport of dangerous goods must have the following serviceable tools and equipment:

A set of hand tools for emergency vehicle repair;

Fire extinguishers, a shovel and the necessary supply of sand to extinguish a fire;

At least one wheel chock for each vehicle, the dimensions of the stop must correspond to the type of vehicle and the diameter of its wheels;

Two self-powered lamps with flashing (or permanent) orange lights must be designed in such a way that their use could not cause ignition of the goods being transported;

In the case of parking at night or in poor visibility, if the vehicle lights are out of order, orange lights must be installed on the road:

One in front of the vehicle at a distance of approximately 10 m;

The other behind the vehicle at a distance of approximately 10 m;

First aid kit and means of neutralization of transported hazardous substances.

In cases provided for in the conditions of safe transportation and in the emergency card, the vehicle is equipped with means for neutralizing the transported hazardous substance and personal protective equipment for the driver and accompanying personnel.

4.1.10. Vehicles must be equipped with license plates and other designations in accordance with the requirements provided for in Section 2.8 of these Rules and the Rules of the Road.

4.1.11. Fastening tables of the hazard information system (Appendix 7.4) on vehicles should be carried out using special devices that ensure their reliable fixation.

Hazard information system tables should be located in front (on the bumper) and behind the car, perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, without covering license plates and external lighting devices, and not protruding beyond the dimensions of the vehicle.

4.1.12. For the transport of dangerous goods, the use of gas generating vehicles is not allowed.

4.1.13. Vehicles carrying dangerous goods must in no case include more than one trailer or semi-trailer.

4.2. Requirements for containers and packaging

4.2.1. Dangerous goods are allowed to be transported in tare and packaging in accordance with GOST 26319-84 and the requirements of these Rules.

4.2.2. The gross weight of each package and the capacity of the primary packaging must not exceed the weight and capacity limits established in the regulations for dangerous goods.

4.2.3. The packaging of dangerous goods must comply with the regulatory documentation for products, for specific types (types) of containers and packaging, as well as the requirements of GOST 26319-84 and ensure the safety of goods during loading, unloading, transportation and storage.

4.2.4. The material from which containers and cushioning materials are made is selected taking into account the specific properties of the cargo being transported and must be inert or have an inert coating in relation to this cargo.

4.2.5. The material of the plastics container must be impermeable to the contents, not soften or become brittle under the influence of temperature or aging.

4.2.6. Corrugated and other cardboard boxes must be sufficiently strong and waterproof (retain mechanical strength when wet). Transportation of dangerous goods in used cardboard boxes is prohibited.

4.2.7. Glass bottles (vessels) should be tightly sealed and placed in strong boxes, drums, crates or packed in baskets with gaps filled with inert cushioning and absorbent materials. The neck of the bottle should not protrude beyond the edge of the crate or basket.

4.2.8. Metal containers requiring hermetic closure must be sealed or equipped with screw caps with gaskets and stoppers, have inscriptions indicating the test pressure and the date of the last test (sampling).

4.2.9. Cylinders for transporting liquids and gases with high vapor pressure must meet the requirements of the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Pressure Vessels.

4.2.10. Vessels for the carriage of liquids should not be completely filled, the filling of vessels with transported liquids should be 90% of their full capacity (for aqueous ammonia and liquefied hydrocarbon gases - 85%).

4.2.11. Containers (packaging) with dangerous goods must be securely fastened in the car body. When transporting dangerous goods in containers, the dimensions of individual packages, the procedure for placing and securing goods inside the container, as well as other issues related to loading and unloading containers, are established in accordance with Section 14 of the Rules for the Carriage of Goods by Road.

4.2.12. In addition to the packaging provided for by these Rules, additional outer packaging may be used, provided that it does not contradict the requirements for packaging. When such additional packaging is used, the prescribed warning labels and handling signs are affixed to it in accordance with GOST 14192-77 "Marking of goods".

4.2.13. It is allowed to pack several dangerous substances together or to pack them together with other goods belonging to different classes containing various dangerous substances (compatibility table for such substances is presented in Annex 7.14). In this case, the inner packagings must be carefully and effectively separated from each other in the collective packaging, as in the event of an accident or breakage of the inner packaging, dangerous reactions such as the evolution of dangerous heat, combustion, the formation of mixtures sensitive to friction or impact, may occur, release of flammable or toxic gases. When using fragile packagings, and especially when these receptacles contain liquids, it is important to avoid the possible formation of hazardous mixtures and all necessary measures should be taken in this regard, such as: using a sufficient amount of suitable cushioning material, placing the receptacles in a second strong packaging, subdividing the collective packaging into several sections.

4.2.14. If solutions of the substances listed in Annex 7.3 are not specifically listed in the class to which the solutes belong, they should nevertheless be considered as substances subject to these Regulations if their concentration is such that they retain the hazard inherent in the substances themselves; in this case, the packagings for these solutions must comply with the requirements applicable to the class of these substances, it being understood that packagings which are not suitable for the carriage of liquids may not be used.

4.2.15. Mixtures of substances subject to these Regulations with other substances should be considered as substances subject to the requirements of these Rules if they continue to present a hazard inherent in the substance subject to the Rules itself.

4.2.16. Each package (package) with dangerous goods must be clearly labeled by the cargo manufacturer, including danger signs in accordance with GOST 19433-88 and ADR (Appendix 7.6), and handling marks in accordance with GOST 14192-77 (Appendix 7.8).

4.2.17. Danger signs are applied:

On packages having the shape of a parallelepiped (including containers and packages), on the side, end and top surfaces;

On barrels - on one of the bottoms and on the shell from two opposite sides;

On bags - in the upper part at the seam on both sides;

On bales and bales - on the end and side surfaces.

On other types of containers, danger signs are applied in the most convenient and visible places.

4.2.18. Manipulation signs are applied after danger signs.

4.2.19. If the cargo has more than one type of danger, then all danger signs indicating the types of these dangers are applied to the packaging. The class number is applied on the sign of the main hazard type.

4.3. Requirements for the means of mechanization of loading and unloading operations

4.3.1. To perform loading and unloading operations with dangerous goods, lifting and transport equipment is used, which must meet the safety requirements when performing these works.

4.3.2. Lifting and transport equipment must be kept in full technical serviceability and meet the requirements of fire safety and the rules of Gosgortekhnadzor with confirmation of the lifting capacity of cranes, winches and other lifting mechanisms with relevant documents, and must also have a reliable fence to protect goods from falling.

4.3.3. Winches for lifting loads and devices for changing the reach of an boom of hoisting machines, as a rule, should be equipped with two brakes, and if there is one brake, the load on the winch should not exceed 75% of its rated capacity.

4.3.4. Electric motors used on hoisting machines permanently employed in work with dangerous goods must be made in an explosion-proof design.

4.3.5. Forklifts and truck cranes working with dangerous goods of classes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 must be equipped in accordance with the requirements of section 4.1 of these Rules (except for paragraphs 4.1.6 and 4.1.9).

5. REQUIREMENTS FOR DRIVERS AND STAFF,
TO THE CARRIER

5.1. Requirements for drivers of vehicles carrying dangerous goods

5.1.1. When transporting dangerous goods, the driver of a vehicle must comply with the Rules of the Road, these Rules and the Instructions for the transportation of certain types of dangerous goods that are not included in the nomenclature given in the Rules.

5.1.2. A driver allocated for the transport of dangerous goods must undergo special training or instruction.

5.1.3. Special training for drivers of vehicles permanently engaged in the transport of dangerous goods includes:

Study of the hazard information system (designations of vehicles and packages);

Studying the properties of transported dangerous goods;

Training in first aid for victims of incidents;

Training on actions in case of an incident (procedure, fire fighting, primary degassing, decontamination and disinfection);

Preparation and transmission of reports (reports) to the relevant officials about the incident.

5.1.4. A driver temporarily employed in the transport of dangerous goods must be instructed on the specifics of transporting a particular type of cargo.

5.1.5. Drivers permanently employed in the transport of dangerous goods are required to undergo a medical examination upon employment and subsequent medical examinations in accordance with the established schedule, but at least once every 3 years (Order of the USSR Ministry of Health dated September 29, 1989 N 555), as well as pre-trip medical control before each flight for the carriage of dangerous goods.

5.1.6. Drivers temporarily employed in the transportation of dangerous goods are required to undergo a medical examination when assigned to this type of transportation and pre-trip medical control before each flight for the transportation of dangerous goods.

5.1.7. The transport documents (Appendix 7.12) must contain a note that the driver assigned to transport dangerous goods has undergone special training or briefing and medical control.

5.1.8. Drivers with a continuous work experience as a driver of a vehicle of this category of at least three years and a certificate of special training in approved programs for drivers transporting dangerous goods are allowed to transport dangerous goods (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 372 of April 23, 1994 ).

5.1.9. The driver transporting dangerous goods must carry the following transport documents:

license card for the vehicle with the mark "Transportation of exhaust gas";

a waybill indicating the route of transportation in accordance with the requirements of Section 2.6 and Appendix 7.11 of these Regulations, with the mark "Dangerous Goods" in red in the upper left corner and indicating in the column "Special Marks" N of dangerous goods according to the UN list;

Certificate of admission of the driver to the transportation of dangerous goods (Appendix 7.12);

Hazard information system emergency card (Appendix 7.5);

Bill of lading;

Addresses and phone numbers of officials of the motor transport organization, the consignor, the consignee responsible for the transportation of duty units of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, located along the route of movement.

5.1.10. When transporting dangerous goods, the driver is prohibited from deviating from the route and parking places established and agreed with the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, as well as exceeding the established speed.

5.1.11. In the event of a forced stop, the driver is obliged to mark the parking place with an emergency stop sign or a flashing red light in accordance with the Rules of the Road and signs prohibiting stopping, provided for by these Rules (clause 4.1.9).

5.1.12. If the car breaks down on the way and it is impossible to eliminate the technical malfunction on the spot by the driver, the driver must call the vehicle for technical support of transportation and report the place of his forced parking to the nearest bodies of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

5.1.13. In the event of an incident, the driver must:

Report the incident to the nearest traffic police authority of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and, if necessary, call an ambulance;

Call the emergency team (section 2.13);

Provide first aid to the injured;

In accordance with the instructions of the emergency card, take measures for the primary elimination of the consequences of the incident;

Upon arrival at the scene of the incident, representatives of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and health inform them about the danger and the measures taken and present transport documents for the transported cargo.

5.1.14. During the movement along the route of transportation, the driver is obliged to periodically monitor the technical condition of the vehicle, and the forwarder - to secure the cargo in the body and the safety of markings and seals.

5.1.15. Drivers of vehicles carrying dangerous goods are prohibited from refueling vehicles at public gas stations. Refueling of these vehicles is carried out in accordance with the requirements of paragraph 2.9.14 of these Rules.

5.1.16. When driving a vehicle with dangerous goods, the driver is prohibited from:

Sharply touch the vehicle from a place;

Overtaking vehicles moving at a speed of more than 30 km/h;

Brake sharply;

Drive with the clutch and engine disengaged;

Smoking in the vehicle while driving (smoking is allowed during stops no closer than 50 m from the parking lot);

Use an open flame (in exceptional cases, for cooking, a fire can be made at a distance of no closer than 200 m from the parking lot);

Leave the vehicle unattended.

5.1.17. It is prohibited on a vehicle carrying dangerous goods to simultaneously transport other cargo not specified in the shipping documentation (clause 5.1.9), as well as unauthorized persons.

5.2. Requirements for personnel serving the transport of dangerous goods

5.2.1. The actions of service personnel must comply with the general requirements of departmental job descriptions and these Rules.

5.2.2. Personnel accompanying a vehicle carrying dangerous goods (forwarder, security, dosimetrist, etc.) must have a certificate certifying their right to escort dangerous goods along this route. The certificate is valid upon presentation of an identity document of the accompanying person.

5.2.3. Service personnel engaged in work related to the storage of dangerous goods must undergo special instruction and training in the actions to eliminate the consequences of incidents.

5.2.4. Operators with at least 3 years of experience on the used handling equipment are allowed to carry out loading and unloading operations with dangerous goods.

5.2.5. The operator is obliged to comply with the general safety regulations when performing loading and unloading operations, as well as these Rules.

5.2.6. An operator admitted to work with dangerous goods must undergo special training in the amount specified in clause 5.1.3 of these Rules, or special instruction on the rules for loading and unloading this type of dangerous goods.

5.2.7. Operators permanently employed in the handling of dangerous goods must undergo a medical examination at least once a year.

5.2.8. Operators temporarily employed in the handling of dangerous goods must undergo a medical examination when assigned to this type of work.

5.2.9. In the event of an incident during the loading or unloading of dangerous goods, the operator must:

Do not allow unauthorized persons to the place of the incident;

Call an emergency team (section 2.13);

Provide first aid to the injured;

In accordance with the requirements listed in the emergency card, take measures to eliminate the consequences of the incident;

Assist in the work of the emergency team.

5.2.10. During work, the operator is obliged to constantly monitor the technical condition of the loading and unloading machine.

5.2.11. When carrying out loading and unloading operations with dangerous goods, the operator is prohibited from smoking.

5.2.12. Service personnel involved in the manual loading and unloading of dangerous goods must undergo special instruction on the rules for handling these types of goods and be guided by the following in the course of work:

Strictly comply with the requirements indicated by the marking and warning labels applied to the packaging of the relevant cargo;

It is forbidden to carry out the throwing of dangerous goods from the shoulders and its dragging;

It is forbidden to smoke in places where loading and unloading operations are carried out;

After completion of loading and unloading operations, disinfect working clothes in accordance with established requirements.

5.2.13. The service personnel of the emergency brigade must:

Pass preliminary training under a special program (clause 5.1.3);

After the completion of each of the work to eliminate the consequences of incidents, in addition to the scheduled ones, undergo additional medical examinations;

6. FEATURES OF ORGANIZATION AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT
TRANSPORTATION OF CERTAIN CLASSES OF DANGEROUS GOODS

6.1. Explosives

6.1.1. The subparagraph has been excluded since August 22, 1999 - order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation dated June 11, 1999 N 37.

6.1.2. The technology and sequence of loading explosives onto vehicles should be carried out in such a way that they can be unloaded at the consignee without additional movement in the vehicle body.

6.1.3. Explosives packed in drums must be transported in the lying position of the drums with their orientation along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

6.1.4. Transportation of explosives is carried out with the obligatory escort of the vehicle by a responsible person (forwarder) allocated by the consignor-consignee, who has the right to guard or work with the specified explosives.

6.1.5. The person responsible for the transportation of explosives (accompanying freight forwarder) must be in the cab of the vehicle carrying explosives, and when moving in a convoy - in the first vehicle.

6.1.6. When transporting ammonium nitrate explosives (TNT and its alloys with other nitro compounds, with the exception of explosives containing liquid nitroesters, genogen and heating elements) in centralized containers, the requirements of GOST 19747-74 "Transportation of explosive materials in containers. General requirements" must be observed.

6.1.7. Carriage of explosives on trailers, general purpose buses and cars with passengers is prohibited.

6.1.8. Transportation of explosives containing liquid nitrate esters at an ambient temperature below their freezing point with a duration of transportation of more than 1 hour must be carried out on vehicles with insulated bodies.

6.1.9. When transporting boxes with gunpowder or shells, they must be placed at a distance of 0.5 m from each other and firmly fixed.

6.1.10. It is forbidden to drive a vehicle with explosives at a distance closer than 300 m from the fires and closer than 80 m from the "torches" of oil and gas fields.

6.1.11. A vehicle with dangerous goods caught in a thunderstorm must be stopped at a distance of at least 200 m from residential buildings or forests and at least 50 m from other standing vehicles.

In these cases, the service personnel, except for the guards, must be removed from the vehicle at a distance of at least 200 m.

6.1.12. Transportation of vehicles with explosives on ferries through water barriers should be carried out in the absence of other vehicles and people on the ferry.

6.2. Gases compressed, liquefied and dissolved under pressure

6.2.1. Transportation of compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases under pressure is carried out in accordance with the requirements of these Rules, the Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Pressure Vessels approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor on November 27, 1987, the Temporary Rules for the Transportation of Liquefied Natural Gas by Road, the Rules safety in the gas sector "approved by the USSR Gosgortekhnadzor on June 26, 1979, as well as the Technical Specifications for Combustible Natural Liquefied Gas. Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines" (TU-51-03-03.85).

6.2.2. Transportation of cylinders with compressed and liquefied gases is allowed if the cylinders and their fittings, plugs are in full working order, as well as if the cylinders have:

Clear inscriptions of a certain color (Appendix 7.9);

Safety cap;

6.2.3. Cylinders are filled with gases to the established rate, which is noted in the consignment note "Cylinders are filled not higher than the established rate", and the entry "Cylinders are checked for tightness, there are no gas leaks" is also made.

6.2.4. On board vehicles, cylinders with compressed and liquefied gas are transported:

In a horizontal position on special wooden linings with nests cut out according to the size of the diameters of the cylinders, valves inside the body;

In a vertical position - with rings installed on the cylinders, made of rubber or rope with a diameter of at least 25 mm to protect against impacts.

6.2.5. When transporting gas cylinders in the summer, they must be covered with a tarpaulin in order to protect them from heating by sunlight, in addition, two carbon dioxide or powder fire extinguishers must be installed on board vehicles, and a red flag in the front corner of the left side.

6.2.6. Tank trucks used for the carriage of compressed, liquefied and dissolved gases under pressure must have, in addition to the inscriptions provided for in paragraph 2.8.5 of these Rules, the following stamps and inscriptions:

Name of the manufacturer;

Tank number;

Year of manufacture and date of inspection;

Total weight in tons;

Capacity in m;

The value of the working and test pressure in kg / cm, the mark of the quality control department of the manufacturer;

Registration number.

6.2.7. Tanker vehicles must be equipped with the following equipment:

Valve for filling and release (drain) of transported gases;

Valve for selection of vapors of transported gases;

A valve for equalizing pressure and releasing (discharging) vapors on the top of the tank;

Two safety valves;

pressure gauge;

Liquid level control devices;

Devices that automatically protect the tanker from emergency gas consumption through unloading and loading communications.

6.2.8. When carrying out gas discharge (if necessary), the following requirements should be followed:

In the gas discharge area, unauthorized persons are prohibited from being closer than 50 m;

Gas discharge of toxic substances is allowed in places specially designated for this purpose and in compliance with personal safety measures for personnel;

During gas discharge, the vehicle engine must be turned off, the vehicle and gas discharge communications must be reliably grounded;

The relief pressure must not exceed by more than 10% the working pressure of the tank;

The pressure in the tank must decrease at a rate of not more than 0.1 kg / cm per minute;

Discharge of gas must be carried out downwind away from the vehicle, settlements and buildings.

6.3. Flammable liquids

6.3.1. Flammable liquids are liquids whose vapor pressure at +50°C is not more than 300 kPa (3 bar) and the flash point is not more than 100°C.

6.3.2. Flammable peroxide liquids (ethers and some heterocyclic oxygen substances) are allowed for carriage if their peroxide content does not exceed 0.3%.

6.3.3. Pharmaceutical, Muscovite, perfumery goods and other mixtures containing combustible substances are classified as dangerous goods if the flash point of these mixtures is below 100°C.

6.4. Flammable substances

6.4.1. Substances that, in contact with water, emit flammable gases must be transported in sealed containers on a vehicle with a closed body.

The consignment note for the carriage of a flammable substance must be marked "Lights up from water".

6.4.2. Flammable substances, depending on the type, are packed:

Sodium metal and other alkali metals are packed in hermetically sealed iron cans filled with low-viscosity mineral oil or kerosene, weighing up to 10 kg, and in iron barrels weighing up to 100 kg;

White and yellow phosphorus is transported in water in sealed metal cans, which are packed in wooden boxes;

Red phosphorus is packed hermetically in metal cans of type 1 or 3 - GOST 5044-79 "Thin-walled steel drums for chemical products. Specifications" (CMEA Standard 3697-82). The weight of cans is not more than 16 kg. The tightness of the cans is achieved by the use of gasket materials. Outside, the cans are coated with an anti-corrosion coating.

Banks for transportation are packed in wooden boxes or plywood drums. The total weight of one package is allowed no more than 95 kg;

Film strip, X-ray film and other similar goods are transported in metal boxes packed in metal boxes, the total weight of the package is up to 50 kg;

Calcium carbide and other similar goods are packed in iron drums. The weight of the package must not exceed 100 kg;

Ammonium nicrate, nicric acid, urea nitrate, trinitrobenzene, trinitrobenzoic acid or trinitrotoluene, wet with a water content of at least 10% or zircorium picromate, wet with a water content of at least 20%, are transported in glass containers. The weight of the cargo in one package should not exceed 1 kg. For transportation, glass containers are packed in wooden boxes.

6.4.3. Sulfur and naphthalene in the molten state can be transported in tank trucks.

6.4.4. Tanks used for the carriage of molten sulfur or naphthalene must be made of sheet steel with a thickness of at least 6 mm or aluminum alloys having the same mechanical strength and have:

Thermal insulation to maintain the temperature inside the tank at the walls of at least 70°C;

Valve that opens inward or outward under a pressure of 0.2 to 0.3 kg/cm. Valves on a tank car used for transporting molten sulfur or naphthalene need not be provided if the tank car is designed for a working pressure of 2 kg/cm.

6.5. Oxidizing agents and organic peroxides

6.5.1. Oxidizing agents and organic peroxides may be transported in standard original packaging.

6.5.2. When loading, unloading and transporting oxidizing substances and organic peroxides, in order to avoid spontaneous combustion, fire or explosion, it is necessary to avoid clogging or mixing with sawdust, straw, coal, peat, flour dust and other organic substances.

6.5.3. When loading, unloading and transporting easily decomposing peroxides, the following temperature conditions must be ensured:

Technical pure peroxides of dioctanoyl and dicapryl - not higher than +10°С;

Acetyl-cyclohexanesulfonyl peroxide - -10°C;

Diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate - +20°С;

Perpivalt of tert-butyl - -10°C;

With phlegmatizer - +2°С;

With solvent - -5°C;

Peroxide 3.5; 5 - trimethylgensanoyl in solution with moderator (20%) - 0°C;

Technically pure bis-decanoine peroxide - +20°С;

Technically pure diperlargonyl peroxide - 0°С;

Technically pure butyl per-2-ethylgensanoate - +20°С;

Bis-ethyl-2-gensil peroxydicarbonate with moderator or solvent (55%) - 10°C;

Perisonitrate tertiary butyl with solvent (25%) - +10°C.

6.5.4. Insulated vans used for the transport of organic peroxides must meet the following requirements:

Ensure the temperature regime in accordance with paragraph 6.5.3, regardless of the ambient temperature;

protect the driver's cab from the penetration of vapors of transported peroxides into it;

Provide control over the temperature state of the transported goods from the driver's cab;

Have adequate ventilation that does not cause a violation of the specified temperature regime;

The coolants used must be non-flammable.

Do not use liquid oxygen or air for cooling. When using refrigerated vehicles (trailers) for the transportation of organic peroxides, their refrigeration unit must operate regardless of the operation of the vehicle engine.

6.5.5. When transporting easily decomposing peroxides over short distances, it is allowed to use special protective packages with refrigerants, which ensure the maintenance of the required temperature regime during the entire time spent on transportation and loading and unloading operations.

6.5.6. Before loading oxidizing substances and organic peroxides, the bodies of vehicles must be thoroughly cleaned of dust and residues of goods previously transported in them.

6.6. Poisonous and infectious substances

6.6.1. Toxic substances are accepted for transportation by road transport in their original packaging.

6.6.2. Transportation of especially dangerous toxic and infectious substances is carried out with armed guards. The presence of unarmed guards is allowed only for intracity transportation.

6.6.3. Transportation of hydrocyanic acid in the summer (April-October) is carried out in compliance with measures to protect packages from exposure to sunlight. When covering packages with a tarpaulin, it must be located at a height of at least 20 cm above the cargo being transported.

6.6.4. Loading and unloading operations with toxic substances are carried out with the provision of reliable protection, which excludes access to the point of loading (unloading) of unauthorized persons.

6.6.5. Transportation of infectious substances listed in Appendix 7.1 is subject to the following requirements:

The presence of ventilation of closed bodies;

Pre-treatment of the vehicle body with disinfectant solutions and deodorants that destroy unpleasant odors.

In winter, it is allowed to transport infectious substances in open bodies.

6.7. radioactive substances

6.7.1. Transportation of radioactive substances is carried out in accordance with the requirements of these Rules and the Rules OPBZ-83 (OPBZ-94) and PBTRV-73 (PBTRV-94), and in the case of international transportation - the IAEA Rules.

6.7.2. The nomenclature of radioactive substances is established by the Safety Rules for the Transportation of Radioactive Materials [PBTRV-73 (PBTRV-94)].

6.8. Caustic and corrosive substances

6.8.1. When transporting lead slag containing sulfuric acid, the inside of the vehicle body must be covered with a layer of cardboard impregnated with paraffin or tar, and when transporting the specified cargo under a tarpaulin, its direct contact with the cargo is not allowed.

6.8.2. Vehicles intended for the carriage of caustic and corrosive substances must be cleaned of combustible residues (straw, hay, paper, etc.).

6.8.3. In the production of loading and unloading operations with acids, the following means are used to protect the operating personnel:

Anti-acid apron;

Cloth suit;

Latex gloves;

Glasses or mask.

It is forbidden to work with acids in clothes made of cotton fabric without its acid-resistant impregnation.

6.8.4. In the production of loading and unloading operations with alkalis, the same protective equipment is used as when working with acid, and a suit with acid-resistant impregnation.

6.9. Substances with relatively low transport hazard

6.9.1. Substances with a relatively low hazard during transportation include:

Combustible substances and materials (ethers, petroleum products, colloidal sulfur, ammonium dinitroorthocresolate, cake, fishmeal, resins, wood shavings, cotton);

Substances that become caustic and corrosive under certain conditions (oxidizing agents, quicklime, sodium and potassium sulfides, ammonium salts);

Slightly toxic substances (pesticides, isocyanites, dyes, technical oils, copper compounds, ammonium carbonate, poisonous seeds and fruits, anode mass);

Aerosols.

6.9.2. Substances listed in paragraph 6.9.1 are transported in accordance with the general requirements of these Regulations without the use of a hazard information system.

The rules for the transport of dangerous goods by road are binding on all people, whether they work in large industrial companies or run their business as individual entrepreneurs. The rules equally apply to transportation by transport of the Republic of Kazakhstan both on state roads and on privately owned roads, both in urban areas and streets, and on rural land. Dangerous goods are a threat no matter which car they carry, so the rules apply to all cars.

The transport of dangerous goods is strictly regulated by law

There are exceptions to any rules: they do not apply to vehicles transporting hazardous substances through the territory of their producers and consumers, as well as to vehicles belonging to the military and internal affairs bodies. However, knowledge of the rules for moving substances that are ready to explode or catch fire at the slightest violation of the rules will be useful even for those who fall under the exceptions.

What is dangerous goods

Dangerous goods are all goods, whether they are substances, gases or solids, that pose a potential hazard to people, their property and the environment during transport. The list of substances is grouped into hazard classes, of which there are nine. Safety requirements include marking cargo with special identification marks, thanks to which motorists can find out from afar how dangerous substances the car is carrying.

explosive materials

The first hazard class includes materials and substances that can catch fire or explode, as well as various devices that cause explosions. Examples of such materials are TNT and nitroglycerin. The class has six subclasses: the most dangerous for people and the environment, subclasses from 1.1 to 1.3. Substances assigned to subclasses 1.4 to 1.6 are less likely to explode "out of the blue", but still dangerous - the handling of explosive materials should not be violated during a trip, no matter which subclass the product belongs to. All first class materials require special care in handling: an explosion or fire can provoke sparks, temperature rise or careless transportation.

1. Substances of this subclass are capable of exploding in mass.
2. Materials are dangerous, scattering, but do not explode in mass.
3. The products are flammable, may explode and have a projection hazard. You can not be afraid of a mass explosion;
4. Substances pose a small explosion hazard, most often the effects of it appear only inside the package.
5. Subclass materials can mass explode, but due to low sensitivity, the risk of such an outcome is extremely low.
6. Products are insensitive and do not explode in mass, one of the most "safe" for the transportation of first class cargo.

Cargo hazard class 1.4-1.6 does not explode for no reason

gases

The second class of dangerous goods groups gases - in other words, substances that are gaseous in their normal state. The class includes gases compressed, liquefied or stored under pressure, as well as pure or mixed with other gases. By road, the Republic of Kazakhstan transports gases with various effects from suffocating to poisonous, from flammable to caustic. Depending on additional properties, gaseous cargo is classified into one of nine groups.

Flammable substances

Under this name, various liquids and their mixtures are understood to have the property of igniting from the slightest spark. This includes gasoline. The liquid is assigned to one of the groups, depending on what kind of danger it poses. Some cargoes are poisonous or may become gaseous or have corrosive effects.

Flammable solids

Their peculiarity is that they light up easily - a spark, friction, moisture ingress or an increase in temperature are enough. Flammable solids include matches, white phosphorus, zinc. It is important to observe the requirements when handling each of the three subgroups of the class:

1. Flammable materials, self-reactive substances or articles soaked in liquid. The solids are usually in powder or granule form, or in paste form. In addition to flammability, an additional hazard comes from combustion products. Particularly dangerous are ignited metal powders, since they are more difficult to extinguish - ordinary measures like water here do not give the desired effect, but only aggravate the situation.
2. The second subclass of flammable solids includes pyrophoric substances and solutions that ignite on contact with air in a matter of minutes. Pyrophoric substances ignite more easily than other materials of the fourth class of goods, and therefore the safety requirements in relation to them must be observed especially clearly. To subclass 4.2. substances are classified as self-heating. Unlike pyrophoric materials that ignite even in small fractions, self-heating products ignite only in large volumes and not in minutes, but in hours or days. Substances heat up on contact with oxygen.
3. This subclass includes substances that produce flammable gases when they come into contact with liquids. The resulting mixtures explode on contact with sparks, generating an explosive wave and a fire.

The second class of hazard of goods ignites on contact with air

Oxidizing agents

Products support combustion due to the fact that they produce oxygen. Together with other substances or materials and under certain conditions may explode.

1. Substances of subclass 5.1, due to their ability to release oxygen, can support a very long burning of goods and this is precisely why they are dangerous.
2. A subclass is formed by peroxides, which decompose when the temperature rises, due to friction or as a result of contact with acids. Decomposition causes the release of flammable gases, with some types of peroxides decomposing explosively. The instruction on the rules for handling peroxides tells you to protect your eyes, since the ingress of substances on the organs of vision harms them, and these substances corrode the skin. Peroxides were grouped into seven levels depending on the level of danger to others.

Toxic substances

Toxic or infectious substances, divided into four hazard classes according to the degree of risk. The fourth group is pathogens causing severe diseases. These pathogens are easily transmitted from one living being, person or animal, to another, quickly infecting the population. There are no effective treatments for such diseases. Pathogens of the third group also cause severe diseases, but these ailments are not usually considered contagious and effective methods of treatment have been developed against them.

The second group includes pathogens that are the least dangerous to humans. The diseases caused by them are relatively easy to treat, there are preventive measures against ailments.

The class of toxic materials is divided into two subclasses, the safety requirements for the movement of goods of both groups are very high:

1. Toxic. Depending on the threat, people are divided into three groups: highly toxic, medium and weak.
2. Infectious - substances containing pathogens-microorganisms that cause diseases in living beings.

Poisonous substances can be toxic or infectious

radioactive substances

Dangerous radioactive radiation, and the class is divided into categories according to danger. The safety requirements for the movement of radioactive substances are especially stringent due to the health damage that radiation can cause.

Corrosive substances

The eighth class also includes corrosive materials. Corrosive substances affect the skin and mucous membranes, causing damage to goods if the packaging has been damaged. Some substances in this class turn into corrosive vapors due to water or air humidity.

Other substances

The last, ninth class of goods includes all other dangerous liquids that are not included in the previous classes. Moving all these products, substances or materials is dangerous, you should clearly follow the procedure for working with them, as stated in the attached instructions.

Dangerous goods that do not fall under the classification are also provided with hazard icons and all necessary equipment.

Organization of transportation

They transport goods in accordance with the rules of the Russian Federation. It is also important to comply with safety requirements that help to avoid traumatic situations. You will first have to obtain a special permit for transportation:

• Substances from the first to the sixth hazard class.
• For materials in tanks and other removable containers with a capacity of more than a thousand liters.
• For international shipments.

The consignor receives permission to move goods from the internal affairs bodies, before issuing a permit, the Ministry of Internal Affairs checks the condition of the vehicle.

The procedure for submitting documents for obtaining permission to transport by road of the Republic of Kazakhstan:

• Statement from the consignor indicating the name of the goods being transported and its quantity; list of persons accompanying and transporting hazardous materials; transport route must be marked.
• The route of transportation developed by the organization providing transport to the Republic of Kazakhstan, and agreed with all the necessary authorities and the consignor. At the top of the form leave a record of permission to transport the goods;
• Document on the admission of the driver of vehicles of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the vehicle itself to the transportation of dangerous goods.

Permission to transport cargo is given for several similar events or for a batch of substances transported along the same route for 6 months, but no more. The right to transport nuclear products is issued by Gosatomnadzor.

Permission to transport especially dangerous goods is given only if it is accompanied by a specially trained person who knows how to handle it and can put this knowledge into practice. Accompanying specialists and security must be provided by the customer. If both functions fall on the driver of motor transport of the Republic of Kazakhstan, then the consignor explains the procedure for handling the cargo and the safety requirements necessary to comply with it.

The person in charge of the cargo has the following responsibilities:

• Supervises the loading and unloading of goods to and from the transport of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Accompanies the goods throughout the entire transportation until the end of the journey.
• Supervises that the safety requirements for handling it are observed and protects it. Ensure that the packaging is in proper condition and not damaged.

A CIO emergency card is required to obtain a permit for the transport of dangerous goods

Establishing a route

The route of transportation is chosen and worked out by the carrier. The route of transport carrying dangerous goods is coordinated with the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, especially if the route passes through roads with a difficult traffic situation, with poor visibility or through mountainous areas. And also when dangerous substances are transported by a convoy of three or more trucks. Safety requirements insist that the route does not run through or near:

• Recreation areas and nature reserves, as well as various attractions.
• Does not pass through the territory of industrial facilities.
• Inside large cities, and in the event that nevertheless travel through a large settlement is inevitable, the path ran far from schools, hospitals and cultural centers.
• The route must be laid out in such a way that there are parking lots for trucks and rest places for their drivers, as well as gas stations along the way.

The itinerary plan must be submitted to the Ministry of Internal Affairs 10 days before the start of the transportation event. Employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs need to provide documents with the route of transportation, printed in three copies, a certificate of admission of the vehicle for transportation. And also if it is planned to move especially dangerous goods, together with the documents listed above, you need an instruction for transportation, which is transferred to the carriers by their customers and permission to transport this cargo.

If a situation arises in which the route has to be changed, this change must also be agreed with the Ministry of Internal Affairs - the department where the original travel option was approved. An approved copy of the route is kept by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the carrier's organization and the driver or accompanying person.

Vehicles of the Republic of Kazakhstan must move in accordance with the norms established by the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the basis of the chosen route and traffic rules. The chosen travel speed must be such that the containers with explosives are not endangered. When moving a column of cars pk, they must move so that the distance between transports is 50 meters. When transporting especially dangerous substances, cars are accompanied by traffic police cars for protection.

The movement of vehicles with hazardous substances in the area of ​​nature reserves and recreational areas is highly undesirable

Signs and other safety measures

Before accepting goods, carriers receive a safety data sheet for the substance being transported. If it was not handed over by the customer, the deal fell through, the goods are not loaded onto trucks and they are not taken anywhere. According to the same standards, dangerous goods are marked with signs warning of a threat. Vehicles are also decorated with warning tables, and the tables must be of a certain format and with a reflective surface. The procedure for labeling cargo depends on its hazard class:

• Explosives. Orange color sign with a symbolic pattern of an explosion.
• flammable gases. A red rhombus, against which black or white flames are depicted. Non-toxic and non-flammable, gases - on a green background, a cylinder pattern.
• Flammable materials of division 4.1 - a sign painted in red and white stripes with a stylized image of a flame. Subclass 4.2. - a sign divided into two parts: red at the bottom, painted white at the top. A flame is drawn on the white half. Subclass 4.3 - blue background and fire pattern.
• oxidizing agents. A yellow rhombus, on which a circle is drawn, enveloped in flames;
• Subclass 6.1 - toxic substances, marked with a white sign with a "pirate" pattern of a skull and crossbones; infectious substances from subclass 6.2 also warn about themselves with a white sign, but with the image of crossed months on it.
• radioactive substances. The appearance of the diamond depends on the category, but there must be a drawing in the form of a black trefoil, and the word “Radioactive” is written in large letters in the lower half of the sign.
• Corrosive substances - their identification mark is made in the form of a diamond, the lower part of which is painted black, and on the upper, white half, test tubes are drawn, inclined to a hand or a metal ingot.
• Other substances from the ninth class are distinguished by a sign, the upper half of which is painted over with vertical black stripes, and the lower part is left white.

The new transport regulations (since 2012) state that the transport of dangerous goods by road is possible only in accordance with an international agreement (DOLOG). According to one of the clauses of this agreement, vehicles carrying dangerous goods must be marked with an information table. The orange table should be 40×30 in size, with a reflective surface. The hazard number and UN numbers must be inscribed on the plate. The quality of the plates should be such that the numbers drawn on them can withstand fire and water. Sometimes carriers purchase stickers or tables made of cheap materials - this is unacceptable.

In the event of an emergency situation, drivers must know how and in what sequence to act in order to eliminate the consequences. Also, drivers should take all the measures for their own protection, set out in the emergency card. The main tasks in the event of emergency situations: first aid to those in trouble, if necessary, evacuation of people, finding a damaged container and removing it and the spilled substance, notifying the shipper about what is happening.

Marking mark for corrosive substances

Loading and unloading

The shipper's representative supervises loading operations. The weight of goods loaded onto the machine must not exceed the load capacity. Loading and unloading operations are carried out by people working for the consignor, but if it was agreed in advance, these activities are taken over by the RK transport driver.

During loading and unloading activities, strict adherence to established standards should reign. Safety requirements prohibit during these works pushing or hitting containers with substances, as well as pressure on them or sparking. During work, the car engine is turned off in advance, and the driver himself leaves the vehicle and goes to a safe distance. Unauthorized persons are also prohibited from being present during the process of unloading or loading goods. Sometimes machines used in loading operations require the engine to be running.

To avoid catastrophes, loading or unloading of explosive goods is not carried out during a thunderstorm. And also the whole event is held at the posts, and it is possible to work with only one machine at a time. Posts should be equipped at a distance of at least 125 meters from cargo and industrial buildings or residential buildings. All these rules are designed to prevent dangerous situations: damage to cargo and injury among workers and passers-by.

Delivery of dangerous goods is not only a well-paid job, but also a job that poses a threat to the health and life of people, the natural environment.

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In order for the transported cargo not to become a source of harm to others, it is necessary to observe safety measures during the transportation and storage of such cargo.

Class 3 substances

The cargo of the third hazard class is flammable liquids (flammable liquids). The property of flammable liquids is flash ignition and rapid free burning. They contain suspensions or solids (in solution) that emit flammable vapours.

Assignment to a certain class of elements depends on the extent to which this substance is dangerous. Characteristics of harmful and hazardous substances are indicated in.

These fluids include, for example:

• ethanol;
• acetone;
• diethyl ether;
• cyclohexane;
• benzene;
• gasoline and others.

Flammable liquids are toxic, capable of being oxidized in air with the formation of explosives.

The third hazard class has three subclasses:

• the first includes mixtures that ignite from a flash at a temperature of less than -18 ° C (in a closed crucible);
• to the second - flammable from a flash within the temperature range from -18 ° C to 23 ° C (in a closed crucible);
• to the third - mixtures that ignite from a flash at a temperature of at least 23 ° C, but not more than 61 ° C (in a closed crucible).

Below is a detailed classification of dangerous goods:

When storing these substances, the following risks must be avoided:

1. Substances of the first subclass should be stored in sealed containers so that the vapors do not leak into the atmosphere, where they can ignite and start a fire (acetone, gasoline, hexane).
2. The property of substances of the second subclass is that their vapors in combination with air ignite at room temperature (benzene, ethyl alcohol, toluene).
3. Substances of the third subclass ignite only near the source of fire (white spirit, turpentine, xylene).

Transport

Transportation of hazardous liquids is carried out by road, rail, river, sea transport, as well as aircraft.

Marking marks

Cargoes belonging to the 3rd class of danger during transportation are marked with special markings.

It is a rhombus:

• on a red background in the upper corner is an image of a flame (black or white);
• number 3 in the lower corner (black or white);
• along the perimeter of the rhombus, a border in the form of a straight continuous line (black or white).

Rules for the carriage of goods of hazard class 3

Due to the danger of flammable liquids, their carriage must meet certain conditions. First of all, transportation must be carried out on special or specially adapted vehicles that meet certain conditions.

For road transport

Dangerous liquids must not be transported together with substances that transform into explosive mixtures with gases such as:

• hydrogen (liquefied and compressed);
• sulfuric;
• nitrogen;
• organic acids;
• organic peroxides.

Railway

Transportation of flammable liquids is also allowed by rail. At the same time, you must follow.

The means of transport for the transportation of hazardous mixtures are tank cars, covered wagons, containers. They have to:

• be durable and prevent liquid leakage;
• ensure the complete safety and security of cargo in transit.

Transportation by rail is possible only under the following conditions:

1. Wagons and containers are equipped with means of fastening containers with dangerous goods for their fixed position during transportation.
2. Cargoes that emit flammable, caustic (corrosive) vapors or gases, cargoes that, when dried, become explosive, having oxidizing properties, must be in sealed containers. If dangerous liquids are in glass or polyethylene containers, then this container should be well sealed and placed in wooden boxes.
3. Empty containers (1%) should be placed in containers so that there is a place to pour dangerous goods from damaged containers on the way.
4. Danger labels must be present on the packages.
5. The floor in the car must be covered with sand, the layer of sand is 100 mm.

By plane

The delivery of hazardous liquids by aircraft is regulated by the Federal Aviation Regulations.

Transportation by air is subject to the following conditions:

1. Delivery of flammable liquids is strictly prohibited on passenger aircraft.
2. Hazardous liquids are delivered on both domestic and international flights.
3. It is prohibited to transport groupage cargo on the same aircraft, consisting of hazardous substances with incompatible properties.
4. The characteristics and properties of flammable liquid containers are the same as for transportation by other modes of transport. This also applies to the markings on the packages indicating the degree of danger of the goods.
5. It is unacceptable to exceed the maximum net mass or volume per package specified in the Dangerous Goods List.
6. As a rule, transportation of dangerous liquids by aircraft is carried out by direct flights. Overloading at intermediate airfields only with the permission of these air hubs.
7. Dangerous goods must be loaded on board in such a way that during the flight there is free access to them for observation and taking urgent measures in case of emergency.
8. Personnel must be trained and instructed to know what to do in an emergency and be provided with protective equipment.

Water

If it is necessary to deliver flammable liquids to remote places or to other parts of the world, then transportation is carried out by water (sea) transport, sea and river vessels.

This happens according to the following guidelines:

1. Flammable liquids are transported by water in metal containers, which, in turn, are placed in wooden boxes. Such containers are not completely filled, part of the volume remains free.
2. Containers with dangerous goods must be secured and fixed for the entire period of transportation.
3. Vessels carrying hazardous liquids should be soft-moored (for safety reasons).
4. Underfilling of liquid is the main feature of the delivery of such cargo by water. Under the influence of heat, liquids can expand in volume and underfilling contributes to the fact that there will be no leakage.
5. Otherwise, the rules for the delivery of flammable liquids by water transport do not differ from the rules for delivery by road or rail.

Required documents

Transportation of liquids of hazard class 3 is carried out in the presence of certain documents.

When delivered by road transport, the following documents must be issued:

• safety data sheet (MSDS);
• instructions;
• ADR certificate on the admission of a car to the delivery of dangerous goods;
• ADR certificate for the driver;
• informative sign of cargo danger;
• special permission of the Ministry of Internal Affairs;

When delivering cargo by rail, the following documents must be issued:

• consignment note (in accordance with the requirements of SMGS, rules for the carriage of dangerous goods, general rules for the carriage of goods by rail);
• quality certificates for packaging (tare).

When transporting dangerous goods by air, the following is issued:

• consignment note indicating all the data on the transported cargo;
• quality certificates for packaging.

When transporting by river and sea vessels, the following are issued:

• cargo description;
• waybill for sea cargo;
• dock receipt for the delivery of cargo;
• cargo plan (manifesto);
• danger signs;
• quality certificates for packaging.

According to international statistics, the share of dangerous goods (DG) moving on public roads is half of the total cargo turnover.

Proper organization of transportation of this nature is the key to safe road traffic..

Shippers and recipients of dangerous goods, as a rule, are enterprises operating in the chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and mining industries.

Their activities should not interfere with ordinary motorists to move freely on public roads, and even more so threaten their life and health. That is why special rules and requirements have been developed for vehicles carrying exhaust gases.

The hazardous category includes substances, materials and products that, during transportation, can cause harm to humans and animals, the environment, and provoke a dangerous situation.

That is why the transportation of such cargo is regulated by a single European document - the Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR).

In Europe, this set of rules is abbreviated as ADR. This document consists of 3 parts: the agreement itself and 2 annexes.

The ADR Agreement has been approved and signed by many countries. The goal in this case is clear and logical - to maximize the level of safety during the transportation of dangerous goods.

In addition, the unified ADR format makes it easier for enterprises to process documentation for such transportation.

Appendix No. 1 contains the classification of dangerous goods, which includes a list of substances, products, materials that may pose risks to others.

• 1 class;
• 2 - subclass;
• 3 - hazard category;
• 4 - the degree of danger.

Dangerous goods are classified as follows:

In the Russian Federation, for the transportation of the above goods, in addition to the international agreement, there are a number of other regulatory documents: permits, permits, licenses.

In order for the transportation of hazardous substances and materials to be as safe as possible, the driver must exercise extreme caution, as well as comply with all the requirements contained in the "Rules for the transport of dangerous goods by road", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 12.04.2011 No.

This regulatory document must be strictly observed by both drivers and organizations involved in transportation.

These rules were developed as part of the implementation of the international agreement ADR, to which the Russian Federation is also a party. Many Russian companies transport dangerous goods outside their homeland.

In order for vehicles with dangerous goods to be able to freely cross the border of the European Union, they must comply with the requirements specified in the agreement, and their drivers must have a certificate of special training.

Video: Transportation of dangerous goods in accordance with the requirements of ADR / POGAT - explanations and comments from experts

Required Documents

Requirements for all participants in dangerous transportations imply that the driver has such documents as:

• license for the admission of transportation of goods belonging to the category of dangerous;
• document on passing technical inspection;
• permission from the Ministry of Transport or the Department of Internal Affairs (in the case of transportation of especially dangerous goods);
• route sheet;
• a document confirming the passage of special training by the driver.

Transportation of dangerous goods is possible only in special vehicles.

Vehicle requirements:

• the muffler pipe must be moved forward, in front of the radiator;
• the gas tank is separated from the battery, body, electrics and engine by an impenetrable partition;
• electrical wiring is insulated with a special material;
• the car must have a grounding in the form of a special circuit;
• a shockproof bumper is installed at the rear.

In addition to the specified equipment, the car is equipped with special identification marks adopted in the international agreement of all countries participating in ADR.

The vehicle must be equipped with:

• special inscriptions;
• a certain color;
• a flashing beacon (flashing light) of orange color;
• information plates SIO front and rear.

What is indicated on the tables of the information system? An emergency code (KEM) is fixed here, consisting of a certain set of letters and numbers. Each symbol indicates a specific action that must be performed to eliminate the consequences of a possible emergency.

The emergency code should be:

• on the container of the cargo;
• on the container
• in the information plate on the car body;
• in emergency and information cards.

The decoding of the KEM is contained in the information and emergency cards that the driver or forwarder of the vehicle has.

All signs on the vehicle must be clearly visible from a distance. Information plates have standard sizes and must comply with all requirements.

Violations associated with incorrect installation of tables may lead to restriction or suspension of the carrier's license.

In addition, the car must be equipped and equipped with means to eliminate the consequences of possible emergencies.

Itinerary

Strict requirements are put forward for the route of movement of the exhaust gas. In some situations, the carrier will require mandatory approval from the traffic police. But there are also general requirements for the route, which should not be violated in any case.

So, on the route of a car with exhaust gas should not meet:

• large settlements;
• recreation areas;
• industrial facilities;
• protected natural areas;
• educational institutions;
• healthcare facilities;
• areas intended for holding cultural events.

They depend on the specifics of the cargo. So, for example, chemicals must be contained in containers made of a material that does not react and does not break down when interacting with it.

The category of such materials includes glass, plastic, metal, cardboard.

But the transportation instructions contain several requirements that apply to any packaging:

• compliance with GOST;
• tightness;
• strength and moisture resistance;
• impermeability;
• reliable fastening;
• marking corresponding to GOST and ADR rules.

Requirements for the driver

Becoming a driver of an exhaust vehicle is not easy. For this you need:

• have at least 3 years driving experience in similar vehicles;
• pass a medical examination before each flight;
• have a document confirming the passage of mandatory briefing or special training (ADR certificate).

The training of drivers involved in the transport of exhaust gases includes the development of a special program prescribed for the training of drivers planning to engage in such a business.

To this end, the driver takes special courses that are conducted in accordance with the requirements of ADR.

Here, future drivers are instructed about the risks associated with the transport of exhaust gas; introduce the basic information needed to minimize risks and take action in the event of a critical situation.

How to get permission to transport dangerous goods?

In order to obtain a license for the transportation of exhaust gas, the carrier submits an application to the bodies of the State Road Supervision Authority, in which it fixes:

• the nature of the cargo;
• itinerary;
• responsible for transportation.

The following documents must be attached to the application:

• emergency card;
• approved route of transportation;
• certificates of admission of the vehicle and the driver to the transportation of such goods.

Failure to comply with the rules for the transportation of goods classified as dangerous threatens the carrier and the driver with punishment in the form of:

• payment of a fine;
• confiscation of property (including a vehicle);
• loss of a driver's license;
• withdrawal of a license and admission to the management of the vehicle.

In addition to administrative measures, criminal penalties are also applied. This is possible with illegal deliveries of dangerous goods. The driver will also be prosecuted if he drives a car while intoxicated.

Please note: If the driver does not have permits when transporting exhaust gas, then penalties await not only him, but also the carrier company, as well as the official who is responsible for sending the goods.

The amount of fines for the carriage of goods marked "dangerous!" without permission:

• for a driver without an ADR certificate - from 2000 to 2500 rubles;
• for a transport organization engaged in transportation - from 400,000 to 500,000 rubles;
• for the person responsible for sending and delivering the cargo - from 15,000 to 20,000 rubles.

Transportation of dangerous goods is a very serious event, both for the driver and for the carrier company. Persons engaged in such activities must understand the full responsibility that they take on.

Endangering others is unacceptable! This should become the main slogan for all participants in the transportation. And that set of requirements and rules, which is given above in the article, must be studied and implemented by them without fail.

Dangerous goods are substances and objects that, due to their inherent properties, pose a threat to human life and health, the state of the environment, the safety of buildings, structures, equipment and other material objects. These include: fuels, acids, pesticides, paints, aerosols, fire extinguishers, solvents, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, lithium batteries, etc.

In total, the UN list of hazardous substances includes about 3,500 items.

In principle, the fact that they carry a threat does not mean that this threat will necessarily come true: only if certain factors coincide, the transportation, as well as the loading / unloading of such substances, can lead to an explosion, fire, death of people and animals, radioactive or infection, toxic damage, environmental pollution, damage to technical devices, vehicles, buildings, structures, etc.

It is in order that these factors do not coincide and, therefore, that possible harm be avoided, the transportation of dangerous goods is carried out according to strict rules in compliance with all necessary measures and conditions.

Previously, the delivery of such goods within the Russian Federation was regulated by the Rules for the Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Road (PRGAT). However, since the beginning of 2017, these rules have been abolished and the legislative framework has become European Agreement Concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR), which Russia joined back in 1994 and which until then was "responsible" only for international communication.

What was it for? In order, firstly, to reduce the redundancy of legislative acts, and secondly, to improve the quality of transportation of dangerous goods: ADR, in contrast to DPOGAT, is systematically updated and adjusted, and the existence of only one regulatory document does not allow contradictions and confusion.

What do you need to know in order to carry out high-quality and safe transportation of dangerous goods?

The conditions and rules for the transportation of dangerous goods depend primarily on its name and what class it belongs to.

So, each hazardous substance or group of substances is assigned a special UN number (UN-identifier). These numbers, by the way, are assigned to substances by the experts of the United Nations Committee on the Transport of Dangerous Goods after all the necessary tests have been carried out to determine the main and additional danger of the goods.

By UN number in table "List of dangerous goods"(Appendix A to ADR) you can find out all the information related to the transportation of a particular substance / product: methods of marking and packaging, the procedure for placing danger signs on vehicles and containers, the choice of vehicle, provisions for transportation and handling operations, the degree and the type of hazard presented (…) and, not least, the class of the substance.

In accordance with ADR, 13 classes of dangerous goods are distinguished:

• class 1: explosives and products;
• class 2: gases;
• class 3: flammable liquids;
• class 4.1: flammable solids, self-reactive substances, solid desensitized explosives;
• class 4.2: substances capable of spontaneous combustion;
• class 4.3: Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases;
• class 5.1: oxidizing agents;
• class 5.2: organic peroxides;
• class 6.1: toxic substances;
• class 6.2: infectious substances;
• class 7: radioactive materials;
• class 8: corrosive substances;
• class 9: other hazardous substances and articles.

Class 1. Explosive substances and articles

• explosives: solid or liquid substances (or mixtures of substances) that are capable of chemical reaction with the evolution of gases at such a temperature, such pressure and at such a rate that it causes damage to surrounding objects;
• pyrotechnic substances: substances or mixtures of substances intended to produce an effect in the form of heat, light, sound, gas or smoke, or a combination thereof, as a result of self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions occurring without detonation;
• explosive products: articles containing one or more explosive or pyrotechnic substances;
• other substances and products not mentioned above, which are produced for the production of blasting or creating a pyrotechnic effect.

Substances of this class have six subclasses (1.1-1.6), the transportation of which is accompanied by the following danger signs - designations that must be placed on packaging, containers, tanks and vehicles carrying out transportation.

For subclasses 1.1-1.3

For subclass 1.4

For subclass 1.5

For subclass 1.6

The class of explosives and products includes: cartridges for weapons, blank cartridges, gunpowder, detonators, explosive charges, primers, fuses, mines, bombs, grenades, nitroglycerin, ammonium nitrate, distress signals, firecrackers, sparklers, etc.

To ensure the safety of the transportation of goods of the 1st class, special substances are added - phlegmatizers: wax, paper, water, polymers, alcohol, oils ... They make the explosive insensitive or less sensitive to heat, shock, shock, shock and friction and reduce the likelihood of an explosion.

At the same time, ammunition with poisonous substances (UN Nos. 0020 and 0021), as well as explosives that are excessively sensitive, are not allowed for carriage.

Class 2. Gases

Covers pure gases, mixtures of gases, mixtures of one or more gases with one or more other substances, and articles containing such substances.

Cargoes of this class are divided into:

• compressed gas: when loaded for transport under pressure, at -50°C it is completely gaseous;
• liquefied gas: loaded under pressure, becomes partially liquid at -50°C;
• refrigerated liquefied gas: loaded under pressure, due to its low temperature it is partially liquid;
• dissolved gas: loaded under pressure, dissolved in liquid solvent;
• aerosol dispensers and small containers containing gas (gas cartridges);
• other products containing pressurized gas;
• non-pressurized gases subject to special requirements (gas samples);
• pressure chemicals: liquids, pastes or powders under the pressure of a propellant that meets the definition of a compressed or liquefied gas, and mixtures of these substances;
• adsorbed gas: when loaded for transport, adsorbed on a solid porous material, resulting in an internal pressure in the vessel of less than 101.3 kPa at 20°C or less than 300 kPa at 50°C.

This includes: compressed air, butane, chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, petroleum gas, lighters, lighter refills, fire extinguishers, etc.

Gases are transported under the following hazard labels:

2.1. flammable gases

2.2. non-flammable non-toxic gases

2.3. toxic gases

However, it should be taken into account that it is impossible to transport:

• refrigerated liquid hydrogen chloride (UN No. 2186);
• nitrogen trioxide (UN No. 2421);
• methyl nitrite (UN No. 2455).

Class 3 Flammable liquids

These include:

• flammable liquids;
• substances which at a temperature of 50°C have a pressure of not more than 300 kPa (3 bar) and at a temperature of 20°C are not completely gaseous;
• substances that have a flash point not higher than 60°C;
• liquid substances and solid substances in the molten state with a flash point above 60°C, which are offered for transport or transported in a hot state at a temperature equal to or greater than their flash point;
• liquid desensitized explosives.

These are: acetone, benzene, camphor oil, carbon disulfide, adhesives, alcohol, liquid aromatic extracts, diesel fuel, gasoline, kerosene, paint, oil, rubber solution, medical tinctures, etc.

Flammable liquids are transported under the following danger signs:

• substances easily oxidized with the formation of peroxides, if the content of peroxide in them in terms of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exceeds 0.3%;
• chemically unstable substances, unless the necessary precautions have been taken to prevent the possibility of a dangerous decomposition or polymerization reaction.

Class 4.1. Flammable solids, self-reactive substances, solid desensitized explosives

Includes:

• flammable solids and articles: powdery, granular and pasty substances that can easily catch fire on short-term contact with an ignition source (for example, a burning match), and also form toxic combustion products;
• self-reactive solids or liquids: thermally unstable substances capable of undergoing violent exothermic decomposition even without the participation of oxygen (air);
• solid desensitized explosives: substances that are wetted with water or alcohols or diluted with other substances to suppress their explosive properties;
• substances like self-reactive substances;
• polymerizable substances: Substances which, if not stabilized under normal conditions of transport, are capable of undergoing a violent exothermic reaction leading to the formation of larger molecules or the formation of polymers.

For example: aluminum powder, film and photographic film based on nitrocellulose, crude or refined naphthalene, sulfur, etc.

For the carriage of substances in this class, the following indication is used danger Sign

To ensure the safety of transportation of self-reactive substances, they are desensitized (reduced sensitivity) using special diluents, and in relation to polymerizing substances, the temperature regime is strictly monitored.

In this case, you cannot transport:

• self-reactive substances type A;
• phosphorus sulfides not free from white and yellow phosphorus;
• solid sensitized explosives not listed on the dangerous goods list;
• inorganic flammable substances in the molten state (exception - molten sulfur, UN No. 2448);
• as well as substances for the transportation of which the necessary security measures have not been taken.

Class 4.2. Substances capable of spontaneous combustion

This class includes:

• pyrophoric substances: substances, including mixtures and solutions (liquid or solid), which, even in small quantities, ignite on contact with air within five minutes;
• self-heating substances and products: substances and articles, including mixtures and solutions, which, in contact with air without external energy supply, are capable of self-heating. They ignite only in large quantities (kilograms) and only after long periods of time (hours or days).

These are: charcoal, activated charcoal, wet cotton, fishmeal, paper treated with unsaturated oils, bagasse, spent iron oxide, etc.

In general, self-heating of a substance is a process in which heat is released as a result of a gradual reaction with oxygen (air). If the rate of heat production exceeds the rate of heat loss, the temperature of the substance rises, which can lead to ignition and combustion.

For the transport of goods of this class, the following danger label is applied

However, the following are not allowed for carriage:

• tert-butyl hypochlorite (UN No. 3255);
• oxidizing self-heating solids of UN No. 3127 (if they do not meet the requirements).

Class 4.3. Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases

Covers all substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases capable of forming explosive mixtures with air, as well as articles containing such substances.

In particular: alkali metal amides, aluminum carbide, uncoated aluminum powder, barium, calcium, cesium, lithium, magnesium powder, sodium, zinc dust, etc.

The transport of these substances must be carried out under the following danger signs:

However, substances of UN No. 3133 (Water-reactive oxidizing solids) will not be accepted for carriage unless they meet specified special requirements.

Class 5.1. Oxidizing agents

Substances that are not necessarily combustible in themselves, but can (usually by giving off oxygen) cause or support the combustion of other materials.

For example: a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid, an aqueous solution of inorganic chlorates, an aqueous solution of inorganic nitrates, a chemical oxygen generator, an emulsion of ammonium nitrate, etc.

A danger sign is used for their transportation.

However, you cannot transport:

• unstabilized hydrogen peroxide or unstabilized aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution if they contain more than 60% hydrogen peroxide;
• UN 3100 (oxidizing solid, self-heating), UN 3121 (oxidizing solid, water-reactive), UN 3137 (oxidizing, solid, flammable);
• tetranitromethane containing combustible impurities;
• solutions of perchloric acid containing by mass more than 72% acid, or mixtures of perchloric acid with any liquid other than water;
• a solution of chloric acid containing more than 10% acid, or mixtures of chloric acid with any liquid other than water;
• halogenated fluorine compounds, except: bromine pentafluoride (UN 1745), bromine trifluoride (UN 1746), iodine pentafluoride (UN 2495), chlorine trifluoride (UN 1749), chlorine pentafluoride (UN 2548, Class 2);
• ammonium chlorate and its aqueous solutions, as well as mixtures of chlorate with an ammonium salt;
• ammonium chlorite and its aqueous solutions, as well as mixtures of chlorite with an ammonium salt;
• mixtures of hypochlorite with ammonium salt;
• ammonium bromate and its aqueous solutions, as well as mixtures of bromate with an ammonium salt;
• ammonium permanganate and its aqueous solutions, as well as mixtures of permanganate with an ammonium salt;
• ammonium nitrate containing more than 0.2% combustible substances (including any organic substance calculated as carbon), unless it is a component of a class 1 substance or article;
• ammonium nitrite and its aqueous solutions, as well as mixtures of inorganic nitrite with an ammonium salt;
• mixtures of potassium nitrate, sodium nitrite and ammonium salt.

In addition, all substances in this class are not accepted for carriage unless the necessary measures have been taken to prevent their dangerous decomposition or polymerization during carriage. To do this, in particular, it must be ensured that vessels and tanks do not contain substances capable of activating hazardous reactions.

Class 5.2. organic peroxides

Covers organic peroxides and organic peroxide formulations whose hazard is that they are prone to exothermic decomposition at normal or elevated temperatures. Decomposition may be initiated by heat, contact with impurities (acids, heavy metal compounds, amines), friction or shock and lead to the formation of harmful or flammable gases or vapours. At the same time, many organic peroxides burn intensely, and some, even with a short contact, lead to serious injury to the cornea of ​​​​the eyes or corrode the skin.

Danger signs indicating the transport of organic peroxides

To ensure the safety of transport, they are desensitized by the addition of liquid or solid organic substances, solid inorganic substances or water. Desensitization is carried out in such a way that, in the event of leakage of organic peroxide, its concentration does not reach a dangerous level. Certain organic peroxides may only be transported under temperature controlled conditions.

However, type A organic peroxides are not allowed for transportation.

Class 6.1. Toxic Substances

These are substances that are known from experience or can be suspected from the results of experiments on animals that they can (in a single or short exposure and in relatively small quantities) cause harm to human health or cause death if they inhalation, absorption through the skin or ingestion.

Toxic substances include: arsenic, liquid toxic dye, liquid mercury compound, nicotine, nitrobenzene, solid phenol, liquid tear substances, gas tear candles, liquid toxic drugs, chloroform, soluble lead compound, etc.

The hazard sign warning of the transport of a toxic substance looks like this:

However, the following are not allowed for transportation:

• anhydrous hydrogen cyanide or hydrogen cyanide in solution, unless it conforms to the descriptions of UN Nos. 1051, 1613, 1614 and 3294;
• metal carbonyls with a flash point below 23°C, with the exception of nickel carbonyl (UN No. 1259) and iron pentacarbonyl (UN No. 1994);
• 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD) at concentrations considered highly toxic;
• symmetrical dichloromethyl ether (UN No. 2249);
• preparations of phosphides without additives that inhibit the release of toxic flammable gases;
• and chemically unstable substances, unless the necessary precautions have been taken to prevent the possibility of a dangerous decomposition or polymerization reaction under normal conditions of carriage.

Class 6.2. infectious substances

Are divided into:

• infectious substances dangerous to humans;
• infectious substances dangerous only for animals;
• clinical waste;
• biological preparations.

Transported under danger sign

Live animals should not be used to transport an infectious substance unless the substance cannot be transported by other means or if such transport is approved by the competent authority.

Class 7. Radioactive materials

This class includes any material containing radionuclides in which the concentration of activity, as well as the total activity of the cargo, exceeds 0.002 microns per gram.

Radioactive materials, depending on the degree of danger, are transported under the following signs

For the safety of transportation, it is necessary, firstly, to comply with the restrictions on the amount of a substance allowed for transportation, and secondly, to use special insulating containers. Such packaging should prevent the penetration of a radioactive substance in a dangerous amount into the environment and reduce the intensity of ionizing radiation.

Class 8: Corrosive substances

These are substances which, by virtue of their chemical properties, attack epithelial tissue (skin or mucous membrane) on contact or which, if leaked or spilled, may cause damage or destruction to other goods or vehicles. In addition, the class "corrosive substances" includes substances that form a corrosive liquid only in the presence of water or corrosive vapors or suspensions - in the presence of natural air humidity.

For example: caustic alkaline liquid, bromine or bromine solution, fire extinguisher charging liquid, formic acid, phosphoric acid solution, sulfuric acid, bromoacetic acid solution, non-explosive smoke bombs, nitric acid, industrial mercury, etc.

Danger label for the transport of corrosive substances

Not allowed for transportation:

• a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids (UN No. 1798);
• chemically unstable mixtures of spent sulfuric acid;
• chemically unstable nitrating acid mixtures or non-denitrated mixtures of residual sulfuric and nitric acids;
• an aqueous solution of perchloric acid containing more than 72% pure acid by mass, or mixtures of perchloric acid with any liquid other than water.

Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles

Covers those substances and articles which, during transport, present a hazard not listed in the description of the previous classes. They are divided into:

• substances whose fine dust, if inhaled, may pose a health hazard;
• substances and articles which, in case of fire
• can release dioxins;
• substances that emit flammable vapors; lithium batteries;
• rescue equipment;
• substances hazardous to the environment: liquid and solid environmental pollutants, genetically modified organisms and microorganisms;
• liquid and solid substances at elevated temperatures;
• other substances and articles presenting a danger during transportation, but not meeting the definitions of other classes.

These products include: solid carbon dioxide (dry ice), castor flour, flammable gas vehicle, battery powered vehicle, first aid kit, internal combustion engine, lithium-ion batteries, etc.

They are transported under the sign of danger

Not allowed for transportation:

• uncleaned empty containers for appliances (such as transformers, condensers or hydraulic appliances) containing substances assigned to UN Nos. 2315, 3151, 3152 or 3432;
• lithium batteries that do not meet the necessary safety requirements.

Table A "List of dangerous goods"

As already noted, this table contains about 3,500 names of unsafe substances, groups of substances and products that can harm people, animals, the environment, material objects, etc. Each of them has its own special transportation conditions and the necessary measures that must if not completely neutralize the threat, but at least minimize it as much as possible.

The measures and conditions relate to packaging and labeling, cargo compatibility, choice of vehicle, handling procedures, etc. Using the table is not difficult: you just need to know which UN code the substance or article corresponds to.

For example, you can define the conditions for transporting lighters (UN No. 1057).

This cargo belongs to the 2nd hazard class (“Gases”) and has a classification code 6F, which means: a flammable product containing a gas under pressure. For its transportation, the danger sign 2.1 “Flammable gases” (picture 6 or 7) is used.

Column 6 (“Special Provisions”) shows that for transportation:

• lighters must be equipped with protection against accidental release of contents;
• the liquid phase must not exceed 85% of the capacity of the vessel at 15°C;
• vessels, including closures, must withstand an internal pressure twice that of LPG at 55°C;
• valve mechanisms and igniters must be securely sealed, insulated with tape or otherwise secured, or so constructed as to prevent their operation or leakage of contents during carriage;
• lighters must contain no more than 10 g of liquefied petroleum gas;
• used lighters, collected separately, need not be protected against accidental discharge during transport, provided that measures are taken to prevent a dangerous increase in pressure and the creation of a dangerous atmosphere;
• leaking or severely deformed lighters should be transported in emergency packaging, etc.

In addition, when transporting lighters, rigid outer packagings (cases) must be used which are designed, constructed and placed in such a way as to exclude the possibility of movement, accidental ignition of the device or accidental leakage of flammable gas.

However, lighters may be packed in an outer packaging together with other Class 2 goods, other classes (if joint packaging is permitted) and goods not subject to ADR, provided that they cannot react dangerously with each other.

Lighters belong to the 2nd transport category, which means that with a maximum total number of products of 333 kg (gross weight), their transportation is exempt from some ADR requirements (more on this below).

Restriction code D indicates that a vehicle carrying lighters is not allowed to pass through tunnels of categories D and E.

And for loading and unloading, the code CV9 applies: lighters must not be thrown or subjected to impacts, they must be stowed in such a way that they cannot tip over or fall. In addition, it is prohibited to use fuel-burning heaters at loading points and to enter the cargo compartment of closed vehicles carrying cargo with portable lighting devices.

And so - for each dangerous goods planned for transportation.

General requirements for the transport of dangerous goods

However, together with some special conditions specified for individual substances and products, general requirements apply when transporting dangerous goods.

First of all, the transportation of dangerous goods is possible if the vehicle is approved for their transportation, and the driver has undergone special ADR training.

At the same time, it should be borne in mind that a driver with a continuous, at least three-year experience in driving vehicles of the corresponding category, can undergo training and obtain an ADR certificate.

ADR training, in turn, implies different levels:

• basic (mandatory) course, after which it is possible to transport dangerous goods in packages (except for explosive and radioactive substances);
• a specialized course on the transport of dangerous goods in tanks;
• specialized course on transportation of substances and products of the 1st class;
• a specialized course on the transport of radioactive materials (7th grade).

As for the admission of the vehicle, a special certificate (it is issued by the traffic police) is required only for vehicles classified by ADR as EX / II, EX / III, FL, OX, AT and MEMU (roughly speaking, those that carry explosives or substances in tanks), for the rest such approval is a diagnostic card confirming the fact of passing a technical inspection (trucks intended for the transport of dangerous goods must pass it every six months).

However, in the case of transportation of high-risk goods, in addition to the approval of the vehicle and the driver's ADR certificate, a special permit is also required. This rule applies to both international and domestic communications.

The list of dangerous goods can be found in Table 1.10.3.1.2 of ADR.

Rostransnadzor is responsible for issuing a special permit if the route of the vehicle must pass along federal highways or through the territory of two or more regions.

If on the roads of regional or intermunicipal significance, then permission should be applied to the regional executive authority. If on local roads - to the local government. If on a private road - to the owner of this road. Etc.

By the way, earlier it was necessary to coordinate the route of transportation of high-risk cargo with the traffic police, now the same body that is responsible for issuing permits is responsible for coordinating the route.

Having received the application, he either refuses to transport, or sends to the local executive authorities, through whose territory the transportation should be carried out, an application for approval of the route.

In the case of a positive response and no violations, a special permit is issued. Its maximum validity period is one year, and it can cover either one or several identical shipments of dangerous goods. The permit must contain the following information:

• the name of the authority that issued the permit;
• class, UN number, name and description of the dangerous goods;
• established transportation route and traffic conditions on it;
• name and location of the consignor and consignee;
• information about the carrier: for a legal entity - name, organizational and legal form, legal address; for an individual - last name, first name, patronymic, place of residence, details of an identity document;
• type, model, brand of the vehicle, state registration plate of the car, trailer or semi-trailer;
• special permit number;
• date of issue and validity of the permit.

To obtain a permit, along with the application (which describes the cargo, the route of its transportation, etc. information) it is necessary to present:

• a copy of the vehicle registration certificate;
• a document confirming the right to own the vehicle legally (if it is not the property of the carrier);
• a copy of the certificate of approval of the vehicle for the carriage of dangerous goods;
• a copy of the certificate of training for the driver of a vehicle carrying dangerous goods;
• documents confirming the authority of the representative (if the application is submitted not by the carrier himself, but by his representative).

Requirements for the marking of containers and the designation of vehicles

First of all, as noted, the vehicle must be approved for the transport of dangerous goods. He receives such a certificate after a technical inspection designed to check the condition of the vehicle (trailer, container, tank, etc.) and its compliance with safety requirements. The permit is valid only for a year, after the expiration of the period it is necessary to undergo an inspection again.

What is important, vehicles carrying dangerous goods, in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation No. 285 dated July 31, 2012, must be equipped with GLONASS or GLONASS / GPS satellite navigation systems.

During transportation, the vehicle must certainly be marked: so that it can immediately be understood that it is carrying dangerous goods, and determine what kind of cargo it is carrying and what kind of danger this cargo represents. For this, special orange plates are used, made of resistant and durable material that can withstand adverse atmospheric conditions, not burn out in a fire, being in it for at least 15 minutes, and keep the inscriptions placed on it.

Why such requirements? If, for example, an accident occurs with the vehicle during the journey (and the accompanying documents are lost), the rescuers who arrive will still be able to recognize the danger and take all necessary measures to neutralize it. After all, the cargo identification number (or UN number) is applied in the lower half of the plates, and the hazard code in the upper half. The hazard code, by the way, consists of two or three digits: the first indicates the main danger, the second (or second and third) - additional.

Number "2": release of gas as a result of pressure or chemical reaction.
Number "3": flammability of liquids (vapours) and gases or self-heating liquid.
Number "4": flammability of solids or a self-heating solid.
Number "5": oxidizing effect (burning intensification effect).
Number "6": toxicity or risk of infection.
Number "7": radioactivity.
Number "8": corrosivity.
Number "9": danger of spontaneous violent reaction.

If the figure is doubled, this indicates that the danger posed by the cargo is very high. If the code is preceded by the letter X, then the substance being transported is capable of reacting dangerously with water.

However, the exact designation of the danger is given for each UN number in the table "List of dangerous goods" and is deciphered in the 5th chapter of ADR.

In addition to plates, the vehicle must be equipped with a diamond-shaped information board with the symbol/number of the class or subclass of the cargo. However, it is not required if the danger sign placed on transported containers, tank containers and portable containers is clearly visible and distinguishable.

The outer packaging in which the cargo is packed also requires a special designation; it must be marked legibly and permanently:

• an information plate indicating the UN number, and for the 1st, 2nd and 7th classes - the shipping name of the substance / product;
• corresponding to the class or subclass hazard symbol;
• additional marking for substances hazardous to the environment;

• for combination packagings with inner packagings containing liquid, for single packagings with vents and for cryogenic receptacles intended for the carriage of refrigerated liquefied gases, arrows indicating the position of the goods and how to properly place them.

What documents should be accompanied by domestic transportation of dangerous goods?

First, the transport document- a bill of lading or waybill, where it is necessary to indicate the following information:

• UN identification code (UN number);
• shipping name, supplemented if necessary by the technical name;
• number of the hazard label, which is given in the 5th column of the table "List of dangerous goods" (if several hazard numbers are indicated, then the ones following the first must be taken in brackets; if a model hazard label is not prescribed, write the number of the class to which the substance belongs / product);
• packing group (you can simply use Roman numerals, or you can put the letter “GU” in front of the Roman numerals), if it is not indicated, you do not need to put down anything;
• the number and description of packages, additionally you can name the UN shipping container code;
• the total quantity of each dangerous goods bearing a separate UN number, the proper shipping name and, if assigned, the packing group;
• if so, the tunnel restriction code.

For example: UN 1223, kerosene, 3, III (drums, 10 pieces, 2,000 kg), (D/E).

In addition, additional information may be indicated in the transport document: in accordance with which point the ADR is transported, the value of the control and emergency temperatures, the name or symbol of each radionuclide, etc. The need for additional entries depends on the class and name of the transported cargo and the requirements that presented to him (they are all listed in the text of ADR).

Secondly, the transportation of dangerous goods must be accompanied by written instructions: they are drawn up in case of an emergency and describe all the necessary measures that the driver must take if an accident occurs, etc. In addition to listing these measures, the instructions also provide general reminders on the dangers of each class of dangerous goods and how to protect yourself in each individual case. It also contains a list of personal and general protective equipment in the car.

Thirdly, a permit for the transport of dangerous goods (with an agreed route), a certificate of approval of the vehicle for the carriage of dangerous goods and an ADR certificate on the appropriate training of the driver carrying dangerous goods.

Depending on the type of cargo, you may also need a substance passport (or safety data sheet for chemical products) and certificates - fire, radiation control, etc.

And, of course, the mandatory package of documents includes: a technical passport, a technical coupon and a driver's license. In addition, the cargo itself may also be accompanied by an invoice.

By the way, if the transportation of dangerous goods is mixed and it includes movement by sea, then you will also need a container/vehicle loading certificate. The fact is that rolling along the waves affects the cargo so much that, being initially insufficiently secured and improperly placed, it risks being damaged and harming people, the ship, and the environment ... Therefore, all loading operations must be performed in strict accordance with existing rules and requirements established by the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code. It is this fact (correct loading and fastening) that confirms this certificate.

However, accurate loading and unloading operations and strict acceptance of cargo for shipment are important regardless of the type of transport used by the cargo.

"Pre-loading" operations

First of all, you need to make sure that the car that arrived for loading is approved for the transport of dangerous goods (and of this particular class and name), has no damage and meets all the necessary requirements. You also need to make sure that the driver can work with dangerous goods (ADR certificate) and has all the required transportation documents.

All this is the responsibility of the shipper. However, the driver must also be vigilant when accepting the cargo: check the quality of the packaging (does it have any damage, are there any signs of corrosion, contamination, etc.?), the presence of markings and danger signs on it, the correctness of filling out the documents and the compliance of the information, contained in them, with the one indicated on the container.

Naturally, the goods must be packed and prepared for transportation in compliance with all the rules. In this case, one should take into account the packing group assigned to a particular substance / product, depending on the degree of hazard presented. There are three packing groups:

packing group I: very dangerous goods;
packing group II: dangerous goods simply;
packing group III: slightly dangerous goods.

Loading and transportation of dangerous goods

Loading of dangerous goods is carried out in accordance with all the necessary requirements for each class and name of the substance / product and described in detail in the text of ADR.

At the same time, regardless of the type of dangerous goods, packages with it should in no case be thrown or subjected to blows, they must be properly secured, and if it is a question of transporting cargo in tanks, then when filling them, the so-called. "underfill" to prevent leakage and deformation of the container as a result of liquid expansion.

The engine of the vehicle during loading and unloading operations must be turned off (except when it is used to start pumps and other mechanisms by which loading / unloading is carried out).

Never smoke or eat near dangerous goods. It is also forbidden to use fuel heaters during loading.

If you plan to carry several different goods in one car, then before loading them, you need to make sure that their joint transportation is allowed. To do this, there is a special "Compatibility table for loading dangerous goods of different classes" (7.5.2.1), and for goods of the 1st class - "Compatibility table for loading dangerous goods of the 1st hazard class belonging to different groups compatibility» (7.5.2.2).

During transportation, the driver is prohibited from:

• deviate from the established route: all changes in the route must be additionally agreed;
• exceed the speed;
• start off sharply and brake sharply: maneuvers should be smooth;
• smoking in a vehicle or at a distance of less than 50 meters from the parking place;
• overtake vehicles moving at a speed of more than 50 km/h;
• transport unauthorized persons: only the one who accompanies the cargo, or the second driver, can be in the cabin;
• tow a vehicle;
• leave the car unless absolutely necessary, leave it in an unguarded parking lot.

When stopping or parking the vehicle, the driver must use the parking brake, and in case of a slope, use at least two wheel chocks.

In addition, vehicles carrying Class 1, 2, 3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 7 dangerous goods cannot refuel at public gas stations. Refueling of the car must be carried out at a distance of at least 25 meters from the territory of the gas station.

The route itself should not pass through recreation areas, nature reserves and other protected areas, large settlements, near medical, educational, entertainment institutions and large industrial facilities. If, nevertheless, it is impossible to drive through a large settlement, then the movement of the vehicle is allowed, but with one condition: the path should not run near medical, educational, preschool, as well as cultural, educational and entertainment institutions.

However, all the nuances of the route were previously established and agreed upon by Rostransnadzor, the main thing, as already noted, is not to deviate from the prescribed.

An escort may also be assigned for the transport of dangerous goods. Typically, such a decision is made if high-risk goods are delivered (Table 1.10.3.1.2 "List of high-risk goods" ADR) or dangerous goods are transported by a convoy of vehicles consisting of five or more vehicles.

The decision - to appoint an escort or not - in each case is taken by Rostransnadzor when agreeing on the route and issuing permission to travel on roads. However, when a convoy of vehicles (five or more) moves, escort is always carried out.

In the event of an accident, the driver must follow the requirements set out in the written instructions issued to him by the shipper. These instructions list all the measures that must be taken in a particular case, describe the actions of the driver and crew, as well as whether he should try to eliminate the threat on his own, before the arrival of the rescue services.

However, one way or another, the driver must:

• apply the brake system, turn off the engine, disconnect the battery and operate the main switch, if any;
• inform the emergency services, providing them with as much detail as possible about the incident and the dangerous goods being transported;
• put on a safety vest and put warning signs on the road;
• get transport and accompanying documents from the car in order to save them and transfer them to emergency services;
• keep strangers away from the accident site, if the danger is great, move as far as possible yourself.

If a car breaks down on the way and the driver cannot fix the problem on his own within two hours, he must call the transportation support vehicle and report his forced stop to the nearest territorial internal affairs body.

When the shipment has been delivered, the consignee must:

• check the integrity of the package, the compliance of the amount of dangerous goods with the declared one, check the data indicated on the container with the information contained in the accompanying documents;
• after unloading, clean the car body, container, tank from the remains of the cargo and disinfect them;
• after unloading, cleaning and decontamination, remove markings and signs indicating the danger of the cargo from containers / tanks.

Do ADR rules always apply?

No not always. There are a number of exceptions where the carriage of dangerous goods is not subject to the requirements of ADR or is subject to only some of them.

The provisions of ADR do not apply at all.:

• if dangerous goods are transported by individuals for their personal consumption or retail sale (provided that all necessary measures have been taken to prevent leakage of the dangerous substance);
• when transporting machines or mechanisms containing dangerous goods in their internal or operational equipment;
• if the transportation of dangerous goods is carried out by rescue services for the purpose of using them in emergency rescue operations;
• for urgent transportation during emergencies carried out in order to save people or protect the environment;
• for the carriage of gases contained in the fuel tanks or cylinders of the vehicle and intended to provide traction for the operation of any equipment (for example, refrigeration) used during the carriage;
• for the carriage of gases contained in the equipment used for the operation of the vehicle (for example, in fire extinguishers), including spare parts (inflated tires);
• for the carriage of gases contained in food products, including carbonated drinks;
• for the transportation of gases contained in swords intended for sports;
• for the carriage of fuel contained in the fuel tanks of the vehicle and intended to provide propulsion or to operate any equipment of the vehicle used during carriage.

In addition, the procedure for transportation, requirements for packaging, documentation, etc., the application of all the provisions of ADR or only part of them depends on the quantities in which the dangerous goods are transported.

Limited quantities

When dangerous goods are delivered in limited quantities, their transportation does not require obtaining a permit to travel on roads, coordinating the route, drawing up written instructions, special designation of vehicles, appropriate driver training (obtaining an ADR certificate) and allowing the vehicle to transport dangerous goods. The only thing is that it is necessary to have a special mark "Limited Quantities".

Of the documents accompanying the cargo, in addition to the waybill/waybill, only the container/vehicle loading certificate is mandatory. In addition, it is necessary to comply with general safety measures when loading and unloading and driving a car.

To find out how much of the transported cargo is considered limited, you need to check column 7a of the table "List of dangerous goods": there for each substance, article, group of substances the limit value for the inner packaging is indicated. In this case, it should be taken into account: the maximum gross mass of a combined packaging should not exceed 30 kg.

If the number “0” is in column 7a, the concessions do not apply to the transportation of this cargo: regardless of the quantity, its transportation must comply with all the requirements of ADR.

For example: aerosol cans (UN No. 1950) with a net mass of 200 ml (each) packed in cartons with a gross mass of 6 kg are subject to limited quantity exemptions. Since the amount of the substance per inner container (200 ml) does not exceed the limit value of 1 liter, and the gross weight of the container (6 kg) is an allowable number of 30 kg.

Exempt Quantities

Transportation of dangerous goods in exempted quantities does not require accompanying documentation (obtaining a permit, coordinating the route, preparing written instructions), special driver training (ADR certificate), the presence of a vehicle permit for the transport of dangerous goods, marking and danger signs on packaging, designation of vehicles funds. An exception - special sign "Excepted quantities".

The only requirements that must be met are:

• the procedure for preparing employees for the flight;
• classification procedure and criteria for assigning a packing group;
• packaging requirements.

To find out which quantity for a consignment is exempt, you need to pay attention to column 7b of the table "List of dangerous goods": the code indicated there indicates whether a certain substance / article can be transported in exempt quantities and, if so, in which ones.

Thus, if a substance has the code E0, it is not subject to exempted quantity provisions at all. For codes E1-E5, the following values ​​apply.

The values ​​are given: for solids - in grams, for liquids and gases - in milliliters.

Exemptions related to quantities carried in one transport unit

If the amount of hazardous substances/products does not exceed the value specified for the goods of each transport category, then their transportation does not require the placement of information plates and markings (on containers, tank-containers, portable tanks and vehicles), the preparation of written instructions and the admission of the vehicle. vehicles for the transport of dangerous goods.

To find out at what quantity the exemption is valid (and whether it is valid), you need to check column 15 of the table "List of dangerous goods", which indicates which transport category a particular dangerous substance or product belongs to, and then determine its maximum total quantity (section ADR 1.1.3.6.3).

Values ​​are:

for products - gross weight in kilograms;

for solids, liquefied, refrigerated liquefied and dissolved gases - net weight in kilograms;

for liquids, the total amount of dangerous goods contained in liters;

for compressed, adsorbed gases and chemical products under pressure - the nominal water capacity of the vessels in liters.

It should be taken into account that for substances under UN No.:

• 081 (high explosive type A);
• 0082 (high explosive type B);
• 0084 (high explosive type D);
• 0241 (high explosive type E);
• 0331 (high explosive type B);
• 0332 (high explosive type E);
• 0482 (explosives of very low sensitivity);
• 1005 (anhydrous ammonia);
• 1017 (chlorine)

the maximum total quantity per transport unit is 50 kg.

Is it possible to transport hazardous substances and products as part of groupage cargo?

Yes, you can, but not all. In order to find out which cargoes can stand next to each other in the same body/container and whose proximity will not lead to a dangerous situation, it is necessary to consult the “Compatibility Table for Loading Dangerous Goods of Different Classes” (7.5.2.1) and the “Compatibility Table when loading dangerous goods of the 1st hazard class belonging to different compatibility groups” (7.5.2.2).

In addition, groupage transport of dangerous goods may also be subject to exemptions related to quantities carried in one transport unit. The only thing is that it is necessary to accurately calculate the sum of the quantity of all substances and products, which should not exceed 1,000 conventional units.

For example, you need to transport:

• ten 40-liter compressed oxygen cylinders (UN No. 1072),
• five 40 liter compressed nitrogen bottles (UN No. 1066).

First of all, we look at the compatibility table to see if these substances can “ride” together. Since they all belong to the 2nd class, their joint transportation is not prohibited.

Next, we find out the transport category: the goods belong to the 3rd transport category, the maximum total quantity for them is 1,000, which means that individually each of the listed goods does not contradict the requirements for withdrawal: 150 kg of liquid oxygen, 400 liters of compressed oxygen and 200 liters compressed nitrogen in cylinders - each of these numbers is less than 1,000.

But this is separately, but together? We add up the quantities of each cargo - and we get a total value of 750 (150 + 400 + 200). And this is also less than 1,000! That is, corresponding concessions apply to this transportation.

However, when transporting goods of different transport categories together, you must always remember one nuance: you cannot simply add up the numbers indicating the quantities in which each cargo is transported.

For cargo:

1st transport category, we multiply the amount of substance / products by 50;
1st transport category under UN Nos. 0081, 0082, 0084, 0241, 0331, 0332, 0482, 1005, 1017 - by 20;
2nd transport category - by 3;
3rd transport category, we leave the amount of substance/products unchanged.

After we add the numbers obtained: the amount calculated in this way should also not exceed the value of 1,000 conventional units.

For example, you need to transport:

• one refrigerated liquid oxygen drum (UN No. 1073) with a net weight of 150 kg,
• one chlorine drum (UN No. 1017) with a net weight of 50 kg,
• one drum containing calcium carbide (UN No. 1402, packing group II) with a net weight of 40 kg.

Again, we check the compatibility table: cooled liquid oxygen and chlorine belong to the 2nd class, calcium carbide - to class 4.3. We look at the intersection of the corresponding column and line - everything is fine, transportation is allowed.

After that, we determine the transport categories of these goods:

• cooled liquid oxygen belongs to the 3rd category, which means that we leave its amount unchanged - 150;
• chlorine is a substance of the 1st transport category, but it is an exception, and therefore we multiply its amount not by 50, but by 20 and we get 1,000 (50 × 20);
• calcium carbide belongs to the 2nd transport category: multiply 40 by 3 - the final number is 120.

We add up: 150 + 1,000 + 120 = 1,270. This means that exemptions do not apply to this transportation.

So, what is required in order to efficiently carry out the transportation of dangerous goods and prevent its harmful effects on people, animals, the environment, buildings, structures, equipment, etc.?

The main thing is to know the shipping name of the substance/article and its UN number. By this number, it is easy to determine the class of cargo, its transport category, packing group, the danger it represents, requirements for packaging, loading / unloading, transportation, vehicle selection and designation, compatibility with other dangerous goods, etc.

In addition, in order to determine whether any exemptions and exemptions apply in a given case or not, it is necessary to know the exact amount of goods offered for transportation (both total and per inner and outer packaging).